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<document id="3763E23E38F3FD96CDE31E6980EE9574" ID-CLB-Dataset="7747" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4938.4.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c9ee5fe0-60c0-4b08-9dc2-3467b51a997a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4574948" ID-ZooBank="F3741DEB-5690-4BD4-9B98-18A4EA2A57CD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1614752491017" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sun, Jing, Jiang, Ji-Bao, Wu, Juzhen, Yuan, Zhu &amp; Qiu, Jiang-Ping" docDate="2021" docId="039E8793F335FFA16ACBF9EFFD347E8E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4938.4.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4938 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Amynthas rusticanus Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Wu &amp; Yuan &amp; Qiu 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="461" masterDocId="FFA7FFEBF334FFA46A5CFFCCFFAF7F07" masterDocTitle="Three new widely distributed and polymorphic species of Amynthas earthworms (Oligochaeta, Clitellata, Megascolecidae) from South China" masterLastPageNumber="474" masterPageNumber="457" pageNumber="458" updateTime="1698931910685" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="9B7D1960CEE7DF2F4F3E574C464E43BC" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="628F50C7774B3D493395568EA74F67A0">
<mods:title id="08E49C98BF692A2EC05073B57AE6AD7B">Three new widely distributed and polymorphic species of Amynthas earthworms (Oligochaeta, Clitellata, Megascolecidae) from South China</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="9D49D61F1ACFAC3FF619158B6841B6E6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="910FA5B0FB665B6EFAEBD3EC450F4632">
<mods:roleTerm id="BF38A996AE99130EA3CECD350C87A558">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="42856D6674B078B03213B0D9770938FC">Sun, Jing</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="705ECFDA8089D545B0A27F9368193BCD" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1326-1886</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="45E53BD276F68DB78950EBC0A5B232AD">School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu, 610031, China. &amp; sun _ jing. 2005 @ aliyun. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1326 - 1886</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="33C66730D67120A53D7536DAF1268649" type="email">sun_jing.2005@aliyun.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="7C77208E68E6EEFCA80B6320A702D321" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4813131682C43D97D31E92DD80BEED2E">
<mods:roleTerm id="27F44E055BA3CE22356D78EFF01F488B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="03BECB823E1725E4205BD060D19574EF">Jiang, Ji-Bao</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="508028ECA593193341B0EB47E0089DC6" type="ORCID">0000-0002-5137-6097</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="020E40C6A2727AB35FBD8B4C69CE8D42">School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China &amp; jibao @ sjtu. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5137 - 6097</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DDD65CD4057BDDA0E1E0606843CB84AE" type="email">jibao@sjtu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="B5B9451FE57F32C84A84BCD0DCE658DC" type="personal">
<mods:role id="98B086EC0AF1A7FD83134727A15DA57C">
<mods:roleTerm id="364BECE0AE829A0ABD74B65A92AA96AD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="895647DBC1279990BA15ECC215F5BC25">Wu, Juzhen</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5D2A5643A5297B4A74951A7F804995A6" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7002-8023</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="686FCDC9D9012C959486E912D50C0CBE">School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu, 610031, China. &amp; 403141272 @ qq. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7002 - 8023</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="876649E496388D4E82EF14BE8071DBF5" type="email">403141272@qq.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="16FB2787CF88E050B06F422594E0F7E3" type="personal">
<mods:role id="912A24D54AF87C296B38512E37886ADB">
<mods:roleTerm id="5286F1D5CDA945DE9F46E839759DB824">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="DFE8BD60708C27C5FE75750CB0F6C7ED">Yuan, Zhu</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1A8F2FD93E4E26CD596F6B22300A9171" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2631-6495</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="903F33672C0EF0C5658E192E228134F1">School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China &amp; zhuyuan 0452 @ jibao @ sjtu. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2631 - 6495</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7C245FB157C9BE75C7250A0A98D5FB92" type="email">jibao@sjtu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="1C8BDD6C38822C9BFAD8875A82C0BF2C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B8AD1C2915923F18A3E37E9DC56C909C">
<mods:roleTerm id="112DC339ABA519ECD891BB80DFA00F3C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="FCF1DC995F5A1BC3413524955F6DC86E">Qiu, Jiang-Ping</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A3895731BE83EE34415769DBA1FF227B">School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="1D49A3E65A73CFF6EE0A5EABF3ACCA2D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="40B75F3F36EBD5AD47850AF62B5956DA" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="0C0EAFA222871E0D077059EE49CADCCE">
<mods:title id="68E53E6B4EB6FE7D58922E8B7A89724C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="FF37785966ADFD72F7C59077115F3F96">
<mods:date id="6C70101A35DB0828915C9658C4A18EAA">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="7A2893F9A7C5B189A963AC8D71BC73AC" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="DFB345E68C5E7042006AD9C82ED11327">2021-03-02</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="B0BC4B661535C26F31B9AD20493E3FA5" type="volume">
<mods:number id="DA83B9247113D5663B2393861669243C">4938</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="F87CF42A44EED06DB9DA6CB22935F618" type="issue">
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<mods:classification id="4C134E46E7AFC69B325AF82DB2655048">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="12F11F7C29B22125D2D143A3837AA8EE" type="CLB-Dataset">7747</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BB0B13B6383F21A8AABD8FFC47077908" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4938.4.5</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="92DBA1A768FEC2BF5EAD7ABC22867675" type="GBIF-Dataset">c9ee5fe0-60c0-4b08-9dc2-3467b51a997a</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="14C58AB89B868EF30BCEC1C14C7CE01A" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BC22422C0313B7026DA6A97D040DE6D7" type="Zenodo-Dep">4574948</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A0E45486335E9E952CEAA0A312F5E35A" type="ZooBank">F3741DEB-5690-4BD4-9B98-18A4EA2A57CD</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="039E8793F335FFA16ACBF9EFFD347E8E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4605545" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180568835" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4605545" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039E8793F335FFA16ACBF9EFFD347E8E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E8793F335FFA16ACBF9EFFD347E8E" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="461" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">
<subSubSection id="C32D650EF335FFA56ACBF9EFFD3C7939" box="[151,659,1571,1598]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B883685F335FFA56ACBF9EFFD3C7939" blockId="1.[151,659,1571,1634]" box="[151,659,1571,1598]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">
<heading id="D0C081E9F335FFA56ACBF9EFFD3C7939" bold="true" box="[151,659,1571,1598]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F335FFA56ACBF9EFFD3C7939" bold="true" box="[151,659,1571,1598]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F335FFA56ACBF9EFFD87793A" authority="Sun &amp; Qiu" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Wu &amp; Yuan &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,552,1571,1598]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rusticanus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F335FFA56ACBF9EFFE37793A" bold="true" box="[151,408,1571,1598]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">Amynthas rusticanus</emphasis>
Sun &amp; Qiu
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27057ECF335FFA56869F9E8FD3C7939" box="[565,659,1572,1598]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32D650EF335FFA56ACBF984FF437965" box="[151,236,1608,1634]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B883685F335FFA56ACBF984FF437965" blockId="1.[151,659,1571,1634]" box="[151,236,1608,1634]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">
(
<figureCitation id="130C2A00F335FFA56AFCF984FF4C7965" box="[160,227,1608,1634]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1948,1972]" captionTargetBox="[248,1337,278,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-42@3.[236,1351,270,1922]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Amynthas rusticanus Sun &amp; Qiu sp. nov., holotype. (a) Ventral view showing spermathecal pores (sp) and male pores (mp); (b) do., prostate gland; (c) do., spermathecae. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574952" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574952/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32D650EF335FFA66ACBF95CFC717C12" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="459" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B883685F335FFA56ACBF95CFBED79F5" blockId="1.[151,1437,1679,2032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F335FFA56ACBF95CFE9079AE" bold="true" box="[151,319,1679,1706]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">Type material</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B5F3CD8F335FFA56B13F95CFBED79F5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3053067327" collectingDate="2011-07-20" collectorName="J. B. Jiang &amp; J. Sun &amp; X. D. Lei &amp; H. W. Feng" country="China" county="Mengla County" elevation="722" latitude="21.584167" location="Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="101.58278" municipality="One" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F335FFA56B13F95CFE1979AD" box="[335,438,1680,1706]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">
<typeStatus id="548C8827F335FFA56B13F95CFE1979AD" box="[335,438,1680,1706]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6BECACFFF335FFA56B9AF95CFE5A79AD" box="[454,501,1680,1706]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">One</collectingMunicipality>
clitellate specimen (C-YN201108-02A),
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F335FFA56997F95CFBBE79AD" box="[971,1041,1680,1706]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F3F867F335FFA56E41F95CFB4E79AD" box="[1053,1249,1680,1706]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EE8605EF335FFA56EB2F95CFE7879C9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039E8793F335FFA16ACBF9EFFD347E8E:8EE8605EF335FFA56EB2F95CFE7879C9" country="China" county="Mengla County" latitude="21.584167" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="101.58278" municipality="One" name="Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" stateProvince="Yunnan">Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture</location>
,
<collectingCounty id="62E94E09F335FFA56BB8F978FD3A79C9" box="[484,661,1716,1742]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">Mengla County</collectingCounty>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F335FFA568FAF979FC8179D7" box="[678,814,1717,1744]" degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" precision="15" seconds="03" value="21.584167">21°35ʹ03ʺN</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F335FFA56967F979FC6279D7" box="[827,973,1717,1744]" degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" precision="15" seconds="58" value="101.58278">101°34ʹ58ʺE</geoCoordinate>
),
<elevation id="001AD1B6F335FFA569BFF978FB7479C9" box="[995,1243,1716,1742]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.22" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" unit="m" value="722.0">
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F335FFA569BFF978FB8C79C9" box="[995,1059,1716,1742]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.22" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" unit="m" value="722.0">722m</quantity>
above sea level
</elevation>
(asl), under fern and shrub, laterite;
<date id="FF891045F335FFA56B33F914FDAD79F5" box="[367,514,1752,1778]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" value="2011-07-20">
<collectingDate id="EFCDE9ADF335FFA56B33F914FDAD79F5" box="[367,514,1752,1778]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" value="2011-07-20">Jul. 20, 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26C25353F335FFA56852F914FD2A79F5" box="[526,645,1752,1778]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">J. B. Jiang</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F335FFA568CCF914FD7879F5" box="[656,727,1752,1778]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">J. Sun</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F335FFA568BFF914FCE079F5" box="[739,847,1752,1778]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">X. D. Lei</collectorName>
, and
<collectorName id="26C25353F335FFA569D6F914FBA579F5" box="[906,1034,1752,1778]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">H. W. Feng</collectorName>
coll.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B883685F335FFA66A9BF930FC717C12" blockId="1.[151,1437,1679,2032]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="459" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">
<materialsCitation id="3B5F3CD8F335FFA56A9BF930FCA67885" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3053067305" collectingDate="2011-07-16" collectorName="J. B. Jiang &amp; J. Sun &amp; X. D. Lei &amp; One" country="China" county="Two" elevation="854" latitude="23.669167" location="Yuanjiang National Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="101.85139" municipality="One" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" specimenCount="29" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F335FFA56A9BF930FE967812" box="[199,313,1788,1813]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">
<typeStatus id="548C8827F335FFA56A9BF930FE967812" box="[199,313,1788,1813]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: A total of
<specimenCount id="9D31FD0CF335FFA56B92F930FDC07811" box="[462,623,1788,1814]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" type="generic">29 specimens</specimenCount>
, as follows:
<collectingCounty id="62E94E09F335FFA56957F930FC937811" box="[779,828,1788,1814]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">Two</collectingCounty>
clitellates (C-YN201108-02B), same collection details as
<typeStatus id="548C8827F335FFA56AACF8ECFEF9783D" box="[240,342,1824,1850]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="6BECACFFF335FFA56B3EF8ECFE3E783D" box="[354,401,1824,1850]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">One</collectingMunicipality>
clitellate (C-YN201101-18),
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F335FFA568B8F8ECFC85783D" box="[740,810,1824,1850]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F3F867F335FFA5696AF8ECFC54783D" box="[822,1019,1824,1850]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EE8605EF335FFA56E54F8ECFA33783D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039E8793F335FFA16ACBF9EFFD347E8E:8EE8605EF335FFA56E54F8ECFA33783D" box="[1032,1436,1824,1850]" country="China" county="Two" latitude="23.669167" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="101.85139" municipality="One" name="Yuanjiang National Nature Reserve" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" stateProvince="Yunnan">Yuanjiang National Nature Reserve</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F335FFA56AC3F889FE887867" box="[159,295,1861,1888]" degrees="23" direction="north" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" precision="15" seconds="09" value="23.669167">23°40ʹ09ʺN</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F335FFA56B6AF889FE617859" box="[310,462,1860,1888]" degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" precision="15" seconds="05" value="101.85139">101°51ʹ05ʺ E</geoCoordinate>
),
<elevation id="001AD1B6F335FFA56BBBF88FFDF17859" box="[487,606,1859,1886]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.54" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" unit="m" value="854.0">
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F335FFA56BBBF88FFD9E7859" box="[487,561,1859,1886]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.54" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" unit="m" value="854.0">854 m</quantity>
asl
</elevation>
, under fruit trees (longan, mango, and plum), lateritic red soil;
<date id="FF891045F335FFA56F1BF888FF7E7885" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" value="2011-07-16">
<collectingDate id="EFCDE9ADF335FFA56F1BF888FF7E7885" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" value="2011-07-16">Jul. 16, 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26C25353F335FFA56A80F8A4FEFC7885" box="[220,339,1896,1922]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">J. B. Jiang</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F335FFA56B01F8A4FE0C7885" box="[349,419,1896,1922]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">J. Sun</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F335FFA56BF2F8A4FDB57885" box="[430,538,1896,1922]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">X. D. Lei</collectorName>
, and H. W. Feng coll.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B5F3CD8F335FFA56953F8A4FBB078CD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3053067318" collectingDate="2011-07-16" collectorName="J. B. Jiang &amp; J. Sun &amp; X. D. Lei &amp; One" country="China" county="Two" elevation="854" latitude="23.669167" location="Yuanjiang National Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="101.85139" municipality="One" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" specimenCount="29" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectorName id="26C25353F335FFA56953F8A4FC917885" box="[783,830,1896,1922]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">One</collectorName>
clitellate (C-YN201107-11),
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F335FFA56EDBF8A4FB627885" box="[1159,1229,1896,1922]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F3F867F335FFA56E8AF8A4FA377885" box="[1238,1432,1896,1922]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EE8605EF335FFA56ACBF840FD2278A1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039E8793F335FFA16ACBF9EFFD347E8E:8EE8605EF335FFA56ACBF840FD2278A1" box="[151,653,1932,1958]" country="China" county="Mengla County" latitude="21.605833" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="101.581665" name="Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" stateProvince="Yunnan">Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture</location>
,
<collectingCounty id="62E94E09F335FFA568C6F840FCE578A1" box="[666,842,1932,1958]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">Mengla County</collectingCounty>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F335FFA56900F841FC4C78AF" box="[860,995,1933,1960]" degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" precision="15" seconds="21" value="21.605833">21°36ʹ21ʺN</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F335FFA569ADF841FB2C78AF" box="[1009,1155,1933,1960]" degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" precision="15" seconds="54" value="101.581665">101°34ʹ54ʺE</geoCoordinate>
),
<elevation id="001AD1B6F335FFA56EC4F847FAA378A1" box="[1176,1292,1931,1958]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.94" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" unit="m" value="694.0">
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F335FFA56EC4F847FB4E78A1" box="[1176,1249,1931,1958]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.94" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" unit="m" value="694.0">694 m</quantity>
asl
</elevation>
, daisy under trees, laterite;
<date id="FF891045F335FFA56B65F87CFE6178CD" box="[313,462,1968,1994]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" value="2011-07-20">
<collectingDate id="EFCDE9ADF335FFA56B65F87CFE6178CD" box="[313,462,1968,1994]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" value="2011-07-20">Jul. 20, 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26C25353F335FFA56B87F87CFDFA78CD" box="[475,597,1968,1994]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">J. B. Jiang</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F335FFA5683EF87CFD0578CD" box="[610,682,1968,1994]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">J. Sun</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F335FFA568EBF87CFC8978CD" box="[695,806,1968,1994]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">X. D. Lei</collectorName>
, and H. W. Feng coll.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B5F3CD8F335FFA66E7AF87CFACB7FB6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3053067325" collectingDate="2011-07-16" collectorName="J. B. Jiang &amp; J. Sun &amp; X. D. Lei &amp; One" country="China" county="Two" elevation="854" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="459" latitude="23.669167" location="Yuanjiang National Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="101.85139" municipality="One" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" specimenCount="29" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectorName id="26C25353F335FFA56E7AF87CFBFA78CD" box="[1062,1109,1968,1994]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">One</collectorName>
clitellate (C-YN201109-10),
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F335FFA56ACBF818FF7278E9" box="[151,221,2004,2030]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F3F867F335FFA56ABBF818FE0678E9" box="[231,425,2004,2030]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EE8605EF335FFA56BE8F818FC0C78E9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039E8793F335FFA16ACBF9EFFD347E8E:8EE8605EF335FFA56BE8F818FC0C78E9" box="[436,931,2004,2030]" country="China" county="Mengla County" latitude="21.403889" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="101.62417" name="Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" stateProvince="Yunnan">Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture</location>
,
<collectingCounty id="62E94E09F335FFA569F2F818FBF378E9" box="[942,1116,2004,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="458">Mengla County</collectingCounty>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F335FFA56E37F819FB5D78F7" box="[1131,1266,2005,2032]" degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="24" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" precision="15" seconds="14" value="21.403889">21°24ʹ14ʺN</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F335FFA56EA1F819FA2078F7" box="[1277,1423,2005,2032]" degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="458" precision="15" seconds="27" value="101.62417">101°37ʹ27ʺE</geoCoordinate>
),
<elevation id="001AD1B6F336FFA66ACBFF5BFEA87FB6" box="[151,263,151,177]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.22" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="722.0">
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F336FFA66ACBFF5BFF717FB6" box="[151,222,151,177]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.22" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="722.0">722 m</quantity>
asl
</elevation>
, in tropical primary forest, laterite;
<date id="FF891045F336FFA668C8FF5BFC897FB6" box="[660,806,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" value="2011-07-20">
<collectingDate id="EFCDE9ADF336FFA668C8FF5BFC897FB6" box="[660,806,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" value="2011-07-20">Jul. 20, 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA6696EFF5BFC067FB6" box="[818,937,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">J. B. Jiang</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA669E8FF5BFC547FB6" box="[948,1019,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">J. Sun</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66E5AFF5BFBDD7FB6" box="[1030,1138,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">X. D. Lei</collectorName>
, and H. W. Feng coll.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B5F3CD8F336FFA66F36FF5BFF667E1A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3053067326" collectingDate="2011-07-16" collectorName="J. B. Jiang &amp; J. Sun &amp; X. D. Lei &amp; One" country="China" county="Two" elevation="854" latitude="23.669167" location="Yuanjiang National Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="101.85139" municipality="One" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" specimenCount="29" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66F36FF5BFA337FB6" box="[1386,1436,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Five</collectorName>
clitellates (C-SC201009-08),
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F336FFA66BBCFF77FD897FD2" box="[480,550,187,213]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F3F867F336FFA6686CFF77FD587FD2" box="[560,759,187,213]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Sichuan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BECACFFF336FFA6695CFF77FCD97FD2" box="[768,886,187,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Yibin City</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="62E94E09F336FFA669DCFF77FBF97FD2" box="[896,1110,187,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Changning County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="8EE8605EF336FFA66E03FF77FB427FD2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039E8793F335FFA16ACBF9EFFD347E8E:8EE8605EF336FFA66E03FF77FB427FD2" box="[1119,1261,187,213]" country="China" county="Changning County" latitude="28.382029" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="104.87161" municipality="Yibin City" name="Mount Zhuji" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" stateProvince="Sichuan">Mount Zhuji</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F336FFA66EA7FF70FA377FD0" box="[1275,1432,188,215]" degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" precision="1" seconds="55.3" value="28.382029">28°22ʹ55.3ʺN</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F336FFA66ACBFF2CFE907FFC" box="[151,319,224,251]" degrees="104" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" precision="1" seconds="17.8" value="104.87161">104°52ʹ17.8ʺE</geoCoordinate>
),
<elevation id="001AD1B6F336FFA66B0AFF13FE637FFE" box="[342,460,223,249]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.11" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="311.0">
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F336FFA66B0AFF13FE307FFE" box="[342,415,223,249]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.11" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="311.0">311 m</quantity>
asl
</elevation>
, under
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F336FFA66879FF13FD197FFF" box="[549,694,223,248]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Metasequoia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F336FFA66879FF13FD197FFF" box="[549,694,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Metasequoia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, red-yellow soil;
<date id="FF891045F336FFA669D8FF13FB807FFE" box="[900,1071,222,249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" value="2010-08-15">
<collectingDate id="EFCDE9ADF336FFA669D8FF13FB807FFE" box="[900,1071,222,249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" value="2010-08-15">Aug. 15, 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66E61FF13FB277FFE" box="[1085,1160,223,249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">J. Sun</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66ECBFF13FB507FFE" box="[1175,1279,223,249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Z. W. Yi</collectorName>
, and J. H. Yi coll.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B5F3CD8F336FFA66A92FECFFEF47E62" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3053067328" collectingDate="2011-07-16" collectorName="J. B. Jiang &amp; J. Sun &amp; X. D. Lei &amp; One" country="China" county="Two" elevation="854" latitude="23.669167" location="Yuanjiang National Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="101.85139" municipality="One" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" specimenCount="29" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66A92FECFFF507E1A" box="[206,255,259,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Two</collectorName>
clitellates and two aclitellates (C-SCCZ2015003-04),
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F336FFA66902FECFFC0B7E1A" box="[862,932,259,285]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F3F867F336FFA669F3FECFFBDA7E1A" box="[943,1141,259,285]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Sichuan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EE8605EF336FFA66EDCFECFFA967E1A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039E8793F335FFA16ACBF9EFFD347E8E:8EE8605EF336FFA66EDCFECFFA967E1A" box="[1152,1337,259,285]" country="China" county="Jinjiang County" latitude="30.676666" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="103.68305" name="Chongzhou City" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" stateProvince="Sichuan">Chongzhou City</location>
,
<collectingCounty id="62E94E09F336FFA66F18FECFFF467E46" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Jinjiang County</collectingCounty>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F336FFA66AA6FEE4FE2D7E44" box="[250,386,296,323]" degrees="30" direction="north" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" precision="15" seconds="36" value="30.676666">30°40ʹ36ʺN</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F336FFA66BD3FEE4FD887E46" box="[399,551,295,323]" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" precision="15" seconds="59" value="103.68305">103°40ʹ59ʺ E</geoCoordinate>
),
<elevation id="001AD1B6F336FFA66861FEEAFD1F7E46" box="[573,688,294,321]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9399999999999995" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="594.0">
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F336FFA66861FEEAFD2A7E46" box="[573,645,294,321]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9399999999999995" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="594.0">594 m</quantity>
asl
</elevation>
, in secondary forest, red-yellow soil;
<date id="FF891045F336FFA66E02FEEBFB547E46" box="[1118,1275,294,321]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" value="2015-06-22">
<collectingDate id="EFCDE9ADF336FFA66E02FEEBFB547E46" box="[1118,1275,294,321]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" value="2015-06-22">Jun. 22, 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66F54FEEBFAFF7E46" box="[1288,1360,295,321]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">J. Sun</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66F01FEEBFF1B7E62" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Z. W. Yi</collectorName>
, and J. Yu coll.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B5F3CD8F336FFA66B3DFE87FEA77EAA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3053067313" collectingDate="2011-07-16" collectorName="J. B. Jiang &amp; J. Sun &amp; X. D. Lei &amp; One" country="China" county="Two" elevation="854" latitude="23.669167" location="Yuanjiang National Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="101.85139" municipality="One" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" specimenCount="29" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66B3DFE87FE3D7E62" box="[353,402,331,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Two</collectorName>
clitellates (C-YN201720-01),
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F336FFA668BBFE87FC827E62" box="[743,813,331,357]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F3F867F336FFA6696AFE87FC577E62" box="[822,1016,331,357]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BECACFFF336FFA66E5FFE87FBC57E62" box="[1027,1130,331,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Dali City</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EE8605EF336FFA66E29FE87FF5E7E8E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039E8793F335FFA16ACBF9EFFD347E8E:8EE8605EF336FFA66E29FE87FF5E7E8E" country="China" latitude="25.777166" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="100.095" municipality="Dali City" name="Cangshan National Nature Reserve" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" stateProvince="Yunnan">Cangshan National Nature Reserve</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F336FFA66B5CFEBCFE317E8C" box="[256,414,368,395]" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" precision="1" seconds="37.8" value="25.777166">25°46ʹ37.8ʺN</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F336FFA66BF5FEBCFDFF7E8C" box="[425,592,368,395]" degrees="100" direction="east" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" precision="1" seconds="42.0" value="100.095">100°05ʹ42.0ʺE</geoCoordinate>
),
<elevation id="001AD1B6F336FFA66838FEA3FD4E7E8E" box="[612,737,367,393]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.194" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="2194.0">
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F336FFA66838FEA3FD167E8E" box="[612,697,367,393]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.194" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="2194.0">2194 m</quantity>
asl
</elevation>
, in brown soil;
<date id="FF891045F336FFA669D2FEA3FB8C7E8E" box="[910,1059,367,393]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" value="2017-08-06">
<collectingDate id="EFCDE9ADF336FFA669D2FEA3FB8C7E8E" box="[910,1059,367,393]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" value="2017-08-06">Aug. 6, 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66E73FEA3FB257E8E" box="[1071,1162,367,393]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Z. Yuan</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66EC8FEA3FAA37E8E" box="[1172,1292,367,393]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">J. B. Jiang</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66F4AFEA3FAD97E8E" box="[1302,1398,367,393]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Y. Dong</collectorName>
, Q. Zhao coll.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B5F3CD8F336FFA66B51FE5FFD587EF2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3053067322" collectingDate="2011-07-16" collectorName="J. B. Jiang &amp; J. Sun &amp; X. D. Lei &amp; One" country="China" county="Two" elevation="854" latitude="23.669167" location="Yuanjiang National Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="101.85139" municipality="One" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" specimenCount="29" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66B51FE5FFE917EAA" box="[269,318,403,429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Two</collectorName>
clitellates (C-YN201735-10),
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F336FFA668CEFE5FFD777EAA" box="[658,728,403,429]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F3F867F336FFA668BCFE5FFC0E7EAA" box="[736,929,403,429]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62E94E09F336FFA669F0FE5FFB9D7EAA" box="[940,1074,403,429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Dehong Dai</collectingCounty>
and
<collectingMunicipality id="6BECACFFF336FFA66E3AFE5FFF6A7ED6" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EE8605EF336FFA66A8CFE7BFD2A7ED6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039E8793F335FFA16ACBF9EFFD347E8E:8EE8605EF336FFA66A8CFE7BFD2A7ED6" box="[208,645,439,465]" country="China" county="Dehong Dai" latitude="24.14614" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.02564" municipality="Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture" name="Tongbiguan Provincial Nature Reserve" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" stateProvince="Yunnan">Tongbiguan Provincial Nature Reserve</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F336FFA668C8FE74FC9E7ED4" box="[660,817,440,467]" degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" precision="1" seconds="46.1" value="24.14614">24°08ʹ46.1ʺN</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F336FFA66960FE74FC797ED4" box="[828,982,440,467]" degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" precision="1" seconds="32.3" value="98.02564">98°01ʹ32.3ʺE</geoCoordinate>
),
<elevation id="001AD1B6F336FFA669B5FE7AFBF67ED6" box="[1001,1113,438,465]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.57" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="957.0">
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F336FFA669B5FE7AFB9F7ED6" box="[1001,1072,438,465]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.57" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="957.0">957 m</quantity>
asl
</elevation>
, in yellow cinnamon soil,
<date id="FF891045F336FFA66FDDFE7BFEA07EF2" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" value="2017-08-11">
<collectingDate id="EFCDE9ADF336FFA66FDDFE7BFEA07EF2" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" value="2017-08-11">11 Aug. 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66B46FE17FEDB7EF2" box="[282,372,475,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Z. Yuan</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66B22FE17FE5C7EF2" box="[382,499,475,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">J. B. Jiang</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66BA0FE17FDF47EF2" box="[508,603,475,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Y. Dong</collectorName>
, Q. Zhao coll.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B5F3CD8F336FFA668A0FE17FD5E7D3A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3053067301" collectingDate="2011-07-16" collectorName="J. B. Jiang &amp; J. Sun &amp; X. D. Lei &amp; One" country="China" county="Two" elevation="854" latitude="23.669167" location="Yuanjiang National Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="101.85139" municipality="One" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" specimenCount="29" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA668A0FE17FC9D7EF2" box="[764,818,475,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Nine</collectorName>
clitellates (C-YN201756-05),
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F336FFA66EDBFE17FB627EF2" box="[1159,1229,475,501]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F3F867F336FFA66E8AFE17FA377EF2" box="[1238,1432,475,501]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BECACFFF336FFA66ACBFE33FE837D1E" box="[151,300,511,537]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Lincang City</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EE8605EF336FFA66B65FE33FD647D1E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039E8793F335FFA16ACBF9EFFD347E8E:8EE8605EF336FFA66B65FE33FD647D1E" box="[313,715,511,537]" country="China" latitude="23.646944" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="99.343506" municipality="Lincang City" name="Nangunhe National Nature Reserve" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" stateProvince="Yunnan">Nangunhe National Nature Reserve</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F336FFA66887FDCCFCD57D1C" box="[731,890,512,539]" degrees="23" direction="north" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" precision="1" seconds="49.0" value="23.646944">23°38ʹ49.0″N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F336FFA669DAFDCCFB8F7D1C" box="[902,1056,512,539]" degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" precision="1" seconds="36.6" value="99.343506">99°20ʹ36.6ʺE</geoCoordinate>
),
<elevation id="001AD1B6F336FFA66E68FE33FB1B7D1E" box="[1076,1204,511,537]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.429" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="1429.0">
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F336FFA66E68FE33FB257D1E" box="[1076,1162,511,537]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.429" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="1429.0">1429 m</quantity>
asl
</elevation>
, in brown soil;
<date id="FF891045F336FFA66F39FE33FF537D3A" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" value="2017-08-16">
<collectingDate id="EFCDE9ADF336FFA66F39FE33FF537D3A" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" value="2017-08-16">Aug. 16, 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66B54FDEFFECB7D3A" box="[264,356,547,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Z. Yuan</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66B32FDEFFE497D3A" box="[366,486,547,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">J. B. Jiang</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66BADFDEFFDFE7D3A" box="[497,593,547,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Y. Dong</collectorName>
, Q. Zhao coll.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B5F3CD8F336FFA668ABFDEFFBB17D82" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3053067316" collectingDate="2011-07-16" collectorName="J. B. Jiang &amp; J. Sun &amp; X. D. Lei &amp; One" country="China" county="Two" elevation="854" latitude="23.669167" location="Yuanjiang National Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="101.85139" municipality="One" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" specimenCount="29" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA668ABFDEFFC837D3A" box="[759,812,547,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Four</collectorName>
clitellates (C-YN201730-03),
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F336FFA66ED9FDEFFB647D3A" box="[1157,1227,547,573]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F3F867F336FFA66E89FDEFFA377D3A" box="[1237,1432,547,573]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BECACFFF336FFA66ACBFD8BFD967D66" box="[151,569,583,609]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EE8605EF336FFA6681FFD8BFBAB7D66" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039E8793F335FFA16ACBF9EFFD347E8E:8EE8605EF336FFA6681FFD8BFBAB7D66" box="[579,1028,583,609]" country="China" latitude="26.542084" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.914" municipality="Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture" name="Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" stateProvince="Yunnan">Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F336FFA66E4EFD84FB007D64" box="[1042,1199,584,611]" degrees="26" direction="north" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" precision="1" seconds="31.5" value="26.542084">26°32ʹ31.5ʺN</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F336FFA66EE5FD84FAFD7D64" box="[1209,1362,584,611]" degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" precision="1" seconds="50.4" value="98.914">98°54ʹ50.4ʺE</geoCoordinate>
),
<elevation id="001AD1B6F336FFA66F38FD8BFF787D82" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8669999999999998" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="1867.0">
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F336FFA66F38FD8BFF027D82" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8669999999999998" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="1867.0">1867 m</quantity>
asl
</elevation>
, in brown soil;
<date id="FF891045F336FFA66BD4FDA7FD8F7D82" box="[392,544,619,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" value="2017-08-09">
<collectingDate id="EFCDE9ADF336FFA66BD4FDA7FD8F7D82" box="[392,544,619,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" value="2017-08-09">Aug. 9, 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66871FDA7FD267D82" box="[557,649,619,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Z. Yuan</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA668C9FDA7FCA07D82" box="[661,783,619,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">J. B. Jiang</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66946FDA7FCD47D82" box="[794,891,619,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Y. Dong</collectorName>
, Q. Zhao coll.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B5F3CD8F336FFA66E79FDA7FBEB7DCA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3053067308" collectingDate="2011-07-16" collectorName="J. B. Jiang &amp; J. Sun &amp; X. D. Lei &amp; One" country="China" county="Two" elevation="854" latitude="23.669167" location="Yuanjiang National Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="101.85139" municipality="One" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" specimenCount="29" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66E79FDA7FBFB7D82" box="[1061,1108,619,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">One</collectorName>
clitellate (C-YN201752-01),
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F336FFA66ACBFD43FF727DAE" box="[151,221,655,681]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F3F867F336FFA66ABAFD43FE077DAE" box="[230,424,655,681]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BECACFFF336FFA66BEFFD43FDE97DAE" box="[435,582,655,681]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Lincang City</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EE8605EF336FFA66813FD43FBEE7DAE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039E8793F335FFA16ACBF9EFFD347E8E:8EE8605EF336FFA66813FD43FBEE7DAE" box="[591,1089,655,681]" country="China" latitude="23.970806" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="99.39938" municipality="Lincang City" name="Yongde Daxueshan National Nature Reserve" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" stateProvince="Yunnan">Yongde Daxueshan National Nature Reserve</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F336FFA66E13FD5CFB447DAC" box="[1103,1259,656,683]" degrees="23" direction="north" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" precision="1" seconds="14.9" value="23.970806">23°58ʹ14.9ʺN</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F336FFA66EAAFD5CFA3F7DAC" box="[1270,1424,656,683]" degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" precision="1" seconds="57.8" value="99.39938">99°23ʹ57.8ʺE</geoCoordinate>
),
<elevation id="001AD1B6F336FFA66ACBFD7EFEBC7DCA" box="[151,275,690,717]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5719999999999998" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="1572.0">
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F336FFA66ACBFD7EFF447DCA" box="[151,235,690,717]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5719999999999998" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="1572.0">1572 m</quantity>
asl
</elevation>
, in brown soil;
<date id="FF891045F336FFA66BE7FD7FFDF37DCA" box="[443,604,690,717]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" value="2017-08-15">
<collectingDate id="EFCDE9ADF336FFA66BE7FD7FFDF37DCA" box="[443,604,690,717]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" value="2017-08-15">Aug. 15, 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA6683BFD7FFD6E7DCA" box="[615,705,691,717]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Z. Yuan</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66896FD7FFCEF7DCA" box="[714,832,691,717]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">J. B. Jiang</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66915FD7FFC087DCA" box="[841,935,691,717]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Y. Dong</collectorName>
, Q. Zhao coll.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B5F3CD8F336FFA66E15FD7FFC717C12" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3053067339" collectingDate="2011-07-16" collectorName="J. B. Jiang &amp; J. Sun &amp; X. D. Lei &amp; One" country="China" county="Two" elevation="854" latitude="23.669167" location="Yuanjiang National Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="101.85139" municipality="One" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" specimenCount="29" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66E15FD7FFBD57DCA" box="[1097,1146,691,717]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Two</collectorName>
clitellates (C-YN201606- 03),
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F336FFA66A96FD1BFEBF7DF6" box="[202,272,727,753]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F3F867F336FFA66B45FD1BFE747DF6" box="[281,475,727,753]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EE8605EF336FFA66BBAFD1BFDF57DF6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039E8793F335FFA16ACBF9EFFD347E8E:8EE8605EF336FFA66BBAFD1BFDF57DF6" box="[486,602,727,753]" country="China" county="Jingdong Yi Autonomous County" latitude="24.419361" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="100.87914" name="Pu'er City" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" stateProvince="Yunnan">Pu’er City</location>
,
<collectingCounty id="62E94E09F336FFA66838FD1BFC767DF6" box="[612,985,727,753]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Jingdong Yi Autonomous County</collectingCounty>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F336FFA669BBFD14FB2A7DF4" box="[999,1157,728,755]" degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" precision="1" seconds="09.7" value="24.419361">24°25ʹ09.7ʺN</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE035042F336FFA66ED3FD14FA987DF4" box="[1167,1335,728,755]" degrees="100" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" precision="1" seconds="44.9" value="100.87914">100°52ʹ44.9ʺE</geoCoordinate>
),
<elevation id="001AD1B6F336FFA66F15FD1BFF167C12" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.18" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="1180.0">
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F336FFA66F15FD1BFA337DF6" box="[1353,1436,727,753]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.18" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="m" value="1180.0">1180 m</quantity>
asl
</elevation>
, in brown soil;
<date id="FF891045F336FFA66B3BFD37FDAE7C12" box="[359,513,763,789]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" value="2016-06-11">
<collectingDate id="EFCDE9ADF336FFA66B3BFD37FDAE7C12" box="[359,513,763,789]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" value="2016-06-11">Jun. 11, 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66857FD37FDF07C12" box="[523,607,763,789]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">X. Gao</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA66835FD37FD6A7C12" box="[617,709,763,789]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Y. F. Lu</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA6688CFD37FCE97C12" box="[720,838,763,789]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">J. Z. Jiang</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C25353F336FFA6690DFD37FC0A7C12" box="[849,933,763,789]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">J. Long</collectorName>
coll.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32D650EF336FFA66A9BFCD3FA977C5A" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B883685F336FFA66A9BFCD3FA977C5A" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F336FFA66A9BFCD3FEE17C3E" bold="true" box="[199,334,799,825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species name is derived from the Latin word “
<emphasis id="B943EA97F336FFA669C5FCD3FC487C3F" box="[921,999,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">rustica</emphasis>
”, meaning rural, because the
<typeStatus id="548C8827F336FFA66F66FCD3FA337C3E" box="[1338,1436,799,825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
was collected in a rural area of
<collectingRegion id="49F3F867F336FFA66BA9FC8FFD187C5A" box="[501,695,835,861]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F336FFA6689FFC8FFCA57C5A" box="[707,778,835,861]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">China</collectingCountry>
. In Chinese,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F336FFA669C6FC8FFB2A7C5B" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Wu &amp; Yuan &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2021" box="[922,1157,835,861]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rusticanus">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F336FFA669C6FC8FFB2A7C5B" box="[922,1157,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Amynthas rusticanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is ØTũḂḋ.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32D650EF336FFA66A9BFCAAFE457B16" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B883685F336FFA66A9BFCAAFE457B16" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F336FFA66A9BFCAAFEED7C87" bold="true" box="[199,322,870,896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Small-sized; three pairs of spermathecal pores in 5/6–7/8, or two pairs of spermathecal pores in 5/6–6/7; male porophore resembles an oval pad, surrounded by 2–3 shallow skin folds; no genital papillae in the spermathecal pore and male pore regions; prostate gland developed in XVI–XX; spermathecal diverticulum shorter than the main spermathecal axis by ¼, stalk straight or twisted into two zigzags, distal ¼ dilated into a heart- or oval-shaped seminal chamber.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32D650EF336FFA76A9BFBD6FC3C7FFE" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="460" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B883685F336FFA66A9BFBD6FE257AE2" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F336FFA66A9BFBD6FEF67B33" bold="true" box="[199,345,1050,1076]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Description.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B943EA97F336FFA66B3CFBD7FDEF7B32" box="[352,576,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">External characters</emphasis>
: Preserved specimens light fuchsia before clitellum on dorsum, lacking pigment on the rest of the body. Dimensions
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F336FFA6683EFBF2FD757B5E" box="[610,730,1086,1113]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.95" metricValueMax="5.9" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="mm" value="49.5" valueMax="59.0" valueMin="40.0">40–59 mm</quantity>
by 1.9–2.0 mm at clitellum; segments 91–92. No secondary annulations in any segment. Prostomium ½ epilobous. First dorsal pore in 12/13. Clitellum annular in XIV–0.17XVII in the
<typeStatus id="548C8827F336FFA66A83FB4BFEEB7BA6" box="[223,324,1159,1185]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, XIV–XVI in
<typeStatus id="548C8827F336FFA66BB4FB4BFDE77BA6" box="[488,584,1159,1185]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
C-SCCZ2015003-04; smooth, swollen, no setae on the ventral side; dorsal pores absent on clitellum. Setae uniformly distributed, 34–46 on III, 46–60 on V, 50–60 on VIII, 46–48 on XX, 44–50 on XXV; 8–10 between male pores; setal formula AA=1.2–2.0AB, ZZ=1.7–2.0ZY. Spermathecal pores tiny, hard to locate; three pairs in 5/6–7/
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F336FFA66875FB3EFDFB7A0A" box="[553,596,1266,1293]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
<typeStatus id="548C8827F336FFA66800FB3FFD6E7A0A" box="[604,705,1267,1293]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, rarely two pairs in 5/6–6/7 as in
<typeStatus id="548C8827F336FFA66E1EFB3FFB0D7A0A" box="[1090,1186,1267,1293]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
C-SCCZ2015003-04; intersegmental, separated ventrally by about 0.33 of circumference (
<figureCitation id="130C2A00F336FFA669C4FADBFC447A36" box="[920,1003,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1948,1972]" captionTargetBox="[248,1337,278,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-42@3.[236,1351,270,1922]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Amynthas rusticanus Sun &amp; Qiu sp. nov., holotype. (a) Ventral view showing spermathecal pores (sp) and male pores (mp); (b) do., prostate gland; (c) do., spermathecae. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574952" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574952/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
, sp.p). In
<typeStatus id="548C8827F336FFA66E07FADBFB6F7A36" box="[1115,1216,1303,1329]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, no genital papillae in spermathecal pore region; in
<typeStatus id="548C8827F336FFA66BA8FAF7FDFB7A52" box="[500,596,1339,1365]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
C-SCCZ2015003-04, one small genital papilla posterior and medial to each of the left spermathecal pores in VI and VII. Male pores in XVIII, separated ventrally by 0.33 of circumference, slightly elevated from the skin sheath; glandular raised porophore resembles an oval pad, surrounded by 2–3 shallow skin folds (
<figureCitation id="130C2A00F336FFA66B1BFA6BFE367AC6" box="[327,409,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1948,1972]" captionTargetBox="[248,1337,278,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-42@3.[236,1351,270,1922]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Amynthas rusticanus Sun &amp; Qiu sp. nov., holotype. (a) Ventral view showing spermathecal pores (sp) and male pores (mp); (b) do., prostate gland; (c) do., spermathecae. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574952" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574952/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
, mp). No genital papillae in the male pore region. Female pore single, mid-ventral on XIV, milk-white, elliptical.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B883685F336FFA66A9BFA23FA89784A" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F336FFA66A9BFA23FE0C790E" box="[199,419,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Internal characters</emphasis>
: Septa 8/9–9/10 absent, 5/6–7/8 thickened and muscular, 10/11–13/14 thicker than those following. Dorsal blood vessel single, continuous onto pharynx; esophageal hearts 4 pairs in X–XIII, the first pair slimmer than the others. Gizzard ball-shaped, in VIII–X; intestinal swelling in XVI; intestinal caeca simple, originating in XXVII and extending forward to XXII, finger-shaped sacs, smooth on dorsal and ventral margins. Male organs: testis sacs in X and XI, oval, two lobes separated ventromedially; seminal vesicles in XI, XII, developed, left and right lobes connected ventromedially with a slim tube; prostate gland developed, in XVI–XX, its duct in XVIII, horizontally situated, stout and uniform (
<figureCitation id="130C2A00F336FFA66837F90BFD6E79E5" box="[619,705,1735,1762]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1948,1972]" captionTargetBox="[248,1337,278,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-42@3.[236,1351,270,1922]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Amynthas rusticanus Sun &amp; Qiu sp. nov., holotype. (a) Ventral view showing spermathecal pores (sp) and male pores (mp); (b) do., prostate gland; (c) do., spermathecae. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574952" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574952/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Fig. 2b</figureCitation>
); no visible accessory glands on XVIII. Spermathecae paired in VI–VIII in
<typeStatus id="548C8827F336FFA66B4AF927FED47802" box="[278,379,1771,1797]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, about
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F336FFA66B96F927FD8F7802" box="[458,544,1771,1797]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
long; spermathecal ampulla peach-shaped,
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F336FFA66E54F926FBF27802" box="[1032,1117,1770,1797]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
long, duct long and straight,
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F336FFA66ACBF8C3FF41782E" box="[151,238,1807,1833]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="459" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
long; diverticulum shorter than the main spermathecal axis by ¼, its stalk straight or twisted into two zigzags, distal ¼ dilated into a heart- or oval-shaped seminal chamber; no nephridia on spermathecal ducts.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B883685F336FFA66A9BF89AFEFE7892" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F336FFA66A9BF89AFE907877" bold="true" box="[199,319,1878,1904]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">Variation.</emphasis>
The configuration of spermathecae varies between two and three pairs, of which three pairs are the dominant group.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B883685F336FFA76A9BF852FC3C7FFE" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,150,249]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="460" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F336FFA66A9BF852FE2C78BE" bold="true" box="[199,387,1950,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="459">DNA barcodes.</emphasis>
GenBank accession numbers
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(C-YN201108-02A,
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(CYN201101-18,
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(C-SCCZ2015003-04,
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(C- YN201606-03,
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF48660DF337FFA76ACBF850FC3078DF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574952" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4574952" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574952/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="460" startId="3.[151,250,1948,1972]" targetBox="[248,1337,278,1922]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8B883685F337FFA76ACBF850FC3078DF" blockId="3.[151,1436,1948,2008]" pageId="3" pageNumber="460">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F337FFA76ACBF850FC9778B3" bold="true" box="[151,824,1948,1972]" pageId="3" pageNumber="460">
FIGURE 2.
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F337FFA76B45F850FDDD78B3" authority="Sun &amp; Qiu" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Wu &amp; Yuan &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2021" box="[281,626,1948,1972]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="3" pageNumber="460" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rusticanus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F337FFA76B45F850FE5878B3" bold="true" box="[281,503,1948,1972]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="460">Amynthas rusticanus</emphasis>
Sun &amp; Qiu
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27057ECF337FFA76824F850FD6578B3" box="[632,714,1948,1972]" pageId="3" pageNumber="460" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype.
</emphasis>
(a) Ventral view showing spermathecal pores (sp) and male pores (mp); (b) do., prostate gland; (c) do., spermathecae. Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32D650EF330FFA16A9BFF5AFD347E8E" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="462" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B883685F330FFA06A9BFF5AFE417E8E" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06A9BFF5AFE947FB7" bold="true" box="[199,315,150,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA06B19FF5BFE727FB7" authority="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Wu &amp; Yuan &amp; Qiu, 2021" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Wu &amp; Yuan &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2021" box="[325,477,151,177]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rusticanus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06B19FF5BFE727FB7" box="[325,477,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. rusticanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06BBAFF5AFDEC7FB7" bold="true" box="[486,579,150,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27057ECF330FFA06BBAFF5AFDEC7FB7" box="[486,579,150,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
was collected from 10 sites in two provinces in southeast
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F330FFA06EAFFF5AFA957FB7" box="[1267,1338,150,176]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">China</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49F3F867F330FFA06F1BFF5BFF547FD3" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
(Xishuangbanna, Yuanjiang National Nature Reserve, Cangshan National Nature Reserve, Tongbiguan Provincial Nature Reserve, Nangunhe National Nature Reserve, Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve, Yongde Daxueshan National Nature Reserve, and Jingdong Yi Autonomous County) and
<collectingRegion id="49F3F867F330FFA06E68FECEFB547E1B" box="[1076,1275,258,284]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">Sichuan Province</collectingRegion>
(Mount Zhuji and Jinjiang County). The new species keys to the
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA06899FEEAFC177E47" authorityName="Rosa" authorityYear="1891" box="[709,952,294,320]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hawayanus">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06899FEEAFC177E47" box="[709,952,294,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">Amynthas hawayanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74F330FFA06E4CFEEAFB567E47" author="Sims, R. W. &amp; Easton, E. G." box="[1040,1273,294,321]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" pagination="169 - 268" refId="ref13169" refString="Sims, R. W. &amp; Easton, E. G. (1972) A numerical revision of the earthworm genus Pheretima auct. (Megascolecidae: Oligochaeta) with the recognition of new genera and an appendix on the earthworms collected by the Royal Society North Borneo Expedition. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 4 (3), 169 - 268. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8312.1972. tb 00694. x" type="journal article" year="1972">Sims &amp; Easton 1972</bibRefCitation>
). The
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA06F60FEEAFF117E63" authorityName="Rosa" authorityYear="1891" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hawayanus">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06F60FEEAFF117E63" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">hawayanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group is characterized by six thecal spermathecae in 5/6–7/8 and by holandry. To date, the group comprises 64 species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74F330FFA06AABFEA2FE4E7E8E" author="Nguyen, T. T. &amp; Tran, B. T. T. &amp; Lam, D. H. &amp; Nguyen, A. D." box="[247,481,366,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" pagination="277 - 290" refId="ref13096" refString="Nguyen, T. T., Tran, B. T. T., Lam, D. H. &amp; Nguyen, A. D. (2020 b) Four new species of Amynthas earthworms in southeastern Vietnam (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae). Zootaxa, 4790 (2), 277 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4790.2.5" type="journal article" year="2020">
Nguyen
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06B04FEA3FE3F7E8F" box="[344,400,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">et al.</emphasis>
2020b
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B883685F330FFA06A9BFE5EFE447CEB" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">
Within the
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA06B16FE5FFE457EAB" authorityName="Rosa" authorityYear="1891" box="[330,490,402,429]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hawayanus">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06B16FE5FFE457EAB" box="[330,490,402,429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. hawayanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group, the morphological character of
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA069EEFE5FFBE67EAB" authority="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Wu &amp; Yuan &amp; Qiu, 2021" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Wu &amp; Yuan &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2021" box="[946,1097,403,429]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rusticanus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA069EEFE5FFBE67EAB" box="[946,1097,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. rusticanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06E0FFE5EFB1F7EAB" bold="true" box="[1107,1200,402,428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27057ECF330FFA06E0FFE5EFB1F7EAB" box="[1107,1200,402,428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
can be described as “mediocre” because of its small body size, no representative and stable genital papillae outside, with simple style intestinal caeca and developed prostate glands. However,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA06941FE17FC1E7EF3" authority="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Wu &amp; Yuan &amp; Qiu, 2021" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Wu &amp; Yuan &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2021" box="[797,945,475,501]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rusticanus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06941FE17FC1E7EF3" box="[797,945,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. rusticanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA069E4FE16FBBE7EF3" bold="true" box="[952,1041,474,500]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27057ECF330FFA069E4FE16FBBE7EF3" box="[952,1041,474,500]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has a relatively breadth geographical distribution in Southwest
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F330FFA06BB4FE32FD817D1F" box="[488,558,510,536]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">China</collectingCountry>
, which recommend us to look for species with a wide geographical range as well as relatively similar morphology characters for comparison.
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA0692DFDEEFB597D3A" authority="(Kinberg, 1867)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Kinberg" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[881,1270,546,573]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA0692DFDEEFB937D3B" box="[881,1084,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">Amynthas gracilis</emphasis>
(Kinberg, 1867)
</taxonomicName>
is meeting our requirement.
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA06B71FD8BFE0C7D67" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Kinberg" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[301,419,582,609]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06B71FD8BFE0C7D67" box="[301,419,582,609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a cosmopolitan species, and had been reported in 9 provinces in
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F330FFA06EFDFD8AFB487D67" box="[1185,1255,582,608]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">China</collectingCountry>
, including eight spots in Southwest
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F330FFA06B2DFDA6FE1B7D83" box="[369,436,618,644]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">China</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74F330FFA06B9FFDA6FD297D83" author="Xu, Q. &amp; Xiao, N." box="[451,646,618,644]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" refId="ref13459" refString="Xu, Q. &amp; Xiao, N. (2011) Chinese terrestrial earthworm. China Agriculture Press, Beijing, 321 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2011">Xu &amp; Xiao 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA068C4FDA7FC827D83" authority="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Wu &amp; Yuan &amp; Qiu, 2021" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Wu &amp; Yuan &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2021" box="[664,813,619,645]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rusticanus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA068C4FDA7FC827D83" box="[664,813,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. rusticanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06968FDA6FC217D83" bold="true" box="[820,910,618,644]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27057ECF330FFA06968FDA6FC217D83" box="[820,910,618,644]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has some similarities to the cosmopolitan species
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA06A96FD43FE907DAF" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Kinberg" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[202,319,654,681]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06A96FD43FE907DAF" box="[202,319,654,681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Considering the polymorphic nature of the new species, several previously described morphs of
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA06FD8FD43FF427DCB" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Kinberg" baseAuthorityYear="1867" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06FD8FD43FF427DCB" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were selected for comparison: the
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morph described by Chen (1931), the
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morph described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74F330FFA06AE7FD1AFE3F7DF7" author="Chang, C. H. &amp; Rougerie, R. &amp; Chen, J. H." box="[187,400,726,752]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" pagination="171 - 180" refId="ref12485" refString="Chang, C. H., Rougerie, R. &amp; Chen, J. H. (2009) Identifying earthworms through DNA barcodes: Pitfalls and promise. Pedobiologia, 52 (3), 171 - 180. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. pedobi. 2008.08.002" type="journal article" year="2009">
Chang
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06B57FD1BFEEB7DF7" box="[267,324,726,752]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">et al.</emphasis>
(2009
</bibRefCitation>
a), the
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morph described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74F330FFA06949FD1AFC067DF7" author="Gates, G. E." box="[789,937,726,752]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" pagination="1 - 326" refId="ref12798" refString="Gates, G. E. (1972) Burmese earthworms: An introduction to the systematics and biology of megadrile oligochaetes with special reference to Southeast Asia. Transactions of the American philosophical Society, 62 (7), 1 - 326. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1006214" type="journal article" year="1972">Gates (1972)</bibRefCitation>
, and the
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morph described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74F330FFA06F7DFD1AFF4D7C13" author="Blakemore, R. J." pageId="4" pageNumber="461" refId="ref12342" refString="Blakemore, R. J. (2009) Cosmopolitan Earthworms-A Global and Historical Perspective. Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken, 621 pp." type="book" year="2009">Blakemore (2009)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74F330FFA06B41FD36FDAE7C12" author="Chang, C. H. &amp; Snyder, B. A. &amp; Szlavecz, K." box="[285,513,762,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" pagination="495 - 529" refId="ref12541" refString="Chang, C. H., Snyder, B. A. &amp; Szlavecz, K. (2016) Asian pheretimoid earthworms in North America north of Mexico: An illustrated key to the genera Amynthas, Metaphire, Pithemera, and Polypheretima (Clitellata: Megascolecidae). Zootaxa, 4179 (3), 495 - 529. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4179.3.7" type="journal article" year="2016">
Chang
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06B33FD37FE057C13" box="[367,426,762,788]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">et al.</emphasis>
(2016)
</bibRefCitation>
. The present new species is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA0699DFD37FB977C13" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Kinberg" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[961,1080,762,789]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA0699DFD37FB977C13" box="[961,1080,762,789]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the following characters: 1) pigmentation is present dorsally and absent ventrally, regardless of the preserving fluid used; 2) the clitellum may not always occupy the exact boundaries of XIV–XVI, instead failing to reach the boundaries or extending beyond; 3) there are three pairs of spermathecal pores in 5/6–7/8; 4) the intestinal caeca are simple; 5) the spermathecal diverticulum has a small, ovate seminal chamber and slender stalk, except in the case of the
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F330FFA06EF7FC46FB607CA3" box="[1195,1231,906,932]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">US</collectingCountry>
morph specimens from the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution,
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, DC (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74F330FFA06E22FC62FAE57CCE" author="Chang, C. H. &amp; Snyder, B. A. &amp; Szlavecz, K." box="[1150,1354,942,969]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" pagination="495 - 529" refId="ref12541" refString="Chang, C. H., Snyder, B. A. &amp; Szlavecz, K. (2016) Asian pheretimoid earthworms in North America north of Mexico: An illustrated key to the genera Amynthas, Metaphire, Pithemera, and Polypheretima (Clitellata: Megascolecidae). Zootaxa, 4179 (3), 495 - 529. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4179.3.7" type="journal article" year="2016">
Chang
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06E93FC63FAA87CCF" box="[1231,1287,942,968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
); 6) the prostate glands are developed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B883685F330FFA06A9BFC3BFCE87A9A" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">
However, there are several differences: 1) the new species is smaller than all morphs of
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA06EFFFC3BFAB67B17" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Kinberg" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[1187,1305,1014,1041]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06EFFFC3BFAB67B17" box="[1187,1305,1014,1041]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 2) the first dorsal pore is found in 12/
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F330FFA06B9FFBD6FE547B33" box="[451,507,1050,1076]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.302" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" unit="in" value="13.0">13 in</quantity>
the new species, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA0691FFBD7FC167B33" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Kinberg" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[835,953,1050,1077]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA0691FFBD7FC167B33" box="[835,953,1050,1077]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it is found in 10/11 or 11/
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F330FFA06EBCFBD6FAB67B33" box="[1248,1305,1050,1076]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" unit="in" value="12.0">12 in</quantity>
the
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morph and the
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morph from the Smithsonian Institution, or 10/
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F330FFA06922FBF2FC1A7B5F" box="[894,949,1086,1112]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" unit="in" value="11.0">11 in</quantity>
the Sichuan morph, the
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F330FFA06E94FBF3FABB7B5E" box="[1224,1300,1087,1113]" name="Myanmar" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">Burma</collectingCountry>
morph, and the
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F330FFA06A9DFBAEFF4A7B7B" box="[193,229,1122,1148]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">US</collectingCountry>
morph from Brookfield (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74F330FFA0685AFBAEFD677B7B" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[518,712,1122,1148]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" refId="ref12342" refString="Blakemore, R. J. (2009) Cosmopolitan Earthworms-A Global and Historical Perspective. Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken, 621 pp." type="book" year="2009">Blakemore 2009</bibRefCitation>
); 3) there are no setae on the clitellum of the new species, but a few setae are always present on the ventral side of segment XVI in the Sichuan and
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F330FFA06E64FB4BFB2B7BA6" box="[1080,1156,1159,1185]" name="Myanmar" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">Burma</collectingCountry>
morphs of
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA06F5FFB4BFAD87BA7" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Kinberg" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[1283,1399,1158,1185]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06F5FFB4BFAD87BA7" box="[1283,1399,1158,1185]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 4) there are no genital markings in the spermathecal pore region of the new species, but they are present in
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA06F74FB67FA327BC3" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Kinberg" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[1320,1437,1194,1221]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06F74FB67FA327BC3" box="[1320,1437,1194,1221]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the
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morph (segment VI-IX) and the
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F330FFA068C7FB02FD107BEF" box="[667,703,1230,1256]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">US</collectingCountry>
morph from Brookfield; 5) the male porophores are elevated and surrounded by 2-3 shallow skin folds in the new species, but the male pore is on top of a whorl-like elevation in the Sichuan morph of
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA06B3AFADBFE747A37" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Kinberg" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[358,475,1302,1329]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06B3AFADBFE747A37" box="[358,475,1302,1329]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 6) there are no genital papillae in the male pore region of the new species, but one or more medial and postsetal genital papillae are present in the Sichuan,
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F330FFA069F5FAF6FC517A53" box="[937,1022,1338,1364]" name="Taiwan" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F330FFA06E55FAF7FBF77A52" box="[1033,1112,1339,1365]" name="Myanmar" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">Burma</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F330FFA06ECFFAF6FB187A53" box="[1171,1207,1338,1364]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">US</collectingCountry>
morphs of
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA06F64FAF7FF1E7A7F" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Kinberg" baseAuthorityYear="1867" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06F64FAF7FF1E7A7F" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 7) the spermathecal duct is obviously longer than the ampulla in the new species, whereas it is shorter than the ampulla in the
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F330FFA06B62FA4EFE3C7A9B" box="[318,403,1410,1436]" name="Taiwan" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F330FFA06BC2FA4FFE427A9A" box="[414,493,1411,1437]" name="Myanmar" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">Burma</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F330FFA06874FA4EFDE37A9B" box="[552,588,1410,1436]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">US</collectingCountry>
morphs of
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA06890FA4FFCEE7A9B" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Kinberg" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[716,833,1410,1437]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06890FA4FFCEE7A9B" box="[716,833,1410,1437]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B883685F330FFA06A9BFA6AFD927956" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">
On the other hand,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74F330FFA06BC6FA6AFDC97AC7" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[410,614,1446,1472]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" refId="ref12342" refString="Blakemore, R. J. (2009) Cosmopolitan Earthworms-A Global and Historical Perspective. Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken, 621 pp." type="book" year="2009">Blakemore (2009)</bibRefCitation>
reported that the
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morph of
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA069E1FA6BFB9E7AC7" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Kinberg" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[957,1073,1446,1473]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA069E1FA6BFB9E7AC7" box="[957,1073,1446,1473]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in rare cases, has only two pairs of spermathecal pores; in this characteristic, it differs from the Sichuan morph,
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F330FFA06E4BFA06FBC67AE3" box="[1047,1129,1482,1508]" name="Taiwan" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
morph, and
<collectingCountry id="F3207615F330FFA06EA4FA07FAEB7AE2" box="[1272,1348,1483,1509]" name="Myanmar" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">Burma</collectingCountry>
morph, but is similar to the new species. However,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74F330FFA068DAFA22FCCC790E" author="Chang, C. H. &amp; Snyder, B. A. &amp; Szlavecz, K." box="[646,867,1518,1545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" pagination="495 - 529" refId="ref12541" refString="Chang, C. H., Snyder, B. A. &amp; Szlavecz, K. (2016) Asian pheretimoid earthworms in North America north of Mexico: An illustrated key to the genera Amynthas, Metaphire, Pithemera, and Polypheretima (Clitellata: Megascolecidae). Zootaxa, 4179 (3), 495 - 529. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4179.3.7" type="journal article" year="2016">
Chang
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA0688BFA23FCBF790F" box="[727,784,1518,1544]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">et al.</emphasis>
(2016)
</bibRefCitation>
checked the specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA06EC8FA23FAA5790F" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Kinberg" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[1172,1290,1518,1545]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06EC8FA23FAA5790F" box="[1172,1290,1518,1545]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
preserved in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution,
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, DC, and found that the
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morph has three pairs of spermathecal pores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B883685F330FFA06A9BF996FAED7892" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">
Considering the spermathecal pores (three pairs in 5/6–7/8), simple intestinal caeca and long spermathecal duct,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA06ACBF9B3FE82799F" authority="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Wu &amp; Yuan &amp; Qiu, 2021" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Wu &amp; Yuan &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,301,1663,1689]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rusticanus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06ACBF9B3FE82799F" box="[151,301,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. rusticanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06B69F9B2FE3F799F" bold="true" box="[309,400,1662,1688]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27057ECF330FFA06B69F9B2FE3F799F" box="[309,400,1662,1688]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is also similar to the Chinese endemic species
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA069F7F9B2FA8C799F" authority="(Chen, 1938)" baseAuthorityName="Chen" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[939,1315,1662,1688]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="limpidus">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA069F7F9B2FB2D799F" box="[939,1154,1662,1688]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">Amynthas limpidus</emphasis>
(Chen, 1938)
</taxonomicName>
. However, they still have several differences: 1)
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA06865F96FFD6379BB" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Wu &amp; Yuan &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2021" box="[569,716,1699,1725]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rusticanus">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06865F96FFD6379BB" box="[569,716,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. rusticanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(length
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F330FFA06975F96EFC0E79BA" box="[809,929,1698,1725]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.95" metricValueMax="5.9" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" unit="mm" value="49.5" valueMax="59.0" valueMin="40.0">40–59 mm</quantity>
by width 1.9–2.0 mm) is smaller than
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA06F0CF96FFF7B79E7" baseAuthorityName="Chen" baseAuthorityYear="1938" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="limpidus">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06F0CF96FFF7B79E7" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. limpidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F330FFA06ABEF90AFEEF79E6" box="[226,320,1734,1761]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" unit="mm" value="150.0">150 mm</quantity>
by 6.0 mm) in body size; 2) the setae are moderate (34–46 on III, 46–60 on V, 50–60 on VIII, 46–48 on XX, 44–50 on XXV) in number in the new species, but extremely numerous (82 on III, 128 on VI, 142 on VII, 96 on XXV) in
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA06B78F8C3FE0B782F" baseAuthorityName="Chen" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[292,420,1806,1833]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="limpidus">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06B78F8C3FE0B782F" box="[292,420,1806,1833]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. limpidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 3) there are no genital papillae in the spermathecal and male pore regions in the new species, but several genital markings are present in
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA068E9F8FFFC9A784B" baseAuthorityName="Chen" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[693,821,1842,1869]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="limpidus">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA068E9F8FFFC9A784B" box="[693,821,1842,1869]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. limpidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 4) the prostate gland is developed in the new species, but undeveloped (Chen used “very small” to describe it) on
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA0696EF89BFC1F7877" baseAuthorityName="Chen" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[818,944,1878,1905]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="limpidus">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA0696EF89BFC1F7877" box="[818,944,1878,1905]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. limpidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 5) the spermathecal diverticulum is shorter than the main spermathecal axis in the new species, but slightly longer than the main pouch in
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA06EE0F8B7FA947893" baseAuthorityName="Chen" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[1212,1339,1914,1941]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="limpidus">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06EE0F8B7FA947893" box="[1212,1339,1914,1941]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. limpidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B883685F330FFA16A9BF852FD347E8E" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,150,393]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="462" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA06A9BF852FD3878BF" authority="(Goto &amp; Hatai, 1899)" baseAuthorityName="Goto &amp; Hatai" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[199,663,1950,1976]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="carnosus">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA06A9BF852FE0E78BF" box="[199,417,1950,1976]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">Amynthas carnosus</emphasis>
(Goto &amp; Hatai, 1899)
</taxonomicName>
also keys to the
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F330FFA0690CF853FC4378BF" authorityName="Rosa" authorityYear="1891" box="[848,1004,1950,1977]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hawayanus">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F330FFA0690CF853FC4378BF" box="[848,1004,1950,1977]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">A. hawayanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group and is very common in
<collectingRegion id="49F3F867F330FFA06F1EF852FF5478DB" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="4" pageNumber="461">Sichuan Province</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74F330FFA06B57F80EFE6078DB" author="Xu, Q. &amp; Xiao, N." box="[267,463,1986,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="461" refId="ref13459" refString="Xu, Q. &amp; Xiao, N. (2011) Chinese terrestrial earthworm. China Agriculture Press, Beijing, 321 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2011">Xu &amp; Xiao 2011</bibRefCitation>
), but it is not morphologically similar to the new species in having big body size (vs. small body size as length
<quantity id="4CCF9B60F331FFA16B99FF5AFDEF7FB6" box="[453,576,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.95" metricValueMax="5.9" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="462" unit="mm" value="49.5" valueMax="59.0" valueMin="40.0">40–59 mm</quantity>
by width 1.9–2.0 mm), two pairs of genital papillae on spermathecal pore region (vs. no genital papillae on spermathecal pore region predominantly), three pairs of genital papillae on male pore region (vs. no genital papillae on male pore region), and spermathecal diverticulum straight as well as half as long as the main spermathecal axis (vs. spermathecal diverticulum shorter than the main spermathecal axis by ¼, its stalk straight or twisted into two zigzags, and distal ¼ dilated into a heart- or oval-shaped seminal chamber). Besides, we have given a comparison of genetic similarity (
<tableCitation id="C6B5033EF331FFA1694EFE87FCC57E62" box="[786,874,331,357]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="13.[145,233,450,476]" captionTargetBox="[157,1988,491,1699]" captionTargetId="graphics-28@13.[145,2031,555,1705]" captionText="TABLE 2. Estimates of evolutionary divergence of P-distance between sequences" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF48660DF339FFA96ACDFE0EFC527EDB" pageId="5" pageNumber="462" tableUuid="DF48660DF339FFA96ACDFE0EFC527EDB">Table 2</tableCitation>
). The P-distance result (0.18) shows
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F331FFA16F54FE87FA327E63" authority="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Wu &amp; Yuan &amp; Qiu, 2021" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Wu &amp; Yuan &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2021" box="[1288,1437,331,357]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="5" pageNumber="462" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rusticanus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F331FFA16F54FE87FA327E63" box="[1288,1437,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="462">A. rusticanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B943EA97F331FFA16ACBFEA3FF5E7E8E" bold="true" box="[151,241,367,393]" pageId="5" pageNumber="462">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27057ECF331FFA16ACBFEA3FF5E7E8E" box="[151,241,367,393]" pageId="5" pageNumber="462" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06F331FFA16B7BFEA3FE047E8F" baseAuthorityName="Goto &amp; Hatai" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[295,427,367,393]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="5" pageNumber="462" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="carnosus">
<emphasis id="B943EA97F331FFA16B7BFEA3FE047E8F" box="[295,427,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="462">A. carnosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are different species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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