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<document id="A49448172802BB9707E60E4EEEC9138C" ID-CLB-Dataset="6176" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.30.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e617ba0d-6329-4481-8c82-15d70cee421c" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4894396" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1622649201366" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Levkov, Zlatko &amp; Williams, David M." docDate="2011" docId="03AC87D2B847FFD300FDFC8A2583DBF5" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.30.1-41.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 30" docSource="http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.30.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:13F189B31CB4CCCE9197361A4E100104.3:Phytotaxa.2011-2013.journal_article" docStyleId="13F189B31CB4CCCE9197361A4E100104" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2011-2013.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Gomphonema subaequale Levkov 2011, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="FF95FFAAB85FFFCB006AFF802103DC05" masterDocTitle="Fifteen new diatom (Bacillariophyta) species from Lake Ohrid, Macedonia" masterLastPageNumber="41" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1698998376749" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="4CDE58C75FBFB606C8D70B6F1E201EE8" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="F89E4B7187D47547FF0E1599E54A4FBA">Fifteen new diatom (Bacillariophyta) species from Lake Ohrid, Macedonia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A46D0C7419F7968088B2EAC7997063BF">Levkov, Zlatko</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3190C89F74FCFF7DEA3C82B7EE5EEF81">Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Gazi Baba bb, Skopje, R. Macedonia. E-mail: zlevkov @ iunona. pmf. ukim. edu. mk Department of Botany, the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, United Kingdom. Email: d. m. williams @ nhm. ac. uk</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="92163CCF8C9BE1CB71A8E2CB4A0ACF4F">Williams, David M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C98AC16380D89420270B34394F0C8AED">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="55E7D7250DEBB74AA145E968DC3C9B66">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="491F1570FD821CC154B430D4B01B9228">2011-10-14</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="FD553FCD32E71BCBD383B9B316D59E29">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="03AC87D2B847FFD300FDFC8A2583DBF5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4924775" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182645409" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4924775" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC87D2B847FFD300FDFC8A2583DBF5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87D2B847FFD300FDFC8A2583DBF5" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<subSubSection id="C31F654FB847FFD300FDFC8A2518DF22" box="[151,1051,778,807]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBA36C4B847FFD300FDFC8A2518DF22" blockId="24.[151,1437,778,1104]" box="[151,1051,778,807]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<heading id="D0F281A8B847FFD300FDFC8A2518DF22" bold="true" box="[151,1051,778,807]" fontSize="12" level="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B971EAD6B847FFD300FDFC8A2518DF22" bold="true" box="[151,1051,778,807]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C054D47B847FFD300FDFC8A235EDF22" authority="Levkov" authorityName="Levkov" authorityYear="2011" box="[151,605,778,807]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Gomphonemataceae" genus="Gomphonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="subaequale" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B971EAD6B847FFD300FDFC8A20EDDF23" bold="true" box="[151,494,778,806]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Gomphonema subaequale</emphasis>
Levkov
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B971EAD6B847FFD30200FC8A23CEDF23" bold="true" box="[618,717,778,806]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24257ADB847FFD30200FC8A23CEDF23" box="[618,717,778,806]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="133E2A41B847FFD302B4FC8A2291DF22" box="[734,914,778,807]" captionStart="FIGURES 131–160" captionStartId="19.[151,269,1956,1980]" captionTargetBox="[352,1234,933,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-235@19.[352,1234,933,1932]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 131–160: LM micrographs. Figs 131–139. Gomphosphenia tenuis. Figs 140–148. Gomphonema mihoi. Figs 149–160. Gomphonema subaequale. Scale bar = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894426" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4894426/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figs 149–160</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="133E2A41B847FFD303CBFC8A2511DF22" box="[929,1042,778,807]" captionStart="FIGURES 178–184" captionStartId="25.[151,272,1467,1491]" captionTargetBox="[353,1231,186,1441]" captionTargetId="figure-210@25.[352,1234,183,1443]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 178–184: SEM micrographs of Gomphonema subaequale. Figs 178–180. External valve view. Fig. 179. Tilted specimen showing girdle elements. Each girdle band bears a single row of small, round poroids. Fig. 181. Detail of mid-valve, showing proximal raphe endings, stigma and external foramina. Proximal raphe endings widened and slightly deflected towards stigma. External opening of stigma simple and round. Striae uniseriate, composed of C-like areolae. Fig. 182. Internal view of mid-valve showing proximal raphe endings, stigma and internal openings of areolae. Internal fissures crochet-shaped. Fig. 183. Detail of base pole showing APF and distal raphe ending. Fig. 184. Internal valve view. Raphe terminates with small helictoglossae. Scale bars in Figs 178–180, 184 = 5 µm; Figs 181–183 = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894437" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4894437/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">178–184</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31F654FB847FFD300FDFCB0203AD802" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BBA36C4B847FFD300FDFCB0203AD802" blockId="24.[151,1437,778,1104]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B971EAD6B847FFD300FDFCB0203AD802" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Frustula aspectu cingulorum cuneata singulis punctis crassis in limbis valve claviformes. Vertices obtuse rotundati vel late-rotundati, poli basales distincte protracti vel subcapitati. Longitudo valvae
<quantity id="4CFD9B21B847FFD30442FCD0259BDF62" box="[1064,1176,848,871]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="14.0">14–21 µm</quantity>
, latitudo valvae 4.5–6.0 µm. Area axialis angustissima, linearis. Area centralis
<taxonomicName id="4C054D47B847FFD30326FCF02289DF82" authorityName="Tuji &amp; Williams" authorityYear="2008" baseAuthorityName="Grunow" box="[844,906,880,903]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Fragilaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="parva">parva</taxonomicName>
variabiliter dilatata ad instar, lanceolata vel transverse elliptica ad rhombico-ellipticam. Stigma solitaria distincte adest. Raphe modice lateralis fissura externa undulata poris centralibus parum incrassatis punctiformibus. Striae transapicales radiantes in media parte subparallelae ad leviter convergentes sub apices,
<quantity id="4CFD9B21B847FFD302B5FC50223EDFE2" box="[735,829,976,999]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.699" metricValueMax="5.08" metricValueMin="4.318" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="18.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="17.0">17–20 in</quantity>
<quantity id="4CFD9B21B847FFD3032EFC50228FDFE2" box="[836,908,976,999]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
. Puncta striarum facile discernanda microscopio photonico.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31F654FB847FFD300FDFB8F2583DBF5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BBA36C4B847FFD300FDFB8F2596D855" blockId="24.[151,1437,778,1104]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<materialsCitation id="3B6D3C99B847FFD300FDFB8F249FD82F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3128566305" box="[151,1436,1039,1066]" collectingDate="2004-08-06" country="Macedonia" location="Kaneo" municipality="Lake" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ohrid" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B971EAD6B847FFD300FDFB8F21D7D82C" bold="true" box="[151,212,1039,1065]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<typeStatus id="54BE8866B847FFD300FDFB8F21D7D82C" box="[151,212,1039,1065]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Type</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:—
<collectingCountry id="F3127654B847FFD3009CFB9020B3D82F" box="[246,432,1040,1066]" name="Macedonia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">MACEDONIA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDEACBEB847FFD301D6FB9020F5D82F" box="[444,502,1040,1066]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Lake</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingRegion id="49C1F826B847FFD30195FB902345D82F" box="[511,582,1040,1066]" country="Macedonia" name="Ohrid" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ohrid</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EDA601FB847FFD30239FB90239CD82F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC87D2B847FFD300FDFC8A2583DBF5:8EDA601FB847FFD30239FB90239CD82F" box="[595,671,1040,1066]" country="Macedonia" municipality="Lake" name="Kaneo" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" stateProvince="Ohrid">Kaneo</location>
springs, macrophytes, collection date:
<date id="FFBB1004B847FFD30407FB902419D82F" box="[1133,1306,1040,1066]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2004-08-06">
<collectingDate id="EFFFE9ECB847FFD30407FB902419D82F" box="[1133,1306,1040,1066]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2004-08-06">6 August 2004</collectingDate>
</date>
(accession
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B6D3C99B847FFD300FDFBB62592D855" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3128566301" accessionNumber="BM 101477" box="[151,1169,1078,1104]" collectionCode="BM" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCode="MKNDC 000589" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
No.
<specimenCode id="DBA39EBFB847FFD300A3FBB62098D855" box="[201,411,1078,1104]" collectionCode="MKNDC" country="Macedonia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/40e3-v9id" name="Institute of Biology" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="Herbarium">MKNDC 000589</specimenCode>
). Slide
<collectionCode id="ED14AE01B847FFD30198FBB6231CD855" box="[498,543,1078,1104]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">BM</collectionCode>
101477 (
<typeStatus id="54BE8866B847FFD302E4FBB623F8D855" box="[654,763,1078,1104]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
). Slide
<specimenCode id="DBA39EBFB847FFD30338FBB6251DD855" box="[850,1054,1078,1104]" collectionCode="MKNDC" country="Macedonia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/40e3-v9id" name="Institute of Biology" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="Herbarium">MKNDC 000589</specimenCode>
(isotype)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBA36C4B847FFD300ACFB042403D95A" blockId="24.[151,1439,1156,2032]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Frustules in girdle view distinctly cuneate with single row of punctae on girdle bands. Valves clavate with obtusely rounded head pole, distinctly protracted and subcapitate foot pole. Valve length
<quantity id="4CFD9B21B847FFD304BAFB2A244DD8C1" box="[1232,1358,1194,1220]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="14.0">14–21 µm</quantity>
, valve width 4.5–6.0 µm. Axial area very narrow linear, central area small, variable in shape, lanceolate to rhombiclanceolate or transversally widened. Single isolated stigma present in central area. Raphe moderately lateral and undulate, central pores small, barely expanded. Striae radiate in valve middle, becoming subparallel or slightly convergent towards valve ends,
<quantity id="4CFD9B21B847FFD30204FAC523D7D95A" box="[622,724,1349,1375]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.699" metricValueMax="5.08" metricValueMin="4.318" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="18.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="17.0">17–20 in</quantity>
<quantity id="4CFD9B21B847FFD302B6FAC5222FD95A" box="[732,812,1349,1375]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
. Areolae hardly visible with LM. (LM).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBA36C4B847FFD300ACFAEC223DDABE" blockId="24.[151,1439,1156,2032]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Valvocopulae bear a single row of poroids, coarser around pole (
<figureCitation id="133E2A41B847FFD30389FAEC254DD983" box="[995,1102,1388,1414]" captionStart="FIGURES 178–184" captionStartId="25.[151,272,1467,1491]" captionTargetBox="[353,1231,186,1441]" captionTargetId="figure-210@25.[352,1234,183,1443]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 178–184: SEM micrographs of Gomphonema subaequale. Figs 178–180. External valve view. Fig. 179. Tilted specimen showing girdle elements. Each girdle band bears a single row of small, round poroids. Fig. 181. Detail of mid-valve, showing proximal raphe endings, stigma and external foramina. Proximal raphe endings widened and slightly deflected towards stigma. External opening of stigma simple and round. Striae uniseriate, composed of C-like areolae. Fig. 182. Internal view of mid-valve showing proximal raphe endings, stigma and internal openings of areolae. Internal fissures crochet-shaped. Fig. 183. Detail of base pole showing APF and distal raphe ending. Fig. 184. Internal valve view. Raphe terminates with small helictoglossae. Scale bars in Figs 178–180, 184 = 5 µm; Figs 181–183 = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894437" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4894437/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 179</figureCitation>
). Apical pore field situated mainly on mantle, bisected by raphe fissure, composed of small porelli arranged in oblique rows (
<figureCitation id="133E2A41B847FFD30541FA1221C4D9D6" captionStart="FIGURES 178–184" captionStartId="25.[151,272,1467,1491]" captionTargetBox="[353,1231,186,1441]" captionTargetId="figure-210@25.[352,1234,183,1443]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 178–184: SEM micrographs of Gomphonema subaequale. Figs 178–180. External valve view. Fig. 179. Tilted specimen showing girdle elements. Each girdle band bears a single row of small, round poroids. Fig. 181. Detail of mid-valve, showing proximal raphe endings, stigma and external foramina. Proximal raphe endings widened and slightly deflected towards stigma. External opening of stigma simple and round. Striae uniseriate, composed of C-like areolae. Fig. 182. Internal view of mid-valve showing proximal raphe endings, stigma and internal openings of areolae. Internal fissures crochet-shaped. Fig. 183. Detail of base pole showing APF and distal raphe ending. Fig. 184. Internal valve view. Raphe terminates with small helictoglossae. Scale bars in Figs 178–180, 184 = 5 µm; Figs 181–183 = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894437" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4894437/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figs 178, 183</figureCitation>
). Porelli smaller than striae areolae, separated from them by narrow hyaline area (
<figureCitation id="133E2A41B847FFD304ECFA3925EFD9D6" box="[1158,1260,1465,1491]" captionStart="FIGURES 178–184" captionStartId="25.[151,272,1467,1491]" captionTargetBox="[353,1231,186,1441]" captionTargetId="figure-210@25.[352,1234,183,1443]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 178–184: SEM micrographs of Gomphonema subaequale. Figs 178–180. External valve view. Fig. 179. Tilted specimen showing girdle elements. Each girdle band bears a single row of small, round poroids. Fig. 181. Detail of mid-valve, showing proximal raphe endings, stigma and external foramina. Proximal raphe endings widened and slightly deflected towards stigma. External opening of stigma simple and round. Striae uniseriate, composed of C-like areolae. Fig. 182. Internal view of mid-valve showing proximal raphe endings, stigma and internal openings of areolae. Internal fissures crochet-shaped. Fig. 183. Detail of base pole showing APF and distal raphe ending. Fig. 184. Internal valve view. Raphe terminates with small helictoglossae. Scale bars in Figs 178–180, 184 = 5 µm; Figs 181–183 = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894437" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4894437/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 183</figureCitation>
). Raphe lateral and undulate (
<figureCitation id="133E2A41B847FFD3012FFA6020F7D9FF" box="[325,500,1504,1530]" captionStart="FIGURES 178–184" captionStartId="25.[151,272,1467,1491]" captionTargetBox="[353,1231,186,1441]" captionTargetId="figure-210@25.[352,1234,183,1443]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 178–184: SEM micrographs of Gomphonema subaequale. Figs 178–180. External valve view. Fig. 179. Tilted specimen showing girdle elements. Each girdle band bears a single row of small, round poroids. Fig. 181. Detail of mid-valve, showing proximal raphe endings, stigma and external foramina. Proximal raphe endings widened and slightly deflected towards stigma. External opening of stigma simple and round. Striae uniseriate, composed of C-like areolae. Fig. 182. Internal view of mid-valve showing proximal raphe endings, stigma and internal openings of areolae. Internal fissures crochet-shaped. Fig. 183. Detail of base pole showing APF and distal raphe ending. Fig. 184. Internal valve view. Raphe terminates with small helictoglossae. Scale bars in Figs 178–180, 184 = 5 µm; Figs 181–183 = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894437" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4894437/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figs 178, 180</figureCitation>
). Externally, at both poles, raphe expands and continues as terminal fissures deflected opposite from stigma (
<figureCitation id="133E2A41B847FFD3027AF9862376DA25" box="[528,629,1542,1568]" captionStart="FIGURES 178–184" captionStartId="25.[151,272,1467,1491]" captionTargetBox="[353,1231,186,1441]" captionTargetId="figure-210@25.[352,1234,183,1443]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 178–184: SEM micrographs of Gomphonema subaequale. Figs 178–180. External valve view. Fig. 179. Tilted specimen showing girdle elements. Each girdle band bears a single row of small, round poroids. Fig. 181. Detail of mid-valve, showing proximal raphe endings, stigma and external foramina. Proximal raphe endings widened and slightly deflected towards stigma. External opening of stigma simple and round. Striae uniseriate, composed of C-like areolae. Fig. 182. Internal view of mid-valve showing proximal raphe endings, stigma and internal openings of areolae. Internal fissures crochet-shaped. Fig. 183. Detail of base pole showing APF and distal raphe ending. Fig. 184. Internal valve view. Raphe terminates with small helictoglossae. Scale bars in Figs 178–180, 184 = 5 µm; Figs 181–183 = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894437" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4894437/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 181</figureCitation>
). Internally, distal raphe endings terminate with helictoglossae, while proximal endings terminate on elevated central nodule (
<figureCitation id="133E2A41B847FFD3034BF9AD22C4DA42" box="[801,967,1581,1607]" captionStart="FIGURES 178–184" captionStartId="25.[151,272,1467,1491]" captionTargetBox="[353,1231,186,1441]" captionTargetId="figure-210@25.[352,1234,183,1443]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 178–184: SEM micrographs of Gomphonema subaequale. Figs 178–180. External valve view. Fig. 179. Tilted specimen showing girdle elements. Each girdle band bears a single row of small, round poroids. Fig. 181. Detail of mid-valve, showing proximal raphe endings, stigma and external foramina. Proximal raphe endings widened and slightly deflected towards stigma. External opening of stigma simple and round. Striae uniseriate, composed of C-like areolae. Fig. 182. Internal view of mid-valve showing proximal raphe endings, stigma and internal openings of areolae. Internal fissures crochet-shaped. Fig. 183. Detail of base pole showing APF and distal raphe ending. Fig. 184. Internal valve view. Raphe terminates with small helictoglossae. Scale bars in Figs 178–180, 184 = 5 µm; Figs 181–183 = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894437" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4894437/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figs 182, 184</figureCitation>
). Proximal raphe fissures recurved (
<figureCitation id="133E2A41B847FFD30506F9AD21CADA6B" captionStart="FIGURES 178–184" captionStartId="25.[151,272,1467,1491]" captionTargetBox="[353,1231,186,1441]" captionTargetId="figure-210@25.[352,1234,183,1443]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 178–184: SEM micrographs of Gomphonema subaequale. Figs 178–180. External valve view. Fig. 179. Tilted specimen showing girdle elements. Each girdle band bears a single row of small, round poroids. Fig. 181. Detail of mid-valve, showing proximal raphe endings, stigma and external foramina. Proximal raphe endings widened and slightly deflected towards stigma. External opening of stigma simple and round. Striae uniseriate, composed of C-like areolae. Fig. 182. Internal view of mid-valve showing proximal raphe endings, stigma and internal openings of areolae. Internal fissures crochet-shaped. Fig. 183. Detail of base pole showing APF and distal raphe ending. Fig. 184. Internal valve view. Raphe terminates with small helictoglossae. Scale bars in Figs 178–180, 184 = 5 µm; Figs 181–183 = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894437" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4894437/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 182</figureCitation>
). External opening of stigma small and round, surrounded by rim. Internally, stigma with tear-dropshaped opening. Striae uniseriate, composed of C-shaped areolae (
<figureCitation id="133E2A41B847FFD303ACF9FA2531DA91" box="[966,1074,1658,1684]" captionStart="FIGURES 178–184" captionStartId="25.[151,272,1467,1491]" captionTargetBox="[353,1231,186,1441]" captionTargetId="figure-210@25.[352,1234,183,1443]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 178–184: SEM micrographs of Gomphonema subaequale. Figs 178–180. External valve view. Fig. 179. Tilted specimen showing girdle elements. Each girdle band bears a single row of small, round poroids. Fig. 181. Detail of mid-valve, showing proximal raphe endings, stigma and external foramina. Proximal raphe endings widened and slightly deflected towards stigma. External opening of stigma simple and round. Striae uniseriate, composed of C-like areolae. Fig. 182. Internal view of mid-valve showing proximal raphe endings, stigma and internal openings of areolae. Internal fissures crochet-shaped. Fig. 183. Detail of base pole showing APF and distal raphe ending. Fig. 184. Internal valve view. Raphe terminates with small helictoglossae. Scale bars in Figs 178–180, 184 = 5 µm; Figs 181–183 = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894437" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4894437/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 184</figureCitation>
). Internally, areolae openings round with small finger-like occlusions (
<figureCitation id="133E2A41B847FFD30219F92123D5DABE" box="[627,726,1697,1723]" captionStart="FIGURES 178–184" captionStartId="25.[151,272,1467,1491]" captionTargetBox="[353,1231,186,1441]" captionTargetId="figure-210@25.[352,1234,183,1443]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 178–184: SEM micrographs of Gomphonema subaequale. Figs 178–180. External valve view. Fig. 179. Tilted specimen showing girdle elements. Each girdle band bears a single row of small, round poroids. Fig. 181. Detail of mid-valve, showing proximal raphe endings, stigma and external foramina. Proximal raphe endings widened and slightly deflected towards stigma. External opening of stigma simple and round. Striae uniseriate, composed of C-like areolae. Fig. 182. Internal view of mid-valve showing proximal raphe endings, stigma and internal openings of areolae. Internal fissures crochet-shaped. Fig. 183. Detail of base pole showing APF and distal raphe ending. Fig. 184. Internal valve view. Raphe terminates with small helictoglossae. Scale bars in Figs 178–180, 184 = 5 µm; Figs 181–183 = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894437" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4894437/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 182</figureCitation>
) (
<collectionCode id="ED14AE01B847FFD30285F9212232DABE" box="[751,817,1697,1723]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">SEM</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBA36C4B847FFD300ACF9472583DBF5" blockId="24.[151,1439,1156,2032]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B971EAD6B847FFD300ACF947206FDAE4" bold="true" box="[198,364,1735,1761]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Observations</emphasis>
:—The most conspicuous features of
<taxonomicName id="4C054D47B847FFD30346F94822D7DAE4" authorityName="Levkov" authorityYear="2011" box="[812,980,1736,1761]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Gomphonemataceae" genus="Gomphonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="subaequale">
<emphasis id="B971EAD6B847FFD30346F94822D7DAE4" box="[812,980,1736,1761]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">G. subaequale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are the shape of the foot pole and the densely spaced striae. It may be confused with smaller specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C054D47B847FFD30383F96F2472DB0D" authority="Levkov &amp; Krstic" authorityName="Levkov &amp; Krstic" box="[1001,1393,1774,1800]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Gomphonemataceae" genus="Gomphonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="balcanicum">
<emphasis id="B971EAD6B847FFD30383F96F259BDB0D" box="[1001,1176,1775,1800]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">G. balcanicum</emphasis>
Levkov &amp; Krstic
</taxonomicName>
(in
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B35B847FFD300FDF8952082DB2A" author="Levkov, Z. &amp; Krstic, S. &amp; Metzeltin, D. &amp; Nakov, T." box="[151,385,1813,1839]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref20659" refString="Levkov, Z., Krstic, S., Metzeltin, D. &amp; Nakov, T. (2007) Diatoms of Lakes Prespa and Ohrid (Macedonia). Iconographia Diatomologica 16. Rugell, A. R. G. Gantner Verlag, 603 pp." type="book" year="2007">
Levkov
<emphasis id="B971EAD6B847FFD30091F895203BDB2B" box="[251,312,1813,1838]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
: figs 169: 11–23) but both taxa can be differentiated by valve shape (narrowly clavate valves with slightly protracted foot pole in
<taxonomicName id="4C054D47B847FFD302ADF8BC227DDB50" box="[711,894,1852,1877]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Gomphonemataceae" genus="Gomphonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="balcanicum">
<emphasis id="B971EAD6B847FFD302ADF8BC227DDB50" box="[711,894,1852,1877]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">G. balcanicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and striae density (
<quantity id="4CFD9B21B847FFD304E2F8BC25F9DB53" box="[1160,1274,1852,1878]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.683" metricValueMax="4.064" metricValueMin="3.302" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="14.5" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="13.0">13–16 in</quantity>
<quantity id="4CFD9B21B847FFD3056EF8BC243FDB53" box="[1284,1340,1852,1878]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="10.0">10 µ</quantity>
m in
<taxonomicName id="4C054D47B847FFD305E8F8BC2027DB79" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Gomphonemataceae" genus="Gomphonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="balcanicum">
<emphasis id="B971EAD6B847FFD305E8F8BC2027DB79" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">G. balcanicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Representatives of the
<taxonomicName id="4C054D47B847FFD3023DF8E323E1DB79" authorityName="Levkov &amp; D. M. Williams" authorityYear="2011" box="[599,738,1891,1916]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Odontidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Fragilariales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minutum">
<emphasis id="B971EAD6B847FFD3023DF8E323E1DB79" box="[599,738,1891,1916]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">G. minutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex have biseriate striae, a feature not present in
<taxonomicName id="4C054D47B847FFD305E9F8E3201DDBA7" authorityName="Levkov" authorityYear="2011" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Gomphonemataceae" genus="Gomphonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="subaequale">
<emphasis id="B971EAD6B847FFD305E9F8E3201DDBA7" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">G. subaequale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C054D47B847FFD30144F809220BDBA6" authority="Hustedt (1945" authorityName="Hustedt" authorityYear="1945" box="[302,776,1929,1955]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Gomphonemataceae" genus="Gomphonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="irroratum">
<emphasis id="B971EAD6B847FFD30144F8092352DBA7" box="[302,593,1929,1954]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Gomphonema irroratum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B35B847FFD30233F809220BDBA6" author="Hustedt, F." box="[601,776,1929,1955]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="867 - 973" refId="ref19323" refString="Hustedt, F. (1945) Diatomeen aus Seen und Quellgebieten der Balkan-Halbinsel. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie 40: 867 - 973." type="journal article" year="1945">Hustedt (1945</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: figs 42: 47–49) has larger valves (L=
<quantity id="4CFD9B21B847FFD304B0F8092455DBA6" box="[1242,1366,1929,1955]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="42.5" valueMax="55.0" valueMin="30.0">30–55 µm</quantity>
) with distinctly biseriate striae.
<taxonomicName id="4C054D47B847FFD301A6F8302377DBCC" authorityName="Levkov" authorityYear="2011" box="[460,628,1968,1993]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Gomphonemataceae" genus="Gomphonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="subaequale">
<emphasis id="B971EAD6B847FFD301A6F8302377DBCC" box="[460,628,1968,1993]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">G. subaequale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily distinguished from the
<taxonomicName id="4C054D47B847FFD3045CF83025BCDBCC" box="[1078,1215,1968,1993]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Gomphonemataceae" genus="Gomphonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="pumilum">
<emphasis id="B971EAD6B847FFD3045CF83025BCDBCC" box="[1078,1215,1968,1993]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">G. pumilum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex by valve shape (linear to linear–lanceolate in
<taxonomicName id="4C054D47B847FFD3022AF85723C5DBF5" box="[576,710,2007,2032]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Gomphonemataceae" genus="Gomphonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="pumilum">
<emphasis id="B971EAD6B847FFD3022AF85723C5DBF5" box="[576,710,2007,2032]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">G. pumilum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and striae density (
<quantity id="4CFD9B21B847FFD303DFF856251FDBF5" box="[949,1052,2006,2032]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.302" metricValueMax="3.81" metricValueMin="2.794" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="13.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="11.0">11–15 in</quantity>
<quantity id="4CFD9B21B847FFD30449F8562570DBF5" box="[1059,1139,2006,2032]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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