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932 lines
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<document id="71A6E9F72C10FB6A4FE403725C87664B" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4173.4.1" ID-CLB-Dataset="38068" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4173.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="235cd1e5-39f4-43b4-a65a-94daa8e45bec" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="256597" ID-ZooBank="3E955EB2-79DE-462C-B3EE-E4AF334D1F61" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1475735022662" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cock, Matthew J. W." docDate="2016" docId="B14087C8FFB9925E16BAF967FBD80070" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4173.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4173 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Spialia Swinhoe, stat. rev." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="305" masterDocId="4D79FFB0FFB8925A162DFFBBFF8C016D" masterDocTitle="Observations on the biology of Afrotropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera) with particular reference to Kenya. Part 10. Pyrginae, Carcharodini" masterLastPageNumber="350" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="302" updateTime="1698429372848" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="CB31310CCD535F3CEDEE26B074F5730C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D8C8EDDFE108229FD29775CEC870FA16">
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<mods:title id="A338EC5CD0D17DF5F87EB61867863C1B">Observations on the biology of Afrotropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera) with particular reference to Kenya. Part 10. Pyrginae, Carcharodini</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="8D15974504EFAF0DB522098256F48AB6" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="F97F2D866CACD01FC17226F50C8B2418">
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<mods:roleTerm id="411C9D664EFC39DD19C642088D033036">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="460C80BCC3A6EC0F17A35E7905B6512A">Cock, Matthew J. W.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="94C229AC3472A68558DC43EF705B0A9D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="423A34183FF554278A30F989B6E8601E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="A8DD5EE1DF77B43DED20095DAB6269FB">
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<mods:date id="48A8FCA130198AC88811C15A2146F909">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="CDCE91095C9C3AD846BCC01519303142" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A3385CD03752F39CA6D26F82D3BAA03D">4173</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="B7ECE865A1232941F1D28DC05979C6D2" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="DB6EE15C7AB67F3AA4EB3A8F56B2F9F5">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="A3441B3E23F72619D635A174AC6C6396">301</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="1806C537A7B093456785E537FA45354B">350</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="57092770A2C0D34BCC5C0B4CE4351419">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="C2ADA94A11DF2136633676B605327919" type="CLB-Dataset">38068</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0460D8264B4FB65B41A41CDF2A0A71E1" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4173.4.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6349E893073F0D558307BCED57C1BEE9" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="B14087C8FFB9925E16BAF967FBD80070" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5632216" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124997280" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5632216" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B14087C8FFB9925E16BAF967FBD80070" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B14087C8FFB9925E16BAF967FBD80070" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="305" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
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<subSubSection id="71F36555FFB9925816BAF967FD790070" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="303" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="395636DEFFB9925B16BAF967FD65079B" blockId="1.[151,745,1756,1782]" box="[151,745,1756,1782]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
|
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<heading id="621E81B2FFB9925B16BAF967FD65079B" bold="true" box="[151,745,1756,1782]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" reason="1">
|
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|
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<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFB9925B16BAF967FD65079B" bold="true" box="[151,745,1756,1782]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
|
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<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFB9925B16BAF967FED2079B" ID-CoL="92N3T" authority="Swinhoe" authorityName="Swinhoe" box="[151,350,1756,1782]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
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|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFB9925B16BAF967FF60079B" bold="true" box="[151,236,1756,1782]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Spialia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Swinhoe
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, [1912] (in Swinhoe
|
|||
|
|
<date id="4D57101EFFB9925B1476F967FD6D079B" box="[603,737,1756,1782]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" value="1912" valueMax="1913">1912–1913</date>
|
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|
|
)
|
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|
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</emphasis>
|
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|
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</heading>
|
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|
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</paragraph>
|
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|
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<paragraph id="395636DEFFB9925816BAF899FD790070" blockId="1.[151,1436,1826,2031]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="303" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="89813C83FFB9925816BAF899FD790070" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1316272136" collectingDate="1912" collectingDateMax="1913" collectingDateMin="1912" collectorName="Afrotropical & De Jong & Ackery & Although & African & Higgins & Evans & De Jong's & Table & Below, I" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="303" location="He" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="South" typeStatus="holotype">
|
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|
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Swinhoe (
|
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|
|
<collectingDate id="5D13E9F6FFB9925B1724F898FE050656" box="[265,393,1827,1851]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" value="1912" valueMax="1913">
|
|||
|
|
<date id="4D57101EFFB9925B1724F898FE050656" box="[265,393,1827,1851]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" value="1912" valueMax="1913">1912–1913</date>
|
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|
|
</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
) introduced this genus for species resembling
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFB9925B15B4F89FFC6B0656" box="[921,999,1828,1851]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Pyrgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFB9925B15B4F89FFC6B0656" box="[921,999,1828,1851]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Pyrgus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
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|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFB9925B1232F899FB3C0656" box="[1055,1200,1826,1851]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Carcharodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFB9925B1232F899FB3C0656" box="[1055,1200,1826,1851]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Carcharodus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, but lacking a costal fold in the male.
|
|||
|
|
<location id="3C366005FFB9925B174CF8FCFE0E0633" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B14087C8FFB9925E16BAF967FBD80070:3C366005FFB9925B174CF8FCFE0E0633" box="[353,386,1863,1886]" name="He" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" stateProvince="South">He</location>
|
|||
|
|
designated the
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="FB2DF83CFFB9925B1414F8FDFDF60632" box="[569,634,1862,1887]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">South</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
Asian
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFB9925B14E2F8FCFC3F0632" authority="Fabricius" authorityName="Fabricius" box="[719,947,1862,1887]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galba">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFB9925B14E2F8FCFCA20632" box="[719,814,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">S. galba</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Fabricius)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
as the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="E652887CFFB9925B1227F8FCFBB60632" box="[1034,1082,1863,1887]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
species, although the genus is mostly
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="941C5308FFB9925B16C7F8D1FEF806EE" box="[234,372,1898,1923]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Afrotropical</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFB9925B17AEF8D0FDAE06EE" author="De" box="[387,546,1899,1923]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" refString="De Jong, R. (1974) Systematics and evolution of the Palaearctic Spialia species (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 117, 225 - 271." type="journal article" year="1974">
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="941C5308FFB9925B17AEF8D0FE6D06EE" box="[387,481,1899,1923]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">De Jong</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
1974
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFB9925B1400F8D0FDE406EE" author="Jong" box="[557,616,1899,1923]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" refString="De Jong, R. (1978) Monograph of the genus Spialia Swinhoe (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 121, 23 - 146." type="journal article" year="1978">1978</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFB9925B145EF8D1FCCB06EE" author="Ackery" box="[627,839,1898,1923]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" refString="Ackery, P. R., Smith, C. R. & Vane-Wright, R. I. (Eds.) (1995) Carcasson's African Butterflies. An annotated catalogue of the Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea of the Afrotropical Region. CSIRO Publications, Melbourne, Australia, 803 pp." type="book" year="1995">
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="941C5308FFB9925B145EF8D1FD4906EE" box="[627,709,1898,1923]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Ackery</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFB9925B14E1F8D7FD7006EE" box="[716,764,1898,1923]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 1995
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="941C5308FFB9925B1577F8D1FC4806EE" box="[858,964,1898,1923]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Although</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
the genus contains a confusing number of superficially similar species, the
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="941C5308FFB9925B143FF835FDEB06CA" box="[530,615,1934,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">African</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
species have been reviewed by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFB9925B15CCF835FB0106CA" author="Higgins" box="[993,1165,1934,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" refString="Higgins, L. G. (1925) On the Ethiopian species of the genus Hesperia (Lep. Rhop.), with descriptions of two new species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1924, 64 - 120, plates vii - x. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1924. tb 03351. x" type="journal article" year="1925">
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="941C5308FFB9925B15CCF835FBB606CA" box="[993,1082,1934,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Higgins</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
(1925)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFB9925B12E7F834FAE906CA" author="Evans" box="[1226,1381,1935,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" refString="Evans, W. H. (1937) A catalogue of the African Hesperiidae indicating the classification and nomenclature adopted in the British Museum. British Museum (Natural History), London, UK, 212 pp., 30 plates." type="book" year="1937">
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="941C5308FFB9925B12E7F834FA8206CB" box="[1226,1294,1935,1958]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">Evans</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
(1937)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, and monographed by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFB9925B174FF808FD9406A6" box="[354,536,1971,1995]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302" refString="De Jong, R. (1978) Monograph of the genus Spialia Swinhoe (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 121, 23 - 146." type="journal article">
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="941C5308FFB9925B174FF808FE4E06A6" box="[354,450,1971,1995]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">De Jong</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
(1978)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, so that there is now little confusion.
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="941C5308FFB9925B15FAF808FBCB06A6" box="[983,1095,1971,1995]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">De Jong's</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
review includes a key to the
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="941C5308FFB9925B16BAF86DFF600682" box="[151,236,2006,2031]" pageId="1" pageNumber="302">African</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
species, photographs of the adults and drawings of the male and female genitalia (except for the female of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA925816BAFF23FEF601DD" authority="Karsch" authorityName="Karsch" box="[151,378,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kituina">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925816BAFF23FE8E01DD" box="[151,258,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">S. kituina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Karsch))
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="941C5308FFBA925817ABFF23FE6901DD" box="[390,485,152,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">De Jong</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
recognised seven species groups based largely on male and female genitalia, all of which have
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="941C5308FFBA92581704FF07FE3801B8" box="[297,436,188,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">Afrotropical</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
representatives (
|
|||
|
|
<tableCitation id="746B0365FFBA92581456FF07FD5801B9" box="[635,724,188,213]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,332,355]" captionTargetBox="[159,1417,414,818]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. The Spialia species groups of De Jong (1978), the Afrotropical members of each, and those which are documented here and by G. C. Clark (in Dickson & Kroon 1978)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6D966656FFBA925816BAFEF7FCC600EE" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" tableUuid="6D966656FFBA925816BAFEF7FCC600EE">
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="941C5308FFBA92581456FF07FD3701B8" box="[635,699,188,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">Table</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
1
|
|||
|
|
</tableCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="941C5308FFBA925814DFFF07FCDA01B9" box="[754,854,188,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">Below, I</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
will show that although closely related,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA9258136CFF06FEA50195" authority="Wallengren" authorityName="Wallengren" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferax" status="stat. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA9258136CFF06FA1001B9" box="[1345,1436,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">S. ferax</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Wallengren)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="10AE57B7FFBA9258171EFF64FE160195" box="[307,410,223,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA9258171EFF64FE160195" bold="true" box="[307,410,223,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">stat. rev.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
should be considered a valid species rather than a subspecies of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA925812A5FF5BFAE20195" authority="Hopffer" authorityName="Hopffer" box="[1160,1390,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diomus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925812A5FF5BFB7B0195" box="[1160,1271,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">S. diomus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Hopffer)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
; for clarity they are treated as separate species throughout.
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="6D966656FFBA925816BAFEF7FCC600EE" ID-Table-UUID="6D966656FFBA925816BAFEF7FCC600EE" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6D966656FFBA925816BAFEF7FCC600EE" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" targetBox="[159,1417,414,818]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="2">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="395636DEFFBA925816BAFEF7FCC600EE" blockId="2.[151,1436,331,387]" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925816BAFEF7FE82000E" bold="true" box="[151,270,332,355]" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
The
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA92581760FEF0FE14000E" box="[333,408,331,355]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA92581760FEF0FE14000E" box="[333,408,331,355]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">Spialia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
species groups of De Jong (1978), the Afrotropical members of each, and those which are documented here and by G.C. Clark (in Dickson & Kroon 1978).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="395636DEFFBA925816B2FE25FA05027E" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<table id="4BE9C47EFFBA6DA516B2FE25FA05025F" box="[159,1417,414,818]" gridcols="3" gridrows="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="87D9349CFFBA6DA516B2FE25FA0500BE" box="[159,1417,414,467]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA516B2FE25FEC900BE" box="[159,325,414,467]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">Species group</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA51759FE25FC2700BE" box="[372,939,414,467]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">Afrotropical members</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA515FEFE25FA0500BE" box="[979,1417,414,467]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">Species treated here Species treated by G.C. Clark</th>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="87D9349CFFBA6DA516B2FE5DFA050091" box="[159,1417,486,508]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA516B2FE5DFEC90091" box="[159,325,486,508]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA925816B2FE5DFF720091" box="[159,254,486,508]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asterodia">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925816B2FE5DFF720091" box="[159,254,486,508]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">asterodia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group
|
|||
|
|
</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA51759FE5DFC270091" box="[372,939,486,508]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA92581759FE5DFDBA0091" authority="Trimen" authorityName="Trimen" box="[372,566,486,508]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asterodia">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA92581759FE5DFE5F0091" box="[372,467,486,508]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">asterodia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Trimen)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA9258146DFE5DFD6F0091" authority="Trimen" authorityName="Trimen" box="[576,739,486,508]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agylla">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA9258146DFE5DFDF30091" box="[576,639,486,508]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">agylla</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Trimen)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA925814C0FE5DFC1E0091" authority="Karsch" authorityName="Karsch" box="[749,914,486,508]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kituina">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925814C0FE5DFCBF0091" box="[749,819,486,508]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">kituina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Karsch)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA515FEFE5DFA050091" box="[979,1417,486,508]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925815FEFE5CFAA30091" box="[979,1327,486,508]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA925815FEFE5CFBBE0091" box="[979,1074,486,508]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kituina">S. kituina</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA9258129AFE5CFAA30091" box="[1207,1327,486,508]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asterodia">S. asterodia</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="87D9349CFFBA6DA516B2FDABFA05034B" box="[159,1417,528,550]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA516B2FDABFEC9034B" box="[159,325,528,550]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA925816B2FDAAFF46034B" box="[159,202,529,550]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spio">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925816B2FDAAFF46034B" box="[159,202,529,550]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">spio</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group
|
|||
|
|
</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA51759FDABFC27034B" box="[372,939,528,550]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA92581759FDAAFD98034B" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" box="[372,532,528,550]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spio">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA92581759FDAAFE12034B" box="[372,414,529,550]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">spio</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Linnaeus)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA92581432FDABFD43034B" authority="Hopffer" authorityName="Hopffer" box="[543,719,528,550]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diomus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA92581432FDABFDE4034B" box="[543,616,528,550]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">diomus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Hopffer)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA515FEFDABFA05034B" box="[979,1417,528,550]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925815FEFDAAFAD9034B" box="[979,1365,528,550]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA925815FEFDAAFB95034B" box="[979,1049,529,550]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spio">S. spio</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA9258120EFDAAFB09034B" box="[1059,1157,528,550]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diomus">S. diomus</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA9258129AFDAAFB71034B" box="[1207,1277,529,550]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spio">S. spio</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA9258132AFDAAFAD9034B" box="[1287,1365,528,550]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferax">S. ferax</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="87D9349CFFBA6DA516B2FD82FA050322" box="[159,1417,569,591]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" rowspan-2="1">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA516B2FD82FEC90322" box="[159,325,569,591]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA925816B2FD82FE8F0322" box="[159,259,569,591]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phlomidis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925816B2FD82FE8F0322" box="[159,259,569,591]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">phlomidis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group
|
|||
|
|
</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA51759FD82FC270322" box="[372,939,569,591]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA92581759FD82FD840322" authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" box="[372,520,569,591]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="doris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA92581759FD82FE240322" box="[372,424,569,591]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">doris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Walker)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="87D9349CFFBA6DA516B2FDD9FA050315" box="[159,1417,610,632]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA516B2FDD9FEC90315" box="[159,325,610,632]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA925816B2FDD9FF6B0315" box="[159,231,610,632]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colotes">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925816B2FDD9FF6B0315" box="[159,231,610,632]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">colotes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group
|
|||
|
|
</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA51759FDD9FC270315" box="[372,939,610,632]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA92581759FDD9FD9F0315" authority="Druce" authorityName="Druce" box="[372,531,610,632]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colotes">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA92581759FDD9FE300315" box="[372,444,610,632]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">colotes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Druce)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA92581430FDD9FD3C0315" authority="Evans" authorityName="Evans" box="[541,688,610,632]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confusa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA92581430FDD9FDE00315" box="[541,620,610,632]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">confusa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Evans
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA515FEFDD9FA050315" box="[979,1417,610,632]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA925815FEFDD8FBB80315" box="[979,1076,610,632]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colotes">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925815FEFDD8FBB80315" box="[979,1076,610,632]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">S. colotes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="87D9349CFFBA6DA516B2FD37FA0503CF" box="[159,1417,652,674]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA516B2FD37FEC903CF" box="[159,325,652,674]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA925816B2FD36FF7503CF" box="[159,249,653,674]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sertorius">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925816B2FD36FF7503CF" box="[159,249,653,674]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">sertorius</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group
|
|||
|
|
</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA51759FD37FC2703CF" box="[372,939,652,674]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA92581759FD37FD8B03CF" authority="Trimen" authorityName="Trimen" box="[372,519,652,674]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mafa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA92581759FD37FE2B03CF" box="[372,423,652,674]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">mafa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Trimen)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA515FEFD37FA0503CF" box="[979,1417,652,674]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA9258129AFD37FAB003CF" box="[1207,1340,652,674]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="mafa" subSpecies="mafa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA9258129AFD37FAB003CF" box="[1207,1340,652,674]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">S. mafa mafa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="87D9349CFFBA6DA516B2FD0EFA050387" box="[159,1417,693,746]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA516B2FD0EFEC90387" box="[159,325,693,746]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA925816B2FD0EFF6603A6" box="[159,234,693,715]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dromus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925816B2FD0EFF6603A6" box="[159,234,693,715]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">dromus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group
|
|||
|
|
</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA51759FD0EFC270387" box="[372,939,693,746]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA92581759FD0EFD9C03A6" authority="Evans" authorityName="Evans" box="[372,528,693,715]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wrefordi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA92581759FD0EFE4503A6" box="[372,457,693,715]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">wrefordi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Evans
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA92581437FD0EFD3103A6" authority="Higgins" authorityName="Higgins" box="[538,701,693,715]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paula">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA92581437FD0EFDD803A6" box="[538,596,693,715]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">paula</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Higgins)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA925814E5FD0DFC0D03A6" authority="Trimen" authorityName="Trimen" box="[712,897,693,715]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="secessus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925814E5FD0DFC9203A6" box="[712,798,694,715]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">secessus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Trimen)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA92581759FD6FFD800387" authority="Plotz" authorityName="Plotz" box="[372,524,724,746]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dromus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA92581759FD6FFE330387" box="[372,447,724,746]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">dromus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Plötz)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA9258143AFD6FFD530387" authority="Aurivillius" authorityName="Aurivillius" box="[535,735,724,746]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ploetzi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA9258143AFD6FFDD70387" box="[535,603,724,746]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">ploetzi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Aurivillius)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA515FEFD0EFA050387" box="[979,1417,693,746]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925815FEFD0DFA9703A6" box="[979,1307,693,715]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA925815FEFD0DFBB603A6" box="[979,1082,693,715]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dromus">S. dromus</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA92581269FD0DFB2D03A6" box="[1092,1185,693,715]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ploetzi">S. ploetzi</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA9258129AFD0DFA9703A6" box="[1207,1307,693,715]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dromus">S. dromus</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="87D9349CFFBA6DA516B2FD46FA05025F" box="[159,1417,765,818]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA516B2FD46FEC9025F" box="[159,325,765,818]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA925816B2FD46FF70027E" box="[159,252,765,787]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delagoae">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925816B2FD46FF70027E" box="[159,252,765,787]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">delagoae</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group
|
|||
|
|
</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA51759FD46FC27025F" box="[372,939,765,818]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA92581759FD45FDAA027E" authority="Rebel" authorityName="Rebel" box="[372,550,765,787]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mangana">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA92581759FD45FE5E027E" box="[372,466,766,787]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">mangana</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Rebel)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA9258141CFD45FD5D027E" authority="Trimen" authorityName="Trimen" box="[561,721,765,787]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nanus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA9258141CFD45FDE2027E" box="[561,622,766,787]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">nanus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Trimen)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA925814F6FD46FC17027E" authority="Trimen" authorityName="Trimen" box="[731,923,765,787]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delagoae">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925814F6FD46FCB4027E" box="[731,824,765,787]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">delagoae</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Trimen)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA92581759FCA7FD89025F" authority="Butler" authorityName="Butler" box="[372,517,796,818]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zebra">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA92581759FCA7FE20025F" box="[372,428,796,818]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">zebra</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Butler)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA92581422FCA6FD44025F" authority="Trimen" authorityName="Trimen" box="[527,712,796,818]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sataspes">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA92581422FCA6FDE9025F" box="[527,613,797,818]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">sataspes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Trimen)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA925814FEFCA7FC27025F" authority="Strand" authorityName="Strand" box="[723,939,796,818]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depauperata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925814FEFCA7FCDF025F" box="[723,851,796,818]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">depauperata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Strand)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="C4085DE0FFBA6DA515FEFD46FA05025F" box="[979,1417,765,818]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA925815FEFD45FBA8027E" box="[979,1060,765,787]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zebra">S. zebra</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA9258129AFD45FAA4027E" box="[1207,1320,766,787]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sataspes">S. sataspes</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA9258131EFD45FA05027E" box="[1331,1417,766,787]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nanus">S. nanus</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
</table>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="6D966656FFBA925816BAF911FC350671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/256598/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" targetBox="[151,1436,894,1682]" targetPageId="2">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="395636DEFFBA925816BAF911FC350671" blockId="2.[151,1436,1706,1820]" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925816BAF911FE9907AD" bold="true" box="[151,277,1706,1728]" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Biology of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA925817BBF911FDAD07AD" box="[406,545,1706,1728]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galba">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925817BBF911FDAD07AD" box="[406,545,1706,1728]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">Spialia galba</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, collected as caterpillars on
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA92581560F911FCF607AD" box="[845,890,1706,1728]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA92581560F911FCF607AD" box="[845,890,1706,1728]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">Sida</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp., Islamabad, Pakistan, 5 Jul 1995.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA92581324F911FA9907AD" bold="true" box="[1289,1301,1706,1728]" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">1</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, penultimate instar, dorsal / dorsolateral view; moulted to final instar 18 Jul; photographed 18 Jul; pupated 28 Jul; MJWC 95/203B.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA92581379F972FAED07B2" bold="true" box="[1364,1377,1737,1759]" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">2</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, final instar, detail of head, anterolateral view; as #1.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925814A5F95CFD180790" bold="true" box="[648,660,1767,1789]" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">3</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, pupa, lateral view; pupated 13 Jul; photographed 15 Jul; emerged 23 Jul; 12mm; MJWC 95/203A.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925817B7F8BDFE2A0671" bold="true" box="[410,422,1798,1820]" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">4</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, adult male, emerged 23 Jul 1995; MJWC 95/203A.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="71F36555FFBA925816EAF8F2FD86069C" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" type="description">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="395636DEFFBA925816EAF8F2FD86069C" blockId="2.[151,1436,1865,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="89813C83FFBA925816EAF8F2FD86069C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1316272123" collectorName="G. C. Clark" country="Kenya" location="southern African" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
|
Of the 20 African species, 15 occur in
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="41FE764EFFBA92581453F8F1FD46060F" box="[638,714,1866,1890]" name="Kenya" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, although some seem very rare. I have reared seven species, six of them in
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="41FE764EFFBA92581739F8D5FEED06EB" box="[276,353,1902,1926]" name="Kenya" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
. The
|
|||
|
|
<location id="3C366005FFBA925817B2F8D6FDD006EB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B14087C8FFB9925E16BAF967FBD80070:3C366005FFBA925817B2F8D6FDD006EB" box="[415,604,1901,1926]" country="Kenya" name="southern African" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">southern African</location>
|
|||
|
|
species are relatively well documented; their food plants are summarised in
|
|||
|
|
<tableCitation id="746B0365FFBA92581698F82AFE8106C4" box="[181,269,1937,1962]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,239,296,319]" captionText="TABLE 2. Food plant records and illustrations of early stages of Spialia spp. restricted to southern Africa. De Jong (1978) lists these records up to 1978 and Ackery et al. (1995) list the same food plant genera." pageId="2" pageNumber="303">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="941C5308FFBA92581737F82AFE1E06C7" box="[282,402,1937,1962]" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">G.C. Clark</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
(in
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBA925817EFF82AFD5C06C4" author="Dickson" box="[450,720,1937,1962]" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" refString="Dickson, C. G. C. & Kroon, D. M. (Eds.) (1978) Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa. A. D. Donker, Johannesburg, South Africa, 670 pp." type="book" year="1978">Dickson & Kroon 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) illustrated six detailed life histories of which two species and two subspecies are not covered here (
|
|||
|
|
<tableCitation id="746B0365FFBA92581461F80EFD2E06A3" box="[588,674,1973,1998]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,332,355]" captionTargetBox="[159,1417,414,818]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. The Spialia species groups of De Jong (1978), the Afrotropical members of each, and those which are documented here and by G. C. Clark (in Dickson & Kroon 1978)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6D966656FFBA925816BAFEF7FCC600EE" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" tableUuid="6D966656FFBA925816BAFEF7FCC600EE">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBA92581493F80EFC3406A3" box="[702,952,1973,1998]" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" refString="Henning, G. A., Henning, S. F., Joannou, J. G. & Woodhall, S. E. (1997) Living Butterflies of Southern Africa. Biology, Ecology and Conservation. Volume I Hesperiidae, Papilionidae and Pieridae of South Africa. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, South Africa, 395 pp." type="book">
|
|||
|
|
Henning
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA92581505F80DFCD006A3" box="[808,860,1973,1998]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. (1997)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
include photographs of early stages of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA925813AAF80DFECB069F" authority="Trimen" authorityName="Trimen" class="Branchiopoda" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agylla">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA925813AAF80DFF51069F" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">S. agylla</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Trimen)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBA92581753F861FD8F069F" box="[382,515,2009,2034]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asterodia">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBA92581753F861FD8F069F" box="[382,515,2009,2034]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="303">S. asterodia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="71F36555FFBB925916EAFF2CFC6000FD" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" type="reference_group">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="395636DEFFBB925916EAFF2CFD860195" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB925916EAFF2CFEE801DD" ID-CoL="6YZXC" box="[199,356,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galba">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925916EAFF2CFEE801DD" box="[199,356,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Spialia galba</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
belongs in the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591401FF22FD1C01DD" ID-CoL="6YZXT" box="[556,656,153,176]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sertorius">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591401FF22FD1C01DD" box="[556,656,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">sertorius</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group.
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB925914D9FF2CFB8901DD" box="[756,1029,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Davidson, J., Bell, T. R. & Aitken, E. H. (1897) The butterflies of the North Canara District of the Bombay Presidency. Part IV." type="book">
|
|||
|
|
Davidson
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591540FF22FC2901DD" box="[877,933,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. (1897)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591267FF2CFB5D01DD" author="Bell" box="[1098,1233,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Bell, T. R. (1924) The common butterflies of the plains of India (including those met with in the hill stations of the Bombay Presidency.). Part XXXI. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 29 (1923), 921 - 946." type="journal article" year="1924">Bell (1924)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
provide detailed descriptions of the life history on
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591432FF07FD5701B8" ID-CoL="7G5QT" box="[543,731,188,213]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Waltheria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591432FF07FD5701B8" box="[543,731,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Waltheria indica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="41FE764EFFBB92591529FF07FCCC01B8" box="[772,832,188,213]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">India</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, and I illustrate it here from material that I found in
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="41FE764EFFBB925916BAFF64FF7A0195" box="[151,246,223,248]" name="Pakistan" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
on a
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB9259171EFF64FEE80195" ID-CoL="7GNG" box="[307,356,223,248]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB9259171EFF64FEE80195" box="[307,356,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Sida</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="A1D22A5BFFBB925917B7FF64FE750195" box="[410,505,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1706,1728]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,894,1682]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,894,1682]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Biology of Spialia galba, collected as caterpillars on Sida sp., Islamabad, Pakistan, 5 Jul 1995. 1, penultimate instar, dorsal / dorsolateral view; moulted to final instar 18 Jul; photographed 18 Jul; pupated 28 Jul; MJWC 95 / 203 B. 2, final instar, detail of head, anterolateral view; as # 1. 3, pupa, lateral view; pupated 13 Jul; photographed 15 Jul; emerged 23 Jul; 12 mm; MJWC 95 / 203 A. 4, adult male, emerged 23 Jul 1995; MJWC 95 / 203 A." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/256598/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="6D966656FFBB925916BAFE93FBF70032" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="395636DEFFBB925916BAFE93FBF70032" blockId="3.[151,1435,295,351]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925916BAFE93FE800052" bold="true" box="[151,268,296,319]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Food plant records and illustrations of early stages of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB9259155DFE9CFC300052" ID-CoL="92N3T" box="[880,956,295,319]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB9259155DFE9CFC300052" box="[880,956,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Spialia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
spp. restricted to southern Africa. De Jong (1978) lists these records up to 1978 and Ackery
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591489FEF3FD5E0032" box="[676,722,327,351]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. (1995) list the same food plant genera.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="395636DEFFBB925916B2FEC0FC6000FD" blockId="3.[159,1426,378,976]" box="[159,1004,378,400]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">De Jong species Food plant References</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="71F36555FFBB925916B2FE21FCC80359" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" type="description">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="395636DEFFBB925916B2FE21FF5700C2" blockId="3.[159,1426,378,976]" box="[159,219,410,431]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">group</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="395636DEFFBB92591688FE03FF7E00A3" blockId="3.[159,1426,378,976]" box="[165,242,440,462]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Species</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="395636DEFFBB925916B2FE5AFEB3009A" blockId="3.[159,1426,378,976]" box="[159,319,481,503]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB925916B2FE5AFF72009A" box="[159,254,481,503]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asterodia">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925916B2FE5AFF72009A" box="[159,254,481,503]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">asterodia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="395636DEFFBB92591688FDBAFB8C037B" blockId="3.[159,1426,378,976]" box="[165,1024,512,534]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591688FDBAFDB8037B" box="[165,564,512,534]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591688FDBAFF71037B" box="[165,253,512,534]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agylla">S. agylla</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591740FDBAFDB8037B" box="[365,564,513,534]" class="Arachnida" family="Hermanniidae" genus="Hermannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="comosa">Hermannia comosa</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB9259146CFDBAFD49037B" box="[577,709,512,534]" class="Arachnida" family="Hermanniidae" genus="Hermannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuneifolia">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB9259146CFDBAFD49037B" box="[577,709,512,534]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">H. cuneifolia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(=
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925914C5FDBBFCBD037B" box="[744,817,512,534]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">pollens</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
),
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB9259156BFDBAFB8C037B" author="Murray" box="[838,1024,512,534]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Murray, D. (1959) The genitalia and food-plants of the South African Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Durban Museum Novitates, 5, 219 - 227, plates i - iii." type="journal article" year="1959">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB9259156BFDBAFCEC037B" box="[838,864,513,534]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">H.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Murray 1959
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="395636DEFFBB92591740FDA5FCC80359" blockId="3.[159,1426,378,976]" box="[365,836,542,565]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591740FDA5FE3E0359" box="[365,434,542,564]" class="Arachnida" family="Hermanniidae" genus="Hermannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diffusa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591740FDA5FE3E0359" box="[365,434,542,564]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">diffusa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(=
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925917F8FDA5FDAB0359" box="[469,551,542,564]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">pilosula</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
),
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591411FD9BFD2C0358" box="[572,672,544,565]" class="Arachnida" family="Hermanniidae" genus="Hermannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incana">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591411FD9BFD2C0358" box="[572,672,544,565]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">H. incana</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(=
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925914EEFDA5FCB00359" box="[707,828,542,564]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">candicamus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="71F36555FFBB92591740FDF2FB8C074B" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" type="reference_group">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="395636DEFFBB92591740FDF2FB9B0311" blockId="3.[159,1426,378,976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591740FDF2FE6D0333" ID-CoL="62VC3" box="[365,481,585,606]" class="Arachnida" family="Hermanniidae" genus="Hermannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591740FDF2FE6D0333" box="[365,481,585,606]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Hermannia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
spp.
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591551FDF3FBE00333" author="Dickson" box="[892,1132,584,606]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Dickson, C. G. C. & Kroon, D. M. (Eds.) (1978) Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa. A. D. Donker, Johannesburg, South Africa, 670 pp." type="book" year="1978">Dickson & Kroon 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB9259125AFDF3FAB80333" author="Pringle" box="[1143,1332,584,606]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Pringle, E. L. L., Henning, G. A. & Ball, J. B. (Eds.) (1994) Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa. Second Edition. Struik Winchester, Cape Town, South Africa, 800 pp." type="book" year="1994">
|
|||
|
|
Pringle
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925912EBFDF2FB760333" box="[1222,1274,584,606]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
1994
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591551FDDDFB9B0311" author="Woodhall" box="[892,1047,614,636]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Woodhall, S. (2005) Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Struik Nature, Capetown, South Africa, 440 pp." type="book" year="2005">Woodhall 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="395636DEFFBB92591740FD2AFAF103A2" blockId="3.[159,1426,378,976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591740FD2AFE6D03CB" ID-CoL="62VC3" box="[365,481,657,678]" class="Arachnida" family="Hermanniidae" genus="Hermannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591740FD2AFE6D03CB" box="[365,481,657,678]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Hermannia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. unidentified
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591551FD2BFBC903CB" author="Henning" box="[892,1093,656,678]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Henning, G. A., Henning, S. F., Joannou, J. G. & Woodhall, S. E. (1997) Living Butterflies of Southern Africa. Biology, Ecology and Conservation. Volume I Hesperiidae, Papilionidae and Pieridae of South Africa. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, South Africa, 395 pp." type="book" year="1997">
|
|||
|
|
Henning
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925915F4FD2AFB8103CB" box="[985,1037,656,678]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
1997
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591740FD01FDA503A2" box="[365,553,697,719]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Pavonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="burchellii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591740FD01FDA503A2" box="[365,553,697,719]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Pavonia burchellii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(=
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591460FD02FD4003A2" box="[589,716,697,719]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">macrophylla</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591551FD01FB8F03A2" author="Murray" box="[892,1027,697,719]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Murray, D. (1959) The genitalia and food-plants of the South African Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Durban Museum Novitates, 5, 219 - 227, plates i - iii." type="journal article" year="1959">Murray 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591220FD02FB5503A2" author="Henning" box="[1037,1241,697,719]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Henning, G. A., Henning, S. F., Joannou, J. G. & Woodhall, S. E. (1997) Living Butterflies of Southern Africa. Biology, Ecology and Conservation. Volume I Hesperiidae, Papilionidae and Pieridae of South Africa. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, South Africa, 395 pp." type="book" year="1997">
|
|||
|
|
Henning
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591246FD01FB1203A2" box="[1131,1182,697,719]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
1997
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB925912CEFD02FAF103A2" author="Woodhall" box="[1251,1405,697,719]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Woodhall, S. (2005) Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Struik Nature, Capetown, South Africa, 440 pp." type="book" year="2005">Woodhall 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="395636DEFFBB92591688FD58FB8C0395" blockId="3.[159,1426,378,976]" box="[165,1024,738,760]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591688FD58FD490395" box="[165,709,738,760]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591688FD58FE910395" ID-CoL="4Z2TX" box="[165,285,738,760]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asterodia">S. asterodia</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591740FD58FDBB0395" box="[365,567,739,760]" class="Arachnida" family="Hermanniidae" genus="Hermannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="comosa">Hermannia comosa</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB9259146CFD58FD490395" box="[577,709,738,760]" class="Arachnida" family="Hermanniidae" genus="Hermannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuneifolia">H. cuneifolia</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(=
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925914C5FD59FCBD0395" box="[744,817,738,760]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">pollens</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591551FD58FB8C0395" author="Murray" box="[892,1024,738,760]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Murray, D. (1959) The genitalia and food-plants of the South African Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Durban Museum Novitates, 5, 219 - 227, plates i - iii." type="journal article" year="1959">Murray 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="395636DEFFBB92591740FCB6FB8C0491" blockId="3.[159,1426,378,976]" lastBlockId="3.[165,1426,1325,1790]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591740FCB6FE5D024F" box="[365,465,780,802]" class="Arachnida" family="Hermanniidae" genus="Hermannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diffusa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591740FCB6FE5D024F" box="[365,465,780,802]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">H. diffusa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(=
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925917D9FCB7FDCA024F" box="[500,582,780,802]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">pilosula</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591551FCB6FB8F024F" author="Murray" box="[892,1027,780,802]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Murray, D. (1959) The genitalia and food-plants of the South African Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Durban Museum Novitates, 5, 219 - 227, plates i - iii." type="journal article" year="1959">Murray 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591220FCB7FB72024F" author="Dickson" box="[1037,1278,780,802]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Dickson, C. G. C. & Kroon, D. M. (Eds.) (1978) Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa. A. D. Donker, Johannesburg, South Africa, 670 pp." type="book" year="1978">Dickson & Kroon 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591325FCB7FC3D022D" author="Pringle" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Pringle, E. L. L., Henning, G. A. & Ball, J. B. (Eds.) (1994) Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa. Second Edition. Struik Winchester, Cape Town, South Africa, 800 pp." type="book" year="1994">
|
|||
|
|
Pringle
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591375FCB6FA07024F" box="[1368,1419,780,802]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
1994
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591596FC91FB0B022D" author="Henning" box="[955,1159,810,832]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Henning, G. A., Henning, S. F., Joannou, J. G. & Woodhall, S. E. (1997) Living Butterflies of Southern Africa. Biology, Ecology and Conservation. Volume I Hesperiidae, Papilionidae and Pieridae of South Africa. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, South Africa, 395 pp." type="book" year="1997">
|
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|
|
Henning
|
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<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591235FC90FBC0022D" box="[1048,1100,810,832]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
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1997
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB925912BCFC91FAA7022D" author="Woodhall" box="[1169,1323,810,832]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Woodhall, S. (2005) Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Struik Nature, Capetown, South Africa, 440 pp." type="book" year="2005">Woodhall 2005</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591740FCEEFE5D0207" box="[365,465,853,874]" class="Arachnida" family="Hermanniidae" genus="Hermannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incana">
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|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591740FCEEFE5D0207" box="[365,465,853,874]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">H. incana</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(=
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925917D9FCEFFDE10207" box="[500,621,852,874]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">candicamus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, =
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925914A3FCEFFD790207" box="[654,757,852,874]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">candicans</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591551FCEEFB8F0207" author="Murray" box="[892,1027,852,874]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Murray, D. (1959) The genitalia and food-plants of the South African Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Durban Museum Novitates, 5, 219 - 227, plates i - iii." type="journal article" year="1959">Murray 1959</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591220FCEFFB720207" author="Dickson" box="[1037,1278,852,874]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Dickson, C. G. C. & Kroon, D. M. (Eds.) (1978) Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa. A. D. Donker, Johannesburg, South Africa, 670 pp." type="book" year="1978">Dickson & Kroon 1978</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591325FCEFFC3D02E5" author="Pringle" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Pringle, E. L. L., Henning, G. A. & Ball, J. B. (Eds.) (1994) Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa. Second Edition. Struik Winchester, Cape Town, South Africa, 800 pp." type="book" year="1994">
|
|||
|
|
Pringle
|
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<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591375FCEEFA070207" box="[1368,1419,852,874]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
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1994
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591596FCC9FB0B02E5" author="Henning" box="[955,1159,882,904]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Henning, G. A., Henning, S. F., Joannou, J. G. & Woodhall, S. E. (1997) Living Butterflies of Southern Africa. Biology, Ecology and Conservation. Volume I Hesperiidae, Papilionidae and Pieridae of South Africa. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, South Africa, 395 pp." type="book" year="1997">
|
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|
|
Henning
|
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|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591235FCC8FBC002E5" box="[1048,1100,882,904]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
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1997
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB925912BCFCC9FAA702E5" author="Woodhall" box="[1169,1323,882,904]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Woodhall, S. (2005) Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Struik Nature, Capetown, South Africa, 440 pp." type="book" year="2005">Woodhall 2005</bibRefCitation>
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|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591740FC27FE4A02DF" ID-CoL="4X4R" box="[365,454,924,946]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Hibiscus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591740FC27FE4A02DF" box="[365,454,924,946]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Hibiscus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp(p).
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591551FC27FBE702DF" author="Dickson" box="[892,1131,924,946]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Dickson, C. G. C. & Kroon, D. M. (Eds.) (1978) Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa. A. D. Donker, Johannesburg, South Africa, 670 pp." type="book" year="1978">Dickson & Kroon 1978</bibRefCitation>
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|
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,
|
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|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591258FC27FABD02DF" author="Pringle" box="[1141,1329,924,946]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Pringle, E. L. L., Henning, G. A. & Ball, J. B. (Eds.) (1994) Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa. Second Edition. Struik Winchester, Cape Town, South Africa, 800 pp." type="book" year="1994">
|
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|
|
Pringle
|
|||
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|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925912E9FC26FB7B02DF" box="[1220,1271,924,946]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
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|
|
1994
|
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591316FC27FC6602BD" author="Henning" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Henning, G. A., Henning, S. F., Joannou, J. G. & Woodhall, S. E. (1997) Living Butterflies of Southern Africa. Biology, Ecology and Conservation. Volume I Hesperiidae, Papilionidae and Pieridae of South Africa. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, South Africa, 395 pp." type="book" year="1997">
|
|||
|
|
Henning
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591551FC00FC2302BD" box="[892,943,954,976]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
1997
|
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|
|
</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB925915D9FC01FB0202BD" author="Woodhall" box="[1012,1166,954,976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Woodhall, S. (2005) Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Struik Nature, Capetown, South Africa, 440 pp." type="book" year="2005">Woodhall 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591740FA95FBE7042E" authority="Dickson & Kroon 1978" authorityName="Dickson & Kroon" authorityYear="1978" box="[365,1131,1325,1347]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Hibiscus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulverata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591740FA95FE61042E" box="[365,493,1325,1347]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">H. pulverata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591551FA96FBE7042E" author="Dickson" box="[892,1131,1325,1347]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Dickson, C. G. C. & Kroon, D. M. (Eds.) (1978) Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa. A. D. Donker, Johannesburg, South Africa, 670 pp." type="book" year="1978">Dickson & Kroon 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591258FA96FABD042E" author="Pringle" box="[1141,1329,1325,1347]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Pringle, E. L. L., Henning, G. A. & Ball, J. B. (Eds.) (1994) Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa. Second Edition. Struik Winchester, Cape Town, South Africa, 800 pp." type="book" year="1994">
|
|||
|
|
Pringle
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925912E9FA95FB7B042E" box="[1220,1271,1325,1347]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
1994
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591316FA96FC66040F" author="Henning" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Henning, G. A., Henning, S. F., Joannou, J. G. & Woodhall, S. E. (1997) Living Butterflies of Southern Africa. Biology, Ecology and Conservation. Volume I Hesperiidae, Papilionidae and Pieridae of South Africa. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, South Africa, 395 pp." type="book" year="1997">
|
|||
|
|
Henning
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591551FAF6FC23040F" box="[892,943,1356,1378]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
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1997
|
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|
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB925915D9FAF7FB02040F" author="Woodhall" box="[1012,1166,1356,1378]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Woodhall, S. (2005) Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Struik Nature, Capetown, South Africa, 440 pp." type="book" year="2005">Woodhall 2005</bibRefCitation>
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|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591740FACEFE5D04E6" box="[365,465,1397,1419]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Mahernia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591740FACEFE5D04E6" box="[365,465,1397,1419]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Mahernia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. (=
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB9259143AFACDFD0604E6" ID-CoL="62VC3" box="[535,650,1398,1419]" class="Arachnida" family="Hermanniidae" genus="Hermannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB9259143AFACDFD0604E6" box="[535,650,1398,1419]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Hermannia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp.)
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591551FACEFBE004E6" author="Dickson" box="[892,1132,1397,1419]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Dickson, C. G. C. & Kroon, D. M. (Eds.) (1978) Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa. A. D. Donker, Johannesburg, South Africa, 670 pp." type="book" year="1978">Dickson & Kroon 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB9259125AFACEFABF04E6" author="Ackery" box="[1143,1331,1397,1419]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Ackery, P. R., Smith, C. R. & Vane-Wright, R. I. (Eds.) (1995) Carcasson's African Butterflies. An annotated catalogue of the Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea of the Afrotropical Region. CSIRO Publications, Melbourne, Australia, 803 pp." type="book" year="1995">
|
|||
|
|
Ackery
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925912EAFACDFB7704E6" box="[1223,1275,1397,1419]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
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|
|
1995
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
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|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591740FA25FBE704D9" ID-CoL="6M77Q" authority="Dickson & Kroon 1978" authorityName="Dickson & Kroon" authorityYear="1978" box="[365,1131,1438,1460]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Hibiscus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aethiopicus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591740FA25FDCD04D9" box="[365,577,1438,1460]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Hibiscus aethiopicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591551FA25FBE704D9" author="Dickson" box="[892,1131,1438,1460]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Dickson, C. G. C. & Kroon, D. M. (Eds.) (1978) Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa. A. D. Donker, Johannesburg, South Africa, 670 pp." type="book" year="1978">Dickson & Kroon 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591258FA25FABD04D9" author="Pringle" box="[1141,1329,1438,1461]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Pringle, E. L. L., Henning, G. A. & Ball, J. B. (Eds.) (1994) Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa. Second Edition. Struik Winchester, Cape Town, South Africa, 800 pp." type="book" year="1994">
|
|||
|
|
Pringle
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925912E9FA1BFB7B04D9" box="[1220,1271,1438,1461]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
1994
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591316FA25FC6604BE" author="Henning" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Henning, G. A., Henning, S. F., Joannou, J. G. & Woodhall, S. E. (1997) Living Butterflies of Southern Africa. Biology, Ecology and Conservation. Volume I Hesperiidae, Papilionidae and Pieridae of South Africa. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, South Africa, 395 pp." type="book" year="1997">
|
|||
|
|
Henning
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591551FA05FC2304BE" box="[892,943,1469,1491]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
1997
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB925915D9FA06FB0204BE" author="Woodhall" box="[1012,1166,1469,1491]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Woodhall, S. (2005) Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Struik Nature, Capetown, South Africa, 440 pp." type="book" year="2005">Woodhall 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591740FA53FDA50491" box="[365,553,1510,1533]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Pavonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="burchellii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591740FA53FDA50491" box="[365,553,1510,1533]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Pavonia burchellii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(=
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591460FA5DFD400491" box="[589,716,1510,1532]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">macrophylla</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591551FA5CFB8C0491" author="Murray" box="[892,1024,1510,1532]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Murray, D. (1959) The genitalia and food-plants of the South African Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Durban Museum Novitates, 5, 219 - 227, plates i - iii." type="journal article" year="1959">Murray 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="395636DEFFBB92591740FC5EFAA70596" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<table id="4BE9C47EFFBB6DA516B2FC5FFA1E0477" box="[159,1426,996,1306]" gridcols="3" gridrows="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="87D9349CFFBB6DA516B2FC5FFA1E0297" box="[159,1426,996,1018]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" rowspan-0="1">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="C4085DE0FFBB6DA51740FC5FFCEC0297" box="[365,864,996,1018]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591740FC5EFDA50297" box="[365,553,996,1018]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Pavonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="burchellii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591740FC5EFDA50297" box="[365,553,996,1018]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Pavonia burchellii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(=
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591460FC5FFD400297" box="[589,716,996,1018]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">macrophylla</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="C4085DE0FFBB6DA51551FC5FFA1E0297" box="[892,1426,996,1018]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
Murray 1959, Henning
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591246FC5EFB120297" box="[1131,1182,996,1018]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
1997, Woodhall 2005
|
|||
|
|
</th>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="87D9349CFFBB6DA516B2FBB6FA1E052F" box="[159,1426,1037,1090]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="C4085DE0FFBB6DA516B2FBB6FEB1052F" box="[159,317,1037,1090]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB925916B2FBB6FF66054E" ID-CoL="6YZZB" box="[159,234,1037,1059]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dromus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925916B2FBB6FF66054E" box="[159,234,1037,1059]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">dromus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591688FB97FF74052F" ID-CoL="6YZXJ" box="[165,248,1068,1090]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paula">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591688FB97FF74052F" box="[165,248,1068,1090]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">S. paula</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="C4085DE0FFBB6DA51740FBB6FCEC052F" box="[365,864,1037,1090]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Unknown</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="C4085DE0FFBB6DA51551FBB6FA1E052F" box="[892,1426,1037,1090]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Woodhall 2005</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="87D9349CFFBB6DA516B2FBEEFA1E0506" box="[159,1426,1109,1131]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="C4085DE0FFBB6DA516B2FBEEFEB10506" box="[159,317,1109,1131]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591688FBEDFE980506" ID-CoL="6YZY4" box="[165,276,1110,1131]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="secessus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591688FBEDFE980506" box="[165,276,1110,1131]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">S. secessus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="C4085DE0FFBB6DA51740FBEEFCEC0506" box="[365,864,1109,1131]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Unknown</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="C4085DE0FFBB6DA51551FBEEFA1E0506" box="[892,1426,1109,1131]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Woodhall 2005</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="87D9349CFFBB6DA516B2FBC5FA1E05DE" box="[159,1426,1150,1203]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="C4085DE0FFBB6DA516B2FBC5FEB105DE" box="[159,317,1150,1203]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB925916B2FBC5FF7005F9" ID-CoL="6YZYV" box="[159,252,1150,1172]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delagoae">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925916B2FBC5FF7005F9" box="[159,252,1150,1172]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">delagoae</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591688FB25FE9705DE" ID-CoL="6YZYV" box="[165,283,1181,1203]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delagoae">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591688FB25FE9705DE" box="[165,283,1181,1203]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">S. delagoae</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="C4085DE0FFBB6DA51740FBC5FCEC05DE" box="[365,864,1150,1203]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591740FB26FDBD05DE" ID-CoL="3ZDYL" box="[365,561,1181,1203]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Melhania" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="prostrata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591740FB26FDBD05DE" box="[365,561,1181,1203]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Melhania prostrata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="C4085DE0FFBB6DA51551FBC5FA1E05DE" box="[892,1426,1150,1203]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
Otto
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591582FB25FC6F05DE" box="[943,995,1181,1203]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2013
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="87D9349CFFBB6DA516B2FB7DFA1E0477" box="[159,1426,1222,1306]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="C4085DE0FFBB6DA516B2FB7DFEB10477" box="[159,317,1222,1306]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591688FB7CFF7605B0" ID-CoL="6YZXL" box="[165,250,1223,1245]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nanus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591688FB7CFF7605B0" box="[165,250,1223,1245]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">S. nanus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="C4085DE0FFBB6DA51740FB7DFCEC0477" box="[365,864,1222,1306]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591740FB73FD4905B1" box="[365,709,1222,1245]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591740FB73FDBB05B0" box="[365,567,1224,1245]" class="Arachnida" family="Hermanniidae" genus="Hermannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="comosa">Hermannia comosa</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB9259146CFB73FD4905B1" box="[577,709,1222,1245]" class="Arachnida" family="Hermanniidae" genus="Hermannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuneifolia">H. cuneifolia</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(=
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925914C5FB7DFCBD05B1" box="[744,817,1222,1244]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">pollens</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
),
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB9259156BFB73FE3E0596" class="Arachnida" family="Hermanniidae" genus="Hermannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diffusa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB9259156BFB73FE3E0596" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">H. diffusa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(=
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925917F8FB5EFDAB0596" box="[469,551,1253,1275]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">pilosula</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
),
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591411FB5DFD2C0596" box="[572,672,1254,1275]" class="Arachnida" family="Hermanniidae" genus="Hermannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incana">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591411FB5DFD2C0596" box="[572,672,1254,1275]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">H. incana</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(=
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925914EEFB5EFCB00596" box="[707,828,1253,1275]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">candicamus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, =
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591740FABFFE580477" box="[365,468,1284,1306]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">candicans</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="C4085DE0FFBB6DA51551FB7DFA1E0477" box="[892,1426,1222,1306]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
Murray 1959, Dickson & Kroon 1978, Pringle
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591375FB73FA0705B1" box="[1368,1419,1222,1245]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
1994, Henning
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591235FB5DFBC00596" box="[1048,1100,1253,1275]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
1997, Woodhall 2005
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
</table>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="395636DEFFBB92591688F9AAFB8C074B" blockId="3.[165,1426,1325,1790]" box="[165,1024,1552,1574]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591688F9AAFD49074B" box="[165,709,1552,1574]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591688F9AAFE98074B" ID-CoL="6YZXS" box="[165,276,1553,1574]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sataspes">S. sataspes</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591740F9AAFDBB074B" box="[365,567,1553,1574]" class="Arachnida" family="Hermanniidae" genus="Hermannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="comosa">Hermannia comosa</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB9259146CF9AAFD49074B" box="[577,709,1552,1574]" class="Arachnida" family="Hermanniidae" genus="Hermannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuneifolia">H. cuneifolia</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(=
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925914C5F9ABFCBD074B" box="[744,817,1552,1574]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">pollens</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
),
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB9259156BF9AAFB8C074B" author="Murray" box="[838,1024,1552,1574]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Murray, D. (1959) The genitalia and food-plants of the South African Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Durban Museum Novitates, 5, 219 - 227, plates i - iii." type="journal article" year="1959">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB9259156BF9AAFCEC074B" box="[838,864,1553,1574]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">H.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Murray 1959
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="71F36555FFBB92591740F995FCC80729" box="[365,836,1582,1605]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" type="description">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="395636DEFFBB92591740F995FCC80729" blockId="3.[165,1426,1325,1790]" box="[365,836,1582,1605]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591740F995FE3E0729" box="[365,434,1582,1604]" class="Arachnida" family="Hermanniidae" genus="Hermannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diffusa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591740F995FE3E0729" box="[365,434,1582,1604]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">diffusa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(=
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925917F8F995FDAB0729" box="[469,551,1582,1604]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">pilosula</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
),
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591411F98BFD2C0728" box="[572,672,1584,1605]" class="Arachnida" family="Hermanniidae" genus="Hermannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incana">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591411F98BFD2C0728" box="[572,672,1584,1605]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">H. incana</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(=
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925914EEF995FCB00729" box="[707,828,1582,1604]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">candicamus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="71F36555FFBB925E1740F9E2FBD80070" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="305" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" type="reference_group">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="395636DEFFBB92591740F9E2FC7C0686" blockId="3.[165,1426,1325,1790]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,1858,2027]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591740F9E2FE6D0703" ID-CoL="62VC3" box="[365,481,1625,1646]" class="Arachnida" family="Hermanniidae" genus="Hermannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591740F9E2FE6D0703" box="[365,481,1625,1646]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Hermannia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
spp.
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591551F9E3FBE70703" author="Dickson" box="[892,1131,1624,1646]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Dickson, C. G. C. & Kroon, D. M. (Eds.) (1978) Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa. A. D. Donker, Johannesburg, South Africa, 670 pp." type="book" year="1978">Dickson & Kroon 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591258F9E3FABD0703" author="Pringle" box="[1141,1329,1624,1646]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Pringle, E. L. L., Henning, G. A. & Ball, J. B. (Eds.) (1994) Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa. Second Edition. Struik Winchester, Cape Town, South Africa, 800 pp." type="book" year="1994">
|
|||
|
|
Pringle
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925912E9F9E2FB7B0703" box="[1220,1271,1624,1646]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
1994
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591316F9E3FC6607E1" author="Henning" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Henning, G. A., Henning, S. F., Joannou, J. G. & Woodhall, S. E. (1997) Living Butterflies of Southern Africa. Biology, Ecology and Conservation. Volume I Hesperiidae, Papilionidae and Pieridae of South Africa. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, South Africa, 395 pp." type="book" year="1997">
|
|||
|
|
Henning
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591551F9C3FC2307E1" box="[892,943,1654,1677]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
1997
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB925915D9F9CDFB0207E1" author="Woodhall" box="[1012,1166,1654,1676]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Woodhall, S. (2005) Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Struik Nature, Capetown, South Africa, 440 pp." type="book" year="2005">Woodhall 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591740F91BFB8F07DB" ID-CoL="6M77Q" authority="Murray 1959" authorityName="Murray" authorityYear="1959" box="[365,1027,1696,1718]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Hibiscus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aethiopicus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591740F91BFDCD07DB" box="[365,577,1696,1718]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Hibiscus aethiopicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591551F91AFB8F07DB" author="Murray" box="[892,1027,1696,1718]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Murray, D. (1959) The genitalia and food-plants of the South African Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Durban Museum Novitates, 5, 219 - 227, plates i - iii." type="journal article" year="1959">Murray 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591220F91BFB7207DB" author="Dickson" box="[1037,1278,1696,1718]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Dickson, C. G. C. & Kroon, D. M. (Eds.) (1978) Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa. A. D. Donker, Johannesburg, South Africa, 670 pp." type="book" year="1978">Dickson & Kroon 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591325F91BFC3D07B9" author="Pringle" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Pringle, E. L. L., Henning, G. A. & Ball, J. B. (Eds.) (1994) Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa. Second Edition. Struik Winchester, Cape Town, South Africa, 800 pp." type="book" year="1994">
|
|||
|
|
Pringle
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591375F91AFA0707DB" box="[1368,1419,1696,1718]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
1994
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591596F905FB0B07B9" author="Henning" box="[955,1159,1726,1749]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Henning, G. A., Henning, S. F., Joannou, J. G. & Woodhall, S. E. (1997) Living Butterflies of Southern Africa. Biology, Ecology and Conservation. Volume I Hesperiidae, Papilionidae and Pieridae of South Africa. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, South Africa, 395 pp." type="book" year="1997">
|
|||
|
|
Henning
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591235F97BFBC007B9" box="[1048,1100,1726,1749]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
1997
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB925912BCF905FAA707B9" author="Woodhall" box="[1169,1323,1726,1748]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Woodhall, S. (2005) Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Struik Nature, Capetown, South Africa, 440 pp." type="book" year="2005">Woodhall 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591740F952FDA50793" box="[365,553,1768,1790]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Pavonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="burchellii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591740F952FDA50793" box="[365,553,1768,1790]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Pavonia burchellii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(=
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591460F953FD400793" box="[589,716,1768,1790]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">macrophylla</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591551F952FB8F0793" author="Murray" box="[892,1027,1768,1790]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Murray, D. (1959) The genitalia and food-plants of the South African Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Durban Museum Novitates, 5, 219 - 227, plates i - iii." type="journal article" year="1959">Murray 1959</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591220F953FB550793" author="Henning" box="[1037,1241,1768,1790]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Henning, G. A., Henning, S. F., Joannou, J. G. & Woodhall, S. E. (1997) Living Butterflies of Southern Africa. Biology, Ecology and Conservation. Volume I Hesperiidae, Papilionidae and Pieridae of South Africa. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, South Africa, 395 pp." type="book" year="1997">
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Henning
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<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591246F952FB120793" box="[1131,1182,1768,1790]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
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1997
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB925912CEF953FAF10793" author="Woodhall" box="[1251,1405,1768,1790]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="Woodhall, S. (2005) Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Struik Nature, Capetown, South Africa, 440 pp." type="book" year="2005">Woodhall 2005</bibRefCitation>
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The caterpillars of all species are quite similar, but they differ principally in the markings and arrangement and
|
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<typeStatus id="E652887CFFBB925916BAF8DCFF4B0612" box="[151,199,1895,1919]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">type</typeStatus>
|
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of setae of the head, and the markings of the pronotum. All the
|
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<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB925915BBF8DDFC6A0612" ID-CoL="92N3T" box="[918,998,1894,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
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<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB925915BBF8DDFC6A0612" box="[918,998,1894,1919]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Spialia</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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spp. treated below feed on
|
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<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591331F8DDFA140612" ID-CoL="CDB" box="[1308,1432,1894,1919]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
|
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, although
|
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<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB9259172CF830FED506CE" ID-CoL="6YZYZ" box="[257,345,1930,1955]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="doris">
|
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<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB9259172CF830FED506CE" box="[257,345,1930,1955]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">S. doris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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also feeds on
|
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<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB925917D3F831FD3A06CE" ID-CoL="8J9" box="[510,694,1930,1955]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Convolvulaceae</taxonomicName>
|
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|
. It may be noted that Palaearctic species include
|
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|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB925912CAF831FA1006CE" ID-CoL="8J9" box="[1255,1436,1930,1955]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Convolvulaceae</taxonomicName>
|
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and
|
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|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB925916EBF814FEBC06AB" ID-CoL="FTK" box="[198,304,1967,1990]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
|
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|
|
amongst their food plants (
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB9259144EF814FC8F06AA" author="De" box="[611,771,1967,1991]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="De Jong, R. (1974) Systematics and evolution of the Palaearctic Spialia species (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 117, 225 - 271." type="journal article" year="1974">De Jong 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBB92591522F814FCC706AA" author="Jong" box="[783,843,1967,1991]" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" refString="De Jong, R. (1978) Monograph of the genus Spialia Swinhoe (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 121, 23 - 146." type="journal article" year="1978">1978</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
). All Afrotropical
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FEE94D5DFFBB92591237F815FBE506AA" ID-CoL="92N3T" box="[1050,1129,1966,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Spialia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="304" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
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|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBB92591237F815FBE506AA" box="[1050,1129,1966,1991]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="304">Spialia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
spp. seem to make shelters between young leaves or by folding leaves without necessarily cutting them.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="395636DEFFBC925E16EAFF2CFBD80070" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
|
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|
|
<materialsCitation id="89813C83FFBC925E16EAFF2CFBD80070" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1316272128" country="Kenya" location="southern Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" specimenCount="1">
|
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|
|
Adults rest with their wings nearly fully open when active, and with them closed when quiescent. They all have a fast darting flight, close to the ground, which is usually difficult to follow. All species are likely to be attracted to flowers, and some come to damp patches and faeces. Most species, at least in
|
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|
|
<location id="3C366005FFBC925E12A5FF64FAB60195" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B14087C8FFB9925E16BAF967FBD80070:3C366005FFBC925E12A5FF64FAB60195" box="[1160,1338,223,248]" country="Kenya" name="southern Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">southern Africa</location>
|
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|
|
, seem to hill-top (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5D784B2FFFBC925E16D5FEBFFE500071" author="Henning" box="[248,476,260,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" refString="Henning, G. A., Henning, S. F., Joannou, J. G. & Woodhall, S. E. (1997) Living Butterflies of Southern Africa. Biology, Ecology and Conservation. Volume I Hesperiidae, Papilionidae and Pieridae of South Africa. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, South Africa, 395 pp." type="book" year="1997">
|
|||
|
|
Henning
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9DEACCFFBC925E174CFEBEFE150070" box="[353,409,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
1997
|
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|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), but I have not made systematic observations in
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="41FE764EFFBC925E122EFEBEFBDC0070" box="[1027,1104,261,285]" name="Kenya" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
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|
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</document>
|