294 lines
38 KiB
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294 lines
38 KiB
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<mods:title id="3EE08F9B546717599573A014180193C3">Taxonomy and anatomy of Amphiboloidea (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia: Archaeopulmonata)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7A0B07B20CAA774B86F970163B9B79D0">Golding, Rosemary E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="375BEB1291D105457AB4A07FA161A9DD">Ponder, Winston F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5930877EB360B403490EEE01DF038D3D">Byrne, Maria</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="CFB66B60DB01BE04891F1819EDD9C1E0">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="E07353EC22477870C99292B77877923F" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="CEB663E807F3263F54B7C5994E916ADE">1476</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="698118BED09922C3FADA1A31CFB14D92" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.176773</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F887BA9909543F118FC4D1FBE5F9F0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6240262" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119359989" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6240262" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F887BA9909543F118FC4D1FBE5F9F0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F887BA9909543F118FC4D1FBE5F9F0" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<subSubSection id="C34B65279909543C118FC4D1FDDBFCAB" box="[151,572,751,777]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9909543C118FC4D1FDDBFCAB" blockId="9.[151,572,751,777]" box="[151,572,751,777]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<heading id="D0A681C09909543C118FC4D1FDDBFCAB" bold="true" box="[151,572,751,777]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F9909543C118FC4D1FDDBFCAB" ID-CoL="6XB85" authority="Lamarck, 1822" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1822" box="[151,572,751,777]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Salinator" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fragilis">
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<emphasis id="B925EABE9909543C118FC4D1FDDBFCAB" bold="true" box="[151,572,751,777]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B925EABE9909543C118FC4D1FE83FCAB" bold="true" box="[151,356,751,777]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Salinator fragilis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D9909543C106CC4D1FDD4FCAB" author="Lamarck" box="[372,563,751,777]" pageId="9" pageNumber="29" refString="Lamarck, J. B. (1822) Histoire Naturelle des Animaux sans Vertebres. Unknown publisher, Paris, 7 volumes." type="book chapter" year="1822">Lamarck, 1822</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34B65279909543C118FC504FB13FC73" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9909543C118FC504FDAEFCF3" blockId="9.[151,1268,826,977]" box="[151,585,826,849]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4111829909543C118FC504FDAEFCF3" box="[151,585,826,849]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F9909543C118FC504FDA2FCF3" authority="Lamarck, 1822: 179" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityPageNumber="179" authorityYear="1822" box="[151,581,826,849]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Ampullaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Melanosporales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fragilis">
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<emphasis id="B925EABE9909543C118FC504FE83FCF3" box="[151,356,826,849]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Ampullaria fragilis</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF010BD9909543C1073C504FDA2FCF3" author="Lamarck" box="[363,581,826,849]" page="179" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1822">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D9909543C1073C504FDF7FCF3" author="Lamarck" box="[363,528,826,849]" pageId="9" pageNumber="29" refString="Lamarck, J. B. (1822) Histoire Naturelle des Animaux sans Vertebres. Unknown publisher, Paris, 7 volumes." type="book chapter" year="1822">Lamarck, 1822</bibRefCitation>
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: 179
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9909543C118FC564FDDAFC33" blockId="9.[151,1268,826,977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4111829909543C118FC564FDDAFC33" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F9909543C118FC564FE93FCD3" box="[151,372,858,881]" class="Gastropoda" family="Thiaridae" genus="Ampullacera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fragilis">
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<emphasis id="B925EABE9909543C118FC564FE93FCD3" box="[151,372,858,881]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Ampullacera fragilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF010BD9909543C109AC564FD56FCD3" author="Quoy" box="[386,689,858,881]" page="201" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1832">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D9909543C109AC564FD9AFCD3" author="Quoy" box="[386,637,858,881]" pageId="9" pageNumber="29" refString="Quoy, J. R. C. & Gaimard, J. P. (1832) Voyages de decouvertes de l`Astrolabe pendant les annees 1826 - 1829 sous le commandement de M. J. Dumont d`Urville, Zoologie Vol. 2. J. Tastu, Paris, 686 pp." type="book chapter" year="1832">Quoy & Gaimard 1832</bibRefCitation>
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: 201
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. XV, figs. 10–16.
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F9909543C118FC544FE96FC33" box="[151,369,890,913]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Ampullarina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fragilis">
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<emphasis id="B925EABE9909543C118FC544FE96FC33" box="[151,369,890,913]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Ampullarina fragilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF010BD9909543C1067C544FDDFFC33" author="Angas" box="[383,568,890,913]" page="232" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1867">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D9909543C1067C544FDE4FC33" author="Angas" box="[383,515,890,913]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" refString="Angas, G. F. (1867) A list of species of marine Mollusca found in Port Jackson harbour, New South Wales. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1867, 185 - 233." type="proceedings paper" year="1867">Angas 1867</bibRefCitation>
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: 232
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9909543C118FC5A4FD43FC13" blockId="9.[151,1268,826,977]" box="[151,676,922,945]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4111829909543C118FC5A4FD43FC13" box="[151,676,922,945]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F9909543C118FC5A4FEB8FC13" box="[151,351,922,945]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Amphibola" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fragilis">
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<emphasis id="B925EABE9909543C118FC5A4FEB8FC13" box="[151,351,922,945]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Amphibola fragilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF010BD9909543C1075C5A4FDC6FC13" author="Schacko" box="[365,545,922,945]" page="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1878">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D9909543C1075C5A4FDE0FC13" author="Schacko" box="[365,519,922,945]" pageId="9" pageNumber="29" refString="Schacko, G. (1878) Die Zungenbewaffnung der Gattung Amphibola. Jahrbuch der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft, 5, 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1878">Schacko 1878</bibRefCitation>
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: 4
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. I, fig. 2.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9909543C118FC584FB13FC73" blockId="9.[151,1268,826,977]" box="[151,1268,954,977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4111829909543C118FC584FB13FC73" box="[151,1268,954,977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F9909543C118FC584FEA9FC73" ID-CoL="6XB85" box="[151,334,954,977]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Salinator" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fragilis">
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<emphasis id="B925EABE9909543C118FC584FEA9FC73" box="[151,334,954,977]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Salinator fragilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF010BD9909543C1044C584FDFAFC73" author="Hedley" box="[348,541,954,977]" page="511" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1900">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D9909543C1044C584FE0FFC73" author="Hedley" box="[348,488,954,977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" refString="Hedley, C. (1900) Studies on Australian Mollusca part II. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 25, 495 - 513." type="journal article" year="1900">Hedley 1900</bibRefCitation>
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: 511
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF010BD9909543C1330C584FCF6FC73" author="Hubendick" box="[552,785,954,977]" page="107" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1945">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D9909543C1330C584FD3BFC73" author="Hubendick" box="[552,732,954,977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" refString="Hubendick, B. (1945) On the family Amphibolidae. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London, 26, 103 - 110." type="journal article" year="1945">Hubendick 1945</bibRefCitation>
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: 107
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 5;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D9909543C127AC584FC08FC73" author="Smythe" box="[866,1007,954,977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="29" refString="Smythe, K. R. (1975) On the occurrence of Salinator fragilis (Lamarck) in the Arabian Gulf. Journal of Conchology, 28, 335 - 338." type="journal article" year="1975">Smythe 1975</bibRefCitation>
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(in part): 336, figs. 1–4.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34B65279909543F118FC23CFEBBFC70" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9909543C118FC23CFBE6FBE6" blockId="9.[151,1437,1026,2012]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B925EABE9909543C118FC23CFEB6FBBE" bold="true" box="[151,337,1026,1052]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<typeStatus id="54EA880E9909543C118FC23CFF33FBBE" box="[151,212,1026,1052]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Type</typeStatus>
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material:
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</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54EA880E9909543C1044C23CFE36FBBE" box="[348,465,1026,1052]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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(
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<figureCitation id="136A2A299909543C10FBC23CFDCBFBBE" box="[483,556,1026,1052]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="31.[151,255,1555,1579]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,167,1526]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,167,1528]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 2. Shell morphology of species in Amphibolidae, Phallomedusidae fam. nov. and Maningrididae fam. nov .. A. Amphibola crenata (Martyn, 1786), (AMS C. 446522). B – D. Salinator fragilis (Lamarck, 1822), B. Lectotype (MHN 1094 / 1), C. Albany, Western Australia (AMS C. 446486), D. Cambridge, Tasmania (AMS C. 442291). E. Salinator tecta sp. nov .. Holotype, Narrabeen Lakes, Sydney (AMS C. 446774). F. Salinator rhamphidia sp. nov .. Holotype, Botany Bay, Sydney (AMS C. 446516). G. Salinator rosacea sp. nov .. Holotype, Elizabeth River, Darwin (AMS C. 446519). H, I. Phallomedusa solida (Martens, 1878), H. Holotype (ZMB 22207), I. Lake Illawarra, New South Wales (AMS C. 442239). J. Phallomedusa austrina sp. nov .. Holotype, Stanley, Tasmania (AMS C. 446510). K. Lactiforis tropicalis sp. nov .. Holotype, Broome, Western Australia (AMS C. 446775). L. Lactiforis takii (Kuroda, 1928). Ariake Sea, Japan (AMS C. 446490). M. Naranjia cf. swatowensis (Yen, 1939). Tsim Bei Tsui, Hong Kong (AMS C. 446511). N. Maningrida arnhemensis sp. nov .. Holotype, Maningrida, Northern Territory (AMS C. 446485). Scale bar = 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176775/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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B) (photographs examined only) from
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<collectingCountry id="F346763C9909543C12E6C23CFB8AFBBE" box="[1022,1133,1026,1052]" name="Australia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Australia</collectingCountry>
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, Western
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<collectingCountry id="F346763C9909543C15FCC23CFAB3FBBE" box="[1252,1364,1026,1052]" name="Australia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Australia</collectingCountry>
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: King George Sound (exact location unknown), pre 1822, Péron, (MHN 1094/1).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9909543C11DEC26CFD73FA76" blockId="9.[151,1437,1026,2012]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B925EABE9909543C11DEC26CFDE3FBCE" bold="true" box="[198,516,1106,1132]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Other material examined</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F346763C9909543C130DC26CFD63FBCE" box="[533,644,1106,1132]" name="Australia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, Western
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F346763C9909543C13E0C26CFC8FFBCE" box="[760,872,1106,1132]" name="Australia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
: Mandurah, Peel Inlet, on mud under saltmarsh vegetation,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFEF106C9909543C103AC244FE53FB36" box="[290,436,1146,1172]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2004-07-17">17 Jul 2004</date>
|
|||
|
|
, R.E. Golding and J. Studdert (AMS C.446487); Bunbury, Mangrove Cove,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFEF106C9909543C144AC244FF32FB1E" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2004-07-17">17 Jul 2004</date>
|
|||
|
|
, R.E. Golding and J. Studdert (AMS C.446488); King George Sound, Oyster Harbour, in tidal pools and saltmarsh vegetation,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFEF106C9909543C108FC2F4FDC3FB46" box="[407,548,1226,1252]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2004-07-19">19 Jul 2004</date>
|
|||
|
|
, R.E. Golding and J. Studdert (AMS C.446489); King George Sound, King River,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFEF106C9909543C11F1C2CCFE9AFAAE" box="[233,381,1266,1292]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2004-07-19">19 Jul 2004</date>
|
|||
|
|
, R.E. Golding and J. Studdert (AMS C.446486).
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F346763C9909543C12C4C2CCFBACFAAE" box="[988,1099,1266,1292]" name="Australia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, South
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F346763C9909543C15B2C2CCFAFDFAAE" box="[1194,1306,1266,1292]" name="Australia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
: Kangaroo Island, Pelican Lagoon, seine netted on very sheltered muddy grass flat,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFEF106C9909543C1531C324FB27FA96" box="[1065,1216,1306,1332]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1978-03-08">8 Mar 1978</date>
|
|||
|
|
, D. Hoese (AMS C.401112).
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F346763C9909543C1038C37CFE69FAFE" box="[288,398,1346,1372]" name="Australia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, Victoria: Port Phillip, Swan Bay, on upper part of sandy muddy flats,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFEF106C9909543C15DEC37CFABDFAFE" box="[1222,1370,1346,1372]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1973-09-18">18 Sep 1973</date>
|
|||
|
|
, W.F. Ponder and R. Burn (AMS C.401519).
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F346763C9909543C1398C354FD09FA26" box="[640,750,1386,1412]" name="Australia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, Tasmania: Sandford, Ralph’s Bay, on
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F9909543C15CBC355FACBFA26" box="[1235,1324,1387,1412]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zosteraceae" genus="Zostera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B925EABE9909543C15CBC355FACBFA26" box="[1235,1324,1387,1412]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Zostera</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
flats,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFEF106C9909543C1467C354FEC0FA0E" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1970-03-29">29 March 1970</date>
|
|||
|
|
, W.F. Ponder (AMS C.401095); Barilla Bay, Cambridge, on wide tidal sandflat,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFEF106C9909543C15CAC3ACFABAFA0E" box="[1234,1373,1426,1452]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2004-07-10">10 Jul 2004</date>
|
|||
|
|
, R.E. Golding and F. Mazzone (AMS C.442291).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9909543C11DEC3DCFDA1F9D6" blockId="9.[151,1437,1026,2012]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B925EABE9909543C11DEC3DCFE93FA5E" bold="true" box="[198,372,1506,1532]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Redescription</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
: Shell (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="136A2A299909543C10D7C3DCFDC7FA5E" box="[463,544,1506,1532]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="31.[151,255,1555,1579]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,167,1526]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,167,1528]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 2. Shell morphology of species in Amphibolidae, Phallomedusidae fam. nov. and Maningrididae fam. nov .. A. Amphibola crenata (Martyn, 1786), (AMS C. 446522). B – D. Salinator fragilis (Lamarck, 1822), B. Lectotype (MHN 1094 / 1), C. Albany, Western Australia (AMS C. 446486), D. Cambridge, Tasmania (AMS C. 442291). E. Salinator tecta sp. nov .. Holotype, Narrabeen Lakes, Sydney (AMS C. 446774). F. Salinator rhamphidia sp. nov .. Holotype, Botany Bay, Sydney (AMS C. 446516). G. Salinator rosacea sp. nov .. Holotype, Elizabeth River, Darwin (AMS C. 446519). H, I. Phallomedusa solida (Martens, 1878), H. Holotype (ZMB 22207), I. Lake Illawarra, New South Wales (AMS C. 442239). J. Phallomedusa austrina sp. nov .. Holotype, Stanley, Tasmania (AMS C. 446510). K. Lactiforis tropicalis sp. nov .. Holotype, Broome, Western Australia (AMS C. 446775). L. Lactiforis takii (Kuroda, 1928). Ariake Sea, Japan (AMS C. 446490). M. Naranjia cf. swatowensis (Yen, 1939). Tsim Bei Tsui, Hong Kong (AMS C. 446511). N. Maningrida arnhemensis sp. nov .. Holotype, Maningrida, Northern Territory (AMS C. 446485). Scale bar = 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176775/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
B–D): Opaque, spire moderately tall, diameter to
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CA99B499909543C1579C3DCFB51FA5E" box="[1121,1206,1506,1532]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, Last whorl lacking obvious shoulder, spire moderately tall. Axial growth striae obvious in some specimens, exterior of shell slightly rough, or with dull appearance. Light brown to grey, sometimes light purple; patterning, if present, one to five thin, spiral, brown bands.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9909543C11DEC0BCFCDDF966" blockId="9.[151,1437,1026,2012]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
|||
|
|
Operculum (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="136A2A299909543C1046C0BCFE4FF93E" box="[350,424,1666,1692]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="32.[151,255,1167,1191]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,194,1143]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,194,1143]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 3. Internal surfaces of opercula. A. Amphibola crenata (Martyn, 1786). B. Salinator fragilis (Lamarck, 1822). C. Lactiforis tropicalis sp. nov .. D. Phallomedusa solida (Martens, 1878). E. Maningrida arnhemensis sp. nov .. Scale bar = 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176776/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
B): Entirely corneous, pale yellow, elliptical with eccentric nucleus and paucispiral striae. Nucleus on inner surface lacking raised patterning.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9909543C11DEC0ECFDE9F89E" blockId="9.[151,1437,1026,2012]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">External morphology: Anterior foot grey in fresh and formalin-preserved specimens, protruding well beyond shell when animal crawling. Head grey, black pigment in diffuse stripe on centre of snout. Mantle entirely black on dorsal surface.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9909543C11DEC174FF0DF87E" blockId="9.[151,1437,1026,2012]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
|||
|
|
Mantle organs (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="136A2A299909543C1066C174FE22F8C6" box="[382,453,1866,1892]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="36.[151,255,1775,1799]" captionTargetBox="[221,1371,204,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1436,194,1751]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 7. Morphology of organs in the mantle cavity. A. Amphibola crenata (Martyn, 1786). B. Salinator fragilis (Lamarck, 1822). C. Lactiforis tropicalis sp. nov .. D. Naranjia cf. swatowensis (Yen, 1939). E. Phallomedusa solida (Martens, 1878). F. Maningrida arnhemensis sp. nov .. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176780/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
B): Roof of mantle cavity with few blood vessels; opposed ciliary tracts raised, running on right side of mantle cavity for full length. Hypobranchial gland on anterior right mantle roof small, circular to oval, yellow in fresh and formalin-preserved specimens, flat, outer surface smooth or slightly folded.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC990A543F11DEC6A6FC57FF10" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1618]" box="[198,944,152,178]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
|||
|
|
Digestive system: As for
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F990A543F10E8C6A6FD8EFF13" box="[496,617,152,177]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Amphibola" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crenata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B925EABE990A543F10E8C6A6FD8EFF13" box="[496,617,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">A. crenata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, but proportionally smaller.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC990A543F11DEC6FEFDFCFE00" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1618]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
|||
|
|
Radula (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="136A2A29990A543F1031C6FEFE9DFF78" box="[297,378,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="38.[151,255,1866,1890]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,194,1842]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 9. SEM photographs of radulae of Salinator Hedley, 1900 species, showing half-radula and detail of central and lateral teeth. A, B. Salinator fragilis (Lamarck, 1822). C, D. Salinator tecta sp. nov .. E, F. Salinator rhamphidia sp. nov .. G, H. Salinator rosacea sp. nov .. A, C, E, G. Scale bar = 50 µm, B, D, F, H. Scale bar = 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176782/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 9</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
A, B): Each row with central tooth, pair of inner lateral and outer lateral teeth and, on each side, approximately 25 marginal teeth. Central tooth with 13 narrow cusps with rounded tips, mesocone enlarged and elongate, adjacent cusps reduced, other cusps decreasing in length towards outer edge of tooth. Inner lateral tooth narrow, with two small cusps. Outer lateral tooth wide, with three broad cusps decreasing in length towards outer edge of tooth. Marginal teeth very long, unicuspid, narrow, slightly curved, approximately 25 on each side of radula.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC990A543F11DEC78EFD58FDC8" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1618]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
|||
|
|
Central nervous system (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="136A2A29990A543F10EDC78EFDB7FE68" box="[501,592,432,458]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="41.[151,255,1235,1259]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,186,1196]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[151,1436,160,1211]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURE 12. Central nervous systems. A. Amphibola crenata (Martyn, 1786). B. Salinator fragilis (Lamarck, 1822). C. Lactiforis tropicalis sp. nov .. D. Lactiforis takii (Kuroda, 1928). E. Naranjia cf. swatowensis (Yen, 1939). F. Phallomedusa solida (Martens, 1878). G. Maningrida arnhemensis sp. nov .. Scale bar = 500 µm. Subcerebral and parapedal commissures are indicated on the figures for A. crenata, S. fragilis and P. s o l i d a, but not on the figures for other species as the presence of these structures is unconfirmed." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176785/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
B): Pleural and cerebral ganglia fused, large, joined by thick cerebral commissure and narrow subcerebral commissure; pedal ganglia smaller than cerebral-pleural ganglia, joined by short pedal connective and equally short parapedal commissure. Connective between cerebral-pleural and parietal connectives relatively thick, right longer than left. Visceral loop moderately long; visceral ganglion large, closer to right than left parietal ganglion.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC990A543F11DEC446FEBBFC70" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1618]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
|||
|
|
Reproductive system (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="136A2A29990A543F10C8C446FDCFFD30" box="[464,552,632,658]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="43.[151,244,1771,1792]" captionTargetBox="[207,1347,155,1756]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[190,1395,133,1763]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 14. Distal reproductive structures of Amphibolidae. Structures orientated with proximal region at top of figure and distal region including genital aperture at base of figure. In all figures the dorsal part of the spermovipositor sheath has been removed, showing the spermovipositor, and in Figs. 13 A – C, E and H the distal portion of the prostatic gland is not shown. A. Salinator fragilis (Lamarck, 1822). B. Salinator tecta sp. nov .. C. Salinator rhamphidia sp. nov .. D. Salinator rosacea sp. nov .. E. Naranjia cf. swatowensis (Yen, 1939). F. Lactiforis tropicalis sp. nov .. G. Lactiforis takii (Kuroda, 1928). H. Amphibola crenata (Martyn, 1786). A, B, C. Scale bar = 1 mm, D, E, F, G, H. Scale bar = 500 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176787/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
A): Ovotestis, oviductal and albumen glands as for
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F990A543F1597C446FAEDFD33" box="[1167,1290,632,657]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Amphibola" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crenata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B925EABE990A543F1597C446FAEDFD33" box="[1167,1290,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">A. crenata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Upper hermaphrodite duct straight, with seminal vesicle a large diverticulum. Seminal receptacle small, elliptical, pigmented; containing sperm orientated towards walls of structure; opening via a short duct to carrefour. Spermoviduct running straight through right body wall distally, leading to hairpin fold in cephalic region before junction with proximal end of spermovipositor. Prostatic gland long, thin, blind-ending tube lined for entire length with large secretory cells. Spermovipositor large, short, aperture bearing large, circular, flared plate, edges curled; large, hook-shaped extension on left. Microsculpture small, conical projections on edges of terminal aperture. Spermovipositor sheath relatively thick, highly folded, with single pocket at right base of spermovipositor.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C34B6527990A543F11DEC5E1FB40FBE8" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="distribution">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC990A543F11DEC5E1FB40FBE8" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1618]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B925EABE990A543F11DEC5E1FE1FFC5B" bold="true" box="[198,504,991,1017]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="136A2A29990A543F1310C5DEFDABFC58" box="[520,588,992,1018]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="30.[151,255,1168,1192]" captionTargetBox="[163,1431,197,1156]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[163,1448,197,1158]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 1. Distributions of amphiboloidean species determined from the present study and previous reports. Species in bold are examined in this paper." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176774/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
): Southern
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F346763C990A543F13C3C5DEFCA1FC58" box="[731,838,992,1018]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
from Perth, Western
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F346763C990A543F155AC5DEFB4AFC58" box="[1090,1197,992,1018]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
to Port Phillip, Victoria and also known from southern Tasmania. Found on sandy mudflats and estuarine saltmarsh, often buried in sandy mud at high tide or in permanent pools and sometimes present at high densities.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C34B6527990A543F11DEC269FC2DFA98" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC990A543F11DEC269FC2DFA98" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1618]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B925EABE990A543F11DEC269FEA5FBD3" bold="true" box="[198,322,1111,1137]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Lamarck’s (1822) description of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F990A543F13C7C266FC22FBD3" box="[735,965,1112,1137]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Ampullaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Melanosporales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B925EABE990A543F13C7C266FC22FBD3" box="[735,965,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ampullaria fragilis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
was based upon material collected by Péron, but no location was given. A later account by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D990A543F1212C2BEFBC9FB38" author="Quoy" box="[778,1070,1152,1178]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" refString="Quoy, J. R. C. & Gaimard, J. P. (1832) Voyages de decouvertes de l`Astrolabe pendant les annees 1826 - 1829 sous le commandement de M. J. Dumont d`Urville, Zoologie Vol. 2. J. Tastu, Paris, 686 pp." type="book chapter" year="1832">Quoy & Gaimard (1832)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
gives the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54EA880E990A543F15BFC2BEFB3EFB38" box="[1191,1241,1152,1178]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
locality as King George Sound, West
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F346763C990A543F10B9C296FDF7FB60" box="[417,528,1192,1218]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
. Two shells from Lamarck’s collection are held in the Musée d’Histoire Naturelle, Geneva (1094/1, 2).
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D990A543F1311C2EEFD5DFB48" author="Smythe" box="[521,698,1232,1258]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" refString="Smythe, K. R. (1975) On the occurrence of Salinator fragilis (Lamarck) in the Arabian Gulf. Journal of Conchology, 28, 335 - 338." type="journal article" year="1975">Smythe (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
selected one of these as a
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54EA880E990A543F12EFC2EEFB85FB48" box="[1015,1122,1232,1258]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="136A2A29990A543F156CC2EEFB5BFB48" box="[1140,1212,1232,1258]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="31.[151,255,1555,1579]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,167,1526]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,167,1528]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 2. Shell morphology of species in Amphibolidae, Phallomedusidae fam. nov. and Maningrididae fam. nov .. A. Amphibola crenata (Martyn, 1786), (AMS C. 446522). B – D. Salinator fragilis (Lamarck, 1822), B. Lectotype (MHN 1094 / 1), C. Albany, Western Australia (AMS C. 446486), D. Cambridge, Tasmania (AMS C. 442291). E. Salinator tecta sp. nov .. Holotype, Narrabeen Lakes, Sydney (AMS C. 446774). F. Salinator rhamphidia sp. nov .. Holotype, Botany Bay, Sydney (AMS C. 446516). G. Salinator rosacea sp. nov .. Holotype, Elizabeth River, Darwin (AMS C. 446519). H, I. Phallomedusa solida (Martens, 1878), H. Holotype (ZMB 22207), I. Lake Illawarra, New South Wales (AMS C. 442239). J. Phallomedusa austrina sp. nov .. Holotype, Stanley, Tasmania (AMS C. 446510). K. Lactiforis tropicalis sp. nov .. Holotype, Broome, Western Australia (AMS C. 446775). L. Lactiforis takii (Kuroda, 1928). Ariake Sea, Japan (AMS C. 446490). M. Naranjia cf. swatowensis (Yen, 1939). Tsim Bei Tsui, Hong Kong (AMS C. 446511). N. Maningrida arnhemensis sp. nov .. Holotype, Maningrida, Northern Territory (AMS C. 446485). Scale bar = 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176775/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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B). Quoy & Gaimard’s (1832) figures of
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F990A543F10B6C2C6FDC4FAB3" box="[430,547,1272,1297]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Ampullaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Melanosporales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fragilis">
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<emphasis id="B925EABE990A543F10B6C2C6FDC4FAB3" box="[430,547,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">S. fragilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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agree with our description, except that the pattern of pigmentation on the head (circles around the tentacles) does not agree with our specimens.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34B6527990A543F11DEC376FBE5F9F0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36AC990A543F11DEC376FBE5F9F0" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1618]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F990A543F11DEC376FE68FAC3" box="[198,399,1352,1377]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Salinator" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fragilis">
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<emphasis id="B925EABE990A543F11DEC376FE68FAC3" box="[198,399,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Salinator fragilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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has previously been recorded as having a wide Indo-Pacific distribution from the
|
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<collectingCountry id="F346763C990A543F1454C376FEA6FA28" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">United Arab Emirates</collectingCountry>
|
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D990A543F1049C34EFE17FA28" author="Smythe" box="[337,496,1392,1418]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" refString="Smythe, K. R. (1975) On the occurrence of Salinator fragilis (Lamarck) in the Arabian Gulf. Journal of Conchology, 28, 335 - 338." type="journal article" year="1975">Smythe 1975</bibRefCitation>
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) to southern
|
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<collectingCountry id="F346763C990A543F1393C34EFD1DFA28" box="[651,762,1392,1418]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
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. However, this study demonstrates that the distribution is restricted to the southern coast of
|
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<collectingCountry id="F346763C990A543F133FC3A6FD75FA10" box="[551,658,1432,1458]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
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|
|
and Tasmania. Previous descriptions of
|
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|
<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F990A543F1577C3A6FB05FA13" box="[1135,1250,1432,1457]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Salinator" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
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|
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<emphasis id="B925EABE990A543F1577C3A6FB05FA13" box="[1135,1250,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">S. fragilis</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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|
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based on material from beyond this limited distribution therefore refer to other taxa. The only available material from
|
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<collectingCountry id="F346763C990A543F144CC3FEFA7BFA78" box="[1364,1436,1472,1498]" name="Oman" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Oman</collectingCountry>
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was examined, but was not reproductively mature and is not described herein. However, sufficient details were evident to indicate that these specimens were specifically distinct from
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F990A543F1537C02EFB44F98B" box="[1071,1187,1552,1577]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Salinator" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
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|
|
<emphasis id="B925EABE990A543F1537C02EFB44F98B" box="[1071,1187,1552,1577]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">S. fragilis</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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|
|
based on their small size (shell diameter to
|
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|
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<quantity id="4CA99B49990A543F10B8C006FE0FF9F0" box="[416,488,1592,1618]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
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), and represent an apparently unnamed taxon.
|
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|
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</paragraph>
|
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|
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</subSubSection>
|
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|
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</treatment>
|
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</document>
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