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164 lines
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.894.37862" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b9f6ab2b-1860-4796-b756-167ae5d2c916" ID-PMC="PMC6906170" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-894-53" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BAF8B2CC491254A3AC7E08368A2697B5" ID-PubMed="31844409" ID-ZooBank="D11503CA5A574067817904E0C8C162C8" ModsDocID="1313-2970-894-53" checkinTime="1575565036169" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pentinsaari, Mikko, Anderson, Robert, Borowiec, Lech, Bouchard, Patrice, Brunke, Adam, Douglas, Hume, Smith, Andrew B. T. & Hebert, Paul D. N." docDate="2019" docId="6E2FCF690FE55CC68E9BFC730F7E7DAC" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 894: 53-150" docOrigin="ZooKeys 894" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.894.37862" docTitle="Trixagus carinifrons Bonvouloir 1859" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="BAF8B2CC491254A3AC7E08368A2697B5" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="BAF8B2CC491254A3AC7E08368A2697B5" masterDocTitle="DNA barcodes reveal 63 overlooked species of Canadian beetles (Insecta, Coleoptera)" masterLastPageNumber="150" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="53" updateTime="1668168181706" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>DNA barcodes reveal 63 overlooked species of Canadian beetles (Insecta, Coleoptera)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pentinsaari, Mikko</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Anderson, Robert</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Borowiec, Lech</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bouchard, Patrice</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Brunke, Adam</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Douglas, Hume</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, Andrew B. T.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hebert, Paul D. N.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>894</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>53</mods:start>
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<mods:end>150</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.894.37862</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.894.37862</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-894-53</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D11503CA5A574067817904E0C8C162C8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BAF8B2CC491254A3AC7E08368A2697B5</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="160631279" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E2FCF690FE55CC68E9BFC730F7E7DAC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6E2FCF690FE55CC68E9BFC730F7E7DAC" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName LSID="6E2FCF69-0FE5-5CC6-8E9B-FC730F7E7DAC" authority="Bonvouloir, 1859" authorityName="Bonvouloir" authorityYear="1859" class="Insecta" family="Throscidae" genus="Trixagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trixagus carinifrons" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinifrons">Trixagus carinifrons (Bonvouloir, 1859)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 25, 26" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 25, 26. 25 Trixagus carinifrons (Bonvouloir) 25 A habitus, L. Borowiec 25 B aedeagus 26 Trixagus meybohmi Leseigneur 26 A habitus 26 B aedeagus. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (25 A; 26 A), 0.5 mm (25 B; 26 B)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figures25-26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362149" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figures25-26">Figure 25</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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Native to the Palaearctic region. Widespread in Europe, also recorded from the Russian Far East (
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<bibRefCitation author="Leseigneur, L" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" refId="B131" refString="Leseigneur, L, Loebl, I, Smetana, A, 2007. Throscidae. In: LoeblISmetanaA (Eds) Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera (Vol.4). Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 87-89." title="Throscidae. In: LoeblISmetanaA (Eds) Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera (Vol. 4). Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 87 - 89." year="2007">Leseigneur 2007</bibRefCitation>
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). Adventive in the Nearctic region (Ontario, Canada).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="canadian records">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Canadian records.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Ontario: Guelph, 01-Aug-2013 to 08-Aug-2013 (3 exx, CBG); Guelph, 15-Aug-2013 to 22-Aug-2013 (1 ex, CBG); Guelph, 29-Aug-2013 to 05-Sep-2013 (1 ex, CBG); Guelph, 30-Sep-2013 to 04-Oct-2013 (1 ex, CBG); Rouge National Urban Park, 28-May-2013 to 04-Jun-2013 (1 ex, CBG); Rouge National Urban Park, 18-Jun-2013 to 25-Jun-2013 (4 exx, CBG); Rouge National Urban Park, 27-Aug-2013 to 03-Sep-2013 (1 ex, CBG); Rouge National Urban Park, 03-Jun-2014 to 10-Jun-2014 (1 ex, CBG); Rouge National Urban Park, 24-Jun-2014 to 01-Jul-2014 (2 exx, CBG); Rouge National Urban Park, 29-Jul-2014 to 05-Aug-2014 (2 exx, CBG); Rouge National Urban Park, 05-Aug-2014 to 12-Aug-2014 (4 exx, CBG).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="diagnostic information">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Diagnostic information</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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(based on
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<bibRefCitation author="Leseigneur, L" editor="Lucht, W" journalOrPublisher="Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" refId="B129" refString="Leseigneur, L, Lucht, W, Klausnitzer, B, 1998. Throscidae. In: LuchtWKlausnitzerB (Eds) Die Kaefer Mitteleuropas, Band 15 (4.Supplementband). Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg, 222-231." title="Throscidae. In: LuchtWKlausnitzerB (Eds) Die Kaefer Mitteleuropas, Band 15 (4. Supplementband). Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg, 222 - 231." year="1998">Leseigneur 1998</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Leseigneur, L" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" pagination="89 - 96" refId="B130" refString="Leseigneur, L, 2005. Description de Trixagusmeybohmi n. sp. et note sur la morphologie des Trixagus du groupe carinifrons (Coleoptera, Throscidae). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France 110: 89 - 96" title="Description de Trixagusmeybohmi n. sp. et note sur la morphologie des Trixagus du groupe carinifrons (Coleoptera, Throscidae)." volume="110" year="2005">2005</bibRefCitation>
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). Body length 2.5-3.0 mm. Habitus as in
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 25, 26" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 25, 26. 25 Trixagus carinifrons (Bonvouloir) 25 A habitus, L. Borowiec 25 B aedeagus 26 Trixagus meybohmi Leseigneur 26 A habitus 26 B aedeagus. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (25 A; 26 A), 0.5 mm (25 B; 26 B)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figures25-26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362149" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figures25-26">Fig. 25A</figureCitation>
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. Eyes deeply emarginate. Head with longitudinal carinae which converge towards the vertex. Sides of pronotum sinuate in males, slightly or not sinuate in females. Elytral apex in males with a fringe of hairs longer than the lateral pubescence, often hidden under the elytra and not visible without removal of the abdomen. Aedeagus as in
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 25, 26" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 25, 26. 25 Trixagus carinifrons (Bonvouloir) 25 A habitus, L. Borowiec 25 B aedeagus 26 Trixagus meybohmi Leseigneur 26 A habitus 26 B aedeagus. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (25 A; 26 A), 0.5 mm (25 B; 26 B)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figures25-26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362149" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figures25-26">Fig. 25B</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="bionomic notes">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Bionomic notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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In Europe, this species is usually found in dry, warm habitats: heaths, forest edges, gravel pits, etc. (
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<bibRefCitation author="Koch, K" journalOrPublisher="Goecke & Evers Verlag, Krefeld" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" refId="B115" refString="Koch, K, 1989b. Die Kaefer Mitteleuropas, Oekologie (Vol. 2). Goecke & Evers Verlag, Krefeld" title="Die Kaefer Mitteleuropas, Oekologie (Vol. 2)." year="1989 b">Koch 1989b</bibRefCitation>
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). The Canadian specimens were collected in Malaise traps in a patch of forest and on a lawn between buildings on the University of Guelph campus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="comments">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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The genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Throscidae" genus="Trixagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trixagus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Trixagus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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includes several overlooked and probably undescribed species in Canada based on DNA barcode data and initial studies of male genitalia of the barcoded material (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444308211.ch11" author="Bouchard, P" editor="Foottit, RG" journalOrPublisher="The Nature Publishing Company, Indianapolis" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" refId="B23" refString="Bouchard, P, Smith, ABT, Douglas, H, Gimmel, ML, Brunke, AJ, Kanda, K, Foottit, RG, Adler, PH, 2017. John Wiley & Sons Ltd.https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444308211.ch11" title="John Wiley & Sons Ltd" url="https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444308211.ch11" year="2017">Bouchard et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
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, MP unpublished data). Until the genus is revised, the two Palaearctic
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Throscidae" genus="Trixagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trixagus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Trixagus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species reported here are most reliably identified using DNA barcodes or male genitalia.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figures25-26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362149" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" start="Figures 25, 26" startId="F13">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Figures 25, 26.</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">25</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Throscidae" genus="Trixagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trixagus carinifrons" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinifrons">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Trixagus carinifrons</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Bonvouloir)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">25A</emphasis>
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habitus, L. Borowiec
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">25B</emphasis>
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aedeagus
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">26</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Throscidae" genus="Trixagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trixagus meybohmi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meybohmi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Trixagus meybohmi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Leseigneur
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">26A</emphasis>
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habitus
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">26B</emphasis>
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aedeagus. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">25A; 26A</emphasis>
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), 0.5 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">25B; 26B</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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