<documentid="1C3F62C20D2D7FB4E542450DB0D102C7"ID-CLB-Dataset="4025"ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2021.774.1541"ID-GBIF-Dataset="bc28e8d7-56ea-4318-86bc-834a0fdb87c8"ID-ISSN="2118-9773"ID-Zenodo-Dep="5567144"ID-ZooBank="F8F78338-FF22-4E48-91FA-6EB1A9EC76EB"IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe"IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe"IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe"IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi"IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe"checkinTime="1634142903622"checkinUser="felipe"docAuthor="Sidorov, Dmitry, Yalysheva, Elena & Sharyi-Ool, Mariana"docDate="2021"docId="039787E10505FFF1D571FB869A75E720"docLanguage="en"docName="ejt-774_178-199.pdf"docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 774"docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.774.1541"docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1"docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911"docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1"docStyleVersion="14"docTitle="Gammarus koshovi"docType="treatment"docVersion="13"lastPageNumber="189"masterDocId="FFAEFF990501FFFAD741FFF89F79E33A"masterDocTitle="Morphology and zoogeography of the burrower-like gammarid Gammarus koshovi (Bazikalova, 1946) (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Gammaridae) - An overlooked and poorly known species in the Siberian fauna"masterLastPageNumber="199"masterPageNumber="178"pageNumber="182"updateTime="1733350975254"updateUser="felipe"zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0"zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0"zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:titleid="B4582613F3334C8D3B848C2C0C77E518">Morphology and zoogeography of the burrower-like gammarid Gammarus koshovi (Bazikalova, 1946) (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Gammaridae) - An overlooked and poorly known species in the Siberian fauna</mods:title>
<mods:affiliationid="5DEE925A312428AB0B6D83A0A5C43C90">Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, RF.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="C183AD9FBD16AFA2A8EA2F7D383416FB">Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, RF.</mods:affiliation>
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B060505FFFED46AFB879C82E7A3"author="Bazikalova A. Ya."box="[811,1019,1150,1177]"pageId="4"pageNumber="182"pagination="673 - 675"refId="ref7971"refString="Bazikalova A. Ya. 1946. Amphipods of Lake Kossogol. Doklady Akademiyi Nauk SSSR 53: 673 - 675. [In Russian.]"type="journal article"year="1946">Bazikalova, 1946</bibRefCitation>
<figureCitationid="13052A720505FFFED5A6FB5A9C35E787"box="[743,844,1186,1213]"captionStart-0="Fig"captionStart-1="Fig"captionStart-2="Fig"captionStart-3="Fig"captionStartId-0="6.[189,232,1758,1784]"captionStartId-1="7.[189,231,1894,1920]"captionStartId-2="8.[189,233,1928,1954]"captionStartId-3="9.[189,233,1963,1989]"captionTargetBox-0="[202,1394,266,1709]"captionTargetBox-1="[216,1371,268,1848]"captionTargetBox-2="[213,1383,272,1881]"captionTargetBox-3="[195,1388,583,1908]"captionTargetId-0="figure-11@6.[189,1398,265,1719]"captionTargetId-1="figure-17@7.[212,1374,265,1856]"captionTargetId-2="figure-12@8.[202,1385,265,1890]"captionTargetId-3="figure-110@9.[189,1398,575,1923]"captionTargetPageId-0="6"captionTargetPageId-1="7"captionTargetPageId-2="8"captionTargetPageId-3="9"captionText-0="Fig. 2. Gammarus koshovi (Bazikalova, 1946), DAS 16-013. A–C. ♀, 8.0 mm. A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Gnathopod I. C. Gnathopod II. — D–G. ♂, 7.5 mm. D. Antenna II. E. Antenna II, calceolus (× 2800). F. Gnathopod I, setation omitted. G. Gnathopod II, setation omitted."captionText-1="Fig. 3. Gammarus koshovi (Bazikalova, 1946), DAS 16-013, ♀, 8.0 mm. A. Head.B. Antenna I.C.Antenna II. D. Mandible, right. E. Mandible, lacinia mobilis (× 600). F. Mandible, left (part.). G. Lower lip. H. Upper lip. I. Maxilla I, right. J. Maxilla I, outer plate (× 600). K. Palp of maxilla I, left. L. Maxilla II. M. Maxilliped."captionText-2="Fig. 4. Gammarus koshovi (Bazikalova, 1946), DAS 16-013. A–E. ♀, 8.0 mm. A. Pereopod III. B. Pereopod IV. C. Pereopod V. D. Pereopod VI. E. Pereopod VII. — F–G. ♂, 7.5 mm. F. Uropod III. G. Telson. Black arrowheads indicate reduced carpi."captionText-3="Fig. 5. Gammarus koshovi (Bazikalova, 1946), DAS 16-013, ♀, 8.0 mm. A. Epimeral plates I–III. B. Urosoma, dorsal view.C–E. Pleopods I–III (part.). F. Uropod I. G. Uropod II. H. Uropod III. I. Telson."figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5567148"figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5567150"figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5567152"figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5567154"httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5567148/files/figure.png"httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5567150/files/figure.png"httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5567152/files/figure.png"httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5567154/files/figure.png"pageId="4"pageNumber="182">Figs 2–5</figureCitation>
<treatmentCitationid="0A9F10E60505FFFED7FCFB1B9D80E7C7"author="Bazikalova A. Ya."box="[189,761,1251,1277]"page="677"pageId="4"pageNumber="182"year="1946">
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B060505FFFED6AFFB1B9D80E7C7"author="Bazikalova A. Ya."box="[494,761,1251,1277]"pageId="4"pageNumber="182"pagination="673 - 675"refId="ref7971"refString="Bazikalova A. Ya. 1946. Amphipods of Lake Kossogol. Doklady Akademiyi Nauk SSSR 53: 673 - 675. [In Russian.]"type="journal article"year="1946">Bazikalova, 1946: 677</bibRefCitation>
<treatmentCitationid="0A9F10E60505FFFED545FADD9DACE605"author="Barnard J. L."box="[516,725,1316,1343]"page="72"pageId="4"pageNumber="182"year="1958">
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B060505FFFED545FADD9DACE605"author="Barnard J. L."box="[516,725,1316,1343]"pageId="4"pageNumber="182"pagination="1 - 145"refId="ref7856"refString="Barnard J. L. 1958. Index to the families, genera and species of the gammaridean Amphipoda (Crustacea). Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation 19: 1 - 145."type="journal article"year="1958">Barnard 1958: 72</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
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<treatmentCitationid="0A9F10E60505FFFED445FADD9C9BE605"author="Karaman G. S."box="[772,994,1317,1343]"page="41"pageId="4"pageNumber="182"year="1991">
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B060505FFFED445FADD9C9BE605"author="Karaman G. S."box="[772,994,1317,1343]"pageId="4"pageNumber="182"pagination="37 - 73"refId="ref9806"refString="Karaman G. S. 1991. Contribution to the knowledge of the Amphipoda 205. The survey of described and cited freshwater Gammarus species (Fam. Gammaridae) from Soviet Union with redescription of two taxa. Poljoprivreda i Sumarstvo, Titograd 37: 37 - 73."type="journal article"year="1991">Karaman 1991: 41</bibRefCitation>
<treatmentCitationid="0A9F10E60505FFFED6FBFAB09C63E658"author="Barnard J. L. & Barnard C. M."box="[442,794,1352,1378]"page="467"pageId="4"pageNumber="182"year="1983">
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B060505FFFED6FBFAB09C63E658"author="Barnard J. L. & Barnard C. M."box="[442,794,1352,1378]"pageId="4"pageNumber="182"refId="ref7892"refString="Barnard J. L. & Barnard C. M. 1983. Freshwater Amphipoda of the World. Vol. 1, 2. Hayfield Associates, Mt. Vernon, Virginia."type="book"year="1983">Barnard & Barnard 1983: 467</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitationid="0A9F10E60505FFFED406FAB09B2FE659"author="Erbaeva E. A. & Safronov G. P. & Shoshin A. V. & Varykhanova K. V."box="[839,1110,1352,1379]"page="56"pageId="4"pageNumber="182"year="1990">
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B060505FFFED406FAB09B2FE659"author="Erbaeva E. A. & Safronov G. P. & Shoshin A. V. & Varykhanova K. V."box="[839,1110,1352,1379]"pageId="4"pageNumber="182"pagination="55 - 59"refId="ref8738"refString="Erbaeva E. A., Safronov G. P., Shoshin A. V. & Varykhanova K. V. 1990. Gammarids of the mountain lake Khubsugul (Mongolia). In: Khmeleva N. N., Golubev A. P., Sokolova N. Yu. & Roshchin V. E. (eds) Species in Area: Biology, Ecology, and Productivity of Water Invertebrates: 55 - 59. Belorussian Committee for the UNESCO program " Man and the Biosphere ", Navuka i Tekhnika, Minsk. [In Russian.]"type="book chapter"year="1990">
<treatmentCitationid="0A9F10E60505FFFED3C5FAB09E61E6BF"author="Kozhova O. M. & Erbaeva E. A. & Safronov G. P."page="104"pageId="4"pageNumber="182"year="2000">
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B060505FFFED3C5FAB09E61E6BF"author="Kozhova O. M. & Erbaeva E. A. & Safronov G. P."pageId="4"pageNumber="182"pagination="97 - 124"refId="ref10150"refString="Kozhova O. M., Erbaeva E. A. & Safronov G. P. 2000. The benthic invertebrates of Lake Khubsugul, Mongolia. In: Rossiter A. & Kawanabe H. (eds) Ancient Lakes: Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution. Advances in Ecological Research 31: 97 - 124. Academic Press, Amsterdam. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0065 - 2504 (00) 31009 - 1"type="journal article"year="2000">
<treatmentCitationid="0A9F10E60505FFFED608FA939D4FE6BF"author="Safronov G. P."box="[329,566,1387,1413]"page="210"pageId="4"pageNumber="182"year="2006">
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B060505FFFED608FA939D4FE6BF"author="Safronov G. P."box="[329,566,1387,1413]"pageId="4"pageNumber="182"pagination="201 - 216"refId="ref11320"refString="Safronov G. P. 2006. Chapter 13. Gammaridae of Lake Hovsgol. In: Goulden C. E., Sitnikova T., Gelhaus J. & Boldgiv B. (eds) The Geology, Biodiversity and Ecology of Lake Hovsgol (Mongolia): 201 - 216. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden."type="book chapter"year="2006">Safronov 2006: 210</bibRefCitation>
Compact, small-sized amphipod with well-developed eyes; coxal plates spacious (especially coxae 4 and 5); appendages comparatively short; antennae short and stout; peduncle articles 1–3 of antenna I comprise 33% of its total length, accessory flagellum 2-segmented with terminal article greatly reduced; antenna II with rare long setae on ventral face, males with calceoli; pereopods III and IV with clusters of setae on articles 4–6 posteriorly, carpi shortened; pereopod dactyli III–VII strong; uropod III endopodite somewhat shorter than exopodite, all margins with mix of setae of different length. BL = 8.0 mm (
<materialsCitationid="3B563CAA0505FFFED3A5F8BA9B46E498"ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3383732305"collectedFrom="silt"collectingDateMax="2015-06-27"collectingDateMin="2011-08-14"collectionCode="BL"collectorName="E. N. Yalysheva"elevation="8"latitude="50.100666"location="Tore-Khol Lake"longLatPrecision="1"longitude="95.14736"pageId="4"pageNumber="182"specimenCode="DAS 16-013"specimenCount="2">
<locationDeviationid="9A332FD50505FFFED517F89D9CCAE445"box="[598,947,1893,1919]"pageId="4"pageNumber="182">not far from recreation center</locationDeviation>
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<collectingDateid="EFC4E9DF0505FFFED450F8539CC8E4FF"box="[785,945,1963,1989]"pageId="4"pageNumber="182"value="2011-08-13">13 Aug. 2011</collectingDate>
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<materialsCitationid="3B563CAA0505FFFFD383F8369C09E219"ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3383732307"collectedFrom="silted sand"collectingDate="2011-08-13"collectionCode="DAS"collectorName="E. N. Yalysheva"elevation="3"lastPageId="5"lastPageNumber="183"latitude="50.025723"location="Sharlaa"longLatPrecision="1"longitude="95.05789"pageId="4"pageNumber="182"specimenCode="DAS 16-013"specimenCount="2">
<materialsCitationid="3B563CAA0504FFFFD4C7FEF19A08E27D"ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3383732302"collectedFrom="silted sand"collectingDate="2015-06-28"collectionCode="DAS"collectorName="E. N. Yalysheva"elevation="2"latitude="50.079056"location="Yurty"longLatPrecision="1"longitude="95.14403"pageId="5"pageNumber="183"specimenCode="DAS 16-013"specimenCount="1"specimenCount-female="1">
<figureCitationid="13052A720504FFFFD566FDFC9DFEE124"box="[551,647,516,542]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="6.[189,232,1758,1784]"captionTargetBox="[202,1394,266,1709]"captionTargetId="figure-11@6.[189,1398,265,1719]"captionTargetPageId="6"captionText="Fig. 2. Gammarus koshovi (Bazikalova, 1946), DAS 16-013. A–C. ♀, 8.0 mm. A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Gnathopod I. C. Gnathopod II. — D–G. ♂, 7.5 mm. D. Antenna II. E. Antenna II, calceolus (× 2800). F. Gnathopod I, setation omitted. G. Gnathopod II, setation omitted."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5567148"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5567148/files/figure.png"pageId="5"pageNumber="183">Figs 2A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitationid="13052A720504FFFFD5D5FDFC9DC0E124"box="[660,697,516,542]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="7.[189,231,1894,1920]"captionTargetBox="[216,1371,268,1848]"captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[212,1374,265,1856]"captionTargetPageId="7"captionText="Fig. 3. Gammarus koshovi (Bazikalova, 1946), DAS 16-013, ♀, 8.0 mm. A. Head.B. Antenna I.C.Antenna II. D. Mandible, right. E. Mandible, lacinia mobilis (× 600). F. Mandible, left (part.). G. Lower lip. H. Upper lip. I. Maxilla I, right. J. Maxilla I, outer plate (× 600). K. Palp of maxilla I, left. L. Maxilla II. M. Maxilliped."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5567150"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5567150/files/figure.png"pageId="5"pageNumber="183">3A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitationid="13052A720504FFFFD587FDFC9D94E124"box="[710,749,516,542]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="8.[189,233,1928,1954]"captionTargetBox="[213,1383,272,1881]"captionTargetId="figure-12@8.[202,1385,265,1890]"captionTargetPageId="8"captionText="Fig. 4. Gammarus koshovi (Bazikalova, 1946), DAS 16-013. A–E. ♀, 8.0 mm. A. Pereopod III. B. Pereopod IV. C. Pereopod V. D. Pereopod VI. E. Pereopod VII. — F–G. ♂, 7.5 mm. F. Uropod III. G. Telson. Black arrowheads indicate reduced carpi."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5567152"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5567152/files/figure.png"pageId="5"pageNumber="183">4G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitationid="13052A720504FFFFD5B9FDFC9C3AE125"box="[760,835,516,543]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="9.[189,233,1963,1989]"captionTargetBox="[195,1388,583,1908]"captionTargetId="figure-110@9.[189,1398,575,1923]"captionTargetPageId="9"captionText="Fig. 5. Gammarus koshovi (Bazikalova, 1946), DAS 16-013, ♀, 8.0 mm. A. Epimeral plates I–III. B. Urosoma, dorsal view.C–E. Pleopods I–III (part.). F. Uropod I. G. Uropod II. H. Uropod III. I. Telson."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5567154"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5567154/files/figure.png"pageId="5"pageNumber="183">5A–B</figureCitation>
). Body stout, clearly setose with minute setules. Head with inferior antennal sinus moderate, subrounded, eyes pigmented. Pleon armed with dorsal setae. Coxal plates I–IV broad, lateral margins strongly overlap neighboring plates, distal margins rounded, with 2 short setae each, coxae II–III tapering distally, coxa IV lobate; coxal plates V–VII broad (especially, plate V). Coxal gills II–VII stalked and saccular, coxal gill VII smallest. Oostegites II–V (brood plates) of gammarid shape, well developed, oblong, plates II–IV broad, plate V the smallest. Posterior margin of epimeral plates I and II convex, not produced, with 3 setules each, distoposterior corner of plate I small, slightly produced, ventral margin with cluster of setae distoanteriorly; distoposterior corner of plate II strongly produced, with 4 long setae distoanteriorly; plate III strongly produced, but less than plate II, only with 2 spines on ventral margin and 3 long setae distoanteriorly. Urosomites with mediodorsal elevations, armed with groups of 2 spines and 1–3 setae, spine formula I–III is: 2–2–2 // 2–2–2 // 2–0–2. Telson shorter than uropod III peduncle; its width 88% of length, completely cleft, lobes apically with 2–3 notched spines accompanied by 3 long setae, laterally 1 spine or seta.
<figureCitationid="13052A720504FFFFD610FC0C9ECDE734"box="[337,436,1012,1038]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="6.[189,232,1758,1784]"captionTargetBox="[202,1394,266,1709]"captionTargetId="figure-11@6.[189,1398,265,1719]"captionTargetPageId="6"captionText="Fig. 2. Gammarus koshovi (Bazikalova, 1946), DAS 16-013. A–C. ♀, 8.0 mm. A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Gnathopod I. C. Gnathopod II. — D–G. ♂, 7.5 mm. D. Antenna II. E. Antenna II, calceolus (× 2800). F. Gnathopod I, setation omitted. G. Gnathopod II, setation omitted."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5567148"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5567148/files/figure.png"pageId="5"pageNumber="183">Figs 2A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitationid="13052A720504FFFFD683FC0C9D72E734"box="[450,523,1012,1038]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="7.[189,231,1894,1920]"captionTargetBox="[216,1371,268,1848]"captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[212,1374,265,1856]"captionTargetPageId="7"captionText="Fig. 3. Gammarus koshovi (Bazikalova, 1946), DAS 16-013, ♀, 8.0 mm. A. Head.B. Antenna I.C.Antenna II. D. Mandible, right. E. Mandible, lacinia mobilis (× 600). F. Mandible, left (part.). G. Lower lip. H. Upper lip. I. Maxilla I, right. J. Maxilla I, outer plate (× 600). K. Palp of maxilla I, left. L. Maxilla II. M. Maxilliped."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5567150"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5567150/files/figure.png"pageId="5"pageNumber="183">3B–C</figureCitation>
). Antenna I 40% of body length, peduncle articles in relation 1:0.6:0.35, flagellum of 17 articles, which are approximately twice as long as wide; accessory flagellum of 2 articles (1 long + 1 reduced); peduncle articles with short setae on ventral face and apically, articles of main flagellum with short setae, each flagellar article bearing minute aesthetasc, shorter than setae. Antenna II 67% of antenna I length, peduncle articles (4–5) slightly longer than flagellum; peduncle articles 4–5 bearing rare long setae on ventral face and short setae in 10 clusters along their entire lengths; flagellum modestly equipped with short setae, no calceoli.
<figureCitationid="13052A720504FFFFD515FAF59DAEE61D"box="[596,727,1293,1319]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="7.[189,231,1894,1920]"captionTargetBox="[216,1371,268,1848]"captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[212,1374,265,1856]"captionTargetPageId="7"captionText="Fig. 3. Gammarus koshovi (Bazikalova, 1946), DAS 16-013, ♀, 8.0 mm. A. Head.B. Antenna I.C.Antenna II. D. Mandible, right. E. Mandible, lacinia mobilis (× 600). F. Mandible, left (part.). G. Lower lip. H. Upper lip. I. Maxilla I, right. J. Maxilla I, outer plate (× 600). K. Palp of maxilla I, left. L. Maxilla II. M. Maxilliped."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5567150"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5567150/files/figure.png"pageId="5"pageNumber="183">Fig. 3D–K</figureCitation>
). Mandibular palp with article 2 the longest, with 9 stiff setae, article 3 bearing 3 A-setae, 3 B-setae, 16 D-setae and 4 E-setae. Maxilla I asymmetric, palps broad, apically with ca 5 or 6 strong spines accompanied by thin setae; outer lobe with 12 subequal pectinate spines with ca 6 denticles each. Maxilla II inner plate with oblique row of 30 plumose setae on inner margin. Maxilliped basal endite (= inner plate) with 3 simple strong cuspidate spines on distal margin (+1 spine located subdistally); rest without peculiarities.
<figureCitationid="13052A720504FFFFD62FF9FA9E88E526"box="[366,497,1538,1565]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="6.[189,232,1758,1784]"captionTargetBox="[202,1394,266,1709]"captionTargetId="figure-11@6.[189,1398,265,1719]"captionTargetPageId="6"captionText="Fig. 2. Gammarus koshovi (Bazikalova, 1946), DAS 16-013. A–C. ♀, 8.0 mm. A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Gnathopod I. C. Gnathopod II. — D–G. ♂, 7.5 mm. D. Antenna II. E. Antenna II, calceolus (× 2800). F. Gnathopod I, setation omitted. G. Gnathopod II, setation omitted."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5567148"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5567148/files/figure.png"pageId="5"pageNumber="183">Fig. 2B–C</figureCitation>
). Gnathopod I basis stout with long simple setae on anterior and posterior margins; carpus (article 5) triangular, 0.7× as long as propodus; propodus ovate, palm oblique, straight with cutting margin developed (no spines on medial face) and armed with 4 distally notched spines at defining angle; posterior margin as long as palm, bearing 4 sets of moderate setae; dactylus with 1 seta on outer face. Gnathopod II larger than gnathopod I; basis stout with long simple setae on anterior and posterior margins; carpus (article 5) 0.73 × as long as propodus; propodus narrow, subrectangular, palm subtransverse, slightly concave, with cutting margin developed (spines on medial face lacking) and armed with 2 distally notched spines at defining angle; posterior margin twice as long as palm with ca 5 sets of setae; dactylus similar to that of gnathopod I.
<figureCitationid="13052A720504FFFFD617F89B9EA1E447"box="[342,472,1891,1917]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="8.[189,233,1928,1954]"captionTargetBox="[213,1383,272,1881]"captionTargetId="figure-12@8.[202,1385,265,1890]"captionTargetPageId="8"captionText="Fig. 4. Gammarus koshovi (Bazikalova, 1946), DAS 16-013. A–E. ♀, 8.0 mm. A. Pereopod III. B. Pereopod IV. C. Pereopod V. D. Pereopod VI. E. Pereopod VII. — F–G. ♂, 7.5 mm. F. Uropod III. G. Telson. Black arrowheads indicate reduced carpi."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5567152"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5567152/files/figure.png"pageId="5"pageNumber="183">Fig. 4A–E</figureCitation>
). Pereopods III–IV subsimilar, but pereopod III densely covered with sets of moderate (as long as article widths) setae along posterior margins of articles 4–6; carpi (articles 5) reduced, about 0.6 × as long as corresponding propodus, each with 1 set of very long setae apically. Pereopods V– VII strong, subsimilar, pereopod VI as long as pereopod VII; basipodites shortened, besides basipodite VII
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B060507FFFCD543F9269DAAE5C3"author="Bazikalova A. Ya."box="[514,723,1758,1785]"pageId="6"pageNumber="184"pagination="673 - 675"refId="ref7971"refString="Bazikalova A. Ya. 1946. Amphipods of Lake Kossogol. Doklady Akademiyi Nauk SSSR 53: 673 - 675. [In Russian.]"type="journal article"year="1946">Bazikalova, 1946</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B060506FFFDD6B4F89E9DB9E4BB"author="Bazikalova A. Ya."box="[501,704,1894,1921]"pageId="7"pageNumber="185"pagination="673 - 675"refId="ref7971"refString="Bazikalova A. Ya. 1946. Amphipods of Lake Kossogol. Doklady Akademiyi Nauk SSSR 53: 673 - 675. [In Russian.]"type="journal article"year="1946">Bazikalova, 1946</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B060509FFF2D55CF8709D83E499"author="Bazikalova A. Ya."box="[541,762,1928,1955]"pageId="8"pageNumber="186"pagination="673 - 675"refId="ref7971"refString="Bazikalova A. Ya. 1946. Amphipods of Lake Kossogol. Doklady Akademiyi Nauk SSSR 53: 673 - 675. [In Russian.]"type="journal article"year="1946">Bazikalova, 1946</bibRefCitation>
. Telson. Black arrowheads indicate reduced carpi.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraphid="8B8136F70508FFF3D7FCFEF19CC9E253"blockId="9.[188,1399,265,362]"pageId="9"pageNumber="187">with convex posterior margins, tapering distally, with 3 small spines and a tuft of setae along anterior and over 9 small setae along posterior margin; articles 4–5 with 4 or 5 pairs of paired spines along margins; dactylus ca 35% of propodus (article 6) length, with a short nail.</paragraph>
<figureCitationid="13052A720508FFF3D6A6FE699D1CE296"box="[487,613,401,428]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="9.[189,233,1963,1989]"captionTargetBox="[195,1388,583,1908]"captionTargetId="figure-110@9.[189,1398,575,1923]"captionTargetPageId="9"captionText="Fig. 5. Gammarus koshovi (Bazikalova, 1946), DAS 16-013, ♀, 8.0 mm. A. Epimeral plates I–III. B. Urosoma, dorsal view.C–E. Pleopods I–III (part.). F. Uropod I. G. Uropod II. H. Uropod III. I. Telson."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5567154"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5567154/files/figure.png"pageId="9"pageNumber="187">Fig. 5C–H</figureCitation>
). Pleopods ordinary, rami subequal in length, segmented with 12–14 articles and fringed with plumose setae; peduncle with groups of thin setae, each retinacula two-hooked, accompanied by 1–2 slender simple stiff setae. Uropods I–II peduncles approximately reaching the end of uropod III peduncle, uropod I rami slightly beyond end of uropod III; peduncles with ca 4 or 6 spines along edges, uropod I with 1 basofacial spine, with 1 or 2 single spines along rami, with 3 apical and 2 subapical spines. Uropod III peduncle with 1 facial spine and 4 stiff setae and ca 8 weak spine-setae on apical margin; endopodite (= inner ramus) comprises 90% of exopodite (= outer ramus) length, with cluster of 1 spine and very long setae apically; terminal article of exopodite long, with tuft of short setae apically; both rami with moderately dense marginal brushes with mix of relatively long simple and plumose setae.
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B060508FFF3D554F8539D96E4FC"author="Bazikalova A. Ya."box="[533,751,1963,1990]"pageId="9"pageNumber="187"pagination="673 - 675"refId="ref7971"refString="Bazikalova A. Ya. 1946. Amphipods of Lake Kossogol. Doklady Akademiyi Nauk SSSR 53: 673 - 675. [In Russian.]"type="journal article"year="1946">Bazikalova, 1946</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B06050BFFF0D305FD929A11E1BE"author="Lincoln R. J. & Hurley D. E."box="[1092,1384,618,644]"pageId="10"pageNumber="188"pagination="103 - 116"refId="ref10362"refString="Lincoln R. J. & Hurley D. E. 1981. The calceolus, a sensory structure of gammaridean amphipods (Amphipoda: Gammaridea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology 40: 103 - 116. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / part / 35964 [accessed 14 Sep. 2021]."type="journal article"year="1981">Lincoln & Hurley 1981</bibRefCitation>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraphid="8B8136F7050BFFF0D7FEFD769A38E1F6"blockId="10.[189,1398,546,716]"pageId="10"pageNumber="188">gnathopods subsimilar to those of female, but propodi heavily armed at defining angle, each palm bearing 1 mid-palmar spine; uropod III weakly fringed with setae; in all other characters similar to female.</paragraph>
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B06050BFFF0D6B3FC6C9DC6E095"author="Bazikalova A. Ya."box="[498,703,916,943]"pageId="10"pageNumber="188"pagination="673 - 675"refId="ref7971"refString="Bazikalova A. Ya. 1946. Amphipods of Lake Kossogol. Doklady Akademiyi Nauk SSSR 53: 673 - 675. [In Russian.]"type="journal article"year="1946">Bazikalova, 1946</bibRefCitation>
<figureCitationid="13052A72050BFFF0D785FC409E72E0E8"box="[196,267,952,978]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="3.[182,224,1616,1645]"captionTargetBox="[186,1926,545,1567]"captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[182,1936,533,1577]"captionTargetPageId="3"captionText="Fig. 1. Distribution map ofGammarus J.C. Fabricius, 1775 in Siberia.G. koshovi (Bazikalova, 1946) in Tore-Khol and Khubsugul Lakes (empty circles); balcanicus group (yellow squares); pulex group (filled circles) with G. lacustris G.O. Sars, 1863 (purple circles) coinciding with the entire Siberian part of the group’s range. A contour line overview (top right) shows principal study area. Each point may represent 1–3 closely adjacent localities (for further explanation, see text)."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5567146"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5567146/files/figure.png"pageId="10"pageNumber="188">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
) and was reported in several previous publications (see
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B06050BFFF0D4FDFC409BD7E0E8"author="Erbaeva E. A. & Safronov G. P. & Shoshin A. V. & Varykhanova K. V."box="[956,1198,952,978]"pageId="10"pageNumber="188"pagination="55 - 59"refId="ref8738"refString="Erbaeva E. A., Safronov G. P., Shoshin A. V. & Varykhanova K. V. 1990. Gammarids of the mountain lake Khubsugul (Mongolia). In: Khmeleva N. N., Golubev A. P., Sokolova N. Yu. & Roshchin V. E. (eds) Species in Area: Biology, Ecology, and Productivity of Water Invertebrates: 55 - 59. Belorussian Committee for the UNESCO program " Man and the Biosphere ", Navuka i Tekhnika, Minsk. [In Russian.]"type="book chapter"year="1990">
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B06050BFFF0D3FDFC409A08E0E8"author="Safronov G. P."box="[1212,1393,952,978]"pageId="10"pageNumber="188"pagination="201 - 216"refId="ref11320"refString="Safronov G. P. 2006. Chapter 13. Gammaridae of Lake Hovsgol. In: Goulden C. E., Sitnikova T., Gelhaus J. & Boldgiv B. (eds) The Geology, Biodiversity and Ecology of Lake Hovsgol (Mongolia): 201 - 216. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden."type="book chapter"year="2006">Safronov 2006</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B06050BFFF0D7FEFC249E1BE0CC"author="Dulmaa A."box="[191,354,988,1014]"pageId="10"pageNumber="188"pagination="553 - 555"refId="ref8553"refString="Dulmaa A. 2009. Chapter 1. State-of-the-art on the fauna of Lake Khubsugul and water bodies in Darkhatskaya depression. In: Timoshkin O. A. (ed.) Index of Animal Species Inhabiting Lake Baikal and its Catchment Area 2. Basins and Channels of in the South of East Siberia and North Mongolia 1: 553 - 555. Nauka, Novosibirsk."type="journal article"year="2009">Dulmaa 2009</bibRefCitation>
), which has now necessitated a comparative study of this species with that in the remote Tore-Khol population of the
was not deposited, which complicates detailed comparison. Furthermore, actual sampling of the Khubsugulian gammarids was not possible for correct comparisons.Although the original
vs that in the Tore-Khol population exhibit differences, their pattern and variability are not clear (
<tableCitationid="C6BC034C050BFFF0D646FB779E18E790"box="[263,353,1167,1194]"captionStart="Table 1"captionStartId="11.[189,260,265,291]"captionTargetBox="[197,1385,366,759]"captionTargetPageId="11"captionText="Table 1. Comparison of character differences of Gammarus koshovi (Bazikalova, 1946) from two lacustrine populations."httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF41667F050AFFF1D7FCFEF19EBEE27C"pageId="10"pageNumber="188"tableUuid="DF41667F050AFFF1D7FCFEF19EBEE27C">Table 1</tableCitation>
). Nevertheless, we consider these two forms to be closely related and belonging to the same lineage and united by the following: common fossorial morphotype (compact body, abbreviated antennae, spacious coxal plates, and strong, short pereopods with robust dactyli), presence of calceoli in antenna II of males, armament and gnathopod shape in both sexes, armament of urosomal segments, furnishing of pereopods, uropods, and telson.
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B06050BFFF0D5A3FAE79CC4E600"author="Bazikalova A. Ya."box="[738,957,1311,1338]"pageId="10"pageNumber="188"pagination="673 - 675"refId="ref7971"refString="Bazikalova A. Ya. 1946. Amphipods of Lake Kossogol. Doklady Akademiyi Nauk SSSR 53: 673 - 675. [In Russian.]"type="journal article"year="1946">Bazikalova (1946)</bibRefCitation>
ignored the morphology of the carpi of pereopods III and IV. Additionally, her indication that antenna I comprised 25% of the entire body length with the number of articles 11–12 (
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B06050BFFF0D4C1FA739B37E69F"author="Gurjanova E. F."box="[896,1102,1419,1445]"pageId="10"pageNumber="188"pagination="285 - 299"refId="ref9338"refString="Gurjanova E. F. 1930. Ueber die Fauna der Crustacea-Malacostraca der Jenissej-Mundungen. Russiche hydrobiologische Zeitschrift 8: 285 - 299. [In Russian.]"type="journal article"year="1930">Gurjanova (1930)</bibRefCitation>
described from Yenisey’s riffle (downstream of Krasnoyarsk) based on several juvenile specimens with well-developed marsupial plates.
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B06050BFFF0D653FA2A9E9EE6D7"author="Gurjanova E. F."box="[274,487,1490,1517]"pageId="10"pageNumber="188"pagination="285 - 299"refId="ref9338"refString="Gurjanova E. F. 1930. Ueber die Fauna der Crustacea-Malacostraca der Jenissej-Mundungen. Russiche hydrobiologische Zeitschrift 8: 285 - 299. [In Russian.]"type="journal article"year="1930">Gurjanova (1930)</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicNameid="4C3E4D74050BFFF0D3EBFA2B9E42E52B"authority="G. O. Sars, 1863"authorityName="G. O. Sars"authorityYear="1863"class="Malacostraca"family="Gammaridae"genus="Gammarus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Tanaidacea"pageId="10"pageNumber="188"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="lacustris">
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B06050BFFF0D7FEFA0E9E42E52B"author="Sars G. O."box="[191,315,1526,1553]"pageId="10"pageNumber="188"pagination="193 - 340"refId="ref11425"refString="Sars G. O. 1863. Beretning om en i Sommeren 1862 foretagen zoologisk Reise i Christianias og Trondhjems Stifter. Nyt Magazin for Naturvidenskaberne 12: 193 - 340."type="journal article"year="1863">Sars, 1863</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) from Karelia and the Polar Urals (see also
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B06050BFFF0D403FA0E9CA4E52B"author="Kessler K. F."box="[834,989,1526,1553]"pageId="10"pageNumber="188"pagination="77 - 101"refId="ref9856"refString="Kessler K. F. 1868. Sistematicheskoye obozreniye rakoobraznykh, sobrannykh v puteshestvii po Onezhskomu ozeru. In: Kessler K. F. (ed.) Materials for the Knowledge of Onega Lake and Obnezhsky Krai, Mainly in the Zoological Sense: 77 - 101. Printing house of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. - Petersburg."type="book chapter"year="1868">Kessler 1868</bibRefCitation>
) and found them sharply different. Among the Central Asian members of
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B06050BFFF0D459F9E29CADE50F"author="Martynov A. V."box="[792,980,1562,1589]"pageId="10"pageNumber="188"pagination="411 - 508"refId="ref10712"refString="Martynov A. V. 1935. Amphipoda Gammaridea of the running waters of Turkestan. Travaux de l'Institute Zoologique de l'Academie des Sciences de l'URSS 2: 411 - 508."type="journal article"year="1935">Martynov 1935</bibRefCitation>
, because of its small size, gravitates to a poorly distinguishable species from the springs of Turkestan, but the forms described by Martynov, despite their small size, still possess elongated antennae and not shortened pereopods, and are clearly distinguishable by their reduced eyes (see also
<taxonomicNameid="4C3E4D74050BFFF0D3B2F97E9DD4E5FE"authority="Sidorov, Hou & Sket, 2018"authorityName="Sidorov, Hou & Sket"authorityYear="2018"class="Malacostraca"family="Gammaridae"genus="Gammarus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Tanaidacea"pageId="10"pageNumber="188"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="parvioculatus">
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B06050BFFF0D626F9529DD4E5FE"author="Sidorov D. & Hou Z. & Sket B."box="[359,685,1706,1732]"pageId="10"pageNumber="188"pagination="437 - 461"refId="ref11802"refString="Sidorov D., Hou Z. & Sket B. 2018. Three new remarkable amphipod species (Crustacea: Gammaridae) from springs and subterranean waters of Central Asia. Zootaxa 4444 (4): 437 - 461. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4444.4.5"type="journal article"year="2018">
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B06050BFFF0D594F9529C85E5FE"author="Sidorov D. & Hou Z. & Sket B."box="[725,1020,1705,1732]"pageId="10"pageNumber="188"pagination="437 - 461"refId="ref11802"refString="Sidorov D., Hou Z. & Sket B. 2018. Three new remarkable amphipod species (Crustacea: Gammaridae) from springs and subterranean waters of Central Asia. Zootaxa 4444 (4): 437 - 461. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4444.4.5"type="journal article"year="2018">
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B06050BFFF0D3B5F9359F82E431"author="Zhao S. & Meng K. & Hou Z."pageId="10"pageNumber="188"pagination="195 - 215"refId="ref13073"refString="Zhao S., Meng K. & Hou Z. 2017. Two new Gammarus species and a new name (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Gammaridae) from Northwest China. Zootaxa 4273 (2): 195 - 215. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4273.2.3"type="journal article"year="2017">
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B06050BFFF0D646F9099EA3E431"author="Zheng Y. & Hou Z. & Li S."box="[263,474,1777,1803]"pageId="10"pageNumber="188"pagination="1485 - 1501"refId="ref13127"refString="Zheng Y., Hou Z. & Li S. 2020. Gammarus liuruiyui sp. nov. (Amphipoda, Gammaridae), a new blind species from Tian Shan, China. Crustaceana 93: 1485 - 1501. http: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 15685403 - 00003939"type="journal article"year="2020">
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B06050AFFF1D358FEF19B8BE21E"author="Bazikalova A. Ya."box="[1049,1266,265,292]"pageId="11"pageNumber="189"pagination="673 - 675"refId="ref7971"refString="Bazikalova A. Ya. 1946. Amphipods of Lake Kossogol. Doklady Akademiyi Nauk SSSR 53: 673 - 675. [In Russian.]"type="journal article"year="1946">Bazikalova, 1946</bibRefCitation>
<thid="76DF5DC9050A0005D784FE229D48E2C8"box="[197,561,474,498]"gridcol="0"gridrow="2"pageId="11"pageNumber="189">Antenna I, primary flagellum with</th>
<thid="76DF5DC9050A0005D784FDD49D48E15E"box="[197,561,556,612]"gridcol="0"gridrow="4"pageId="11"pageNumber="189">Pereopods V–VII, along posterior margins of basipodites</th>
<tdid="76DF5DC9050A0005D50FFDD49CE1E15E"box="[590,920,556,612]"gridcol="1"gridrow="4"pageId="11"pageNumber="189">from 5 to 9 setae</td>
<tdid="76DF5DC9050A0005D4EDFDD49A10E15E"box="[940,1385,556,612]"gridcol="2"gridrow="4"pageId="11"pageNumber="189">from 14 to 16 setae</td>
<tdid="76DF5DC9050A0005D50FFD8D9CE1E1F4"box="[590,920,629,718]"gridcol="1"gridrow="5"pageId="11"pageNumber="189">I (set of setae disto-anteriorly), II (setae disto-anteriorly), III (2 spines)</td>
<tdid="76DF5DC9050A0005D4EDFD8D9A10E1F4"box="[940,1385,629,718]"gridcol="2"gridrow="5"pageId="11"pageNumber="189">I (a row of setae along ventral margin), II (setae cover 2/3 along ventral margin), III (spines absent)</td>
Previously recorded from the area of Pupok Island in Khubsugul Lake (
<figureCitationid="13052A72050AFFF1D4AFFC949B49E0BC"box="[1006,1072,876,902]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="3.[182,224,1616,1645]"captionTargetBox="[186,1926,545,1567]"captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[182,1936,533,1577]"captionTargetPageId="3"captionText="Fig. 1. Distribution map ofGammarus J.C. Fabricius, 1775 in Siberia.G. koshovi (Bazikalova, 1946) in Tore-Khol and Khubsugul Lakes (empty circles); balcanicus group (yellow squares); pulex group (filled circles) with G. lacustris G.O. Sars, 1863 (purple circles) coinciding with the entire Siberian part of the group’s range. A contour line overview (top right) shows principal study area. Each point may represent 1–3 closely adjacent localities (for further explanation, see text)."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5567146"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5567146/files/figure.png"pageId="11"pageNumber="189">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), a burrower-like gammarid form that dwells on silty sand at a depth of
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B06050AFFF1D44EFC699CAFE096"author="Bazikalova A. Ya."box="[783,982,913,940]"pageId="11"pageNumber="189"pagination="673 - 675"refId="ref7971"refString="Bazikalova A. Ya. 1946. Amphipods of Lake Kossogol. Doklady Akademiyi Nauk SSSR 53: 673 - 675. [In Russian.]"type="journal article"year="1946">Bazikalova 1946</bibRefCitation>
). Details of its biology in Khubsugul are lacking (
<bibRefCitationid="EFAF4B06050AFFF1D608FC4E9E93E0EA"author="Dulmaa A."box="[329,490,950,976]"pageId="11"pageNumber="189"pagination="553 - 555"refId="ref8553"refString="Dulmaa A. 2009. Chapter 1. State-of-the-art on the fauna of Lake Khubsugul and water bodies in Darkhatskaya depression. In: Timoshkin O. A. (ed.) Index of Animal Species Inhabiting Lake Baikal and its Catchment Area 2. Basins and Channels of in the South of East Siberia and North Mongolia 1: 553 - 555. Nauka, Novosibirsk."type="journal article"year="2009">Dulmaa 2009</bibRefCitation>
), but for Bazikalova to rely on the ʻburrowing morphotypeʼ implies its fossorial behavior. We have no direct observations of the burrowing behavior of the species, except that the samples were collected by bottom grabs in the Tore-Khol on muddy bald patches devoid of vegetation.
