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<document id="03C5CA77CCA783BA63FB295319934069" ID-CLB-Dataset="50774" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.273349" ID-GBIF-Dataset="64ec0576-a5da-484d-8b5f-2be6428cd062" ID-ISSN="1175­5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="273349" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459756766008" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bandyopadhyay, Probir K., Mitra, Amlan Kumar &amp; Mallik, Partha" docDate="2006" docId="03D9A85B7A305C7384047F6BFB9632CF" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01120p055.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1120" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Monocystis clubae Bandyopadhyay, Mitra &amp; Mallik, 2006, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="54" masterDocId="FFE0D0237A315C77850C792DFF9B3349" masterDocTitle="Biology of Monocystis clubae sp. nov. (Apicomplexa: Eugregarinida) from an Indian earthworm Lampito mauritii (Annelida: Oligochaeta) of India" masterLastPageNumber="55" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="52" updateTime="1698218145135" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="D23609B24B3D527DFE70A02ED6909691" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="3839A0F7DE1464D18D094292225C19BA">
<mods:title id="1FA165FD4A5E76AC068762EF680DD598">Biology of Monocystis clubae sp. nov. (Apicomplexa: Eugregarinida) from an Indian earthworm Lampito mauritii (Annelida: Oligochaeta) of India</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="F5E0A38E7E02E1CA82AE1A52611FB917" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4B829771FFB0C679FAD344CB363DF7D9">
<mods:roleTerm id="3236C8907428EEA7992833ED8669A422">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B70F6C0CA0D88104F406E4FFD550D325">Bandyopadhyay, Probir K.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="2FCD8FFB6F41B4703F9DCCED70C61BFE" type="personal">
<mods:role id="534A0AEBB7C4D5FA95D8D81114C447D1">
<mods:roleTerm id="3E6B3F7805CE1E38F15D105E746897DC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="98259B8C1A8204AD5DEE788955C41C71">Mitra, Amlan Kumar</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="007B5B19AE4FFA8C2DAA0F311D863627" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D7837E55D51AB815B7D199317EC280B8">
<mods:roleTerm id="32D713E273ED92454324C693826C1556">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8907EF586A4AA0B442FF81D14141487A">Mallik, Partha</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="33E1A5166C99D5BBFBBCBD577A3EC563">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="6BB92C6510488D59F80ADF7BA6D12FD9" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="C6F2D94035A1815E763F015B4D7142E6">
<mods:title id="9A7F7756CE6783D119D191501A43B98E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="D11C300BFBB6DAB4BA7B8DF3B4F72CCF">
<mods:date id="F06A8DA6A0C09A731FC67AD0620E7858">2006</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="0C425DD5D367E6BCD4EC645A3D2125CE" type="volume">
<mods:number id="59D66E4806C2938F0650C4AA40EDD493">1120</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="ED831E0A67123AAF8709DF2561319255" unit="page">
<mods:start id="EF6086C7A1BE7BCFB2393513B1A79EED">51</mods:start>
<mods:end id="3BF791453F47C82CD91F09BBF4A22442">55</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
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<mods:classification id="F7AEA0A2C862CC675437889EF3170143">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="14C5A02F2A9B45C51ABF04D0AF26E52E" type="CLB-Dataset">50774</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2D0A27F3342DD23CF982F49BD9609EA5" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.273349</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="59871C2A89FA14EC1EC1C0E3F059B061" type="GBIF-Dataset">64ec0576-a5da-484d-8b5f-2be6428cd062</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E3D9A4572DD25AE3B6873BF71957F374" type="ISSN">1175­5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C60496B58664C651BFE097C6101D4D65" type="Zenodo-Dep">273349</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03D9A85B7A305C7384047F6BFB9632CF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6263593" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119343844" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6263593" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9A85B7A305C7384047F6BFB9632CF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D9A85B7A305C7384047F6BFB9632CF" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<subSubSection id="C36A4AC67A305C7584047F6BFA8F3217" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCF194D7A305C7684047F6BFD473529" blockId="1.[264,732,1606,1632]" box="[264,732,1606,1632]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<heading id="D087AE217A305C7684047F6BFD473529" bold="true" box="[264,732,1606,1632]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A305C7684047F6BFD473529" bold="true" box="[264,732,1606,1632]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A305C7684047F6BFE733529" box="[264,488,1606,1632]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clubae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A305C7684047F6BFE733529" bold="true" box="[264,488,1606,1632]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Monocystis clubae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23778247A305C7684E37F6BFDD63529" box="[495,589,1606,1632]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="134B05C87A305C7687687F6BFD483529" box="[612,723,1606,1632]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="2.[264,382,1761,1785]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,929,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[258,1329,929,1735]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Photomicrographs of different stages of life cycle of Monocystis clubae sp. nov. Figs. 1 – 2. Mature gamonts; Fig. 3. Gametocyst; Fig. 4 Oocyst. Scale bars 100 µm (Figs. 1 – 2); 10 µm (Fig. 3)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273350/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF194D7A305C7584047FBCFA8F3217" blockId="1.[264,1323,1681,1867]" lastBlockId="2.[264,1322,284,830]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Gamont Length (GL): 104.0­179.0 (160.0±24.5, 28); Gamont Width (GW): 62.5.0–71.0 (64.0±6.5, 28); Tail Length (TL): 33.0–45.0 (41.0±3.0, 28); Tail Width (TW): 8.0–11.0 (9.0±0.2, 28); Nucleus Length (NL): 12.0–24.0 (20.0±4.0, 28); Nucleus Width (NW): 4.0–16.0 (11.0±4.0, 28); Gametocyst Length (GL): 88.0–107.0 (104.0±1.3, 28); Gametocyst Width (GW): 86.0–102.0 (96.0±1.9, 28); Oocyst Length (OL): 9.6–11.0 (10.4±0., 28); Oocyst Width (OW): 7.3–8.0 (7.6±0.2, 28); GL:GW= 2.0:1.0; GL:TL= 3.9:1; GW:TW= 7.1:1; GL:NL= 8:1; GW:NW=5.8:1; OL:OW= 1.3:1. (28= sample size)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A4AC67A335C7484347841FDA4327C" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCF194D7A335C7584347841FCAC3077" blockId="2.[264,1322,284,830]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
Members of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A335C75874B7841FCC132CF" authority="Stein, 1848" authorityName="Stein" authorityYear="1848" box="[583,858,364,390]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A335C75874B7841FD5632CC" box="[583,717,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Monocystis</emphasis>
Stein, 1848
</taxonomicName>
are characterized by having no distinct mucron, ovoid and solitary gamonts, biconical, symmetrical oocysts (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE164BC7A335C75814078B9FB7432E7" author="Levine" box="[1100,1263,404,430]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" refString="Levine N. D. (1988) The Protozoan Phylum Apicomplexa, Vol. 1. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, pp. 30 - 33." type="book" year="1988">Levine, 1988</bibRefCitation>
). In case of acephaline gegarine forms obtained from the seminal vesicles of the earthworm
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A335C75840478C9FE4B32B4" box="[264,464,484,509]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Lampito" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="mauritii">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A335C75840478C9FE4B32B4" box="[264,464,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Lampito mauritii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Nadia district of West Bengal, gamonts appear club­shaped with a gradually tapering pointed tail. Ectoplasm is thin, 2.0–4.0 µm in thickness. Epicyte is very fine and is free from surface striation. Endoplasm vacuolated with few densely granulated structures, which are randomly distributed. Number of granules is less in the narrow part in comparison to wider portion. Nucleus elongated and in most cases irregular in shape, length is twice its width and its outer surface is rough. In most cases, length of nucleus is twice its width. Nucleus located roughly at the middle or in wider portion of mature gamont. Gametocyst rounded to slightly ovoid. There are two unequal gametes in the gametocyst. The oocysts are navicular in shape.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0F49C57A335C7584047FCCFE123477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273350/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" targetBox="[264,1322,929,1734]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BCF194D7A335C7584047FCCFE123477" blockId="2.[264,1323,1761,1854]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A335C7584047FCCFE2D35B0" bold="true" box="[264,438,1761,1785]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">FIGURES 1–4.</emphasis>
Photomicrographs of different stages of life cycle
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A335C7586EA7FCFFB5635B0" box="[998,1229,1762,1785]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
of
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A335C7581087FCFFB5635B0" box="[1028,1229,1762,1785]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clubae" status="sp. nov.">Monocystis clubae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23778247A335C7581DA7FCFFAB035B0" box="[1238,1323,1762,1785]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs. 1–2. Mature gamonts; Fig. 3. Gametocyst; Fig. 4 Oocyst. Scale bars 100 µm (Figs. 1–2); 10 µm (Fig. 3).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCF194D7A325C7484347836FDA4327C" blockId="3.[264,1324,283,1870]" box="[312,575,283,309]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7484347836FDA4327C" bold="true" box="[312,575,283,309]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Taxonomic summary</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A4AC67A325C748434786EFB72329F" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCF194D7A325C748434786EFCAF3217" blockId="3.[264,1324,283,1870]" box="[312,820,323,350]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C748434786EFE753214" bold="true" box="[312,494,323,349]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<typeStatus id="54CBA7EF7A325C748434786EFEE83214" box="[312,371,323,349]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Type</typeStatus>
material:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7484FB7869FD493214" box="[503,722,324,349]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clubae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7484FB7869FD493214" box="[503,722,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Monocystis clubae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23778247A325C7487D57869FCAF3217" box="[729,820,324,350]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF194D7A325C7484347846FD1232CC" blockId="3.[264,1324,283,1870]" box="[312,649,363,389]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7484347846FE2132CC" bold="true" box="[312,442,363,389]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<typeStatus id="54CBA7EF7A325C7484347846FEEE32CC" box="[312,373,363,389]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Type</typeStatus>
host:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7484CD7841FD1232CC" box="[449,649,364,389]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Lampito" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="mauritii">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7484CD7841FD1232CC" box="[449,649,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Lampito mauritii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF194D7A325C74843478BEFB72329F" blockId="3.[264,1324,283,1870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C74843478BEFE4E32E4" bold="true" box="[312,469,403,429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Symbiotype:</emphasis>
Host LM/ 07/2005, LM/11/2005 deposited in the Museum of the Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal,
<collectingCountry id="F36759DD7A325C7481A97891FB7E329F" box="[1189,1253,444,470]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A4AC67A325C74843478CEFD4332B7" box="[312,728,483,510]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCF194D7A325C74843478CEFD4332B7" blockId="3.[264,1324,283,1870]" box="[312,728,483,510]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C74843478CEFD9E32B4" bold="true" box="[312,517,483,509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Site of infection:</emphasis>
Seminal vesicles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A4AC67A325C7484347B26FE743077" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCF194D7A325C7484347B26FC3F316F" blockId="3.[264,1324,283,1870]" box="[312,932,523,550]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7484347B26FE7A316C" bold="true" box="[312,481,523,549]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<typeStatus id="54CBA7EF7A325C7484347B26FEEE316C" box="[312,373,523,549]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
</emphasis>
Kalyani (23°E,
<geoCoordinate id="EE447F8A7A325C7487AC7B21FD64316F" box="[672,767,524,550]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" precision="5555" value="-88.5">88.5°W</geoCoordinate>
), Nadia,
<collectingCountry id="F36759DD7A325C7486647B21FC3F316F" box="[872,932,524,550]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">India</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF194D7A325C7484347B1EFD5D3107" blockId="3.[264,1324,283,1870]" box="[312,710,563,590]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7484347B1EFE503104" bold="true" box="[312,459,563,589]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Prevalance:</emphasis>
11 out of 28 (39 %).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF194D7A325C7484347B76FE7F313C" blockId="3.[264,1324,283,1870]" box="[312,484,603,629]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7484347B76FE7F313C" bold="true" box="[312,484,603,629]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<typeStatus id="54CBA7EF7A325C7484347B76FEE8313C" box="[312,371,603,629]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Type</typeStatus>
material
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF194D7A325C7484347BA9FCEE318F" blockId="3.[264,1324,283,1870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<typeStatus id="54CBA7EF7A325C7484347BA9FE3131D7" box="[312,426,644,670]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: (Accession no. ZSI/2437) are in the collection of the Museum of the Zoological Survey of
<collectingCountry id="F36759DD7A325C7487057B81FDDE318F" box="[521,581,684,710]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">India</collectingCountry>
(ZSI), Calcutta ­ 700016.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF194D7A325C7484347BF9FE743077" blockId="3.[264,1324,283,1870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<typeStatus id="54CBA7EF7A325C7484347BF9FE3531A7" box="[312,430,724,750]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: Slides MC/04/2005, MC/06/2005, NG/07/2005 are in the collection of the Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal,
<collectingCountry id="F36759DD7A325C7484A77A09FE703077" box="[427,491,804,830]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A4AC67A325C7484347A61FEA730C7" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BCF194D7A325C7484347A61FEA730C7" blockId="3.[264,1324,283,1870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7484347A61FE53302F" bold="true" box="[312,456,844,870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Etymology:</emphasis>
This species is named “
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7487E77A61FCA2302C" box="[747,825,844,869]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clubae">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7487E77A61FCA2302C" box="[747,825,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">clubae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” since the structure of the gamont is club like.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A4AC67A325C7384347AB1FB9632CF" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BCF194D7A325C7484347AB1FE2730FF" blockId="3.[264,1324,283,1870]" box="[312,444,924,950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7484347AB1FE2730FF" bold="true" box="[312,444,924,950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Discussion</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF194D7A325C7384347AE9FB9632CF" blockId="3.[264,1324,283,1870]" lastBlockId="4.[264,1323,284,390]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
Cylindroid, solitary, without mucron, late syzygy and coelomic habitat of the parasite in an earthworm justify the inclusion of the present form under the family
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7481717AC1FABD374F" box="[1149,1318,1004,1030]" class="Sporozoa" family="Monocystidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Eugregarinida" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Protozoa" rank="family">Monocystidae</taxonomicName>
, subfamily Monocystinae and genus
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7487CA7D39FC7D3767" authority="Stein, 1848" authorityName="Stein" authorityYear="1848" box="[710,998,1044,1070]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7487CA7D39FCD03764" box="[710,843,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Monocystis</emphasis>
Stein, 1848
</taxonomicName>
. Of more than 70 species belonging to the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7487157D11FC4C371F" authority="Stein, 1848 (Levine 1988)" authorityName="Stein, 1848 (Levine" authorityYear="1988" box="[537,983,1084,1110]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7487157D11FD05371C" box="[537,670,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Monocystis</emphasis>
Stein, 1848 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE164BC7A325C7486357D11FC54371F" author="Levine" box="[825,975,1084,1110]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" refString="Levine N. D. (1988) The Protozoan Phylum Apicomplexa, Vol. 1. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, pp. 30 - 33." type="book" year="1988">Levine 1988</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
only 11 have been described from
<collectingCountry id="F36759DD7A325C7484447D49FE133737" box="[328,392,1124,1150]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">India</collectingCountry>
. Of these 11 species,
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C74878E7D49FC703737" authority="Kalavati, 1979" authorityName="Kalavati" authorityYear="1979" box="[642,1003,1124,1150]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="odontotermi">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C74878E7D49FCA33734" box="[642,824,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">M. odontotermi</emphasis>
Kalavati, 1979
</taxonomicName>
has been reported from the haemocoel of the termite
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C74876E7DA1FCF037EC" box="[610,875,1164,1189]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Odontotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obesus">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C74876E7DA1FCF037EC" box="[610,875,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Odontotermes obesus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(a non oligochaete host) and
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7480077DA1FC533787" authority="Subbarao, Kalavati and Narasimhamurti, 1979" authorityName="Subbarao, Kalavati and Narasimhamurti" authorityYear="1979" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pontodrilus">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7480077DA1FE143784" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">M. pontodrilus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE164BC7A325C7484967D99FC533787" author="Subbarao" box="[410,968,1204,1230]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" refString="Subbarao, B. V. S. S. R., Kalavati, C. &amp; Narasimhamurti, C. C. (1979) A new aseptate gregarine, Monocystis pontodrill sp. n. from the littoral oligochaetes, Pontodrilus bermudensis Beddard. Acta Protozoologica, 18, 259 - 264." type="journal article" year="1979">Subbarao, Kalavati and Narasimhamurti, 1979</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from the littoral oligochaete,
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7484047DF1FDAB37BC" box="[264,560,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7484047DF1FE0937BC" box="[264,402,1244,1269]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pontodrilus">Pontodrilus</taxonomicName>
bermudensis
</emphasis>
. All other nine species of
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7486787DF1FC6237BC" box="[884,1017,1244,1269]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7486787DF1FC6237BC" box="[884,1017,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Monocystis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been reported from terrestrial earthworms, but none from the present host
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C74868E7C29FBCA3654" box="[898,1105,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C74868E7C29FBD63654" box="[898,1101,1284,1309]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Lampito" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="mauritii">Lampito mauritii</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
The species under discussion closely resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7487647C01FB86360F" authority="Kar, 1946" authorityName="Kar" authorityYear="1946" box="[616,1053,1324,1350]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megascolexae">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7487647C01FC07360C" box="[616,924,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Monocystis megascolexae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE164BC7A325C7486AA7C01FB86360F" author="Kar" box="[934,1053,1324,1350]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" refString="Kar, A. B. (1946) Observations on Monocystis megascolexae n. sp. from the seminal vesicles of the earthworm Megascolex sp. Calcutta University Journal, Department of Science (New Series), 2, 50 - 52." type="journal article" year="1946">Kar, 1946</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7481577C01FD103627" authority="Bandyopadhyay and Mitra, 2005" authorityName="Bandyopadhyay and Mitra" authorityYear="2005" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ranaghatensis">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7481577C01FAB0360C" box="[1115,1323,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">M. ranaghatensis</emphasis>
Bandyopadhyay and Mitra,
<quantity id="4C88B4A87A325C74875C7C79FD103627" box="[592,651,1364,1390]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0927" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="in" value="2005.0">2005</quantity>
</taxonomicName>
in having a tail­like protrusion at the posterior end of the body. In both
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7484B87C51FD1936DC" box="[436,642,1404,1429]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megascolexae">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7484B87C51FD1936DC" box="[436,642,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">M. megascolexae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7487CD7C51FC0A36DC" box="[705,913,1404,1429]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ranaghatensis">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7487CD7C51FC0A36DC" box="[705,913,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">M. ranaghatensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the anterior end of the gamont is rounded and the other end is pointed. In the new species, the anterior end is club­like with a tail­like protrusion at the posterior end. The anterior end of the gamont of
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7480077CE1FE353544" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ranaghatensis">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7480077CE1FE353544" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">M. ranaghatensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
contains a bulb­like structure, which is absent in the new species. Moreover, the size of the gamonts of
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7487D17F31FC36357C" box="[733,941,1564,1589]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megascolexae">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7487D17F31FC36357C" box="[733,941,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">M. megascolexae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is much larger (135.8–429.0 x 58.2–97.5) than the present species obtained from
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7486537F69FC7E3514" box="[863,997,1604,1629]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7486537F69FC7A3514" box="[863,993,1604,1629]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Lampito" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="mauritii">L. mauritii</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Endoplasm of the gamonts of
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7484257F41FE6D35CC" box="[297,502,1644,1669]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megascolexae">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7484257F41FE6D35CC" box="[297,502,1644,1669]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">M. megascolexae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is highly granular, but that of the new species is vacuolated with few black granules. The size of the gamonts, gametocysts and oocysts of
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7481357FB9FA9D35E4" box="[1081,1286,1684,1709]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ranaghatensis">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7481357FB9FA9D35E4" box="[1081,1286,1684,1709]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">M. ranaghatensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
do not vary significantly when compared with those of
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7486947F91FB88359C" box="[920,1043,1724,1749]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clubae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7486947F91FB88359C" box="[920,1043,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">M. clubae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23778247A325C74812C7F91FB19359F" box="[1056,1154,1724,1750]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, but the total morphology is totally different. Moreover, endoplasm of gamonts of
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7481337FC9FA9535B4" box="[1087,1294,1764,1789]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ranaghatensis">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7481337FC9FA9535B4" box="[1087,1294,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">M. ranaghatensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is densely granular, but that of
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7487577E21FD43346C" box="[603,728,1804,1829]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clubae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7487577E21FD43346C" box="[603,728,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">M. clubae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23778247A325C7487EC7E21FCA0346F" box="[736,827,1804,1830]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is vacuolar. Oocysts of
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7481527E21FAB0346C" box="[1118,1323,1804,1829]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megascolexae">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7481527E21FAB0346C" box="[1118,1323,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">M. megascolexae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is spindle­shaped, which is navicular in
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A325C7487E77E19FCF83404" box="[747,867,1844,1869]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clubae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A325C7487E77E19FCF83404" box="[747,867,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">M. clubae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23778247A325C7486607E19FC523407" box="[876,969,1844,1870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Based upon morphology and morphometrics, no other species belonging to the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A355C7386907831FB34327F" authority="Stein, 1848" authorityName="Stein" authorityYear="1848" box="[924,1199,284,310]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A355C7386907831FBBA327C" box="[924,1057,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Monocystis</emphasis>
Stein, 1848
</taxonomicName>
resembles the new species. After a thorough comparison, the present species is being considered as a new and is designated as
<taxonomicName id="4C7062CE7A355C73873D7841FC9732CC" box="[561,780,364,389]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Monocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clubae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B904C55F7A355C73873D7841FC9732CC" box="[561,780,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Monocystis clubae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23778247A355C7386187841FCF532CF" box="[788,878,364,390]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in this paper.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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