170 lines
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170 lines
14 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.127.928" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8df52d8e-6b7e-4b05-a10a-2feed7078ff6" ID-PMC="PMC3175129" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-127-29" ID-PubMed="21998546" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-127-29" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 127" ModsDocTitle="The genus Andraca (Lepidoptera, Endromidae) in China with descriptions of a new species" checkinTime="1451249927079" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wang, Xing, Zeng, Ling & Wang, Min" docDate="2011" docId="FB6EAB74F5B421269EC116044C1C9D7A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 127: 29-42" docOrigin="ZooKeys 127" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.127.928" docTitle="Andraca Walker 1865" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="FFBBFF86FFA1FFDBFFBFFF984E2EFFAD" masterDocTitle="The genus Andraca (Lepidoptera, Endromidae) in China with descriptions of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="42" masterPageNumber="29" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1668152066497" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The genus Andraca (Lepidoptera, Endromidae) in China with descriptions of a new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wang, Xing</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zeng, Ling</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wang, Min</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>127</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>29</mods:start>
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<mods:end>42</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.127.928</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.127.928</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-127-29</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152030652" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FB6EAB74F5B421269EC116044C1C9D7A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB6EAB74F5B421269EC116044C1C9D7A" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Andraca" authority="Walker, 1865" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1865" class="Insecta" family="Bombycidae" genus="Andraca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andraca" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Andraca Walker, 1865</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Bombycidae" genus="Andraca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andraca" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Andraca</taxonomicName>
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Walker, 1865, List Specimens lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus., 32: 581. (Type species:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Bombycidae" genus="Andraca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andraca bipunctata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipunctata">Andraca bipunctata</taxonomicName>
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Walker, 1865, List Specimens lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus., 32: 582, by monotype. Type locality: Hindostan, India.)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Endromidae" genus="Pseudoeupterote" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudoeupterote" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="1" pageNumber="30" start="start">Pseudoeupterote</pageBreakToken>
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</taxonomicName>
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Shiraki, 1911, Catalogue Insectorum Noxiorum Formosarum: 48. (Type species:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Drepanidae" genus="Oreta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oreta theae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theae">Oreta theae</taxonomicName>
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Matsumura, 1909, Thousand Insects of Japan, 1: 582, by monotype. Type locality: Formosa (=Taiwan)). Type-species designation by monotype.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="30" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Forewing weakly falcate. Ground color varying from shades of brown to sandy grey.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Male genitalia. Uncus apically single-pointed to weakly indented; gnathos with two long, basally broad, upcurved arms; valvae basally broad, sclerotized, long or medium length; aedeagus short with apex truncated, cornuti present or absent.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
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Female genitalia (
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Bombycidae" genus="Andraca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andraca bipunctata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipunctata">Andraca bipunctata</taxonomicName>
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). Eighth segment curved deeply, ventral margin of ostium bursae extends posteriorly as a broad bilobed plate, ductus bursae sclerotized distal to mid-point, tapering to half width; distal half unsclerotized with slight torsion, corpus bursae lacking a signum.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="30" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Oriental Region, S & E Palaearctic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="30" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Bombycidae" genus="Andraca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andraca" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Andraca</taxonomicName>
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species have sometimes been described in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Bombycidae" genus="Mustilia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mustilia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mustilia</taxonomicName>
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(e.g.,
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<bibRefCitation author="Chu, HF" journalOrPublisher="Beijing," pageId="5" pageNumber="34" pagination="211 - 238" title="Saturniidae of China. Bulletin of Zoology. Science Press." volume="10" year="1993">Chu and Wang 1993</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Chu, HF" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" title="Fauna Sinica Insecta V, Lepidoptera: Bombycidae" year="1996">1996</bibRefCitation>
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), and misidentification has also been frequent (
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<bibRefCitation author="Chu, HF" journalOrPublisher="Beijing," pageId="5" pageNumber="34" pagination="211 - 238" title="Saturniidae of China. Bulletin of Zoology. Science Press." volume="10" year="1993">Chu and Wang 1993</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Chu, HF" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" title="Fauna Sinica Insecta V, Lepidoptera: Bombycidae" year="1996">1996</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Bombycidae" genus="Andraca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andraca" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Andraca</taxonomicName>
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was considered to belong to 'the
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Bombycidae" genus="Mustilia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mustilia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mustilia</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="lineage’">lineage'</normalizedToken>
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of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Prismostictinae">Prismostictinae</taxonomicName>
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Forbes, 1955 (
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<bibRefCitation author="Holloway, JD" journalOrPublisher="Malaysian Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" pagination="74 - 90" title="The moths of Borneo (III)" year="1987">Holloway 1987</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Minet, J" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" pagination="63 - 88" title="The Bombycoidea-Phylogeny and higher classification (Lepidoptera, Glossata)." volume="25" year="1994">Minet 1994</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Lemaire and Minet 1999</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Holloway, JD" journalOrPublisher="Brill, Leiden / Boston / Koeln" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" title="Fauna Malesiana Handbook, 3. The Families of Malesian Moths and Butterflies" year="2001">Holloway et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
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). Our own unpublished work also shows that
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Bombycidae" genus="Andraca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andraca" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Andraca</taxonomicName>
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is close to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Bombycidae" genus="Mustilia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mustilia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mustilia</taxonomicName>
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Walker, 1865 and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Endromidae" genus="Mustilizans" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mustilizans" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mustilizans</taxonomicName>
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Yang, 1995, based on phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences (COI + 18S +28S) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Wang, X" journalOrPublisher="South China Agricultural University, China" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" title="Studies on the Systematics of Bombycidae from China (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea)" year="2010">Wang 2010</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
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<bibRefCitation author="Sevastopulo, DG" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" pagination="40 - 46" title="Early stages of Indian Lepidoptera (18)." volume="35" year="1938">Sevastopulo (1938)</bibRefCitation>
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described the fully grown larvae of the type species. The larvae are gregarious, have short hairs covering the body, and are often heavily parasitized. Pupation is in a thin cocoon of brown silk spun among leaves.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="30" type="key to the chinese andraca species">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Key to the Chinese Andraca species</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
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<table pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
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<tr pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Bombycidae" genus="Andraca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andraca bipunctata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipunctata">Andraca bipunctata</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Bombycidae" genus="Andraca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andraca flavamaculata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavamaculata">Andraca flavamaculata</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Bombycidae" genus="Andraca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andraca olivacea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olivacea">Andraca olivacea</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Bombycidae" genus="Andraca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andraca gongshanensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gongshanensis">Andraca gongshanensis</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Bombycidae" genus="Andraca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andraca theae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theae">Andraca theae</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Bombycidae" genus="Andraca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andraca apodecta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apodecta">Andraca apodecta</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Bombycidae" genus="Andraca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andraca melli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melli">Andraca melli</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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