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<document id="9C726515DFC645CF5B61BF2E0254DD61" ID-CLB-Dataset="264199" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5332.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="66e0ec51-d494-43d4-965e-a2cd1462ef54" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8261502" ID-ZooBank="424F7439-4095-46A5-93E3-C4130E3B6D9A" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1692350092877" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="POORANI, J." docDate="2023" docId="03C74162149B46F4BDDF36EBFDE0FBD2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5332.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5332 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5332.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Microcaria albolineata" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="196" masterDocId="FFFE391A14584637BD48367CFFCDFF9B" masterDocTitle="An illustrated guide to lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of the Indian Subcontinent. Part 1. Tribe Coccinellini" masterLastPageNumber="307" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="196" updateTime="1699593964221" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="37EA3E143EF8B29B47375D9870EE5758">An illustrated guide to lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of the Indian Subcontinent. Part 1. Tribe Coccinellini</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03C74162149B46F4BDDF36EBFDE0FBD2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8273836" ID-GBIF-Taxon="212449938" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8273836" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C74162149B46F4BDDF36EBFDE0FBD2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C74162149B46F4BDDF36EBFDE0FBD2" lastPageNumber="196" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF149B46F4BDDF36EBFD8FFF2A" box="[151,578,151,178]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074149B46F4BDDF36EBFD8FFF2A" blockId="195.[151,578,151,213]" box="[151,578,151,178]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
<heading id="D0994718149B46F4BDDF36EBFD8FFF2A" bold="true" box="[151,578,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7149B46F4BDDF36EBFD8FFF2A" authority="(Gyllenhal)" baseAuthorityName="Gyllenhal" box="[151,578,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Microcaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albolineata">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66149B46F4BDDF36EBFD8FFF2A" bold="true" box="[151,578,151,178]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66149B46F4BDDF36EBFE60FF29" bold="true" box="[151,429,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Microcaria albolineata</emphasis>
(Gyllenhal)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF149B46F4BDDF36C7FBCDFE83" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074149B46F4BDDF36C7FEA6FF4E" blockId="195.[151,578,151,213]" box="[151,363,187,213]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
(
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1149B46F4BDD736C7FEC9FF4E" box="[159,260,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 138" captionStartId="194.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,193,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-20@194.[237,1349,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="194" captionText="FIGURE 138. Microcaria albolineata (Gyllenhal): a. adult, dorsal view; b. adult, lateral view; c. abdominal postcoxal line; d. head; e. spermatheca; f–i. male genitalia: f. tegmen, lateral view; g. tegmen, ventral view; h. penis; i. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261995/files/figure.png" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Figs 138</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1149B46F4BC5836C7FEAEFF4E" box="[272,355,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 139" captionStartId="196.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1378,181,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-20@196.[209,1378,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="196" captionText="FIGURE 139. a, b. Microcaria albolineata (Gyllenhal): a. live adult; b. adult, darker variant; c–f. Microcaria lewisii (Crotch): c. live adult (Photo credit: K. C. Sajan, Nepal); d, e. adult, dorsal view (BMNH); f. adult, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261999" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261999/files/figure.png" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">139a, b</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1F074149B46F4BDDF377CFBCDFE83" blockId="195.[151,1419,255,341]" box="[151,1024,255,282]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7149B46F4BDDF377CFE26FE83" authority="Gyllenhal" authorityName="Gyllenhal" box="[151,491,256,280]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coccinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albolineata">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66149B46F4BDDF377CFEB3FE83" box="[151,382,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Coccinella albolineata</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B06FA29149B46F4BCCD377CFE26FE83" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4399052371" box="[389,491,256,280]" country="India" location="East" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" specimenCount="1">Gyllenhal</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, in Scĥnherr, 1808: 158 (
<typeStatus id="54D54ED6149B46F4BFBE377CFCE7FE83" box="[758,810,256,280]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
<location id="8EB1A6AF149B46F4BEC2377CFC7BFE8C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C74162149B46F4BDDF36EBFDE0FBD2:8EB1A6AF149B46F4BEC2377CFC7BFE8C" box="[906,950,256,279]" country="India" name="East" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">East</location>
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4149B46F4BEF4377CFC39FE83" box="[956,1012,256,280]" name="India" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">India</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF149B46F4BDDF3762FA46FECE" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074149B46F4BDDF3762FDE5FEAD" blockId="195.[151,1419,255,341]" box="[151,552,286,310]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7ED75A149B46F4BDDF3762FDE5FEAD" box="[151,552,286,310]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD665149B46F4BDDF3762FDE9FEAD" author="Mulsant, E." box="[151,548,286,310]" page="146" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" year="1850">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7149B46F4BDDF3762FDE9FEAD" authority=": Mulsant 1850: 146" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityPageNumber="146" authorityYear="1850" box="[151,548,286,310]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albolineata">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66149B46F4BDDF3762FE99FEAD" box="[151,340,286,310]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Calvia albolineata</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85149B46F4BC2A3762FDE9FEAD" author="Mulsant, E." box="[354,548,286,310]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" pagination="1 - 1104" refId="ref117842" refString="Mulsant, E. (1850) Species des Coleopteres Trimeres Securipalpes. Annales des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles, d'Agriculture et d'Industrie, publiees par la Societe nationale d'Agriculture, etc., de Lyon, Deuxieme Serie, 2, 1 - 1104. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8953" type="journal article" year="1850">Mulsant 1850: 146</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1F074149B46F4BDDF3741FA46FECE" blockId="195.[151,1419,255,341]" box="[151,1419,317,341]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7ED75A149B46F4BDDF3741FA46FECE" box="[151,1419,317,341]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7149B46F4BDDF3741FD9BFECE" authority=": Crotch 1874: 143" authorityName="Crotch" authorityPageNumber="143" authorityYear="1874" box="[151,598,317,341]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Bothrocalvia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albolineata">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66149B46F4BDDF3741FE59FECE" box="[151,404,317,341]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Bothrocalvia albolineata</emphasis>
: Crotch 1874: 143
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD665149B46F4BF283741FC9DFECE" author="Korschefsky, R." box="[608,848,317,341]" page="521" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" year="1932">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85149B46F4BF283741FC9DFECE" author="Korschefsky, R." box="[608,848,317,341]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" refId="ref116133" refString="Korschefsky, R. (1932) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Pars 120. Coccinellidae II. W. Junk, Berlin, 435 pp." type="book" year="1932">Korschefsky 1932: 521</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD665149B46F4BE123741FBE9FECE" author="Poorani, J." box="[858,1060,317,341]" page="322" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85149B46F4BE123741FBE9FECE" author="Poorani, J." box="[858,1060,317,341]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" pagination="307 - 383" refId="ref118931" refString="Poorani, J. (2002 a) An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (excluding Epilachninae) of the Indian subregion. Oriental Insects, 36, 307 - 383. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.2002.10417335" type="journal article" year="2002">Poorani 2002a: 322</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD665149B46F4B9663741FB32FECE" author="Ren, S. X. &amp; Wang, X. M. &amp; Pang, H. &amp; Peng, Z. Q. &amp; Zeng, T." box="[1070,1279,317,341]" page="176" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" year="2009">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85149B46F4B9663741FB32FECE" author="Ren, S. X. &amp; Wang, X. M. &amp; Pang, H. &amp; Peng, Z. Q. &amp; Zeng, T." box="[1070,1279,317,341]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" refId="ref120760" refString="Ren, S. X., Wang, X. M., Pang, H., Peng, Z. Q. &amp; Zeng, T. (2009) Colored pictorial handbook of ladybird beetles in China. Science Press, Beijing, 336 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2009">
Ren
<emphasis id="B91A2C66149B46F4B9153742FB47FECE" box="[1117,1162,317,341]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">et al</emphasis>
. 2009: 176
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD665149B46F4B8403741FA4AFECE" author="Yu, G." box="[1288,1415,317,341]" page="61" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85149B46F4B8403741FA4AFECE" author="Yu, G." box="[1288,1415,317,341]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" refId="ref124811" refString="Yu, G. (2010) Chinese Lady Beetles (The Subfamily Coccinellinae). China Scientific Press, Beijing, 180 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2010">Yu 2010: 61</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF149B46F4BDDF37FFFCBCFD26" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074149B46F4BDDF37FFFCBCFD26" blockId="195.[151,1437,387,1098]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66149B46F4BDDF37FFFEDFFE06" bold="true" box="[151,274,387,413]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Length:
<quantity id="4C965D91149B46F4BC3037FFFDD2FE05" box="[376,543,387,414]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="4.7" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" unit="mm" value="5.6" valueMax="6.5" valueMin="4.7">4.70–6.50 mm</quantity>
; width: 3.80–5.00 mm. Form (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1149B46F4BE3237FFFC21FE06" box="[890,1004,387,413]" captionStart="FIGURE 138" captionStartId="194.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,193,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-20@194.[237,1349,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="194" captionText="FIGURE 138. Microcaria albolineata (Gyllenhal): a. adult, dorsal view; b. adult, lateral view; c. abdominal postcoxal line; d. head; e. spermatheca; f–i. male genitalia: f. tegmen, lateral view; g. tegmen, ventral view; h. penis; i. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261995/files/figure.png" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Figs 138a</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1149B46F4BEB137FFFB80FE06" box="[1017,1101,387,413]" captionStart="FIGURE 139" captionStartId="196.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1378,181,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-20@196.[209,1378,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="196" captionText="FIGURE 139. a, b. Microcaria albolineata (Gyllenhal): a. live adult; b. adult, darker variant; c–f. Microcaria lewisii (Crotch): c. live adult (Photo credit: K. C. Sajan, Nepal); d, e. adult, dorsal view (BMNH); f. adult, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261999" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261999/files/figure.png" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">139a, b</figureCitation>
) broad oval, dorsum strongly convex (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1149B46F4BDB437DBFEA2FE5A" box="[252,367,423,449]" captionStart="FIGURE 138" captionStartId="194.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,193,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-20@194.[237,1349,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="194" captionText="FIGURE 138. Microcaria albolineata (Gyllenhal): a. adult, dorsal view; b. adult, lateral view; c. abdominal postcoxal line; d. head; e. spermatheca; f–i. male genitalia: f. tegmen, lateral view; g. tegmen, ventral view; h. penis; i. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261995/files/figure.png" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Fig. 138b</figureCitation>
), glabrous except head with sparse pubescence. Head (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1149B46F4BEB037DBFBA7FE5A" box="[1016,1130,423,449]" captionStart="FIGURE 138" captionStartId="194.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,193,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-20@194.[237,1349,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="194" captionText="FIGURE 138. Microcaria albolineata (Gyllenhal): a. adult, dorsal view; b. adult, lateral view; c. abdominal postcoxal line; d. head; e. spermatheca; f–i. male genitalia: f. tegmen, lateral view; g. tegmen, ventral view; h. penis; i. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261995/files/figure.png" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Fig. 138d</figureCitation>
) light brownish yellow to testaceous, eyes large with divergent inner margins. Pronotum yellowish-testaceous, with two oblique, oblong, irregularly shaped yellowish-brown spots in the middle, sometimes fused into a roughly M-shaped marking. Elytra dull brown, with pale yellow markings as follows: an elongate, cylindrical marking from basal margin to nearly 2/3 of the elytral length, adjacent to sutural line; a broader band at outer margin extending from humeral callus to nearly half the length of elytron and a narrow line starting from humeral callus and ending at elytral apex, with two brown islands, one at humeral callus and the other just before apex. Abdominal postcoxal line (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1149B46F4B9293403FB06FD02" box="[1121,1227,639,665]" captionStart="FIGURE 138" captionStartId="194.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,193,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-20@194.[237,1349,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="194" captionText="FIGURE 138. Microcaria albolineata (Gyllenhal): a. adult, dorsal view; b. adult, lateral view; c. abdominal postcoxal line; d. head; e. spermatheca; f–i. male genitalia: f. tegmen, lateral view; g. tegmen, ventral view; h. penis; i. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261995/files/figure.png" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Fig. 138c</figureCitation>
) incomplete. Male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1149B46F4BC4F34DFFE4BFD26" box="[263,390,675,701]" captionStart="FIGURE 138" captionStartId="194.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,193,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-20@194.[237,1349,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="194" captionText="FIGURE 138. Microcaria albolineata (Gyllenhal): a. adult, dorsal view; b. adult, lateral view; c. abdominal postcoxal line; d. head; e. spermatheca; f–i. male genitalia: f. tegmen, lateral view; g. tegmen, ventral view; h. penis; i. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261995/files/figure.png" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Fig. 138f–i</figureCitation>
) and spermatheca (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1149B46F4BF1734DFFD01FD26" box="[607,716,675,701]" captionStart="FIGURE 138" captionStartId="194.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,193,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-20@194.[237,1349,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="194" captionText="FIGURE 138. Microcaria albolineata (Gyllenhal): a. adult, dorsal view; b. adult, lateral view; c. abdominal postcoxal line; d. head; e. spermatheca; f–i. male genitalia: f. tegmen, lateral view; g. tegmen, ventral view; h. penis; i. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261995/files/figure.png" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Fig. 138e</figureCitation>
) as illustrated.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF149B46F4BD8F34BBFB24FC9D" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074149B46F4BD8F34BBFB24FC9D" blockId="195.[151,1437,387,1098]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66149B46F4BD8F34BBFEACFD7A" bold="true" box="[199,353,711,737]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4149B46F4BC2134BBFE6AFD7A" box="[361,423,711,737]" name="India" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">India</collectingCountry>
: Commonly collected in the northeastern region (
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96149B46F4BE9534BBFB7CFD7A" box="[989,1201,711,737]" country="India" name="Himachal Pradesh" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Himachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
, Jammu &amp; Kashmir,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96149B46F4BDDF3497FF34FC9E" box="[151,249,747,773]" country="India" name="Manipur" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Manipur</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96149B46F4BC4C3497FE4EFC9E" box="[260,387,747,773]" country="India" name="Meghalaya" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Meghalaya</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96149B46F4BCC73497FE30FC9E" box="[399,509,747,773]" country="India" name="Nagaland" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Nagaland</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96149B46F4BF403497FD91FC9E" box="[520,604,747,773]" country="India" name="Sikkim" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Sikkim</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96149B46F4BF2F3490FD34FC9E" box="[615,761,747,774]" country="India" name="West Bengal" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">West Bengal</collectingRegion>
);
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4149B46F4BE443497FC9FFC9E" box="[780,850,747,773]" name="Nepal" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Nepal</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4149B46F4BE163490FC28FC9D" box="[862,997,748,774]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4149B46F4BEB83497FBFBFC9E" box="[1008,1078,747,773]" name="China" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">China</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4149B46F4B9093497FB5AFC9E" box="[1089,1175,747,773]" name="Taiwan" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4149B46F4B9EA3490FB28FC9D" box="[1186,1253,748,774]" name="Japan" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Japan</collectingCountry>
;
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF149B46F4BD8F3573FE1AFC46" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074149B46F4BD8F3573FB88FCEA" blockId="195.[151,1437,387,1098]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66149B46F4BD8F3573FE2CFCB2" bold="true" box="[199,481,783,809]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Prey/associated habitat.</emphasis>
Associated with adelgids and aphids feeding on pine, spruce, and other coniferous trees; feeds on
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7149B46F4BDB73548FEB5FCD5" box="[255,376,820,846]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Cinara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66149B46F4BDB73548FE83FCD5" box="[255,334,820,846]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Cinara</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7149B46F4BCCE3548FE36FCD5" box="[390,507,820,846]" class="Insecta" family="Adelgidae" genus="Pineus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66149B46F4BCCE3548FE1FFCD6" box="[390,466,820,845]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Pineus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
(label data). Predatory on
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7149B46F4BE64354FFB85FCD6" authority="(Lobdell)" baseAuthorityName="Lobdell" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[812,1096,819,845]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Oracella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acuta">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66149B46F4BE64354FFC1BFCD6" box="[812,982,819,845]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Oracella acuta</emphasis>
(Lobdell)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7149B46F4B910354FFB19FCD6" box="[1112,1236,819,845]" class="Magnoliopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Hemiptera" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7149B46F4B9A8354FFA58FCD6" box="[1248,1429,819,845]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pseudococcidae</taxonomicName>
) (CABI 2021) and
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7149B46F4BC2A352BFD67FCEA" authority="Wilson" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1919" box="[354,682,855,881]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Eulachnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thunbergii">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66149B46F4BC2A352BFD9EFCEA" box="[354,595,855,881]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Eulachnus thunbergii</emphasis>
Wilson
</taxonomicName>
infesting
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7149B46F4BE523524FB8DFCEA" authority="(Devi 1989)" baseAuthorityName="Devi" baseAuthorityYear="1989" box="[794,1088,855,881]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="khasya">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66149B46F4BE523524FC62FCEA" box="[794,943,855,881]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Pinus khasya</emphasis>
(Devi 1989)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1F074149B46F4BD8F3507FE1AFC46" blockId="195.[151,1437,387,1098]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66149B46F4BD8F3507FE03FC0E" bold="true" box="[199,462,891,917]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Seasonal occurrence.</emphasis>
Collected during January–February, April, June–July, August, and September (northeastern region).
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85149B46F4BCDB35E3FD0EFC22" author="Shantibala, K. &amp; Singh, T. K." box="[403,707,927,953]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" pagination="39 - 43" refId="ref122120" refString="Shantibala, K. &amp; Singh, T. K. (1991) Studies on the vertical distribution of aphidophagous coccinellids (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of Manipur and Nagaland. Journal of Aphidology, 5, 39 - 43." type="journal article" year="1991">Shantibala &amp; Singh (1991)</bibRefCitation>
reported this species from an altitude of
<quantity id="4C965D91149B46F4B9DF35E3FAF9FC21" box="[1175,1332,927,954]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" unit="m" value="2250.0" valueMax="2500.0" valueMin="2000.0">2000–2500 m</quantity>
from the northeastern region of
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4149B46F4BCDD35BFFE1FFC46" box="[405,466,963,989]" name="India" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF149B46F4BD8F359BFDE0FBD2" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074149B46F4BD8F359BFDE0FBD2" blockId="195.[151,1437,387,1098]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66149B46F4BD8F359BFEDCFB9A" bold="true" box="[199,273,999,1025]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">Notes.</emphasis>
It is common in the northeastern states of
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4149B46F4BFA4359BFCE4FB9A" box="[748,809,999,1025]" name="India" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">India</collectingCountry>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85149B46F4BE7C3594FC3EFB9A" author="Rao, V. P. &amp; So, P. Y." box="[820,1011,999,1026]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" pagination="9 - 24" refId="ref120537" refString="Rao, V. P. &amp; So, P. Y. (1967) Notes on Coccinellidae of Hong Kong. Technical Bulletin, Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control, 9, 9 - 24." type="journal article" year="1967">Rao &amp; So (1967)</bibRefCitation>
briefly described it and illustrated the habitus. Devi (1989) and
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85149B46F4BCE53277FD73FBBE" author="Wadhi, S. R. &amp; Parshad, B." box="[429,702,1035,1061]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" pagination="144 - 147" refId="ref123858" refString="Wadhi, S. R. &amp; Parshad, B. (1980) Some new records of Coccinellidae from Nepal Himalayas. Bulletin of Entomology, 21, 144 - 147." type="journal article" year="1980">Wadhi &amp; Parshad (1980)</bibRefCitation>
provided notes on its hosts and distribution. For more illustrations, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85149B46F4BD8A324CFE4DFBD2" author="Ren, S. X. &amp; Wang, X. M. &amp; Pang, H. &amp; Peng, Z. Q. &amp; Zeng, T." box="[194,384,1071,1098]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" refId="ref120760" refString="Ren, S. X., Wang, X. M., Pang, H., Peng, Z. Q. &amp; Zeng, T. (2009) Colored pictorial handbook of ladybird beetles in China. Science Press, Beijing, 336 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2009">
Ren
<emphasis id="B91A2C66149B46F4BDBE324CFEE3FBD2" box="[246,302,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="195" pageNumber="196">et al.</emphasis>
(2009)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85149B46F4BCFD324CFDE4FBD2" author="Yu, G." box="[437,553,1071,1098]" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" refId="ref124811" refString="Yu, G. (2010) Chinese Lady Beetles (The Subfamily Coccinellinae). China Scientific Press, Beijing, 180 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2010">Yu (2010)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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