treatments-xml/data/A9/26/87/A92687F0FFA0FFFE00A58786FD79FE51.xml

<document id="1F3BDF0E6252A4F0973CBC7FC8A95BD7" ID-CLB-Dataset="29420" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4482.2.9" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4fdf0291-fa18-48b5-a687-61f087324d5f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1440664" ID-ZooBank="88465D25-DCE4-4904-A6DF-31C3E0EFD4EA" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1538374538989" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Aneesh, Panakkool Thamban, Helna, Ameri Kottarathil, Kumar, Appukuttan Biju &amp; Maran, Balu Alagar Venmathi" docDate="2018" docId="A92687F0FFA0FFFE00A58786FD79FE51" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4482.2.9.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4482 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Lernaeenicus stromatei Gnanamuthu 1953" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="378" masterDocId="551FFF88FFA2FFF800328422FFA6FFFC" masterDocTitle="Redescription of Lernaeenicus stromatei Gnanamuthu, 1953 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida: Pennellidae) infesting the Black Pomfret Parastromateus niger (Bloch) from Indian waters" masterLastPageNumber="382" masterPageNumber="375" pageNumber="377" updateTime="1698559450446" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="4008FA9B99BCB1DEEDFB4D0B33D63B6A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="1F374800501E4C51D9FA4729E44DAA35">
<mods:title id="E744752E9557AAE36945EF771639AE03">Redescription of Lernaeenicus stromatei Gnanamuthu, 1953 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida: Pennellidae) infesting the Black Pomfret Parastromateus niger (Bloch) from Indian waters</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="A4845D2BE98F7C487C69A2BB212967DD" type="personal">
<mods:role id="66F703BB474F49ED16BDB7E6A8EC18EE">
<mods:roleTerm id="D84C009FDBF3C6E62160D7F64A8C5653">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4665B384483EDC3CDE79C2E75A6E3643">Aneesh, Panakkool Thamban</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="69B8E4D9D773188C20C505E24FBD4993" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F24119E4B0BF352B12C9AD412270C4F8">
<mods:roleTerm id="D0ED8CBB03E7B73EB81F0B16728A9583">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="46A46B0597704F815AB9414BC86D3C46">Helna, Ameri Kottarathil</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="FD62B89CEBC67F9EC5185C879F5F3514" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D302F5825C0E385781C8736F348C5CCD">
<mods:roleTerm id="88AD70B842AA97ED57AA6BF7463843AD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3D0D03E92CA1AC75E1D0BECB07DD9882">Kumar, Appukuttan Biju</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="72BFCE059467220F7103CF0F916AE1D6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6791652471C111375C2632FCF8E88A5A">
<mods:roleTerm id="AC9CE26D29B8B592842098161734DE2B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="423E1CC10EE6B1FB16EEC407B18FF6BE">Maran, Balu Alagar Venmathi</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="F67E616BAF7EAAB88D1791526334BB8C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="676BFC22A3DB6B09739DAD6F2B440DC3" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="D673EA0A6D927F89D4194C07F4A2ED9C">
<mods:title id="ECCC25923C312B09F3B6F95FC697E822">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="AC6B134D1A32DFE4B124341F8E666478">
<mods:date id="0C1CBA3819D9F3F500BB7D0D9B1277F8">2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="28BD9BF696F7199CE56E1973F606C0B8" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="88B633F987C74496CC48DB2FBC6C6648">2018-09-18</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="AA1B5EB32469058A5F80DFBB7E58C8B9" type="volume">
<mods:number id="F72B2C2EE1AB137FBD715D9D72119643">4482</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="4802EBB1D921AEB67F04461CFB1FF81E" type="issue">
<mods:number id="4BC5904F3DC0C4902048B7169DFB4751">2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="8E94E88E698040762D50F763FA6842A2" unit="page">
<mods:start id="5501857665AEC1FA0C9CFE26CFE40EE0">375</mods:start>
<mods:end id="30EF97B78CFC04965F9553DD60C36328">382</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="06FD7BCA0B7DA1CAB8EB7234C1C522F5">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="36F428208E017A83D7D5A5D4C555500B" type="CLB-Dataset">29420</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BCD732D067A300F8AE8BDBB33AB1AE88" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4482.2.9</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6B81AE65D163D07E397AB1B02AB3ADBE" type="GBIF-Dataset">4fdf0291-fa18-48b5-a687-61f087324d5f</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D504AF9DAD217CF49400987094F92897" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1022E855626547C9C6B4D2C3F19B58A1" type="Zenodo-Dep">1440664</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4D9B65ED00B174BF828EA51464B5E709" type="ZooBank">88465D25-DCE4-4904-A6DF-31C3E0EFD4EA</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="A92687F0FFA0FFFE00A58786FD79FE51" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5967728" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148421693" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5967728" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A92687F0FFA0FFFE00A58786FD79FE51" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A92687F0FFA0FFFE00A58786FD79FE51" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="378" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">
<subSubSection id="6995656DFFA0FFFA00A58786FEADFC1C" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="213036E6FFA0FFFA00A58786FD0AFC43" blockId="2.[151,684,932,992]" box="[151,684,932,959]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">
<heading id="7A78818AFFA0FFFA00A58786FD0AFC43" bold="true" box="[151,684,932,959]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA0FFFA00A58786FD0AFC43" authority="Gnanamuthu, 1953" authorityName="Gnanamuthu" authorityYear="1953" box="[151,684,932,959]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Lernaeenicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stromatei">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA0FFFA00A58786FD0AFC43" bold="true" box="[151,684,932,959]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA0FFFA00A58786FE15FC42" bold="true" box="[151,435,932,958]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Lernaeenicus stromatei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="451E4B17FFA0FFFA01888787FD0AFC43" box="[442,684,933,959]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" refId="ref3293" refString="Gnanamuthu, C. P. (1953) Three Lernaeid copepods parasitic on South Indian fishes. Journal of Parasitology, 39, 14 - 21. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3274053" type="journal article">Gnanamuthu, 1953</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="213036E6FFA0FFFA00A587E5FEADFC1C" blockId="2.[151,684,932,992]" box="[151,267,967,992]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">
(
<figureCitation id="B9B42A63FFA0FFFA00AD87E5FEA4FC1C" box="[159,258,967,992]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1437,1459]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,250,1896,1918]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,250,1942,1964]" captionStartId-3="6.[151,250,1907,1929]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,193,1413]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,197,1875]" captionTargetBox-2="[162,1436,307,1811]" captionTargetBox-3="[162,1433,479,1897]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1416]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1875]" captionTargetId-2="figure@5.[151,1436,265,1855]" captionTargetId-3="figure@6.[162,1433,476,1897]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionTargetPageId-3="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Lernaeenicus stromatei Gnanamuthu, 1953 ovigerous female ex Parastromateus niger (Bloch): A–B. sites of infestation (arrow); C. habitus dorsal." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Lernaeenicus stromatei Gnanamuthu, 1953 ovigerous female ex Parastromateus niger (Bloch): A. ventral view of head and neck; B–C. lateral view of head and neck; D. neck region showing legs 1–4; E. trunk with egg sacs and hind end; F. head with antenna; G–H. head dorsal view. P—proboscis, L 1 –L 4 —legs 1–4, F—furrows in the dorsal thorax, N—neck, LHlateral horn, MH—median horn, A—abdomen, T—trunk, ES—egg sacs." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Lernaeenicus stromatei Gnanamuthu, 1953 ovigerous female ex Parastromateus niger (Bloch) Neotype (Reg. No. C-7146/2): A. habitus dorsal; B–C. head dorsal view; D. head dorso-lateral view; E. antennule; F. antenna; G. maxilla; H–K. leg 1–4." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of Lernaeenicus stromatei Gnanamuthu, 1953 ovigerous female ex Parastromateus niger (Bloch), A–E: A. leg 1–4; B–C. head dorsal view showing antennule and antenna; D–E. proboscis; F. light microscopic view of proboscis; P—proboscis, L 1 –L 4 —legs 1–4, A 1 —antennule, A 2 —antenna, S—spines on ventral surface of cephalosome, Md—mandible, SP—sac like plate, IS—intrabuccal style." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1440666/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1440668/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/1440670/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/1440672/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Figs 1–4</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6995656DFFA0FFFA00A58033FB65FBB8" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="213036E6FFA0FFFA00A58033FB65FBB8" blockId="2.[151,1436,1040,1092]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA0FFFA00A58033FDFAFBDA" authority="Gnanamuthu, 1953" authorityName="Gnanamuthu" authorityYear="1953" box="[151,604,1040,1062]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Lernaeenicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stromatei">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA0FFFA00A58033FE2FFBDA" box="[151,393,1041,1062]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Lernaeenicus stromatei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="451E4B17FFA0FFFA01A68032FDFAFBDA" box="[404,604,1040,1062]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" refId="ref3293" refString="Gnanamuthu, C. P. (1953) Three Lernaeid copepods parasitic on South Indian fishes. Journal of Parasitology, 39, 14 - 21. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3274053" type="journal article">Gnanamuthu, 1953</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, p. 3, figs. 17–22; 
<bibRefCitation id="451E4B17FFA0FFFA031D8032FC0DFBDA" box="[815,939,1040,1062]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" refId="ref3613" refString="Pillai, N. K. (1985) The Fauna of India. Copepod Parasites of Marine Fishes. In: The Fauna of India. Zoological Society of India, Calcutta, pp. 1 - 900." type="book chapter">Pillai, 1985</bibRefCitation>
, p, 722; 
<bibRefCitation id="451E4B17FFA0FFFA04228032FB07FBDA" box="[1040,1185,1040,1062]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" refId="ref2971" refString="Aneesh, P. T. (2014) Studies on parasitic crustaceans infesting the fishes of Malabar Coast (Ph. D. thesis), Kannur University, Kerala, 147 pp." type="book">Aneesh, 2014</bibRefCitation>
, p.168, fig. 
<quantity id="E6779B03FFA0FFFA052E8032FAFEFBDA" box="[1308,1368,1040,1062]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.14" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" unit="g" value="2.14">2.14g</quantity>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="451E4B17FFA0FFFA05558032FC59FBB8" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" refId="ref3653" refString="Raja, K., Saravanakumar, A., Gopalakrishnan, A., Vijayakumar, R., Hwang, U. W. &amp; Venmathi Maran, B. A. (2016) The genus Lernaeenicus Lesueur (Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida, Pennellidae) in India: a checklist with notes on its taxonomy and ecology. Zootaxa, 4174 (1), 192 - 211. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4174.1.14" type="journal article">Raja, Saravanakumar, Gopalakrishnan, Vijayakumar, Hwang &amp; Venmathi Maran, 2016</bibRefCitation>
, p. 192–211, fig. 7.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6995656DFFA0FFFA00A58053FBBDFA99" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="213036E6FFA0FFFA00A58053FE72FB75" blockId="2.[151,1437,1137,2029]" box="[151,468,1137,1162]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA0FFFA00A58053FE26FB76" bold="true" box="[151,384,1137,1162]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Material examined.</emphasis>
23 ♀♀
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="213036E6FFA0FFFA00F580B4FA2DFB2E" blockId="2.[151,1437,1137,2029]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA0FFFA00F580B4FE7AFB52" bold="true" box="[199,476,1173,1198]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA0FFFA00F580B4FEC1FB52" bold="true" box="[199,359,1173,1198]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Type material</emphasis>
. Neotype
</emphasis>
—here designated, ♀ (
<quantity id="E6779B03FFA0FFFA02D580B4FCE6FB52" box="[743,832,1174,1198]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 mm</quantity>
), 
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA0FFFA036B80B7FC5DFB52" authority="Beach" authorityName="Beach" box="[857,1019,1173,1198]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Marina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Marina Beach</taxonomicName>
fish landing centre, Chennai, India (13.0500° N, 80.2824° E, Bay of Bengal) Reg. No. C-7146/2 from 
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA0FFFA03448098FB18FB2E" authority="(Bloch)" authorityName="Bloch" baseAuthorityName="Bloch" baseAuthorityYear="1795" box="[886,1214,1209,1234]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Carangidae" genus="Parastromateus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA0FFFA03448098FBC2FB2D" box="[886,1124,1210,1233]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Parastromateus niger</emphasis>
(Bloch)
</taxonomicName>
, coll. P.T. Aneesh.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="213036E6FFA0FFFA00F580FCFBBDFA99" blockId="2.[151,1437,1137,2029]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">
<materialsCitation id="91E73CBBFFA0FFFA00F580FCFB99FAE5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1913889685" collectorName="All &amp; Aneesh &amp; Helna" location="Bekal" municipality="Malabar Coast" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA0FFFA00F580FCFE06FB0A" bold="true" box="[199,416,1245,1270]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">
Non 
<typeStatus id="FE348844FFA0FFFA013380FCFE89FB09" box="[257,303,1246,1269]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<collectorName id="8C7A5330FFA0FFFA019A80FFFE6AFB0A" box="[424,460,1245,1270]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">All</collectorName>
from 
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA0FFFA022680FCFCCEFB0A" authority="(Bloch)" authorityName="Bloch" baseAuthorityName="Bloch" baseAuthorityYear="1795" box="[532,872,1245,1270]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Carangidae" genus="Parastromateus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA0FFFA022680FCFCAFFB09" box="[532,777,1246,1269]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Parastromateus niger</emphasis>
(Bloch)
</taxonomicName>
coll. 
<collectorName id="8C7A5330FFA0FFFA039880FFFC58FB0A" box="[938,1022,1245,1270]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Aneesh</collectorName>
and 
<collectorName id="8C7A5330FFA0FFFA040580FFFBDBFB0A" box="[1079,1149,1245,1270]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Helna</collectorName>
, 
<specimenCount id="3789FD6FFFA0FFFA04B880FCFB0BFB0A" box="[1162,1197,1246,1270]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<quantity id="E6779B03FFA0FFFA048C80FFFAB2FB0A" box="[1214,1300,1245,1270]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" unit="mm" value="66.0">66 mm</quantity>
), 
<location id="2450603DFFA0FFFA051A80FFFACFFB0A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A92687F0FFA0FFFE00A58786FD79FE51:2450603DFFA0FFFA051A80FFFACFFB0A" box="[1320,1385,1245,1270]" municipality="Malabar Coast" name="Bekal" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Bekal</location>
fish landing centre (12° 25' 14 N'', 75° 1' 23 E″, 
<collectingMunicipality id="C154AC9CFFA0FFFA029B8123FCF5FAE6" box="[681,851,1281,1306]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Malabar Coast</collectingMunicipality>
) Reg. No C-7162/2
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="91E73CBBFFA0FFFA047C8123FBFEFABC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1913889684" collectorName="Reg. No C" country="India" location="Ayyikkara" municipality="Malabar Coast" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="3789FD6FFFA0FFFA047C8123FBD7FAE5" box="[1102,1137,1281,1305]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<quantity id="E6779B03FFA0FFFA04B68123FB7BFAE5" box="[1156,1245,1281,1305]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" unit="mm" value="69.0">69 mm</quantity>
), 
<location id="2450603DFFA0FFFA04C18123FAC1FAE6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A92687F0FFA0FFFE00A58786FD79FE51:2450603DFFA0FFFA04C18123FAC1FAE6" box="[1267,1383,1281,1306]" country="India" municipality="Malabar Coast" name="Ayyikkara" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Ayyikkara</location>
fish landing centre (11 0 51′33″ N, 75 0 22′ 30 E″, 
<collectingMunicipality id="C154AC9CFFA0FFFA02BA810AFC96FABC" box="[648,816,1320,1345]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Malabar Coast</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCountry id="59987676FFA0FFFA0309810AFCD0FABD" box="[827,886,1320,1345]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">India</collectingCountry>
) 
<collectorName id="8C7A5330FFA0FFFA03B7810BFC5BFABC" box="[901,1021,1320,1345]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Reg. No C</collectorName>
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA0FFFA03CF810AFBA0FABD" bold="true" box="[1021,1030,1320,1345]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">-</emphasis>
7163/2
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="91E73CBBFFA0FFFA0451810AFBBDFA99" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1913889686" country="India" latitude="13.05" location="Bay of Bengal" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="80.2824" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="3789FD6FFFA0FFFA0451810AFB20FABC" box="[1123,1158,1320,1344]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<quantity id="E6779B03FFA0FFFA04A4810AFB4DFABC" box="[1174,1259,1320,1344]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" unit="mm" value="47.0">47 mm</quantity>
), 
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA0FFFA04CC810AFA3AFABD" authority="Beach" authorityName="Beach" box="[1278,1436,1320,1345]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Marina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Marina Beach</taxonomicName>
fish landing centre (
<geoCoordinate id="44BB5021FFA0FFFA0144816EFE5AFA98" box="[374,508,1356,1381]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" precision="5" value="13.05">13.0500° N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="44BB5021FFA0FFFA0235816EFD21FA98" box="[519,647,1356,1380]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" precision="5" value="80.2824">80.2824° E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<location id="2450603DFFA0FFFA02A1816FFC91FA99" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A92687F0FFA0FFFE00A58786FD79FE51:2450603DFFA0FFFA02A1816FFC91FA99" box="[659,823,1356,1381]" country="India" latitude="13.05" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="80.2824" name="Bay of Bengal" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Bay of Bengal</location>
) Reg. No C-7164/2.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6995656DFFA0FFFB00F58152FC40F9C0" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="378" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" type="description">
<paragraph id="213036E6FFA0FFFA00F58152FF5AF99D" blockId="2.[151,1437,1137,2029]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA0FFFA00F58152FEFFFA75" bold="true" box="[199,345,1392,1417]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Description.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA0FFFA01548152FDAFFA74" box="[358,521,1392,1416]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Female. Body</emphasis>
(
<quantity id="E6779B03FFA0FFFA022D8152FD02FA74" box="[543,676,1392,1416]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.9" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" unit="mm" value="60.0" valueMax="79.0" valueMin="41.0">41–79 mm</quantity>
), long and slender; 
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA0FFFA03A98152FBAEFA74" box="[923,1032,1392,1416]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Cephalon</emphasis>
attached at right angles to neck, anteriorly rounded and somewhat dorso-ventrally flattened and 
<quantity id="E6779B03FFA0FFFA035681B6FC4AFA50" box="[868,1004,1428,1453]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" unit="mm" value="1.55" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.5">1.5–1.6 mm</quantity>
longer than wide, with three posterior horns, one median directed backwards and two lateral directed outwards and backwards, all sub-similar and apically rounded. Elongated, tubular neck, gradually enlarging into the trunk, about 
<quantity id="E6779B03FFA0FFFA045681FEFB57FA08" box="[1124,1265,1500,1525]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.4" metricValueMin="3.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.4" valueMin="3.6">3.6–5.4 mm</quantity>
. Anterior neck with indistinct partition on dorsal side, indicating thoracic segments. Abdomen very narrow, 
<quantity id="E6779B03FFA0FFFA04828222FAF2F9E4" box="[1200,1364,1536,1561]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="3.5999999999999996" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" unit="mm" value="0.315" valueMax="0.36" valueMin="0.27">0.27–0.36 mm</quantity>
as the length of neck. Genital part of trunk (
<quantity id="E6779B03FFA0FFFA02608206FD64F9C0" box="[594,706,1572,1596]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" unit="mm" value="9.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="8.0">8–11 mm</quantity>
) forming a step-like projection from which the egg strings are attached.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="213036E6FFA0FFFA00F5824FFD33F955" blockId="2.[151,1437,1137,2029]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA0FFFA00F5824FFE9AF978" box="[199,316,1645,1668]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Egg string</emphasis>
longer than abdomen; eggs uniserriate. 
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA0FFFA02CE824EFC2CF978" box="[764,906,1644,1668]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Caudal rami</emphasis>
absent. Number of eggs per string ranged from 110 to 160, dependent on length of the string.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="213036E6FFA0FFFA00F58296FB0FF859" blockId="2.[151,1437,1137,2029]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA0FFFA00F58296FE9FF930" box="[199,313,1716,1740]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Antennule</emphasis>
slender, 3- segmented; all segments with many setae. Article 2 with a cluster of long setae. 
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA0FFFA050C8296FA3DF937" box="[1342,1435,1716,1739]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Antenna</emphasis>
stouter than antennule, 3- articled, terminal segment chelate, with sharp and strongly curved claw. Oral appendages situated in the proboscis. Proboscis a retractile, chitinous tube, situated at the ventral side of the cephalon, armed with an outer saclike plate and an inner ring like cephalosome bearing a single row of recurved spines. In the upper part of the proboscis a fork like buccal style is present. 
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA0FFFA03198366FC07F8A0" box="[811,929,1860,1884]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Mandibles</emphasis>
within the oral tube. 
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA0FFFA04968366FABCF8A0" box="[1188,1306,1860,1884]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Maxillules</emphasis>
, small and situated on side of the proboscis, inner lobes with few long setae, outer lobe with one short seta. 
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA0FFFA0524834AFADCF87C" box="[1302,1402,1896,1920]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Maxillae</emphasis>
3- articled, third article narrow, as long as second, ventral border of article 2 and 3 denticulated.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="213036E6FFA0FFFA00F58392FA97F811" blockId="2.[151,1437,1137,2029]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA0FFFA00F58392FED9F834" box="[199,383,1968,1992]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Swimming Legs,</emphasis>
4 pairs, located just behind the head, successively decreasing in size from L1–L4. L1 and L2 biramous, 3–4 uniramous. Rami of all legs 2- articled, setose. L1 almost on the head, L2–L4 on the neck.
</paragraph>
<caption id="75F0666EFFA1FFFB00A581BFFDB3FA2E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1440666/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" startId="3.[151,250,1437,1459]" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1413]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="213036E6FFA1FFFB00A581BFFDB3FA2E" blockId="3.[151,1436,1437,1490]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB00A581BFFEB0FA4F" bold="true" box="[151,278,1437,1459]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA1FFFB011281BDFD46FA4F" authority="Gnanamuthu, 1953" authorityName="Gnanamuthu" authorityYear="1953" box="[288,736,1437,1460]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Lernaeenicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stromatei">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB011281BDFDB7FA48" box="[288,529,1439,1460]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">Lernaeenicus stromatei</emphasis>
Gnanamuthu, 1953
</taxonomicName>
ovigerous female ex 
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA1FFFB03FA81BDFAA4FA4F" authority="(Bloch)" authorityName="Bloch" baseAuthorityName="Bloch" baseAuthorityYear="1795" box="[968,1282,1437,1460]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Carangidae" genus="Parastromateus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB03FA81BDFB0EFA48" box="[968,1192,1439,1460]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">Parastromateus niger</emphasis>
(Bloch)
</taxonomicName>
: 
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB052281BFFAE0FA4F" bold="true" box="[1296,1350,1437,1459]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">A–B.</emphasis>
sites of infestation (arrow); 
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB0153819EFEDCFA2E" bold="true" box="[353,378,1468,1490]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">C.</emphasis>
habitus dorsal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="213036E6FFA1FFFB00F581DDFC45F9E4" blockId="3.[151,1436,1535,2028]" box="[199,995,1535,1560]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB00F581DDFF58F9E4" bold="true" box="[199,254,1535,1560]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">Size.</emphasis>
Ovigerous female: 
<quantity id="E6779B03FFA1FFFB01EE81DDFDF3F9EB" box="[476,597,1535,1559]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.9" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" unit="mm" value="60.0" valueMax="79.0" valueMin="41.0">41–79 mm</quantity>
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB026981DDFDC2F9E4" bold="true" box="[603,612,1535,1560]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">(</emphasis>
total length excluding egg strings
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB03E881DDFC45F9E4" bold="true" box="[986,995,1535,1560]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">)</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="213036E6FFA1FFFB00F58201FC40F9C0" blockId="3.[151,1436,1535,2028]" box="[199,998,1571,1596]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB00F58201FE86F9C0" bold="true" box="[199,288,1571,1596]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">Colour.</emphasis>
Live specimens are translucent with light red colour anteriorly.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6995656DFFA1FFFB00F58265FEB1F978" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="213036E6FFA1FFFB00F58265FEB1F978" blockId="3.[151,1436,1535,2028]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB00F58265FEA0F99C" bold="true" box="[199,262,1607,1632]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">Host.</emphasis>
Reported only from 
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA1FFFB01C7826AFCEEF99C" authority="(Bloch)" authorityName="Bloch" baseAuthorityName="Bloch" baseAuthorityYear="1795" box="[501,840,1607,1632]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Carangidae" genus="Parastromateus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB01C7826AFD4FF9A3" box="[501,745,1608,1631]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">Parastromateus niger</emphasis>
(Bloch)
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="451E4B17FFA1FFFB03658265FB8BF99C" box="[855,1069,1607,1632]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" refId="ref3293" refString="Gnanamuthu, C. P. (1953) Three Lernaeid copepods parasitic on South Indian fishes. Journal of Parasitology, 39, 14 - 21. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3274053" type="journal article">Gnanamuthu 1953</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="451E4B17FFA1FFFB04088265FB1EF99C" box="[1082,1208,1607,1632]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" refId="ref3613" refString="Pillai, N. K. (1985) The Fauna of India. Copepod Parasites of Marine Fishes. In: The Fauna of India. Zoological Society of India, Calcutta, pp. 1 - 900." type="book chapter">Pillai 1985</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="451E4B17FFA1FFFB04F78265FAFAF9A3" box="[1221,1372,1607,1632]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" refId="ref2971" refString="Aneesh, P. T. (2014) Studies on parasitic crustaceans infesting the fishes of Malabar Coast (Ph. D. thesis), Kannur University, Kerala, 147 pp." type="book">Aneesh 2014</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="451E4B17FFA1FFFB055B8265FEB6F978" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" refId="ref3653" refString="Raja, K., Saravanakumar, A., Gopalakrishnan, A., Vijayakumar, R., Hwang, U. W. &amp; Venmathi Maran, B. A. (2016) The genus Lernaeenicus Lesueur (Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida, Pennellidae) in India: a checklist with notes on its taxonomy and ecology. Zootaxa, 4174 (1), 192 - 211. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4174.1.14" type="journal article">
Raja 
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB00A5824EFF69F97F" box="[151,207,1643,1667]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6995656DFFA1FFFB00F582ADFBB5F930" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="213036E6FFA1FFFB00F582ADFBB5F930" blockId="3.[151,1436,1535,2028]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB00F582ADFEC6F954" bold="true" box="[199,352,1679,1704]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">Distribution.</emphasis>
Chennai (
<typeStatus id="FE348844FFA1FFFB01ED82ADFDB7F95B" box="[479,529,1679,1703]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">type</typeStatus>
locality) (
<bibRefCitation id="451E4B17FFA1FFFB02A282ADFB84F954" box="[656,1058,1679,1704]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" refId="ref3293" refString="Gnanamuthu, C. P. (1953) Three Lernaeid copepods parasitic on South Indian fishes. Journal of Parasitology, 39, 14 - 21. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3274053" type="journal article">Gnanamuthu, 1953; present study</bibRefCitation>
), Malabar Coast (
<bibRefCitation id="451E4B17FFA1FFFB04C882ADFE89F930" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" refId="ref2971" refString="Aneesh, P. T. (2014) Studies on parasitic crustaceans infesting the fishes of Malabar Coast (Ph. D. thesis), Kannur University, Kerala, 147 pp." type="book">Aneesh 2014; present study</bibRefCitation>
), 
<collectingRegion id="E34BF804FFA1FFFB01718296FE76F930" box="[323,464,1715,1740]" country="India" name="West Bengal" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">West Bengal</collectingRegion>
(present study), South east coast (
<bibRefCitation id="451E4B17FFA1FFFB037D8291FBAEF930" box="[847,1032,1715,1740]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" refId="ref3653" refString="Raja, K., Saravanakumar, A., Gopalakrishnan, A., Vijayakumar, R., Hwang, U. W. &amp; Venmathi Maran, B. A. (2016) The genus Lernaeenicus Lesueur (Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida, Pennellidae) in India: a checklist with notes on its taxonomy and ecology. Zootaxa, 4174 (1), 192 - 211. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4174.1.14" type="journal article">
Raja 
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB03BE8296FC62F937" box="[908,964,1715,1739]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6995656DFFA1FFFE00F582F5FD79FE51" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="381" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="213036E6FFA1FFFE00F582F5FD79FE51" blockId="3.[151,1436,1535,2028]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,429]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="381" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB00F582F5FE9DF90C" bold="true" box="[199,315,1751,1776]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA1FFFB017382FAFDE1F913" authorityName="Gnanamuthu" authorityYear="1953" box="[321,583,1752,1775]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Lernaeenicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stromatei">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB017382FAFDE1F913" box="[321,583,1752,1775]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">Lernaeenicus stromatei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is one of ten species of 
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA1FFFB036282FAFC41F913" authorityName="Le Sueur" authorityYear="1824" box="[848,999,1752,1775]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Lernaeenicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB036282FAFC41F913" box="[848,999,1752,1775]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">Lernaeenicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
known from 
<collectingCountry id="59987676FFA1FFFB044F82F5FB11F90C" box="[1149,1207,1751,1776]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">India</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="451E4B17FFA1FFFB04F782F5FAE5F90C" box="[1221,1347,1751,1776]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" refId="ref3613" refString="Pillai, N. K. (1985) The Fauna of India. Copepod Parasites of Marine Fishes. In: The Fauna of India. Zoological Society of India, Calcutta, pp. 1 - 900." type="book chapter">Pillai 1985</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="451E4B17FFA1FFFB057C82F5FF5AF8E8" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" refId="ref3653" refString="Raja, K., Saravanakumar, A., Gopalakrishnan, A., Vijayakumar, R., Hwang, U. W. &amp; Venmathi Maran, B. A. (2016) The genus Lernaeenicus Lesueur (Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida, Pennellidae) in India: a checklist with notes on its taxonomy and ecology. Zootaxa, 4174 (1), 192 - 211. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4174.1.14" type="journal article">
Raja 
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB05BA82FAFF12F8EF" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
) and is very distinct within the genus. 
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA1FFFB02D182DEFC57F8EF" authorityName="Gnanamuthu" authorityYear="1953" box="[739,1009,1788,1811]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Lernaeenicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stromatei">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB02D182DEFC57F8EF" box="[739,1009,1788,1811]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">Lernaeenicus stromatei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be identified by the following characteristic features: (1) long and slender body; (2) head anteriorly rounded, dorso-ventrally flattened and slightly longer than broad; (3) presence of three posterior horns on the head, one median and two lateral, all subsimilar and apically rounded; and (4) anterior part of neck with indistinct partition on dorsal side, indicating thoracic segments, and a three-jointed antennule. 
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA1FFFB02DE83AEFC5CF85F" authorityName="Gnanamuthu" authorityYear="1953" box="[748,1018,1932,1955]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Lernaeenicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stromatei">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB02DE83AEFC5CF85F" box="[748,1018,1932,1955]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">Lernaeenicus stromatei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
closely resembles 
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA1FFFB04D183AEFEC6F83B" authority="Kirtisinghe, 1932" authorityName="Kirtisinghe" authorityYear="1932" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Lernaeenicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hemirhamphi">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB04D183AEFA3AF85F" box="[1251,1436,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">L. hemirhamphi</emphasis>
Kirtisinghe, 1932
</taxonomicName>
, but the head is asymmetrical in 
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA1FFFB02D68392FBACF834" authority="(Pillai 1985)" authorityName="Pillai" authorityYear="1985" baseAuthorityName="Pillai" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[740,1034,1967,1992]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Lernaeenicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stromatei">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB02D68392FCCBF83B" box="[740,877,1968,1991]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">L. stromatei</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="451E4B17FFA1FFFB034D838DFBA7F834" box="[895,1025,1967,1992]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" refId="ref3613" refString="Pillai, N. K. (1985) The Fauna of India. Copepod Parasites of Marine Fishes. In: The Fauna of India. Zoological Society of India, Calcutta, pp. 1 - 900." type="book chapter">Pillai 1985</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA1FFFB04258392FA87F83B" baseAuthorityName="Pillai" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[1047,1313,1968,1991]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Lernaeenicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stromatei">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB04258392FA87F83B" box="[1047,1313,1968,1991]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">Lernaeenicus stromatei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has so far been reported only from black pomfret of the family 
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA1FFFB02D783F1FCC1F810" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1815" box="[741,871,2003,2028]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Carangidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Carangidae</taxonomicName>
, however, 
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA1FFFB03EC83F6FB37F817" authorityName="Kirtisinghe" authorityYear="1932" box="[990,1169,2003,2027]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Lernaeenicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hemirhamphi">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA1FFFB03EC83F6FB37F817" box="[990,1169,2003,2027]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">L. hemirhamphi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is apparently restricted to hosts in the family 
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA4FFFE01A284B5FDF4FF4C" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1859" box="[400,594,151,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Hemirhamphidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beloniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Hemirhamphidae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="451E4B17FFA4FFFE025084B5FD44FF4C" box="[610,738,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="381" refId="ref3613" refString="Pillai, N. K. (1985) The Fauna of India. Copepod Parasites of Marine Fishes. In: The Fauna of India. Zoological Society of India, Calcutta, pp. 1 - 900." type="book chapter">Pillai 1985</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="451E4B17FFA4FFFE02DD84B5FC21FF4C" box="[751,903,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="381" refId="ref2971" refString="Aneesh, P. T. (2014) Studies on parasitic crustaceans infesting the fishes of Malabar Coast (Ph. D. thesis), Kannur University, Kerala, 147 pp." type="book">Aneesh 2014</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="451E4B17FFA4FFFE03A184B5FBEAFF4C" box="[915,1100,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="381" refId="ref3653" refString="Raja, K., Saravanakumar, A., Gopalakrishnan, A., Vijayakumar, R., Hwang, U. W. &amp; Venmathi Maran, B. A. (2016) The genus Lernaeenicus Lesueur (Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida, Pennellidae) in India: a checklist with notes on its taxonomy and ecology. Zootaxa, 4174 (1), 192 - 211. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4174.1.14" type="journal article">
Raja 
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA4FFFE03FC84BBFBA1FF4C" box="[974,1031,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="381">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
). Till date most of the studies including the present work is based only on morphological data and the molecular analysis (ex: DNA profiling) may show different species distinctness amongst 
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA4FFFE02C884C2FC3FFF0B" box="[762,921,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="381">
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA4FFFE02C884C2FC33FF0B" authorityName="Le Sueur" authorityYear="1824" box="[762,917,224,247]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Lernaeenicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="6" pageNumber="381" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lernaeenicus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Recently 
<bibRefCitation id="451E4B17FFA4FFFE042C84C2FB69FF04" box="[1054,1231,224,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="381" refId="ref3414" refString="Hogans, W. E. (2018) Functional morphology and structural variability in Lernaeenicus (Copepoda: Pennellidae) parasitic on teleost fishes on the Atlantic coast of North America. Comparative Parasitology, 85 (1), 13 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.1654 / 1525 - 2647 - 85.1.13" type="journal article">Hogans (2018)</bibRefCitation>
documented the functional morphology and structural variations among the three species of 
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA4FFFE03D98527FB24FEE0" authorityName="Le Sueur" authorityYear="1824" box="[1003,1154,261,284]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Lernaeenicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="6" pageNumber="381" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA4FFFE03D98527FB24FEE0" box="[1003,1154,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="381">Lernaeenicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
infesting the fishes from Atlantic Coast of North America. Akin to that of recent study by 
<bibRefCitation id="451E4B17FFA4FFFE0346850AFBBBFEBC" box="[884,1053,296,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="381" refId="ref3414" refString="Hogans, W. E. (2018) Functional morphology and structural variability in Lernaeenicus (Copepoda: Pennellidae) parasitic on teleost fishes on the Atlantic coast of North America. Comparative Parasitology, 85 (1), 13 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.1654 / 1525 - 2647 - 85.1.13" type="journal article">Hogans (2018)</bibRefCitation>
, the functional morphology of the anchoring appendages of 
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA4FFFE0185856FFD98FE98" baseAuthorityName="Pillai" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[439,574,333,356]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Lernaeenicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="6" pageNumber="381" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stromatei">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA4FFFE0185856FFD98FE98" box="[439,574,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="381">L. stromatei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was influenced by site of attachment and feeding. Except few recent studies (for instance 
<bibRefCitation id="451E4B17FFA4FFFE01188552FE64FE74" box="[298,450,368,392]" pageId="6" pageNumber="381" refId="ref3414" refString="Hogans, W. E. (2018) Functional morphology and structural variability in Lernaeenicus (Copepoda: Pennellidae) parasitic on teleost fishes on the Atlantic coast of North America. Comparative Parasitology, 85 (1), 13 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.1654 / 1525 - 2647 - 85.1.13" type="journal article">Hogans 2018</bibRefCitation>
), most of the species of 
<taxonomicName id="E68F4D65FFA4FFFE02FD8552FCC0FE7B" authorityName="Le Sueur" authorityYear="1824" box="[719,870,368,391]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Lernaeenicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="6" pageNumber="381" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="13FBEAF4FFA4FFFE02FD8552FCC0FE7B" box="[719,870,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="381">Lernaeenicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
need to be clarified with its detailed redescription, since many of them are not adequately documented.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>