182 lines
17 KiB
XML
182 lines
17 KiB
XML
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<document id="993AF6E650AA094DF57E74356301B223" ID-CLB-Dataset="58516" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6512484" ID-GBIF-Dataset="67b52095-db4b-43f8-a661-4aced0511111" ID-ISBN="978-84-96553-77-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6512484" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1651524980884" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2011" docId="03F5071399EEFF5503DEF9C2FBB7F4D6" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_2_Bovidae_0444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 2 Hoofed Mammals, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Oreotragus centralis" docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="736" masterDocId="FFCC7F6B994BFFF00316FF82FFEDFF81" masterDocTitle="Bovidae" masterLastPageNumber="779" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="736" updateTime="1699330398010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="87878E069A79F61D800119814372CDF9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1444D6B4CEEF49E02BA6B4D67229DC96">
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<mods:title id="0473D176E0B1EF8F7D23295B8694BE01">Bovidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="997E3B6845E05A28B235D3D16709D085" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D02211A2562005D51A54A9CF48816714">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="E1346E2F9ADB98AD2EA2C89D0680A000" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="67C3A4483FE58C671F5C9C397BA16ECC">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="09DB4A6C202FF381551EAB7CF6904DF9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="51F6F78511CBFC46C3BB315F1DF63068">2011</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="C2B80B7DE98654870F6C950F5985ABCC" type="pubDate">2011-08-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="C43AEAB3D30820840E3AE0D0350464F2">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place id="C28F6860AB77A777A515A1826B26C531">
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<mods:placeTerm id="3C4A914F2BBB720DC89C10AFDE83916C">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="F0DCD9C182768A4A24DC7E332EC744D3">
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<mods:title id="B06283991C8D703935E9310C01F1DE3F">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 2 Hoofed Mammals</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="6843A3E2DE4610F89EB43E0D12C75E8D">
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<mods:classification id="1E1DEB1D5448A4793C833B374470FD19">book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="AD3B209A1CFB88FC95E93993C5E79722" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.6512484</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F5071399EEFF5503DEF9C2FBB7F4D6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6773245" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195659311" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6773245" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5071399EEFF5503DEF9C2FBB7F4D6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F5071399EEFF5503DEF9C2FBB7F4D6" lastPageNumber="736" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99EEFF5503DEF9C2FEF4F9EF" box="[200,281,1600,1646]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599EEFF5503DEF9C2FEF4F9EF" blockId="165.[197,1183,1600,1689]" box="[200,281,1600,1646]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
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<heading id="D0AB016999EEFF5503DEF9C2FEF4F9EF" box="[200,281,1600,1646]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
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<figureCitation id="1367AA8099EEFF5503DEF9C2FEF4F9EF" box="[200,281,1600,1646]" captionStart="Plate 54: Bovidae" captionStartId="164.[117,147,3397,3418]" captionTargetBox="[13,2775,15,3638]" captionTargetPageId="163" captionText="269. Cape Klipspringer (Oreotragus oreotragus), 270. Transvaal Klipspringer (Oreotragus transvaalensis), 271. Stevenson’s Klipspringer (Oreotragus stevensoni), 272. Angolan Klipspringer (Oreotragus tyler), 273. Zambian Klipspringer (Oreotragus centralis), 274. Noack’s Klipspringer (Oreotragus aceratos), 275. Masai Klipspringer (Oreotragus schillingsi), 276. Golden Klipspringer (Oreotragus aureus), 277. Ethiopian Klipspringer (Oreotragus saltatrixoides), 278. Somali Klipspringer (Oreotragus somalicus), 279. Nigerian Klipspringer (Oreotragus porteousi)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6512975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6512975/files/figure.png" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">273.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99EEFF55023DF9C2FD1BF9EF" box="[299,758,1600,1646]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599EEFF55023DF9C2FD1BF9EF" blockId="165.[197,1183,1600,1689]" box="[299,758,1600,1646]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
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<heading id="D0AB016999EEFF55023DF9C2FD1BF9EF" box="[299,758,1600,1646]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B99EEFF55023DF9C2FD1BF9EF" box="[299,758,1600,1646]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">Zambian Klipspringer</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99EEFF55003AF9C2FB71F9EF" box="[812,1180,1600,1646]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599EEFF55003AF9C2FB71F9EF" blockId="165.[197,1183,1600,1689]" box="[812,1180,1600,1646]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
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<heading id="D0AB016999EEFF55003AF9C2FB71F9EF" box="[812,1180,1600,1646]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699EEFF55003AF9C2FB71F9EF" baseAuthorityName="Hinton" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[812,1180,1600,1646]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Oreotragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799EEFF55003AF9C2FB71F9EF" box="[812,1180,1600,1646]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">Oreotragus centralis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99EEFF5503D1F9FDFB72F915" box="[199,1183,1663,1684]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599EEFF5503D1F9FDFB72F915" blockId="165.[197,1183,1600,1689]" box="[199,1183,1663,1684]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
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<heading id="D0AB016999EEFF5503D1F9FDFB72F915" box="[199,1183,1663,1684]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799EEFF5503D1F9FDFEFEF915" bold="true" box="[199,275,1663,1684]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B99EEFF55020BF9FDFE13F915" box="[285,510,1663,1684]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
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Oréotrague de
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<collectingCountry id="F34BF69599EEFF5502A3F9FDFE13F915" box="[437,510,1663,1684]" name="Zambia" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">Zambie</collectingCountry>
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</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799EEFF550105F9FDFD83F915" bold="true" box="[531,622,1663,1684]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B99EEFF550161F9FDFCA7F915" box="[631,842,1663,1684]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">Sambia-Klippspringer</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799EEFF550048F9FDFC54F915" bold="true" box="[862,953,1663,1684]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B99EEFF5500D5F9FDFBDDF915" box="[963,1072,1663,1684]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">Saltarrocas</vernacularName>
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de
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<collectingCountry id="F34BF69599EEFF55074EF9FDFB72F915" box="[1112,1183,1663,1684]" name="Zambia" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">Zambia</collectingCountry>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99EEFF550038F944FC03F88B" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599EEFF550038F944FC03F88B" blockId="165.[814,1402,1734,2156]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799EEFF550038F944FC24F962" bold="true" box="[814,969,1734,1763]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699EEFF5500F5F944FC04F88B" authority="Hinton, 1921" authorityName="Hinton" authorityYear="1921" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Oreotragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="oreotragus" subSpecies="centralis">Oreotragus oreotragus centralis Hinton, 1921</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99EEFF5500EEF973FC3AF8B0" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599EEFF5500EEF973FC3AF8B0" blockId="165.[814,1402,1734,2156]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
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<materialsCitation id="3B34BC5899EEFF5500EEF973FC3AF8B0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3785198419" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
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South Chinsali district, eastern
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<collectingCountry id="F34BF69599EEFF55007EF896FC3EF8B0" box="[872,979,1812,1841]" name="Zambia" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">Zambia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99EEFF550039F8BEFB80F877" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599EEFF550039F8BEFBCEF801" blockId="165.[814,1402,1734,2156]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
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Formerly considered a synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699EEFF550638F8BEFC95F801" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Oreotragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aceratos">O. aceratos</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF23E68D99EEFF550038F80CFB80F877" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6512903" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6512903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6512903/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" startId="165.[814,974,1934,1959]" targetBox="[196,791,1740,2157]" targetPageId="165">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599EEFF550038F80CFB80F877" blockId="165.[814,1402,1734,2156]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799EEFF550038F80CFC23F826" box="[814,974,1934,1959]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">Distribution</emphasis>
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.
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<collectingCountry id="F34BF69599EEFF5500FAF80CFBBBF826" box="[1004,1110,1934,1959]" name="Zambia" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">Zambia</collectingCountry>
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, including the Luangwa Valley; probably also SE
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<collectingCountry id="F34BF69599EEFF5507F2F82FFA9AF84F" box="[1252,1399,1965,1998]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">DR Congo</collectingCountry>
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(Katanga) and
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<collectingCountry id="F34BF69599EEFF550713F85BFB84F877" box="[1029,1129,2009,2038]" name="Malawi" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">Malawi</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99EEFF550038F87FFE50F6B0" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599EEFF550038F87FFE50F6B0" blockId="165.[814,1402,1734,2156]" lastBlockId="165.[197,1401,2167,2903]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799EEFF550038F87FFBDDF79F" bold="true" box="[814,1072,2045,2078]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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No specific measurements available. The female is larger than the male, but both sexes are very variable in size. Mean skull length is 14-1 cm (13.2-15.
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<quantity id="4CA41BE099EEFF550078F7F5FC57F715" box="[878,954,2167,2196]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
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) in males and 14-7 cm (14.1-15.
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<quantity id="4CA41BE099EEFF5503E5F71CFEDBF73A" box="[243,310,2206,2235]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
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) in females. Mean horn length is 9-8 cm (7-:4-12.
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<quantity id="4CA41BE099EEFF5500FCF71CFBDEF73A" box="[1002,1075,2206,2235]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
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). General color is deep reddish to orange to yellow-gray, with some individuals exhibiting a dazzling blackand-yellow effect. The legs are gray, contrasting with the body color. There is no black above the hooves.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99EEFF5503D0F6B5FB13F6D9" box="[198,1278,2359,2392]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599EEFF5503D0F6B5FB13F6D9" blockId="165.[197,1401,2167,2903]" box="[198,1278,2359,2392]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799EEFF5503D0F6B5FED8F6D9" bold="true" box="[198,309,2359,2392]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">Habitat.</emphasis>
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The Zambian Klipspringer uses rocky areas,like other klipspringers.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99EEFF5503D0F6E5FC5FF626" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599EEFF5503D0F6E5FC5FF626" blockId="165.[197,1401,2167,2903]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799EEFF5503D0F6E5FE24F601" bold="true" box="[198,457,2407,2432]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Diet consists of leaves, berries,fruit, seed pods, and flowers, seasonally favoring Euphorbia tirucalli and Vellozia equisetifolia.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99EEFF5503D1F62FFD8EF677" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" type="breeding">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599EEFF5503D1F62FFD8EF677" blockId="165.[197,1401,2167,2903]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799EEFF5503D1F62FFEA1F64F" bold="true" box="[199,332,2477,2510]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Non-seasonal breeder; pregnant females have been recorded in all months except in December—January.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99EEFF5503D3F67EFB27F5C5" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" type="activity">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599EEFF5503D3F67EFB27F5C5" blockId="165.[197,1401,2167,2903]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9286A1799EEFF5503D3F67EFE5CF59C" bold="true" box="[197,433,2556,2589]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
There is no specific information available for this species, but Klipspringers frequently leave the rocks to feed on the surrounding lowlands.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C346E58E99EEFF5503D1F5CCFAB7F53B" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" type="biology_ecology">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BE3B60599EEFF5503D1F5CCFAB7F53B" blockId="165.[197,1401,2167,2903]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9286A1799EEFF5503D1F5CCFC78F5EA" bold="true" box="[199,917,2638,2667]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
There is no specific information available for this species. Klipspringers are territorial; the territories are occupied by a male and a female (and their young), but it is the male who chases off trespassers.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C346E58E99EEFF5503DEF546FD6CF4B1" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" type="conservation">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BE3B60599EEFF5503DEF546FD6CF4B1" blockId="165.[197,1401,2167,2903]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9286A1799EEFF5503DEF546FDC8F560" bold="true" box="[200,549,2756,2785]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List (under
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699EEFF55064BF546FEA4F489" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Oreotragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oreotragus">O. oreotragus</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699EEFF55027AF565FE1FF489" box="[364,498,2791,2824]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Oreotragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Oreotragus</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
taxa, except the Nigerian Klipspringer (O. o. porteousi), are not considered separately by IUCN.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C346E58E99EEFF5503DFF4BCFBB7F4D6" box="[201,1114,2878,2903]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BE3B60599EEFF5503DFF4BCFBB7F4D6" blockId="165.[197,1401,2167,2903]" box="[201,1114,2878,2903]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B9286A1799EEFF5503DFF4BCFE8FF4D6" bold="true" box="[201,354,2878,2903]" pageId="165" pageNumber="736">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Groves & Grubb (2011), Roberts (1996), Skinner & Chimimba (2005).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|