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<document ID-DOI="10.25223/brad.n38.2020.a23" ID-GBIF-Dataset="69b0526e-7e3a-401d-8bea-b8a2541c1f36" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7871694" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1681981549586" checkinUser="hestersteyn" docAuthor="Thiede, Joachim, Campbell-Barker, Theo Peter, Hargreaves, Bruce J., Smith, Gideon F. &amp; Figueiredo, Estrela" docDate="2020" docId="03D2FB250D6316397920F97EFE7AE5DC" docLanguage="en" docName="Bradleya.38.247-253.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Bradleya 38" docSource="https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/8fe3b13d-ffa9-34d8-a569-ada13d0ae5ad/" docTitle="Aloe canis S. Lane" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="250" masterDocId="FFEB835D0D62163A794AFFD6FFA2E033" masterDocTitle="Notes on three aloes of Malawi: Aloe cam's, A. lateritia, and A. suffulta (Asphodelaceae subfam. Alooideae)" masterLastPageNumber="253" masterPageNumber="247" pageNumber="248" updateTime="1682614337913" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Notes on three aloes of Malawi: Aloe cam's, A. lateritia, and A. suffulta (Asphodelaceae subfam. Alooideae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Thiede, Joachim</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-0130-8424</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Schenefelder Holt 3, 22589 Hamburg, Germany</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">joachim_thiede@gmx.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Campbell-Barker, Theo Peter</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>22 Faringdon Avenue, Lutterworth LE 17 4 DJ, England (email: theo. cb @ talktalk. net).</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">theo.cb@talktalk.net</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hargreaves, Bruce J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>5817 Pryor Street, Bakersfield, CA 93308, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">brucejhargreaves@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Smith, Gideon F.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-5417-9208</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, P. O. Box 77000, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, 6031 South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">smithgideon1@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Figueiredo, Estrela</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-8511-8213</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, P. O. Box 77000, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, 6031 South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">epnfigueiredo@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:title>Bradleya</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2020-06-26</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>38</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>247</mods:start>
<mods:end>253</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/8fe3b13d-ffa9-34d8-a569-ada13d0ae5ad/</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.25223/brad.n38.2020.a23</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">69b0526e-7e3a-401d-8bea-b8a2541c1f36</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7871696" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7871696" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D2FB250D6316397920F97EFE7AE5DC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D2FB250D6316397920F97EFE7AE5DC" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="250" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
<subSubSection box="[106,317,1704,1726]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="1.[106,665,1704,1754]" box="[106,317,1704,1726]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="C3GN" ID-ENA="1389494" authority="S. Lane" authorityName="S. Lane" box="[106,317,1704,1726]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canis">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[106,232,1704,1726]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Aloe canis</emphasis>
S.Lane
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="250" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="1.[106,665,1704,1754]" lastBlockId="1.[711,1270,1003,1753]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
<taxonomicName box="[144,256,1732,1754]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canis">
<emphasis box="[144,256,1732,1754]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Aloe canis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was discovered by one of us (TPC-B) in the 1970s on the northern slopes of the Senga Hills near Senga at the shore of Lake Malawi (Salima District, Central Province;
<figureCitation box="[1116,1212,1059,1081]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[106,186,1283,1305]" captionTargetBox="[106,665,106,1268]" captionTargetId="figure-1255@1.[107,664,107,1267]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of three Aloe species rare in Malawi: 1) A. canis (yellow dots, a = Senga Hills; b = inland from Domira Bay; c = Ntchisi Hills; Central Region); 2) A. lateritia var. lateritia (blue dot = near Ipenza, two records; Northern Region); and 3) A. suffulta (red dot = Mwabvi Wildlife Reserve; Southern Region). Placements of the dots are partly approximations. The map insert shows the position of Malawi (red) in Africa (map: Wikimedia Commons 2019; insert map: mapsof.net 2015)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7871700" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7871700/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Figure 1</figureCitation>
: 1a). He collected two living plants that were at first thought to represent
<taxonomicName box="[939,1076,1115,1136]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cameronii">
<emphasis box="[939,1076,1115,1136]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">A. cameronii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and observed two further plants on fairly level rocky ground somewhat inland from Domira Bay northwest of Senga (
<figureCitation box="[798,896,1199,1221]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[106,186,1283,1305]" captionTargetBox="[106,665,106,1268]" captionTargetId="figure-1255@1.[107,664,107,1267]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of three Aloe species rare in Malawi: 1) A. canis (yellow dots, a = Senga Hills; b = inland from Domira Bay; c = Ntchisi Hills; Central Region); 2) A. lateritia var. lateritia (blue dot = near Ipenza, two records; Northern Region); and 3) A. suffulta (red dot = Mwabvi Wildlife Reserve; Southern Region). Placements of the dots are partly approximations. The map insert shows the position of Malawi (red) in Africa (map: Wikimedia Commons 2019; insert map: mapsof.net 2015)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7871700" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7871700/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Figure 1</figureCitation>
: 1b), and a single further plant adjacent to a small, dry, seasonal riverbed on a slope of the Ntchisi Hills (
<figureCitation box="[989,1080,1255,1277]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[106,186,1283,1305]" captionTargetBox="[106,665,106,1268]" captionTargetId="figure-1255@1.[107,664,107,1267]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of three Aloe species rare in Malawi: 1) A. canis (yellow dots, a = Senga Hills; b = inland from Domira Bay; c = Ntchisi Hills; Central Region); 2) A. lateritia var. lateritia (blue dot = near Ipenza, two records; Northern Region); and 3) A. suffulta (red dot = Mwabvi Wildlife Reserve; Southern Region). Placements of the dots are partly approximations. The map insert shows the position of Malawi (red) in Africa (map: Wikimedia Commons 2019; insert map: mapsof.net 2015)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7871700" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7871700/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Figure 1</figureCitation>
: 1c). The identity of plants observed at a distance with a pair of standard binoculars on the escarpment of the Angoni highlands remains uncertain (
<bibRefCitation author="CAMPBELL-BARKER, T. P." firstAuthor="Campbell-Barker" journalOrPublisher="The Society of Malawi Journal" page="21 - 22" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" pagination="20 - 27" part="65" refId="ref4170" refString="CAMPBELL-BARKER, T. P. (2012). Notes on Aloe canis - a new species found in Malawi. The Society of Malawi Journal 65 (1): 20 - 27." title="Notes on Aloe canis - a new species found in Malawi" type="journal article" year="2012">Campbell-Barker, 2012: 21–22</bibRefCitation>
). Campbell-Barker cultivated the two living plants for many years in Blantyre (the largest city in Malawi;
<figureCitation box="[1008,1111,1423,1445]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="1.[711,790,892,914]" captionTargetBox="[711,1270,106,884]" captionTargetId="figure-1677@1.[712,1269,107,883]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 2. One of the two original plants of Aloe canis, flowering in cultivation in Blantyre, Malawi. Drawing: Pastor Theo Peter Campbell-Barker." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7871698" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7871698/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Figures 2</figureCitation>
&amp; 3). After his return to England, the plants came into the possession of Reverend Stewart Lane at Limbe, Malawi, who noted their distinctness and described the taxon as a new species
<taxonomicName box="[1014,1103,1535,1556]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canis">
<emphasis box="[1014,1103,1535,1556]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">A. canis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as “
<taxonomicName box="[1160,1246,1535,1556]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canii">
<emphasis box="[1160,1246,1535,1556]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">A. canii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”), the epithet alluding to Campbell-Barker (Latin
<emphasis box="[711,769,1591,1612]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">canis</emphasis>
= dog;
<bibRefCitation author="LANE, S. S." box="[848,971,1591,1612]" firstAuthor="Lane" journalOrPublisher="Aloe" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" pagination="72 - 73" part="38 (3 - 4)" refId="ref4628" refString="LANE, S. S. (2001). A new Aloe in Malawi. Aloe 38 (3 - 4): 72 - 73." title="A new Aloe in Malawi" type="journal article" year="2001">Lane, 2001</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="LANE, S. S. &amp; SMITH, G. F. &amp; STEYN, E. M. A." box="[984,1168,1591,1612]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lane" journalOrPublisher="Aloe" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" pagination="55" part="40" refId="ref4680" refString="LANE, S. S., SMITH, G. F. &amp; STEYN, E. M. A. (2003). Validation and amendment of the name Aloe canii. Aloe 40 (2): 55." title="Validation and amendment of the name Aloe canii" type="journal article" year="2003">
Lane
<emphasis box="[1047,1102,1591,1612]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">et al.</emphasis>
, 2003
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="1.[711,1270,1003,1753]" lastBlockId="2.[726,1285,1168,1750]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="249" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
When Lane left Malawi, one
<taxonomicName box="[1102,1198,1619,1640]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canis">
<emphasis box="[1102,1198,1619,1640]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">A. canis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
plant remained in the private garden of Ms Ruth Mthawanji, in Newlands, Blantyre, Malawi, and 50 seeds were distributed to a grower in South Africa which did not germinate and were likely of hybrid origin (G. Hayes, personal communication by e-mail on
<date box="[155,303,1196,1218]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" value="2015-06-16">16 June 2015</date>
and on
<date box="[393,579,1197,1218]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" value="2020-01-17">17 January 2020</date>
to one of us (
<collectionCode box="[169,199,1225,1246]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">JT</collectionCode>
)). The plant in the domestic garden of Mthawanji is still in cultivation (S. Lane, personal communication by e-mail on
<date box="[455,649,1281,1302]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" value="2020-01-10">10 January 2020</date>
to one of us (
<collectionCode box="[276,326,1309,1330]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">GFS</collectionCode>
)), which was confirmed by Mthawanji (personal communication by e-mail on
<date box="[121,314,1364,1386]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" value="2020-01-16">16 January 2020</date>
to one of us (
<collectionCode box="[474,524,1365,1386]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">GFS</collectionCode>
)). Mthawanji noted that the plant was indeed given to her by Reverend Lane some 20 years ago (i.e.,
<emphasis box="[575,600,1421,1442]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">ca</emphasis>
. early-2000s) and that it has flowered regularly (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="2.[726,806,1028,1050]" captionTargetBox="[718,1285,106,1015]" captionTargetId="figure-1878@2.[727,1284,107,1015]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 4. The specimen of Aloe canis that Ms Ruth Mthawanji received from Reverend Stewart Lane in the early-2000s photographed in Blantyre, Malawi, in 2015. Photograph: R. Mthawanji." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7871706" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7871706/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Figures 4</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation box="[175,188,1476,1498]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="3.[106,185,851,873]" captionTargetBox="[106,665,106,840]" captionTargetId="figure-2126@3.[107,664,107,839]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 5. Panicle of the specimen of Aloe canis that Ms Ruth Mthawanji received from Reverend Stewart Lane photographed in Blantyre, Malawi, in 2019. Photograph: R. Mthawanji." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7871712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7871712/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">5</figureCitation>
) but has not produced fertile seed so far, likely because the species is self-sterile, as are most aloes and their generic kin. The plant does not produce suckers and it has not been possible to propagate it vegetatively. Lane (personal communication by e-mail on
<date box="[269,458,1616,1638]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" value="2020-01-16">16 January 2020</date>
to one of us (
<collectionCode box="[614,664,1617,1638]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">GFS</collectionCode>
)) notes that Mthawanji’s propagation experience with
<taxonomicName box="[177,265,1673,1694]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canis">
<emphasis box="[177,265,1673,1694]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">A. canis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is congruent with what he found, i.e., that the specimen he gave to Mthawanji, and likely the species in general, does not produce suckers and no or almost no viable seed, at least when not cross fertilised. His only success at propagating the species was by cutting the stem off, which resulted in the development of a few sprouts at the cut.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7871702" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7871702" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7871702/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" startId="2.[121,136,1029,1050]" targetBox="[120,686,106,1015]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph blockId="2.[121,681,1028,1130]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
F
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,222,1028,1050]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">igure 3.</emphasis>
Raceme of one of the two originally collected plants of
<taxonomicName box="[222,330,1055,1077]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canis">
<emphasis box="[222,330,1055,1077]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Aloe canis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
flowering in cultivation in Blantyre, Malawi.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7871706" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7871706" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7871706/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" startId="2.[726,806,1028,1050]" targetBox="[718,1285,106,1015]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph blockId="2.[726,1285,1028,1130]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[726,833,1028,1050]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Figure 4.</emphasis>
The specimen of
<taxonomicName box="[1023,1131,1028,1050]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canis">
<emphasis box="[1023,1131,1028,1050]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Aloe canis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that Ms Ruth Mthawanji received from Reverend Stewart Lane in the early-2000s photographed in Blantyre, Malawi, in 2015. Photograph: R. Mthawanji.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="2.[121,681,1028,1130]" box="[162,680,1108,1130]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Photograph: Pastor Theo Peter Campbell-Barker.</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="2.[726,1285,1168,1750]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
The stem height, given by
<bibRefCitation author="LANE, S. S." box="[1058,1190,1281,1302]" firstAuthor="Lane" journalOrPublisher="Aloe" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" pagination="72 - 73" part="38 (3 - 4)" refId="ref4628" refString="LANE, S. S. (2001). A new Aloe in Malawi. Aloe 38 (3 - 4): 72 - 73." title="A new Aloe in Malawi" type="journal article" year="2001">Lane (2001)</bibRefCitation>
as up to
<quantity box="[726,780,1308,1330]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" unit="m" value="2.5">2.5m</quantity>
, should be corrected to about
<quantity box="[1104,1158,1308,1330]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" unit="m" value="1.5">1.5m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation author="CAMPBELL-BARKER, T. P." firstAuthor="Campbell-Barker" journalOrPublisher="The Society of Malawi Journal" page="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" pagination="20 - 27" part="65" refId="ref4170" refString="CAMPBELL-BARKER, T. P. (2012). Notes on Aloe canis - a new species found in Malawi. The Society of Malawi Journal 65 (1): 20 - 27." title="Notes on Aloe canis - a new species found in Malawi" type="journal article" year="2012">Campbell-Barker, 2012: 25</bibRefCitation>
). In habitat, it appeared that some of the single-stemmed plants had wounds on the stem indicating that offsets may have been removed (
<bibRefCitation author="CAMPBELL-BARKER, T. P." box="[835,1135,1420,1442]" firstAuthor="Campbell-Barker" journalOrPublisher="The Society of Malawi Journal" page="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" pagination="20 - 27" part="65" refId="ref4170" refString="CAMPBELL-BARKER, T. P. (2012). Notes on Aloe canis - a new species found in Malawi. The Society of Malawi Journal 65 (1): 20 - 27." title="Notes on Aloe canis - a new species found in Malawi" type="journal article" year="2012">Campbell-Barker, 2012: 21</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[726,1285,1168,1750]" lastBlockId="3.[106,666,994,1520]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="250" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
The distribution area of
<taxonomicName box="[1033,1121,1449,1470]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canis">
<emphasis box="[1033,1121,1449,1470]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">A. canis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Malawi has been virtually denuded of all plants of
<taxonomicName authority="(Lane, 2004: 38)" baseAuthorityName="Lane" baseAuthorityPageNumber="38" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[1159,1207,1476,1497]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1159,1207,1476,1497]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Aloe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="LANE, S. S." firstAuthor="Lane" journalOrPublisher="Umdaus Press, Hatfield" page="38" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" refId="ref4656" refString="LANE, S. S. (2004). A field guide to the aloes of Malawi. Umdaus Press, Hatfield." title="A field guide to the aloes of Malawi" type="book" year="2004">Lane, 2004: 38</bibRefCitation>
); these were collected for various uses by the local inhabitants, especially as an ineffective treatment of AIDS by traditional healers (“singangas” in the local language;
<bibRefCitation author="CAMPBELL-BARKER, T. P." firstAuthor="Campbell-Barker" journalOrPublisher="The Society of Malawi Journal" page="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" pagination="20 - 27" part="65" refId="ref4170" refString="CAMPBELL-BARKER, T. P. (2012). Notes on Aloe canis - a new species found in Malawi. The Society of Malawi Journal 65 (1): 20 - 27." title="Notes on Aloe canis - a new species found in Malawi" type="journal article" year="2012">Campbell-Barker, 2012: 26</bibRefCitation>
). One of us (
<collectionCode box="[1043,1072,1617,1638]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">JT</collectionCode>
) explored the westernmost of the Senga Hills on
<date box="[1076,1232,1644,1666]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" value="1991-04-20">20 April 1991</date>
, but did not find any plants of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lane" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[1025,1073,1672,1693]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1025,1073,1672,1693]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Aloe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="THIEDE, J." box="[1090,1278,1672,1694]" firstAuthor="Thiede" journalOrPublisher="Sansevieria Journal" page="31" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" pagination="27 - 31" part="2" refId="ref5016" refString="THIEDE, J. (1993). Notes on the Sansevieria species of Malawi. Sansevieria Journal 2: 27 - 31, 3: 51 - 52." title="Notes on the Sansevieria species of Malawi" type="journal article" year="1993">Thiede, 1993: 31</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="THIEDE, J. &amp; CAMPBELL-BARKER, T. P." box="[726,1128,1700,1722]" firstAuthor="Thiede" journalOrPublisher="Bradleya" page="29" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" pagination="27 - 33" part="33" refId="ref5046" refString="THIEDE, J. &amp; CAMPBELL-BARKER, T. P. (2015). Sansevieria burdettii (Asparagaceae / Dracaenaceae): its history, introduction and distribution, with new localities. Bradleya 33: 27 - 33." title="Sansevieria burdettii (Asparagaceae / Dracaenaceae): its history, introduction and distribution, with new localities" type="journal article" year="2015">Thiede &amp; Campbell-Barker, 2015: 29</bibRefCitation>
). All attempts by several people to relocate the species failed and it is thought to now be extinct in the wild in Malawi (
<bibRefCitation author="LANE, S. S." box="[114,321,1022,1043]" firstAuthor="Lane" journalOrPublisher="Umdaus Press, Hatfield" page="38 - 39" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" refId="ref4656" refString="LANE, S. S. (2004). A field guide to the aloes of Malawi. Umdaus Press, Hatfield." title="A field guide to the aloes of Malawi" type="book" year="2004">Lane, 2004: 38–39</bibRefCitation>
). Recently what appears to be the same species has been found in Mozambique just across Lake Malawi from its [possibly] former location in Malawi (S. Lane, personal communication by e-mail on
<date box="[318,515,1134,1155]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" value="2020-01-10">10 January 2020</date>
to one of us (
<collectionCode box="[114,164,1162,1183]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">GFS</collectionCode>
)).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7871708" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7871708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7871708/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" startId="3.[711,791,791,813]" targetBox="[711,1270,106,778]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph blockId="3.[711,1270,791,971]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[711,820,791,813]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Figure 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="var. lateritia" box="[830,1121,791,812]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="lateritia" variety="lateritia">
<emphasis box="[830,973,791,812]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Aloe lateritia</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis box="[1034,1121,791,812]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">lateritia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in habitat in northernmost Malawi at Ipenza Village in July 1968. The spotted leaves can reach a length of 45cm (18’’), but grow much longer in cultivation when irrigated throughout the year (
<bibRefCitation author="HARGREAVES, B. J." box="[930,1148,896,918]" firstAuthor="Hargreaves" journalOrPublisher="Cactus and Succulent Journal (US)" page="92" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" pagination="86 - 104" part="Suppl. Vol. 1975" refId="ref4454" refString="HARGREAVES, B. J. (1975). Succulents of Chitipa - the muddy place. Cactus and Succulent Journal (US) Suppl. Vol. 1975: 86 - 104 [text reprinted in The Society of Malawi Journal 30 (1): 28 - 34, 1977)." title="Succulents of Chitipa - the muddy place" type="journal article" year="1975">Hargreaves, 1975: 92</bibRefCitation>
) (published earlier in
<bibRefCitation author="HARGREAVES, B. J." box="[814,998,923,945]" firstAuthor="Hargreaves" journalOrPublisher="Cactus and Succulent Journal (US)" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" pagination="86 - 104" part="Suppl. Vol. 1975" refId="ref4454" refString="HARGREAVES, B. J. (1975). Succulents of Chitipa - the muddy place. Cactus and Succulent Journal (US) Suppl. Vol. 1975: 86 - 104 [text reprinted in The Society of Malawi Journal 30 (1): 28 - 34, 1977)." title="Succulents of Chitipa - the muddy place" type="journal article" year="1975">Hargreaves, 1975</bibRefCitation>
: Figure 4).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7871712" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7871712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7871712/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" startId="3.[106,185,851,873]" targetBox="[106,665,106,840]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph blockId="3.[106,666,851,952]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[106,212,851,873]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Figure 5.</emphasis>
Panicle of the specimen of
<taxonomicName box="[506,614,851,872]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canis">
<emphasis box="[506,614,851,872]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Aloe canis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that Ms Ruth Mthawanji received from Reverend Stewart Lane photographed in Blantyre, Malawi, in 2019.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[106,666,851,952]" box="[381,665,930,952]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Photograph: R. Mthawanji.</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="3.[711,1270,791,971]" box="[914,1270,949,971]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Photograph: Bruce J. Hargreaves.</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="3.[106,666,994,1520]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
<taxonomicName box="[144,253,1190,1211]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canis">
<emphasis box="[144,253,1190,1211]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Aloe canis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was first considered to be a variant of
<taxonomicName box="[106,244,1218,1239]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cameronii">
<emphasis box="[106,244,1218,1239]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">A. cameronii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which it resembles, but it is generally larger, usually single-stemmed, and has denser rosettes with a few scattered maculations on both leaf surfaces near the leaf base (
<bibRefCitation author="CARTER, S. &amp; LAVRANOS, J. J. &amp; NEWTON, L. E. &amp; WALKER, C. C." etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Carter" journalOrPublisher="Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew / British Cactus &amp; Succulent Society" page="637" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" refId="ref4282" refString="CARTER, S., LAVRANOS, J. J., NEWTON, L. E. &amp; WALKER, C. C. (2011). Aloes: The definitive guide. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew / British Cactus &amp; Succulent Society." title="Aloes: The definitive guide" type="book" year="2011">
Carter
<emphasis box="[539,586,1302,1323]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">et al</emphasis>
., 2011: 637
</bibRefCitation>
); it might well have arisen as a spontaneous natural hybrid [or allopolyploid; JT] involving
<taxonomicName box="[106,249,1386,1407]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cameronii">
<emphasis box="[106,249,1386,1407]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">A. cameronii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and a second species (Hayes, 2015). The
<typeStatus box="[154,202,1414,1435]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">type</typeStatus>
of the name
<taxonomicName authority=", Lane" authorityName="Lane" box="[340,449,1414,1435]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canis">
<emphasis box="[340,449,1414,1435]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Aloe canis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis box="[461,534,1414,1435]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Lane 1</emphasis>
, is recorded as deposited at Herb.
<collectionCode box="[362,418,1442,1463]" collectionName="MAL" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">MAL</collectionCode>
(
<typeStatus box="[436,532,1442,1464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">holotype</typeStatus>
) and Herb.
<collectionCode box="[106,157,1470,1491]" collectionName="PRE" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">PRE</collectionCode>
(isotype). Neither of these specimens is available for examination online.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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