treatments-xml/data/22/70/87/227087A8354FB85CFF558A57FE167BF4.xml

<document id="4289B92A743B2223AB2E25DBBCD5BE50" ID-CLB-Dataset="55685" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5133.3.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fdcd0be5-2bf7-479b-8156-9f13c2eae0e8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6524171" ID-ZooBank="580FE77E-F1FE-4807-8A62-EA27CEB04B2A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1651757016487" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Joshi, Shantanu, Sawant, Dattaprasad, Ogale, Hemant &amp; Kunte, Krushnamegh" docDate="2022" docId="227087A8354FB85CFF558A57FE167BF4" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5133.3.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5133 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Burmagomphus chaukulensis Joshi, Ogale &amp; Sawant" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="429" masterDocId="DE49FFD0354EB84CFFC28F46FFD5795D" masterDocTitle="Burmagomphus chaukulensis, a new species of dragonfly (Odonata: Anisoptera Gomphidae) from the Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India" masterLastPageNumber="430" masterPageNumber="413" pageNumber="414" updateTime="1701998024828" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="F7104973F9ADB59C042C23C4ED7C3B71">Burmagomphus chaukulensis, a new species of dragonfly (Odonata: Anisoptera Gomphidae) from the Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B7205D41800F869E19188AD31B5CB172">Joshi, Shantanu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="169402890378FC70E6D83ECD98245FE6">Biodiversity Lab, National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bengaluru 560065, Karnataka, India &amp; Indian Foundation for Butterflies, Bangalore 560097, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="14D26D64DE02CA28877200D06FBD2125">Sawant, Dattaprasad</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="ABE936A06E1EF29B9BFC4E426B100A86">Indian Foundation for Butterflies, Bangalore 560097, India &amp; M. D. Community Medicine, Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India &amp; dattaprasad. 101 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0533 - 9292</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A1B303DE2EA34C4E5520DD9F376F3656">Ogale, Hemant</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0FB17AC642467829A2DB22126058D1E6">1040, Whistling Woods, Amboli, Sindhudurg 416510, Maharashtra, India &amp; hvogale @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7473 - 378 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="5A17BF8A0F089DFFBD935FB49DC76D84">Biodiversity Lab, National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bengaluru 560065, Karnataka, India &amp; krushnmaegh @ ncbs. res. in; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3860 - 6118</mods:affiliation>
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<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354FB84DFF558A57FDD77C71" bold="true" box="[151,514,1297,1324]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="414">Burmagomphus chaukulensis</emphasis>
Joshi, Ogale &amp; Sawant
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(
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. 
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(
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), 
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, 
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(
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leg.
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(
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)
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, 
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), the location, date of collection, and collector the same as for the 
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.
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</emphasis>
(
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)
</materialsCitation>
, 
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<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354FB84DFE52894FFE707F79" bold="true" box="[400,421,1545,1572]" pageId="1" pageNumber="414">
<specimenCount id="BCDFFD37354FB84DFE52894FFE707F79" box="[400,421,1545,1572]" pageId="1" pageNumber="414" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
</emphasis>
(
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) the location and collector the same as for the 
<typeStatus id="7562881C354FB84DFBA1894EFB1D7F7F" box="[1123,1224,1544,1570]" pageId="1" pageNumber="414" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, date of collection 
<date id="DE67107E354FB84DFF55896AFED17F1B" box="[151,260,1580,1606]" pageId="1" pageNumber="414" value="2021-06-06">
<collectingDate id="CE23E996354FB84DFF55896AFED17F1B" box="[151,260,1580,1606]" pageId="1" pageNumber="414" value="2021-06-06">6.vi.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE354FB84DFF058917FE257FD3" blockId="1.[151,1437,1400,2039]" pageId="1" pageNumber="414">
<materialsCitation id="1AB13CE3354FB84DFF058917FE257FD3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3763215302" collectingDate="2021-06-10" collectionCode="IBC-BN" collectorName="Hemant Ogale" country="India" county="Sindhudurg" elevation="690" latitude="15.986" location="Mulwand" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="74.03" municipality="Sawantwadi" pageId="1" pageNumber="414" specimenCode="IBC-BN814" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Maharashtra">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354FB84DFF058917FF397F37" bold="true" box="[199,236,1616,1644]" pageId="1" pageNumber="414">
<specimenCount id="BCDFFD37354FB84DFF058917FF097F31" box="[199,220,1617,1644]" pageId="1" pageNumber="414" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
(
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="FA7F9EC5354FB84DFF2E8916FEAF7F37" box="[236,378,1616,1642]" collectionCode="IBC-BN" pageId="1" pageNumber="414">IBC-BN814</specimenCode>
), 
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, 
<collectingMunicipality id="4A02ACC4354FB84DFDC78916FD447F37" box="[517,657,1616,1642]" pageId="1" pageNumber="414">Sawantwadi</collectingMunicipality>
, 
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, 
<collectingRegion id="681DF85C354FB84DFCEE8916FC6E7F37" box="[812,955,1616,1642]" country="India" name="Maharashtra" pageId="1" pageNumber="414">Maharashtra</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="D2CE762E354FB84DFC048916FBD57F37" box="[966,1024,1616,1642]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="414">India</collectingCountry>
(
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, 
<geoCoordinate id="CFED5079354FB84DFB518916FADC7F36" box="[1171,1289,1616,1643]" degrees="74.0300" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="414" precision="5" value="74.03">74.0300 E</geoCoordinate>
; Alt: 
<quantity id="6D219B5B354FB84DFA878916FA5A7F36" box="[1349,1423,1616,1643]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="414" unit="m" value="690.0">
<elevation id="21F4D18D354FB84DFA878916FA5A7F36" box="[1349,1423,1616,1643]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="414" unit="m" value="690.0">690 m</elevation>
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), 
<date id="DE67107E354FB84DFF558932FEC47FD3" box="[151,273,1652,1678]" pageId="1" pageNumber="414" value="2021-06-10">
<collectingDate id="CE23E996354FB84DFF558932FEC47FD3" box="[151,273,1652,1678]" pageId="1" pageNumber="414" value="2021-06-10">10.vi.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="072C5368354FB84DFEDF8933FE157FD3" box="[285,448,1652,1679]" pageId="1" pageNumber="414">Hemant Ogale</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2C36535354FB84DFF0589DEFE0B7E42" pageId="1" pageNumber="414" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="AA6636BE354FB84DFF0589DEFB487FEE" blockId="1.[151,1437,1400,2039]" box="[199,1181,1688,1715]" pageId="1" pageNumber="414">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354FB84DFF0589DEFE9B7FEF" bold="true" box="[199,334,1688,1714]" pageId="1" pageNumber="414">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species epithet is derived from the 
<typeStatus id="7562881C354FB84DFCCC89DFFCEB7FEE" box="[782,830,1689,1715]" pageId="1" pageNumber="414">type</typeStatus>
locality (adjective in genitive).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE354FB84DFF0589FAFE0B7E42" blockId="1.[151,1437,1400,2039]" pageId="1" pageNumber="414">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354FB84DFF0589FAFE3A7F8B" bold="true" box="[199,495,1724,1750]" pageId="1" pageNumber="414">Proposed English Name.</emphasis>
Spiny Horntail: specific name is given for the spines on posterior hamuli, and the name ‘Horntail’ is proposed for the genus based on the shape of caudal appendages in absence of any current common name for the genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2C36535354FB844FF05886EFB40788C" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="421" pageId="1" pageNumber="414" type="description">
<paragraph id="AA6636BE354FB84DFF05886EFD217E1F" blockId="1.[151,1437,1400,2039]" box="[199,756,1832,1858]" pageId="1" pageNumber="414">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354FB84DFF05886EFD217E1F" bold="true" box="[199,756,1832,1858]" pageId="1" pageNumber="414">
Description of 
<typeStatus id="7562881C354FB84DFEB5886EFE0B7E1F" box="[375,478,1832,1858]" pageId="1" pageNumber="414" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
IBC-BN809 (
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B354FB84DFDBD886EFD397E1F" box="[639,748,1832,1858]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,994,1018]" captionTargetBox-0="[173,1414,181,1919]" captionTargetBox-1="[152,1430,191,957]" captionTargetId-0="figure-19@2.[173,1414,181,1919]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@3.[151,1437,181,969]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Holotype male [IBC-BN809]: (a) head; (b) right lateral view of pterothorax and head; (c) dorsal habitus; (d) lateral habitus; (e-g) caudal appendages: (e) posterio-lateral, (f) dorsal, and (g) lateral view (scale=0.5 mm)." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Holotype male [IBC-BN809]. Forewing and hindwing (scale=5 mm)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524175" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524177" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6524175/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6524177/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="414">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE354FB84DFF05880BFC5A7ED7" blockId="1.[151,1437,1400,2039]" pageId="1" pageNumber="414">In life, black with yellow markings tinted pale green. Post-mortem, the markings from thorax till abdominal segment S2 became greenish-yellow, the rest pale brownish-yellow.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE354FB84DFF0588D2FBA87EAB" blockId="1.[151,1437,1400,2039]" pageId="1" pageNumber="414">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354FB84DFF0588D2FED17EF3" box="[199,260,1940,1966]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="414">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B354FB84DFED088D2FEB47EF3" box="[274,353,1940,1966]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[173,1414,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[173,1414,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Holotype male [IBC-BN809]: (a) head; (b) right lateral view of pterothorax and head; (c) dorsal habitus; (d) lateral habitus; (e-g) caudal appendages: (e) posterio-lateral, (f) dorsal, and (g) lateral view (scale=0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524175" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524175/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="414">Fig. 1a</figureCitation>
). In life eyes green, post-mortem dark brown. Face black marked with yellow: entirely on labium, paired spots on labrum and large spots on postfrons connected medially. First antennal segment striped brown, rest black. Median ocelli triangular, wider than lateral. Vertex, occiput and rest of head black.
</paragraph>
<caption id="FEA66636354CB84EFF5588D1FEEB7EA5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524175" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6524175" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524175/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="415" startId="2.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[173,1414,181,1919]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="AA6636BE354CB84EFF5588D1FEEB7EA5" blockId="2.[151,1436,1943,2040]" pageId="2" pageNumber="415">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354CB84EFF5588D1FDB77EF2" bold="true" box="[151,610,1943,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="415">
FIGURE 1. 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D354CB84EFEE188D1FDB77EF2" box="[291,610,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="2" pageNumber="415" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354CB84EFEE188D1FDB77EF2" bold="true" box="[291,610,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="415">Burmagomphus chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Holotype male [IBC-BN809]: (a) head; (b) right lateral view of pterothorax and head; (c) dorsal habitus; (d) lateral habitus; (e-g) caudal appendages: (e) posterio-lateral, (f) dorsal, and (g) lateral view (scale=0.5 mm).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="FEA66636354DB84FFF558CA4FACF7AA7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524177" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6524177" box="[151,1306,993,1018]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524177/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="416" startId="3.[151,250,994,1018]" targetBox="[152,1430,191,957]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="AA6636BE354DB84FFF558CA4FACF7AA7" blockId="3.[151,1306,993,1018]" box="[151,1306,993,1018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="416">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354DB84FFF558CA4FD867AA4" bold="true" box="[151,595,993,1018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="416">
FIGURE 2. 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D354DB84FFEDB8CA7FD867AA4" box="[281,595,993,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354DB84FFEDB8CA7FD867AA4" bold="true" box="[281,595,993,1017]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="416">Burmagomphus chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Holotype male [IBC-BN809]. Forewing and hindwing (scale=5 mm).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE354DB84FFF058B6EFB207DAB" blockId="3.[151,1437,1064,1991]" pageId="3" pageNumber="416">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354DB84FFF058B6EFECD7D1F" box="[199,280,1064,1090]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="416">Thorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B354DB84FFEEE8B6EFE547D1E" box="[300,385,1064,1091]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[173,1414,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[173,1414,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Holotype male [IBC-BN809]: (a) head; (b) right lateral view of pterothorax and head; (c) dorsal habitus; (d) lateral habitus; (e-g) caudal appendages: (e) posterio-lateral, (f) dorsal, and (g) lateral view (scale=0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524175" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524175/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="416">Fig. 1b</figureCitation>
). Prothorax black with yellow markings medially at anterior margin of anterior lobe, and laterally on middle lobe. Pterothorax marked yellow with mesothoracic collar. Mesepisternum with dorsal slightly oblique stripes, small spots wing bases, small oval spot near mesothoracic collar laterally. Dorsal carina processed into a spine. Mesepimeron with a broad stripe, slightly broader and rounded anteriorly. Mesepisternum with an irregular yellow stripe made up of three sections: middle section large, anterior section short and pointed, slightly disconnected from middle section. Metepimeron yellow. Coxae yellow near base, rest of legs black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE354DB84FFF058A47FC137CF6" blockId="3.[151,1437,1064,1991]" pageId="3" pageNumber="416">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354DB84FFF058A47FEDE7C47" box="[199,267,1281,1306]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="416">Wings</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B354DB84FFED88A46FE8A7C47" box="[282,351,1280,1306]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,994,1018]" captionTargetBox="[152,1430,191,957]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1437,181,969]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Holotype male [IBC-BN809]. Forewing and hindwing (scale=5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524177" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524177/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="416">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Hyaline, median space tinted pale yellow. Pt dark brown. Cubito-anal space with one crossvein. Ax [1 
<superScript id="5DAC9BF6354DB84FFF158A62FF377C6F" attach="left" box="[215,226,1316,1330]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="416">st</superScript>
and 5 
<superScript id="5DAC9BF6354DB84FFEE48A62FEE67C6F" attach="left" box="[294,307,1316,1330]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="416">th</superScript>
primary]: 14 (left)—13 (right) in FW, 
<quantity id="6D219B5B354DB84FFD208A62FCCF7C63" box="[738,794,1316,1342]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="3" pageNumber="416" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
HW; Px: 
<quantity id="6D219B5B354DB84FFC4A8A62FC147C63" box="[904,961,1316,1342]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="3" pageNumber="416" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
FW (two incomplete stems), 11 (left)—10 (right) in HW. Crossveins below subcosta 
<quantity id="6D219B5B354DB84FFDAF8A0EFD707C3F" box="[621,677,1352,1378]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.302" pageId="3" pageNumber="416" unit="in" value="13.0">13 in</quantity>
FW, 
<quantity id="6D219B5B354DB84FFD1D8A0EFCCD7C3F" box="[735,792,1352,1378]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="3" pageNumber="416" unit="in" value="12.0">12 in</quantity>
HW. Base of HW excavate with tornus forming an obtuse angle. Triangle crossed only in right HW. Anal triangle three celled with a central rectangular cell. Anal loop absent. Discoidal field commencing with two cells in FW and three cells in HW.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE354DB84FFF058AF2FDE37F67" blockId="3.[151,1437,1064,1991]" pageId="3" pageNumber="416">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354DB84FFF058AF2FEE47C93" box="[199,305,1460,1486]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="416">Abdomen</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B354DB84FFE838AF2FE7A7C92" box="[321,431,1460,1487]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[173,1414,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[173,1414,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Holotype male [IBC-BN809]: (a) head; (b) right lateral view of pterothorax and head; (c) dorsal habitus; (d) lateral habitus; (e-g) caudal appendages: (e) posterio-lateral, (f) dorsal, and (g) lateral view (scale=0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524175" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524175/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="416">Fig. 1c–d</figureCitation>
). Black with yellow markings (copper-yellow post-mortem). Lateral and dorsal markings on S1-2. S1 with a triangular markings dorsally; marking on S2 broad at posterior end, thinner and tapering posteriorly, ending before margin. S3–7 with basal rings, pointed posteriorly on dorsum of S2–3, S9 with a large trilobed marking at posterior margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE354DB84FFF058903FADD7E6B" blockId="3.[151,1437,1064,1991]" pageId="3" pageNumber="416">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354DB84FFF058903FE727F03" box="[199,423,1604,1631]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="416">Accessory genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B354DB84FFE7B8902FDFC7F03" box="[441,553,1604,1630]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1596,1620]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1551]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,181,1572]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Holotype male [IBC-BN809]. Hamuli: (a) lateral; and (b) ventral view. Vesica spermalis: (c) right lateral view; (d) lateral close-up; and e) dorsal view (scale=0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524181/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="416">Fig. 3a–e</figureCitation>
). Anterior hamuli short, broader at base, tapering at apices, dark brown and covered with thick setae at apices. Posterior hamuli nearly rectangular, wide with an apical ridge and sharp spines at anterior and posterior ends, anteriorly sharply curved with a single apical spine; posteriorly with variable number of spines: 1 (left) or 2 (right). Vesica spermalis black, V2 internally and V4 brown. V1 large, rounded; base slightly bi-lobed, covered with setae. V2 broader at base, curved at the junction with V3. V3 thin, constricted at the junction with V4. V4 apically with paired rectangular ridges at base. Distal segment translucent brown, with rounded lateral flaps; apices bifurcated with two protuberances giving rise to a pale brown, thick and coiled filament.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE354DB84FFF058806FA9A7EFF" blockId="3.[151,1437,1064,1991]" pageId="3" pageNumber="416">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354DB84FFF058806FE727E07" box="[199,423,1856,1882]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="416">Caudal appendages</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B354DB84FFE748806FDCB7E07" box="[438,542,1856,1882]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[173,1414,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[173,1414,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Holotype male [IBC-BN809]: (a) head; (b) right lateral view of pterothorax and head; (c) dorsal habitus; (d) lateral habitus; (e-g) caudal appendages: (e) posterio-lateral, (f) dorsal, and (g) lateral view (scale=0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524175" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524175/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="416">Fig 1e–g</figureCitation>
). Both black, divaricate with apices curved inwards. Cerci broad at base, apices with a sharp inwardly curved spine, outer margin expanded into two lobes. Paraproct ca one and half times longer than cerci, laterally flattened, broad at base, rounded in the middle, ending in a thin, upwardly curved spine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE354DB84FFF0588EBFBA37E9A" blockId="3.[151,1437,1064,1991]" box="[199,1142,1964,1991]" pageId="3" pageNumber="416">Measurements (in mm). Abdomen + caudal appendages= 30.7, FW= 27.7, HW= 25.</paragraph>
<caption id="FEA66636354AB848FF55897AFBC37F24" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524181" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6524181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524181/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="417" startId="4.[151,250,1596,1620]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1551]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="AA6636BE354AB848FF55897AFBC37F24" blockId="4.[151,1436,1596,1657]" pageId="4" pageNumber="417">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354AB848FF55897AFD897F09" bold="true" box="[151,604,1596,1620]" pageId="4" pageNumber="417">
FIGURE 3. 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D354AB848FEE2897AFD897F09" box="[288,604,1596,1620]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="4" pageNumber="417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354AB848FEE2897AFD897F09" bold="true" box="[288,604,1596,1620]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="417">Burmagomphus chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Holotype male [IBC-BN809]. Hamuli: (a) lateral; and (b) ventral view. Vesica spermalis: (c) right lateral view; (d) lateral close-up; and e) dorsal view (scale=0.5 mm).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE354AB848FF0589E0FD427F9D" blockId="4.[151,1436,1702,2017]" box="[199,663,1702,1729]" pageId="4" pageNumber="417">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354AB848FF0589E0FD427F9D" bold="true" box="[199,663,1702,1729]" pageId="4" pageNumber="417">
Variation in 
<typeStatus id="7562881C354AB848FE9F89E1FE1D7F9C" box="[349,456,1703,1729]" pageId="4" pageNumber="417" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
males (
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B354AB848FDE189E0FD5A7F9D" box="[547,655,1702,1728]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="5.[151,250,1763,1787]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox-0="[170,1417,181,1739]" captionTargetBox-1="[163,1423,345,1898]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@5.[170,1417,181,1739]" captionTargetId-1="figure-94@6.[163,1423,345,1898]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Paratype males. Lateral habitus: (a) IBC-BN810; (b) IBC-BN811; (c) IBC-BN814. Lateral view of thorax: (d) IBC-BN814; (e) IBC-BN810." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Paratype males. Right lateral view of hamuli: (a) IBC-BN810; (b) IBC-BN811; (c) IBC-BN814; (d) ventro-lateral view of hamuli: IBC-BN811; lateral view of caudal appendages: (e) IBC-BN811; (f) IBC-BN814 (scale=0.5 mm)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524183" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524185" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6524183/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6524185/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="417">Figs. 4–5</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE354AB848FF05898DFF257E70" blockId="4.[151,1436,1702,2017]" pageId="4" pageNumber="417">Thoracic markings consistent among males. Number of spines on posterior corner of left and right hamuli is variable, two on both sides in IBC-BN810, 2 (left) and 3 (right) in IBC-BN811, and 1 on both sides in IBC- BN814.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE354AB848FF058871FCAA7E28" blockId="4.[151,1436,1702,2017]" pageId="4" pageNumber="417">
IBC-BN810 is presumably a younger male as indicated by the shriveled up abdomen, sheen to the body, and translucent pale brown Pt (
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B354AB848FE06881DFDC37E28" box="[452,534,1883,1909]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1763,1787]" captionTargetBox="[170,1417,181,1739]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[170,1417,181,1739]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Paratype males. Lateral habitus: (a) IBC-BN810; (b) IBC-BN811; (c) IBC-BN814. Lateral view of thorax: (d) IBC-BN814; (e) IBC-BN810." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524183/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="417">Fig. 4a</figureCitation>
). Pt light brown in IBC-BN814.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE354AB848FF058839FA527EE0" blockId="4.[151,1436,1702,2017]" pageId="4" pageNumber="417">
Ax [1 
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and 5 
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primary]: 13–14 (left): 13–14 (right) in FW, 9–10 (left): 9–10 (right) in HW; Px: 10–11 (left): 10–12 (right) in FW, 9–11 (right): 9–11 (left) in HW. Crossveins below subcosta 
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FW, and 
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HW.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE354AB848FF058881FA897EBC" blockId="4.[151,1436,1702,2017]" box="[199,1372,1990,2017]" pageId="4" pageNumber="417">Measurements (in mm). Abdomen + caudal appendages = 31.3–32.6, FW = 27.8–28.9, HW = 26.5–27.6.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AA6636BE354BB849FF5589A5FD0C7E42" blockId="5.[151,1437,1763,1823]" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354BB849FF5589A5FD877FA6" bold="true" box="[151,594,1763,1787]" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">
FIGURE 4. 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D354BB849FEDB89A5FD877FA6" box="[281,594,1763,1787]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="5" pageNumber="418" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354BB849FEDB89A5FD877FA6" bold="true" box="[281,594,1763,1787]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">Burmagomphus chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Paratype males. Lateral habitus: (a) IBC-BN810; (b) IBC-BN811; (c) IBC-BN814. Lateral view of thorax: (d) IBC-BN814; (e) IBC-BN810.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE354BB849FF05880BFC9A7E3A" blockId="5.[151,1436,1869,2039]" box="[199,847,1869,1896]" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354BB849FF05880BFC9A7E3A" bold="true" box="[199,847,1869,1896]" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">
Description of 
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female IBC-BN812 (
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B354BB849FD18880BFC927E3A" box="[730,839,1869,1895]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 6" captionStart-1="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="7.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionStartId-1="8.[151,250,1511,1535]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,181,1800]" captionTargetBox-1="[165,1408,500,1481]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@7.[151,1436,181,1800]" captionTargetId-1="figure-156@8.[165,1422,489,1488]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionText-0="FIGURE 6. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Paratype female [IBC-BN812]: (a) head; (b) left lateral view of thorax; (c) dorsal habitus; (d) dorsal view of thorax; (e) lateral habitus." captionText-1="FIGURE 7. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Paratype female [IBC-BN812] caudal appendages: (a) dorsal; (b) lateral; (c) ventral view (scale= 0.5 mm)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524187" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524189" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6524187/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6524189/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">Figs. 6–7</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE354BB849FF058837FD677EAA" blockId="5.[151,1436,1869,2039]" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC354BB849FF058837FED17ED6" box="[199,260,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B354BB849FEDA8837FEBB7ED1" box="[280,366,1905,1932]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[151,1436,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Paratype female [IBC-BN812]: (a) head; (b) left lateral view of thorax; (c) dorsal habitus; (d) dorsal view of thorax; (e) lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524187" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524187/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">Fig. 6a</figureCitation>
). Black. Eyes green in life dark brown post-mortem, marked yellow as follows: labium &amp; mandibles, elongated spots on lateral margins of labrum, faint miniscule markings- medially on anteclypeus and base of postclypeus and latero-apical margins of postclypeus, postfrons with two large oval markings disjointed medially. Paired, small black postocellar spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE3548B84AFF058FD1FC66781C" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="419">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3548B84AFF058FD1FECD79EC" box="[199,280,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="419">Thorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3548B84AFEEB8FD1FE4C79EF" box="[297,409,151,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[151,1436,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Paratype female [IBC-BN812]: (a) head; (b) left lateral view of thorax; (c) dorsal habitus; (d) dorsal view of thorax; (e) lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524187" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524187/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="419">Fig. 6b–e</figureCitation>
). Prothorax (
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3548B84AFDEE8FD1FDAB79EF" box="[556,638,151,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[151,1436,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Paratype female [IBC-BN812]: (a) head; (b) left lateral view of thorax; (c) dorsal habitus; (d) dorsal view of thorax; (e) lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524187" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524187/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="419">Fig. 6d</figureCitation>
) black, yellow at anterior margin and rectangular markings on mediolateral lobes. Pterothorax marked yellow as in male: mesothoracic collar, short dorsal stripes, small spots near wing bases, small median stripes at margin of mesepisternum, broad stripe on mesepimeron, metepisternum with an irregular stripe: broad at base, constricted then broadening again, pointed at curved at spiracle, metepimeron completely yellow. Coxae and base of femur yellow; rest of legs black.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AA6636BE3548B84AFF5588C7FEEB7EBF" blockId="6.[151,1436,1921,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="419">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3548B84AFF5588C7FD877EC4" bold="true" box="[151,594,1921,1946]" pageId="6" pageNumber="419">
FIGURE 5. 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3548B84AFEDB88C7FD877EC4" box="[281,594,1921,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="6" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3548B84AFEDB88C7FD877EC4" bold="true" box="[281,594,1921,1945]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="419">Burmagomphus chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Paratype males. Right lateral view of hamuli: (a) IBC-BN810; (b) IBC-BN811; (c) IBC-BN814; (d) ventro-lateral view of hamuli: IBC-BN811; lateral view of caudal appendages: (e) IBC-BN811; (f) IBC-BN814 (scale=0.5 mm).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="FEA666363549B84BFF558866FD657E01" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524187" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6524187" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524187/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="420" startId="7.[151,250,1824,1848]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1800]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="AA6636BE3549B84BFF558866FD657E01" blockId="7.[151,1436,1824,1884]" pageId="7" pageNumber="420">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3549B84BFF558866FD807E65" bold="true" box="[151,597,1824,1848]" pageId="7" pageNumber="420">
FIGURE 6. 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3549B84BFED98866FD807E65" box="[283,597,1824,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="7" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3549B84BFED98866FD807E65" bold="true" box="[283,597,1824,1848]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="420">Burmagomphus chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Paratype female [IBC-BN812]: (a) head; (b) left lateral view of thorax; (c) dorsal habitus; (d) dorsal view of thorax; (e) lateral habitus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE3549B84BFF0588CDFAEE7EB0" blockId="7.[151,1437,1930,2029]" pageId="7" pageNumber="420">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3549B84BFF0588CDFEDF7EF9" box="[199,266,1931,1956]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="420">Wings</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3549B84BFED988CCFEB87EF8" box="[283,365,1930,1957]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[151,1436,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Paratype female [IBC-BN812]: (a) head; (b) left lateral view of thorax; (c) dorsal habitus; (d) dorsal view of thorax; (e) lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524187" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524187/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="420">Fig. 6c</figureCitation>
). Unevenly tinted pale yellow at bases, especially in median and subcostal areas. Ax [1 
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and 5 
<superScript id="5DAC9BF63549B84BFA5288CCFA487EC5" attach="none" box="[1424,1437,1930,1944]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="420">th</superScript>
primary]: 
<quantity id="6D219B5B3549B84BFEC688E8FEEC7E95" box="[260,313,1966,1993]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" pageId="7" pageNumber="420" unit="in" value="15.0">15 in</quantity>
FW, 11 (left)—10 (right) in HW; Px: 11 (left)—13 (right) in FW, 11 (left)—12 (right) in HW. Crossveins below subcostal 
<quantity id="6D219B5B3549B84BFE8F8895FE507EB1" box="[333,389,2002,2029]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.556" pageId="7" pageNumber="420" unit="in" value="14.0">14 in</quantity>
FW, 
<quantity id="6D219B5B3549B84BFE028895FDCF7EB1" box="[448,538,2002,2029]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.667" metricValueMax="2.794" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="7" pageNumber="420" unit="in" value="10.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="10.0">10-11 in</quantity>
HW. Pt brown. Triangle not crossed. One crossvein in cubito-anal space.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE3546B844FF058FD1FA487988" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,465]" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FF058FD1FEE479EC" box="[199,305,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">Abdomen</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3546B844FE868FD1FE6379EC" box="[324,438,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[151,1436,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Paratype female [IBC-BN812]: (a) head; (b) left lateral view of thorax; (c) dorsal habitus; (d) dorsal view of thorax; (e) lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524187" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524187/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">Fig. 6c, e</figureCitation>
). Black, marked yellow as follows: S1–2 lateral and dorsal stripe, basal rings on S3– 7, posterior margin of S9 apically, and paired markings on posterior margin of S10 tapering towards the center.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE3546B844FF558F99FAD879A4" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,465]" box="[151,1293,223,249]" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FF558F99FEA279A4" box="[151,375,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">Caudal appendages</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3546B844FE448F99FE2679A4" box="[390,499,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1511,1535]" captionTargetBox="[165,1408,500,1481]" captionTargetId="figure-156@8.[165,1422,489,1488]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Paratype female [IBC-BN812] caudal appendages: (a) dorsal; (b) lateral; (c) ventral view (scale= 0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524189" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524189/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">Fig. 7a–c</figureCitation>
). Black, cerci broad at base, pointed at apices, curved slightly inwards.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE3546B844FF058E45FC827840" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,465]" box="[199,855,259,285]" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">Vulvar scale rounded, with a semicircular notch at middle.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE3546B844FF058E61FB4A781C" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,465]" box="[199,1183,295,321]" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">Measurements (in mm). Abdomen + caudal appendages = 32.4, FW = 27.6, HW = 29.4.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE3546B844FF058E0CFC847839" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,465]" box="[199,849,330,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FF058E0CFC847839" bold="true" box="[199,849,330,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">
Differences in the 
<typeStatus id="7562881C3546B844FE628E0DFDDE7838" box="[416,523,331,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="421" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
female IBC-BN813 (
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3546B844FCC18E0CFC9D7839" box="[771,840,330,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1955,1979]" captionTargetBox="[190,1398,381,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-130@9.[190,1398,381,1932]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 8. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Paratype female [IBC-BN813]: (a) dorsal habitus; (b) head; (c) lateral habitus; (d) caudal appendages dorsal; (e) caudal appendages ventral (b, d: scale=0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524191" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524191/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE3546B844FF058E29FB40788C" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,465]" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">
Ax [1 
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and 6 
<superScript id="5DAC9BF63546B844FEB98E28FE5D7821" attach="left" box="[379,392,366,380]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">th</superScript>
primary]: 16 (left)—15 (right) in FW, 
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HW; Px: 
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FW, 15 (left)—14 (right) in HW. Crossveins below subcosta 
<quantity id="6D219B5B3546B844FD6A8ED4FD3F78F0" box="[680,746,402,429]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" pageId="8" pageNumber="421" unit="in" value="15.0">15 in</quantity>
FW, 11 (left, 5 
<superScript id="5DAC9BF63546B844FC758ED4FC1178FD" attach="left" box="[951,964,402,416]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">th</superScript>
crossvein looped)—12 (right) in HW. Measurements (in mm). Abdomen + caudal appendages = 34.1, FW = 28.7, HW = 30.2-31.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FF558AA1FD857CA2" bold="true" box="[151,592,1511,1535]" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">
FIGURE 7. 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3546B844FEDA8AA1FD857CA2" box="[280,592,1511,1535]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FEDA8AA1FD857CA2" bold="true" box="[280,592,1511,1535]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">Burmagomphus chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Paratype female [IBC-BN812] caudal appendages: (a) dorsal; (b) lateral; (c) ventral view (scale= 0.5 mm).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="E2C365353546B85CFF058917FCAE788C" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="429" pageId="8" pageNumber="421" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="AA6636BE3546B844FF058917FE3D7E35" blockId="8.[151,1437,1617,2040]" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FF058917FE127F36" bold="true" box="[199,455,1617,1643]" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
. Kosterin 
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FD828914FDAF7F36" box="[576,634,1617,1643]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">et al.</emphasis>
(2015) proposed a grouping of 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3546B844FC248917FB1B7F31" box="[998,1230,1617,1644]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FC248917FB427F36" box="[998,1175,1617,1643]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">Burmagomphus</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
based on thoracic markings (see 
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3546B844FEFF8933FE177FD2" box="[317,450,1653,1679]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 11" captionStart-1="FIGURE 12" captionStartId-0="12.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[185,1402,181,1919]" captionTargetBox-1="[185,1402,181,1919]" captionTargetId-0="figure-19@12.[185,1402,181,1919]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@13.[185,1402,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionText-0="FIGURE 11. Thorax of Indian Burmagomphus spp. in dorsal view: (a) B. chaukulensis sp. nov.; (b) B. cauverivus; (c) B. divaricatus; (d) B. hasimaricus; (e) B. laidlawi; (f) B. pyramidalis (not to scale)." captionText-1="FIGURE 12. Thorax of Indian Burmagomphus spp. in lateral view: (a) B. chaukulensis sp. nov.; (b) B. cauverivus; (c) B. divaricatus; (d) B. hasimaricus; (e) B. laidlawi; (f) B. pyramidalis (not to scale)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524199" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524201" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6524199/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6524201/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">Figs. 11–12</figureCitation>
) that we follow here. Group 1 comprises of species with fused dorsal and antehumeral stripes (representatives in 
<collectingCountry id="D2CE762E3546B844FE7889DFFE2D7FEE" box="[442,504,1689,1715]" name="India" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">India</collectingCountry>
: 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3546B844FDC089DCFD4A7FEE" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[514,671,1689,1715]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="divaricatus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FDC089DCFD4A7FEE" box="[514,671,1689,1715]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">B. divaricatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3546B844FD6E89DCFC087FEE" box="[684,989,1689,1715]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pyramidalis" subSpecies="pyramidalis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FD6E89DCFC087FEE" box="[684,989,1689,1715]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">B. pyramidalis pyramidalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3546B844FC2889DCFB447FEE" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[1002,1169,1689,1715]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hasimaricus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FC2889DCFB447FEE" box="[1002,1169,1689,1715]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">B. hasimaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). In Group 2, the dorsal and antehumeral stripes are separated and short (e.g., 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3546B844FD3189F8FBF47F8A" authority="Fraser, 1926" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1926" box="[755,1057,1725,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cauvericus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FD3189F8FC597F8A" box="[755,908,1726,1751]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">B. cauvericus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CE484B4F3546B844FC5189F8FBF47F8A" author="Fraser, F. C." box="[915,1057,1725,1752]" pageId="8" pageNumber="421" pagination="408 - 426" refId="ref5675" refString="Fraser, F. C. (1926) Indian dragonflies. Part 24. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 31, 408 - 426." type="journal article" year="1926">Fraser, 1926</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3546B844FB9F89F8FB0D7F8A" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[1117,1240,1725,1751]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laidlawi">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FB9F89F8FB0D7F8A" box="[1117,1240,1725,1751]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">B. laidlawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; both endemic to Western Ghats). Group 3 exhibits an extensive antehumeral stripe that is not connected to the dorsal stripe (the sole 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3546B844FF558843FF0A7E42" box="[151,223,1797,1823]" class="Aves" family="Phasianidae" genus="Indian" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galliformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="413" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Indian</taxonomicName>
representative: 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3546B844FE568840FD377E42" authority="Laidlaw, 1922" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1922" box="[404,738,1797,1823]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sivalikensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FE568840FDE07E42" box="[404,565,1797,1823]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">B. sivalikensis</emphasis>
Laidlaw, 1922
</taxonomicName>
). Based on short, unconnected antehumeral and dorsal stripes (
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3546B844FF5D886FFF397E1E" box="[159,236,1833,1859]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[173,1414,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[173,1414,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Holotype male [IBC-BN809]: (a) head; (b) right lateral view of pterothorax and head; (c) dorsal habitus; (d) lateral habitus; (e-g) caudal appendages: (e) posterio-lateral, (f) dorsal, and (g) lateral view (scale=0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524175" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524175/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3546B844FF3A886FFED27E1E" box="[248,263,1833,1859]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1763,1787]" captionTargetBox="[170,1417,181,1739]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[170,1417,181,1739]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Paratype males. Lateral habitus: (a) IBC-BN810; (b) IBC-BN811; (c) IBC-BN814. Lateral view of thorax: (d) IBC-BN814; (e) IBC-BN810." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524183/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">4</figureCitation>
) the newly described 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3546B844FE3B886CFD7D7E1E" box="[505,680,1833,1859]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FE3B886CFD7D7E1E" box="[505,680,1833,1859]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">B. chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to the Group 2 along with the two Western Ghats endemics: 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3546B844FF558808FEFA7E3A" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1926" box="[151,303,1870,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cauvericus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FF558808FEFA7E3A" box="[151,303,1870,1895]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">B. cauvericus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3546B844FEA48808FE347E3A" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[358,481,1869,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laidlawi">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FEA48808FE347E3A" box="[358,481,1869,1895]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">B. laidlawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE3546B845FF058837FB627838" blockId="8.[151,1437,1617,2040]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,357]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="422" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3546B844FF058837FDC47ED6" box="[199,529,1905,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FF058837FDC47ED6" box="[199,529,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">Burmagomphus chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3546B844FD208834FC887ED6" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[738,861,1905,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laidlawi">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FD208834FC887ED6" box="[738,861,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">B. laidlawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in terms of thoracic markings (
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3546B844FB7D8837FAD97ED6" box="[1215,1292,1905,1931]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[173,1414,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[173,1414,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Holotype male [IBC-BN809]: (a) head; (b) right lateral view of pterothorax and head; (c) dorsal habitus; (d) lateral habitus; (e-g) caudal appendages: (e) posterio-lateral, (f) dorsal, and (g) lateral view (scale=0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524175" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524175/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3546B844FAD98837FAB17ED6" box="[1307,1380,1905,1931]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 10" captionStart-1="FIGURE 11" captionStart-2="FIGURE 12" captionStartId-0="11.[151,250,1483,1507]" captionStartId-1="12.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-2="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,181,1459]" captionTargetBox-1="[185,1402,181,1919]" captionTargetBox-2="[185,1402,181,1919]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@11.[151,1436,181,1459]" captionTargetId-1="figure-19@12.[185,1402,181,1919]" captionTargetId-2="figure-17@13.[185,1402,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId-0="11" captionTargetPageId-1="12" captionTargetPageId-2="13" captionText-0="FIGURE 10. Burmagomphus laidlawi. (a, c–f) male, ZSI-SRC I/OD/1970; (b) female ZSI-SRC I/OD/1970. (a–b) lateral view of thorax; (c) ventral view of hamuli; (d) lateral view of hamuli and accessory genitalia; (e–f) dorsal and lateral view of caudal appendages (scale = 1mm) [Photos: K. A. Subramanian]." captionText-1="FIGURE 11. Thorax of Indian Burmagomphus spp. in dorsal view: (a) B. chaukulensis sp. nov.; (b) B. cauverivus; (c) B. divaricatus; (d) B. hasimaricus; (e) B. laidlawi; (f) B. pyramidalis (not to scale)." captionText-2="FIGURE 12. Thorax of Indian Burmagomphus spp. in lateral view: (a) B. chaukulensis sp. nov.; (b) B. cauverivus; (c) B. divaricatus; (d) B. hasimaricus; (e) B. laidlawi; (f) B. pyramidalis (not to scale)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524197" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524199" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524201" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6524197/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6524199/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/6524201/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">10–12</figureCitation>
), but the following characters easily distinguish it from 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3546B844FD1E88D0FC8F7EF2" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[732,858,1941,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laidlawi">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FD1E88D0FC8F7EF2" box="[732,858,1941,1967]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">B. laidlawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: (a) spines on both ends of posterior hamuli in 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3546B844FA4688D0FEFD7E8E" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FA4688D0FEFD7E8E" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">B. chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, spines only on anterior side in 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3546B844FD4688FCFD2B7E8E" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[644,766,1977,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laidlawi">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FD4688FCFD2B7E8E" box="[644,766,1977,2003]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">B. laidlawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3546B844FCCE88FFFC8C7E8E" box="[780,857,1977,2003]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1596,1620]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1551]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,181,1572]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Holotype male [IBC-BN809]. Hamuli: (a) lateral; and (b) ventral view. Vesica spermalis: (c) right lateral view; (d) lateral close-up; and e) dorsal view (scale=0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524181/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3546B844FCA788FFFCA07E89" box="[869,885,1977,2004]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,345,1898]" captionTargetId="figure-94@6.[163,1423,345,1898]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Paratype males. Right lateral view of hamuli: (a) IBC-BN810; (b) IBC-BN811; (c) IBC-BN814; (d) ventro-lateral view of hamuli: IBC-BN811; lateral view of caudal appendages: (e) IBC-BN811; (f) IBC-BN814 (scale=0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524185" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524185/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">5</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3546B844FCBD88FFFC487E8E" box="[895,925,1977,2003]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1483,1507]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[151,1436,181,1459]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 10. Burmagomphus laidlawi. (a, c–f) male, ZSI-SRC I/OD/1970; (b) female ZSI-SRC I/OD/1970. (a–b) lateral view of thorax; (c) ventral view of hamuli; (d) lateral view of hamuli and accessory genitalia; (e–f) dorsal and lateral view of caudal appendages (scale = 1mm) [Photos: K. A. Subramanian]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524197/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">10</figureCitation>
), (b) shape of V3–4 tubular in 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3546B844FB2C88FCFA487E8E" box="[1262,1437,1977,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FB2C88FCFA487E8E" box="[1262,1437,1977,2003]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">B. chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with apical filament thicker at base, versus V4 small, saddle-shaped, with thin apical filament in 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3546B844FB1B8898FA817EAA" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[1241,1364,2013,2039]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laidlawi">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3546B844FB1B8898FA817EAA" box="[1241,1364,2013,2039]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">B. laidlawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3546B845FAA6889BFF1B79EC" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1596,1620]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1551]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,181,1572]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Holotype male [IBC-BN809]. Hamuli: (a) lateral; and (b) ventral view. Vesica spermalis: (c) right lateral view; (d) lateral close-up; and e) dorsal view (scale=0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524181/files/figure.png" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="422" pageId="8" pageNumber="421">Figs. 3c–e</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3547B845FF188FD1FEF779EF" box="[218,290,151,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1483,1507]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[151,1436,181,1459]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 10. Burmagomphus laidlawi. (a, c–f) male, ZSI-SRC I/OD/1970; (b) female ZSI-SRC I/OD/1970. (a–b) lateral view of thorax; (c) ventral view of hamuli; (d) lateral view of hamuli and accessory genitalia; (e–f) dorsal and lateral view of caudal appendages (scale = 1mm) [Photos: K. A. Subramanian]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524197/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="422">10c–d</figureCitation>
), (c) cerci sharply pointed to a spine with a bilobed base at apices of 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3547B845FBE98FD1FB0979EC" box="[1067,1244,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3547B845FBE98FD1FB0979EC" box="[1067,1244,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="422">B. chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, versus inwardly curved apices with small basal spines at apices in 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3547B845FD168FFDFC847988" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[724,849,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laidlawi">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3547B845FD168FFDFC847988" box="[724,849,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="422">B. laidlawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3547B845FCA38FFDFC607988" box="[865,949,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@14.[272,1315,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 13. Caudal appendages of Indian Burmagomphus spp. in dorsal and lateral views. (a–b) B. chaukulensis sp. nov.; (c–d) B. divaricatus; (e–f) B. hasimaricus; (g–h) B. laidlawi; (i–j) B. pyramidalis [scale=0.5 mm]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524203/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="422">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
), (d) stripe on mesepisternum reduced and pointed anteriorly in 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3547B845FE478F99FDE379A4" box="[389,566,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3547B845FE478F99FDE379A4" box="[389,566,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="422">B. chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,versus broad, rounded and not pointed anteriorly in 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3547B845FB448F99FAD779A4" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[1158,1282,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laidlawi">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3547B845FB448F99FAD779A4" box="[1158,1282,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="422">B. laidlawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3547B845FAD08F99FA5A79A4" box="[1298,1423,223,249]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 11" captionStart-1="FIGURE 12" captionStartId-0="12.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[185,1402,181,1919]" captionTargetBox-1="[185,1402,181,1919]" captionTargetId-0="figure-19@12.[185,1402,181,1919]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@13.[185,1402,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionText-0="FIGURE 11. Thorax of Indian Burmagomphus spp. in dorsal view: (a) B. chaukulensis sp. nov.; (b) B. cauverivus; (c) B. divaricatus; (d) B. hasimaricus; (e) B. laidlawi; (f) B. pyramidalis (not to scale)." captionText-1="FIGURE 12. Thorax of Indian Burmagomphus spp. in lateral view: (a) B. chaukulensis sp. nov.; (b) B. cauverivus; (c) B. divaricatus; (d) B. hasimaricus; (e) B. laidlawi; (f) B. pyramidalis (not to scale)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524199" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524201" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6524199/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6524201/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="422">Fig. 11–12</figureCitation>
), and (e) markings on S8 (unmarked in 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3547B845FD8E8E45FD2B7840" box="[588,766,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3547B845FD8E8E45FD2B7840" box="[588,766,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="422">B. chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, yellow posterior margin, dorsal markings at base and two spots in 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3547B845FF388E61FEAD781C" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[250,376,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laidlawi">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3547B845FF388E61FEAD781C" box="[250,376,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="422">B. laidlawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Males of 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3547B845FDC28E61FD66781C" box="[512,691,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3547B845FDC28E61FD66781C" box="[512,691,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="422">B. chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are slightly smaller than males of 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3547B845FB8A8E61FB36781D" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1926" box="[1096,1251,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cauvericus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3547B845FB8A8E61FB36781D" box="[1096,1251,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="422">B. cauvericus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3547B845FADD8E61FA49781C" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[1311,1436,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laidlawi">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3547B845FADD8E61FA49781C" box="[1311,1436,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="422">B. laidlawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(abdomen length 
<quantity id="6D219B5B3547B845FE998E0CFE067838" box="[347,467,330,357]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8105" metricValueMax="8.001" metricValueMin="7.62" pageId="9" pageNumber="422" unit="in" value="30.75" valueMax="31.5" valueMin="30.0">30–31.5 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3547B845FE188E0DFD5F7838" box="[474,650,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3547B845FE188E0DFD5F7838" box="[474,650,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="422">B. chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, versus 
<quantity id="6D219B5B3547B845FD248E0CFCCA7838" box="[742,799,330,357]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.89" pageId="9" pageNumber="422" unit="in" value="35.0">35 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3547B845FCE48E0DFC6B7839" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1926" box="[806,958,331,356]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cauvericus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3547B845FCE48E0DFC6B7839" box="[806,958,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="422">B. cauvericus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<quantity id="6D219B5B3547B845FC378E0DFBFB7838" box="[1013,1070,331,357]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.382" pageId="9" pageNumber="422" unit="in" value="33.0">33 in</quantity>
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3547B845FBF78E0DFB627838" box="[1077,1207,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="422">
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3547B845FBF78E0DFB667838" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[1077,1203,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laidlawi">B. laidlawi</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<caption id="FEA666363547B845FF5588E5FC607E82" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524191" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6524191" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524191/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="422" startId="9.[151,250,1955,1979]" targetBox="[190,1398,381,1922]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="AA6636BE3547B845FF5588E5FC607E82" blockId="9.[151,1436,1955,2015]" pageId="9" pageNumber="422">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3547B845FF5588E5FD817EE6" bold="true" box="[151,596,1955,1979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="422">
FIGURE 8. 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3547B845FED888E5FD817EE6" box="[282,596,1955,1979]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3547B845FED888E5FD817EE6" bold="true" box="[282,596,1955,1979]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="422">Burmagomphus chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Paratype female [IBC-BN813]: (a) dorsal habitus; (b) head; (c) lateral habitus; (d) caudal appendages dorsal; (e) caudal appendages ventral (b, d: scale=0.5 mm).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="FEA666363544B846FF558A94FB5F7F53" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524193" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6524193" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524193/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" startId="10.[151,250,1490,1514]" targetBox="[155,1432,185,1462]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="AA6636BE3544B846FF558A94FB5F7F53" blockId="10.[151,1436,1490,1550]" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FF558A94FD8D7CB7" bold="true" box="[151,600,1490,1514]" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">
FIGURE 9. 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FEDF8A94FD8D7CB7" box="[285,600,1490,1514]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FEDF8A94FD8D7CB7" bold="true" box="[285,600,1490,1514]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">Burmagomphus chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
in situ. (a) male, 4.vi.2021, Chaukul, Maharashtra, India; (b–d) IBC-BN811; (e) female, 4.vi.2021, Chaukul, Maharashtra, India; (f) copula, 4.vi.2021, Chaukul, Maharashtra, India.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE3544B846FF05897AFC3C7E73" blockId="10.[151,1437,1596,2019]" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FF05897AFDC17F0B" box="[199,532,1596,1622]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FF05897AFDC17F0B" box="[199,532,1596,1622]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">Burmagomphus chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FD70897BFC9B7F0B" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1926" box="[690,846,1597,1622]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cauvericus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FD70897BFC9B7F0B" box="[690,846,1597,1622]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">B. cauvericus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in terms of: (a) smaller size (abdomen length 30– 31.5 versus 
<quantity id="6D219B5B3544B846FEE08926FE887F27" box="[290,349,1632,1659]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.89" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" unit="in" value="35.0">35 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FEA78927FDD57F27" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1926" box="[357,512,1633,1658]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cauvericus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FEA78927FDD57F27" box="[357,512,1633,1658]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">B. cauvericus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), (b) posterior hamuli with spines on both ends in 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FB898927FB287F27" box="[1099,1277,1632,1658]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FB898927FB287F27" box="[1099,1277,1632,1658]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">B. chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, no spines on posterior end in 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FE9789C3FE3A7FC3" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1926" box="[341,495,1669,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cauvericus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FE9789C3FE3A7FC3" box="[341,495,1669,1694]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">B. cauvericus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and (c) thoracic stripes on mesepimeron and metepisternum separated from each other and parallel in 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FEB989EFFDFF7F9F" box="[379,554,1704,1730]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FEB989EFFDFF7F9F" box="[379,554,1704,1730]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">B. chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, fused at base in 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FD2A89EFFCAA7F9F" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1926" box="[744,895,1705,1730]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cauvericus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FD2A89EFFCAA7F9F" box="[744,895,1705,1730]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">B. cauvericus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3544B846FC4C89EEFBC17F9F" box="[910,1044,1704,1730]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 11" captionStart-1="FIGURE 12" captionStartId-0="12.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[185,1402,181,1919]" captionTargetBox-1="[185,1402,181,1919]" captionTargetId-0="figure-19@12.[185,1402,181,1919]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@13.[185,1402,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionText-0="FIGURE 11. Thorax of Indian Burmagomphus spp. in dorsal view: (a) B. chaukulensis sp. nov.; (b) B. cauverivus; (c) B. divaricatus; (d) B. hasimaricus; (e) B. laidlawi; (f) B. pyramidalis (not to scale)." captionText-1="FIGURE 12. Thorax of Indian Burmagomphus spp. in lateral view: (a) B. chaukulensis sp. nov.; (b) B. cauverivus; (c) B. divaricatus; (d) B. hasimaricus; (e) B. laidlawi; (f) B. pyramidalis (not to scale)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524199" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524201" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6524199/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6524201/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">Figs. 11–12</figureCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FBE589EEFAA57F9F" box="[1063,1392,1704,1730]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FBE589EEFAA57F9F" box="[1063,1392,1704,1730]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">Burmagomphus chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FE56898AFDAE7FBA" box="[404,635,1740,1767]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FE56898AFD907FBB" box="[404,581,1740,1766]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">Burmagomphus</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
of Group 2 outside of the Western Ghats, viz., 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FB4D898BFF077E57" authority="Laidlaw, 1922" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyramidalis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FB4D898BFAE17FBB" box="[1167,1332,1740,1766]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">B. pyramidalis</emphasis>
Laidlaw, 1922
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FF1F89B7FD997E57" authority="Kosterin et al., 2012" authorityName="Kosterin" authorityYear="2012" box="[221,588,1776,1803]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asahinai">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FF1F89B7FE887E57" box="[221,349,1776,1802]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">B. asahinai</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CE484B4F3544B846FEA789B6FD997E57" author="Kosterin, O. E. &amp; Makbun, N. &amp; Dawwrueng, P." box="[357,588,1776,1803]" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" pagination="275 - 292" refId="ref5967" refString="Kosterin, O. E., Makbun, N. &amp; Dawwrueng, P. (2012) Burmagomphus asahinai sp. nov., a new species from Cambodia and Thailand, with a description of the male of B. gratiosus Chao, 1954, International Journal of Odonatology, 15 (4), 275 - 292. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 13887890.2012.733912" type="journal article" year="2012">Kosterin et al., 2012</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FD9589B7FC137E57" authority="Yang &amp; Li, 1994" authorityName="Yang &amp; Li" authorityYear="1994" box="[599,966,1776,1803]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bashanensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FD9589B7FCD57E57" box="[599,768,1776,1802]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">B. bashanensis</emphasis>
Yang &amp; Li, 1994
</taxonomicName>
, by the thoracic maculation and the shape of posterior hamuli (wide with spines at two ends, see 
<bibRefCitation id="CE484B4F3544B846FD388852FC087E73" author="Kosterin, O. E. &amp; Makbun, N. &amp; Dawwrueng, P." box="[762,989,1812,1838]" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" pagination="275 - 292" refId="ref5967" refString="Kosterin, O. E., Makbun, N. &amp; Dawwrueng, P. (2012) Burmagomphus asahinai sp. nov., a new species from Cambodia and Thailand, with a description of the male of B. gratiosus Chao, 1954, International Journal of Odonatology, 15 (4), 275 - 292. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 13887890.2012.733912" type="journal article" year="2012">
Kosterin 
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FCA38853FC4C7E73" box="[865,921,1812,1838]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE3544B846FF05887EFCC37EBE" blockId="10.[151,1437,1596,2019]" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">
Female of 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FE8A887FFE287E0F" box="[328,509,1848,1874]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FE8A887FFE287E0F" box="[328,509,1848,1874]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">B. chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FC86887FFC167E0F" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[836,963,1848,1874]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laidlawi">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FC86887FFC167E0F" box="[836,963,1848,1874]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">B. laidlawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by: (a) the shape of the short stripe on metepisternum (pointed anteriorly and ‘sword-shaped’ in 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FCDF881BFC1B7E2B" box="[797,974,1884,1910]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FCDF881BFC1B7E2B" box="[797,974,1884,1910]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">B. chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. broad in 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FBFD881BFB6E7E2B" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[1087,1211,1884,1910]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laidlawi">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FBFD881BFB6E7E2B" box="[1087,1211,1884,1910]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">B. laidlawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3544B846FB0B881AFACD7E2B" box="[1225,1304,1884,1910]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[151,1436,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Paratype female [IBC-BN812]: (a) head; (b) left lateral view of thorax; (c) dorsal habitus; (d) dorsal view of thorax; (e) lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524187" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524187/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3544B846FAE6881AFAE67E2B" box="[1316,1331,1884,1910]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1955,1979]" captionTargetBox="[190,1398,381,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-130@9.[190,1398,381,1932]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 8. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Paratype female [IBC-BN813]: (a) dorsal habitus; (b) head; (c) lateral habitus; (d) caudal appendages dorsal; (e) caudal appendages ventral (b, d: scale=0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524191" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524191/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">8</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3544B846FA82881AFA8B7E2B" box="[1344,1374,1884,1910]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1483,1507]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[151,1436,181,1459]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 10. Burmagomphus laidlawi. (a, c–f) male, ZSI-SRC I/OD/1970; (b) female ZSI-SRC I/OD/1970. (a–b) lateral view of thorax; (c) ventral view of hamuli; (d) lateral view of hamuli and accessory genitalia; (e–f) dorsal and lateral view of caudal appendages (scale = 1mm) [Photos: K. A. Subramanian]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524197/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">10</figureCitation>
), and (b) the markings of S9–10 (S10 with prominent paired spots in 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FCB088C7FBF17EC7" box="[882,1060,1920,1946]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FCB088C7FBF17EC7" box="[882,1060,1920,1946]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">B. chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, reduced in 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FB7688C7FAE47EC7" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[1204,1329,1920,1946]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laidlawi">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FB7688C7FAE47EC7" box="[1204,1329,1920,1946]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">B. laidlawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Female of 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FF7A88E3FEBE7EE3" box="[184,363,1956,1982]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FF7A88E3FEBE7EE3" box="[184,363,1956,1982]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">B. chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar in size to 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FD9F88E3FD0E7EE3" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[605,731,1956,1982]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laidlawi">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FD9F88E3FD0E7EE3" box="[605,731,1956,1982]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">B. laidlawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but smaller than 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FC7288E3FBEB7EE3" box="[944,1086,1957,1982]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cauverius">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FC7288E3FBEB7EE3" box="[944,1086,1957,1982]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">B. cauverius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(abdomen length: 
<quantity id="6D219B5B3544B846FADB88E2FAAE7EE3" box="[1305,1403,1956,1982]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.254999999999999" metricValueMax="8.382" metricValueMin="8.128" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" unit="in" value="32.5" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="32.0">32-33 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FA4688E3FEFD7EBF" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FA4688E3FEFD7EBF" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">B. chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<quantity id="6D219B5B3544B846FEF4888EFEBA7EBF" box="[310,367,1992,2019]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.89" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" unit="in" value="35.0">35 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FEB4888FFDDB7EBF" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1926" box="[374,526,1993,2018]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cauvericus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FEB4888FFDDB7EBF" box="[374,526,1993,2018]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">B. cauvericus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<quantity id="6D219B5B3544B846FD89888EFD517EBF" box="[587,644,1992,2018]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.128" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" unit="in" value="32.0">32 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3544B846FD49888FFCD37EBF" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[651,774,1992,2018]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laidlawi">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3544B846FD49888FFCD37EBF" box="[651,774,1992,2018]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="423">B. laidlawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="FEA666363545B847FF558A8DFD0C7F76" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524197" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6524197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524197/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" startId="11.[151,250,1483,1507]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1459]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="AA6636BE3545B847FF558A8DFD0C7F76" blockId="11.[151,1436,1483,1579]" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3545B847FF558A8DFEF57CBE" bold="true" box="[151,288,1483,1507]" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3545B847FEE48A8DFDF57CBE" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[294,544,1483,1507]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laidlawi">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3545B847FEE48A8DFDF57CBE" box="[294,544,1483,1507]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">Burmagomphus laidlawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. (a, c–f) male, ZSI-SRC I/OD/1970; (b) female ZSI-SRC I/OD/1970. (a–b) lateral view of thorax; (c) ventral view of hamuli; (d) lateral view of hamuli and accessory genitalia; (e–f) dorsal and lateral view of caudal appendages (scale = 1mm) [Photos: K. A. Subramanian].
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE3545B847FF058914FF307FA0" blockId="11.[151,1437,1618,2041]" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3545B847FF058914FDC17F31" box="[199,532,1618,1644]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3545B847FF058914FDC17F31" box="[199,532,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">Burmagomphus chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female has a straight broad stripe on mesepisternum, whereas 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3545B847FB378915FA407F31" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[1269,1429,1618,1644]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="divaricatus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3545B847FB378915FA407F31" box="[1269,1429,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">B. divaricatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3545B847FF558931FE907FCD" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,325,1654,1680]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hasimaricus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3545B847FF558931FE907FCD" box="[151,325,1654,1680]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">B. hasimaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3545B847FE4A8931FDE67FCD" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1922" box="[392,563,1654,1680]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyramidalis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3545B847FE4A8931FDE67FCD" box="[392,563,1654,1680]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">B. pyramidalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have a bifurcated stripe on mesepisternum. 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3545B847FB8F8930FA487FCD" box="[1101,1437,1654,1680]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3545B847FB8F8930FA487FCD" box="[1101,1437,1654,1680]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">Burmagomphus chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female (
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3545B847FF3689DCFE907FE9" box="[244,325,1690,1716]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[151,1436,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Paratype female [IBC-BN812]: (a) head; (b) left lateral view of thorax; (c) dorsal habitus; (d) dorsal view of thorax; (e) lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524187" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524187/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3545B847FE9089DDFEB57FE8" box="[338,352,1691,1717]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1955,1979]" captionTargetBox="[190,1398,381,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-130@9.[190,1398,381,1932]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 8. Burmagomphus chaukulensis Paratype female [IBC-BN813]: (a) dorsal habitus; (b) head; (c) lateral habitus; (d) caudal appendages dorsal; (e) caudal appendages ventral (b, d: scale=0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524191" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524191/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">8</figureCitation>
) can be easily distinguished from females of 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3545B847FCA889DDFBD17FE9" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1926" box="[874,1028,1691,1716]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cauvericus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3545B847FCA889DDFBD17FE9" box="[874,1028,1691,1716]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">B. cauvericus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3545B847FBD689DDFB677FE9" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[1044,1202,1690,1716]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="divaricatus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3545B847FBD689DDFB677FE9" box="[1044,1202,1690,1716]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">B. divaricatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3545B847FB0089DDFABE7FE9" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[1218,1387,1690,1716]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hasimaricus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3545B847FB0089DDFABE7FE9" box="[1218,1387,1690,1716]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">B. hasimaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3545B847FF5589F9FEEB7F85" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1922" box="[151,318,1726,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyramidalis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3545B847FF5589F9FEEB7F85" box="[151,318,1726,1752]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">B. pyramidalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the parallel thoracic stripes (the latter species have stripes on mesepimeron and metepisternum fused).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE3545B85CFF058840FBAF7838" blockId="11.[151,1437,1618,2041]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1436,151,681]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="429" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3545B847FF058840FE657E7D" bold="true" box="[199,432,1798,1825]" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">Habitat and habits:</emphasis>
The 
<typeStatus id="7562881C3545B847FE288841FDCF7E7C" box="[490,538,1799,1825]" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">type</typeStatus>
locality is a hill stream (
<quantity id="6D219B5B3545B847FCED8840FCA27E7C" box="[815,887,1798,1825]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.05" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" unit="m" value="805.0">805 m</quantity>
ASL), locally known as ‘Jambhulkond’ (roughly translating to ‘a stream surrounded by 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3545B847FD8F886DFD627E18" box="[589,695,1835,1861]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Syzygium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3545B847FD8F886DFD627E18" box="[589,695,1835,1861]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">Syzygium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
trees’, 
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B3545B847FCCE886CFCB07E18" box="[780,869,1834,1861]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1910,1934]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,181,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[155,1432,181,1886]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 14. Habitat of B. chaukulensis (a) Chaukul, and (b) Mulwand." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524205/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">Fig 14a</figureCitation>
). This particular stretch is approx. 
<quantity id="6D219B5B3545B847FB33886CFAE57E18" box="[1265,1328,1834,1861]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" unit="m" value="500.0">500m</quantity>
in length with forested hill slopes on both sides. Large rocks cover the streambed, and odonates can be seen commonly basking on exposed parts of these rocks. Along with 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3545B847FD208835FC447ED1" box="[738,913,1906,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3545B847FD208835FC447ED1" box="[738,913,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">B. chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3545B847FC5C8834FB5B7ED1" authorityName="Hagen in Selys" authorityYear="1853" box="[926,1166,1906,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Chlorocyphidae" genus="Heliocypha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bisignata">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3545B847FC5C8834FB5B7ED1" box="[926,1166,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">Heliocypha bisignata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Hagen in Selys, 1853), 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3545B847FF5588D0FDE47EEC" authority="(Brauer, 1868)" baseAuthorityName="Brauer" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[151,561,1942,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Libellulidae" genus="Orthetrum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luzonicum">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3545B847FF5588D0FE537EED" box="[151,390,1942,1968]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">Orthetrum luzonicum</emphasis>
(Brauer, 1868)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3545B847FDFE88D0FC6A7EEC" authority="Fraser, 1924" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[572,959,1942,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Pseudagrion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indicum">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3545B847FDFE88D0FCFE7EED" box="[572,811,1942,1968]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">Pseudagrion indicum</emphasis>
Fraser, 1924
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3545B847FC0B88D1FB0C7EED" authority="Selys, 1876" authorityName="Selys" authorityYear="1876" box="[969,1241,1942,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Pseudagrion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubriceps">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3545B847FC0B88D1FB9B7EED" box="[969,1102,1942,1968]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">P. rubriceps</emphasis>
Selys, 1876
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3545B847FB2188D0FE9E7E88" authority="(Rambur, 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Rambur" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Insecta" family="Libellulidae" genus="Trithemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3545B847FB2188D0FA497EEC" box="[1251,1436,1942,1969]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">Trithemis festiva</emphasis>
(Rambur, 1842)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3545B847FE9488FDFDE87E88" authority="Selys, 1891" authorityName="Selys" authorityYear="1891" box="[342,573,1978,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Libellulidae" genus="Trithemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirbyi">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3545B847FE9488FDFE677E89" box="[342,434,1978,2004]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">T. kirbyi</emphasis>
Selys, 1891
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3545B847FD8B88FCFC527E88" authority="Selys, 1873" authorityName="Selys" authorityYear="1873" box="[585,903,1978,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Calopterygidae" genus="Vestalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3545B847FD8B88FCFD2B7E89" box="[585,766,1978,2004]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">Vestalis apicalis</emphasis>
Selys, 1873
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3545B847FC7E88FDFB307E88" authority="(Rambur, 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Rambur" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[956,1253,1978,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Calopterygidae" genus="Vestalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="11" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3545B847FC7E88FDFBFB7E89" box="[956,1070,1978,2004]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="424">V. gracilis</emphasis>
(Rambur, 1842)
</taxonomicName>
also inhabit this stream. The second locality (Mulwand) is a sacred grove, from which a perennial river originates. The upstream stretches of this river are rocky, surrounded by tropical evergreen and moist deciduous forests. The downstream stretches are a shallow wetland with aquatic grasses (
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B355EB85CFD3B8FFDFC89798B" box="[761,860,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1910,1934]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,181,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[155,1432,181,1886]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 14. Habitat of B. chaukulensis (a) Chaukul, and (b) Mulwand." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524205/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">Fig. 14b</figureCitation>
). We observed 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D355EB85CFBCE8FFDFB6B7988" box="[1036,1214,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="16" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC355EB85CFBCE8FFDFB6B7988" box="[1036,1214,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">B. chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in high numbers at Chaukul from the first week of June to the first week of July. Teneral individuals were found in the first week of June. Nearly 30 individuals could be observed on a single day in the first week of July. After mid-July, we could not observe a single individual at Chaukul. This species thus appears to breed during southwest monsoon, with peak activity in mid June to early July, just before the southwest monsoon peaks in the region.
</paragraph>
<caption id="FEA666363542B840FF5588D1FC107E89" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524199" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6524199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524199/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="425" startId="12.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[185,1402,181,1919]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="AA6636BE3542B840FF5588D1FC107E89" blockId="12.[151,1437,1943,2004]" pageId="12" pageNumber="425">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3542B840FF5588D1FEF47EF2" bold="true" box="[151,289,1943,1967]" pageId="12" pageNumber="425">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
Thorax of 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3542B840FE5B88DEFE0F7EED" box="[409,474,1944,1968]" class="Aves" family="Phasianidae" genus="Indian" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galliformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Indian</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3542B840FE2188DEFD627EF2" box="[483,695,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="12" pageNumber="425" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3542B840FE2188DEFD567EED" box="[483,643,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="425">Burmagomphus</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
in dorsal view: (a) 
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3542B840FC4A88DEFB5B7EED" bold="true" box="[904,1166,1943,1968]" pageId="12" pageNumber="425">
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3542B840FC4A88DEFBE77EF2" authority="Joshi &amp; Sawant &amp; Ogale &amp; Kunte, 2022" authorityName="Joshi &amp; Sawant &amp; Ogale &amp; Kunte" authorityYear="2022" box="[904,1074,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="12" pageNumber="425" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3542B840FC4A88DEFBE77EF2" bold="true" box="[904,1074,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="425">B. chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="839E57D73542B840FBF988DEFB5B7EED" box="[1083,1166,1944,1968]" pageId="12" pageNumber="425" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; (b) 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3542B840FB0788DEFA877EF2" box="[1221,1362,1944,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="12" pageNumber="425" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cauverivus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3542B840FB0788DEFA877EF2" box="[1221,1362,1944,1967]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="425">B. cauverivus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; (c) 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3542B840FA4488DEFEDC7E89" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="12" pageNumber="425" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="divaricatus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3542B840FA4488DEFEDC7E89" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="425">B. divaricatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; (d) 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3542B840FEF888FAFE067E89" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[314,467,1980,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="12" pageNumber="425" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hasimaricus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3542B840FEF888FAFE067E89" box="[314,467,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="425">B. hasimaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; (e) 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3542B840FDC088FAFDA47E89" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[514,625,1980,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="12" pageNumber="425" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laidlawi">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3542B840FDC088FAFDA47E89" box="[514,625,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="425">B. laidlawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; (f) 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3542B840FD5C88FAFCE17E89" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1922" box="[670,820,1980,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="12" pageNumber="425" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyramidalis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3542B840FD5C88FAFCE17E89" box="[670,820,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="425">B. pyramidalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(not to scale).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="FEA666363543B841FF5588D1FC107E89" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524201" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6524201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524201/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="426" startId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[185,1402,181,1919]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="AA6636BE3543B841FF5588D1FC107E89" blockId="13.[151,1437,1943,2004]" pageId="13" pageNumber="426">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3543B841FF5588D1FEF77EF2" bold="true" box="[151,290,1943,1967]" pageId="13" pageNumber="426">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
Thorax of 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3543B841FE5888DEFE0E7EED" box="[410,475,1944,1968]" class="Aves" family="Phasianidae" genus="Indian" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galliformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="413" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Indian</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3543B841FE2688DEFD627EF2" box="[484,695,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="13" pageNumber="426" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3543B841FE2688DEFD517EED" box="[484,644,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="426">Burmagomphus</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
in lateral view: (a) 
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3543B841FC4B88DEFB5A7EED" bold="true" box="[905,1167,1943,1968]" pageId="13" pageNumber="426">
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3543B841FC4B88DEFBE67EF2" authority="Joshi &amp; Sawant &amp; Ogale &amp; Kunte, 2022" authorityName="Joshi &amp; Sawant &amp; Ogale &amp; Kunte" authorityYear="2022" box="[905,1075,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="13" pageNumber="426" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3543B841FC4B88DEFBE67EF2" bold="true" box="[905,1075,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="426">B. chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="839E57D73543B841FBFE88DEFB5A7EED" box="[1084,1167,1944,1968]" pageId="13" pageNumber="426" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; (b) 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3543B841FB0488DEFA877EF2" box="[1222,1362,1944,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="13" pageNumber="426" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cauverivus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3543B841FB0488DEFA877EF2" box="[1222,1362,1944,1967]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="426">B. cauverivus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; (c) 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3543B841FA4488DEFEDC7E89" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="13" pageNumber="426" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="divaricatus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3543B841FA4488DEFEDC7E89" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="426">B. divaricatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; (d) 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3543B841FEF888FAFE067E89" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[314,467,1980,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="13" pageNumber="426" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hasimaricus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3543B841FEF888FAFE067E89" box="[314,467,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="426">B. hasimaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; (e) 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3543B841FDC088FAFDA47E89" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[514,625,1980,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="13" pageNumber="426" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laidlawi">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3543B841FDC088FAFDA47E89" box="[514,625,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="426">B. laidlawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; (f) 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3543B841FD5C88FAFCE17E89" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1922" box="[670,820,1980,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="13" pageNumber="426" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyramidalis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3543B841FD5C88FAFCE17E89" box="[670,820,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="426">B. pyramidalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(not to scale).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="FEA666363540B842FF5588D1FBA77E8E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524203" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6524203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524203/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="427" startId="14.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[272,1315,181,1919]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="AA6636BE3540B842FF5588D1FBA77E8E" blockId="14.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="14" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3540B842FF5588D1FEF47EF2" bold="true" box="[151,289,1943,1967]" pageId="14" pageNumber="427">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
Caudal appendages of 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3540B842FDD688DEFD807EED" box="[532,597,1944,1968]" class="Aves" family="Phasianidae" genus="Indian" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galliformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="413" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Indian</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3540B842FD9E88DEFCFA7EF2" box="[604,815,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="14" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3540B842FD9E88DEFD297EED" box="[604,764,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="427">Burmagomphus</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
in dorsal and lateral views. (a–b) 
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3540B842FB5088DEFA407EED" bold="true" box="[1170,1429,1943,1968]" pageId="14" pageNumber="427">
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3540B842FB5088DEFAEE7EF2" authority="Joshi &amp; Sawant &amp; Ogale &amp; Kunte, 2022" authorityName="Joshi &amp; Sawant &amp; Ogale &amp; Kunte" authorityYear="2022" box="[1170,1339,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="14" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3540B842FB5088DEFAEE7EF2" bold="true" box="[1170,1339,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="427">B. chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="839E57D73540B842FA8188DEFA407EED" box="[1347,1429,1944,1968]" pageId="14" pageNumber="427" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; (c–d) 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3540B842FF1188FAFEB47E89" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[211,353,1980,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="14" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="divaricatus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3540B842FF1188FAFEB47E89" box="[211,353,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="427">B. divaricatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; (e–f) 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3540B842FE6488FAFDEB7E89" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[422,574,1980,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="14" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hasimaricus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3540B842FE6488FAFDEB7E89" box="[422,574,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="427">B. hasimaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; (g–h) 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3540B842FD4B88FAFD2D7E89" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[649,760,1980,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="14" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laidlawi">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3540B842FD4B88FAFD2D7E89" box="[649,760,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="427">B. laidlawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; (i–j) 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3540B842FCF588FAFC197E89" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1922" box="[823,972,1980,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="14" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyramidalis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3540B842FCF588FAFC197E89" box="[823,972,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="427">B. pyramidalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[scale=0.5 mm]
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="FEA666363541B843FF558830FCA97ED3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524205" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6524205" box="[151,892,1909,1934]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524205/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="428" startId="15.[151,250,1910,1934]" targetBox="[155,1432,181,1886]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="AA6636BE3541B843FF558830FCA97ED3" blockId="15.[151,892,1909,1934]" box="[151,892,1909,1934]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3541B843FF558830FEF57ED3" bold="true" box="[151,288,1910,1934]" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
Habitat of 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D3541B843FE508830FDEF7ED0" authorityName="Joshi &amp; Sawant &amp; Ogale &amp; Kunte" authorityYear="2022" box="[402,570,1909,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC3541B843FE508830FDEF7ED0" bold="true" box="[402,570,1909,1933]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="428">B. chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(a) Chaukul, and (b) Mulwand.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="AA6636BE355EB85CFF058E29FCAE788C" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,681]" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">
Males mostly perch on large rocks in the riverbed, sometimes settling on nearby bushes. This species is most active between 10 am and 1 pm. We observed 3-4 mating pairs during this time, but no oviposition. At Mulwand, 
<specimenCount id="BCDFFD37355EB85CFF558EF1FEC2788C" box="[151,279,439,465]" pageId="16" pageNumber="429" type="male">three males</specimenCount>
and one mating pair were observed on 
<date id="DE67107E355EB85CFD138EF1FCA3788C" box="[721,886,438,465]" pageId="16" pageNumber="429" value="2021-06-10">
10 
<superScript id="5DAC9BF6355EB85CFD2F8EF0FD2F7899" attach="left" box="[749,762,438,452]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">th</superScript>
June 2021
</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2C36535355EB85CFF058E9CFE167BF4" pageId="16" pageNumber="429" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="AA6636BE355EB85CFF058E9CFE167BF4" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,681]" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC355EB85CFF058E9CFEB578A9" bold="true" box="[199,352,474,500]" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">Distribution,</emphasis>
With the addition of 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D355EB85CFD9E8E9DFCDA78A8" authorityName="Joshi &amp; Sawant &amp; Ogale &amp; Kunte" authorityYear="2022" box="[604,783,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="16" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaukulensis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC355EB85CFD9E8E9DFCDA78A8" box="[604,783,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">B. chaukulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
there are now three endemic 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D355EB85CFBAA8E9DFA8778A8" box="[1128,1362,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="16" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC355EB85CFBAA8E9DFACC78A8" box="[1128,1305,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">Burmagomphus</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
in the Western Ghats. 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D355EB85CFE898EB9FE147B44" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" box="[331,449,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="16" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laidlawi">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC355EB85CFE898EB9FE147B44" box="[331,449,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">B laidlawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is found throughout the Western Ghats whereas 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D355EB85CFC2E8EB9FB537B45" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1926" box="[1004,1158,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="16" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cauvericus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC355EB85CFC2E8EB9FB537B45" box="[1004,1158,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">B. cauvericus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is more restricted in it’s distribution. 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D355EB85CFEE58D65FDB07B60" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1922" box="[295,613,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="16" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyramidalis">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC355EB85CFEE58D65FDB07B60" box="[295,613,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">Burmagomphus pyramidalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the only other species of 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D355EB85CFC638D65FB877B60" authorityName="Williamson" authorityYear="1907" box="[929,1106,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="16" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC355EB85CFC638D65FB877B60" box="[929,1106,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">Burmagomphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that occurs in Western Ghats and Peninsular 
<collectingCountry id="D2CE762E355EB85CFE858D01FE517B3C" box="[327,388,583,609]" name="India" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">India</collectingCountry>
. All other species of the genus are found in Western and Eastern Himalaya. 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D355EB85CFB298D01FEC07BD8" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1924" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="16" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="divaricatus">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC355EB85CFB298D01FEC07BD8" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">Burmagomphus divaricatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was recently reported from 
<collectingRegion id="681DF85C355EB85CFD958D2DFD107BD8" box="[599,709,619,645]" country="India" name="Nagaland" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">Nagaland</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="D2CE762E355EB85CFD108D2DFCD97BD8" box="[722,780,619,645]" name="India" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">India</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="CE484B4F355EB85CFCD98D2DFC087BD8" author="Joshi, S. &amp; Veino, J. &amp; Veino, D. &amp; Veino, L. &amp; Veino, R. &amp; Kunte, K." box="[795,989,619,645]" pageId="16" pageNumber="429" pagination="10433 - 10444" refId="ref5786" refString="Joshi, S., Veino, J., Veino, D. Veino, L., Veino, R. &amp; Kunte, K. (2017) Additions to the Indian dragonfly fauna, and new records of two enigmatic damselflies (Insecta: Odonata) from northeastern India. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 9 (7), 10433 - 10444. https: // doi. org / 10.11609 / jott. 3423.9.7.10433 - 10444" type="journal article" year="2017">
Joshi 
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC355EB85CFC9D8D2DFC4D7BD8" box="[863,920,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
). A distribution map of 
<taxonomicName id="6DD94D3D355EB85CFB298D2DFF107BF4" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Burmagomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="16" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="98ADEAAC355EB85CFB298D2DFA497BD8" box="[1259,1436,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">Burmagomphus</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
is provided in 
<figureCitation id="32E22A3B355EB85CFEAF8DC9FE6A7BF4" box="[365,447,654,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1988,2012]" captionTargetBox="[172,1414,699,1964]" captionTargetId="figure-283@16.[151,1435,680,1979]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 15. A distribution map depicting records of Indian Burmagomphus spp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6524207" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6524207/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="429">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>