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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.94.794" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bbfece5e-665a-4062-92ec-3fe8b059e0bd" ID-PMC="PMC3095178" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-94-1" ID-PubMed="21594074" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-94-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 94" ModsDocTitle="Marine Gastrotricha of the Near East: 1. Fourteen new species of Macrodasyida and a redescription of Dactylopodola agadasys Hochberg, 2003" checkinTime="1451250463722" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hummon, William D." docDate="2011" docId="37018028B883CAF7021CDDF121ECEB1A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 94: 1-59" docOrigin="ZooKeys 94" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.94.794" docTitle="Dendrodasys rubomarinus Hummon, 2011, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="7D5E8574FF915668FF877704990AFFF6" masterDocTitle="Marine Gastrotricha of the Near East: 1. Fourteen new species of Macrodasyida and a redescription of Dactylopodola agadasys Hochberg, 2003" masterLastPageNumber="59" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1668168971445" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Marine Gastrotricha of the Near East: 1. Fourteen new species of Macrodasyida and a redescription of Dactylopodola agadasys Hochberg, 2003</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hummon, William D.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>94</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>59</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.94.794</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.94.794</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-94-1</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159365027" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:72488F13-99B8-4EC7-8C02-D38F1A52753B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/37018028B883CAF7021CDDF121ECEB1A" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:72488F13-99B8-4EC7-8C02-D38F1A52753B" family="Dactylopodolidae" genus="Dendrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrodasys rubomarinus" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="rubomarinus">Dendrodasys rubomarinus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="11" pageNumber="12">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figure 5
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicName family="Dactylopodolidae" genus="Dendrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrodasys" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="genus">Dendrodasys</taxonomicName>
EgyA
<bibRefCitation author="Hummon, WD" journalOrPublisher="Meiofauna Marina" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="121 - 132" title="Tetranchyroderma parapapii sp. n. (Gastrotricha, Thaumastodermatidae), a North American analog to the European T. papii, with a redescription of the latter." volume="17" year="2009">Hummon (2009)</bibRefCitation>
[E Med &amp; Red Sea Database].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Diagnosis:</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Adult 272
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
; PhJIn at U20. Body slender; head has crescent-shaped anterior, with protruding mouth and laterally directed lobes that have rounded tips, with a knob-shaped pestle organ on each side lying largely exposed beneath the rear of the head lobes; neck constriction slight, marking the pharyngeal pore openings; trunk parallel-sided, narrowing gradually in the rear, ending in a long, narrow caudal peduncle, with a bifurcate apex that indents medially to U90; pharynx short, pharyngeal pores basal; intestine narrows fore to aft; anus ventral at U68. Glands 7 per side, with another medially in the caudal peduncle; longitudinal muscles are striated. TbA 1 per side, with a duo-gland tube extending forward from a tapering base; TbL absent; TbP 3 per side, the longer one, arising from the caudal base, and the shorter two, arising from the bifurcate tip of the caudum. Mouth diameter narrow, protruding forward from anterior head curvature; small goblet-shaped buccal cavity moderately cuticularized; pharyngial pores located at the level of the neck constriction, and only detected with maturity; intestine broader in front, narrower behind, its lumen fringed by actively-beating cilia; anus ventral at U68. Locomotor ciliation forms paired longitudinal
<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="13" start="start">bands</pageBreakToken>
from the TbA rearward, joining behind the anus and continuing as a unified band onto the caudal peduncle, with a patch lying just before the bifurca. Hermaphroditic; paired testes lie along the fore-gut and paired ovaries along the rear mid-gut, eggs maturing rear to front; an ovoid frontal organ bearing active sperm occurs opposite the largest ovum on the right side.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Description:</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Adult Lt 244-272
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
; LPh 48-53
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
to PhJIn at U20 (Fig. 5). Body flattened ventrally, vaulted dorsally, comprised of head that is crescent-shaped anteriorly, with laterally directed lobes that have rounded tips and a protruding mouth, with a knob-shaped cephalic pestle organ (L 7
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) on each side that lies largely exposed beneath the rear of the head lobes; neck constriction slight, marking the pharyngeal pore openings; neck constriction slight; the trunk is parallel-sided trunk, narrowing gradually in the rear, ending in a long, narrow caudal peduncle, with a bifurcate apex that indents medially to U90. Width of head /lobes /neck /trunk /caudal base are as follows: 28 /38 /21 /26-28 /7
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
at U08 /U04 /U18 /U31-U55 /U73, respectively. Glands are of two types, one with 4 per side, oval in shape (diam 4-6
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) at U05 /U13 /U26 /U62 and a solitary medial gland on the caudal peduncle at U87, the other with 3 per side, ragged in shape and more refringent (diam 3
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) at U21 /U42 /U65.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Adhesive tubes: TbA 1 per side (L 18
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
), comprising a long (6
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) duo-gland tube extending forward from a heavy tapering base that inserts directly on the body surface, tubes being highly mobile and able to project laterally; TbL are absent; TbP 3 per side: one longer (L 12
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) arising proximally from the caudal peduncle, and two shorter (L 5 &amp; 9
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) arising from the bifurcate tips of the 80
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long pedunculated caudum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Ventral ciliation: Head lobes bear a transverse row of cilia ventrally (L 8µm); head bears numerous cilia (L 10-25
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) frontally, laterally and dorsally; sensory hairs 7 each per side occur in lateral (L 8-10
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) and dorsal (L the first 26-28, others 14-16
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) columns, lateral cilia occurring singly, dorsal cilia occurring in pairs, all spaced more or less evenly from U08 to U70, behind which are single lateral hairs on either side at U76 and U90 on the caudal peduncle. Locomotor ciliation runs in paired longitudinal bands from the TbA rearward, joining behind the anus and continuing as a unified band onto the caudal peduncle, with a patch lying just before the bifurca.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Digestive tract: Mouth diameter narrow (2
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
), protruding forward from the anterior head curvature; a goblet-shaped buccal cavity is moderately cuticularized; pharynx narrow, its basal pores located at the level of the neck constriction, and only detected with maturity; intestine narrow, broader in front, narrowing markedly half way along its length, but with a bulge around the anus, its lumen being fringed by actively-beating cilia; anus ventral at U68.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Reproductive tract: Simultaneous hermaphrodites; testes paired, but uneven in origin, along the fore-gut, its vasa deferentia extending rearward, but their termini not seen; sperm (L 25
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) show half a spirally thickened head and half a flagellum; ovaries, with several (3-7) immature ovules, are located along the rear mid-gut, with the most mature ova developing medially forward between ovary and testes; an ovoid frontal organ bearing active sperm occurs opposite the largest ovum on the right side.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Figure 5.
<taxonomicName family="Dactylopodolidae" genus="Dendrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrodasys rubomarinus" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="rubomarinus">Dendrodasys rubomarinus</taxonomicName>
sp. n. dorsal and ventral views of a mature adult (Lt=272, LPh=53
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) from Giftun Island SE, near Hurghada, Egypt; dorsal with body conformation, dorsal and lateral body cilia and pattern of glands; ventral with digestive and reproductive tracts, pestle organs, adhesive tubes and locomotor ciliary bands.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Ecology:</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Occasional (10-30% of samples) in frequency of occurrence, scarce to prevalent (3% to more than 30% of a sample, the latter sometimes a co-dominant [cdom]) in abundance; littoral in clean fine to coarse, well- to poorly sorted coralline sands at low water neap to low water spring; sublittoral in medium-fine to medium, well to medium sorted, clean coralline sands, often mixed with shell and coral gravel, at 1-5 m water depth.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="geographical distribution">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Geographical distribution:</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
RED SEA:EGYPT: {Sharm el-Arab Inside, Marsa Bareika N, ^Giftun Island SE (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="27.166666">27°10'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="33.95">33°57'E</geoCoordinate>
) [cdom] [video], Main Beach Ras Mohamed NP [2-videos], Nabq [video]}.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Remarks:</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
There are four video sequences of
<taxonomicName family="Dactylopodolidae" genus="Dendrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrodasys rubomarinus" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="rubomarinus">Dendrodasys rubomarinus</taxonomicName>
sp. n., all from the Red Sea in Egypt. All four are available as MPEG 2 (and MPEG 1) from
<bibRefCitation author="Hummon, WD" journalOrPublisher="Meiofauna Marina" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="121 - 132" title="Tetranchyroderma parapapii sp. n. (Gastrotricha, Thaumastodermatidae), a North American analog to the European T. papii, with a redescription of the latter." volume="17" year="2009">Hummon (2009)</bibRefCitation>
: #797 a mature Lectotype adult of Lt=272
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(LPh=53
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
), collected in June 1994 from Giftun Island SE, near Hurghada, Egypt; #800 a mature adult of Lt=258
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(LPh=51
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) from Main Beach Ras Mohamed National Park, S. Sinai, Egypt; #799 a mature adult of Lt=244
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(LPh=48
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) also from Main Beach; and the other #798 a subadult of Lt=152
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(LPh=35
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) from Nabq, Egypt, also on the S. Sinai. The hind-gut is often found bearing diatom frustules.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Etymology:</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Rubomarinus (Latin: ruber + marinus = meaning 'red
<normalizedToken originalValue="sea’">sea'</normalizedToken>
) refers to the body of water in which it was found, the Red Sea.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="taxonomic affinities">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Taxonomic affinities:</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName family="Dactylopodolidae" genus="Dendrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrodasys rubomarinus" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="rubomarinus">Dendrodasys rubomarinus</taxonomicName>
sp. n. is the only member of the genus with rounded head lobes and pestle organs that are knob-like, that also has the neck constriction occurring at the pharyngeal pores, rather than behind the pharyngeal pores, and has bi-lateral testes. Two of the other four species closely resemble
<taxonomicName family="Dactylopodolidae" genus="Dendrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrodasys rubomarinus" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="rubomarinus">Dendrodasys rubomarinus</taxonomicName>
, but differ in detail:
<taxonomicName family="Dactylopodolidae" genus="Dendrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrodasys gracilis" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="gracilis">Dendrodasys gracilis</taxonomicName>
Wilke, 1954 has rounded head lobes, pyriform pestle organs and bi-lateral testes, while
<taxonomicName family="Dactylopodolidae" genus="Dendrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrodasys affinis" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="affinis">Dendrodasys affinis</taxonomicName>
Wilke, 1954 [see also
<bibRefCitation author="Hummon, WD" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino di Zoologia" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="109 - 119" title="Italian marine Gastrotricha: V. Four new and one redescribed species of Macrodasyida in the Dactylopodolidae and Thaumastodermatidae." volume="65" year="1998">Hummon et al. (1998)</bibRefCitation>
] has rounded head lobes, lobiform pestle organs, and uni-lateral testes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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