<documentid="15DB960102DE6764ED15FA00E73662B9"ID-CLB-Dataset="298351"ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2024.935.2561"ID-GBIF-Dataset="2645671c-4040-463b-9476-4c3c7f9759dc"ID-ISSN="2118-9773"ID-Zenodo-Dep="11545241"ID-ZooBank="D03E86F1-83F2-4700-B346-E4F23BB27D65"IM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin"IM.illustrations_approvedBy="admin"IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar"IM.metadata_approvedBy="valdenar"IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch"IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin"IM.treatments_approvedBy="admin"checkinTime="1718010756174"checkinUser="plazi"docAuthor="Prajapat, Vaishali, Villalobos-Guerrero, Tulio F. & Vachhrajani, Kauresh D."docDate="2024"docId="03EC87F4FFDAAF421484FA1DFAED932D"docLanguage="en"docName="EJT.2024.935.256-282.pdf"docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 935"docSource="https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2561/11615"docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1"docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911"docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1"docStyleVersion="14"docTitle="Perinereis misrai Prajapat, Villalobos-Guerrero & Vachhrajani 2024, sp. nov."docType="treatment"docVersion="9"lastPageNumber="274"masterDocId="FFD5FF8CFFD7AF501604FF87FFD69014"masterDocTitle="Two new species of Perinereis Kinberg, 1865 (Annelida: Nereididae) from the rocky shore of Maharashtra, India, including notes and an identification key to Group 1"masterLastPageNumber="282"masterPageNumber="256"pageNumber="269"updateTime="1718213526538"updateUser="ExternalLinkService"zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0"zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0"zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:titleid="B81710EA4A9EE19FB8B30F692B8523F7">Two new species of Perinereis Kinberg, 1865 (Annelida: Nereididae) from the rocky shore of Maharashtra, India, including notes and an identification key to Group 1</mods:title>
<mods:affiliationid="518E1F33A709776262F8E1B4C2598315">Marine Biodiversity and Ecology Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="EC693D05A54DBA67F3798E530ABD9912">Department of Marine Ecology, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="31BBB4EBC0B1D7DAAE939A0D3F0B717D">Marine Biodiversity and Ecology Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.</mods:affiliation>
<taxonomicNameid="4C454D61FFDAAF5D1484FA1DFC8495A0"authority="Prajapat, Villalobos-Guerrero & Vachhrajani 2024"authorityName="Prajapat, Villalobos-Guerrero & Vachhrajani"authorityYear="2024"box="[640,850,1434,1460]"class="Polychaeta"family="Nereididae"genus="Perinereis"kingdom="Animalia"order="Phyllodocida"pageId="13"pageNumber="269"phylum="Annelida"rank="species"species="misrai"status="sp. nov.">
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFDAAF5D14C1FA66FCDD95EF"box="[709,779,1505,1531]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="13"pageNumber="269">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitationid="C6C70359FFDAAF5D151CFA66FCB995EF"box="[792,879,1505,1531]"captionStart="Table 1"captionStartId="20.[185,255,541,569]"captionTargetBox="[193,1928,942,1742]"captionTargetPageId="20"captionText="Table 1 (continued on next page). Comparison of features of all valid species of Perinereis Kinberg, 1865 currently regarded in Group 1. Subgroups (SG) are based on Hutchings et al. (1991), with some modifications or updates (1A and 1B), including those with unknown dorsal ligule conditions in posterior parapodia (1U). Species information is taken from original descriptions, redescriptions, specimens featured from (near) type localities, or this study. Features: longest tentacular cirri extending to chaetiger number (TC length); teeth in jaws (jaws); paragnaths of areas I, II, III (presence of laterally isolated groups, Latl.), IV (presence of bars in addition to cones, bars), V, and VII–VIII (presence of paragnaths on ridges of anterior row, ridges); form of bar-shaped paragnaths (type) and presence of conical paragnaths (cones) in area VI; ridge pattern of areas VI–V–VI (RidgeP); size of dorsal ligule in posterior chaetigers (DL-Post); length of dorsal cirrus in comparison with distal region of dorsal ligule in middle parapodia (DC/ DDL); occurrence of notopodial prechaetal (PrL), neuropodial postchaetal (PostL) and neuropodial superior (SupL) lobes; presence of homogomph spinigers in subacicular neurochaetae (Sb-HoS). a = absent; HRW = sensu Hutchings et al., 1991; p = present;? = unknown features or values; No. = total number."httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3A666AFFC3AF4416BDFD9AFEB99362"pageId="13"pageNumber="269"tableUuid="DF3A666AFFC3AF4416BDFD9AFEB99362">Table 1</tableCitation>
<paragraphid="8BFA36E2FFDAAF5D16B9F9D6FAA396EC"blockId="13.[189,1398,1617,1784]"pageId="13"pageNumber="269">Species of subgroup 1A. Specimens with crescent-shaped bars on area VI; areas VI–V–VI ridge pattern π-shaped; area III with laterally isolated paragnaths; areas VII–VIII with anterior band of paragnaths consisting of one row; distal region of dorsal ligule anteriorly bluntly conical, becoming posteriorly slightly shorter; dorsal cirri longer than distal region of dorsal ligule on all chaetigers; falcigers with camerated shaft divided into two partitions; postero-dorsal tentacular cirri extending to chaetiger 6–11.</paragraph>
<materialsCitationid="3B2D3CBFFFD9AF5E16EEFEB0FC929183"ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4875696301"collectedFrom="rocky shore"collectingDate="2023-05-11"collectionCode="V"collectorName="V. Prajapat & K. Vachhrajani"country="India"latitude="18.955"location="Mumbai"longLatPrecision="1"longitude="72.79528"municipality="Malabar Hill"pageId="14"pageNumber="270"specimenCode="MSUB-ZL-AN-PCh-06"specimenCount="1"typeStatus="holotype">
<materialsCitationid="3B2D3CBFFFD9AF5E16EEFE38FAA591E8"ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4875696304"collectedFrom="rocky shore"collectingDate="2023-05-11"collectionCode="V"collectorName="Prajapat & K. Vachhrajani"country="India"latitude="18.955973"location="INDIA"longLatPrecision="1"longitude="72.79581"municipality="Malabar Hill"pageId="14"pageNumber="270"specimenCode="ZSI-WRC ANN/27"specimenCount="5"typeStatus="paratype">
. Atoke, complete, in good condition, 57 (42−79) mm TL, 7 (3.9−7.2) mm L10, 1.5 (1.5−2.2) mm W10, and 122 (85−128) chaetigers. Body color brownish (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD9AF5E12E6FDF2FAFC929B"box="[1250,1322,629,655]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="14"pageNumber="270">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
A−B); dorsum of prostomium, anterior surface of cirrophores of tentacular cirri, and first four anterior segments with brown pigmentation, reducing intensity in next few segments.
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD9AF5E140EFD7AFDBE9303"box="[522,616,765,791]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="14"pageNumber="270">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
); anterior region distally entire, sub-quadrangular, slightly longer than posterior region; anterolateral gap between antenna and palpophore wide, 1.3 × as wide as basal diameter of antennae. Nuchal organs deeply embedded, slightly oblique, 1.5 × as wide as posterior pair of eyes.
. Sub-conical, thick, 1.3 × as long as wide, as long as entire prostomium; sub-distal transverse groove distinct (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD9AF5E17FEFC4CFD8093F1"box="[506,598,971,997]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="14"pageNumber="270">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
). Palpostyles oval, one-third as wide as diameter of palpophore.
. Tapered, conical, long as long as anterior region of prostomium (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD9AF5E124CFB8AFB739433"box="[1096,1189,1037,1063]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="14"pageNumber="270">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
); antennae nearly joined, gap one-third as wide as basal diameter of antennae.
. Paired, in sub-rectangular arrangement, blackish (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD9AF5E1548FBF6FC7E949F"box="[844,936,1137,1163]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="14"pageNumber="270">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
); gap between both pairs three-quarters as wide as diameter of posterior pair. Anterior pair oval, with eye diameter slightly wider than that of antennae, with gap between eyes 4 × as wide as eye diameter; lenses visible, whitish, oval, placed anterolaterally, covering about 40% of eye. Posterior pair oval, with diameter as wide as that of antennae, not covered by tentacular belt; lenses visible, whitish, oval, placed centrally, covering about 40% of eye.
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD9AF5E1414FA23FDA695AA"box="[528,624,1444,1470]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="14"pageNumber="270">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
). Antero-dorsal cirri extending posteriorly to chaetiger 4 (3–4). Anteroventral cirri slightly longer than palpophore, as wide and long as posteroventral cirri. Posterodorsal cirri longest, extending posteriorly to chaetiger 6 (5−11). Posteroventral cirri extending over half of prostomial posterior region. Dorsal cirrophores of tentacular cirri cylindrical; posterodorsal cirrophores 1.5 × as long as wide, slightly longer than anterodorsal cirrophores. Ventral cirrophores ring-shaped; posteroventral cirrophores shortest and narrowest, three-quarters as wide as anteroventral cirrophores.
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD9AF5E17BDF911FDD496A4"box="[441,514,1686,1712]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="14"pageNumber="270">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
B−C), with maxillary and oral rings cylindrical, wider than long. Jaws denticulate, dark brown amber, 8 (7−8) short, with blunt tips (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD9AF5E159CF93EFC2196C7"box="[920,1015,1721,1747]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="14"pageNumber="270">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
); inner margin of fang curved; 2 canals emerging from pulp cavity (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD9AF5E1465F95BFD1796E2"box="[609,705,1756,1782]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="14"pageNumber="270">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
). Paragnaths dark brown on both maxillary and oral rings (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD9AF5E16CCF978FED9970D"box="[200,271,1791,1817]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="14"pageNumber="270">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
B−C); consisting of uniform-base cones, except crescent-shaped bars on area
<collectionCodeid="ED54AE27FFD9AF5E12D0F887FB20970E"box="[1236,1270,1792,1818]"country="Norway"name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute"pageId="14"pageNumber="270">VI</collectionCode>
; plate-like basements absent. Area I: 1 (1−2), sole cone or sometimes two in longitudinal line (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD9AF5E12A0F8A5FAD79729"box="[1188,1281,1826,1853]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="14"pageNumber="270">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
(right): 8 (4−7), two or three irregular rows of uneven cones in small triangular patch, inner cones thicker and longer (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD9AF5E1434F8EEFD5A9797"box="[560,652,1897,1923]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="14"pageNumber="270">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
: 10 (10−11), two (or three) slightly regular transverse rows of uneven cones in rectangular patch, distal cones smaller, with 2 (1−2) isolated lateral paragnaths, distal one much smaller (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD9AF5E17F7F828FD8297DD"box="[499,596,1967,1993]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="14"pageNumber="270">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
(right): 10 (9−11), two (or three) irregular rows of uneven cones in slightly crescent patch (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F1573FE8EFC039137"box="[887,981,265,291]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
). Area
<collectionCodeid="ED54AE27FFD8AF5F1229FE8EFB929137"box="[1069,1092,265,291]"country="Canada"lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946"name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium"pageId="15"pageNumber="271"type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
: 3 (3−4), triangular patch of even cones, two proximal cones in transverse row and single distal cone (sometimes almost linear patch) (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F171DFEC8FEA0917D"box="[281,374,335,361]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
). Areas
<collectionCodeid="ED54AE27FFD8AF5F17DCFED7FE21917E"box="[472,503,336,362]"country="Norway"name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">VI</collectionCode>
(left): 1,
<collectionCodeid="ED54AE27FFD8AF5F146CFED7FD51917E"box="[616,647,336,362]"country="Norway"name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">VI</collectionCode>
(right): 1, transverse crescent-shaped bar (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F1287FEC8FB36917D"box="[1155,1248,335,361]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
). Areas VIIVIII: 26 (22–26), paragnaths in two well-separated anterior and posterior bands of even cones; anterior band consisting of one (furrow) transverse row, one single cone on each furrow; posterior band with two (furrow and ridge) transverse rows slightly displaced from each other, furrow row proximal with one cone on each region, ridge row distal with one or two cones on regions A and B, and one cone in remaining regions (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F17A5FE78FE2A920D"box="[417,508,511,537]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
). Ridges of areas
<collectionCodeid="ED54AE27FFD8AF5F14CDFD87FD3E920E"box="[713,744,512,538]"country="Norway"name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">VI</collectionCode>
–
<collectionCodeid="ED54AE27FFD8AF5F14F3FD87FCDA920E"box="[759,780,512,538]"country="Canada"lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946"name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium"pageId="15"pageNumber="271"type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
–
<collectionCodeid="ED54AE27FFD8AF5F151FFD87FCEC920E"box="[795,826,512,538]"country="Norway"name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">VI</collectionCode>
with π -shaped pattern. Gap between area
<collectionCodeid="ED54AE27FFD8AF5F1323FD87FA90920E"box="[1319,1350,512,538]"country="Norway"name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">VI</collectionCode>
broad, as wide as palpophore width. Paired oesophageal caeca present (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F12B3FDA5FAC49229"box="[1207,1298,546,573]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
. Consisting of dorsal cirrus, dorsal ligule (distal and proximal regions), and median ligule in biramous parapodia; notopodial prechaetal lobe absent.
. Cirriform, longer than proximal region of dorsal ligule and extending beyond distal region of dorsal ligule in all chaetigers (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F1446FD6BFD149312"box="[578,706,748,774]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3F–H</figureCitation>
); 1.5 × as long as distal region of dorsal ligule throughout, except 2–2.5 × longer in posteriormost chaetigers (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F152DFC88FC56933D"box="[809,896,783,809]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3J</figureCitation>
); attached to one-third of dorsal ligule in anterior chaetigers (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F17A1FCB5FDD59358"box="[421,515,818,844]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3G</figureCitation>
), medially in middle chaetigers (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F1585FCB5FC099358"box="[897,991,818,844]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3H</figureCitation>
), two-thirds in posterior chaetigers (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F16C1FCD2FEC09364"box="[197,278,853,880]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3I</figureCitation>
), three-quarters in posteriormost chaetigers (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F1521FCD2FCAF9364"box="[805,889,853,880]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3J</figureCitation>
. Distal region longer than proximal region in anterior chaetigers (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F1275FC10FB6593A5"box="[1137,1203,919,945]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
F−G), becoming shorter than proximal one towards posterior end,
as long as proximal region in posteriormost chaetigers (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F16C7FC5AFECA93E3"box="[195,284,989,1015]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3J</figureCitation>
). Proximal region compressed in anterior and middle chaetigers (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F1237FC5AFBAC93E3"box="[1075,1146,989,1015]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
G−H), distended and sub-oval in following chaetigers (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F1440FB87FD51940F"box="[580,647,1024,1051]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
I−J); one prominent ovoid and one irregular patch of dark brown glands in all chaetigers, covering ¾ of ligule area (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F1503FBA3FC40942A"box="[775,918,1060,1086]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3G, I–J</figureCitation>
). Distal region becoming shorter towards posterior end (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F176DFBC0FE3F9475"box="[361,489,1095,1121]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3F–H</figureCitation>
); bluntly conical in anteriormost and anterior chaetigers (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F1291FBC0FB239475"box="[1173,1269,1095,1121]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3G</figureCitation>
), narrowly fusiform in middle chaetigers (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F1423FBEDFD559490"box="[551,643,1130,1156]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3H</figureCitation>
), conical in following chaetigers (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F1214FBEDFB859490"box="[1040,1107,1130,1156]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
I−J); subequal to median ligule in most chaetigers, slightly longer in posteriormost chaetigers.
. Well developed and long throughout body, bluntly conical in anterior and middle chaetigers (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F1740FB75FE5E9518"box="[324,392,1266,1292]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
G−H), becoming slightly narrower and acuminate in following chaetigers (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F12FCFB75FAEB9518"box="[1272,1341,1266,1292]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
. Consisting of neuroacicular ligule with superior and inferior lobes, ventral ligule, and ventral cirrus; postchaetal lobe reduced throughout (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F1526FAD1FC409565"box="[802,918,1366,1393]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3F–J</figureCitation>
. Sub-rectangular throughout, truncate in anterior and middle chaetigers, becoming sub-rounded in following chaetigers; shorter than ventral ligule in most chaetigers (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F1309FA3CFF1F95EC"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3G– I</figureCitation>
), subequal to ligule in posteriormost chaetigers (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F1513FA59FCBB95EC"box="[791,877,1502,1528]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3J</figureCitation>
); neuroacicular ligule 1.5–1.8 × as wide as ventral ligule in all chaetigers.
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F1400F9C4FD9D9649"box="[516,587,1603,1629]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
F−G), slightly longer than inferior lobe in anteriormost chaetigers, shorter in following chaetigers.
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F1405F92FFD9F96D6"box="[513,585,1704,1730]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
F−I), slightly longer than neuroacicular ligule in anteriormost and anterior chaetigers, subequal in following chaetigers.
. Well developed throughout, distinctly shorter than median ligule in all chaetigers (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFD8AF5F16C2F8A8FE95975E"box="[198,323,1839,1866]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="15"pageNumber="271">Fig. 3G–J</figureCitation>
); digitiform and thick in anteriormost chaetigers, bluntly conical in anterior chaetigers, becoming narrowly fusiform in following chaetigers.
. Long and slender throughout; subequal to ventral ligule in anteriormost chaetigers (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFC6AF4116C2FEABFECA9152"box="[198,284,300,326]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="17"pageNumber="273">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
), ⅔ as long as ligule in anterior chaetigers (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFC6AF41150FFEABFCBE9152"box="[779,872,300,326]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="17"pageNumber="273">Fig. 3G</figureCitation>
), half as long as ligule in following chaetigers (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFC6AF4116C2FEC8FEE9917D"box="[198,319,335,361]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="17"pageNumber="273">Fig. 3H–J</figureCitation>
. Mostly dark brown to black throughout. Notoaciculae absent in first 2 chaetigers (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFC6AF41130AFE16FABF91BF"box="[1294,1385,401,427]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="17"pageNumber="273">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
). Notoaciculae distinctly shorter than neuroaciculae throughout (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFC6AF41159EFE33FBC491DA"box="[922,1042,436,462]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="17"pageNumber="273">Fig. 3G–J</figureCitation>
). Neuroaciculae nearly as long as median ligule in anteriormost chaetigers, distinctly shorter in following chaetigers, ⅔ as long as ligule in anterior chaetigers, ½ as long as ligule in following chaetigers.
. Consisting of homogomph spinigers and heterogomph falcigers throughout; 3–4 spinigers present in anteriormost, anterior and middle chaetigers, 4–5 spinigers in following chaetigers; 3–4 falcigers present in anteriormost and anterior chaetigers, 5–7 falcigers in following chaetigers.
. Consisting of heterogomph spinigers and heterogomph falcigers throughout; 1–2 spinigers present in anteriormost chaetigers, 3–4 spinigers in anterior chaetigers, 1–2 spinigers in following chaetigers; 5–7 falcigers present in all chaetigers.
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFC6AF411207FC54FBB293F9"box="[1027,1124,979,1005]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="17"pageNumber="273">Fig. 3K</figureCitation>
) long, finely serrated, with teeth evenly spaced. Heterogomph falcigers tapering with pointed tip and even teeth; slender and medium length, straight, entirely serrated (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFC6AF4114A8FB9DFD3B9420"box="[684,749,1050,1076]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="17"pageNumber="273">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
L−M). Shaft of falcigers camerated, with cavity divided sub-distally into three distinct longitudinal partitions (
<figureCitationid="137E2A67FFC6AF411532FBBAFC4C9443"box="[822,922,1085,1111]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="16.[189,232,1716,1742]"captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1679]"captionTargetId="figure-12@16.[212,1375,265,1679]"captionTargetPageId="16"captionText="Fig. 3. Perinereis misrai sp. nov. from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A–C, F–N. Holotype (MSUB- ZL-AN-PCh-06), atoke. D–E. Paratype (ZSI-WRC ANN/27), atoke. A. Whole body in dorsal view. B. Anterior end and everted proboscis in dorsal view. C. Everted proboscis in ventral view. D. Left jaw in ventral view, arrows pointing to inner canals. E. Paired oesophageal caeca (arrows) in dorsal view. F–J. Parapodia in anterior view; numbers refer to the chaetiger. K. Heterogomph spiniger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 25). L. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial subacicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). M. Heterogomph falciger from neuropodial supracicular fascicle (chaetiger 61). Scale bars: A = 9 mm; B = 0.45 mm; C–D, N = 0.5 mm; E = 0.35 mm; F, J = 0.15 mm; G–I = 0.22 mm; K = 18 μm; L–M = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11545247"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11545247/files/figure.png"pageId="17"pageNumber="273">Fig. 3M</figureCitation>
. Number of total chaetigers: 85–128. Longest tentacular cirri extending to chaetiger 5–11 (mean 8–9). Jaws with 6–8 (mean 7) teeth. Number and pattern of paragnaths: area I: 1–2 (mean 1–2); area II: 4–8 (mean 5–6); area III: 10–11 (mean 10) in central patch, 1–2 cones isolated laterally; area IV: 8–11 (mean 9–10); area V: 3 (rarely 4); area VII–VIII: 22–26 (mean 23–25). Anal cirri as long as last 5–8 chaetigers.
<bibRefCitationid="EFD44B13FFC6AF4112D9F988FAAE963C"author="Monro"box="[1245,1400,1550,1577]"firstAuthor="Monro"pageId="17"pageNumber="273"pagination="487 - 509"refId="ref17860"refString="Monro C. C. A. 1933. Notes on a collection of Polychaeta from South Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 11 (64): 487 - 509. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933308673679"type="journal article"year="1933">Monro, 1933</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="EFD44B13FFC6AF41145AF9B6FD339658"author="Rioja"box="[606,741,1585,1612]"firstAuthor="Rioja"pageId="17"pageNumber="273"pagination="527 - 535"refId="ref18441"refString="Rioja E. 1947. Estudios Anelidologicos XIX. Observaciones sobres algunos nereidos de las costas de Mexico. Anales del Instituto de Biologia, Mexico 18: 527 - 535."type="journal article"year="1947">Rioja, 1947</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from the Mexican Pacific by having dorsal cirri distinctly projecting beyond the distal region of dorsal ligule in mid-body parapodia, neuropodial superior lobes, areas VI–V–VI ridge pattern π-shaped, and by lacking notopodial prechaetal lobes. However,
by the paragnath count in areas III, IV, V and VII–VIII, the laterally isolated groups of paragnaths in area III, and the number of rows in the anterior band of areas VII–VIII.
is the first species of the subgroup 1A originally described from the West and South Indian Shelf province and the third described from the Western Indo-Pacific realm (sensu
<bibRefCitationid="EFD44B13FFC5AF4216B9FEC8FE6E917E"author="Spalding"box="[189,440,335,362]"etAl="et al."firstAuthor="Spalding"pageId="18"pageNumber="274"pagination="573 - 583"refId="ref18781"refString="Spalding M. D., Fox H. E., Allen G. R., Davidson N., Ferdana Z. A., Finlayson M., Halpern B. S., Jorge M. A., Lombana A., Lourie S. A., Martin K. D., Mcmanus E., Molnar J., Recchia C. A. & Robertson J. 2007. Marine Ecoregions of the World: A Bioregionalization of Coastal and Shelf Areas. Bioscience 57: 573 - 583. https: // doi. org / 10.1641 / B 570707"type="journal article"year="2007">
<bibRefCitationid="EFD44B13FFC5AF4214CAFEC8FC7F917E"author="Mohammad"box="[718,937,335,362]"firstAuthor="Mohammad"pageId="18"pageNumber="274"pagination="285 - 303"refId="ref17720"refString="Mohammad M. B. M. 1971. Intertidal polychaetes from Kuwait, Arabian Gulf, with descriptions of three new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163: 285 - 303. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1971. tb 04536. x"type="journal article"year="1971">Mohammad, 1971</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicNameid="4C454D61FFC5AF4215ECFED7FF2D9199"authority="Bonyadi-Naeini et al., 2018"authorityName="Bonyadi-Naeini"authorityYear="2018"class="Polychaeta"family="Nereididae"genus="Perinereis"kingdom="Animalia"order="Phyllodocida"pageId="18"pageNumber="274"phylum="Annelida"rank="species"species="iranica">
<bibRefCitationid="EFD44B13FFC5AF42126EFEC8FF2D9199"author="Bonyadi-Naeini"etAl="et al."firstAuthor="Bonyadi-Naeini"pageId="18"pageNumber="274"pagination="1965 - 1976"refId="ref15989"refString="Bonyadi-Naeini A., Rastegar-Pouyani N., Rastegar-Pouyani E., Glasby J. C. & Rahimian H. 2018. Intertidal polychaetes from Abu Musa Island, Persian Gulf, with a new species from the Perinereis cultrifera species complex (Annelida: Nereididae). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 98 (8): 1965 - 1976. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315417001564"type="journal article"year="2018">
can be distinguished from these two species with biogeographic affinities by the size of dorsal and tentacular cirri, the number of paragnaths in several areas, and the occurrence of isolated groups of paragnaths in area III. In
<paragraphid="8BFA36E2FFC5AF4216B9FC98FAED932D"blockId="18.[189,1339,799,826]"box="[189,1339,799,826]"pageId="18"pageNumber="274">Specimens of this new species were found in the same habitat as the previous species (see above).</paragraph>
