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<document id="BED6EC185239BAAF7D6FF1BAA07197A5" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.184984" ID-GBIF-Dataset="646cfc6f-1d9a-48af-9994-51efa351d71b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="184984" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460049662059" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dorchin, Netta &amp; Freidberg, Amnon" docDate="2008" docId="03FF87F2E278BF56FF586DAA7902F8D4" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01937p022.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1937" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Baldratia salicorniae Kieffer 1897" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="FFC6FF8AE27BBF51FFCF6C7D7872FF96" masterDocTitle="The Chenopodiaceae-feeding gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of the Na’aman salt marsh, Israel" masterLastPageNumber="22" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1698234487612" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="F00EFB27C602CC249B431288FB4576F2">The Chenopodiaceae-feeding gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of the Na’aman salt marsh, Israel</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C46D107A02D7F50643099FE99CCAD672">Dorchin, Netta</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="27C16233BB30B7F524524E572529B0A8">Freidberg, Amnon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="6F9FF5AA162F1C58359E2043525E719A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="50C0BA1ADE54BE5488EB04F7D112E0B1">2008</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="8EC104D05338058BCA036FDA995FE6DD" type="volume">
<mods:number id="08D1782542E6D65F8BC442644D1A446E">1937</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="1CAD822ACE4117A5BAF1F23133500C27">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="E4D69A59BD5E3A55FA236739380F719F" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.184984</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="618ADED3F0777A3E0536799724DABD61" type="GBIF-Dataset">646cfc6f-1d9a-48af-9994-51efa351d71b</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0615259DD671D5AA874F7F9B42CD2B61" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FF87F2E278BF56FF586DAA7902F8D4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6231588" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119382822" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6231588" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FF87F2E278BF56FF586DAA7902F8D4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FF87F2E278BF56FF586DAA7902F8D4" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<subSubSection id="C34C656FE278BF52FF586DAA7A4FFE67" box="[151,573,471,497]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE936E4E278BF52FF586DAA7A4FFE67" blockId="3.[151,573,471,497]" box="[151,573,471,497]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<heading id="D0A18188E278BF52FF586DAA7A4FFE67" bold="true" box="[151,573,471,497]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E278BF52FF586DAA7A4FFE67" ID-CoL="KGS6" authority="Kieffer, 1897" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1897" box="[151,573,471,497]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicorniae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E278BF52FF586DAA7A4FFE67" bold="true" box="[151,573,471,497]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E278BF52FF586DAA79E4FE67" bold="true" box="[151,406,471,497]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Baldratia salicorniae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B15E278BF52FE526DAA7A4FFE67" author="Kieffer" box="[413,573,471,497]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1897) Meine antwort an den Herrn Zeichenlehrer Rubsaamen und an den Herrn Dozenten Dr. F. Karsch nebst Beschreibung neuer Gallmucken. Trier. 21 pp." type="book" year="1897">Kieffer, 1897</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34C656FE278BF52FF586E5F7D13F904" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE936E4E278BF52FF586E5F7A59FDAF" blockId="3.[151,862,546,601]" box="[151,555,546,569]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4611CAE278BF52FF586E5F7A59FDAF" box="[151,555,546,569]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E278BF52FF586E5F7A59FDAF" ID-CoL="KGS6" authority="Kieffer, 1897: 7" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityPageNumber="7" authorityYear="1897" box="[151,555,546,569]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicorniae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E278BF52FF586E5F790EFDAF" box="[151,380,546,569]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Baldratia salicorniae</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AF710F5E278BF52FE4D6E5F7A59FDAF" author="Kieffer" box="[386,555,546,569]" page="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" year="1897">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B15E278BF52FE4D6E5F7A66FDAF" author="Kieffer" box="[386,532,546,569]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1897) Meine antwort an den Herrn Zeichenlehrer Rubsaamen und an den Herrn Dozenten Dr. F. Karsch nebst Beschreibung neuer Gallmucken. Trier. 21 pp." type="book" year="1897">Kieffer, 1897</bibRefCitation>
: 7
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE936E4E278BF52FF586E3F7B2CFDCF" blockId="3.[151,862,546,601]" box="[151,862,578,601]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4611CAE278BF52FF586E3F7B2CFDCF" box="[151,862,578,601]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E278BF52FF586E3F7A7EFDCF" ID-CoL="KGRQ" authority="Kieffer 1912: 74" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityPageNumber="74" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,524,578,601]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hyalina">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E278BF52FF586E3F7926FDCF" box="[151,340,578,601]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Baldratia hyalina</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AF710F5E278BF52FE956E3F7A7EFDCF" author="Kieffer" box="[346,524,578,601]" page="74" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" year="1912">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B15E278BF52FE956E3F7995FDCF" author="Kieffer" box="[346,487,578,601]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1912) pp. 66 - 67, 69 - 72, 74 - 79, 107 - 108, 126 - 128, In: Houard, C. Les zoocecidies du nord de l'Afrique. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France. 81, 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1912">Kieffer 1912</bibRefCitation>
: 74
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
– junior synonym,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B15E278BF52FD146E3F7B28FDCF" author="Mohn" box="[731,858,578,601]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Mohn, E. (1969) Cecidomyiidae = (Itonididae). Vol. 2 (2), part 6, Lieferung 277, pp. 161 - 200. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region. Schweizerbart'sche Verlag, Stuttgart." type="book chapter" year="1969">Möhn 1969</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE936E4E278BF52FF586EF779F1FBCA" blockId="3.[151,1437,650,2002]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<typeStatus id="54ED8846E278BF52FF586EF7797EFD32" box="[151,268,650,676]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E278BF52FEF86EF77A47FD35" ID-CoL="KGS6" box="[311,565,650,675]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicorniae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E278BF52FEF86EF77A47FD35" box="[311,565,650,675]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Baldratia salicorniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
designated here – Ψ,
<collectingCountry id="F3417674E278BF52FCF36EF77B00FD32" box="[828,882,650,676]" name="Italy" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Italy</collectingCountry>
(unspecified locality and date), ex.
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E278BF52FAED6EF7788DFD5D" ID-CoL="6XB68" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Salicornia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fruticosa">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E278BF52FAED6EF7788DFD5D" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Salicornia fruticosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stem gall. The
<typeStatus id="54ED8846E278BF52FE7C6ECF7A6CFD5A" box="[435,542,690,716]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
is designated from one of the surviving
<typeStatus id="54ED8846E278BF52FC3A6ECF7C29FD5A" box="[1013,1115,690,716]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
of this species deposited in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC,
<collectingCountry id="F3417674E278BF52FB466EA77CB6FD62" box="[1161,1220,730,756]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">USA</collectingCountry>
(USNM) and has been labeled accordingly. The
<typeStatus id="54ED8846E278BF52FDCE6F7F7A1EFC8A" box="[513,620,770,796]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
designation is done in order to clarify the application of the name
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E278BF52FA4C6F7F7904FCD2" ID-CoL="KGS6" authority="Kieffer" authorityName="Kieffer" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicorniae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E278BF52FA4C6F7F7969FCD5" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">B. salicorniae</emphasis>
Kieffer
</taxonomicName>
and the concept of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E278BF52FD1A6F577BD2FCD2" ID-CoL="37KY" authority="Kieffer" authorityName="Kieffer" box="[725,928,810,836]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E278BF52FD1A6F577B37FCD5" box="[725,837,810,835]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Baldratia</emphasis>
Kieffer
</taxonomicName>
as a whole, since
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E278BF52FBB86F577D69FCD5" box="[1143,1307,810,835]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="slaicorniae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E278BF52FBB86F577D69FCD5" box="[1143,1307,810,835]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">B. slaicorniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the
<typeStatus id="54ED8846E278BF52FAA66F577DEEFCD2" box="[1385,1436,810,836]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">type</typeStatus>
species. Other
<typeStatus id="54ED8846E278BF52FE836F2F790DFCFA" box="[332,383,850,876]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">type</typeStatus>
material of
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E278BF52FDD66F2F7AB0FCFD" ID-CoL="KGS6" box="[537,706,850,875]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicorniae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E278BF52FDD66F2F7AB0FCFD" box="[537,706,850,875]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">B. salicorniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is considered lost together with the great majority of
<typeStatus id="54ED8846E278BF52FA916F2F7DEEFCFA" box="[1374,1436,850,876]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">types</typeStatus>
described by Kieffer. Efforts that have been made to locate these
<typeStatus id="54ED8846E278BF52FC646F077B9BFC02" box="[939,1001,890,916]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">types</typeStatus>
are described in
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B15E278BF52FB766F077D13FC02" author="Gagne" box="[1209,1377,890,916]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Gagne, R. J. (1994) The Gall Midges of the Neotropical Region. University Press. Ithaca, New York. 352 pp." type="book" year="1994">Gagné (1994)</bibRefCitation>
. The
<typeStatus id="54ED8846E278BF52FF586FDF788CFC2A" box="[151,254,930,956]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
were sent to Kieffer from
<collectingCountry id="F3417674E278BF52FD8B6FDF7A08FC2A" box="[580,634,930,956]" name="Italy" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Italy</collectingCountry>
by Prof. Baldrati, who found the galls and reared the gall midges. Kieffer subsequently gave some of the specimens (permanently mounted on microscopic slides) to E.P. Felt; hence they survived the fate of most of his collection. The following description ensures recognition of the designated specimen, and characters differentiating the species from other congeners are detailed below under the remarks section.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE936E4E278BF52FF0968177995FA52" blockId="3.[151,1437,650,2002]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Adult. –
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E278BF52FEFD68167900FB12" box="[306,370,1131,1156]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="136D2A61E278BF52FE4B681779AEFB12" box="[388,476,1130,1156]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 18" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox="[254,1372,351,1291]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,339,1332]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 18. Baldratia salicorniae. 11. Head. 12. Female apical flagellomeres. 13. Acropod. 14. Female abdomen, lateral. 15. Ovipositor. Not all setae on aculeus shown 16. Male terminalia, dorsal. Setae on parameres are shown as would be seen if the cerci were removed 17. Gonostylus, ventral. 18. Gonostylus dorsal. Scale bars = 0.1 mm (scale bar for Fig. 13 = 0.05 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184987/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
): Eye facets circular, less ordered and farther apart on vertex than laterally, gap between eyes on vertex 0–2 times as wide as facet. Mouthparts: Palpus 1-segmented, 1.5–2.0 times as long as wide, rounded or tapered, with several long setae. Antenna (
<figureCitation id="136D2A61E278BF52FCA668C77B88FB42" box="[873,1018,1210,1236]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 18" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox="[254,1372,351,1291]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,339,1332]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 18. Baldratia salicorniae. 11. Head. 12. Female apical flagellomeres. 13. Acropod. 14. Female abdomen, lateral. 15. Ovipositor. Not all setae on aculeus shown 16. Male terminalia, dorsal. Setae on parameres are shown as would be seen if the cerci were removed 17. Gonostylus, ventral. 18. Gonostylus dorsal. Scale bars = 0.1 mm (scale bar for Fig. 13 = 0.05 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184987/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 11–12</figureCitation>
): similar in both sexes; scape wide conical to pyriform, pedicel globular, flagellomeres 9–11 barrel-shaped, about 1.3 times as long as wide, each with two whorls of connected circumfila and two whorls of setae; setae in proximal whorl thin and straight or evenly curved, setae in distal whorl thicker, strongly curved, originating from much larger sockets, often arranged in a group rather than a row. Adjacent flagellomeres sometimes partially fused. Two apical flagellomeres in male and
<quantity id="4CAE9B01E278BF52FE1B69FF7A52FA0A" box="[468,544,1410,1436]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" metricValueMax="7.62" metricValueMin="5.08" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="in" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 in</quantity>
female almost always fused. Number of flagellomeres may differ between antennae in same individual.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE936E4E278BF52FF0969AE7D13F904" blockId="3.[151,1437,650,2002]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E278BF52FF0969AE7969FA7A" box="[198,283,1491,1516]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Thorax</emphasis>
: Wing: length
<quantity id="4CAE9B01E278BF52FE1869AF7A1AFA7A" box="[471,616,1490,1516]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5499999999999998" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="1.5499999999999998" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.9 mm</quantity>
in females (n=18),
<quantity id="4CAE9B01E278BF52FC9169AF7B82FA7A" box="[862,1008,1490,1516]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.8 mm</quantity>
in males (n=13); very light brown shade, covered by dark microtrichia, denser along veins M and Cu. C, Sc and R5 brownish, with dark scales and hairs. R5 joins C at wing mid length, M present as fold, Cu unforked, posterior wing margin with long fine hairs up to meeting point of Cu with C. Legs: densely covered by dark scales and hairs. Tarsal claws (
<figureCitation id="136D2A61E278BF52FAF16A2D7DE0F9FC" box="[1342,1426,1616,1642]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 18" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox="[254,1372,351,1291]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,339,1332]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 18. Baldratia salicorniae. 11. Head. 12. Female apical flagellomeres. 13. Acropod. 14. Female abdomen, lateral. 15. Ovipositor. Not all setae on aculeus shown 16. Male terminalia, dorsal. Setae on parameres are shown as would be seen if the cerci were removed 17. Gonostylus, ventral. 18. Gonostylus dorsal. Scale bars = 0.1 mm (scale bar for Fig. 13 = 0.05 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184987/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
) toothed, thick, evenly curved; teeth thin and strongly curved near base, empodia much shorter than claw.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34C656FE278BF56FF096ADC7902F8D4" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE936E4E278BF55FF096ADC7CFBFEC4" blockId="3.[151,1437,650,2002]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,152,338]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E278BF52FF096ADC79E0F92C" box="[198,402,1697,1722]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Female abdomen</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="136D2A61E278BF52FE6D6ADD7988F92C" box="[418,506,1696,1722]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 18" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox="[254,1372,351,1291]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,339,1332]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 18. Baldratia salicorniae. 11. Head. 12. Female apical flagellomeres. 13. Acropod. 14. Female abdomen, lateral. 15. Ovipositor. Not all setae on aculeus shown 16. Male terminalia, dorsal. Setae on parameres are shown as would be seen if the cerci were removed 17. Gonostylus, ventral. 18. Gonostylus dorsal. Scale bars = 0.1 mm (scale bar for Fig. 13 = 0.05 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184987/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
): Most of abdomen covered by white scales. Scale pattern on dorsum comprising three black spots on white background on anterior part of each tergite; medial spot triangular, smaller than two lateral semi-spherical spots. Tergites 1–7 rectangular, with 1–2 posterior rows of setae and 1 trichoid sensillum at mid-anterior part; tergite 8 much narrower than preceding tergites, often only sclerotized posteriorly, without posterior row of setae, with anterior trichoid sensilla. Sternites 2–7 rectangular, sometimes less sclerotized in mid part, with 1–3 posterior rows of strong setae and several strong setae anteriorly; sternite 8 undifferentiated from surrounding membrane. Area anterior and posterior to lateral group of setae on segment 8 with longitudinal wrinkles and grooves. Ovipositor (
<figureCitation id="136D2A61E278BF52FCC66BC57B11F844" box="[777,867,1976,2002]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 18" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox="[254,1372,351,1291]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,339,1332]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 18. Baldratia salicorniae. 11. Head. 12. Female apical flagellomeres. 13. Acropod. 14. Female abdomen, lateral. 15. Ovipositor. Not all setae on aculeus shown 16. Male terminalia, dorsal. Setae on parameres are shown as would be seen if the cerci were removed 17. Gonostylus, ventral. 18. Gonostylus dorsal. Scale bars = 0.1 mm (scale bar for Fig. 13 = 0.05 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184987/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
): Lateral group of setae large, comprising more than 100 curved, hyaline setae, surrounded by minute smaller and denser hyaline setae. Segment 9 anteriorly with dorsal and ventral sclerites. Sclerotized rods widen posterad. Posteroventral part ventral to cercus with several long, strong setae. Lateral plate sheathing entire base of cercus, with short, thick dorsal spur, bearing 17–24 straight, split setae. Aculeus slightly curved posteroventrally, bearing 11–16 thin, hooked setae that are strongly curved at mid length. Apical lamella ovoid, as long as aculeus, evenly setose.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF29666CE27FBF55FF586A4E7A31F925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184986/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" targetBox="[180,1408,393,1550]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BE936E4E27FBF55FF586A4E7A31F925" blockId="4.[151,1436,1587,1715]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27FBF55FF586A4E7923F9DD" bold="true" box="[151,337,1587,1611]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FIGURES 5–10.</emphasis>
Galls and infestation. 5.
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27FBF55FDAF6A497B34F9DD" box="[608,838,1588,1611]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicorniae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27FBF55FDAF6A497B34F9DD" box="[608,838,1588,1611]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Baldratia salicorniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gall (arrow) in stem of
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27FBF55FB876A497D5EF9DD" box="[1096,1324,1588,1611]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Sarcocornia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perennis">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27FBF55FB876A497D5EF9DD" box="[1096,1324,1588,1611]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Sarcocornia perennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 6. A section through
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27FBF55FEE66A2A79B0F9F8" box="[297,450,1623,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicorniae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27FBF55FEE66A2A79B0F9F8" box="[297,450,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B. salicorniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gall, showing a larva. 7.
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27FBF55FD276A2A7BDAF9F8" box="[744,936,1623,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Careopalpis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="akko">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27FBF55FD276A2A7BDAF9F8" box="[744,936,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Careopalpis akko</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gall (arrow) in leaf of
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27FBF55FB7B6A2A7D04F9F8" box="[1204,1398,1623,1646]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Suaeda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="splendens">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27FBF55FB7B6A2A7D04F9F8" box="[1204,1398,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Suaeda splendens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 8.
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27FBF55FF586A077900F907" box="[151,370,1658,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Houardiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27FBF55FF586A077900F907" box="[151,370,1658,1681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Houardiella gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
exuviae in dried stem joint of
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27FBF55FD046A077C69F907" box="[715,1051,1658,1681]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Arthrocnemum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrostachyum">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27FBF55FD046A077C69F907" box="[715,1051,1658,1681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Arthrocnemum macrostachyum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 9–10.
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27FBF55FBA06A077D13F907" box="[1135,1377,1658,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Stefaniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipalpis">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27FBF55FBA06A077D13F907" box="[1135,1377,1658,1681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Stefaniella brevipalpis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stem and leaf galls on
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27FBF55FE826AE17A49F925" box="[333,571,1692,1715]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Atriplex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portulacoides">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27FBF55FE826AE17A49F925" box="[333,571,1692,1715]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Atriplex portulacoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE936E4E27FBF54FF096A9C7933FEBC" blockId="4.[151,1436,1761,2027]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,152,298]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27FBF55FF096A9C7905F96C" box="[198,375,1761,1786]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Male abdomen</emphasis>
: Scale pattern as in female. Tergites 1–7 rectangular, entire, with single posterior row of setae and a trichoid sensilla on mid anterior part. Tergite 8 much narrower than preceding tergites, sclerotized only in mid part, without posterior row of setae, with anterior trichoid sensilla. Sternites 2–8 rectangular, sternite 8 smaller than 7, all with 2–3 posterior rows of setae; number of posterior setae larger on posterior than on anterior sternites. Terminalia (
<figureCitation id="136D2A61E27FBF55FE356BFC7A21F80D" box="[506,595,1921,1947]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 18" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox="[254,1372,351,1291]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,339,1332]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 18. Baldratia salicorniae. 11. Head. 12. Female apical flagellomeres. 13. Acropod. 14. Female abdomen, lateral. 15. Ovipositor. Not all setae on aculeus shown 16. Male terminalia, dorsal. Setae on parameres are shown as would be seen if the cerci were removed 17. Gonostylus, ventral. 18. Gonostylus dorsal. Scale bars = 0.1 mm (scale bar for Fig. 13 = 0.05 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184987/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
): Gonocoxite wide, massive, ventrally and laterally with scattered long setae; mediobasal lobe relatively small, evenly setulose. Gonostylus (
<figureCitation id="136D2A61E27FBF55FC296BD47C05F855" box="[998,1143,1961,1987]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 18" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox="[254,1372,351,1291]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,339,1332]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 18. Baldratia salicorniae. 11. Head. 12. Female apical flagellomeres. 13. Acropod. 14. Female abdomen, lateral. 15. Ovipositor. Not all setae on aculeus shown 16. Male terminalia, dorsal. Setae on parameres are shown as would be seen if the cerci were removed 17. Gonostylus, ventral. 18. Gonostylus dorsal. Scale bars = 0.1 mm (scale bar for Fig. 13 = 0.05 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184987/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs. 17–18</figureCitation>
) narrowed considerably toward apex, dorsally setulose near base, ridged elsewhere, with many long setae; verntrally ridged with fewer setae; tooth blunt. Fused cerci considerably wider than hypoproct, widely separated, evenly setulose with several strong setae. Hypoproct entire, rounded, narrowed posteriorly. Paramere wide triangular, evenly setose, apically with one seta on small protruding lobe. Aedeagus longer than paramere, narrowed toward apex, rounded at tip.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF29666CE27EBF54FF58694179E6FA2A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184987/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" targetBox="[254,1372,351,1291]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BE936E4E27EBF54FF58694179E6FA2A" blockId="5.[151,1436,1340,1468]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27EBF54FF586941792EFAC2" bold="true" box="[151,348,1340,1364]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FIGURES 11–18.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27EBF54FEAC69407A35FAC2" box="[355,583,1341,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicorniae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27EBF54FEAC69407A35FAC2" box="[355,583,1341,1364]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Baldratia salicorniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 11. Head. 12. Female apical flagellomeres. 13. Acropod. 14. Female abdomen, lateral. 15. Ovipositor. Not all setae on aculeus shown 16. Male terminalia, dorsal. Setae on parameres are shown as would be seen if the cerci were removed 17. Gonostylus, ventral. 18. Gonostylus dorsal. Scale bars = 0.1 mm (scale bar for Fig. 13 = 0.05 mm).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE936E4E27EBF54FF09698D78BCF96C" blockId="5.[151,1437,1520,1946]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Larva (third instar) (
<figureCitation id="136D2A61E27EBF54FE7B698D7A74F99C" box="[436,518,1520,1546]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 10" captionStartId="4.[151,269,1587,1611]" captionTargetBox="[180,1408,393,1550]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,359,1585]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 10. Galls and infestation. 5. Baldratia salicorniae gall (arrow) in stem of Sarcocornia perennis. 6. A section through B. salicorniae gall, showing a larva. 7. Careopalpis akko gall (arrow) in leaf of Suaeda splendens. 8. Houardiella gracilis exuviae in dried stem joint of Arthrocnemum macrostachyum. 9 – 10. Stefaniella brevipalpis stem and leaf galls on Atriplex portulacoides." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184986/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136D2A61E27EBF54FDDB698D7A2CF99C" box="[532,606,1520,1546]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1521,1545]" captionTargetBox="[211,1339,192,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1380,135,1579]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Baldratia salicorniae. 19. Larva, ventral habitus. 20. Larva head and spatula with associated papillae. 21. Spatulae showing variable proportions of teeth. 22. Pupa, ventral. 23. Pupa, lateral. 24. Pupa head, lateral. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184988/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">19–20</figureCitation>
) – Elongate and slender, body tapered posteriorly, orange; length:
<quantity id="4CAE9B01E27EBF54FAA7698D7880F9A4" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="3.1" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.7">2.7– 3.5 mm</quantity>
(n=6). Integument covered by tiny spicules. Posterolateral apodemes 1.5 times as long as head capsule (
<figureCitation id="136D2A61E27EBF54FF176A3D7940F9CC" box="[216,306,1600,1626]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1521,1545]" captionTargetBox="[211,1339,192,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1380,135,1579]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Baldratia salicorniae. 19. Larva, ventral habitus. 20. Larva head and spatula with associated papillae. 21. Spatulae showing variable proportions of teeth. 22. Pupa, ventral. 23. Pupa, lateral. 24. Pupa head, lateral. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184988/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
). Spatula (
<figureCitation id="136D2A61E27EBF54FE7D6A3D7A30F9CC" box="[434,578,1600,1626]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1521,1545]" captionTargetBox="[211,1339,192,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1380,135,1579]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Baldratia salicorniae. 19. Larva, ventral habitus. 20. Larva head and spatula with associated papillae. 21. Spatulae showing variable proportions of teeth. 22. Pupa, ventral. 23. Pupa, lateral. 24. Pupa head, lateral. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184988/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs. 20, 21</figureCitation>
) with long shaft, widened distally, with three strongly sclerotized teeth; middle tooth slightly to significantly smaller than lateral teeth (varies among individuals,
<figureCitation id="136D2A61E27EBF54FB066A157D50F914" box="[1225,1314,1640,1666]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1521,1545]" captionTargetBox="[211,1339,192,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1380,135,1579]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Baldratia salicorniae. 19. Larva, ventral habitus. 20. Larva head and spatula with associated papillae. 21. Spatulae showing variable proportions of teeth. 22. Pupa, ventral. 23. Pupa, lateral. 24. Pupa head, lateral. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184988/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
). On each side of spatula asetose sternal papilla, two tiny, asetose inner lateral papillae and one larger asetose outer lateral papilla; inner pleural papilla asetose, outer pleural papillae with long setae. Terminal papillae four, all asetose.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE936E4E27EBF54FF096B757B04F80C" blockId="5.[151,1437,1520,1946]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Pupa (
<figureCitation id="136D2A61E27EBF54FEDC6B7579D1F8B4" box="[275,419,1800,1826]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1521,1545]" captionTargetBox="[211,1339,192,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1380,135,1579]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Baldratia salicorniae. 19. Larva, ventral habitus. 20. Larva head and spatula with associated papillae. 21. Spatulae showing variable proportions of teeth. 22. Pupa, ventral. 23. Pupa, lateral. 24. Pupa head, lateral. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184988/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs. 22–24</figureCitation>
) – Dark orange; length:
<quantity id="4CAE9B01E27EBF54FD036B757B5AF8B4" box="[716,808,1800,1826]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
(n=2). Antennal horns prominent, facial horn small, pointed. Prothoracic spiracle tapered distally, four times as long as wide at base. Cephalic seta short and fine. Frons with two setose frontal papillae and two asetose lateral papillae on each side. Abdominal segments covered by spicules. Anal segment divided into two tapered lobes.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF29666CE27DBF57FF58698C7974F9D8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184988/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" targetBox="[211,1339,192,1520]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BE936E4E27DBF57FF58698C7974F9D8" blockId="6.[151,1437,1521,1614]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27DBF57FF58698C792FF99F" bold="true" box="[151,349,1521,1545]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">FIGURES 19–24.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27DBF57FEAB698F7A3AF99F" box="[356,584,1522,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicorniae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27DBF57FEAB698F7A3AF99F" box="[356,584,1522,1545]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Baldratia salicorniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 19. Larva, ventral habitus. 20. Larva head and spatula with associated papillae. 21. Spatulae showing variable proportions of teeth. 22. Pupa, ventral. 23. Pupa, lateral. 24. Pupa head, lateral. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE936E4E27DBF57FF096A017B30F8C8" blockId="6.[151,1436,1659,2006]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Material examined – 2 Ψ, 2 ɗ,
<specimenCount id="9D50FD6DE27DBF57FDFE6A017AF1F900" box="[561,643,1660,1686]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="pupa">1 pupa</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3417674E27DBF57FD406A017AB4F900" box="[655,710,1660,1686]" name="Italy" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Italy</collectingCountry>
, unspecified locality and date, collected by Baldrati from
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27DBF57FAA36A01792DF92B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Salicornia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fruticosa">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27DBF57FAA36A01792DF92B" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Salicornia fruticosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stem galls; All other material from
<collectingCountry id="F3417674E27DBF57FCE06AD97B01F928" box="[815,883,1700,1726]" name="Israel" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Israel</collectingCountry>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27DBF57FC4C6AD97BB5F928" box="[899,967,1700,1726]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Careopalpis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="akko">Akko</taxonomicName>
, N. Dorchin, reared from
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27DBF57FAC36AD97889F973" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Sarcocornia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perennis">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27DBF57FAC36AD97889F973" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sarcocornia perennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stem galls, unless otherwise noted.
<date id="FFE81024E27DBF57FD676AB17B56F970" box="[680,804,1740,1766]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1995-02-10">10.II.1995</date>
, 1 Ψ, 1 ɗ, 2 pupal exuviae,
<specimenCount id="9D50FD6DE27DBF57FBBB6AB17CA4F970" box="[1140,1238,1740,1766]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="larva">3 larvae</specimenCount>
;
<date id="FFE81024E27DBF57FB2C6AB17D29F970" box="[1251,1371,1740,1766]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1995-03-03">3.III.1995</date>
, 1 Ψ;
<date id="FFE81024E27DBF57FF586A89797FF898" box="[151,269,1780,1806]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1995-04-07">7.IV.1995</date>
, 1 Ψ, 3 ɗ;
<date id="FFE81024E27DBF57FE536A897A5FF898" box="[412,557,1780,1806]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1996-07-20">20.VII.1996</date>
, 5 Ψ, 4 ɗ; Atlit,
<date id="FFE81024E27DBF57FCCA6A897BF0F898" box="[773,898,1780,1806]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1996-10-21">21.X.1996</date>
, 4 Ψ, 6 ɗ;
<date id="FFE81024E27DBF57FBDD6A897CD6F898" box="[1042,1188,1780,1806]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1997-07-26">26.VII.1997</date>
, 2 Ψ, 2 ɗ,
<specimenCount id="9D50FD6DE27DBF57FAFC6A897DE5F898" box="[1331,1431,1780,1806]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="larva">3 larvae</specimenCount>
; 1,28.Vlll.1998, 5 ɗ;
<date id="FFE81024E27DBF57FE566B617A59F8A0" box="[409,555,1820,1846]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2002-07-20">20.VII.2002</date>
, N. Dorchin and A. Dorchin, 4 Ψ, 1 ɗ; N. Dorchin and A. Freidberg,
<date id="FFE81024E27DBF57FF586B397941F8C8" box="[151,307,1860,1886]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2002-08-12">12.VIII.2002</date>
, 2 Ψ, 3 ɗ; A. Freidberg,
<date id="FFE81024E27DBF57FD9C6B397ABFF8C8" box="[595,717,1860,1886]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2002-09-07">7.IX.2002</date>
, 2 Ψ, 3 ɗ.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE936E4E27DBF57FF096B117B7DF810" blockId="6.[151,1436,1659,2006]" box="[198,783,1900,1926]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Distribution. – circum-Mediterranean and
<collectingCountry id="F3417674E27DBF57FD786B117B79F810" box="[695,779,1900,1926]" name="Eritrea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Eritrea</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE936E4E27DBF57FF096BE9797DF840" blockId="6.[151,1436,1659,2006]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Etymology: The species was named after the host genus,
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27DBF57FC6B6BE97C6CF83B" box="[932,1054,1940,1965]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Salicornia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27DBF57FC6B6BE97C6CF83B" box="[932,1054,1940,1965]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Salicornia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from which it was originally described.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE936E4E27CBF56FF096CE57B9FFE34" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1858]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Biology. – The species develops in stem galls on
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FCDD6CE57C7DFF27" box="[786,1039,152,177]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Sarcocornia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perennis">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FCDD6CE57C7DFF27" box="[786,1039,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sarcocornia perennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="136D2A61E27CBF56FBD06CE57CE1FF24" box="[1055,1171,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 10" captionStartId="4.[151,269,1587,1611]" captionTargetBox="[180,1408,393,1550]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,359,1585]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 10. Galls and infestation. 5. Baldratia salicorniae gall (arrow) in stem of Sarcocornia perennis. 6. A section through B. salicorniae gall, showing a larva. 7. Careopalpis akko gall (arrow) in leaf of Suaeda splendens. 8. Houardiella gracilis exuviae in dried stem joint of Arthrocnemum macrostachyum. 9 – 10. Stefaniella brevipalpis stem and leaf galls on Atriplex portulacoides." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184986/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 5–6</figureCitation>
). Each gall occupies a single stem joint. The joint is fleshy, inflated, at least partially red, and in most cases can easily be distinguished from non-infested joints. First and second instar larvae were sometimes found in the same joint before chambers start forming in the gall. Third instar larvae were found in distinct chambers in the stem, usually one larva per gall. Galls containing larvae and pupae were rather abundant throughout the year, and adults emerged from March to September. From October to March, galls contained first instar larvae. These observations indicate that the species has several overlapping generations a year.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE936E4E27CBF56FF096DCD793AFBE4" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1858]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Remarks. –
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FEAE6DCD7A11FE5F" box="[353,611,432,457]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicorniae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FEAE6DCD7A11FE5F" box="[353,611,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Baldratia salicorniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the
<typeStatus id="54ED8846E27CBF56FD0B6DCD7A85FE5C" box="[708,759,432,458]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">type</typeStatus>
species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FBDC6DCD7CF1FE5F" box="[1043,1155,432,457]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FBDC6DCD7CF1FE5F" box="[1043,1155,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Baldratia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which was originally described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B15E27CBF56FEFD6DA579A9FE64" author="Kieffer" box="[306,475,472,498]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1897) Meine antwort an den Herrn Zeichenlehrer Rubsaamen und an den Herrn Dozenten Dr. F. Karsch nebst Beschreibung neuer Gallmucken. Trier. 21 pp." type="book" year="1897">Kieffer (1897)</bibRefCitation>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FDED6DA57B79FE67" box="[546,779,472,497]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Salicornia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fruticosa">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FDED6DA57B79FE67" box="[546,779,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Salicornia fruticosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This host plant belongs to a complex of closely related, taxonomically controversial salt-marsh species with jointed nodes and scaly leaves, and is now considered to be in the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FE9C6E557AEAFDD4" authority="Boulus 1999" authorityName="Boulus" authorityYear="1999" box="[339,664,552,578]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Sarcocornia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FE9C6E557991FDD7" box="[339,483,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sarcocornia</emphasis>
(Boulus 1999)
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B15E27CBF56FD6B6E557B20FDD4" author="Houard" box="[676,850,552,578]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Houard, C. (1922) Les Zoocecidies des Plantes d'Afrique, d'Asie et d'Oceeanie, vol. 2. Librairie scientifique Jules Hermann, Paris." type="journal volume" year="1922">Houard (1922)</bibRefCitation>
included drawings of the galls with records from
<collectingCountry id="F3417674E27CBF56FF586E2D78ADFDFC" box="[151,223,592,618]" name="Libya" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Libya</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3417674E27CBF56FF256E2D7936FDFC" box="[234,324,592,618]" name="Tunisia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="F3417674E27CBF56FE4D6E2D79A4FDFC" box="[386,470,592,618]" name="Eritrea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Eritrea</collectingCountry>
. Similar galls recorded on the related host
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FC036E2D7DE9FDFC" authority="Houard 1908" authorityName="Houard" authorityYear="1908" box="[972,1435,592,618]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Arthrocnemum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glaucum">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FC036E2D7C95FDFF" box="[972,1255,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Arthrocnemum glaucum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B15E27CBF56FB396E2D7DE1FDFC" author="Houard" box="[1270,1427,592,618]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Houard, C. (1908) Les Zoocecidies des Plantes d'Europe et du Bassin de la Mediterranee, Vol. 1. Librairie scientifique A. Hermann et Fils, Paris." type="book" year="1908">Houard 1908</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
possibly also belong to
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FE656E057A3FFD07" box="[426,589,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicorniae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FE656E057A3FFD07" box="[426,589,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. salicorniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In the present study we reared the gall midges from
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FB756E0578CBFD2F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Sarcocornia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perennis">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FB756E0578CBFD2F" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sarcocornia perennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Although this is not the original host from which the species was described, the following circumstances and evidence support our conclusion that the species we reared is indeed
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FC276EB57C91FD77" box="[1000,1251,712,737]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicorniae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FC276EB57C91FD77" box="[1000,1251,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Baldratia salicorniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Given the subtle morphological differences among the host plants, their similar habitat and distribution, and the similar descriptions of the galls from all hosts, it is possible that the original host was misidentified and/or that
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FA9F6F65788BFCCF" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicorniae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FA9F6F65788BFCCF" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. salicorniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is found on all of these plant species. This assumption is further supported by data given in Möhn’s (1969) revision of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FE3D6F157A10FC17" box="[498,610,872,897]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FE3D6F157A10FC17" box="[498,610,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Baldratia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in which the list of host plants for
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FBDB6F157CC9FC17" box="[1044,1211,872,897]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicorniae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FBDB6F157CC9FC17" box="[1044,1211,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. salicorniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
includes
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FAE06F157902FC3F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Halocnemum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="strobilaceum">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FAE06F157902FC3F" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Halocnemum strobilaceum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and several
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FDC86FED7AF3FC3F" box="[519,641,912,937]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Salicornia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FDC86FED7AF3FC3F" box="[519,641,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Salicornia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FD736FED7B19FC3F" box="[700,875,912,937]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Arthrocnemum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FD736FED7B19FC3F" box="[700,875,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Arthrocnemum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, including
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FB9F6FED7D3EFC3F" box="[1104,1356,912,937]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Sarcocornia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perennis">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FB9F6FED7D3EFC3F" box="[1104,1356,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sarcocornia perennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FA916FED790EFC47" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Arthrocnemum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perenne">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FA916FED790EFC47" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Arthrocnemum perenne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B15E27CBF56FE606FC57A3AFC44" author="Mohn" box="[431,584,952,978]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Mohn, E. (1969) Cecidomyiidae = (Itonididae). Vol. 2 (2), part 6, Lieferung 277, pp. 161 - 200. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region. Schweizerbart'sche Verlag, Stuttgart." type="book chapter" year="1969">Möhn, 1969</bibRefCitation>
), and in which the
<collectingCountry id="F3417674E27CBF56FC8B6FC57BFFFC44" box="[836,909,952,978]" name="Israel" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Israeli</collectingCountry>
town of Haifa (
<quantity id="4CAE9B01E27CBF56FB906FC57CC3FC44" box="[1119,1201,952,978]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
south of
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FAFF6FC57D01FC44" box="[1328,1395,952,978]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Careopalpis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="akko">Akko</taxonomicName>
) is mentioned among the localities where galls had been found. Furthermore, the original description of
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FA896F9D7883FBB7" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicorniae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FA896F9D7883FBB7" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. salicorniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and in particular the consequent, much more detailed redescription in
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B15E27CBF56FBF068757DE4FBB4" author="Kieffer" box="[1087,1430,1032,1058]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1912) pp. 66 - 67, 69 - 72, 74 - 79, 107 - 108, 126 - 128, In: Houard, C. Les zoocecidies du nord de l'Afrique. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France. 81, 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1912">
Kieffer (1912, as
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FADE68757DF9FBB7" box="[1297,1419,1032,1057]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hyalina">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FADE68757DF9FBB7" box="[1297,1419,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. hyalina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</bibRefCitation>
, match the species we reared, including the conspicuous bilobed last segment of the pupal abdomen depicted in
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B15E27CBF56FF5868257936FBE4" author="Kieffer" box="[151,324,1112,1138]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1912) pp. 66 - 67, 69 - 72, 74 - 79, 107 - 108, 126 - 128, In: Houard, C. Les zoocecidies du nord de l'Afrique. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France. 81, 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1912">Kieffer (1912)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE936E4E27CBF56FF0968FD7D28F9BC" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1858]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B15E27CBF56FF0968FD7913FB0C" author="Mohn" box="[198,353,1152,1178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Mohn, E. (1969) Cecidomyiidae = (Itonididae). Vol. 2 (2), part 6, Lieferung 277, pp. 161 - 200. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region. Schweizerbart'sche Verlag, Stuttgart." type="book chapter" year="1969">Möhn (1969)</bibRefCitation>
placed
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FE7368FD7A12FB0F" box="[444,608,1152,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicorniae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FE7368FD7A12FB0F" box="[444,608,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. salicorniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FD6068FD7B41FB0F" box="[687,819,1152,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicorniae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FD6068FD7B41FB0F" box="[687,819,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">salicorniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subgroup together with
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FB9F68FD7D6CFB0C" authority="Mohn" authorityName="Mohn" box="[1104,1310,1152,1178]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suaedae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FB9F68FD7CA3FB0F" box="[1104,1233,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. suaedae</emphasis>
Möhn
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FAE368FD78AFFB54" authority="Mohn" authorityName="Mohn" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aelleni">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FAE368FD7DEEFB0F" box="[1324,1436,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. aelleni</emphasis>
Möhn
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FF2468D57A55FB54" authority="Marikovskij" authorityName="Marikovskij" box="[235,551,1192,1218]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="przewalskii">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FF2468D579E3FB57" box="[235,401,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. przewalskii</emphasis>
Marikovskij
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FDF968D57B4DFB54" authority="Marikovskij" authorityName="Marikovskij" box="[566,831,1192,1218]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kozlovi">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FDF968D57ADBFB57" box="[566,681,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. kozlovi</emphasis>
Marikovskij
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FCB768D57C34FB54" authority="Mohn" authorityName="Mohn" box="[888,1094,1192,1218]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haloxyli">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FCB768D57B85FB57" box="[888,1015,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. haloxyli</emphasis>
Möhn
</taxonomicName>
, all of which possess a threetoothed spatula. In a subsequent study of adults,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B15E27CBF56FD1068AD7BD1FB7C" author="Fedotova" box="[735,931,1232,1258]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Fedotova, Z. A. (1991) Gall midges of the genus Baldratia (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) of Kazakhstan. Entomologicheskoye Obozreniye 11, 42 - 56 [in Russian]. English translation in Entomological Review 71, 25 - 39." type="journal article" year="1991">Fedotova (1991)</bibRefCitation>
also placed this species in the
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FAD768AD7DEEFB7F" box="[1304,1436,1232,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicorniae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FAD768AD7DEEFB7F" box="[1304,1436,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">salicorniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subgroup, but assigned to it only one more species,
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FD3E68857C75FA84" authority="Fedotova" authorityName="Fedotova" box="[753,1031,1272,1298]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suaedifolia">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FD3E68857BE1FA87" box="[753,915,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. suaedifolia</emphasis>
Fedotova
</taxonomicName>
(and later (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B15E27CBF56FB4368857D4FFA84" author="Fedotova" box="[1164,1341,1272,1298]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Fedotova, Z. A, (1992) New species of gall midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) developing on chenopodiaceae in Kazakhstan and Turkmenia. Zoologicheskiy Zhurnal 71, 29 - 40 [in Russain]. English translation in Entomological review 72, 66 - 77." type="journal article" year="1992">Fedotova 1992</bibRefCitation>
) also
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FA4C688579DEFAAC" authority="Fedotova" authorityName="Fedotova" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balchanensis">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FA4C68857942FAAF" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. balchanensis</emphasis>
Fedotova
</taxonomicName>
), based on characters of the ovipositor. Species in this subgroup share lateral plates that embrace the entire base of the cercus, are covered by split spines, and bear a thick, dorsal spur, which is longer and thinner in
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FE5A690D7A4AFA1F" box="[405,568,1392,1417]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suaedifolia">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FE5A690D7A4AFA1F" box="[405,568,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. suaedifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FDBD690D7B5FFA1F" box="[626,813,1392,1417]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balchanensis">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FDBD690D7B5FFA1F" box="[626,813,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. balchanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than in
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FC42690D7C40FA1F" box="[909,1074,1392,1417]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicorniae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FC42690D7C40FA1F" box="[909,1074,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. salicorniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The cercus in these species is situated at an obtuse angle relative to the ovipositor “trunk” (segment 9 of the abdomen), allegedly distinguishing them from members of the
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FD8769BD7B60FA4F" box="[584,786,1472,1497]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="climacopterifolia">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FD8769BD7B60FA4F" box="[584,786,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">climacopterifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subgroup of Fedotova (e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FBA669BD7D04FA4C" authority="Fedotova" authorityName="Fedotova" box="[1129,1398,1472,1498]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="araliensis">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FBA669BD7C8FFA4F" box="[1129,1277,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. araliensis</emphasis>
Fedotova
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FA4C69BD79A5F994" authority="Fedotova" authorityName="Fedotova" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="climacopterifolia">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FA4C69BD7913F997" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. climacopterifolia</emphasis>
Fedotova
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FE2769957B5EF994" authority="Fedotova" authorityName="Fedotova" box="[488,812,1512,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halimocnemiis">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FE2769957AC4F997" box="[488,694,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. halimocnemiis</emphasis>
Fedotova
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FCF169957C33F994" authority="Fedotova" authorityName="Fedotova" box="[830,1089,1512,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaxartica">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FCF169957BB9F997" box="[830,971,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. jaxartica</emphasis>
Fedotova
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FB9D69957DE3F994" authority="Fedotova" authorityName="Fedotova" box="[1106,1425,1512,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitrariacarpa">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FB9D69957D66F997" box="[1106,1300,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. nitrariacarpa</emphasis>
Fedotova
</taxonomicName>
). In the latter group, the cercus forms a right angle to the trunk and the lateral plates are not as developed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE936E4E27CBF56FF096A457902F8D4" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1858]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
The presumed closest relatives of
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FD916A457B2EF9C7" box="[606,860,1592,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicorniae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FD916A457B2EF9C7" box="[606,860,1592,1617]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Baldratia salicorniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
develop in different host plants and host organs and are known so far only from Eastern Europe and central Asia;
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FC726A1D7C11F9EF" box="[957,1123,1632,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suaedifolia">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FC726A1D7C11F9EF" box="[957,1123,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. suaedifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
develops in leaves of the annual
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FF226AF579BAF937" box="[237,456,1672,1697]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Suaeda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminata">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FF226AF579BAF937" box="[237,456,1672,1697]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Suaeda acuminata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="F3417674E27CBF56FE3F6AF57A0BF934" box="[496,633,1672,1698]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B15E27CBF56FD466AF57B4FF934" author="Fedotova" box="[649,829,1672,1698]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Fedotova, Z. A. (1991) Gall midges of the genus Baldratia (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) of Kazakhstan. Entomologicheskoye Obozreniye 11, 42 - 56 [in Russian]. English translation in Entomological Review 71, 25 - 39." type="journal article" year="1991">Fedotova 1991</bibRefCitation>
) without causing external deformation, and
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FA846AF57979F95F" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balchanensis">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FA846AF57979F95F" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. balchanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
induces leaf swellings in
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FD8C6ACD7A8EF95F" box="[579,764,1712,1737]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Salsola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aucheri">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FD8C6ACD7A8EF95F" box="[579,764,1712,1737]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Salsola aucheri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Turkmenia (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B15E27CBF56FC7A6ACD7C1EF95C" author="Fedotova" box="[949,1132,1712,1738]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Fedotova, Z. A, (1992) New species of gall midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) developing on chenopodiaceae in Kazakhstan and Turkmenia. Zoologicheskiy Zhurnal 71, 29 - 40 [in Russain]. English translation in Entomological review 72, 66 - 77." type="journal article" year="1992">Fedotova 1992</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingCountry id="F3417674E27CBF56FB6B6ACD7C9AF95C" box="[1188,1256,1712,1738]" name="Israel" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Israel</collectingCountry>
, the only other
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FF586AA57975F967" box="[151,263,1752,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FF586AA57975F967" box="[151,263,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Baldratia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species known to share the above-mentioned morphological attributes with
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FB486AA57D5EF967" box="[1159,1324,1752,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Baldratia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicorniae">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FB486AA57D5EF967" box="[1159,1324,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. salicorniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
develops in barely conspicuous galls in leaves of the salt-marsh annual
<taxonomicName id="4C564D67E27CBF56FCAA6B7D7C31F88F" box="[869,1091,1792,1817]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Suaeda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aegyptiaca">
<emphasis id="B922EAF6E27CBF56FCAA6B7D7C31F88F" box="[869,1091,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Suaeda aegyptiaca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and is yet to be described (N. Dorchin, unpubl.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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