<documentid="E6FA26E7E28E8808574D7F2A903901EA"ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5338.1.1"ID-GBIF-Dataset="e7148a02-ac1a-4172-9071-606bd1e703fc"ID-ISSN="11755334"ID-Zenodo-Dep="8283738"ID-ZooBank="CAA37212-3008-43F4-98DE-94D7A3FFD3B6"IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana"IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana"IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe"IM.metadata_approvedBy="karina"IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana"IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe"IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="juliana"IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana"checkinTime="1692955869775"checkinUser="plazi"docAuthor="Mu, Yannan & Zhang, Feng"docDate="2023"docId="364E87DE8625FFD25AA6FA79DADD2732"docLanguage="en"docName="zootaxa.5338.1.1.pdf"docOrigin="Zootaxa 5338 (1)"docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5338.1.1"docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph"docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1"docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph"docStyleVersion="4"docTitle="Punctus maoxian, sp. nov."docType="treatment"docVersion="7"lastPageNumber="92"masterDocId="CA77FFA68673FF895A31FFEBD84D203E"masterDocTitle="Further additions to the guardstone spider fauna from China (Araneae: Phrurolithidae)"masterLastPageNumber="104"masterPageNumber="1"pageNumber="87"updateTime="1720090975140"updateUser="ExternalLinkService"zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:affiliationid="D14F5708FF56640DC9DF3257636E4265">The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, Institute of Life Science and Green Developed, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, P. R. China & 15188605531 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2504 - 673 X</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="712B864E17FEFDA18F4F3C6CA32859F6">The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, Institute of Life Science and Green Developed, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, P. R. China</mods:affiliation>
<taxonomicNameid="79E74D4B8625FFDF5AA6FA79D9212595"ID-CoL="C893V"authority="Mu & Zhang, 2023"box="[151,364,1425,1452]"class="Arachnida"family="Phrurolithidae"genus="Punctus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Araneae"pageId="86"pageNumber="87"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="maoxian"status="sp. nov.">
<figureCitationid="26DC2A4D8625FFDF5AA6FA5ED95925F1"box="[151,276,1461,1487]"captionStart-0="FIGURE 74"captionStart-1="FIGURE 75"captionStart-2="FIGURE 76"captionStart-3="FIGURE 77"captionStart-4="FIGURE 78"captionStartId-0="87.[151,250,1943,1967]"captionStartId-1="88.[151,250,1943,1967]"captionStartId-2="89.[151,250,1095,1119]"captionStartId-3="90.[151,250,1943,1967]"captionStartId-4="91.[151,250,1384,1408]"captionTargetBox-0="[218,1369,194,1919]"captionTargetBox-1="[177,1411,181,1919]"captionTargetBox-2="[160,1431,184,1071]"captionTargetBox-3="[183,1404,181,1903]"captionTargetBox-4="[156,1435,196,1354]"captionTargetId-0="figure-17@87.[218,1369,181,1919]"captionTargetId-1="figure-21@88.[177,1411,181,1919]"captionTargetId-2="figure-17@89.[151,1436,181,1071]"captionTargetId-3="figure-21@90.[183,1404,181,1920]"captionTargetId-4="figure-17@91.[151,1435,181,1360]"captionTargetPageId-0="87"captionTargetPageId-1="88"captionTargetPageId-2="89"captionTargetPageId-3="90"captionTargetPageId-4="91"captionText-0="FIGURE 74. Habitus of Punctus maoxian sp. nov.: A. Male holotype, dorsal view; B. Same, ventral view; C. Female paratype, dorsal view; D. Same, ventral view."captionText-1="FIGURE 75. Iridescent scales of Punctus maoxian sp. nov.: A. Male, carapace, dorsal view; B. Same, abdomen, dorsal view; C. Female, carapace, dorsal view; D. Same, abdomen, dorsal view."captionText-2="FIGURE 76. Male left palp of Punctus maoxian sp. nov.: A. Prolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Retrolateral view; D. Dorsal view; E. Retro-dorsal view; F. Femur, prolateral view; G. Same, retrolateraal view.Abbreviations: E—embolus; C—conductor; DTA—dorsal tibial apophysis; FA—femoral apophysis; RvTA—retroventral tibial apophysis; SD—sperm duct."captionText-3="FIGURE 77. Epigyne of Punctus maoxian sp. nov.: A. Ventral view; B. Dorsal view.Abbreviations: B—bursa; CO—copulatory opening; CD—copulatory duct; FD—fertilization duct; S—spermathecae."captionText-4="FIGURE 78. Copulatory organs of Punctus maoxian sp. nov.: A. Male left palp, ventral view; B. Same, retrolateral view; C. Same, dorsal view; D. Same, retro-dorsal view; E. Epigyne, ventral view; F. Same, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm."figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283981"figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283983"figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283985"figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283987"figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283989"httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8283981/files/figure.png"httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8283983/files/figure.png"httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/8283985/files/figure.png"httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/8283987/files/figure.png"httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/8283989/files/figure.png"pageId="86"pageNumber="87">Figs 74–78</figureCitation>
<collectingDateid="DA1DE9E08625FFDF5EFCF9CADD2A2602"box="[1229,1383,1569,1596]"pageId="86"pageNumber="87"value="2015-05-26">26 May 2015</collectingDate>
in having a similarly shaped embolus, but can be recognized by: 1) the thin retroventral tibial apophysis, tapering from the base to the tip, with a smooth prolateral margin and bifurcated tip (vs retroventral tibial apophysis wide, with a triangular apophysis on the prolateral margin, and wide, not bifurcate tip, compare
<figureCitationid="26DC2A4D8625FFDF580FF8F6DA8F2709"box="[574,706,1821,1847]"captionStart="FIGURE 76"captionStartId="89.[151,250,1095,1119]"captionTargetBox="[160,1431,184,1071]"captionTargetId="figure-17@89.[151,1436,181,1071]"captionTargetPageId="89"captionText="FIGURE 76. Male left palp of Punctus maoxian sp. nov.: A. Prolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Retrolateral view; D. Dorsal view; E. Retro-dorsal view; F. Femur, prolateral view; G. Same, retrolateraal view.Abbreviations: E—embolus; C—conductor; DTA—dorsal tibial apophysis; FA—femoral apophysis; RvTA—retroventral tibial apophysis; SD—sperm duct."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283985"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8283985/files/figure.png"pageId="86"pageNumber="87">Fig. 76B–C</figureCitation>
with
<figureCitationid="26DC2A4D8625FFDF5937F8F6DBC22709"box="[774,911,1821,1847]"captionStart="FIGURE 71"captionStartId="84.[151,249,1575,1599]"captionTargetBox="[151,1436,186,1544]"captionTargetId="figure-21@84.[151,1436,181,1552]"captionTargetPageId="84"captionText="FIGURE 71. Male left palp of Punctus taibai sp. nov.: A. Prolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Retrolateral view; D. Dorsal view; E. Retro-dorsal view; F. Femur, prolateral view; G. Same, retrolateraal view; H. Same, ventral view.Abbreviations: E—embolus; C—conductor; DTA—dorsal tibial apophysis; FA—femoral apophysis; SD—sperm duct; RvTA—retroventral tibial apophysis."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283975"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8283975/files/figure.png"pageId="86"pageNumber="87">Fig. 71B–C</figureCitation>
), 2) the short dorsal tibial apophysis (vs long, compare
<figureCitationid="26DC2A4D8625FFDF5B33F8AAD92B2765"box="[258,358,1857,1883]"captionStart="FIGURE 76"captionStartId="89.[151,250,1095,1119]"captionTargetBox="[160,1431,184,1071]"captionTargetId="figure-17@89.[151,1436,181,1071]"captionTargetPageId="89"captionText="FIGURE 76. Male left palp of Punctus maoxian sp. nov.: A. Prolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Retrolateral view; D. Dorsal view; E. Retro-dorsal view; F. Femur, prolateral view; G. Same, retrolateraal view.Abbreviations: E—embolus; C—conductor; DTA—dorsal tibial apophysis; FA—femoral apophysis; RvTA—retroventral tibial apophysis; SD—sperm duct."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283985"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8283985/files/figure.png"pageId="86"pageNumber="87">Fig. 76E</figureCitation>
with
<figureCitationid="26DC2A4D8625FFDF5B9CF8AADA752765"box="[429,568,1857,1883]"captionStart="FIGURE 71"captionStartId="84.[151,249,1575,1599]"captionTargetBox="[151,1436,186,1544]"captionTargetId="figure-21@84.[151,1436,181,1552]"captionTargetPageId="84"captionText="FIGURE 71. Male left palp of Punctus taibai sp. nov.: A. Prolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Retrolateral view; D. Dorsal view; E. Retro-dorsal view; F. Femur, prolateral view; G. Same, retrolateraal view; H. Same, ventral view.Abbreviations: E—embolus; C—conductor; DTA—dorsal tibial apophysis; FA—femoral apophysis; SD—sperm duct; RvTA—retroventral tibial apophysis."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283975"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8283975/files/figure.png"pageId="86"pageNumber="87">Fig. 71C, E</figureCitation>
), 3) the arc-shaped tegular apophysis (vs blunt triangular-shaped, compare
<figureCitationid="26DC2A4D8625FFDF5AA6F88ED8B72741"box="[151,250,1893,1919]"captionStart="FIGURE 76"captionStartId="89.[151,250,1095,1119]"captionTargetBox="[160,1431,184,1071]"captionTargetId="figure-17@89.[151,1436,181,1071]"captionTargetPageId="89"captionText="FIGURE 76. Male left palp of Punctus maoxian sp. nov.: A. Prolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Retrolateral view; D. Dorsal view; E. Retro-dorsal view; F. Femur, prolateral view; G. Same, retrolateraal view.Abbreviations: E—embolus; C—conductor; DTA—dorsal tibial apophysis; FA—femoral apophysis; RvTA—retroventral tibial apophysis; SD—sperm duct."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283985"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8283985/files/figure.png"pageId="86"pageNumber="87">Fig. 76B</figureCitation>
with
<figureCitationid="26DC2A4D8625FFDF5B0BF88ED9D22741"box="[314,415,1893,1919]"captionStart="FIGURE 71"captionStartId="84.[151,249,1575,1599]"captionTargetBox="[151,1436,186,1544]"captionTargetId="figure-21@84.[151,1436,181,1552]"captionTargetPageId="84"captionText="FIGURE 71. Male left palp of Punctus taibai sp. nov.: A. Prolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Retrolateral view; D. Dorsal view; E. Retro-dorsal view; F. Femur, prolateral view; G. Same, retrolateraal view; H. Same, ventral view.Abbreviations: E—embolus; C—conductor; DTA—dorsal tibial apophysis; FA—femoral apophysis; SD—sperm duct; RvTA—retroventral tibial apophysis."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283975"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8283975/files/figure.png"pageId="86"pageNumber="87">Fig. 71B</figureCitation>
), 4) copulatory openings concealed in anterior margins of concavities (vs directed mesally, towards each other, compare
<figureCitationid="26DC2A4D8625FFDF5BD8F862DA03279A"box="[489,590,1929,1956]"captionStart="FIGURE 77"captionStartId="90.[151,250,1943,1967]"captionTargetBox="[183,1404,181,1903]"captionTargetId="figure-21@90.[183,1404,181,1920]"captionTargetPageId="90"captionText="FIGURE 77. Epigyne of Punctus maoxian sp. nov.: A. Ventral view; B. Dorsal view.Abbreviations: B—bursa; CO—copulatory opening; CD—copulatory duct; FD—fertilization duct; S—spermathecae."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283987"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8283987/files/figure.png"pageId="86"pageNumber="87">Fig. 77A</figureCitation>
with
<figureCitationid="26DC2A4D8625FFDF58A3F862DAB1279D"box="[658,764,1929,1955]"captionStart="FIGURE 72"captionStartId="85.[151,250,1718,1742]"captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1677]"captionTargetId="figure-17@85.[151,1436,181,1693]"captionTargetPageId="85"captionText="FIGURE 72. Epigyne of Punctus taibai sp. nov.: A. Ventral view; B. Dorsal view. Abbreviations: B—bursa; CO—copulatory opening; CD—copulatory duct; CT—connecting tube; FD—fertilization duct; S—spermathecae."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283977"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8283977/files/figure.png"pageId="86"pageNumber="87">Fig. 72A</figureCitation>
), 5) the oval bursa (vs round, compare
<figureCitationid="26DC2A4D8625FFDF5EF7F862DD66279A"box="[1222,1323,1929,1956]"captionStart="FIGURE 77"captionStartId="90.[151,250,1943,1967]"captionTargetBox="[183,1404,181,1903]"captionTargetId="figure-21@90.[183,1404,181,1920]"captionTargetPageId="90"captionText="FIGURE 77. Epigyne of Punctus maoxian sp. nov.: A. Ventral view; B. Dorsal view.Abbreviations: B—bursa; CO—copulatory opening; CD—copulatory duct; FD—fertilization duct; S—spermathecae."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283987"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8283987/files/figure.png"pageId="86"pageNumber="87">Fig. 77B</figureCitation>
with
<figureCitationid="26DC2A4D8625FFDF5F41F862D88727F9"captionStart="FIGURE 72"captionStartId="85.[151,250,1718,1742]"captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1677]"captionTargetId="figure-17@85.[151,1436,181,1693]"captionTargetPageId="85"captionText="FIGURE 72. Epigyne of Punctus taibai sp. nov.: A. Ventral view; B. Dorsal view. Abbreviations: B—bursa; CO—copulatory opening; CD—copulatory duct; CT—connecting tube; FD—fertilization duct; S—spermathecae."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283977"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8283977/files/figure.png"pageId="86"pageNumber="87">Fig. 72B</figureCitation>
Coloration. Carapace brown, oval, with several markings resembling flowing water droplets beside fovea and sparse iridescent scales in dorsal view. Abdomen darker in color than carapace, with large dorsal scutum covering nearly entire abdomen and sparse iridescent scales dorsally (
<figureCitationid="26DC2A4D862AFFD05973F9D6DB862669"box="[834,971,1597,1623]"captionStart="FIGURE 74"captionStartId="87.[151,250,1943,1967]"captionTargetBox="[218,1369,194,1919]"captionTargetId="figure-17@87.[218,1369,181,1919]"captionTargetPageId="87"captionText="FIGURE 74. Habitus of Punctus maoxian sp. nov.: A. Male holotype, dorsal view; B. Same, ventral view; C. Female paratype, dorsal view; D. Same, ventral view."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283981"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8283981/files/figure.png"pageId="89"pageNumber="90">Fig. 74A, B</figureCitation>
). Legs yellow to black; all tibia tips with nearly white annuli.
<figureCitationid="26DC2A4D862AFFD05B0EF96ED9DA26A1"box="[319,407,1669,1695]"captionStart="FIGURE 76"captionStartId="89.[151,250,1095,1119]"captionTargetBox="[160,1431,184,1071]"captionTargetId="figure-17@89.[151,1436,181,1071]"captionTargetPageId="89"captionText="FIGURE 76. Male left palp of Punctus maoxian sp. nov.: A. Prolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Retrolateral view; D. Dorsal view; E. Retro-dorsal view; F. Femur, prolateral view; G. Same, retrolateraal view.Abbreviations: E—embolus; C—conductor; DTA—dorsal tibial apophysis; FA—femoral apophysis; RvTA—retroventral tibial apophysis; SD—sperm duct."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283985"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8283985/files/figure.png"pageId="89"pageNumber="90">Figs 76</figureCitation>
, 88A–D. Femoral apophysis protruding, with several setae, near tip of femur. Retroventral tibial apophysis wide, tapering from base to tip, tip bifurcated, short branch triangular; dorsal tibial apophysis short, strong, tapering from base to tip. Tegulum narrower than cymbium, oval; tegular apophysis small, arc-shaped. Sperm duct distinct, covering more than half length of tegulum, tapering from retrolateral side of tegulum to embolus. Embolus short, slanting posteriorly. Conductor thin, transparent.
/AME 1.86. Labium 0.13 long, 0.21 wide. Sternum 0.84 long, 0.74 wide. Leg measurements: Ⅰ 4.54 (1.19, 0.49, 1.21, 1.05, 0.60), II 3.82 (1.03, 0.46, 0.87, 0.87, 0.59), III 3.37 (0.89, 0.42, 0.68, 0.84, 0.54), IV 5.15 (1.34, 0.50, 1.22, 1.35, 0.74). Spination: femora I–IV d 1, femur I pl 1, tibia Ⅰ pv 6 rv 6, tibia II pv 6 rv 4, metatarsus Ⅰ pv 4 rv 3, tibia II pv 4 rv 2. Other characters as in male, except dorsal scutum absent (
<figureCitationid="26DC2A4D8628FFD258E8F9D5DB2E2666"box="[729,867,1598,1624]"captionStart="FIGURE 74"captionStartId="87.[151,250,1943,1967]"captionTargetBox="[218,1369,194,1919]"captionTargetId="figure-17@87.[218,1369,181,1919]"captionTargetPageId="87"captionText="FIGURE 74. Habitus of Punctus maoxian sp. nov.: A. Male holotype, dorsal view; B. Same, ventral view; C. Female paratype, dorsal view; D. Same, ventral view."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283981"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8283981/files/figure.png"pageId="91"pageNumber="92">Fig. 74C, D</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="26DC2A4D8628FFD25BC1F989DA702642"box="[496,573,1634,1660]"captionStart="FIGURE 78"captionStartId="91.[151,250,1384,1408]"captionTargetBox="[156,1435,196,1354]"captionTargetId="figure-17@91.[151,1435,181,1360]"captionTargetPageId="91"captionText="FIGURE 78. Copulatory organs of Punctus maoxian sp. nov.: A. Male left palp, ventral view; B. Same, retrolateral view; C. Same, dorsal view; D. Same, retro-dorsal view; E. Epigyne, ventral view; F. Same, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8283989"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8283989/files/figure.png"pageId="91"pageNumber="92">78E–F</figureCitation>
. Epigynal plate sclerotized. Copulatory openings large, anterior margin sclerotized, towards posteriorly, located at middle of plate. Copulatory ducts and connecting tubes short. Bursa oval, at middle of plate. Spermathecae small, globular, close to each other. Fertilization ducts located at anterior margin of spermathecae.