273 lines
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273 lines
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<document id="AEE9C5F243CB0DFFD66F85EB1BBD2B10" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5297.4.3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8009087" ID-ZooBank="92A93902-69B9-4B4E-8FBA-79714AF43FFB" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1686032484747" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Luna, Manuel De & Boll, Piter Kehoma" docDate="2023" docId="03ACB529FFA6FFC0FF584F7EFE29FC6B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5297.4.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5297 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5297.4.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pseudogeoplana nigrofusca" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="523" masterDocId="FF95CD51FFA2FFC5FFCF4C00FF9BFFA2" masterDocTitle="An annotated checklist of terrestrial flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Geoplanidae) from Mexico, with new records of invasive species from a citizen science platform and a new nomen dubium" masterLastPageNumber="532" masterPageNumber="518" pageNumber="522" updateTime="1686032992779" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="D42A9F071FF320CA4E9D18019724D2B3">An annotated checklist of terrestrial flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Geoplanidae) from Mexico, with new records of invasive species from a citizen science platform and a new nomen dubium</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="051F02DDB0B1FB430DDBF6B751E81377">Luna, Manuel De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F53FCA7ABAA51C3E61AF585BFAC61BDC">Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Ciudad Universitaria, P. C. 66451, San Nicolas de los Garza, Nuevo Leoon, Mexico scolopendra 94 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0746 - 0507</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D574B15B02494DD731F73F162F44C313" type="email">scolopendra94@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="C3F5930D96773BB849A0A5952F510624">Boll, Piter Kehoma</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6412E9D11C551FD5BB15FD62721EC36E">Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Avenida Unisinos, 950, 93022 - 750, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="3E5F6F23146CFBBDBBB6E582BC9C3066">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9ABEB1F3C4DF9C48F625E30DA5C21F04">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D7D7DFB9CD5840660F8E9CE41390DC1F">2023-06-06</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03ACB529FFA6FFC0FF584F7EFE29FC6B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03ACB529FFA6FFC0FF584F7EFE29FC6B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ACB529FFA6FFC0FF584F7EFE29FC6B" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="523" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">
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<subSubSection id="C31F57B4FFA6FFC1FF584F7EFD31FC3A" box="[151,682,894,921]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBA043FFFA6FFC1FF584F7EFD31FC3A" blockId="4.[151,682,894,956]" box="[151,682,894,921]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">
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<heading id="D0F2B353FFA6FFC1FF584F7EFD31FC3A" bold="true" box="[151,682,894,921]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C057FBCFFA6FFC1FF584F7EFD31FC3A" ID-CoL="4NX7L" authority="(Darwin, 1844)" baseAuthorityName="Darwin" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[151,682,894,921]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Pseudogeoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigrofusca">
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<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA6FFC1FF584F7EFD31FC3A" bold="true" box="[151,682,894,921]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">
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<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA6FFC1FF584F7EFE7CFC3A" bold="true" box="[151,487,894,921]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">Pseudogeoplana nigrofusca</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9479CEFFA6FFC1FE384F7EFD39FC3A" author="Darwin, C." box="[503,674,894,920]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" pagination="241 - 251" refId="ref8775" refString="Darwin, C. (1844) Brief Description of several Terrestrial Planariae, and of some remarkable Marine Species, with an Account of their Habits. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 14, 241 - 251. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 037454809495165" type="journal article" year="1844">Darwin, 1844</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31F57B4FFA6FFC1FF584FA2FDB1FBF9" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BBA043FFFA6FFC1FF584FA2FE9DFC1E" blockId="4.[151,682,894,956]" box="[151,262,930,956]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">
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<figureCitation id="133E18BAFFA6FFC1FF584FA2FE99FC1E" box="[151,258,930,956]" captionStart="FIGURES 8–9" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1676,1700]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,1142,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-314@4.[151,1436,1139,1652]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 8–9. Pseudogeoplana nigrofusca sensu von Graff (1899a, 1899b): (8) illustration of the dorsal aspect of a living specimen (fig. 1 of plate II of von Graff [1899b]); (9) illustration of the dorsal aspect of a fixed specimen missing a piece of integument (fig. 2 of plate II of von Graff [1899b]). Scales not available." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8009099" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8009099/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">Figs. 8, 9</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBA043FFFA6FFC1FF584FE7FC78FC5D" blockId="4.[151,995,998,1115]" box="[151,995,998,1023]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9479CEFFA6FFC1FF584FE7FED2FC5D" author="von Graff, L." box="[151,329,999,1023]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" refId="ref10699" refString="von Graff, L. (1899 a) Monographie der Turbellarien. II. Tricladida Terricola (Landplanarien). Engelmann, Leipzig, 574 pp." type="book" year="1899">von Graff (1899a</bibRefCitation>
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, as
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<taxonomicName id="4C057FBCFFA6FFC1FEA04FE7FDDFFC5D" authorityName="Darwin" authorityYear="1844" box="[367,580,999,1023]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Geoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigrofusca">
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<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA6FFC1FEA04FE7FDDFFC5D" box="[367,580,999,1023]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">Geoplana nigrofusca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: 297–298; fig. 35;
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<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA6FFC1FCC84FE6FCE0FC5C" bold="true" box="[775,891,998,1022]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">
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<collectingCountry id="F31244AFFFA6FFC1FCC84FE6FCEDFC5C" box="[775,886,998,1022]" name="Mexico" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion id="49C1CADDFFA6FFC1FC4E4FE7FC43FC5D" box="[897,984,999,1023]" country="Mexico" name="Tabasco" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">Tabasco</collectingRegion>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBA043FFFA6FFC1FF584806FCA0FBBF" blockId="4.[151,995,998,1115]" box="[151,827,1029,1053]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9479CEFFA6FFC1FF584806FED1FBBF" author="von Graff, L." box="[151,330,1029,1053]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" refId="ref10727" refString="von Graff, L. (1899 b) Atlas von Achtundfunfzig Tafeln zur Monographie der Turbellarien II. Tricladida Terricola (Landplanarien). Engelmann, Leipzig, LVIII pls." type="book" year="1899">von Graff (1899b</bibRefCitation>
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, as
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<taxonomicName id="4C057FBCFFA6FFC1FEBF4805FDDEFBBF" authorityName="Darwin" authorityYear="1844" box="[368,581,1029,1053]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Geoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigrofusca">
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<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA6FFC1FEBF4805FDDEFBBF" box="[368,581,1029,1053]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">Geoplana nigrofusca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: figs. 1–2 [in Table II]).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBA043FFFA6FFC1FF584824FDD9FB9E" blockId="4.[151,995,998,1115]" box="[151,578,1060,1084]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9479CEFFA6FFC1FF584824FE44FB9E" author="Ogren, R. E. & Kawakatsu, M." box="[151,479,1060,1084]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" pagination="79 - 166" refId="ref10210" refString="Ogren, R. E. & Kawakatsu, M. (1990) Index to the species of the family Geoplanidae (Turbellaria, Tricladida, Terricola) Part I: Geoplaninae. The Bulletin of Fuji Women's College, Series 2, 28, 79 - 166." type="journal article" year="1990">Ogren & Kawakatsu (1990: 157</bibRefCitation>
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; catalog).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBA043FFFA6FFC1FF584843FDB1FBF9" blockId="4.[151,995,998,1115]" box="[151,554,1091,1115]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9479CEFFA6FFC1FF584843FEE1FBF9" author="Ogren, R. E. & Kawakatsu, M. & Froehlich, E. M." box="[151,378,1091,1115]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" pagination="63 - 103" refId="ref10463" refString="Ogren, R. E., Kawakatsu, M. & Froehlich, E. M. (1997) Additions and corrections of the previous land planarian indices of the world (Turbellaria, Seriata, Tricladida, Terrcola): Addendum IV. Geographic locus index: Bipaliidae; Rhynchodemidae (Rhynchodeminae; Microplaninae); Geoplanidae (Geoplaninae; Caenoplaninae; Pelmatoplaninae). The Bulletin of Fuji Women's College, Series 2, 35, 63 - 103." type="journal article" year="1997">
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Ogren
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<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA6FFC1FF124843FE92FBF9" box="[221,265,1091,1115]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">et al</emphasis>
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. (1997: 78
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</bibRefCitation>
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, 82, 93; catalog).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF7A54B7FFA6FFC1FF584A8CFCE3F94E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8009099" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8009099" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8009099/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" startId="4.[151,264,1676,1700]" targetBox="[154,1433,1142,1649]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BBA043FFFA6FFC1FF584A8CFCE3F94E" blockId="4.[151,1436,1676,1772]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">
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<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA6FFC1FF584A8CFEA6F906" bold="true" box="[151,317,1676,1700]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">FIGURES 8–9.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C057FBCFFA6FFC1FE8A4A8CFCFBF906" authority="sensu von Graff (1899 a" authorityName="sensu von Graff" authorityYear="1899" box="[325,864,1676,1700]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Pseudogeoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigrofusca">
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<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA6FFC1FE8A4A8CFDFAF906" box="[325,609,1676,1700]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">Pseudogeoplana nigrofusca</emphasis>
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sensu
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9479CEFFA6FFC1FD654A8CFCFBF906" author="von Graff, L." box="[682,864,1676,1700]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" refId="ref10699" refString="von Graff, L. (1899 a) Monographie der Turbellarien. II. Tricladida Terricola (Landplanarien). Engelmann, Leipzig, 574 pp." type="book" year="1899">von Graff (1899a</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9479CEFFA6FFC1FCA44A8CFC2BF906" author="von Graff, L." box="[875,944,1676,1700]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" refId="ref10727" refString="von Graff, L. (1899 b) Atlas von Achtundfunfzig Tafeln zur Monographie der Turbellarien II. Tricladida Terricola (Landplanarien). Engelmann, Leipzig, LVIII pls." type="book" year="1899">1899b</bibRefCitation>
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): (8) illustration of the dorsal aspect of a living specimen (fig. 1 of plate II of
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9479CEFFA6FFC1FE1F4AB0FD14F96A" author="von Graff, L." box="[464,655,1712,1736]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" refId="ref10727" refString="von Graff, L. (1899 b) Atlas von Achtundfunfzig Tafeln zur Monographie der Turbellarien II. Tricladida Terricola (Landplanarien). Engelmann, Leipzig, LVIII pls." type="book" year="1899">von Graff [1899b]</bibRefCitation>
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); (9) illustration of the dorsal aspect of a fixed specimen missing a piece of integument (fig. 2 of plate II of
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9479CEFFA6FFC1FE164AD4FD0DF94E" author="von Graff, L." box="[473,662,1748,1772]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" refId="ref10727" refString="von Graff, L. (1899 b) Atlas von Achtundfunfzig Tafeln zur Monographie der Turbellarien II. Tricladida Terricola (Landplanarien). Engelmann, Leipzig, LVIII pls." type="book" year="1899">von Graff [1899b]</bibRefCitation>
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). Scales not available.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C31F57B4FFA6FFC1FF584B3EFD07F8FA" box="[151,668,1854,1881]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BBA043FFFA6FFC1FF584B3EFD07F8FA" blockId="4.[151,1437,1854,2025]" box="[151,668,1854,1881]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">
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<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA6FFC1FF584B3EFEEFF8FA" bold="true" box="[151,372,1854,1880]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">External diagnosis</emphasis>
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. Not available, see below.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31F57B4FFA6FFC0FF084B62FE29FC6B" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="523" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBA043FFFA6FFC0FF084B62FC17FE0F" blockId="4.[151,1437,1854,2025]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,969]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="523" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA6FFC1FF084B62FEAFF8DE" bold="true" box="[199,308,1890,1916]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">Remarks</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. This species was described from
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49C1CADDFFA6FFC1FD004B62FCCAF8DE" box="[719,849,1890,1916]" country="Uruguay" name="Maldonado" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">Maldonado</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31244AFFFA6FFC1FCAF4B63FC58F8DF" box="[864,963,1891,1917]" name="Uruguay" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9479CEFFA6FFC1FC354B62FB3FF8DE" author="Darwin, C." box="[1018,1188,1890,1916]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" pagination="241 - 251" refId="ref8775" refString="Darwin, C. (1844) Brief Description of several Terrestrial Planariae, and of some remarkable Marine Species, with an Account of their Habits. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 14, 241 - 251. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 037454809495165" type="journal article" year="1844">Darwin (1844)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and there is no
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54BEBA9DFFA6FFC1FAA34B63FA07F8DF" box="[1388,1436,1891,1917]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
material known. The specimens illustrated by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9479CEFFA6FFC1FD684B87FCEBF802" author="von Graff, L." box="[679,880,1926,1953]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" refId="ref10699" refString="von Graff, L. (1899 a) Monographie der Turbellarien. II. Tricladida Terricola (Landplanarien). Engelmann, Leipzig, 574 pp." type="book" year="1899">von Graff (1899a</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9479CEFFA6FFC1FCB24B86FC5FF802" author="von Graff, L." box="[893,964,1926,1952]" pageId="4" pageNumber="522" refId="ref10727" refString="von Graff, L. (1899 b) Atlas von Achtundfunfzig Tafeln zur Monographie der Turbellarien II. Tricladida Terricola (Landplanarien). Engelmann, Leipzig, LVIII pls." type="book" year="1899">1899b</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) were collected by Hermann von Ihering from
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49C1CADDFFA6FFC1FF164BAAFE22F866" box="[217,441,1962,1988]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31244AFFFA6FFC1FE064BAAFD8AF866" box="[457,529,1962,1988]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
; Graff also mentioned specimens from
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31244AFFFA6FFC1FC2D4BAAFBA3F866" box="[994,1080,1962,1988]" name="Mexico" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(from Frontera in the state of
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49C1CADDFFA6FFC1FF584BCEFF6FF84A" box="[151,244,1998,2024]" country="Mexico" name="Tabasco" pageId="4" pageNumber="522">Tabasco</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
) which were collected by C. H. Tyler Townsend in 1897. von Graff’s description and illustrations differ from Darwin’s description in that they depict a specimen with a much lighter colored dorsal margin and a marbled pattern, characters that are not mentioned by Darwin, who described the dorsum of the Uruguayan specimens as “uniform blackish brown”. von Graff’s description of the coloration on the ventral side of the animal states that it is orange on the sides and grayish yellow in the center, whereas Darwin described the venter of this species as just “pale”. The lighter-colored margins are cited in subsequent references, even as characteristic of the species (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9479CEFFA7FFC0FF504D4BFECBFEC7" author="Froehlich, E. M." box="[159,336,330,357]" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" pagination="201 - 214" refId="ref9092" refString="Froehlich, E. M. (1955) Chave para a classificac " o das Geoplanas brasileiras. Papeis Avulsos do Departamento de Zoologia, 12, 201 - 214." type="journal article" year="1955">Froehlich 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), despite not originally being described as such. Given the difference in coloration and that the genital structure of Darwin’s specimen is unknown, we can theorize that the original Uruguayan and the subsequent Brazilian, Paraguayan, and Mexican specimens are not conspecific.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBA043FFFA7FFC0FF084DB7FE29FC6B" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">
|
|||
|
|
The description given by von Graff for the Brazilian specimens falls within the color variation found in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C057FBCFFA7FFC0FA854DB7FCA8FE57" authority="Carbayo, Alvarez-Presas, Jones & Riutort, 2016" authorityName="Carbayo, Alvarez-Presas, Jones & Riutort" authorityYear="2016" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nungara">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA7FFC0FA854DB7FF6DFE56" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">Obama nungara</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9479CEFFA7FFC0FECE4DDBFCA8FE57" author="Carbayo, F. & Alvarez-Presas, M. & Jones, H. D. & Riutort, M." box="[257,819,475,503]" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" pagination="5 - 28" refId="ref8650" refString="Carbayo, F., Alvarez-Presas, M., Jones, H. D. & Riutort, M. (2016) The true identity of Obama (Platyhelminthes: Geoplanidae) flatworm spreading across Europe. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 177, 5 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12358" type="journal article" year="2016">Carbayo, Álvarez-Presas, Jones & Riutort, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, a species native from southern
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31244AFFFA7FFC0FB7E4DDBFB63FE57" box="[1201,1272,475,501]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31244AFFFA7FFC0FAC84DDBFAF2FE57" box="[1287,1385,475,501]" name="Uruguay" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31244AFFFA7FFC0FF584DFFFE9DFDBB" box="[151,262,511,537]" name="Argentina" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
that recently has become invasive in Europe (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9479CEFFA7FFC0FCC44DFFFB81FDBB" author="Lago-Barcia, D. & Negrete, L. & Brusa, F. & Damborenea, C. & Grande, C. & Norena, C." box="[779,1050,510,537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" pagination="12" refId="ref9912" refString="Lago-Barcia, D., Fernandez-alvarez, F. A., Negrete, L., Brusa, F., Damborenea, C., Grande, C. & Norena, C. (2015) Morphology and DNA barcodes reveal the presence of the non-native land planarian Obama marmorata (Platyhelminthes: Geoplanidae) in Europe. Invertebrate Systematics, 29, 12. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 14033" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
|||
|
|
Lago-Barcia
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA7FFC0FC6F4DFFFC49FDBB" box="[928,978,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 2015
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9479CEFFA7FFC0FBE94DFFFA93FDBB" author="Carbayo, F. & Alvarez-Presas, M. & Jones, H. D. & Riutort, M." box="[1062,1288,511,537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" pagination="5 - 28" refId="ref8650" refString="Carbayo, F., Alvarez-Presas, M., Jones, H. D. & Riutort, M. (2016) The true identity of Obama (Platyhelminthes: Geoplanidae) flatworm spreading across Europe. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 177, 5 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12358" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
|||
|
|
Carbayo
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA7FFC0FB434DFFFB26FDBB" box="[1164,1213,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 2016
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). von Graff’s drawing of the copulatory apparatus also has the typical appearance of that of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C057FBCFFA7FFC0FBC04E23FB52FD9E" authorityName="Carbayo, Alvarez-Presas, Jones & Riutort" authorityYear="2016" box="[1039,1225,547,573]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nungara">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA7FFC0FBC04E23FB52FD9E" box="[1039,1225,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">Obama nungara</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9479CEFFA7FFC0FB174E23FA03FD9F" author="von Graff, L." box="[1240,1432,547,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" refId="ref10699" refString="von Graff, L. (1899 a) Monographie der Turbellarien. II. Tricladida Terricola (Landplanarien). Engelmann, Leipzig, 574 pp." type="book" year="1899">von Graff 1899a</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9479CEFFA7FFC0FF584E47FEEAFDC3" author="Carbayo, F. & Alvarez-Presas, M. & Jones, H. D. & Riutort, M." box="[151,369,583,609]" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" pagination="5 - 28" refId="ref8650" refString="Carbayo, F., Alvarez-Presas, M., Jones, H. D. & Riutort, M. (2016) The true identity of Obama (Platyhelminthes: Geoplanidae) flatworm spreading across Europe. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 177, 5 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12358" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
|||
|
|
Carbayo
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA7FFC0FF354E47FEB2FDC3" box="[250,297,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 2016
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). He also mentions that
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C057FBCFFA7FFC0FDBF4E47FCC1FDC3" authorityName="Darwin" authorityYear="1844" box="[624,858,583,609]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Geoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigrofusca">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA7FFC0FDBF4E47FCC1FDC3" box="[624,858,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">Geoplana nigrofusca</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is difficult to differentiate from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C057FBCFFA7FFC0FB7A4E47FF6CFD27" authority="Schultze" authorityName="Schultze" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Geoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="rufiventris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA7FFC0FB7A4E47FA06FDC3" box="[1205,1437,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">Geoplana rufiventris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Schultze
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
& M̧ller, 1852, although he was probably referring to specimens of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C057FBCFFA7FFC0FBE24E6BFA93FD26" box="[1069,1288,619,645]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marmorata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA7FFC0FBE24E6BFA93FD26" box="[1069,1288,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">Obama marmorata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(Schultze & M̧ller, 1857), a species that he had erroneously considered a synonym of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C057FBCFFA7FFC0FC164E8FFA03FD0B" authority="(von Graff 1899 a)" baseAuthorityName="von Graff" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[985,1432,655,681]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Geoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="rufiventris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA7FFC0FC164E8FFB58FD0B" box="[985,1219,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">Geoplana rufiventris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9479CEFFA7FFC0FB1D4E8FFA0BFD0B" author="von Graff, L." box="[1234,1424,655,681]" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" refId="ref10699" refString="von Graff, L. (1899 a) Monographie der Turbellarien. II. Tricladida Terricola (Landplanarien). Engelmann, Leipzig, 574 pp." type="book" year="1899">von Graff 1899a</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Since
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C057FBCFFA7FFC0FF134EB3FE0FFD6E" authorityName="Carbayo, Alvarez-Presas, Jones & Riutort" authorityYear="2016" box="[220,404,691,717]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nungara">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA7FFC0FF134EB3FE0FFD6E" box="[220,404,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">Obama nungara</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
was originally mistaken for
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C057FBCFFA7FFC0FD1B4EB3FB54FD6F" authority="(Lago-Barcia et al. 2015)" baseAuthorityName="Lago-Barcia" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[724,1231,690,717]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marmorata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA7FFC0FD1B4EB3FC30FD6E" box="[724,939,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">Obama marmorata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9479CEFFA7FFC0FC764EB3FB53FD6F" author="Lago-Barcia, D. & Negrete, L. & Brusa, F. & Damborenea, C. & Grande, C. & Norena, C." box="[953,1224,690,717]" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" pagination="12" refId="ref9912" refString="Lago-Barcia, D., Fernandez-alvarez, F. A., Negrete, L., Brusa, F., Damborenea, C., Grande, C. & Norena, C. (2015) Morphology and DNA barcodes reveal the presence of the non-native land planarian Obama marmorata (Platyhelminthes: Geoplanidae) in Europe. Invertebrate Systematics, 29, 12. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 14033" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
|||
|
|
Lago-Barcia
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA7FFC0FB824EB3FBE5FD6F" box="[1101,1150,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 2015
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, the probability of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C057FBCFFA7FFC0FF584ED7FDC8FD53" authority="sensu Graff" authorityName="sensu von Graff" authorityYear="1899" box="[151,595,727,753]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Pseudogeoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigrofusca">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA7FFC0FF584ED7FE55FD53" box="[151,462,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">Pseudogeoplana nigrofusca</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
sensu Graff
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C057FBCFFA7FFC0FD484ED7FCA5FD52" authorityName="Carbayo, Alvarez-Presas, Jones & Riutort" authorityYear="2016" box="[647,830,727,753]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nungara">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA7FFC0FD484ED7FCA5FD52" box="[647,830,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">Obama nungara</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
being the same species becomes even greater. Because there is no
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54BEBA9DFFA7FFC0FED14EFBFECDFCB7" box="[286,342,763,789]" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">Type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
material or illustrations that could be designated as
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C057FBCFFA7FFC0FC0D4EFBFB65FCB7" authorityName="sensu von Graff" authorityYear="1899" box="[962,1278,763,789]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Pseudogeoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigrofusca">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA7FFC0FC0D4EFBFB65FCB7" box="[962,1278,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">Pseudogeoplana nigrofusca</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, and because Darwin’s original description is too vague to accurately identify this species, we propose that
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C057FBCFFA7FFC0FB2D4F1FFE95FCFF" authorityName="sensu von Graff" authorityYear="1899" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Pseudogeoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigrofusca">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA7FFC0FB2D4F1FFE95FCFF" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">Pseudogeoplana nigrofusca</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(synonymy:
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C057FBCFFA7FFC0FE6A4F43FD0AFCFF" authorityName="Darwin" authorityYear="1844" box="[421,657,835,861]" family="Planariidae" genus="Planaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigro-fusca">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA7FFC0FE6A4F43FD0AFCFF" box="[421,657,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">Planaria nigro-fusca</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA7FFC0FD6E4F43FC04FCFF" box="[673,927,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C057FBCFFA7FFC0FD6E4F43FC00FCFF" authorityName="Schultze" authorityYear="1856" baseAuthorityName="Darwin" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[673,923,835,861]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Geoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigro-fusca">Geoplana nigro-fusca</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C057FBCFFA7FFC0FC164F43FB53FCFF" authorityName="Darwin" authorityYear="1844" box="[985,1224,835,861]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Geoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigrofusca">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA7FFC0FC164F43FB53FCFF" box="[985,1224,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">Geoplana nigrofusca</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
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) should be treated here onwards as a
|
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<emphasis id="B971D82DFFA7FFC0FEBA4F67FD85FC23" box="[373,542,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">nomen dubium</emphasis>
|
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|
|
. Specimens externally akin to what
|
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|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9479CEFFA7FFC0FC044F67FB05FC23" author="von Graff, L." box="[971,1182,871,897]" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" refId="ref10699" refString="von Graff, L. (1899 a) Monographie der Turbellarien. II. Tricladida Terricola (Landplanarien). Engelmann, Leipzig, 574 pp." type="book" year="1899">von Graff (1899a)</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
and
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9479CEFFA7FFC0FB144F67FA07FC23" author="Froehlich, E. M." box="[1243,1436,870,897]" pageId="5" pageNumber="523" pagination="201 - 214" refId="ref9092" refString="Froehlich, E. M. (1955) Chave para a classificac " o das Geoplanas brasileiras. Papeis Avulsos do Departamento de Zoologia, 12, 201 - 214." type="journal article" year="1955">Froehlich (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
describe are found in
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31244AFFFA7FFC0FE5D4F8BFE71FC07" box="[402,490,907,933]" name="Mexico" pageId="5" pageNumber="523">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
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|
|
, as evidenced by records from the iNaturalist platform (#115484817, #138508028, #20769384, #64066094).
|
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|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
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|
|
</document>
|