591 lines
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591 lines
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<mods:title id="8BC3FA4645628F16E2D924CB86705A37">Taxonomic history and invasion biology of two Phyllonorycter leaf miners (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) with links to taxonomic and molecular datasets</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AD4CE3A31FC2289F793078E1C041EA70">Prins, Jurate De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="28E8ED7C534C41BFEEEE3E4EBD3836B8">Prins, Willy De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9D494A17B49375B2050E649514B5BCC4">Coninck, Eliane De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B171364542F8AAA5A0526E0F2C6C1C94">Kawahara, Akito Y.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B3A91270CDEFBAD02551CF97AFCEF92C">Milton, Megan A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9973C89E633CB28B45886D30606BBE53">Hebert, Paul D. N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E077FF83063B236CBD6DB3B7BF50CB4A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03FA878FFFE2FFBCBC82BF45FD74FAD1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5614624" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119579413" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5614624" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FA878FFFE2FFBCBC82BF45FD74FAD1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA878FFFE2FFBCBC82BF45FD74FAD1" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="351" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
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<subSubSection id="C3496512FFE2FFB5BC82BF45FE2EFCDD" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE2FFB5BC82BF45FD36FCFC" blockId="3.[151,654,823,883]" box="[151,654,823,850]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
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<heading id="D0A481F5FFE2FFB5BC82BF45FD36FCFC" bold="true" box="[151,654,823,850]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE2FFB5BC82BF45FD36FCFC" ID-CoL="77G4N" authority="Hubner, 1805" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1805" box="[151,654,823,850]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
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<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE2FFB5BC82BF45FD36FCFC" bold="true" box="[151,654,823,850]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
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<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE2FFB5BC82BF45FE73FCFF" bold="true" box="[151,459,823,849]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Phyllonorycter mespilella</emphasis>
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(Hübner, 1805)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE2FFB5BC82BF28FE2EFCDD" blockId="3.[151,654,823,883]" box="[151,406,858,883]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">(Figs 1–33, 38, 40, 41)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3496512FFE2FFB2BC82BFD1FF7EFC7A" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="345" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE2FFB5BC82BFD1FDE6FC58" blockId="3.[151,1435,930,1014]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
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<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE2FFB5BC82BFD1FEF8FC16" box="[151,320,930,952]" class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Tinea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
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<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE2FFB5BC82BFD1FEF8FC16" box="[151,320,930,952]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Tinea mespilella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—Hübner J.
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<date id="FFED1059FFE2FFB5BDDDBFD0FD86FC16" box="[456,574,930,952]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" value="1796" valueMax="1838">1796–1838</date>
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: pl. 39, fig. 272 (for a list of citations see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC24B68FFE2FFB5B810BFD0FB5BFC16" author="Triberti" box="[1029,1251,930,952]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" refString="Triberti, P. (2007 a) The Phyllonorycter species from Palaearctic Region feeding on Rosaceae (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, 31, 147 - 221." type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="a">Triberti (2007a: 176)</bibRefCitation>
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. Ty pe locality: [
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<collectingCountry id="F3447609FFE2FFB5BCD8BFB3FE8BFC79" box="[205,307,961,983]" name="Germany" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Germany</collectingCountry>
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].
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<typeStatus id="54E8883BFFE2FFB5BD56BFB0FECDFC79" box="[323,373,962,983]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Type</typeStatus>
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specimens of this species are missing. For full synonymy, see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC24B68FFE2FFB5BFE1BFB3FB42FC79" author="Landry" box="[1012,1274,961,983]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" refString="Landry, J. - F. & Wagner, D. L. (1995) Taxonomic review of apple-feeding species of Phyllonorycter Hubner (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) in North America. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 97, 603 - 625." type="journal article" year="1995">Landry & Wagner (1995)</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC24B68FFE2FFB5B911BFB0FE87FC58" author="De" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" refString="De Prins, W. & De Prins, J. (2005) Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera). In: Landry, B. (Ed.), World catalogue of insects. Vol. 6. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 502 pp." type="book" year="2005">De Prins & De Prins (2005</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC24B68FFE2FFB5BD5CBF92FEC5FC58" author="Prins" box="[329,381,992,1014]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" refString="De Prins, J. & De Prins, W. (2006 - 2013) Global taxonomic database of Gracillariidae. Royal Museum for Central Africa & Belgian Biodiversity Platform. Available from: http: // www. gracillariidae. net / (Accessed 14 June 2013)" type="book" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
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) and
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC24B68FFE2FFB5BDA0BF92FDE1FC58" author="Triberti" box="[437,601,992,1014]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" refString="Triberti, P. (2007 a) The Phyllonorycter species from Palaearctic Region feeding on Rosaceae (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, 31, 147 - 221." type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="a">Triberti (2007a)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE2FFB5BC82B850FAE5FB2C" blockId="3.[151,1436,1058,1155]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
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<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE2FFB5BC82B850FE65FB95" bold="true" box="[151,477,1058,1083]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
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Designation of the
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<typeStatus id="54E8883BFFE2FFB5BD6DB850FE60FB95" box="[376,472,1058,1083]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC24B68FFE2FFB5BDF1B851FCA9FB95" author="Horn" box="[484,785,1058,1083]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" refString="Horn, W. & Kahle, I. (1935) Uber entomologische Sammlungen, Entomologen & Entomo-Museologie. Entomologische Beihefte, Band 2, i - vi, 1 - 160." type="book chapter" year="1935">Horn & Kahle (1935: 119)</bibRefCitation>
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provided the last information on the location for the
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<typeStatus id="54E8883BFFE2FFB5B97EB851FA23FB95" box="[1387,1435,1059,1083]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">type</typeStatus>
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specimens in the Hübner collection as: “Hübner, Jacob (
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<date id="FFED1059FFE2FFB5BF37B834FC1DFBF1" box="[802,933,1094,1119]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" value="1761" valueMax="1826">1761–1826</date>
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), Lepidopt.-
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<typeStatus id="54E8883BFFE2FFB5B83BB834FBCEFBF1" box="[1070,1142,1094,1119]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Typen</typeStatus>
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via V. A. v. Mazzola, an Naturhist. Mus., Wien.” However, this
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<typeStatus id="54E8883BFFE2FFB5BE58B819FDC5FB2D" box="[589,637,1131,1155]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">type</typeStatus>
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material was apparently destroyed during the Second World War.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE2FFB5BC82B8C0FC03FB65" blockId="3.[151,955,1202,1227]" box="[151,955,1202,1227]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
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The following issues were considered in the designation of the
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<typeStatus id="54E8883BFFE2FFB5BF4FB8C1FC0FFB65" box="[858,951,1203,1227]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE2FFB5BC82B888FE52FAD1" blockId="3.[151,1436,1274,1911]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
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i) since no
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<typeStatus id="54E8883BFFE2FFB5BD27B889FE31FABD" box="[306,393,1275,1299]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
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survives from the Jacob Hübner collection and no name-bearing
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<typeStatus id="54E8883BFFE2FFB5B899B889FB04FABD" box="[1164,1212,1275,1299]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">type</typeStatus>
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specimen of
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<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE2FFB5B948B88EFE61FA99" authority="Hubner, 1805" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1805" class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Tinea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
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<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE2FFB5B948B88EFE80FA99" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Tinea mespilella</emphasis>
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Hübner, 1805
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</taxonomicName>
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is believed to be extant, we assign as
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<typeStatus id="54E8883BFFE2FFB5BF9CB96DFC5AFA99" box="[905,994,1311,1335]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
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(ICZN, Recommendation 75A) a male topotypic specimen, in good condition, studied, illustrated and identified as
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<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE2FFB5B803B930FEBEFAD1" ID-CoL="77G4N" authority="Hubner 1805" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1805" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
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<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE2FFB5B803B930FA8FFAF5" box="[1046,1335,1346,1371]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Phyllonorycter mespilella</emphasis>
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(Hübner 1805)
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC24B68FFE2FFB5BD25B914FE5EFAD1" author="Triberti" box="[304,486,1382,1407]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" refString="Triberti, P. (2007 a) The Phyllonorycter species from Palaearctic Region feeding on Rosaceae (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, 31, 147 - 221." type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="a">Triberti (2007a)</bibRefCitation>
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;
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE2FFB5BC82B9F8FD5EF9A1" blockId="3.[151,1436,1274,1911]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
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ii) the revisionary study on the Palaearctic Rosaceae-feeding
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|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE2FFB5BF96B9F8FB93FA0D" ID-CoL="8V6G7" box="[899,1067,1418,1443]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE2FFB5BF96B9F8FB93FA0D" box="[899,1067,1418,1443]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Phyllonorycter</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
conducted by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24B68FFE2FFB5B8F6B9F8FA24FA0D" author="Triberti" box="[1251,1436,1418,1443]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" refString="Triberti, P. (2007 a) The Phyllonorycter species from Palaearctic Region feeding on Rosaceae (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, 31, 147 - 221." type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="a">Triberti (2007a)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
revealed a complex of 17 very similar species belonging to the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE2FFB5BFA8B9DCFBF3FA69" ID-CoL="77G5T" box="[957,1099,1454,1479]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blancardella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE2FFB5BFA8B9DCFBF3FA69" box="[957,1099,1454,1479]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">blancardella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group showing considerable intraspecific variability. As a result, the designation of a
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54E8883BFFE2FFB5BF5AB9A1FC10FA45" box="[847,936,1491,1515]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
is critical to objectively define the nominal taxon
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE2FFB5BD1FB984FD59F9A1" ID-CoL="77G4N" authority="Hubner, 1805" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1805" box="[266,737,1526,1551]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE2FFB5BD1FB984FD94F9A1" box="[266,556,1526,1551]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Phyllonorycter mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Hübner, 1805)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE2FFB5BC82BA68FAD2F9F9" blockId="3.[151,1436,1274,1911]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
|
|||
|
|
iii) the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54E8883BFFE2FFB5BCE5BA69FEF1F99D" box="[240,329,1563,1587]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE2FFB5BD7BBA6EFD7EF99D" authority="Hubner, 1805" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1805" box="[366,710,1562,1587]" class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Tinea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE2FFB5BD7BBA6EFD9EF99D" box="[366,550,1562,1587]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Tinea mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Hübner, 1805
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is designated with the express purpose of clarifying the status of this taxon, an important matter because this species is a potential pest in subtropical and tropical orchards;
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE2FFB5BC82BA10FB0FF949" blockId="3.[151,1436,1274,1911]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
|
|||
|
|
iv) following the recommendation of the ICZN 76A, the collection locality for the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54E8883BFFE2FFB5B82CBA11FB2AF9D5" box="[1081,1170,1635,1659]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
is in southern
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3447609FFE2FFB5B921BA11FA24F9D5" box="[1332,1436,1635,1659]" name="Germany" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
in close proximity to the location where the original
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54E8883BFFE2FFB5BF30BAF5FCEDF931" box="[805,853,1671,1695]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
series was collected. The specimen chosen for the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54E8883BFFE2FFB5BCD0BAD9FEA6F96D" box="[197,286,1707,1731]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
was reared from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE2FFB5BDF5BAD8FD58F96C" authority="Pers." authorityName="Pers." box="[480,736,1706,1731]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Cydonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rosales" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE2FFB5BDF5BAD8FD1AF96D" box="[480,674,1706,1731]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Cydonia vulgaris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3447609FFE2FFB5BEBDBAD9FD64F96C" box="[680,732,1707,1730]" name="Iran" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Pers</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
which is a synonym of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE2FFB5BFFCBAD8FAD7F96D" authority="Mill." authorityName="Mill." box="[1001,1391,1706,1731]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Cydonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rosales" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblonga">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE2FFB5BFFCBAD8FB13F96D" box="[1001,1195,1706,1731]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Cydonia oblonga</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Mill. (Rosaceae)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, the main host plant for
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE2FFB5BDB5BABDFD88F949" box="[416,560,1742,1767]" class="Insecta" family="Tineidae" genus="Tinea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE2FFB5BDB5BABDFD88F949" box="[416,560,1742,1767]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">P. mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24B68FFE2FFB5BE2BBABDFCDFF949" author="De" box="[574,871,1742,1767]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" refString="De Prins, W. & De Prins, J. (2005) Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera). In: Landry, B. (Ed.), World catalogue of insects. Vol. 6. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 502 pp." type="book" year="2005">De Prins & De Prins 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24B68FFE2FFB5BF67BABDFC15F949" author="Prins" box="[882,941,1743,1767]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" refString="De Prins, J. & De Prins, W. (2006 - 2013) Global taxonomic database of Gracillariidae. Royal Museum for Central Africa & Belgian Biodiversity Platform. Available from: http: // www. gracillariidae. net / (Accessed 14 June 2013)" type="book" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
; see also ICZN 75.3.6);
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE2FFB5BC82BA81FCFCF880" blockId="3.[151,1436,1274,1911]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
|
|||
|
|
v) the specimen selected as a
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54E8883BFFE2FFB5BE00BA81FDD6F8A5" box="[533,622,1779,1803]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
was studied, identified, and illustrated as
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE2FFB5B866BA80FEC8F881" ID-CoL="77G4N" authority="Hubner, 1805" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1805" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE2FFB5B866BA80FA24F8A5" box="[1139,1436,1778,1803]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Phyllonorycter mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Hübner, 1805)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in a major revision (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24B68FFE2FFB5BE4DBB64FC8BF881" author="Triberti" box="[600,819,1814,1839]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" refString="Triberti, P. (2007 a) The Phyllonorycter species from Palaearctic Region feeding on Rosaceae (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, 31, 147 - 221." type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="a">Triberti 2007a: 178</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE2FFB5BF26BB65FC84F880" box="[819,828,1815,1838]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE2FFB5BC82BB48FB8CF8D8" blockId="3.[151,1436,1274,1911]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
|
|||
|
|
vi). the designated
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54E8883BFFE2FFB5BD6BBB49FE6FF8FD" box="[382,471,1851,1875]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
is morphologically consistent with what is known of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE2FFB5B867BB48FEC8F8D9" ID-CoL="77G4N" authority="Hubner, 1805" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1805" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE2FFB5B867BB48FA24F8FD" box="[1138,1436,1850,1875]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Phyllonorycter mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Hübner, 1805)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from the original illustration (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13682A1CFFE2FFB5BED0BB2CFCAEF8D9" box="[709,790,1886,1911]" captionStart="FIGURE 38 – 39" captionStartId="14.[151,250,628,650]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,606]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,193,606]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 38 – 39. Archive references. 38, the citation and the illustration of Tinea mespilella Hübner, 1805 from Hübner, J. 1796 – 1838. Sammlung europäischer Schmetterlinge. Achte Horde. Tineae Die Schaben; nach der Natur geordnet, beschrieben und vorgestellt: pl. 39, fig. 272. 39 a, the title page of the list of specimens bearing Haworth’s labels in the Thomas Henry Allis collection. 39 b, the list, indicating that the type specimen of P. trifasciella was examined by Mr. Raymond Uffen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222193/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) and subsequent sources.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE2FFB2BCD2BBD5FB00FEEE" blockId="3.[151,1436,1958,2019]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,151,429]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="345" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE2FFB5BCD2BBD5FE9BF810" box="[199,291,1959,1982]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54E8883BFFE2FFB5BCD2BBD5FE9BF810" box="[199,291,1959,1982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
♂ (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13682A1CFFE2FFB5BD58BBD4FE77F811" box="[333,463,1958,1983]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 33" captionStartId="10.[151,264,930,952]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,439,908]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,439,909]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 33. The neotype of Phyllonorycter mespilella. 31, male, Germany, Württemberg, iv. [19] 69. Scale bar 1 mm. 32, the collecting and the male genitalia preparation labels of the neotype of Phyllonorycter mespilella. 33, the male genitalia of the neotype of Phyllonorycter mespilella, gen. prep. Triberti 3175 ♂. Scale bar 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222191/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Figs 31–33</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), designated here, [1] (printed) ‘Württemberg / Marbach-N. / L. Süssner / (handwritten in black Indian ink) e.p. iv. [19]69 /
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE2FFB5BE3FBBB8FD31F84D" box="[554,649,1994,2019]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Cydonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rosales" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE2FFB5BE3FBBB8FD31F84D" box="[554,649,1994,2019]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Cydonia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
/
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE2FFB5BE8BBBB8FD76F84D" box="[670,718,1994,2019]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">vulg</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.’; [2] (printed) ‘
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE2FFB5BF92BBB8FB97F84D" ID-CoL="8V6G7" box="[903,1071,1994,2019]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE2FFB5BF92BBB8FB97F84D" box="[903,1071,1994,2019]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Phyllonorycter</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
/
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE2FFB5B851BBB8FB50F84D" ID-CoL="77G4N" authority="Hb." authorityName="Hb." box="[1092,1256,1994,2019]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE2FFB5B851BBB8FB0FF84D" box="[1092,1207,1994,2019]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Hb.
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
/ det. P. Triberti / slide 3175♂’. The
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54E8883BFFE5FFB2BD84BCEAFE52FF1E" box="[401,490,152,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE5FFB2BE0EBCE5FCFBFF1E" ID-CoL="77G4N" box="[539,835,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE5FFB2BE0EBCE5FCFBFF1E" box="[539,835,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">Phyllonorycter mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is in the collection of the Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, Innsbruck,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3447609FFE5FFB2BDDBBCCEFD99FF7B" box="[462,545,188,213]" name="Austria" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">Austria</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(TMLF). This collection has extensive holdings of Alpine
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE5FFB2B8F4BCCEFAD0FF7B" ID-CoL="LP" box="[1249,1384,188,213]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and proper facilities for preserving name-bearing
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54E8883BFFE5FFB2BEBDBC92FD5BFF56" box="[680,739,224,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">types</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
which are accessible for study (ICZN, Art. 75.3.7). Before proposing designation of this
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54E8883BFFE5FFB2BDF4BD77FD85FEB3" box="[481,573,261,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
, we consulted Peter Huemer, the curator of the Microlepidoptera collection at the TMLF, and received his support for this nomenclatural act (ICZN, Recommendation 75B).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE5FFB2BCD2BD3EFE12FE03" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE5FFB2BCD2BD3EFED1FECB" bold="true" box="[199,361,332,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">Identification</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE5FFB2BD63BD3EFE0BFECB" box="[374,435,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">Adult</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Figs 0 1, 0 2, 31). Very similar to the other 16 species in the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE5FFB2B84FBD3EFB50FECB" ID-CoL="77G5T" box="[1114,1256,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blancardella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE5FFB2B84FBD3EFB50FECB" box="[1114,1256,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">blancardella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group. Because intraspecific variability is extensive (Emmet 1985;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24B68FFE5FFB2BEE1BD1DFBABFE26" author="Landry" box="[756,1043,367,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" refString="Landry, J. - F. & Wagner, D. L. (1995) Taxonomic review of apple-feeding species of Phyllonorycter Hubner (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) in North America. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 97, 603 - 625." type="journal article" year="1995">Landry & Wallace 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), identification based on external characters is impossible.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE5FFB2BC82BFD2FF7EFC7A" blockId="4.[151,1435,928,980]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE5FFB2BC82BFD2FEEEFC18" bold="true" box="[151,342,928,950]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">FIGURES 01–02.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE5FFB2BD4BBFD2FDDEFC18" ID-CoL="77G4N" box="[350,614,928,950]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE5FFB2BD4BBFD2FDDEFC18" box="[350,614,928,950]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">Phyllonorycter mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, adult, Canary Islands, La Palma,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFED1059FFE5FFB2BFDABFD2FB8FFC18" box="[975,1079,928,950]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" value="2007-10-31">31.x.2007</date>
|
|||
|
|
. 0 1, male. 0 2, female. Scale bar
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CAB9B7CFFE5FFB2B99ABFD2FF7AFC7A" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3496512FFE5FFB0BCD2BF8EFBDEF8DD" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="347" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" type="description">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE5FFB2BCD2BF8EFDF7FB2E" blockId="4.[151,1436,1020,2017]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE5FFB2BCD2BF8EFED5FBBB" box="[199,365,1020,1045]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Figs 0 3, 0 7, 0 8, 33). Similar to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE5FFB2BEF1BF8FFCE1FBBB" box="[740,857,1020,1045]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE5FFB2BEF1BF8FFCE1FBBB" box="[740,857,1020,1045]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">P. malella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE5FFB2BF87BF8FFBACFBBB" box="[914,1044,1020,1045]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malicola">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE5FFB2BF87BF8FFBACFBBB" box="[914,1044,1020,1045]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">P. malicola</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
for the broad right valval process. However they can be differentiated because the first species has a very curved spine at the end of this process and the second is lacking of the left basal process. This broad process differentiates
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE5FFB2B818B837FB27FBF3" box="[1037,1183,1092,1117]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE5FFB2B818B837FB27FBF3" box="[1037,1183,1092,1117]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">P. mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from the other species of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE5FFB2BCA0B81AFEFCFB2F" box="[181,324,1128,1153]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blancardella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE5FFB2BCA0B81AFEFCFB2F" box="[181,324,1128,1153]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">blancardella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24B68FFE5FFB2BD8EB81AFDFBFB2E" author="Triberti" box="[411,579,1128,1153]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" refString="Triberti, P. (2007 a) The Phyllonorycter species from Palaearctic Region feeding on Rosaceae (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, 31, 147 - 221." type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="a">Triberti 2007a</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE5FFB2BCD2B8FEFC88FABF" blockId="4.[151,1436,1020,2017]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE5FFB2BCD2B8FEFE3FFB0B" box="[199,391,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Figs 04–06). Differs from all other species belonging to the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE5FFB2B85DB8FEFB6FFB0B" box="[1096,1239,1164,1189]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blancardella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE5FFB2B85DB8FEFB6FFB0B" box="[1096,1239,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">blancardella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group in that the posterior margin of segment VII in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE5FFB2BE26B8C3FD70FB67" box="[563,712,1200,1225]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE5FFB2BE26B8C3FD70FB67" box="[563,712,1200,1225]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">P. mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
projects very slightly, and the aperture of the ostium bursae is enringed by thin sclerotization (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24B68FFE5FFB2BE0EB8A6FCFBFB43" author="Triberti" box="[539,835,1236,1261]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" refString="Triberti, P. (2007 a) The Phyllonorycter species from Palaearctic Region feeding on Rosaceae (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, 31, 147 - 221." type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="a">Triberti 2007a: 177–178</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). This combination of characters differentiates
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE5FFB2B991B8A7FEB3FABF" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE5FFB2B991B8A7FEB3FABF" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">P. mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from all other species of the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE5FFB2BE44B88AFD58FABF" box="[593,736,1272,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blancardella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE5FFB2BE44B88AFD58FABF" box="[593,736,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">blancardella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE5FFB2BCD2B96EFB04F836" blockId="4.[151,1436,1020,2017]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE5FFB2BCD2B96EFE0AFA9B" bold="true" box="[199,434,1308,1333]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">Description of pupa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Figs 09–24). Maximum length 3.9 mm; width 1.0 mm, elongate, cylindrical, narrower in the last five segments, varying in different shades of brown (Figs 0 9, 10, 17). Head without setae. Vertex furnished with a frontal process (cocoon cutter), which is relatively short, broadly triangular, acute, with wrinkled median surface, lateral ridges straight (Figs 11–13). Forewings long, extending to the anterior margin of abdominal segment A5, and unattached at their distal ends (Figs 10, 14, 17). The appendages of the antennae are slightly longer than forewings, and extending to anterior margin of A6, but shorter than the appendages of metathoracic future legs. The future hind legs extend to posterior margin of A6 (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13682A1CFFE5FFB2BF94B986FBBAF9A3" box="[897,1026,1524,1549]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 18" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1687,1709]" captionTargetBox="[188,1414,193,1643]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[188,1473,193,1643]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 18. Phyllonorycter mespilella, pupa. 13, cocoon cutter, lateral view. 14, pupa, segments A 5 – 10, lateral view. 15, abdominal segments, lateral view. 16, minute spines on caudal segments. 17, overview with mapped details of setation. 18, same, detail 1. Arrows indicate dorsal and latero-dorsal setae on TIII. Scale bar as indicated." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222188/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">Figs 14, 17</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The distance between the apices of the mesothoracic and metathoracic legs is approximately 1.23× the distance between the apices of the prothoracic and mesothoracic legs (Fig. 10). Abdominal segments A5–7 free in male, A
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CAB9B7CFFE5FFB2B816BA4EFBF3F9FB" box="[1027,1099,1596,1621]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.397" metricValueMax="1.524" metricValueMin="1.27" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" unit="in" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 in</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
female, enabling the pupa to wriggle actively when disturbed (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13682A1CFFE5FFB2BE0DBA12FD27F9D6" box="[536,671,1632,1657]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 18" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1687,1709]" captionTargetBox="[188,1414,193,1643]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[188,1473,193,1643]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 18. Phyllonorycter mespilella, pupa. 13, cocoon cutter, lateral view. 14, pupa, segments A 5 – 10, lateral view. 15, abdominal segments, lateral view. 16, minute spines on caudal segments. 17, overview with mapped details of setation. 18, same, detail 1. Arrows indicate dorsal and latero-dorsal setae on TIII. Scale bar as indicated." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222188/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">Figs 14, 17</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Abdominal segments mostly covered dorsally and ventrally with dense minute spines (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13682A1CFFE5FFB2BD84BAF6FE50F933" box="[401,488,1668,1693]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 18" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1687,1709]" captionTargetBox="[188,1414,193,1643]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[188,1473,193,1643]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 18. Phyllonorycter mespilella, pupa. 13, cocoon cutter, lateral view. 14, pupa, segments A 5 – 10, lateral view. 15, abdominal segments, lateral view. 16, minute spines on caudal segments. 17, overview with mapped details of setation. 18, same, detail 1. Arrows indicate dorsal and latero-dorsal setae on TIII. Scale bar as indicated." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222188/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). A1–2 possess latero-dorsal bulbous expansions situated close to anterior margin (Fig. 09); terminal segment A10 elongate, fully covered with spinaculae, the convex area present anteriorly on dorsal surface of A8 covered with tiny erected spines, the remaining surface of segment A8 with spinaculae (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13682A1CFFE5FFB2B97FBABEFF59F8A7" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 18" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1687,1709]" captionTargetBox="[188,1414,193,1643]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[188,1473,193,1643]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 18. Phyllonorycter mespilella, pupa. 13, cocoon cutter, lateral view. 14, pupa, segments A 5 – 10, lateral view. 15, abdominal segments, lateral view. 16, minute spines on caudal segments. 17, overview with mapped details of setation. 18, same, detail 1. Arrows indicate dorsal and latero-dorsal setae on TIII. Scale bar as indicated." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222188/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">Figs 14, 16</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). One pair of dorsal setae is present on segments TI–TII, two pairs of setae (one dorsal and one lateral) are on TIII and A1; four pairs of setae (two dorsal, one latero-dorsal and one lateral) are present on each segment of A2–6; two pairs (one dorsal and one lateral) are present on segments A7–8 (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13682A1CFFE5FFB2BFE1BB4AFB1AF8FE" box="[1012,1186,1848,1873]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 13 – 18" captionStart-1="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId-0="7.[151,264,1687,1709]" captionStartId-1="8.[151,264,1761,1783]" captionTargetBox-0="[188,1414,193,1643]" captionTargetBox-1="[161,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetId-0="figure@7.[188,1473,193,1643]" captionTargetId-1="figure@8.[161,1446,193,1720]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionText-0="FIGURES 13 – 18. Phyllonorycter mespilella, pupa. 13, cocoon cutter, lateral view. 14, pupa, segments A 5 – 10, lateral view. 15, abdominal segments, lateral view. 16, minute spines on caudal segments. 17, overview with mapped details of setation. 18, same, detail 1. Arrows indicate dorsal and latero-dorsal setae on TIII. Scale bar as indicated." captionText-1="FIGURES 19 – 24. Phyllonorycter mespilella, pupa. 19, same as Fig. 17, detail 2. Arrows indicate dorsal, latero-dorsal and lateral setae on A 2. 20, segments A 7 – 8 with two pairs of setae, lateral view. 21, cremaster, dorsal view. 22, cremaster, lateral view. 23, cremaster, ventral view. 24, cremaster, caudal view. Scale bar as indicated." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/222188/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/222189/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">Figs 15, 17–19</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Cremaster (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13682A1CFFE5FFB2B92CBB4AFF0CF8DB" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1761,1783]" captionTargetBox="[161,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[161,1446,193,1720]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Phyllonorycter mespilella, pupa. 19, same as Fig. 17, detail 2. Arrows indicate dorsal, latero-dorsal and lateral setae on A 2. 20, segments A 7 – 8 with two pairs of setae, lateral view. 21, cremaster, dorsal view. 22, cremaster, lateral view. 23, cremaster, ventral view. 24, cremaster, caudal view. Scale bar as indicated." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222189/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">Figs 21– 24</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) with two pairs of hook-shaped processes; outer process ca. 2× bigger than inner process; bases of inner processes partially superimposed to outer processes (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24B68FFE5FFB2BEF2BBF2FC47F837" author="Patocka" box="[743,1023,1920,1945]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" refString="Patocka, J. & Turcani, M. (2005) Lepidoptera pupae: Central European species. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 542 pp." type="book" year="2005">Patočka & Turčáni 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24B68FFE5FFB2B81FBBF2FB08F836" author="Triberti" box="[1034,1200,1920,1945]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" refString="Triberti, P. (2007 a) The Phyllonorycter species from Palaearctic Region feeding on Rosaceae (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, 31, 147 - 221." type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="a">Triberti 2007a</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE5FFB2BCD2BBD6FC8DF84F" blockId="4.[151,1436,1020,2017]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE5FFB2BCD2BBD6FED3F813" bold="true" box="[199,363,1956,1981]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">Host plant(s).</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Many species of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE5FFB2BE2EBBD7FD10F812" box="[571,680,1957,1980]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE5FFB2BEA0BBD6FC76F813" authority="Borkh." authorityName="Borkh." box="[693,974,1956,1981]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Malus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="domestica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE5FFB2BEA0BBD6FCCFF813" box="[693,887,1956,1981]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">Malus domestica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Borkh.
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in the Canary Islands (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13682A1CFFE5FFB2B8C8BBD6FADEF813" box="[1245,1382,1956,1981]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 30" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1660,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1638]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1638]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 30. The biotope and leaf mines of Phyllonorycter mespilella on Malus domestica Borkh., Canary Islands, La Palma, 31. x. 2007. 25, mine, adaxial view. 26, mine abaxial view. 27, mine of the third instar larva, parenchymal tissue is consumed in spots, adaxial view. 28, pupa protrudes the mine before the emergence of the adult, abaxial view. 29, the biotope of Phyllonorycter mespilella in the Canary Islands, La Palma, 31. x. 2007. 30, Malus domestica Borkh, the host plant of Phyllonorycter mespilella in the Canary Islands, La Palma." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222190/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">Figs 29, 30</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24B68FFE5FFB2B96EBBD7FE1FF84E" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" refString="De Prins, J. & De Prins, W. (2006 - 2013) Global taxonomic database of Gracillariidae. Royal Museum for Central Africa & Belgian Biodiversity Platform. Available from: http: // www. gracillariidae. net / (Accessed 14 June 2013)" type="book">De Prins & De Prins (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
provide a full list of its host plants.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE4FFB3BCD2BCE5FDBFFEB2" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE4FFB3BCD2BCE5FEB4FF1E" bold="true" box="[199,268,151,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Mine.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Abaxial (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13682A1CFFE4FFB3BD9CBCE5FDABFF1E" box="[393,531,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 30" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1660,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1638]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1638]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 30. The biotope and leaf mines of Phyllonorycter mespilella on Malus domestica Borkh., Canary Islands, La Palma, 31. x. 2007. 25, mine, adaxial view. 26, mine abaxial view. 27, mine of the third instar larva, parenchymal tissue is consumed in spots, adaxial view. 28, pupa protrudes the mine before the emergence of the adult, abaxial view. 29, the biotope of Phyllonorycter mespilella in the Canary Islands, La Palma, 31. x. 2007. 30, Malus domestica Borkh, the host plant of Phyllonorycter mespilella in the Canary Islands, La Palma." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222190/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Figs 25–28</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), tentiform, parenchymal tissues are consumed in spots (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13682A1CFFE4FFB3B8DFBCE5FA9CFF1E" box="[1226,1316,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 30" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1660,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1638]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1638]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 30. The biotope and leaf mines of Phyllonorycter mespilella on Malus domestica Borkh., Canary Islands, La Palma, 31. x. 2007. 25, mine, adaxial view. 26, mine abaxial view. 27, mine of the third instar larva, parenchymal tissue is consumed in spots, adaxial view. 28, pupa protrudes the mine before the emergence of the adult, abaxial view. 29, the biotope of Phyllonorycter mespilella in the Canary Islands, La Palma, 31. x. 2007. 30, Malus domestica Borkh, the host plant of Phyllonorycter mespilella in the Canary Islands, La Palma." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222190/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), strongly contracted between two veins (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13682A1CFFE4FFB3BDEEBCCEFD39FF7B" box="[507,641,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 30" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1660,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1638]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1638]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 30. The biotope and leaf mines of Phyllonorycter mespilella on Malus domestica Borkh., Canary Islands, La Palma, 31. x. 2007. 25, mine, adaxial view. 26, mine abaxial view. 27, mine of the third instar larva, parenchymal tissue is consumed in spots, adaxial view. 28, pupa protrudes the mine before the emergence of the adult, abaxial view. 29, the biotope of Phyllonorycter mespilella in the Canary Islands, La Palma, 31. x. 2007. 30, Malus domestica Borkh, the host plant of Phyllonorycter mespilella in the Canary Islands, La Palma." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222190/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Figs 25, 26</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), narrow, as long as ca.
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CAB9B7CFFE4FFB3BF89BCCEFC56FF7A" box="[924,1006,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
with several longitudinal wrinkles of different length when the mine is fully developed (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13682A1CFFE4FFB3BF16BCADFCE6FF56" box="[771,862,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 30" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1660,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1638]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1638]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 30. The biotope and leaf mines of Phyllonorycter mespilella on Malus domestica Borkh., Canary Islands, La Palma, 31. x. 2007. 25, mine, adaxial view. 26, mine abaxial view. 27, mine of the third instar larva, parenchymal tissue is consumed in spots, adaxial view. 28, pupa protrudes the mine before the emergence of the adult, abaxial view. 29, the biotope of Phyllonorycter mespilella in the Canary Islands, La Palma, 31. x. 2007. 30, Malus domestica Borkh, the host plant of Phyllonorycter mespilella in the Canary Islands, La Palma." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222190/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The pupa protrudes from the mine before the emergence of the adult (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13682A1CFFE4FFB3BDB3BD76FE42FEB2" box="[422,506,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 30" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1660,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1638]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1638]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 30. The biotope and leaf mines of Phyllonorycter mespilella on Malus domestica Borkh., Canary Islands, La Palma, 31. x. 2007. 25, mine, adaxial view. 26, mine abaxial view. 27, mine of the third instar larva, parenchymal tissue is consumed in spots, adaxial view. 28, pupa protrudes the mine before the emergence of the adult, abaxial view. 29, the biotope of Phyllonorycter mespilella in the Canary Islands, La Palma, 31. x. 2007. 30, Malus domestica Borkh, the host plant of Phyllonorycter mespilella in the Canary Islands, La Palma." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222190/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE4FFB3BC82BB03FE1FF84D" blockId="5.[151,1436,1905,2019]" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE4FFB3BC82BB03FEECF829" bold="true" box="[151,340,1905,1927]" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">FIGURES 03–06.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE4FFB3BD4EBB03FDD0F829" box="[347,616,1905,1927]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE4FFB3BD4EBB03FDDBF829" box="[347,611,1905,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">Phyllonorycter mespilella</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
genitalia. 0 3, male genitalia, gen. prep. De Prins 3804♂. An arrow indicates the asymmetrical basal process of valva with a straight spine. 0 4, female genitalia, gen. prep. De Prins 3805♀. 0 5, same preparation, segment 8, an arrow indicates ostium bursae enringed by sclerotization. 0 6, same preparation, corpus bursae with signum. Scale bar 200 µm.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE7FFB0BC82BB52FBDEF8DD" blockId="6.[151,1436,1824,1907]" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE7FFB0BC82BB52FEEEF898" bold="true" box="[151,342,1824,1846]" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">FIGURES 07–12.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE7FFB0BD4ABB52FDD0F898" box="[351,616,1824,1846]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="347" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE7FFB0BD4ABB52FDD0F898" box="[351,616,1824,1846]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">Phyllonorycter mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, adult male and pupa. 0 7, male genitalia. 0 8, same preparation, with enlarged basal process, valva and aedoeagus. 0 9, pupa, dorsal view with mapped latero-dorsal bulbous expansion on A1. 10, pupa, ventral view. 11, pupa, head, ventral view. 12, cocoon cutter, dorsal view. Scale bar as indicated.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF2C6611FFE6FFB1BC82BAE5FB86F944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222188/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="348" targetBox="[188,1414,193,1643]" targetPageId="7">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE6FFB1BC82BAE5FB86F944" blockId="7.[151,1436,1687,1770]" pageId="7" pageNumber="348">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE6FFB1BC82BAE5FEEBF903" bold="true" box="[151,339,1687,1709]" pageId="7" pageNumber="348">FIGURES 13–18.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE6FFB1BD4CBAE5FDDDF903" box="[345,613,1687,1709]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="348">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE6FFB1BD4CBAE5FDD9F903" box="[345,609,1687,1709]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="348" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">Phyllonorycter mespilella</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
pupa. 13, cocoon cutter, lateral view. 14, pupa, segments A5–10, lateral view. 15, abdominal segments, lateral view. 16, minute spines on caudal segments. 17, overview with mapped details of setation. 18, same, detail 1. Arrows indicate dorsal and latero-dorsal setae on TIII. Scale bar as indicated.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF2C6611FFE9FFBEBC82BA93FC54F89B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222189/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" targetBox="[161,1436,193,1719]" targetPageId="8">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE9FFBEBC82BA93FC54F89B" blockId="8.[151,1436,1761,1845]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE9FFBEBC82BA93FEEFF959" bold="true" box="[151,343,1761,1783]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">FIGURES 19–24.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE9FFBEBD75BA93FDC8F959" box="[352,624,1761,1783]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE9FFBEBD75BA93FDD4F959" box="[352,620,1761,1783]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">Phyllonorycter mespilella</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
pupa. 19, same as Fig.17, detail 2. Arrows indicate dorsal, latero-dorsal and lateral setae on A2. 20, segments A7–8 with two pairs of setae, lateral view. 21, cremaster, dorsal view. 22, cremaster, lateral view. 23, cremaster, ventral view. 24, cremaster, caudal view. Scale bar as indicated.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF2C6611FFE8FFBFBC82BA0EFD56F8A2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222190/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1638]" targetPageId="9">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE8FFBFBC82BA0EFD56F8A2" blockId="9.[151,1436,1660,1804]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE8FFBFBC82BA0EFEEEF93C" bold="true" box="[151,342,1660,1682]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">FIGURES 25–30.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
The biotope and leaf mines of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE8FFBFBE88BA0EFC1DF93C" box="[669,933,1660,1682]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE8FFBFBE88BA0EFC1DF93C" box="[669,933,1660,1682]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Phyllonorycter mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
on
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE8FFBFBFDABA0EFF61F91E" authority="Borkh., Canary Islands, La Palma" authorityName="Borkh., Canary Islands, La Palma" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Malus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="domestica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE8FFBFBFDABA0EFBC6F93C" box="[975,1150,1660,1682]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Malus domestica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Borkh., Canary Islands, La Palma
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, 31.x.2007. 25, mine, adaxial view. 26, mine abaxial view. 27, mine of the third instar larva, parenchymal tissue is consumed in spots, adaxial view. 28, pupa protrudes the mine before the emergence of the adult, abaxial view. 29, the biotope of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE8FFBFBCA3BAA5FE79F943" box="[182,449,1751,1773]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE8FFBFBCA3BAA5FE79F943" box="[182,449,1751,1773]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Phyllonorycter mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in the Canary Islands, La Palma, 31.x. 2007. 30,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE8FFBFBFF5BAA5FB65F943" authority="Borkh" authorityName="Borkh" box="[992,1245,1751,1773]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Malus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="domestica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE8FFBFBFF5BAA5FB29F943" box="[992,1169,1751,1773]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Malus domestica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Borkh
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, the host plant of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE8FFBFBC82BA84FE25F8A2" box="[151,413,1782,1804]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE8FFBFBC82BA84FE25F8A2" box="[151,413,1782,1804]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Phyllonorycter mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in the Canary Islands, La Palma.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3496512FFE8FFBFBCD2BB41FF49F83A" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" type="distribution">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE8FFBFBCD2BB41FF49F83A" blockId="9.[151,1436,1843,2012]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE8FFBFBCD2BB41FED8F8E2" bold="true" box="[199,352,1843,1868]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Central southern Europe, North Africa, Canary Islands: Lanzarote (Triberti 2007: 177), La Palma (this paper) (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13682A1CFFE8FFBFBD63BB25FE72F8DE" box="[374,458,1879,1904]" captionStart="FIGURE 40" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1497,1519]" captionTargetBox="[192,1405,794,1441]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[181,1417,794,1484]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 40. The occurrence of Phyllonorycter mespilella (red dots) and P. trifasciella (blue dots) in the Canary Islands." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222194/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), and North
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3447609FFE8FFBFBE4CBB25FD05F8DE" box="[601,701,1879,1904]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">America</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
. See
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24B68FFE8FFBFBEEDBB2AFB8CF8DE" box="[760,1076,1879,1904]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" refString="De Prins, J. & De Prins, W. (2006 - 2013) Global taxonomic database of Gracillariidae. Royal Museum for Central Africa & Belgian Biodiversity Platform. Available from: http: // www. gracillariidae. net / (Accessed 14 June 2013)" type="book">De Prins & De Prins (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
for a full list of the distribution records.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3496512FFE8FFBCBCD2BBEDFB94FECB" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="351" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFE8FFBCBCD2BBEDFB94FECB" blockId="9.[151,1436,1843,2012]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="351" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE8FFBFBCD2BBEDFE83F816" bold="true" box="[199,315,1951,1976]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24B68FFE8FFBFBD57BBEDFD97F816" author="Triberti" box="[322,559,1951,1976]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" refString="Triberti, P. (2007 a) The Phyllonorycter species from Palaearctic Region feeding on Rosaceae (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, 31, 147 - 221." type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="a">Triberti (2007a: 177)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
provided the label data for two specimens (male and female) of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE8FFBFB91CBBD3FA23F816" box="[1289,1435,1951,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE8FFBFB91CBBD3FA23F816" box="[1289,1435,1951,1976]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">P. mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
collected by E. Arenberger in Lanzarote, Puerto del Carmen. The mines were collected on
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFE8FFBFB887BBB7FB6BF872" box="[1170,1235,1989,2012]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Pyrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFE8FFBFB887BBB7FB6BF872" box="[1170,1235,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Pyrus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp.
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFED1059FFE8FFBFB914BBB1FA2FF872" box="[1281,1431,1987,2012]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" value="1991-01-10" valueMax="1991-01-15" valueMin="1991-01-10">10–15.i.1991</date>
|
|||
|
|
, the adults emerged on
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFED1059FFEBFFBCBD8BBCE5FDB3FF1E" box="[414,523,151,176]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" value="1991-04-05">5.iv.1991</date>
|
|||
|
|
; the depository of these specimens is ZMHB. These specimens indicate that
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFEBFFBCB991BCEBFEB3FF7B" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFEBFFBCB991BCEBFEB3FF7B" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">P. mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
invaded the eastern island of the Canary archipelago more than twenty years ago, although its occurrence remained unreported. Two specimens of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFEBFFBCBEF9BC93FCC7FF56" box="[748,895,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFEBFFBCBEF9BC93FCC7FF56" box="[748,895,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">P. mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from Lanzarote, examined by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24B68FFEBFFBCB8F5BCADFA2FFF56" author="Triberti" box="[1248,1431,223,248]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" refString="Triberti, P. (2007 a) The Phyllonorycter species from Palaearctic Region feeding on Rosaceae (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, 31, 147 - 221." type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="a">Triberti (2007a)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, and
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D55FD10FFEBFFBCBCDDBD76FED9FEB3" box="[200,353,260,285]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" type="generic">11 specimens</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
from La Palma, discussed below, are the only records of this species from the Canary Islands. Because of the frequent air transport between Europe and both the eastern (Lanzarote) and the western (La Palma) islands,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFEBFFBCBCE6BD3FFE3EFECB" box="[243,390,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFEBFFBCBCE6BD3FFE3EFECB" box="[243,390,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">P. mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
may have been independently introduced to the two islands.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF2C6611FFEBFFBCBC82BFD0FC5DFC5B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222191/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" targetBox="[151,1434,439,908]" targetPageId="10">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFEBFFBCBC82BFD0FC5DFC5B" blockId="10.[151,1436,930,1013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFEBFFBCBC82BFD0FEEBFC16" bold="true" box="[151,339,930,952]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">FIGURES 31–33.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
The neotype of
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFEBFFBCBDEDBFD0FCBDFC16" box="[504,773,930,952]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFEBFFBCBDEDBFD0FCB9FC16" box="[504,769,930,952]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">Phyllonorycter mespilella</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
31, male, Germany, Württemberg, iv.[19]69. Scale bar 1 mm. 32, the collecting and the male genitalia preparation labels of the neotype of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFEBFFBCBF67BFB3FBC0FC79" box="[882,1144,961,983]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFEBFFBCBF67BFB3FBC0FC79" box="[882,1144,961,983]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">Phyllonorycter mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. 33, the male genitalia of the neotype of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFEBFFBCBD1CBFADFDB7FC5B" box="[265,527,991,1013]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFEBFFBCBD1CBFADFDB7FC5B" box="[265,527,991,1013]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">Phyllonorycter mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, gen. prep. Triberti 3175♂. Scale bar 200 µm.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3496512FFEBFFBCBCD2B850FD74FAD1" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" type="materials_examined">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFEBFFBCBCD2B850FC63FB2C" blockId="10.[151,1437,1058,1407]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFEBFFBCBCD2B850FCD7FB95" bold="true" box="[199,879,1058,1083]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">Examined specimens collected in the Canary Islands.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D55FD10FFEBFFBCBF68B850FC1AFB95" box="[893,930,1058,1083]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" type="generic">5♂</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
, 6♀, Canary Islands, La Palma,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CAB9B7CFFEBFFBCB928B851FAC6FB95" box="[1341,1406,1058,1083]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
S Barlovento,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CAB9B7CFFEBFFBCBD31B835FED7FBF0" box="[292,367,1095,1119]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" unit="m" value="270.0">270 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE67505EFFEBFFBCBD6BB835FE67FBF1" box="[382,479,1095,1119]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" precision="925" value="28.816668">28°49’N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE67505EFFEBFFBCBDFDB834FDD8FBF1" box="[488,608,1094,1119]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" precision="925" value="-17.766666">017°46’W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, mine
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFED1059FFEBFFBCBEBAB835FC94FBF1" box="[687,812,1095,1119]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" value="2007-10-31">31.x. 2007</date>
|
|||
|
|
, leg. J. & W. De Prins; ex l.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFEBFFBCB891B834FEAEFB2D" authority="Borkh." authorityName="Borkh." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Malus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="domestica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFEBFFBCB891B834FAFEFBF1" box="[1156,1350,1094,1119]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">Malus domestica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Borkh. (Rosaceae)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFED1059FFEBFFBCBD34B818FE7EFB2D" box="[289,454,1130,1155]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" value="2007-11-25" valueMax="2007-11-27" valueMin="2007-11-25">25–27.xi.2007</date>
|
|||
|
|
. Gen. Prep. De Prins 3804♂, 3805♀, in
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED42AE5CFFEBFFBCBF9FB819FC6FFB2C" box="[906,983,1131,1154]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">JWDP</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEC3699FFEBFFBCBCD2B8FDFD74FAD1" blockId="10.[151,1437,1058,1407]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">
|
|||
|
|
In addition to genitalia examinations, a
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED42AE5CFFEBFFBCBE9DB8FDFD7CFB09" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" box="[648,708,1167,1191]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">DNA</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
barcode (
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED42AE5CFFEBFFBCBF21B8FDFC2DFB09" box="[820,917,1167,1191]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">GRPAL</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
043-10) was obtained from the male specimen of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFEBFFBCBCA2B8C1FEFFFB65" box="[183,327,1202,1227]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFEBFFBCBCA2B8C1FEFFFB65" box="[183,327,1202,1227]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">P. mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
collected in the Canary Islands, La Palma,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CAB9B7CFFEBFFBCBF2FB8C1FCCCFB65" box="[826,884,1202,1227]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
S Barlovento,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CAB9B7CFFEBFFBCB834B8C1FBD4FB64" box="[1057,1132,1203,1227]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" unit="m" value="270.0">270 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE67505EFFEBFFBCB86CB8C1FB61FB65" box="[1145,1241,1203,1227]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" precision="925" value="28.816668">28°49’N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE67505EFFEBFFBCB8F7B8C0FAEFFB65" box="[1250,1367,1202,1227]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" precision="925" value="-17.766666">017°46’W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, mine
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFED1059FFEBFFBCBC82B8A5FEA9FB41" box="[151,273,1239,1263]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" value="2007-10-31">31.x. 2007</date>
|
|||
|
|
, leg. J. & W. De Prins; ex l.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFEBFFBCBE58B8A4FC5EFB41" authority="Borkh." authorityName="Borkh." box="[589,998,1238,1263]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Malus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="domestica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFEBFFBCBE58B8A4FCB4FB41" box="[589,780,1238,1263]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">Malus domestica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Borkh. (Rosaceae)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFED1059FFEBFFBCBFE4B8A4FB2BFB41" box="[1009,1171,1238,1263]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" value="2007-11-25" valueMax="2007-11-27" valueMin="2007-11-25">25–27.xi.2007</date>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13682A1CFFEBFFBCB8B7B8A4FB4DFB41" box="[1186,1269,1238,1263]" captionStart="FIGURE 41. A" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1988,2010]" captionTargetBox="[287,1181,199,1933]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[282,1236,195,1934]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 41. A preliminary DNA barcode (COI) library for global gracillariid species." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222195/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The resultant 658 bp sequence of
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED42AE5CFFEBFFBCBD99B889FE04FABD" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14498" box="[396,444,1275,1299]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14498" name="University of Coimbra Botany Department" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">COI</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
was identical to four other sequences from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C534D1AFFEBFFBCBFC4B889FBDDFABD" box="[977,1125,1274,1299]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mespilella">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B927EA8BFFEBFFBCBFC4B889FBDDFABD" box="[977,1125,1274,1299]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">P. mespilella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, three collected in
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3447609FFEBFFBCB945B889FA24FABC" box="[1360,1436,1275,1298]" name="France" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">France</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED42AE5CFFEBFFBCBC8AB96CFEBAFA99" box="[159,258,1310,1335]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">GRPAL</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
186-11, 992-12, 229-11) and one (B01 mespi) in the
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3447609FFEBFFBCBF56B96CFC4CFA99" box="[835,1012,1310,1335]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(see
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED42AE5CFFEBFFBCB83BB96DFBC6FA99" box="[1070,1150,1311,1335]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">BOLD</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
; www.barcodinglife.org). This result confirms the identification of our specimen, but does not firmly establish its origin, because no sequences from Spanish populations are available.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|