treatments-xml/data/03/82/87/038287E27E51FFDEFF13F8BD4B4B3A2B.xml

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<mods:title id="690D6F57886AA3E2425B01D61CE2B430">Revision of Trigonostomum Schmidt, 1852 (Platyhelminthes, Typhloplanoida, Trigonostomidae) with the description of seven new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7D31A9C69AA9526114410E95A636FBFC">Willems, Wim R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7A3A58C31A29382675AAAA577C3F9D74">Vermin, Wouter A.</mods:namePart>
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<heading id="D0DC81987E51FFDEFF13F8BD4CB83934" box="[225,675,1810,1834]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="293" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D777E51FFDEFF13F8BD4CB83934" authority="RIEDL, 1954" authorityName="RIEDL" authorityYear="1954" box="[225,675,1810,1834]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Typhloplanidae" genus="Marinellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="22" pageNumber="293" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lingulifera">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE67E51FFDEFF13F8BD4C163937" box="[225,525,1811,1834]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="293">MARINELLIA LINGULIFERA</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B057E51FFDEFDE7F8BC4CB83934" author="Riedl R" box="[533,675,1810,1834]" pageId="22" pageNumber="293" pagination="157 - 244" refId="ref19845" refString="Riedl R. 1954. Neue Turbellarien aus dem mediterranen Felslittoral. - Ergebnisse der ' Unterwasser Expedition AUSTRIA 1948 - 49 '. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere) 82: 157 - 244." type="journal article" year="1954">RIEDL, 1954</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8A10E57E51FFDEFF7CF8954C94394E" author="Riedl R" box="[142,655,1851,1873]" page="231" pageId="22" pageNumber="293" year="1954">
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<emphasis id="B95FEAE67E51FFDEFF7CF8954F97394E" box="[142,396,1851,1872]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="293">Marinellia lingulifera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B057E51FFDEFE65F8954C94394E" author="Riedl R" box="[407,655,1851,1873]" pageId="22" pageNumber="293" pagination="157 - 244" refId="ref19845" refString="Riedl R. 1954. Neue Turbellarien aus dem mediterranen Felslittoral. - Ergebnisse der ' Unterwasser Expedition AUSTRIA 1948 - 49 '. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere) 82: 157 - 244." type="journal article" year="1954">Riedl, 1954: 223–231</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 30– 32.
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<emphasis id="B95FEAE67E51FFDEFCD4FF6A4DA33EC7" box="[806,952,196,217]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="293">Distribution:</emphasis>
Mediterranean Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B057E51FFDEFB40FF6A4B233EC4" author="Riedl R" box="[1202,1336,196,218]" pageId="22" pageNumber="293" pagination="157 - 244" refId="ref19845" refString="Riedl R. 1954. Neue Turbellarien aus dem mediterranen Felslittoral. - Ergebnisse der ' Unterwasser Expedition AUSTRIA 1948 - 49 '. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere) 82: 157 - 244." type="journal article" year="1954">Riedl, 1954</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9436F47E51FFDEFCCDFF4D4B4B3A2B" blockId="22.[806,1422,196,1077]" pageId="22" pageNumber="293">
This species was considered by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B057E51FFDEFB5EFF4D4B233EE6" author="Riedl R" box="[1196,1336,226,249]" pageId="22" pageNumber="293" pagination="157 - 244" refId="ref19845" refString="Riedl R. 1954. Neue Turbellarien aus dem mediterranen Felslittoral. - Ergebnisse der ' Unterwasser Expedition AUSTRIA 1948 - 49 '. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere) 82: 157 - 244." type="journal article" year="1954">Riedl (1954)</bibRefCitation>
to be a close relative of 
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<emphasis id="B95FEAE67E51FFDEFC10FEAC4A8E3F09" box="[994,1173,258,279]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="293">Trigonostomum</emphasis>
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, mainly based on the presence of an antero-ventral invagination forming a kind of ‘proboscis’. Other features in which 
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<emphasis id="B95FEAE67E51FFDEFCD4FEF04DD83F6C" box="[806,963,349,371]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="293">M. lingulifera</emphasis>
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resembles 
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<emphasis id="B95FEAE67E51FFDEFBBFFEF04B1B3F6D" box="[1101,1280,350,371]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="293">Trigonostomum</emphasis>
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species are the pharynx, which is strongly inclined forwards and shows very strong external muscles and weak radial ones (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B057E51FFDEFC99FE174A323FD1" author="Riedl R" box="[875,1065,441,463]" pageId="22" pageNumber="293" pagination="157 - 244" refId="ref19845" refString="Riedl R. 1954. Neue Turbellarien aus dem mediterranen Felslittoral. - Ergebnisse der ' Unterwasser Expedition AUSTRIA 1948 - 49 '. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere) 82: 157 - 244." type="journal article" year="1954">Riedl, 1954: 227</bibRefCitation>
), the double connection in the female system (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B057E51FFDEFC29FE764A7A3FF0" author="Riedl R" box="[987,1121,472,494]" pageId="22" pageNumber="293" pagination="157 - 244" refId="ref19845" refString="Riedl R. 1954. Neue Turbellarien aus dem mediterranen Felslittoral. - Ergebnisse der ' Unterwasser Expedition AUSTRIA 1948 - 49 '. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere) 82: 157 - 244." type="journal article" year="1954">Riedl, 1954</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 31), the presence of a bursa (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B057E51FFDEFC84FE594DE03C12" author="Riedl R" box="[886,1019,502,525]" pageId="22" pageNumber="293" pagination="157 - 244" refId="ref19845" refString="Riedl R. 1954. Neue Turbellarien aus dem mediterranen Felslittoral. - Ergebnisse der ' Unterwasser Expedition AUSTRIA 1948 - 49 '. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere) 82: 157 - 244." type="journal article" year="1954">Riedl, 1954</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 31: rs) with a long and narrow bursal stalk, paired ovovitellaria and a bursal appendage that consists of two coiled tubes, fused at their base (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B057E51FFDEFC9AFDFD4A393C77" author="Riedl R" box="[872,1058,595,617]" pageId="22" pageNumber="293" pagination="157 - 244" refId="ref19845" refString="Riedl R. 1954. Neue Turbellarien aus dem mediterranen Felslittoral. - Ergebnisse der ' Unterwasser Expedition AUSTRIA 1948 - 49 '. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere) 82: 157 - 244." type="journal article" year="1954">Riedl, 1954: 225</bibRefCitation>
). Three other features of 
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<emphasis id="B95FEAE67E51FFDEFAB0FDFD4D643C98" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="293">M. lingulifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are not found in any 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D777E51FFDEFB89FDDC4B353C99" box="[1147,1326,626,647]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Trigonostomidae" genus="Trigonostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="22" pageNumber="293" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE67E51FFDEFB89FDDC4B353C99" box="[1147,1326,626,647]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="293">Trigonostomum</emphasis>
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species: the presence of a muscular tongue in front of the pharynx (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B057E51FFDEFC92FD014A483CDA" author="Riedl R" box="[864,1107,687,709]" pageId="22" pageNumber="293" pagination="157 - 244" refId="ref19845" refString="Riedl R. 1954. Neue Turbellarien aus dem mediterranen Felslittoral. - Ergebnisse der ' Unterwasser Expedition AUSTRIA 1948 - 49 '. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere) 82: 157 - 244." type="journal article" year="1954">Riedl, 1954: 227–228</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 31: z), a muscular septum connecting the invagination with the pharynx (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B057E51FFDEFCDFFD424DAC3D1C" author="Riedl R" box="[813,951,748,770]" pageId="22" pageNumber="293" pagination="157 - 244" refId="ref19845" refString="Riedl R. 1954. Neue Turbellarien aus dem mediterranen Felslittoral. - Ergebnisse der ' Unterwasser Expedition AUSTRIA 1948 - 49 '. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere) 82: 157 - 244." type="journal article" year="1954">Riedl, 1954</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 31: ms), and an unpaired seminal vesicle (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B057E51FFDEFC72FCA54A213D3F" author="Riedl R" box="[896,1082,779,801]" pageId="22" pageNumber="293" pagination="157 - 244" refId="ref19845" refString="Riedl R. 1954. Neue Turbellarien aus dem mediterranen Felslittoral. - Ergebnisse der ' Unterwasser Expedition AUSTRIA 1948 - 49 '. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere) 82: 157 - 244." type="journal article" year="1954">Riedl, 1954: 226</bibRefCitation>
). 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B057E51FFDEFBBEFCA54AA13D3F" author="Ax P" box="[1100,1210,779,801]" pageId="22" pageNumber="293" pagination="141 - 220" refId="ref18312" refString="Ax P. 1971. Zur Systematik und Phylogenie der Trigonostominae (Turbellaria, Neorhabdocoela). Mikrofauna des Meeresbodens 4: 141 - 220." type="journal article" year="1971">Ax (1971)</bibRefCitation>
considered 
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<emphasis id="B95FEAE67E51FFDEFAB0FCA54D643D20" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="293">M. lingulifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be the sister group of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D777E51FFDEFB26FC844B9C3D21" box="[1236,1415,810,831]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Trigonostomidae" genus="Trigonostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="22" pageNumber="293" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE67E51FFDEFB26FC844B9C3D21" box="[1236,1415,810,831]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="293">Trigonostomum</emphasis>
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, based only on the presence of the antero-ventral invagination. There is, however, no material of this species available and some of the observations, such as the unpaired seminal vesicle, the detailed structure of the copulatory organ and the invagination certainly need confirmation. In addition, the copulatory organ and the bursal appendage are insufficiently described and not even figured in the original description.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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