1891 lines
267 KiB
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1891 lines
267 KiB
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<mods:title id="BE01211CA646FF697752CCE020E55127">A new taxonomic status for Darwin’s “ predicted ” pollinator: Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. (Lepidoptera Sphingidae Sphinginae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5591ACB5624415CD7BD411EC9C3F5565">Minet, Joël</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9EFDD83871D71AC982F8092F451A2C8E">Basquin, Patrick</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="67809C25C4138A359DC5F132315FC4DF">Haxaire, Jean</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="206B0FB42E622A354CBBD2204BD3B6AB">Lees, David C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2EF2AA6EB71AF75BC9B0FF0575CC892B">Rougerie, Rodolphe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8114202EB354F2C67AF41F1CF8A2FEFD">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="44E65AC9910C6DDAEAB6BC0569DF243F">Antenor</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="DE1EC94835AD5C1A6E066758618CEA9E">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="427AF1C04819AFA71DFA8997DF94EF3F">2021-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B3660F6CEAAF1C4B9C2915C8C6932387">8</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="66C85CAA9CBA49E302C8CC51BBEFA365">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="783E7FF944461847A6A2DC73452A0950" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5856141</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="427189D8C45715C2C073C00B0438A433" type="ISBN">2275-9298</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A3A4AD9D4E799098C22B1B1351A663A0" type="Zenodo-Dep">5856141</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DF87ECFFD88D52CC96C375A755BA4A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856146" ID-GBIF-Taxon="192259431" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5856146" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DF87ECFFD88D52CC96C375A755BA4A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DF87ECFFD88D52CC96C375A755BA4A" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
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<subSubSection id="C36C6571FFD88D59CC96C375A76DBFCA" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD88D59CC96C375A76DBFCA" blockId="4.[214,693,1603,1695]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
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<heading id="D0818196FFD88D59CC96C375A76DBFCA" bold="true" centered="true" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" reason="0">
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<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CC96C375A76DBFCA" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
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Morphological differences between
|
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<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CD66C354A741BF2A" bold="true" box="[294,613,1634,1663]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
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<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59CD66C354A49EBF2A" box="[294,442,1634,1663]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xanthopan</taxonomicName>
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m.
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59CDACC355A741BF2A" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[492,613,1635,1663]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">morganii</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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and
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59CD3EC3B5A76DBFCA" authorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" authorityYear="1903" box="[382,585,1666,1695]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="morganii" subSpecies="praedicta">
|
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<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CD3EC3B5A76DBFCA" bold="true" box="[382,585,1666,1695]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">X. m. praedicta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD88D59CC8CC3F1A434BECA" blockId="4.[151,756,1735,2079]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
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Illustrations in
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD88D59CD3EC3F1A75CBF8A" author="Arditti (Joseph) & Elliott (John) & Kitching (Ian J. & Wasserthal (Lutz T.)" box="[382,632,1735,1759]" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" pagination="403 - 432" part="169" refId="ref10472" refString="Arditti (Joseph), Elliott (John), Kitching (Ian J.) and Wasserthal (Lutz T.), 2012. - " Good Heavens what insect can suck it " - Charles Darwin, Angraecum sesquipedale and Xanthopan morganii praedicta. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 169: 403 - 432." title="Good Heavens what insect can suck it " - Charles Darwin, Angraecum sesquipedale and Xanthopan morganii praedicta" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
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ARDITTI &
|
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<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CE47C3F1A738BF8A" box="[519,540,1735,1759]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">al</emphasis>
|
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. (2012)
|
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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may give the impression that “
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59CDC0C3D1A7E8BFAB" authority="morganii" box="[384,716,1767,1791]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="morganii" subSpecies="morganii">
|
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<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CDC0C3D1A7E8BFAB" box="[384,716,1767,1791]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">Xanthopan morganii morganii</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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” is a highly variable taxon, but some of the specimens pictured were erroneously referred as originating “from Gabon” (
|
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<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CD40C271A40DBE0A" box="[256,297,1863,1887]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">ibid</emphasis>
|
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., fig.
|
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<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD88D59CD34C271A4A5BE0B" box="[372,385,1863,1886]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[204,216,1998,2017]" captionTargetBox="[151,1421,1187,1982]" captionTargetId="figure-177@8.[153,1421,1188,1982]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 7. — Uncus and gnathos in Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. (a, b) and X. morganii (c, d) (ventral or lateroventral views); saccus in X. praedicta (e, f) and X. morganii (g, h) (ventral views). – a, Antongil Bay. – b, Amber Mountain. – c, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – d, Grande Comore. – e, Perinet (Analamazaotra). – f, Tsarafidy, near Ambohimahasoa. – g, Grande Comore. – h, Liberia. – same magnification for a-h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856158" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856158/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">7</figureCitation>
|
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A-C) when actually being from Madagascar, and thus representing “
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59CE58C251A5D9BECA" authorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="morganii" subSpecies="praedicta">
|
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<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CE58C251A5D9BECA" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">Xanthopan morganii praedicta</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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”.
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD88D59CC8CC291A42FB14A" blockId="4.[151,756,1735,2079]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
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|
|
The main differences between
|
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|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CE5FC291A7E0BEEB" box="[543,708,1959,1982]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
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X. m.
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59CE23C291A7E0BEEB" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[611,708,1959,1982]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">morganii</taxonomicName>
|
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</emphasis>
|
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and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59CCD7C2F1A419BE8A" authorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,317,1991,2015]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="morganii" subSpecies="praedicta">
|
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<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CCD7C2F1A419BE8A" box="[151,317,1991,2015]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">X. m. praedicta</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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are listed hereafter, following an anteroposterior order for the enumeration of the corresponding characters.
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD88D59CF70C591A650B9EB" blockId="4.[816,1421,167,447]" box="[816,884,167,191]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
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<heading id="D0818196FFD88D59CF70C591A650B9EB" bold="true" box="[816,884,167,191]" fontSize="10" level="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" reason="6">
|
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<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CF70C591A649B9EA" bold="true" box="[816,877,167,191]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">Head</emphasis>
|
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.
|
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</heading>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD88D59CF25C5F0A1ABB9AA" blockId="4.[816,1421,167,447]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
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|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CF25C5F0A656B98B" bold="true" box="[869,882,198,222]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">1</emphasis>
|
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, proximal section of the proboscis –
|
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|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59C965C5F1A0A2B98B" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1317,1414,199,222]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59C965C5F1A0A2B98B" box="[1317,1414,199,222]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: reddish brown;
|
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|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59CF99C5D1A11BB9AA" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[985,1087,231,255]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CF99C5D1A11BB9AA" box="[985,1087,231,255]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: black.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD88D59CF25C430A069B8EA" blockId="4.[816,1421,167,447]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CF25C430A656B84B" bold="true" box="[869,882,262,286]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">2</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, ventral vestiture of segment 1 of the labial palpus (in lateral view) –
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59C844C411A141B86B" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1028,1125,295,318]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59C844C411A141B86B" box="[1028,1125,295,318]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: with numerous dark grey scales, at least distally, so that the coloration of segment 1 contrasts moderately with the brown region of segment 2;
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59CF18C4B1A6E6B8CA" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[856,962,391,415]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CF18C4B1A6E6B8CA" box="[856,962,391,415]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: relatively light-coloured, contrasting strongly with the dark brown region of segment 2.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD88D59CF70C4D1A6A9B8AB" blockId="4.[816,1422,487,735]" box="[816,909,487,511]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
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<heading id="D0818196FFD88D59CF70C4D1A6A9B8AB" bold="true" box="[816,909,487,511]" fontSize="10" level="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" reason="6">
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|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CF70C4D1A6A1B8AA" bold="true" box="[816,901,487,511]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">Foreleg</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD88D59CF25C730A193BB8A" blockId="4.[816,1422,487,735]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CF25C730A656BB4B" bold="true" box="[869,882,518,542]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">3</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, tarsus in dorsal view –
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59C835C731A1F2BB4B" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1141,1238,519,542]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59C835C731A1F2BB4B" box="[1141,1238,519,542]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: basitarsus lightcoloured, contrasting strongly with tarsomeres 2-5, which are black or blackish (with some white at the extremities of tarsomere 2);
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59C833C751A1FDBB2A" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1139,1241,615,639]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59C833C751A1FDBB2A" box="[1139,1241,615,639]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: tarsomere 2 at least partially brown, with an intermediate coloration between that of the basitarsus (ochre or pale brown) and that of tarsomeres 3-5 (dark brown).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD88D59CF70C630A6C8BA4B" blockId="4.[816,1421,774,895]" box="[816,1004,774,799]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
|||
|
|
<heading id="D0818196FFD88D59CF70C630A6C8BA4B" bold="true" box="[816,1004,774,799]" fontSize="10" level="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" reason="6">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CF70C630A6C0BA4A" bold="true" box="[816,996,774,799]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">Forewing shape</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD88D59CF25C610A696BA2A" blockId="4.[816,1421,774,895]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CF25C610A656BA6B" bold="true" box="[869,882,806,830]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">4</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, termen –
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59CFACC611A169BA6B" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1004,1101,807,830]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CFACC611A169BA6B" box="[1004,1101,807,830]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: angulate at M
|
|||
|
|
<subScript id="17F234BFFFD88D59C8B5C604A1DABA16" attach="left" box="[1269,1278,818,835]" fontSize="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">3</subScript>
|
|||
|
|
(fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD88D59C97EC611A069BA6A" box="[1342,1357,807,831]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, a-d);
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59CF70C671A6B2BA0A" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[816,918,839,863]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CF70C671A6B2BA0A" box="[816,918,839,863]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: regularly arched between CuA
|
|||
|
|
<subScript id="17F234BFFFD88D59C8B2C664A1DFBA36" attach="left" box="[1266,1275,850,867]" fontSize="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">2</subScript>
|
|||
|
|
and the apex (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD88D59CF25C651A650BA2A" box="[869,884,871,895]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, e-h).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD88D59CF70C690A17ABAEB" blockId="4.[816,1428,934,1759]" box="[816,1118,934,958]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
|||
|
|
<heading id="D0818196FFD88D59CF70C690A17ABAEB" bold="true" box="[816,1118,934,958]" fontSize="10" level="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" reason="6">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CF70C690A172BAEB" bold="true" box="[816,1110,934,958]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">Forewing (dorsal surface)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD88D59CF25C6F1A038BDCA" blockId="4.[816,1428,934,1759]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CF25C6F1A656BA8A" bold="true" box="[869,882,967,991]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">5</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, dark subbasal costal mark –
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59C889C6F1A00EBA8B" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1225,1322,967,990]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59C889C6F1A00EBA8B" box="[1225,1322,967,990]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: a trian - gular spot, extending distad along the costa (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD88D59C901C6D1A074BAAA" box="[1345,1360,999,1023]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, a-c);
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59CF70C131A6B2BD4A" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[816,918,1031,1055]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CF70C131A6B2BD4A" box="[816,918,1031,1055]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: not distinctly triangular, usually in the form of a short zigzag, which is roughly parallel to vein CuA
|
|||
|
|
<subScript id="17F234BFFFD88D59C9C4C104A0A9BD16" attach="left" box="[1412,1421,1074,1091]" fontSize="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">2</subScript>
|
|||
|
|
and often unites two very small dark spots (the costal spot being neither clearly triangular nor markedly prolonged distad along the costa: fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD88D59C8E3C1B1A196BDCA" box="[1187,1202,1159,1183]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, e and g).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD88D59CF25C190A025BC0A" blockId="4.[816,1428,934,1759]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CF25C190A656BDEB" bold="true" box="[869,882,1190,1214]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">6</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, lower discal light-coloured spot (on discocellular m2-m3) –
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59CFDBC1F1A6DCBD8B" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[923,1016,1223,1246]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CFDBC1F1A6DCBD8B" box="[923,1016,1223,1246]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: typically broad, greyish white, without well defined dark edges, and often slightly extended on the base of vein M
|
|||
|
|
<subScript id="17F234BFFFD88D59CFABC024A6D0BC76" attach="left" box="[1003,1012,1298,1315]" fontSize="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">2</subScript>
|
|||
|
|
(fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD88D59C86AC031A11CBC4A" box="[1066,1080,1287,1311]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, a-c);
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59C836C031A1F3BC4A" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1142,1239,1287,1311]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59C836C031A1F3BC4A" box="[1142,1239,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: thin, circumflexshaped, white or whitish, relatively well delimited, and not extended distad on M
|
|||
|
|
<subScript id="17F234BFFFD88D59C802C064A16FBC36" attach="left" box="[1090,1099,1362,1379]" fontSize="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">2</subScript>
|
|||
|
|
(fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD88D59C8C7C071A1B2BC0A" box="[1159,1174,1351,1375]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, e and g).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD88D59CF25C051A07BBF4A" blockId="4.[816,1428,934,1759]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CF25C051A656BC2A" bold="true" box="[869,882,1383,1407]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">7</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, region between veins M
|
|||
|
|
<subScript id="17F234BFFFD88D59C8D6C044A1BBBCD6" attach="left" box="[1174,1183,1394,1411]" fontSize="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">1</subScript>
|
|||
|
|
and M
|
|||
|
|
<subScript id="17F234BFFFD88D59C8B6C044A1DBBCD6" attach="left" box="[1270,1279,1394,1411]" fontSize="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">3</subScript>
|
|||
|
|
–
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59C965C051A0A2BC2B" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1317,1414,1383,1406]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59C965C051A0A2BC2B" box="[1317,1414,1383,1406]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: greyish or beige (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD88D59C86CC0B1A11FBCCA" box="[1068,1083,1415,1439]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, a-c), sometimes (proximally) with a narrow pinkish band between M
|
|||
|
|
<subScript id="17F234BFFFD88D59C888C084A1F5BC96" attach="left" box="[1224,1233,1458,1475]" fontSize="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">2</subScript>
|
|||
|
|
and M
|
|||
|
|
<subScript id="17F234BFFFD88D59C95CC084A001BC96" attach="left" box="[1308,1317,1458,1475]" fontSize="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">3</subScript>
|
|||
|
|
(fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD88D59C919C091A043BCEA" box="[1369,1383,1447,1471]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, c);
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59CF70C0F1A6B2BC8A" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[816,918,1479,1503]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CF70C0F1A6B2BC8A" box="[816,918,1479,1503]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: typically, with a large chestnut-brown area, which is ill-delimited above M
|
|||
|
|
<subScript id="17F234BFFFD88D59C826C0C4A14BBF56" attach="left" box="[1126,1135,1522,1539]" fontSize="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">2</subScript>
|
|||
|
|
and does not extend beyond the (often obsolete) submarginal line (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD88D59C8A9C331A1DCBF4A" box="[1257,1272,1543,1567]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, e and g).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD88D59CF25C310A07DBF8A" blockId="4.[816,1428,934,1759]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CF25C310A656BF6B" bold="true" box="[869,882,1574,1598]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">8</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, blackish subapical streak below vein Rs
|
|||
|
|
<subScript id="17F234BFFFD88D59C926C304A04BBF16" attach="left" box="[1382,1391,1586,1603]" fontSize="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">4</subScript>
|
|||
|
|
–
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59CF70C371A6B5BF0B" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[816,913,1607,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CF70C371A6B5BF0B" box="[816,913,1607,1630]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: usually thin (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD88D59C82AC371A15DBF0A" box="[1130,1145,1607,1631]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, a-c), though sometimes fairly broad (plate IV, fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD88D59C830C351A15BBF2B" box="[1136,1151,1639,1662]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[204,216,1998,2017]" captionTargetBox="[151,1421,1187,1982]" captionTargetId="figure-177@8.[153,1421,1188,1982]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 7. — Uncus and gnathos in Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. (a, b) and X. morganii (c, d) (ventral or lateroventral views); saccus in X. praedicta (e, f) and X. morganii (g, h) (ventral views). – a, Antongil Bay. – b, Amber Mountain. – c, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – d, Grande Comore. – e, Perinet (Analamazaotra). – f, Tsarafidy, near Ambohimahasoa. – g, Grande Comore. – h, Liberia. – same magnification for a-h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856158" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856158/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">7</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, in
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD88D59C8F6C351A0A4BF2A" author="Carcasson (Robert Herbert" bookContentInfo="17 pls." box="[1206,1408,1639,1663]" journalOrPublisher="Revised catalogue of the African Sphingidae (Lepidoptera) with descriptions of the East African species (2 nd ed.)" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 148" refId="ref10728" refString="Carcasson (Robert Herbert), 1976. - Revised catalogue of the African Sphingidae (Lepidoptera) with descriptions of the East African species (2 nd ed.). 1 - 148, 11 unnumbered pp., 17 pls. E. W. Classey publ., Faringdon." type="book chapter" year="1976">CARCASSON, 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
);
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59CF70C3B1A6B2BFCA" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[816,918,1671,1695]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CF70C3B1A6B2BFCA" box="[816,918,1671,1695]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: usually broader (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD88D59C8C9C3B1A1BCBFCA" box="[1161,1176,1671,1695]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, e and g; contrary to a statement in
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD88D59CFF1C391A1C0BFEA" author="Rothschild (Walter) & Jordan (Karl)" box="[945,1252,1703,1727]" journalOrPublisher="Novitates zoologicae" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 972" refId="ref12575" refString="Rothschild (Walter) and Jordan (Karl), 1903. - A revision of the lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates zoologicae, 9, Suppl.: i-cxxxv + 1 - 972, 5 tbls., 67 pls." title="A revision of the lepidopterous family Sphingidae" type="book" year="1903">ROTHSCHILD & JORDAN (1903)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, the broad streak is not a constant characteristic of the taxon
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59C8AAC3F1A06FBF8A" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1258,1355,1735,1759]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59C8AAC3F1A06FBF8A" box="[1258,1355,1735,1759]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD88D59CF70C230A14CBE4B" blockId="4.[816,1421,1798,2079]" box="[816,1128,1798,1822]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
|||
|
|
<heading id="D0818196FFD88D59CF70C230A14CBE4B" bold="true" box="[816,1128,1798,1822]" fontSize="10" level="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" reason="6">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CF70C230A145BE4B" bold="true" box="[816,1121,1798,1822]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">Forewing (ventral surface)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD88D59CF25C210A6D3B14A" blockId="4.[816,1421,1798,2079]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CF25C210A656BE6B" bold="true" box="[869,882,1830,1854]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">9</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, apical region –
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59C87DC211A1BABE6B" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1085,1182,1831,1854]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59C87DC211A1BABE6B" box="[1085,1182,1831,1854]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: uniformly brownish (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD88D59CF26C271A651BE0A" box="[870,885,1863,1887]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, d);
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD88D59CFEAC271A134BE0A" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[938,1040,1863,1887]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD88D59CFEAC271A134BE0A" box="[938,1040,1863,1887]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: with an upper light-coloured area that contrasts with the lower – brown – apical area (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD88D59CF28C2B1A653BECA" box="[872,887,1927,1951]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, f and h; the light-coloured area is occasionally faintly indicated, notably in “faded” specimens; it was found to be almost absent in a specimen in fairly good condition collected by one of us (PB) in Lakato forest, near Moramanga).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF096672FFD98D58CC9BC2E4A0B9B149" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" startId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" targetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" targetPageId="5">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD98D58CC9BC2E4A0B9B149" blockId="5.[166,1437,2001,2077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD98D58CEC5C2E7A612BEB1" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[645,822,2001,2020]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD98D58CEC5C2E7A612BEB1" box="[645,822,2001,2020]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Xanthopan morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(a-d) and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD98D58CFD3C2E4A6DABEB1" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[915,1022,2001,2020]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta" status="stat. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD98D58CFD3C2E4A6DABEB1" box="[915,1022,2001,2020]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">X. praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2315793FFD98D58C844C2E4A177BEB0" box="[1028,1107,2002,2021]" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
(e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD98D58CD74C2D8A41AB154" bold="true" box="[308,318,2030,2049]" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">a</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD98D58CE04C2D8A774B154" bold="true" box="[580,592,2030,2049]" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">b</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD98D58CF56C2D8A63BB154" bold="true" box="[790,799,2030,2049]" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">c</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD98D58CF07C2D8A677B154" bold="true" box="[839,851,2030,2049]" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">d</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD98D58C82BC2D8A150B154" bold="true" box="[1131,1140,2030,2049]" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">e</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD98D58C8DDC2DBA180B155" bold="true" box="[1181,1188,2029,2048]" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">f</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD98D58CD3ECD3CA4ACB148" bold="true" box="[382,392,2058,2077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">g</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD98D58CDF2CD3CA49AB148" bold="true" box="[434,446,2058,2077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">h</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDA8D5BCCD7C590A4EDB9EB" blockId="6.[151,757,166,799]" box="[151,457,166,190]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
|||
|
|
<heading id="D0818196FFDA8D5BCCD7C590A4EDB9EB" bold="true" box="[151,457,166,190]" fontSize="10" level="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" reason="6">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCCD7C590A4E6B9EB" bold="true" box="[151,450,166,190]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Hindwing (dorsal surface)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDA8D5BCC8CC5F0A5D1B82A" blockId="6.[151,757,166,799]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCC8CC5F0A5C3B98B" bold="true" box="[204,231,198,222]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">10</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, central and anal light-coloured patches –
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCCD7C5D1A5DCB9AB" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[151,248,231,254]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCCD7C5D1A5DCB9AB" box="[151,248,231,254]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: orange yellow, contrasting with the whitish colour of the discal cell and costal region (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BCEE5C431A790B84A" box="[677,692,263,287]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, a-c);
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCCD7C411A5D9B86A" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[151,253,295,319]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCCD7C411A5D9B86A" box="[151,253,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: relatively pale yellow, having approximately the same colour as the cell and the costal region (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BCEA0C471A7CBB80A" box="[736,751,327,351]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, e and g).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDA8D5BCC8CC4B0A7A4B88A" blockId="6.[151,757,166,799]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCC8CC4B0A5C1B8CB" bold="true" box="[204,229,390,414]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">11</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, yellow central patch –
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCDA1C4B1A766B8CB" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[481,578,391,414]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCDA1C4B1A766B8CB" box="[481,578,391,414]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: well-developed and distinctly triangular (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BCD8FC491A4FAB8EA" box="[463,478,423,447]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, a-c);
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCE61C491A7A3B8EA" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[545,647,423,447]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCE61C491A7A3B8EA" box="[545,647,423,447]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: usually a bit smaller and subtriangular (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BCE47C4F1A732B88A" box="[519,534,455,479]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, e and g).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDA8D5BCC8CC4D0A420BB0A" blockId="6.[151,757,166,799]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCC8CC4D0A5C3B8AB" bold="true" box="[204,231,486,510]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">12</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, dark central region –
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCE4EC4D1A754B8AB" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[526,624,487,510]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCE4EC4D1A754B8AB" box="[526,624,487,510]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: uniformly brown (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BCD60C731A40BBB4A" box="[288,303,519,543]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, a-c);
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCD3DC731A4C7BB4A" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[381,483,519,543]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCD3DC731A4C7BB4A" box="[381,483,519,543]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: usually greyish brown, with dark brown longitudinal stripes between the veins (fig. 2, g).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDA8D5BCC8CC750A7EDBBEA" blockId="6.[151,757,166,799]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCC8CC750A5C3BB2B" bold="true" box="[204,231,614,638]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">13</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, dark streak of the anal angle –
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCE78C751A7BDBB2B" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[568,665,615,638]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCE78C751A7BDBB2B" box="[568,665,615,638]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: usually well indicated, edged with whitish or pale grey (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BCEECC7B1A79FBBCA" box="[684,699,647,671]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, a-c);
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCCD7C791A5D9BBEA" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[151,253,679,703]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCCD7C791A5D9BBEA" box="[151,253,679,703]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: usually less conspicuous (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BCE10C791A77BBBEA" box="[592,607,679,703]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, e and g).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDA8D5BCC8CC7F0A7D1BA4A" blockId="6.[151,757,166,799]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCC8CC7F0A5C3BB8B" bold="true" box="[204,231,710,734]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">14</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, fringe of the termen –
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCDACC7F1A769BB8B" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[492,589,711,734]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCDACC7F1A769BB8B" box="[492,589,711,734]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: dark brown at vein apices, whitish or greyish between veins;
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCEC6C7D1A7C8BBAA" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[646,748,743,767]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCEC6C7D1A7C8BBAA" box="[646,748,743,767]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: pale chestnut (at vein apices) and yellowish (between veins).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDA8D5BCCD7C670A4F0BA0B" blockId="6.[151,756,838,1055]" box="[151,468,838,862]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
|||
|
|
<heading id="D0818196FFDA8D5BCCD7C670A4F0BA0B" bold="true" box="[151,468,838,862]" fontSize="10" level="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" reason="6">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCCD7C670A4E9BA0B" bold="true" box="[151,461,838,862]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Hindwing (ventral surface)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDA8D5BCC8CC650A466BD4A" blockId="6.[151,756,838,1055]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCC8CC650A5C3BA2B" bold="true" box="[204,231,870,894]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">15</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, light-coloured patch below the discal cell –
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCCD7C6B1A5DCBACB" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[151,248,903,926]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCCD7C6B1A5DCBACB" box="[151,248,903,926]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: yellow, well indicated, extending from wing base to the median section of CuA
|
|||
|
|
<subScript id="17F234BFFFDA8D5BCE4BC684A730BA96" attach="left" box="[523,532,946,963]" fontSize="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">2</subScript>
|
|||
|
|
and the basal region of CuA
|
|||
|
|
<subScript id="17F234BFFFDA8D5BCCA8C6E4A5D5BAB6" attach="left" box="[232,241,978,995]" fontSize="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">1</subScript>
|
|||
|
|
(fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BCD6FC6F1A41ABA8A" box="[303,318,967,991]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, d);
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCD31C6F1A4F3BA8A" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[369,471,967,991]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCD31C6F1A4F3BA8A" box="[369,471,967,991]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: rather inconspicuous and ill-delimited, never large, usually yellowish or pinkish (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BCC8CC131A5FFBD4A" box="[204,219,1031,1055]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, f and h).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDA8D5BCCD7C171A706BD0B" blockId="6.[151,756,1094,1247]" box="[151,546,1094,1119]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
|||
|
|
<heading id="D0818196FFDA8D5BCCD7C171A706BD0B" bold="true" box="[151,546,1094,1119]" fontSize="10" level="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" reason="6">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCCD7C171A73FBD0B" bold="true" box="[151,539,1094,1119]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Thorax and abdomen (coloration)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDA8D5BCC8CC150A4A5BD8A" blockId="6.[151,756,1094,1247]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCC8CC150A5C3BD2B" bold="true" box="[204,231,1126,1150]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">16</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, ventral region –
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCDF3C151A730BD2B" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[435,532,1127,1150]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCDF3C151A730BD2B" box="[435,532,1127,1150]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: white or yellowish white (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BCD49C1B1A43CBDCA" box="[265,280,1159,1183]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, d);
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCD05C1B1A48CBDCA" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[325,424,1159,1183]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCD05C1B1A48CBDCA" box="[325,424,1159,1183]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: always pink (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BCE29C1B1A75CBDCA" box="[617,632,1159,1183]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[219,231,2002,2021]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[167,1436,167,1983]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Male (a-f) and female (g, h) adults of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h), in dorsal (a-c, e, g) and ventral (d, f, h) views. – a, Adiopodoumé, Ivory Coast. – b, Ziéla, Dosso, Niger. – c and d, Grande Comore (= Ngazidja). – e and f, Andrangoloaka, east of Lake Mantasoa, Madagascar. – g and h, Ambatofitorahana, Betsileo territory, Madagascar. – Forewing lengths = 57 mm (a-d), 69 mm (e, f), and 79 mm (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856148/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, f and h), as already mentioned in the original description (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFDA8D5BCE34C191A451BD8A" author="Rothschild (Walter) & Jordan (Karl)" journalOrPublisher="Novitates zoologicae" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 972" refId="ref12575" refString="Rothschild (Walter) and Jordan (Karl), 1903. - A revision of the lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates zoologicae, 9, Suppl.: i-cxxxv + 1 - 972, 5 tbls., 67 pls." title="A revision of the lepidopterous family Sphingidae" type="book" year="1903">ROTHSCHILD & JORDAN, 1903: 32</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDA8D5BCCD7C031A465BC4B" blockId="6.[151,757,1286,2079]" box="[151,321,1286,1311]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
|||
|
|
<heading id="D0818196FFDA8D5BCCD7C031A465BC4B" bold="true" box="[151,321,1286,1311]" fontSize="10" level="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" reason="6">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCCD7C031A41EBC4B" bold="true" box="[151,314,1286,1311]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDA8D5BCC8CC010A70EBC8A" blockId="6.[151,757,1286,2079]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCC8CC010A5C2BC6B" bold="true" box="[204,230,1318,1342]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">17</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, in the phallus, ratio between a (= distance between the anterior “elbow” and the posterior extremity of the bulbus ejaculatorius) and b (= length of the sclerotized phallus) –
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCD45C0B1A447BCCB" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[261,355,1415,1438]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCD45C0B1A447BCCB" box="[261,355,1415,1438]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: a long, varying from 48 to 57 percent of b (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BCCBBC091A42EBCEA" box="[251,266,1447,1471]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[869,881,1691,1710]" captionTargetBox="[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-538@6.[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 3. — Male genitalia of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h); phalli detached, in ventral view (b, d, f, h). – a and b, specimen from Ivory Coast. – c and d, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – e and f, Antongil Bay, Madagascar. – g and h, Amber Mountain (Montagne d’Ambre), Madagascar. – same magnification for a-d; for e-h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856150/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, b);
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCD79C091A4BBBCEA" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[313,415,1447,1471]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCD79C091A4BBBCEA" box="[313,415,1447,1471]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: a usually shorter, varying from 41 to 48 percent of b (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BCDF4C0F1A4E7BC8A" box="[436,451,1479,1503]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[869,881,1691,1710]" captionTargetBox="[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-538@6.[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 3. — Male genitalia of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h); phalli detached, in ventral view (b, d, f, h). – a and b, specimen from Ivory Coast. – c and d, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – e and f, Antongil Bay, Madagascar. – g and h, Amber Mountain (Montagne d’Ambre), Madagascar. – same magnification for a-d; for e-h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856150/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, f and h).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDA8D5BCC8CC0D0A41CBF6A" blockId="6.[151,757,1286,2079]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCC8CC0D0A5C2BCAB" bold="true" box="[204,230,1510,1534]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">18</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, saccus –
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCD0FC0D1A489BCAB" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[335,429,1511,1534]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCD0FC0D1A489BCAB" box="[335,429,1511,1534]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: elongate (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BCE09C0D1A773BCAA" box="[585,599,1511,1535]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[869,881,1691,1710]" captionTargetBox="[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-538@6.[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 3. — Male genitalia of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h); phalli detached, in ventral view (b, d, f, h). – a and b, specimen from Ivory Coast. – c and d, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – e and f, Antongil Bay, Madagascar. – g and h, Amber Mountain (Montagne d’Ambre), Madagascar. – same magnification for a-d; for e-h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856150/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, a and c; fig. 7, g and h);
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCCB7C331A47CBF4A" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[247,344,1543,1567]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCCB7C331A47CBF4A" box="[247,344,1543,1567]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: shorter and more robust (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BCECBC331A7BDBF4A" box="[651,665,1543,1567]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[869,881,1691,1710]" captionTargetBox="[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-538@6.[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 3. — Male genitalia of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h); phalli detached, in ventral view (b, d, f, h). – a and b, specimen from Ivory Coast. – c and d, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – e and f, Antongil Bay, Madagascar. – g and h, Amber Mountain (Montagne d’Ambre), Madagascar. – same magnification for a-d; for e-h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856150/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, e and g; fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BCC83C311A5F6BF6B" box="[195,210,1575,1598]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[204,216,1998,2017]" captionTargetBox="[151,1421,1187,1982]" captionTargetId="figure-177@8.[153,1421,1188,1982]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 7. — Uncus and gnathos in Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. (a, b) and X. morganii (c, d) (ventral or lateroventral views); saccus in X. praedicta (e, f) and X. morganii (g, h) (ventral views). – a, Antongil Bay. – b, Amber Mountain. – c, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – d, Grande Comore. – e, Perinet (Analamazaotra). – f, Tsarafidy, near Ambohimahasoa. – g, Grande Comore. – h, Liberia. – same magnification for a-h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856158" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856158/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">7</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, e and f).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDA8D5BCC8CC370A794BE4A" blockId="6.[151,757,1286,2079]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCC8CC370A5C3BF0B" bold="true" box="[204,231,1606,1630]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">19</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, valva –
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCD0CC371A489BF0B" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[332,429,1607,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCD0CC371A489BF0B" box="[332,429,1607,1630]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: relatively narrow, its greatest breadth (c) being less than 1/3 of its total length (d) (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BCC8EC3B1A5F9BFCA" box="[206,221,1671,1695]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[869,881,1691,1710]" captionTargetBox="[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-538@6.[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 3. — Male genitalia of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h); phalli detached, in ventral view (b, d, f, h). – a and b, specimen from Ivory Coast. – c and d, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – e and f, Antongil Bay, Madagascar. – g and h, Amber Mountain (Montagne d’Ambre), Madagascar. – same magnification for a-d; for e-h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856150/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, a and c);
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCD15C3B1A49FBFCA" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[341,443,1671,1695]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCD15C3B1A49FBFCA" box="[341,443,1671,1695]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: broader, c being more than 1/3 of d (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BCD79C391A46CBFEA" box="[313,328,1703,1727]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[869,881,1691,1710]" captionTargetBox="[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-538@6.[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 3. — Male genitalia of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h); phalli detached, in ventral view (b, d, f, h). – a and b, specimen from Ivory Coast. – c and d, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – e and f, Antongil Bay, Madagascar. – g and h, Amber Mountain (Montagne d’Ambre), Madagascar. – same magnification for a-d; for e-h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856150/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, e and g). These distances have been measured on spread genitalia, with c extending transversely from the most convex part of the costa to the ventral edge of the valva, below the praesacculus.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF096672FFDA8D5BCF25C3ADA0ABBE48" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856150" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5856150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856150/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" startId="6.[869,881,1691,1710]" targetBox="[817,1420,167,1672]" targetPageId="6">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDA8D5BCF25C3ADA0ABBE48" blockId="6.[816,1423,1690,1822]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 3. — Male genitalia of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BC833C3ACA00EBFF8" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1139,1322,1690,1709]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BC833C3ACA00EBFF8" box="[1139,1322,1690,1709]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Xanthopan morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(a-d) and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCF70C381A6BEBF9C" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[816,922,1718,1737]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta" status="stat. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCF70C381A6BEBF9C" box="[816,922,1718,1737]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">X. praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2315793FFDA8D5BCFDEC381A6C8BF9F" box="[926,1004,1719,1738]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
(e-h); phalli detached, in ventral view (b, d, f, h). –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCF00C3E4A66FBFB0" bold="true" box="[832,843,1746,1765]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">a</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCF35C3E4A6A5BFB0" bold="true" box="[885,897,1746,1765]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">b</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, specimen from Ivory Coast. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BC8CFC3E4A1BCBFB0" bold="true" box="[1167,1176,1746,1765]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">c</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BC882C3E4A1EABFB0" bold="true" box="[1218,1230,1746,1765]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">d</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCF05C3D8A66ABE54" bold="true" box="[837,846,1774,1793]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">e</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCFC1C3D8A6ACBE54" bold="true" box="[897,904,1774,1793]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">f</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Antongil Bay, Madagascar. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BC8E2C3D8A188BE54" bold="true" box="[1186,1196,1774,1793]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">g</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BC89FC3D8A1CFBE54" bold="true" box="[1247,1259,1774,1793]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">h</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Amber Mountain (Montagne d’Ambre), Madagascar. – same magnification for a-d; for e-h.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDA8D5ACC8CC210A768BFCE" blockId="6.[151,757,1286,2079]" lastBlockId="7.[166,772,1571,2075]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCC8CC210A5C3BE6B" bold="true" box="[204,231,1830,1854]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">20</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, praesacculus (“harpe”) –
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCE42C211A747BE6B" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[514,611,1831,1854]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCE42C211A747BE6B" box="[514,611,1831,1854]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: usually with smooth dorsal edge (disregarding pilosity), except for a strong, undivided, dorso-distal tooth (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BCE07C251A771BE2A" box="[583,597,1895,1919]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[869,881,1691,1710]" captionTargetBox="[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-538@6.[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 3. — Male genitalia of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h); phalli detached, in ventral view (b, d, f, h). – a and b, specimen from Ivory Coast. – c and d, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – e and f, Antongil Bay, Madagascar. – g and h, Amber Mountain (Montagne d’Ambre), Madagascar. – same magnification for a-d; for e-h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856150/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, a and c; fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BCEA1C251A7D4BE2A" box="[737,752,1895,1919]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[219,231,1424,1443]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1407]" captionTargetId="figure-419@7.[168,1436,168,1406]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 4. — Praesacculus in different specimens of Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. (a-e) and X. morganii (f-l). – a, Antongil Bay. – b, Perinet (Analamazaotra). – c, Fort-Dauphin (Tôlañaro). – d, Amber Mountain. – e, Tsarafidy, near Ambohimahasoa. – f, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – g, Grande Comore. – h, Mikese, Tanzania. – i, Uganda. – j, Kisangani, DRC (Zaire). – k, Ipassa, Gabon. – l, Liberia. – same magnification for a-l." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856152/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, f and h-l), occasionally with a supernumerary small tooth proximad of the dorso-distal tooth (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BCE05C291A770BEEA" box="[581,596,1959,1983]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[219,231,1424,1443]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1407]" captionTargetId="figure-419@7.[168,1436,168,1406]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 4. — Praesacculus in different specimens of Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. (a-e) and X. morganii (f-l). – a, Antongil Bay. – b, Perinet (Analamazaotra). – c, Fort-Dauphin (Tôlañaro). – d, Amber Mountain. – e, Tsarafidy, near Ambohimahasoa. – f, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – g, Grande Comore. – h, Mikese, Tanzania. – i, Uganda. – j, Kisangani, DRC (Zaire). – k, Ipassa, Gabon. – l, Liberia. – same magnification for a-l." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856152/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, g);
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCEC6C291A7C8BEEA" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[646,748,1959,1983]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCEC6C291A7C8BEEA" box="[646,748,1959,1983]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: dorsal edge of the praesacculus irregular, with several teeth proximad of the broad dorso-distal projection, which is not very prominent and usually has a crenulate edge (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BCFDFC272A68ABE09" box="[927,942,1860,1884]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[869,881,1691,1710]" captionTargetBox="[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-538@6.[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 3. — Male genitalia of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h); phalli detached, in ventral view (b, d, f, h). – a and b, specimen from Ivory Coast. – c and d, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – e and f, Antongil Bay, Madagascar. – g and h, Amber Mountain (Montagne d’Ambre), Madagascar. – same magnification for a-d; for e-h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856150/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, e and g; fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDA8D5BC805C272A170BE09" box="[1093,1108,1860,1884]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[219,231,1424,1443]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1407]" captionTargetId="figure-419@7.[168,1436,168,1406]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 4. — Praesacculus in different specimens of Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. (a-e) and X. morganii (f-l). – a, Antongil Bay. – b, Perinet (Analamazaotra). – c, Fort-Dauphin (Tôlañaro). – d, Amber Mountain. – e, Tsarafidy, near Ambohimahasoa. – f, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – g, Grande Comore. – h, Mikese, Tanzania. – i, Uganda. – j, Kisangani, DRC (Zaire). – k, Ipassa, Gabon. – l, Liberia. – same magnification for a-l." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856152/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, a-e). According to figure 53 in
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFDA8D5BCF10C252A135BE29" author="Griveaud (Paul)" box="[848,1041,1892,1916]" journalOrPublisher="Faune de Madagascar" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 161" part="8" refId="ref11128" refString="Griveaud (Paul), 1959. - Insectes. Lepidopteres Sphingidae. Faune de Madagascar, 8: 1 - 161." title="Insectes. Lepidopteres Sphingidae" type="journal article" year="1959">GRIVEAUD (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, the dorso-distal projection of the praesacculus of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCF9EC2B3A147BEC9" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[990,1123,1924,1948]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCF9EC2B3A147BEC9" box="[990,1123,1924,1948]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">X. praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
may occasionally resemble that of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCF3EC293A6D9BEE9" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[894,1021,1957,1980]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCF3EC293A6D9BEE9" box="[894,1021,1957,1980]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">X. morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
but it should be noted that his figure is neither a photograph nor a detailed drawing.
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFDA8D5BC968C2F2A686BEA9" author="Kitching (Ian J.)" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" pagination="471 - 527" part="135" refId="ref11643" refString="Kitching (Ian J.), 2002. - The phylogenetic relationships of Morgan's Sphinx, Xanthopan morganii (Walker), the tribe Acherontiini, and allied long-tongued hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae, Sphinginae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 135 (4): 471 - 527." title="The phylogenetic relationships of Morgan's Sphinx, Xanthopan morganii (Walker), the tribe Acherontiini, and allied long-tongued hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae, Sphinginae)" type="journal article" year="2002">KITCHING (2002: 489</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, character 65) had already noticed the difference between
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BCFCFCD33A12AB149" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[911,1038,2053,2076]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BCFCFCD33A12AB149" box="[911,1038,2053,2076]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">X. morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BC800CD33A17CB149" box="[1088,1112,2053,2076]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">X.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
[“
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BC832CD33A1A1B149" box="[1138,1157,2053,2076]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">m</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.”]
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDA8D5BC8E7CD32A029B149" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1191,1293,2052,2076]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDA8D5BC8E7CD32A029B149" box="[1191,1293,2052,2076]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
with regard to the dorsal edge of the proximal region (“lobe”) of the “harpe”, described as “rather” truncate and smooth in the case of the former taxon, provided with “several blunt, irregular teeth” in the case of the latter.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF096672FFDB8D5ACC9BC0A6A018BC8E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856152" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5856152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856152/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" startId="7.[219,231,1424,1443]" targetBox="[166,1436,166,1407]" targetPageId="7">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDB8D5ACC9BC0A6A018BC8E" blockId="7.[166,1436,1424,1499]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 4. — Praesacculus in different specimens of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDB8D5ACECCC0A6A667BCF6" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[652,835,1424,1443]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta" status="stat. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5ACECCC0A6A667BCF6" box="[652,835,1424,1443]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">Xanthopan praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2315793FFDB8D5ACF09C0A6A6BDBCF6" box="[841,921,1424,1443]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
(a-e) and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDB8D5ACFB3C0A6A17DBCF7" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1011,1113,1424,1442]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5ACFB3C0A6A17DBCF7" box="[1011,1113,1424,1442]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">X. morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(f-l). –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5AC8E1C0A6A188BCF6" bold="true" box="[1185,1196,1424,1443]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">a</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Antongil Bay. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5AC908C0A6A070BCF6" bold="true" box="[1352,1364,1424,1443]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">b</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Perinet (Analamazaotra). –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5ACD12C09AA47FBCEA" bold="true" box="[338,347,1452,1471]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">c</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Fort-Dauphin (Tôlañaro). –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5ACE1AC09AA742BCEA" bold="true" box="[602,614,1452,1471]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">d</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Amber Mountain. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5ACF61C09AA60EBCEA" bold="true" box="[801,810,1452,1471]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">e</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Tsarafidy, near Ambohimahasoa. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5AC828C09DA14BBCEB" bold="true" box="[1128,1135,1451,1470]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">f</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5AC907C09AA076BCEA" bold="true" box="[1351,1362,1452,1471]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">g</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Grande Comore. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5ACD47C0FEA437BC8E" bold="true" box="[263,275,1480,1499]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">h</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Mikese, Tanzania. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5ACD90C0F1A4F2BC8F" bold="true" box="[464,470,1479,1498]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">i</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Uganda. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5ACE7FC0F1A762BC8F" bold="true" box="[575,582,1479,1498]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">j</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Kisangani, DRC (Zaire). –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5ACF7CC0FEA66CBC8E" bold="true" box="[828,840,1480,1499]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">k</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Ipassa, Gabon. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5ACFA8C0FEA6CABC8E" bold="true" box="[1000,1006,1480,1499]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">l</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Liberia. – same magnification for a-l.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDB8D5ACC9BC394A470BECE" blockId="7.[166,772,1571,2075]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5ACC9BC394A5D2BFEF" bold="true" box="[219,246,1698,1722]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">21</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, juxta –
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDB8D5ACD1DC395A49ABFEF" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[349,446,1699,1722]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5ACD1DC395A49ABFEF" box="[349,446,1699,1722]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: exhibiting on the left side a small lateroventral projection, which is usually elongate (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDB8D5ACC9CC3D5A5CFBFAE" box="[220,235,1763,1787]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[869,881,1691,1710]" captionTargetBox="[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-538@6.[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 3. — Male genitalia of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h); phalli detached, in ventral view (b, d, f, h). – a and b, specimen from Ivory Coast. – c and d, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – e and f, Antongil Bay, Madagascar. – g and h, Amber Mountain (Montagne d’Ambre), Madagascar. – same magnification for a-d; for e-h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856150/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, a and c; fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDB8D5ACDC5C3D4A4B0BFAF" box="[389,404,1762,1786]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[204,216,1052,1071]" captionTargetBox="[151,1421,166,1035]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 5. — Juxta in four specimens of Xanthopan morganii. – a, Liberia. – b, Ipassa, Gabon. – c, Mikese, Tanzania. – d, Grande Comore. – same magnification as in fig. 6." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856154/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">5</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, a-c), although occasionally short and triangular (as in a specimen from Grande Comore: fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDB8D5ACC91C214A5FBBE6F" box="[209,223,1826,1850]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[204,216,1052,1071]" captionTargetBox="[151,1421,166,1035]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 5. — Juxta in four specimens of Xanthopan morganii. – a, Liberia. – b, Ipassa, Gabon. – c, Mikese, Tanzania. – d, Grande Comore. – same magnification as in fig. 6." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856154/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">5</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, d);
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDB8D5ACD51C215A450BE6E" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[273,372,1827,1851]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5ACD51C215A450BE6E" box="[273,372,1827,1851]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: without well-developed lateroventral projection on the left side (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDB8D5ACDB2C275A725BE0E" box="[498,513,1859,1883]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[869,881,1691,1710]" captionTargetBox="[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-538@6.[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 3. — Male genitalia of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h); phalli detached, in ventral view (b, d, f, h). – a and b, specimen from Ivory Coast. – c and d, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – e and f, Antongil Bay, Madagascar. – g and h, Amber Mountain (Montagne d’Ambre), Madagascar. – same magnification for a-d; for e-h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856150/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, e and g; fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDB8D5ACED2C275A785BE0E" box="[658,673,1859,1883]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[869,881,1052,1071]" captionTargetBox="[151,1421,166,1035]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 6. — Juxta in four specimens of Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. – a, Antongil Bay. – b, Amber Mountain (Montagne d’Ambre). – c, Perinet (Analamazaotra). – d, Tsarafidy, near Ambohimahasoa. – same magnification for a-d." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856156" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856156/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">6</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, a and b) or, at most, with a short, triangular lateroventral projection (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDB8D5ACC9BC2B5A5CEBECE" box="[219,234,1923,1947]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[869,881,1052,1071]" captionTargetBox="[151,1421,166,1035]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 6. — Juxta in four specimens of Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. – a, Antongil Bay. – b, Amber Mountain (Montagne d’Ambre). – c, Perinet (Analamazaotra). – d, Tsarafidy, near Ambohimahasoa. – same magnification for a-d." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856156" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856156/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">6</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, c and d).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDB8D5ACC9BC294A7D2B14E" blockId="7.[166,772,1571,2075]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5ACC9BC294A5D2BEEF" bold="true" box="[219,246,1954,1978]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">22</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, apex of the gnathos (observed ventrally between slide and coverslip) –
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDB8D5ACDC9C2F5A4C3BE8F" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[393,487,1987,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5ACDC9C2F5A4C3BE8F" box="[393,487,1987,2010]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: distinctly notched mesally (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDB8D5ACC99C2D5A5C3BEAE" box="[217,231,2019,2043]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[869,881,1691,1710]" captionTargetBox="[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-538@6.[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 3. — Male genitalia of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h); phalli detached, in ventral view (b, d, f, h). – a and b, specimen from Ivory Coast. – c and d, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – e and f, Antongil Bay, Madagascar. – g and h, Amber Mountain (Montagne d’Ambre), Madagascar. – same magnification for a-d; for e-h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856150/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, a and c; fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDB8D5ACD34C2D5A4A7BEAF" box="[372,387,2019,2042]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[204,216,1998,2017]" captionTargetBox="[151,1421,1187,1982]" captionTargetId="figure-177@8.[153,1421,1188,1982]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 7. — Uncus and gnathos in Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. (a, b) and X. morganii (c, d) (ventral or lateroventral views); saccus in X. praedicta (e, f) and X. morganii (g, h) (ventral views). – a, Antongil Bay. – b, Amber Mountain. – c, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – d, Grande Comore. – e, Perinet (Analamazaotra). – f, Tsarafidy, near Ambohimahasoa. – g, Grande Comore. – h, Liberia. – same magnification for a-h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856158" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856158/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">7</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, c and d);
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDB8D5ACDAFC2D5A776BEAE" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[495,594,2019,2043]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5ACDAFC2D5A776BEAE" box="[495,594,2019,2043]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: blunt or convex mesally, never notched (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDB8D5ACD98CD35A4C3B14E" box="[472,487,2051,2075]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[869,881,1691,1710]" captionTargetBox="[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-538@6.[817,1420,167,1672]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 3. — Male genitalia of Xanthopan morganii (a-d) and X. praedicta stat. nov. (e-h); phalli detached, in ventral view (b, d, f, h). – a and b, specimen from Ivory Coast. – c and d, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – e and f, Antongil Bay, Madagascar. – g and h, Amber Mountain (Montagne d’Ambre), Madagascar. – same magnification for a-d; for e-h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856150/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, e and g; fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDB8D5ACE3CCD35A7AFB14F" box="[636,651,2051,2074]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[204,216,1998,2017]" captionTargetBox="[151,1421,1187,1982]" captionTargetId="figure-177@8.[153,1421,1188,1982]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 7. — Uncus and gnathos in Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. (a, b) and X. morganii (c, d) (ventral or lateroventral views); saccus in X. praedicta (e, f) and X. morganii (g, h) (ventral views). – a, Antongil Bay. – b, Amber Mountain. – c, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – d, Grande Comore. – e, Perinet (Analamazaotra). – f, Tsarafidy, near Ambohimahasoa. – g, Grande Comore. – h, Liberia. – same magnification for a-h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856158" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856158/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">7</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, a and b).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDB8D5ACF7FC315A127BF6F" blockId="7.[831,1437,1570,2075]" box="[831,1027,1570,1595]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
|
|||
|
|
<heading id="D0818196FFDB8D5ACF7FC315A127BF6F" bold="true" box="[831,1027,1570,1595]" fontSize="10" level="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" reason="6">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5ACF7FC315A6D8BF6F" bold="true" box="[831,1020,1570,1595]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDB8D5ACF34C374A032BE0E" blockId="7.[831,1437,1570,2075]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5ACF34C374A6ABBF0F" bold="true" box="[884,911,1602,1626]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">23</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, posterior pouch of the corpus bursae (delimited ventrally, in lateral view, by the anterior, widened region of the ductus bursae) –
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDB8D5AC872C3B5A1B4BFCF" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1074,1168,1667,1690]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5AC872C3B5A1B4BFCF" box="[1074,1168,1667,1690]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: fairly deep (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDB8D5AC907C3B5A047BFCE" box="[1351,1379,1667,1691]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[884,896,1699,1718]" captionTargetBox="[831,1438,166,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-285@9.[833,1436,167,1680]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 10. — Corpus bursae in specimens of Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. (a, b) and X. morganii (c-e) (lateral views). – a, Antananarivo. – b, Ranomafana, west of Ifanadiana. – c, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – d, La Maboke, Central African Republic. – e, Gabon. – x: depth of posterior pouch; y: total length of corpus bursae. – same magnification for a-e." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856162" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856162/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">10</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, c-e), its depth (x) being greater than or equal to one fifth of the total length (y) of the corpus bursae;
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDB8D5AC8FEC3F5A005BF8E" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1214,1313,1731,1755]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5AC8FEC3F5A005BF8E" box="[1214,1313,1731,1755]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: apparently less deep (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDB8D5ACF9FC3D5A6D8BFAE" box="[991,1020,1763,1787]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[884,896,1699,1718]" captionTargetBox="[831,1438,166,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-285@9.[833,1436,167,1680]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 10. — Corpus bursae in specimens of Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. (a, b) and X. morganii (c-e) (lateral views). – a, Antananarivo. – b, Ranomafana, west of Ifanadiana. – c, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – d, La Maboke, Central African Republic. – e, Gabon. – x: depth of posterior pouch; y: total length of corpus bursae. – same magnification for a-e." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856162" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856162/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">10</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, a and b), its depth (x) being less than one fifth of y. This difference in the shape of the corpus bursae is more difficult to appreciate when the genitalia are observed in ventral view (figs.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDB8D5AC8F7C275A1E0BE0E" box="[1207,1220,1859,1883]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="9.[219,231,1158,1177]" captionTargetBox="[166,771,166,1140]" captionTargetId="figure-282@9.[417,771,168,1140]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGS 8 and 9. — 8, Female genitalia of Xanthopan morganii in ventral view (specimen from Gabon). – scale bar = 5 mm. – 9, Female genitalia of Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. in ventral view (specimen from Antananarivo). – scale bar = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856160" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856160/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">8</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDB8D5AC8B9C275A02DBE0E" box="[1273,1289,1859,1883]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="9.[219,231,1158,1177]" captionTargetBox="[166,771,166,1140]" captionTargetId="figure-282@9.[417,771,168,1140]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGS 8 and 9. — 8, Female genitalia of Xanthopan morganii in ventral view (specimen from Gabon). – scale bar = 5 mm. – 9, Female genitalia of Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. in ventral view (specimen from Antananarivo). – scale bar = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856160" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856160/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">9</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDB8D5ACF34C254A05ABEEE" blockId="7.[831,1437,1570,2075]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5ACF34C254A6AABE2F" bold="true" box="[884,910,1890,1914]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">24</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, signum –
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDB8D5AC841C255A17BBE2F" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1025,1119,1891,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5AC841C255A17BBE2F" box="[1025,1119,1891,1914]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: well developed, elliptical and more or less horseshoe-shaped (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDB8D5AC88AC2B5A1C1BECE" box="[1226,1253,1923,1947]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[204,216,787,806]" captionTargetBox="[151,1420,166,770]" captionTargetId="figure-722@10.[151,1420,166,770]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 11. — Signa of specimens of Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. (a-c) and X. morganii (d-h). – a, Amber Mountain. – b, Antananarivo. – c, Ranomafana, west of Ifanadiana. – d, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – e, La Maboke, Central African Republic. – f, Gabon. – g, DRC (Zaire). – h, Ivory Coast. – same magnification for a-h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856164" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856164/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">11</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, d-h);
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDB8D5AC972C2B5A0B1BECE" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1330,1429,1923,1947]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5AC972C2B5A0B1BECE" box="[1330,1429,1923,1947]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: smaller (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDB8D5ACF8AC295A6C1BEEE" box="[970,997,1955,1979]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[204,216,787,806]" captionTargetBox="[151,1420,166,770]" captionTargetId="figure-722@10.[151,1420,166,770]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 11. — Signa of specimens of Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. (a-c) and X. morganii (d-h). – a, Amber Mountain. – b, Antananarivo. – c, Ranomafana, west of Ifanadiana. – d, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – e, La Maboke, Central African Republic. – f, Gabon. – g, DRC (Zaire). – h, Ivory Coast. – same magnification for a-h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856164" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856164/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">11</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, a and b) to almost absent (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDB8D5AC97BC295A072BEEE" box="[1339,1366,1955,1979]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[204,216,787,806]" captionTargetBox="[151,1420,166,770]" captionTargetId="figure-722@10.[151,1420,166,770]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 11. — Signa of specimens of Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. (a-c) and X. morganii (d-h). – a, Amber Mountain. – b, Antananarivo. – c, Ranomafana, west of Ifanadiana. – d, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – e, La Maboke, Central African Republic. – f, Gabon. – g, DRC (Zaire). – h, Ivory Coast. – same magnification for a-h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856164" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856164/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">11</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, c).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFDB8D54CF34C2F4A415BF49" blockId="7.[831,1437,1570,2075]" lastBlockId="9.[166,772,1316,2076]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5ACF34C2F4A6ABBE8F" bold="true" box="[884,911,1986,2010]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">25</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, ostium bursae and sterigma –
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFDB8D5AC8A9C2F5A06EBE8F" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1257,1354,1987,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFDB8D5AC8A9C2F5A06EBE8F" box="[1257,1354,1987,2010]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: lateral sclerotized plates of the lamella antevaginalis posteriorly fused with the lateral edges of the ostium bursae (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFDB8D5AC913CD35A04AB14E" box="[1363,1390,2051,2075]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[219,231,2000,2019]" captionTargetBox="[168,1436,168,1982]" captionTargetId="figure-89@11.[168,1436,168,1982]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 12. — Eighth abdominal segment (with ostium bursae) in females of Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. (a-c, g-i) and X. morganii (d-f, j-l), in ventral (a-f) and lateral (g-l) views. – a and g, Amber Mountain. – b and h, Antananarivo. – c and i, Ranomafana, west of Ifanadiana. – d and j, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – e and k, DRC (Zaire). – f and l, Ivory Coast. - same magnification for a-l." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856166" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856166/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">12</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, d-f; also fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD58D54CD4CC012A402BC69" box="[268,294,1316,1340]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[204,216,1604,1623]" captionTargetBox="[152,755,167,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-620@12.[152,755,167,1579]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 13. — Two males of Xanthopan with unrolled proboscides. – small specimen: X. morganii, Tsoundzou, Mayotte (proboscis length: 9 cm – forewing length: 4.7 cm). – large specimen: X. praedicta stat. nov., Ranomena, east of Ambositra (proboscis length: 28 cm – forewing length: 7 cm). Both specimens: RCPB." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856168" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856168/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">13</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
B in
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD58D54CD2CC012A73BBC69" author="Kitching (Ian J.)" box="[364,543,1316,1340]" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" pagination="471 - 527" part="135" refId="ref11643" refString="Kitching (Ian J.), 2002. - The phylogenetic relationships of Morgan's Sphinx, Xanthopan morganii (Walker), the tribe Acherontiini, and allied long-tongued hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae, Sphinginae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 135 (4): 471 - 527." title="The phylogenetic relationships of Morgan's Sphinx, Xanthopan morganii (Walker), the tribe Acherontiini, and allied long-tongued hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae, Sphinginae)" type="journal article" year="2002">KITCHING, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) so that the plates and the ostium form a single pair of posterior projections in lateral view (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD58D54CD2FC052A4AFBC29" box="[367,395,1380,1404]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[219,231,2000,2019]" captionTargetBox="[168,1436,168,1982]" captionTargetId="figure-89@11.[168,1436,168,1982]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 12. — Eighth abdominal segment (with ostium bursae) in females of Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. (a-c, g-i) and X. morganii (d-f, j-l), in ventral (a-f) and lateral (g-l) views. – a and g, Amber Mountain. – b and h, Antananarivo. – c and i, Ranomafana, west of Ifanadiana. – d and j, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – e and k, DRC (Zaire). – f and l, Ivory Coast. - same magnification for a-l." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856166" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856166/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">12</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, j-l);
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD58D54CD81C052A707BC29" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[449,547,1380,1404]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD58D54CD81C052A707BC29" box="[449,547,1380,1404]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: posterior extremities of the lateral plates of the lamella antevaginalis not merged with the posterior extremities of the edges of the ostium bursae (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD58D54CD70C0F2A469BC89" box="[304,333,1476,1500]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[219,231,2000,2019]" captionTargetBox="[168,1436,168,1982]" captionTargetId="figure-89@11.[168,1436,168,1982]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 12. — Eighth abdominal segment (with ostium bursae) in females of Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. (a-c, g-i) and X. morganii (d-f, j-l), in ventral (a-f) and lateral (g-l) views. – a and g, Amber Mountain. – b and h, Antananarivo. – c and i, Ranomafana, west of Ifanadiana. – d and j, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – e and k, DRC (Zaire). – f and l, Ivory Coast. - same magnification for a-l." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856166" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856166/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">12</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, a-c) so that the plates and the ostium
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD58D54CCE6C0D2A429BCAE" box="[166,269,1508,1532]" form="two" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" rank="form">form two</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
pairs of posterior projections in lateral view (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD58D54CC9BC332A5DCBF49" box="[219,248,1540,1564]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[219,231,2000,2019]" captionTargetBox="[168,1436,168,1982]" captionTargetId="figure-89@11.[168,1436,168,1982]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 12. — Eighth abdominal segment (with ostium bursae) in females of Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. (a-c, g-i) and X. morganii (d-f, j-l), in ventral (a-f) and lateral (g-l) views. – a and g, Amber Mountain. – b and h, Antananarivo. – c and i, Ranomafana, west of Ifanadiana. – d and j, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – e and k, DRC (Zaire). – f and l, Ivory Coast. - same magnification for a-l." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856166" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856166/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">12</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, g-i).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF096672FFD48D55CC8CC12AA723BD33" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856154" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5856154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856154/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" startId="8.[204,216,1052,1071]" targetBox="[151,1421,166,1035]" targetPageId="8">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD48D55CC8CC12AA723BD33" blockId="8.[151,756,1051,1127]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 5. — Juxta in four specimens of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD48D55CE65C12DA7FEBD7B" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[549,730,1051,1070]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD48D55CE65C12DA7FEBD7B" box="[549,730,1051,1070]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">Xanthopan morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD48D55CCD7C101A586BD1F" bold="true" box="[151,162,1079,1098]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">a</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Liberia. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD48D55CD50C101A438BD1F" bold="true" box="[272,284,1079,1098]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">b</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Ipassa, Gabon. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD48D55CD88C101A4F5BD1F" bold="true" box="[456,465,1079,1098]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">c</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Mikese, Tanzania. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD48D55CEDBC101A783BD1F" bold="true" box="[667,679,1079,1098]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">d</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Grande Comore. – same magnification as in fig. 6.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF096672FFD48D55CF25C12AA13BBDD7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856156" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5856156" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856156/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" startId="8.[869,881,1052,1071]" targetBox="[151,1421,166,1035]" targetPageId="8">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD48D55CF25C12AA13BBDD7" blockId="8.[816,1423,1051,1155]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 6. — Juxta in four specimens of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD48D55C891C12DA0A9BD7B" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1233,1421,1051,1070]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta" status="stat. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD48D55C891C12DA0A9BD7B" box="[1233,1421,1051,1070]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">Xanthopan praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2315793FFD48D55CF70C10EA658BD1E" box="[816,892,1080,1099]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
–
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD48D55CFCEC101A6BDBD1F" bold="true" box="[910,921,1079,1098]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">a</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Antongil Bay. – b, Amber Mountain (Montagne d’Ambre). –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD48D55CF02C165A66FBD33" bold="true" box="[834,843,1107,1126]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">c</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Perinet (Analamazaotra). –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD48D55C808C165A170BD33" bold="true" box="[1096,1108,1107,1126]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">d</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Tsarafidy, near Ambohimahasoa. – same magnification for a-d.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF096672FFD48D55CC8CC2F8A021B14D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856158" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5856158" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856158/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" startId="8.[204,216,1998,2017]" targetBox="[151,1421,1187,1982]" targetPageId="8">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD48D55CC8CC2F8A021B14D" blockId="8.[151,1423,1997,2073]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 7. — Uncus and gnathos in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD48D55CDB3C2FBA788BEB5" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[499,684,1997,2016]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta" status="stat. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD48D55CDB3C2FBA788BEB5" box="[499,684,1997,2016]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">Xanthopan praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2315793FFD48D55CEF4C2F8A622BEB4" box="[692,774,1998,2017]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
(a, b) and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD48D55CF2EC2F8A6F3BEB5" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[878,983,1998,2016]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD48D55CF2EC2F8A6F3BEB5" box="[878,983,1998,2016]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">X. morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(c, d) (ventral or lateroventral views); saccus in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD48D55CCD7C2DCA426BEA9" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[151,258,2025,2044]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD48D55CCD7C2DCA426BEA9" box="[151,258,2025,2044]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">X. praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(e, f) and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD48D55CD1DC2DCA4E6BEA9" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[349,450,2026,2044]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD48D55CD1DC2DCA4E6BEA9" box="[349,450,2026,2044]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">X. morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(g, h) (ventral views). –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD48D55CEDBC2DFA782BEA9" bold="true" box="[667,678,2025,2044]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">a</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Antongil Bay. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD48D55CF00C2DFA668BEA9" bold="true" box="[832,844,2025,2044]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">b</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Amber Mountain. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD48D55C846C2DFA12BBEA9" bold="true" box="[1030,1039,2025,2044]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">c</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD48D55C8A7C2DFA1D7BEA9" bold="true" box="[1255,1267,2025,2044]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">d</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Grande Comore. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD48D55CCE8CD33A595B14D" bold="true" box="[168,177,2053,2072]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">e</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Perinet (Analamazaotra). –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD48D55CDEACD33A495B14D" bold="true" box="[426,433,2053,2072]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">f</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Tsarafidy, near Ambohimahasoa. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD48D55CEABCD33A7D2B14D" bold="true" box="[747,758,2053,2072]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">g</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Grande Comore. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD48D55CFE6CD33A696B14D" bold="true" box="[934,946,2053,2072]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">h</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Liberia. – same magnification for a-h.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF096672FFD58D54CC9BC1B0A723BDB9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856160" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5856160" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856160/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" startId="9.[219,231,1158,1177]" targetBox="[166,771,166,1140]" targetPageId="9">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD58D54CC9BC1B0A723BDB9" blockId="9.[166,771,1105,1260]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
|
|||
|
|
FIGS 8 and 9. —
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD58D54CD31C1B3A458BDCD" bold="true" box="[369,380,1157,1176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">8</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Female genitalia of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD58D54CE78C1B3A7CFBDCD" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[568,747,1157,1176]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD58D54CE78C1B3A7CFBDCD" box="[568,747,1157,1176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Xanthopan morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in ventral view (specimen from Gabon). – scale bar = 5 mm. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD58D54CEEFC197A79EBDE1" bold="true" box="[687,698,1185,1204]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">9</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Female genitalia of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD58D54CD4FC18BA4E2BD85" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[271,454,1213,1232]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta" status="stat. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD58D54CD4FC18BA4E2BD85" box="[271,454,1213,1232]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Xanthopan praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2315793FFD58D54CD8DC188A738BD84" box="[461,540,1214,1233]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
in ventral view (specimen from Antananarivo). – scale bar = 5 mm.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD58D54CC9BC312A4C3BEEE" blockId="9.[166,772,1316,2076]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">In the above list, at least seven morphological characters provide clear-cut differences between the two taxa (viz. numbers 3, 4, 10, 16, 22, 25, and also 20 if one takes into account only the proximal region of the praesacculus). The differences corresponding to characters 1, 2, 5, 14, 15, and 18 may also be clear-cut ones, although some of them (such as 14) would need to be examined on fresh specimens (rather than on collection specimens, which often tend to be faded). By contrast, numbers 4, 17, 19 and 23 correspond to insufficiently studied quantitative differences, and numbers 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, and 21 provide differences that are observable in most, though not all, cases.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF096672FFD58D54CF34C395A65BBE17" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856162" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5856162" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856162/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" startId="9.[884,896,1699,1718]" targetBox="[831,1438,166,1858]" targetPageId="9">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD58D54CF34C395A65BBE17" blockId="9.[831,1438,1698,1858]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 10. — Corpus bursae in specimens of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD58D54C8A7C394A0B8BFE0" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1255,1436,1698,1717]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta" status="stat. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD58D54C8A7C394A0B8BFE0" box="[1255,1436,1698,1717]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Xanthopan praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2315793FFD58D54CF7FC389A6A9BF87" box="[831,909,1727,1746]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
(a, b) and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD58D54CFA5C389A16DBF84" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[997,1097,1727,1745]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD58D54CFA5C389A16DBF84" box="[997,1097,1727,1745]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">X. morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(c-e) (lateral views). –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD58D54C94FC388A03EBF84" bold="true" box="[1295,1306,1726,1745]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">a</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Antananarivo. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD58D54CF14C3ECA644BFB8" bold="true" box="[852,864,1754,1773]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">b</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Ranomafana, west of Ifanadiana. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD58D54C8F6C3ECA19BBFB8" bold="true" box="[1206,1215,1754,1773]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">c</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD58D54CF7FC3C0A66FBE5C" bold="true" box="[831,843,1782,1801]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">d</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, La Maboke, Central African Republic. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD58D54C889C3C0A1F6BE5C" bold="true" box="[1225,1234,1782,1801]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">e</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Gabon. – x: depth of posterior pouch; y: total length of corpus bursae. – same magnification for a-e.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD58D54CC9BC2F2A1CAB149" blockId="9.[166,772,1316,2076]" lastBlockId="9.[831,1437,1892,2076]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
|
|||
|
|
On account of (1) a deep, ancient genetic divergence (dated to ca. 7.4 Mya by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD58D54CDF4C2D2A78CBEA9" author="Netz (Christoph & Renner (Susanne S.)" box="[436,680,2020,2044]" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" pagination="469 - 478" part="122" refId="ref12035" refString="Netz (Christoph) and Renner (Susanne S.), 2017. - Long-spurred Angraecum orchids and long-tongued sphingid moths on Madagascar: a time frame for Darwin's predicted Xanthopan / Angraecum coevolution. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 122: 469 - 478." title="Long-spurred Angraecum orchids and long-tongued sphingid moths on Madagascar: a time frame for Darwin's predicted Xanthopan / Angraecum coevolution" type="journal article" year="2017">NETZ & RENNER, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) and (2) the above-mentioned clear-cut morphological differences (e. g. in the ostium bursae),
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD58D54C823C252A65ABEC9" authority="(Walker, 1856)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD58D54C823C252A019BE29" box="[1123,1341,1892,1916]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Xanthopan morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Walker, 1856)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C36C6571FFD58D54CFFCC2B2A6C5BEE9" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" type="nomenclature">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD58D54CFFCC2B2A650BEE9" authority="Rothschild & Jordan, 1903" authorityName="Rothschild" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta" status="stat. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD58D54CFFCC2B2A187BEC9" box="[956,1187,1924,1948]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Xanthopan praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD58D54C8EFC2B2A650BEE9" author="Rothschild (Walter) & Jordan (Karl)" journalOrPublisher="Novitates zoologicae" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" pagination="1 - 972" refId="ref12575" refString="Rothschild (Walter) and Jordan (Karl), 1903. - A revision of the lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates zoologicae, 9, Suppl.: i-cxxxv + 1 - 972, 5 tbls., 67 pls." title="A revision of the lepidopterous family Sphingidae" type="book" year="1903">Rothschild & Jordan, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD58D54CF3BC292A6C5BEE9" bold="true" box="[891,993,1956,1980]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">stat. nov.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C36C6571FFD58D54CFA7C292A1CAB149" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" type="discussion">should henceforth be regarded as distinct species (no longer as “subspecies”), the latter being endemic to Madagascar while the former inhabits sub-Saharan Africa and the Comoro Islands.</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF096672FFD68D57CC8CC625A4F6BA0B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856164" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5856164" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856164/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" startId="10.[204,216,787,806]" targetBox="[151,1420,166,770]" targetPageId="10">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD68D57CC8CC625A4F6BA0B" blockId="10.[151,1421,787,862]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 11. — Signa of specimens of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD68D57CDBEC625A791BA73" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[510,693,787,806]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta" status="stat. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CDBEC625A791BA73" box="[510,693,787,806]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Xanthopan praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2315793FFD68D57CEFCC625A628BA73" box="[700,780,787,806]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
(a-c) and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD68D57CF28C625A6EBBA70" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[872,975,787,805]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CF28C625A6EBBA70" box="[872,975,787,805]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">X. morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(d-h). –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57C860C625A10FBA73" bold="true" box="[1056,1067,787,806]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">a</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Amber Mountain. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57C8AAC625A1D2BA73" bold="true" box="[1258,1270,787,806]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">b</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Antananarivo. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CCD7C619A584BA17" bold="true" box="[151,160,815,834]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">c</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Ranomafana, west of Ifanadiana. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CDA0C619A4C8BA17" bold="true" box="[480,492,815,834]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">d</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CE85C619A7EABA17" bold="true" box="[709,718,815,834]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">e</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, La Maboke, Central African Republic. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57C87EC618A161BA14" bold="true" box="[1086,1093,814,833]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">f</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Gabon. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57C8E7C619A196BA17" bold="true" box="[1191,1202,815,834]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">g</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, DRC (Zaire). –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57C907C619A077BA17" bold="true" box="[1351,1363,815,834]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">h</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Ivory Coast. – same magnification for a-h.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD68D57CC8CC696A413BD62" blockId="10.[151,756,928,1079]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
As emphasized in the next paragraph, the proboscis and forewing lengths are usually greater in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD68D57CE3FC6F6A5D9BAAD" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CE3FC6F6A5D9BAAD" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Xanthopan praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
than in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD68D57CD18C6D6A712BAAD" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[344,566,992,1016]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CD18C6D6A712BAAD" box="[344,566,992,1016]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Xanthopan morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(e. g.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD68D57CE3BC6D6A7E5BAAD" box="[635,705,992,1016]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[204,216,1604,1623]" captionTargetBox="[152,755,167,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-620@12.[152,755,167,1579]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 13. — Two males of Xanthopan with unrolled proboscides. – small specimen: X. morganii, Tsoundzou, Mayotte (proboscis length: 9 cm – forewing length: 4.7 cm). – large specimen: X. praedicta stat. nov., Ranomena, east of Ambositra (proboscis length: 28 cm – forewing length: 7 cm). Both specimens: RCPB." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856168" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856168/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) but they vary in both species, with overlap zones in the measurements.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD68D57CD49C14AA7BABDEC" blockId="10.[238,670,1148,1209]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
<heading id="D0818196FFD68D57CD49C14AA7BABDEC" bold="true" centered="true" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" reason="0">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CD49C14AA7BABDEC" bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
Proboscis length variability in the two species of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD68D57CE4AC1AAA7BABDEC" box="[522,670,1180,1209]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CE4AC1AAA7BABDEC" bold="true" box="[522,670,1180,1209]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Xanthopan</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD68D57CC8CC1D6A07DBD2D" blockId="10.[151,756,1248,2072]" lastBlockId="10.[816,1422,928,2072]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
Although the first measure of the proboscis length (22.5 cm) of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD68D57CD5BC036A4D7BC4D" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[283,499,1280,1304]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CD5BC036A4D7BC4D" box="[283,499,1280,1304]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Xanthopan praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
was given in the original description of this taxon (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD68D57CDE9C016A7CCBC6D" author="Rothschild (Walter) & Jordan (Karl)" box="[425,744,1312,1336]" journalOrPublisher="Novitates zoologicae" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 972" refId="ref12575" refString="Rothschild (Walter) and Jordan (Karl), 1903. - A revision of the lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates zoologicae, 9, Suppl.: i-cxxxv + 1 - 972, 5 tbls., 67 pls." title="A revision of the lepidopterous family Sphingidae" type="book" year="1903">ROTHSCHILD & JORDAN, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), very few studies have been devoted, up to now, to the precise knowledge of this length, with assessment of its variability (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD68D57CD4AC0B6A4F0BCCD" author="Arditti (Joseph) & Elliott (John) & Kitching (Ian J. & Wasserthal (Lutz T.)" box="[266,468,1408,1432]" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" pagination="403 - 432" part="169" refId="ref10472" refString="Arditti (Joseph), Elliott (John), Kitching (Ian J.) and Wasserthal (Lutz T.), 2012. - " Good Heavens what insect can suck it " - Charles Darwin, Angraecum sesquipedale and Xanthopan morganii praedicta. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 169: 403 - 432." title="Good Heavens what insect can suck it " - Charles Darwin, Angraecum sesquipedale and Xanthopan morganii praedicta" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
|||
|
|
ARDITTI &
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CD39C0B6A4B7BCCD" box="[377,403,1408,1432]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 2012
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: Table 4). Such data are even scarcer in scientific literature in the case of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD68D57CE3FC096A5DCBC8D" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CE3FC096A5DCBC8D" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Xanthopan morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. For the latter, the length of the proboscis would be “seven inches and a half” (19 cm) according to
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD68D57CCD7C336A4ACBF4D" author="Wallace (Alfred Russel)" box="[151,392,1536,1560]" journalOrPublisher="Macmillan & Co. publ., London" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 492" refId="ref12762" refString="Wallace (Alfred Russel), 1891. - Natural selection and tropical nature: essays on description and theoretical biology. i-xii + 1 - 492. Macmillan & Co. publ., London." title="Natural selection and tropical nature: essays on description and theoretical biology." type="book" year="1891">WALLACE (1891: 148)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, 12 cm according to
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD68D57CE37C336A465BF6D" author="Martins (Dino J.) & Johnson (Steven D.)" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Botany" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" pagination="650 - 659" part="94" refId="ref11854" refString="Martins (Dino J.) and Johnson (Steven D.), 2007. - Hawkmoth pollination of aerangoid orchids in Kenya, with special reference to nectar sugar concentration gradients in the floral spurs. American Journal of Botany, 94 (4): 650 - 659." title="Hawkmoth pollination of aerangoid orchids in Kenya, with special reference to nectar sugar concentration gradients in the floral spurs" type="journal article" year="2007">MARTINS & JOHNSON (2007</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
; Table 3 – one male), and would have an average value of either 13.8 cm (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD68D57CE62C376A5EFBF2D" author="Ryckewaert (Philippe) & Razanamaro (Onja) & Rasoamanana (Elysee) & Rakotoarimihaja (Tantelinirina) & Ramavovololona (Perle) & Danthu (Pascal)" journalOrPublisher="Bois et Forets des Tropiques" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" pagination="55 - 68" part="307" refId="ref12646" refString="Ryckewaert (Philippe), Razanamaro (Onja), Rasoamanana (Elysee), Rakotoarimihaja (Tantelinirina), Ramavovololona (Perle) and Danthu (Pascal), 2011. - Les Sphingidae, probables pollinisateurs des baobabs malgaches. Bois et Forets des Tropiques, 307 (1): 55 - 68." title="Les Sphingidae, probables pollinisateurs des baobabs malgaches" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
|||
|
|
RYCKEWAERT &
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CE92C376A7CABF0D" box="[722,750,1600,1624]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 2011
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
– 6 individuals) or ca. 15 cm (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD68D57CE4BC356A7D0BF2D" author="Balducci (Marco G.) & Martins (Dino J.) & Johnson (Steven D." box="[523,756,1632,1656]" journalOrPublisher="Plant Systematics and Evolution" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" pagination="765 - 775" part="305" refId="ref10532" refString="Balducci (Marco G.), Martins (Dino J.) and Johnson (Steven D.), 2019. - Pollination of the long-spurred African terrestrial orchid Bonatea steudneri by long-tongued hawkmoths, notably Xanthopan morganii. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 305: 765 - 775." title="Pollination of the long-spurred African terrestrial orchid Bonatea steudneri by long-tongued hawkmoths, notably Xanthopan morganii" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
|||
|
|
BALDUCCI &
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CED7C356A797BF2D" box="[663,691,1632,1656]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 2019
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
– mean based on 12 individuals). In fact, after measuring the proboscides of 47 specimens from the MNHN (Additional data,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD68D57CD1CC3F6A48BBF8D" box="[348,431,1728,1752]" captionStart="Additional" captionStartId="15.[219,310,1913,1932]" captionTargetBox="[166,772,831,1896]" captionTargetId="graphics-166@15.[166,771,831,1896]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Additional data, Table 1. — Forewing and proboscis lengths (cm) in Xanthopan morganii. – last four specimens: CJHL (Rungwe, Hombo, and Convalescence) and RCPB (Tsoundzou). – all other specimens: MNHN." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5874634" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5874634/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Table 1</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), we find an average length of 14.18 cm for
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD68D57CD20C3D7A4C3BFAD" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[352,487,1761,1784]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CD20C3D7A4C3BFAD" box="[352,487,1761,1784]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">X. morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, with the range being 8.9-21.8 cm (it should be noted that the mention “over 22 cm” in
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD68D57CD4CC216A48CBE6D" author="Pinhey (Elliot C. G.)" bookContentInfo="17 pls." box="[268,424,1824,1848]" journalOrPublisher="Longmans publ., Cape Town." pageId="10" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref12323" refString="Pinhey (Elliot C. G.), 1962. - Hawk moths of central and southern Africa. i-ix + 1 - 139, 17 pls. Longmans publ., Cape Town." title="Hawk moths of central and southern Africa" type="book chapter" year="1962">PINHEY (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
concerns the taxon
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD68D57CEC7C216A7C9BE6D" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[647,749,1824,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CEC7C216A7C9BE6D" box="[647,749,1824,1848]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, not the true
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD68D57CD52C277A454BE0D" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[274,368,1857,1880]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CD52C277A454BE0D" box="[274,368,1857,1880]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
; Table 4 of
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD68D57CDA9C276A7E5BE0D" author="Arditti (Joseph) & Elliott (John) & Kitching (Ian J. & Wasserthal (Lutz T.)" box="[489,705,1856,1880]" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" pagination="403 - 432" part="169" refId="ref10472" refString="Arditti (Joseph), Elliott (John), Kitching (Ian J.) and Wasserthal (Lutz T.), 2012. - " Good Heavens what insect can suck it " - Charles Darwin, Angraecum sesquipedale and Xanthopan morganii praedicta. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 169: 403 - 432." title="Good Heavens what insect can suck it " - Charles Darwin, Angraecum sesquipedale and Xanthopan morganii praedicta" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
|||
|
|
ARDITTI &
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CE1CC276A753BE0D" box="[604,631,1856,1880]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(2012)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
may be misleading on that point). We managed to measure a higher number of proboscides in the case of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD68D57CE30C2B7A7D0BECD" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[624,756,1920,1944]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CE30C2B7A7D0BECD" box="[624,756,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">X. praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(Additional data,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD68D57CD20C296A49EBEED" box="[352,442,1952,1976]" captionStart="Additional" captionStartId="15.[884,973,1913,1932]" captionTargetBox="[831,1437,166,1896]" captionTargetId="graphics-661@15.[831,1436,166,1896]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Additional data, Table 2. — Forewing and proboscis lengths (cm) in Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. – first 35 lines: MNHN specimens. – lines 36 (Ranomena) to 43 (Lakato): RCPB. – lines 44 (Ranomafana) to 47 (Amber Mountain): CJHL. – line 55 (female from Ranomafana) and last five lines: NHMUK. – last 30 lines: individuals captured and released by DCL, except for the six NHMUK specimens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5874636" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5874636/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Table 2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 77 individuals, most from MNHN and NHMUK collections, 24 released after measurements (Ranomafana National Park, DCL, March 2020)): we thus have for the proboscis of this Malagasy hawkmoth an average length of 20.8 cm – higher than the means proposed by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD68D57C814C6F6A072BA8D" author="Nilsson (L. Anders) & Jonsson (Lars) & Ra [li] son (Lydia) & Randrianjohany (Emile)" box="[1108,1366,960,984]" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 19" part="26" refId="ref12206" refString="Nilsson (L. Anders), Jonsson (Lars), Ra [li] son (Lydia) and Randrianjohany (Emile), 1985. - Monophily and pollination mechanisms in Angraecum arachnites Schltr. (Orchidaceae) in a guild of long-tongued hawk-moths (Sphingidae) in Madagascar. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 26: 1 - 19." title="Monophily and pollination mechanisms in Angraecum arachnites Schltr. (Orchidaceae) in a guild of long-tongued hawk-moths (Sphingidae) in Madagascar" type="journal article" year="1985">
|
|||
|
|
NILSSON &
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57C8A3C6F6A1DBBA8D" box="[1251,1279,960,984]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(1985)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD68D57CF70C6D6A162BAAD" author="Ryckewaert (Philippe) & Razanamaro (Onja) & Rasoamanana (Elysee) & Rakotoarimihaja (Tantelinirina) & Ramavovololona (Perle) & Danthu (Pascal)" box="[816,1094,992,1016]" journalOrPublisher="Bois et Forets des Tropiques" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" pagination="55 - 68" part="307" refId="ref12646" refString="Ryckewaert (Philippe), Razanamaro (Onja), Rasoamanana (Elysee), Rakotoarimihaja (Tantelinirina), Ramavovololona (Perle) and Danthu (Pascal), 2011. - Les Sphingidae, probables pollinisateurs des baobabs malgaches. Bois et Forets des Tropiques, 307 (1): 55 - 68." title="Les Sphingidae, probables pollinisateurs des baobabs malgaches" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
|||
|
|
RYCKEWAERT &
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CF9BC6D6A6D3BAAD" box="[987,1015,992,1016]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(2011)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, namely, respectively, 19.6 cm (from 8 individuals) and 18.26 cm (from 5 individuals) – with the range being 15.2-28.5 cm (nevertheless RYCKEWAERT &
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CFA2C176A6DABD0D" box="[994,1022,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
found a shorter proboscis (14.5 cm long) in an individual of the Malagasy
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD68D57C895C156A06EBD2D" box="[1237,1354,1120,1144]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57C895C156A06EBD2D" box="[1237,1354,1120,1144]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Xanthopan</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD68D57CF25C1B6A01DB14D" blockId="10.[816,1422,928,2072]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
While the proboscis lengths of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD68D57C894C1B7A07DBDCD" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1236,1369,1153,1176]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57C894C1B7A07DBDCD" box="[1236,1369,1153,1176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">X. morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD68D57CF70C197A693BDED" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[816,951,1184,1208]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CF70C197A693BDED" box="[816,951,1184,1208]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">X. praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
overlap partially (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD68D57C8F4C196A1F5BDED" box="[1204,1233,1184,1208]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[1134,1146,167,186]" captionTargetBox="[165,1052,165,724]" captionTargetId="figure-8@13.[179,1039,180,708]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 14. — Histogram showing proboscis length variability in Xanthopan morganii and X. praedicta stat. nov. (orange and blue bars respectively)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856170" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856170/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">14</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), the commonest lengths are still more remote from one another (12-13 cm; 20 cm) than are their respective means (ca. 14.2 cm; 20.8 cm). Examining the length of the proboscis in terms of moth size (appraised via forewing length) and taking into account the sexes (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD68D57CFE2C076A69ABC0D" box="[930,958,1344,1368]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[1134,1146,755,774]" captionTargetBox="[165,1052,754,1421]" captionTargetId="figure-10@13.[175,1041,769,1405]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 15. — Proboscis length values in relation to size (estimated using forewing length), in males and females of Xanthopan morganii." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856172" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856172/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">15</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), females of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD68D57C805C077A1E4BC0D" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1093,1216,1345,1368]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57C805C077A1E4BC0D" box="[1093,1216,1345,1368]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">X. morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
are routinely larger than the males of this taxon and usually have longer proboscides (16.2 cm on average; range: 12.3-21.8 cm – contra 13.4 cm (range: 8.9-18.3 cm) in the males), with a few values over 20 cm (three in our dataset). A 2
|
|||
|
|
<superScript id="7C039BB2FFD68D57C941C088A035BC99" attach="left" box="[1281,1297,1470,1484]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">nd</superScript>
|
|||
|
|
order polynomial trendline made with Excel (fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD68D57C8AAC0D6A021BCAD" box="[1258,1285,1504,1528]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[204,216,1057,1076]" captionTargetBox="[151,1421,166,1035]" captionTargetId="figure-8@14.[180,1392,199,994]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 17. — Xanthopan morganii: trend of increasing proboscis length with moth size (2nd order polynomial trendline made with Excel). – x-axis: forewing length (cm); y-axis: proboscis length (cm). – data points correspond to average values; the standard deviation for a given point is represented by a vertical line." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856176/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">17</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) shows that proboscis length is roughly proportional to forewing length in the case of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD68D57CF8BC317A16FBF6D" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[971,1099,1569,1592]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57CF8BC317A16FBF6D" box="[971,1099,1569,1592]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">X. morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. By contrast, in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD68D57C941C317A0A2BF6D" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1281,1414,1568,1592]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57C941C317A0A2BF6D" box="[1281,1414,1568,1592]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">X. praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, the longest proboscides were found in males (fig. 16 based on the data in Additional data,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD68D57C8C4C356A1F2BF2D" box="[1156,1238,1632,1656]" captionStart="Additional" captionStartId="15.[884,973,1913,1932]" captionTargetBox="[831,1437,166,1896]" captionTargetId="graphics-661@15.[831,1436,166,1896]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Additional data, Table 2. — Forewing and proboscis lengths (cm) in Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. – first 35 lines: MNHN specimens. – lines 36 (Ranomena) to 43 (Lakato): RCPB. – lines 44 (Ranomafana) to 47 (Amber Mountain): CJHL. – line 55 (female from Ranomafana) and last five lines: NHMUK. – last 30 lines: individuals captured and released by DCL, except for the six NHMUK specimens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5874636" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5874636/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Table 2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), with one value (28.5 cm, from Ranomafana) seemingly representing an absolute record for a lepidopteran proboscis length (28 cm, in certain individuals of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD68D57C8F0C3F6A120BFAD" authority="(Boisduval, [1875])" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Amphimoea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="walkeri">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57C8F0C3F6A0A9BF8D" box="[1200,1421,1728,1752]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Amphimoea walkeri</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Boisduval, [1875])
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, had been previously regarded as the highest figure among insect haustellum lengths:
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD68D57C976C236A64DBE6D" author="Miller (William E.)" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" pagination="9 - 31" part="51" refId="ref11998" refString="Miller (William E.), 1997. - Diversity and evolution of tongue length in hawkmoths (Sphingidae). Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society, 51 (1): 9 - 31." title="Diversity and evolution of tongue length in hawkmoths (Sphingidae)" type="journal article" year="1997">MILLER, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Nevertheless, in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD68D57C801C217A1EEBE6D" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1089,1226,1824,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD68D57C801C217A1EEBE6D" box="[1089,1226,1824,1848]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">X. praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
too, the average length of the proboscis is higher in females (21.97 cm; range: 18.6-25.4 cm) than in males (20.65 cm; range: 15.2-28.5 cm). For this species, the 2
|
|||
|
|
<superScript id="7C039BB2FFD68D57C8FDC248A1E9BED9" attach="left" box="[1213,1229,1918,1932]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">nd</superScript>
|
|||
|
|
order polynomial trendline (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD68D57CFDEC296A6C1BEED" box="[926,997,1952,1976]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[204,216,2028,2047]" captionTargetBox="[151,1422,1215,2009]" captionTargetId="figure-11@14.[180,1392,1230,2008]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 18. — Xanthopan praedicta: trend of increasing proboscis length with moth size (2nd order polynomial trendline made with Excel). – x-axis: forewing length (cm); y-axis: proboscis length (cm). – see fig. 17 for remarks about data points and vertical lines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856178/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) is distinctly curved and becomes more or less horizontal for the larger specimens (females), which suggests that proboscides significantly exceeding 28.5 cm are unlikely to be found in Madagascar.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF096672FFD78D56CC9BC2E6A125B14F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856166" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5856166" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856166/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="80" startId="11.[219,231,2000,2019]" targetBox="[168,1436,168,1982]" targetPageId="11">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD78D56CC9BC2E6A125B14F" blockId="11.[166,1437,1999,2075]" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 12. — Eighth abdominal segment (with ostium bursae) in females of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD78D56CF1EC2F9A130BEB7" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[862,1044,1999,2018]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta" status="stat. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD78D56CF1EC2F9A130BEB7" box="[862,1044,1999,2018]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">Xanthopan praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2315793FFD78D56C85AC2E6A14DBEB6" box="[1050,1129,2000,2019]" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
(a-c, g-i) and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD78D56C8A5C2E6A06EBEB7" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1253,1354,2000,2018]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD78D56C8A5C2E6A06EBEB7" box="[1253,1354,2000,2018]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">X. morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(d-f, j-l), in ventral (a-f) and lateral (g-l) views. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD78D56CE4BC2DDA732BEAB" bold="true" box="[523,534,2027,2046]" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">a</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD78D56CE02C2DDA769BEAB" bold="true" box="[578,589,2027,2046]" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">g</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Amber Mountain. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD78D56CF4BC2DDA633BEAB" bold="true" box="[779,791,2027,2046]" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">b</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD78D56CF03C2DDA66BBEAB" bold="true" box="[835,847,2027,2046]" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">h</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Antananarivo. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD78D56CFACC2DDA6D1BEAB" bold="true" box="[1004,1013,2027,2046]" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">c</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD78D56C862C2DDA10CBEAB" bold="true" box="[1058,1064,2027,2046]" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">i</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Ranomafana, west of Ifanadiana. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD78D56C92BC2DDA053BEAB" bold="true" box="[1387,1399,2027,2046]" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">d</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD78D56CCE6CD31A589B14F" bold="true" box="[166,173,2055,2074]" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">j</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD78D56CDC4CD31A4A9B14F" bold="true" box="[388,397,2055,2074]" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">e</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD78D56CDF8CD31A4E0B14F" bold="true" box="[440,452,2055,2074]" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">k</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, DRC (Zaire). –
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD78D56CE17CD31A77AB14F" bold="true" box="[599,606,2055,2074]" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">f</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD78D56CEC9CD31A7ABB14F" bold="true" box="[649,655,2055,2074]" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">l</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Ivory Coast. - same magnification for a-l.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF096672FFD08D51CC8CC372A71DBF93" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856168" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5856168" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856168/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" startId="12.[204,216,1604,1623]" targetBox="[152,755,167,1579]" targetPageId="12">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD08D51CC8CC372A71DBF93" blockId="12.[151,757,1603,1734]" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 13. — Two males of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51CDECC375A72EBF03" box="[428,522,1603,1622]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CDECC375A72EBF03" box="[428,522,1603,1622]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Xanthopan</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
with unrolled proboscides. – small specimen:
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51CD77C356A722BF27" authority=", Tsoundzou" authorityName="Tsoundzou" box="[311,518,1631,1651]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CD77C356A4BFBF27" box="[311,411,1632,1650]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">X. morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, Tsoundzou
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, Mayotte (proboscis length: 9 cm – forewing length: 4.7 cm). – large specimen:
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51CE1FC34AA7EEBFDB" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[607,714,1659,1678]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta" status="stat. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CE1FC34AA7EEBFDB" box="[607,714,1659,1678]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">X. praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2315793FFD08D51CE91C34DA59ABFFF" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
, Ranomena, east of Ambositra (proboscis length: 28 cm – forewing length: 7 cm). Both specimens: RCPB.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD08D51CD53C23DA75CBE7D" blockId="12.[275,632,1803,1832]" box="[275,632,1803,1832]" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">
|
|||
|
|
<heading id="D0818196FFD08D51CD53C23DA75CBE7D" bold="true" box="[275,632,1803,1832]" centered="true" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" reason="0">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CD53C23DA75CBE7D" bold="true" box="[275,632,1803,1832]" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Discussion and conclusion</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD08D52CC8CC272A42EBB0A" blockId="12.[151,756,1860,2076]" lastBlockId="15.[166,771,167,799]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">
|
|||
|
|
Despite the absence of an absolute difference in proboscis length, the proboscis of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51CE50C252A7D0BE29" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[528,756,1892,1916]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CE50C252A7D0BE29" box="[528,756,1892,1916]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Xanthopan praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is usually much longer than that of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51CE62C2B3A787BEC9" box="[546,675,1925,1948]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CE62C2B3A787BEC9" box="[546,675,1925,1948]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">X. morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, which assuredly reflects adaptations to different sets of visited flowers, especially among long-spurred orchids. Since most sphingophilous flowers are visited at night, their pollinators remain poorly known, notably in tropical regions. To date, only three African orchids have been recorded as sphingophilous flowers visited or pollinated by
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51CF12C5D1A6F5B9AB" box="[850,977,231,254]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CF12C5D1A6F5B9AB" box="[850,977,231,254]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">X. morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, namely
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51C873C5D1A036B9AA" box="[1075,1298,231,255]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Aerangis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kotschyana">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51C873C5D1A036B9AA" box="[1075,1298,231,255]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Aerangis kotschyana</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51C95FC5D1A689B84B" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Rangaeris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amaniensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51C95FC5D1A689B84B" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Rangaeris amaniensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51C848C431A1C6B84A" box="[1032,1250,263,287]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Bonatea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="steudneri">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51C848C431A1C6B84A" box="[1032,1250,263,287]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Bonatea steudneri</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD08D51C8BFC431A6F1B86A" author="Martins (Dino J.) & Johnson (Steven D.)" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Botany" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" pagination="650 - 659" part="94" refId="ref11854" refString="Martins (Dino J.) and Johnson (Steven D.), 2007. - Hawkmoth pollination of aerangoid orchids in Kenya, with special reference to nectar sugar concentration gradients in the floral spurs. American Journal of Botany, 94 (4): 650 - 659." title="Hawkmoth pollination of aerangoid orchids in Kenya, with special reference to nectar sugar concentration gradients in the floral spurs" type="journal article" year="2007">MARTINS & JOHNSON, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD08D51CFA4C411A1F8B86A" author="Balducci (Marco G.) & Martins (Dino J.) & Johnson (Steven D." box="[996,1244,295,319]" journalOrPublisher="Plant Systematics and Evolution" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" pagination="765 - 775" part="305" refId="ref10532" refString="Balducci (Marco G.), Martins (Dino J.) and Johnson (Steven D.), 2019. - Pollination of the long-spurred African terrestrial orchid Bonatea steudneri by long-tongued hawkmoths, notably Xanthopan morganii. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 305: 765 - 775." title="Pollination of the long-spurred African terrestrial orchid Bonatea steudneri by long-tongued hawkmoths, notably Xanthopan morganii" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
|||
|
|
BALDUCCI &
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51C837C411A1B7B86A" box="[1143,1171,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 2019
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). None of these three
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51CF2AC471A6CBB80A" box="[874,1007,327,351]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Orchidaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
occurs in Madagascar, an island which nevertheless houses numerous species of long-spurred orchids (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD08D51CFD2C4B1A1E5B8CA" author="Bosser (Jean & Lecoufle (Marcel)" box="[914,1217,391,415]" journalOrPublisher="Biotope (collection Parthenope) publ., Meze" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" refId="ref10692" refString="Bosser (Jean) et Lecoufle (Marcel), 2011. - Les Orchidees de Madagascar. Orchids of Madagascar. 1 - 496. Biotope (collection Parthenope) publ., Meze." title="Les Orchidees de Madagascar. Orchids of Madagascar" type="book" year="2011">BOSSER & LECOUFLE, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD08D51C890C4B1A643B8EA" author="Netz (Christoph & Renner (Susanne S.)" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" pagination="469 - 478" part="122" refId="ref12035" refString="Netz (Christoph) and Renner (Susanne S.), 2017. - Long-spurred Angraecum orchids and long-tongued sphingid moths on Madagascar: a time frame for Darwin's predicted Xanthopan / Angraecum coevolution. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 122: 469 - 478." title="Long-spurred Angraecum orchids and long-tongued sphingid moths on Madagascar: a time frame for Darwin's predicted Xanthopan / Angraecum coevolution" type="journal article" year="2017">NETZ & RENNER, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The predicted pollination of Darwin’s Comet Orchid (
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51CF79C4F1A16DB88A" authorityName="Thouars" authorityYear="1822" box="[825,1097,455,479]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Angraecum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sesquipedale">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CF79C4F1A16DB88A" box="[825,1097,455,479]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Angraecum sesquipedale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, endemic to Madagascar) by
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51CF70C4D1A69CB8AA" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[816,952,487,511]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CF70C4D1A69CB8AA" box="[816,952,487,511]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">X. praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
was eventually confirmed by a viscidium found on a moth in 1992 and photographs of it visiting flowers of the orchid (see
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD08D51C81FC711A0A6BB6A" author="Arditti (Joseph) & Elliott (John) & Kitching (Ian J. & Wasserthal (Lutz T.)" box="[1119,1410,551,575]" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" pagination="403 - 432" part="169" refId="ref10472" refString="Arditti (Joseph), Elliott (John), Kitching (Ian J.) and Wasserthal (Lutz T.), 2012. - " Good Heavens what insect can suck it " - Charles Darwin, Angraecum sesquipedale and Xanthopan morganii praedicta. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 169: 403 - 432." title="Good Heavens what insect can suck it " - Charles Darwin, Angraecum sesquipedale and Xanthopan morganii praedicta" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
|||
|
|
ARDITTI &
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51C8A0C711A1D1BB6A" box="[1248,1269,551,575]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
., 2012: 419
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), also thanks to behavioural observations in captivity (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD08D51CF77C751A12ABB2A" author="Wasserthal (Lutz T.)" box="[823,1038,615,639]" journalOrPublisher="Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" pagination="77 - 87" refId="ref12799" refString="Wasserthal (Lutz T.), 1993. - Swing-hovering combined with long tongue in hawkmoths, an antipredator adaptation during flower visits. In Barthlott (Wilhelm), Naumann (Clas M.), Schmidt-Loske (Katharina), Schuchmann (Karl-L.) (eds), Animal-plant interaction in tropical environments (Results of the Annual Meeting of the German Society for Tropical Ecology held at Bonn, February 13 - 16, 1992), pp. 77 - 87. Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn." title="Swing-hovering combined with long tongue in hawkmoths, an antipredator adaptation during flower visits" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Barthlott (Wilhelm), Naumann (Clas M.), Schmidt-Loske (Katharina), Schuchmann (Karl-L.) (eds), Animal-plant interaction in tropical environments (Results of the Annual Meeting of the German Society for Tropical Ecology held at Bonn, February 13 - 16, 1992)" year="1993">WASSERTHAL, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD08D51C860C751A17CBB2A" author="Wasserthal (Lutz T.)" box="[1056,1112,615,639]" journalOrPublisher="Tropical biocenoses. Reports of the German Research Foundation [Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)]" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" pagination="22 - 25" part="96" refId="ref12896" refString="Wasserthal (Lutz T.), 1996. - Of hawkmoth species with long " tongues ". Tropical biocenoses. Reports of the German Research Foundation [Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)], 1 / 96: 22 - 25." title="Of hawkmoth species with long " tongues" type="journal article" year="1996">1996</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD08D51C82AC751A185BB2A" author="Wasserthal (Lutz T.)" box="[1130,1185,615,639]" journalOrPublisher="Botanica Acta" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" pagination="343 - 359" part="110" refId="ref12940" refString="Wasserthal (Lutz T.), 1997. - The pollinators of the Malagasy Star Orchids Angraecum sesquipedale, A. sororium and A. compactum and the evolution of extremely long spurs by pollinator shift. Botanica Acta, 110 (5): 343 - 359." title="The pollinators of the Malagasy Star Orchids Angraecum sesquipedale, A. sororium and A. compactum and the evolution of extremely long spurs by pollinator shift" type="journal article" year="1997">1997</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) and, most recently, in the wild, with a film (made by Philip DEVRIES in 2004) that can still be watched on the Web (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OMVN1EWxfAU). However
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51CFE1C7D1A101BBAA" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[929,1061,743,767]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CFE1C7D1A101BBAA" box="[929,1061,743,767]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">X. praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
may possibly not be the sole pollinator of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51CF87C631A14BBA4A" authorityName="Thouars" authorityYear="1822" box="[967,1135,775,799]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Angraecum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sesquipedale">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CF87C631A14BBA4A" box="[967,1135,775,799]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">A. sesquipedale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, even though this orchid has an exceptionally long nectar tube (the “spur” ranging from 27 to 43 cm according to
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD08D51C83CC671A0A6BA0A" author="Wasserthal (Lutz T.)" box="[1148,1410,839,863]" journalOrPublisher="Botanica Acta" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" pagination="343 - 359" part="110" refId="ref12940" refString="Wasserthal (Lutz T.), 1997. - The pollinators of the Malagasy Star Orchids Angraecum sesquipedale, A. sororium and A. compactum and the evolution of extremely long spurs by pollinator shift. Botanica Acta, 110 (5): 343 - 359." title="The pollinators of the Malagasy Star Orchids Angraecum sesquipedale, A. sororium and A. compactum and the evolution of extremely long spurs by pollinator shift" type="journal article" year="1997">WASSERTHAL, 1997: 344</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Indeed
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51CF3FC651A1D3BA2B" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[895,1271,870,895]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Agrius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convolvuli">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CF3FC651A11FBA2A" box="[895,1083,871,895]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Agrius convolvuli</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Linnaeus, 1758)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
was observed visiting flowers of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51CFBFC6B1A18CBACA" authorityName="Thouars" authorityYear="1822" box="[1023,1192,903,927]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Angraecum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sesquipedale">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CFBFC6B1A18CBACA" box="[1023,1192,903,927]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">A. sesquipedale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in a large flight tent, although without removing the pollinaria of these flowers (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD08D51CF77C6F1A129BA8A" author="Wasserthal (Lutz T.)" box="[823,1037,967,991]" journalOrPublisher="Botanica Acta" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" pagination="343 - 359" part="110" refId="ref12940" refString="Wasserthal (Lutz T.), 1997. - The pollinators of the Malagasy Star Orchids Angraecum sesquipedale, A. sororium and A. compactum and the evolution of extremely long spurs by pollinator shift. Botanica Acta, 110 (5): 343 - 359." title="The pollinators of the Malagasy Star Orchids Angraecum sesquipedale, A. sororium and A. compactum and the evolution of extremely long spurs by pollinator shift" type="journal article" year="1997">WASSERTHAL, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). It should be noted that, with an average length of 11 cm (range: ca. 8.5-15.5 cm –
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD08D51CF70C131A165BD4A" author="Ryckewaert (Philippe) & Razanamaro (Onja) & Rasoamanana (Elysee) & Rakotoarimihaja (Tantelinirina) & Ramavovololona (Perle) & Danthu (Pascal)" box="[816,1089,1031,1055]" journalOrPublisher="Bois et Forets des Tropiques" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" pagination="55 - 68" part="307" refId="ref12646" refString="Ryckewaert (Philippe), Razanamaro (Onja), Rasoamanana (Elysee), Rakotoarimihaja (Tantelinirina), Ramavovololona (Perle) and Danthu (Pascal), 2011. - Les Sphingidae, probables pollinisateurs des baobabs malgaches. Bois et Forets des Tropiques, 307 (1): 55 - 68." title="Les Sphingidae, probables pollinisateurs des baobabs malgaches" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
|||
|
|
RYCKEWAERT &
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CF9FC131A6DFBD4A" box="[991,1019,1031,1055]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 2011
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), the proboscides of Malagasy specimens of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51CF82C111A15ABD6A" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[962,1150,1063,1087]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Agrius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convolvuli">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CF82C111A15ABD6A" box="[962,1150,1063,1087]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Agrius convolvuli</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
are markedly longer than those of conspecifics from Europe or mainland Africa (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD08D51CF78C151A167BD2A" author="Nilsson (L. Anders) & Jonsson (Lars) & Ra [li] son (Lydia) & Randrianjohany (Emile)" box="[824,1091,1126,1151]" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 19" part="26" refId="ref12206" refString="Nilsson (L. Anders), Jonsson (Lars), Ra [li] son (Lydia) and Randrianjohany (Emile), 1985. - Monophily and pollination mechanisms in Angraecum arachnites Schltr. (Orchidaceae) in a guild of long-tongued hawk-moths (Sphingidae) in Madagascar. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 26: 1 - 19." title="Monophily and pollination mechanisms in Angraecum arachnites Schltr. (Orchidaceae) in a guild of long-tongued hawk-moths (Sphingidae) in Madagascar" type="journal article" year="1985">
|
|||
|
|
NILSSON &
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CFFEC151A6FEBD2A" box="[958,986,1127,1151]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 1985: 8
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Moreover, although – quite surprisingly – reported only recently (e. g.
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD08D51C8B2C1B1A64FBDEB" author="Nilsson (L. Anders) & Jonsson (Lars) & Ra [li] son (Lydia) & Randrianjohany (Emile)" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 19" part="26" refId="ref12206" refString="Nilsson (L. Anders), Jonsson (Lars), Ra [li] son (Lydia) and Randrianjohany (Emile), 1985. - Monophily and pollination mechanisms in Angraecum arachnites Schltr. (Orchidaceae) in a guild of long-tongued hawk-moths (Sphingidae) in Madagascar. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 26: 1 - 19." title="Monophily and pollination mechanisms in Angraecum arachnites Schltr. (Orchidaceae) in a guild of long-tongued hawk-moths (Sphingidae) in Madagascar" type="journal article" year="1985">
|
|||
|
|
NILSSON &
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51C92BC1B1A05BBDCA" box="[1387,1407,1159,1183]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
., 1985
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), Madagascar possesses another
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51C950C191A0A9BDEA" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[1296,1421,1191,1215]" pageId="12" pageNumber="73" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Sphinginae">Sphinginae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
equipped with a very long proboscis, namely
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51C96BC1F1A165BDAA" authority="(Boisduval, 1833)" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Coelonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solani">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51C96BC1F1A655BDAA" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Coelonia solani</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Boisduval, 1833)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, which has an average tongue length of 17.6 cm (range: 13-24 cm according to
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD08D51CF70C011A11FBC6A" author="Ryckewaert (Philippe) & Razanamaro (Onja) & Rasoamanana (Elysee) & Rakotoarimihaja (Tantelinirina) & Ramavovololona (Perle) & Danthu (Pascal)" box="[816,1083,1319,1343]" journalOrPublisher="Bois et Forets des Tropiques" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" pagination="55 - 68" part="307" refId="ref12646" refString="Ryckewaert (Philippe), Razanamaro (Onja), Rasoamanana (Elysee), Rakotoarimihaja (Tantelinirina), Ramavovololona (Perle) and Danthu (Pascal), 2011. - Les Sphingidae, probables pollinisateurs des baobabs malgaches. Bois et Forets des Tropiques, 307 (1): 55 - 68." title="Les Sphingidae, probables pollinisateurs des baobabs malgaches" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
|||
|
|
RYCKEWAERT &
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CF9AC011A6D2BC6A" box="[986,1014,1319,1343]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 2011
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Although
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51C8F4C011A030BC6A" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[1204,1300,1319,1343]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Coelonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solani">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51C8F4C011A030BC6A" box="[1204,1300,1319,1343]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">C. solani</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is the main pollinator of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51CFFEC071A0ADBC0A" authority="(WASSERTHAL, 1997)" baseAuthorityName="WASSERTHAL" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[958,1417,1351,1375]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Angraecum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sororium">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CFFEC071A185BC0B" box="[958,1185,1351,1374]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Angraecum sororium</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD08D51C8F0C071A0A5BC0A" author="Wasserthal (Lutz T.)" box="[1200,1409,1351,1375]" journalOrPublisher="Botanica Acta" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" pagination="343 - 359" part="110" refId="ref12940" refString="Wasserthal (Lutz T.), 1997. - The pollinators of the Malagasy Star Orchids Angraecum sesquipedale, A. sororium and A. compactum and the evolution of extremely long spurs by pollinator shift. Botanica Acta, 110 (5): 343 - 359." title="The pollinators of the Malagasy Star Orchids Angraecum sesquipedale, A. sororium and A. compactum and the evolution of extremely long spurs by pollinator shift" type="journal article" year="1997">WASSERTHAL, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, the sister species of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51C854C051A655BCCA" authority="(NETZ & RENNER, 2017)" baseAuthorityName="NETZ & RENNER" baseAuthorityYear="2017" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Angraecum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sesquipedale">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51C854C051A19BBC2A" box="[1044,1215,1383,1407]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">A. sesquipedale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD08D51C890C051A64DBCCA" author="Netz (Christoph & Renner (Susanne S.)" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" pagination="469 - 478" part="122" refId="ref12035" refString="Netz (Christoph) and Renner (Susanne S.), 2017. - Long-spurred Angraecum orchids and long-tongued sphingid moths on Madagascar: a time frame for Darwin's predicted Xanthopan / Angraecum coevolution. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 122: 469 - 478." title="Long-spurred Angraecum orchids and long-tongued sphingid moths on Madagascar: a time frame for Darwin's predicted Xanthopan / Angraecum coevolution" type="journal article" year="2017">NETZ & RENNER, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, we cannot completely rule out a possible role of this hawkmoth in the pollination of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51C94EC091A69EBC8A" baseAuthorityName="NETZ & RENNER" baseAuthorityYear="2017" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Angraecum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sesquipedale">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51C94EC091A69EBC8A" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Angraecum sesquipedale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(despite the fact that it did not visit two flowers of this orchid in a greenhouse in Germany:
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51C916C0D1A05BBCAA" box="[1366,1407,1511,1535]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">ibid</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
., p. 353). On the other hand,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51C814C331A1F3BF4A" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1108,1239,1543,1567]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51C814C331A1F3BF4A" box="[1108,1239,1543,1567]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">X. praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is known to visit flowers of different species, some in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51C944C311A0A9BF6A" box="[1284,1421,1575,1599]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Orchidaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51CF79C371A16DBF0A" baseAuthorityName="NETZ & RENNER" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[825,1097,1607,1631]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Angraecum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sesquipedale">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CF79C371A16DBF0A" box="[825,1097,1607,1631]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Angraecum sesquipedale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51C8C5C371A0A2BF0B" box="[1157,1414,1607,1630]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Angraecum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="compactum">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51C8C5C371A0A2BF0B" box="[1157,1414,1607,1630]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Angraecum compactum</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
; perhaps also
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51CF87C351A0A5BF2A" authority=": NILSSON & al., 1987" authorityName="NILSSON" authorityYear="1987" box="[967,1409,1639,1663]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Aerangis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fuscata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CF87C351A15ABF2A" box="[967,1150,1639,1663]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Aerangis fuscata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD08D51C8D3C351A0A5BF2A" author="Nilsson (L. Anders) & Jonsson (Lars) & Ralison (Lydia) & Randrianjohany (Emile)" box="[1171,1409,1639,1663]" journalOrPublisher="Biotropica" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" pagination="310 - 318" part="19" refId="ref12272" refString="Nilsson (L. Anders), Jonsson (Lars), Ralison (Lydia) and Randrianjohany (Emile), 1987. - Angraecoid orchids and hawkmoths in central Madagascar: specialized pollination systems and generalist foragers. Biotropica, 19 (4): 310 - 318." title="Angraecoid orchids and hawkmoths in central Madagascar: specialized pollination systems and generalist foragers" type="journal article" year="1987">
|
|||
|
|
NILSSON &
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51C95BC351A012BF2A" box="[1307,1334,1639,1663]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 1987
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
), some in other families:
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51C867C3B1A1B3BFCA" box="[1063,1175,1671,1695]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(the baobab
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51C95EC3B1A111BFEB" authority=": BAUM, 1995" authorityName="BAUM" authorityYear="1995" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Adansonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perrieri">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51C95EC3B1A6A3BFEB" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Adansonia perrieri</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD08D51CFE0C391A111BFEB" author="Baum (David A." box="[928,1077,1702,1726]" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri botanical Garden" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" pagination="322 - 348" part="82" refId="ref10613" refString="Baum (David A.), 1995. - The comparative pollination and floral biology of baobabs (Adansonia - Bombacaceae). Annals of the Missouri botanical Garden, 82 (2): 322 - 348." title="The comparative pollination and floral biology of baobabs (Adansonia - Bombacaceae)" type="journal article" year="1995">BAUM, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
), Lamiaceae (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51C8A5C391A0A1BFEA" box="[1253,1413,1703,1727]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Clerodendrum</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD08D51CF70C3F1A6D4BF8A" author="Wasserthal (Lutz T.)" box="[816,1008,1735,1759]" journalOrPublisher="Botanica Acta" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" pagination="343 - 359" part="110" refId="ref12940" refString="Wasserthal (Lutz T.), 1997. - The pollinators of the Malagasy Star Orchids Angraecum sesquipedale, A. sororium and A. compactum and the evolution of extremely long spurs by pollinator shift. Botanica Acta, 110 (5): 343 - 359." title="The pollinators of the Malagasy Star Orchids Angraecum sesquipedale, A. sororium and A. compactum and the evolution of extremely long spurs by pollinator shift" type="journal article" year="1997">WASSERTHAL, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), Verbenaceae (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51C8CCC3F1A1FBBF8B" box="[1164,1247,1735,1758]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Lantana</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
), Amaryllidaceae (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CF79C3D1A6AEBFAB" box="[825,906,1767,1790]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Crinum</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
), and probably several others. In fact, there are complex interactions between orchids and their pollinators (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD08D51CFC2C211A158BE6A" author="Houlihan (Peter R.) & Stone (Mac) & Clem (Shawn E.) & Owen (Mike) & Emmel (Thomas C.)" box="[898,1148,1831,1855]" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" pagination="12850" part="9" refId="ref11474" refString="Houlihan (Peter R.), Stone (Mac), Clem (Shawn E.), Owen (Mike) and Emmel (Thomas C.), 2019. - Pollination ecology of the ghost orchid (Dendrophylax lindenii): a first description with new hypotheses for Darwin's orchids. Scientific Reports [Nature], 9: article number 12850 (Open Access)." title="Pollination ecology of the ghost orchid (Dendrophylax lindenii): a first description with new hypotheses for Darwin's orchids" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
|||
|
|
HOULIHAN &
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51C858C211A110BE6A" box="[1048,1076,1831,1855]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 2019
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), so that we can rule out KRITSKY’ s (1991) hypothesis that there would be in Madagascar “a gigantic moth with a proboscis even longer” than that of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51C846C2B1A1AEBECA" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1030,1162,1927,1951]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51C846C2B1A1AEBECA" box="[1030,1162,1927,1951]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">X. praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in view of the existence of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51CF15C291A17DBEEA" box="[853,1113,1959,1983]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Angraecum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longicalcar">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CF15C291A17DBEEA" box="[853,1113,1959,1983]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Angraecum longicalcar</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, an orchid with a nectary “nearly 40 cm long, 10 cm longer than that of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51CF70C2D1A6F8BEAA" baseAuthorityName="NETZ & RENNER" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[816,988,2023,2047]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Angraecum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sesquipedale">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CF70C2D1A6F8BEAA" box="[816,988,2023,2047]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">A. sesquipedale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
”. It should be noted that, actually, the “spur” of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD08D51CFDDCD31A163B14A" baseAuthorityName="NETZ & RENNER" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[925,1095,2055,2079]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Angraecum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sesquipedale">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD08D51CFDDCD31A163B14A" box="[925,1095,2055,2079]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">A. sesquipedale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
ranges from 27 to 43 cm and contains a varying volume of nectar, a parameter that cannot be neglected in studies about pollination (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD38D52CCEDC5D1A4AFB9AA" author="Wasserthal (Lutz T.)" box="[173,395,231,255]" journalOrPublisher="Botanica Acta" pageId="15" pageNumber="84" pagination="343 - 359" part="110" refId="ref12940" refString="Wasserthal (Lutz T.), 1997. - The pollinators of the Malagasy Star Orchids Angraecum sesquipedale, A. sororium and A. compactum and the evolution of extremely long spurs by pollinator shift. Botanica Acta, 110 (5): 343 - 359." title="The pollinators of the Malagasy Star Orchids Angraecum sesquipedale, A. sororium and A. compactum and the evolution of extremely long spurs by pollinator shift" type="journal article" year="1997">WASSERTHAL, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134D2A7FFFD38D52CDDFC5D1A4C4B9AA" box="[415,480,231,255]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[219,231,1424,1443]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,166,1407]" captionTargetId="figure-419@7.[168,1436,168,1406]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 4. — Praesacculus in different specimens of Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. (a-e) and X. morganii (f-l). – a, Antongil Bay. – b, Perinet (Analamazaotra). – c, Fort-Dauphin (Tôlañaro). – d, Amber Mountain. – e, Tsarafidy, near Ambohimahasoa. – f, Tsoundzou, Mayotte. – g, Grande Comore. – h, Mikese, Tanzania. – i, Uganda. – j, Kisangani, DRC (Zaire). – k, Ipassa, Gabon. – l, Liberia. – same magnification for a-l." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856152/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). According to
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B0BFFD38D52CEE5C5D1A46FB84A" author="Netz (Christoph & Renner (Susanne S.)" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="15" pageNumber="84" pagination="469 - 478" part="122" refId="ref12035" refString="Netz (Christoph) and Renner (Susanne S.), 2017. - Long-spurred Angraecum orchids and long-tongued sphingid moths on Madagascar: a time frame for Darwin's predicted Xanthopan / Angraecum coevolution. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 122: 469 - 478." title="Long-spurred Angraecum orchids and long-tongued sphingid moths on Madagascar: a time frame for Darwin's predicted Xanthopan / Angraecum coevolution" type="journal article" year="2017">NETZ & RENNER (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, the shape of the labellum should also be taken into account: it may form a landing platform for large hawkmoths, as in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD38D52CDF7C471A740B80A" baseAuthorityName="NETZ & RENNER" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[439,612,327,351]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Angraecum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="15" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sesquipedale">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD38D52CDF7C471A740B80A" box="[439,612,327,351]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">A. sesquipedale</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, or not, as in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD38D52CCE6C451A41AB82A" box="[166,318,359,383]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Angraecum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="15" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longicalcar">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD38D52CCE6C451A41AB82A" box="[166,318,359,383]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">A. longicalcar</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(their Fig. 1B shows
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD38D52CE62C451A627B82A" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[546,771,359,383]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD38D52CE62C451A627B82A" box="[546,771,359,383]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Xanthopan praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
“trying to visit” flowers of this rare orchid). It should be noted that botanists from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, using camera traps, failed to observe any pollinator, not even
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD38D52CCA1C4D1A441B8AA" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[225,357,487,511]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD38D52CCA1C4D1A441B8AA" box="[225,357,487,511]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">X. praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, at the sole known wild population of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD38D52CCE6C731A46BBB4A" box="[166,335,519,543]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Angraecum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="15" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longicalcar">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD38D52CCE6C731A46BBB4A" box="[166,335,519,543]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">A. longicalcar</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(https://www.theguardian.com/world/ 2017/may/13/madagascar-mass-extinction-plants-kewgardens).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF096672FFD18D50C82EC591A04AB858" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856170" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5856170" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856170/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" startId="13.[1134,1146,167,186]" targetBox="[165,1052,165,724]" targetPageId="13">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD18D50C82EC591A04AB858" blockId="13.[1081,1438,167,270]" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 14. — Histogram showing proboscis length variability in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD18D50C97FC5F4A1ADB9A4" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD18D50C97FC5F4A1ADB9A4" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">Xanthopan morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD18D50C883C5E9A01CB9A4" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1219,1336,222,241]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta" status="stat. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD18D50C883C5E9A01CB9A4" box="[1219,1336,222,241]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">X. praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2315793FFD18D50C906C5E9A0BAB9A7" box="[1350,1438,223,242]" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
(orange and blue bars respectively).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF096672FFD18D50C82EC7C5A1CBBA0F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856172" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5856172" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856172/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" startId="13.[1134,1146,755,774]" targetBox="[165,1052,754,1421]" targetPageId="13">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD18D50C82EC7C5A1CBBA0F" blockId="13.[1081,1437,755,858]" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 15. — Proboscis length values in relation to size (estimated using forewing length), in males and females of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD18D50C879C671A1CDBA0C" box="[1081,1257,839,858]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD18D50C879C671A1CDBA0C" box="[1081,1257,839,858]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">Xanthopan morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF096672FFD18D50C82EC09BA066BF41" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856174" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5856174" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856174/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" startId="13.[1134,1146,1453,1472]" targetBox="[165,1052,1451,2080]" targetPageId="13">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD18D50C82EC09BA066BF41" blockId="13.[1081,1437,1453,1556]" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 16. — Proboscis length values in relation to size (estimated using forewing length), in males and females of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD18D50C879C337A1CABF41" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1081,1262,1537,1556]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta" status="stat. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD18D50C879C337A1CABF41" box="[1081,1262,1537,1556]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">Xanthopan praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2315793FFD18D50C8B4C337A066BF41" box="[1268,1346,1537,1556]" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF096672FFD28D53CC8CC117A4B2BD39" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856176" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5856176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856176/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="83" startId="14.[204,216,1057,1076]" targetBox="[151,1421,166,1035]" targetPageId="14">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD28D53CC8CC117A4B2BD39" blockId="14.[151,1423,1055,1132]" pageId="14" pageNumber="83">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 17. —
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD28D53CD78C117A4C8BD66" box="[312,492,1057,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morganii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD28D53CD78C117A4C8BD66" box="[312,492,1057,1076]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="83">Xanthopan morganii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: trend of increasing proboscis length with moth size (2
|
|||
|
|
<superScript id="7C039BB2FFD28D53CFA1C129A6CABD7E" attach="left" box="[993,1006,1055,1067]" fontSize="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="83">nd</superScript>
|
|||
|
|
order polynomial trendline made with Excel). – x-axis: forewing length (cm); y-axis: proboscis length (cm). – data points correspond to average values; the standard deviation for a given point is represented by a vertical line.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF096672FFD28D53CC8CC2DAA19FB14F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5856178" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5856178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5856178/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="83" startId="14.[204,216,2028,2047]" subCaptionStartIDs="14.[738,764,2055,2074]" subCaptionStarts="fig. 17 f" targetBox="[151,1422,1215,2009]" targetPageId="14">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD28D53CC8CC2DAA19FB14F" blockId="14.[151,1423,2026,2075]" pageId="14" pageNumber="83">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 18. —
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C764D79FFD28D53CD78C2DDA4D4BEAB" authorityName="Minet & Basquin & Haxaire & Lees & Rougerie" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild & Jordan" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[312,496,2027,2046]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Xanthopan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedicta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD28D53CD78C2DDA4D4BEAB" box="[312,496,2027,2046]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="83">Xanthopan praedicta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: trend of increasing proboscis length with moth size (2
|
|||
|
|
<superScript id="7C039BB2FFD28D53CFA2C2DCA6CBBEA3" attach="left" box="[994,1007,2026,2038]" fontSize="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="83">nd</superScript>
|
|||
|
|
order polynomial trendline made with Excel). – x-axis: forewing length (cm); y-axis: proboscis length (cm). – see fig. 17 for remarks about data points and vertical lines.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD38D52CF1AC59DA011BE31" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<table id="F976C45AFFD372A2CF1AC59DA077BE31" box="[858,1363,171,1892]" gridcols="4" gridrows="78" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC59DA077B9EC" box="[858,1363,171,185]" gridrow="0" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC59DA655B9EC" box="[858,881,171,185]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Sex</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C59DA6C5B9EC" box="[935,993,171,185]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Forewing</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C59DA170B9EC" box="[1045,1108,171,185]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Proboscis</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC59DA077B9EC" box="[1149,1363,171,185]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B902EAE8FFD38D52C83DC59DA18BB9EC" bold="true" box="[1149,1199,171,185]" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Locality</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</th>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC5F7A077B99A" box="[858,1363,193,207]" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC5F7A655B99A" box="[858,881,193,207]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C5F7A6C5B99A" box="[935,993,193,207]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.8</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C5F7A170B99A" box="[1045,1108,193,207]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">21.4</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC5F7A077B99A" box="[1149,1363,193,207]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Les Roussettes, Amber Mountain</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC5E1A077B9B3" box="[858,1363,215,230]" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC5E1A655B9B3" box="[858,881,215,230]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C5E1A6C5B9B3" box="[935,993,215,230]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.85</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C5E1A170B9B3" box="[1045,1108,215,230]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">23.35</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC5E1A077B9B3" box="[1149,1363,215,230]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Les Roussettes, Amber Mountain</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC5DBA077B9A9" box="[858,1363,237,252]" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC5DBA655B9A9" box="[858,881,237,252]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C5DBA6C5B9A9" box="[935,993,237,252]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.8</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C5DBA170B9A9" box="[1045,1108,237,252]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">19.0</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC5DBA077B9A9" box="[1149,1363,237,252]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Isaka forest, north of Tôlañaro</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC432A077B847" box="[858,1363,260,274]" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC432A655B847" box="[858,881,260,274]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C432A6C5B847" box="[935,993,260,274]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">5.75</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C432A170B847" box="[1045,1108,260,274]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">15.2</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC432A077B847" box="[1149,1363,260,274]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Les Roussettes, Amber Mountain</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC42CA077B87D" box="[858,1363,282,296]" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC42CA655B87D" box="[858,881,282,296]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C42CA6C5B87D" box="[935,993,282,296]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.8</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C42CA170B87D" box="[1045,1108,282,296]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">19.2</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC42CA077B87D" box="[1149,1363,282,296]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">La Mandraka (near Manjakandriana)</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC406A077B86B" box="[858,1363,304,318]" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC406A655B86B" box="[858,881,304,318]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C406A6C5B86B" box="[935,993,304,318]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.3</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C406A170B86B" box="[1045,1108,304,318]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">16.95</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC406A077B86B" box="[1149,1363,304,318]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Lokobe, Nosy Be</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC470A077B801" box="[858,1363,326,340]" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC470A655B801" box="[858,881,326,340]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C470A6C5B801" box="[935,993,326,340]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.5</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C470A170B801" box="[1045,1108,326,340]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">18.4</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC470A077B801" box="[1149,1363,326,340]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Les Roussettes, Amber Mountain</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC46AA077B83E" box="[858,1363,348,363]" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC46AA655B83E" box="[858,881,348,363]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C46AA6C5B83E" box="[935,993,348,363]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.35</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C46AA170B83E" box="[1045,1108,348,363]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">18.3</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC46AA077B83E" box="[1149,1363,348,363]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Perinet (Analamazaotra)</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC444A077B8D4" box="[858,1363,370,385]" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC444A655B8D4" box="[858,881,370,385]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C444A6C5B8D4" box="[935,993,370,385]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.4</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C444A170B8D4" box="[1045,1108,370,385]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">21.35</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC444A077B8D4" box="[1149,1363,370,385]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">La Mandraka (near Manjakandriana)</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC4BFA077B8C2" box="[858,1363,393,407]" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC4BFA655B8C2" box="[858,881,393,407]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C4BFA6C5B8C2" box="[935,993,393,407]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.55</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C4BFA170B8C2" box="[1045,1108,393,407]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">18.2</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC4BFA077B8C2" box="[1149,1363,393,407]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Hiaraka,Antongil Bay</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC4A9A077B8F8" box="[858,1363,415,429]" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC4A9A655B8F8" box="[858,881,415,429]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">F</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C4A9A6C5B8F8" box="[935,993,415,429]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.7</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C4A9A170B8F8" box="[1045,1108,415,429]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">21.5</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC4A9A077B8F8" box="[1149,1363,415,429]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Antananarivo</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC483A077B896" box="[858,1363,437,451]" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC483A655B896" box="[858,881,437,451]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C483A6C5B896" box="[935,993,437,451]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.6</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C483A170B896" box="[1045,1108,437,451]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">19.7</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC483A077B896" box="[1149,1363,437,451]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Les Roussettes, Amber Mountain</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC4FDA077B88C" box="[858,1363,459,473]" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC4FDA655B88C" box="[858,881,459,473]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C4FDA6C5B88C" box="[935,993,459,473]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.6</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C4FDA170B88C" box="[1045,1108,459,473]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">19.4</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC4FDA077B88C" box="[1149,1363,459,473]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">La Mandraka (near Manjakandriana)</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC4D7A077B8A5" box="[858,1363,481,496]" gridrow="14" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC4D7A655B8A5" box="[858,881,481,496]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C4D7A6C5B8A5" box="[935,993,481,496]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.0</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C4D7A170B8A5" box="[1045,1108,481,496]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">23.7</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC4D7A077B8A5" box="[1149,1363,481,496]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">road Ambositra-Ambohimanga Atm.</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC4C1A077BB53" box="[858,1363,503,518]" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC4C1A655BB53" box="[858,881,503,518]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">F</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C4C1A6C5BB53" box="[935,993,503,518]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.6</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C4C1A170BB53" box="[1045,1108,503,518]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">22.6</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC4C1A077BB53" box="[1149,1363,503,518]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">La Mandraka (near Manjakandriana)</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC738A077BB49" box="[858,1363,526,540]" gridrow="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC738A655BB49" box="[858,881,526,540]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C738A6C5BB49" box="[935,993,526,540]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.0</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C738A170BB49" box="[1045,1108,526,540]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">23.0</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC738A077BB49" box="[1149,1363,526,540]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">near Anosibe An’Ala</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC712A077BB67" box="[858,1363,548,562]" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC712A655BB67" box="[858,881,548,562]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C712A6C5BB67" box="[935,993,548,562]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.4</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C712A170BB67" box="[1045,1108,548,562]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">21.0</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC712A077BB67" box="[1149,1363,548,562]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Perinet (Analamazaotra)</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC70CA077BB1D" box="[858,1363,570,584]" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC70CA655BB1D" box="[858,881,570,584]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C70CA6C5BB1D" box="[935,993,570,584]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.9</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C70CA170BB1D" box="[1045,1108,570,584]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">20.3</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC70CA077BB1D" box="[1149,1363,570,584]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">north of Lakato, near Moramanga</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC766A077BB0B" box="[858,1363,592,606]" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC766A655BB0B" box="[858,881,592,606]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C766A6C5BB0B" box="[935,993,592,606]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.1</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C766A170BB0B" box="[1045,1108,592,606]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">23.4</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC766A077BB0B" box="[1149,1363,592,606]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">La Mandraka (near Manjakandriana)</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC750A077BB20" box="[858,1363,614,629]" gridrow="20" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC750A655BB20" box="[858,881,614,629]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">F</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C750A6C5BB20" box="[935,993,614,629]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.0</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C750A170BB20" box="[1045,1108,614,629]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">20.3</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC750A077BB20" box="[1149,1363,614,629]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Lokobe, Nosy Be</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC74AA077BBDE" box="[858,1363,636,651]" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC74AA655BBDE" box="[858,881,636,651]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C74AA6C5BBDE" box="[935,993,636,651]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.8</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C74AA170BBDE" box="[1045,1108,636,651]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">23.5</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC74AA077BBDE" box="[1149,1363,636,651]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">La Mandraka (near Manjakandriana)</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC7A5A077BBF4" box="[858,1363,659,673]" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC7A5A655BBF4" box="[858,881,659,673]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C7A5A6C5BBF4" box="[935,993,659,673]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.5</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C7A5A170BBF4" box="[1045,1108,659,673]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">16.9</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC7A5A077BBF4" box="[1149,1363,659,673]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ankafina forest, near Tsarafidy</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC79FA077BBE2" box="[858,1363,681,695]" gridrow="23" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC79FA655BBE2" box="[858,881,681,695]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C79FA6C5BBE2" box="[935,993,681,695]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.0</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C79FA170BBE2" box="[1045,1108,681,695]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">16.85</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC79FA077BBE2" box="[1149,1363,681,695]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Tampolo, Masoala peninsula</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC789A077BB98" box="[858,1363,703,717]" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC789A655BB98" box="[858,881,703,717]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C789A6C5BB98" box="[935,993,703,717]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.1</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C789A170BB98" box="[1045,1108,703,717]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">20.2</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC789A077BB98" box="[1149,1363,703,717]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ambohitantely (near Ankazobe)</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC7E3A077BBB6" box="[858,1363,725,739]" gridrow="25" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC7E3A655BBB6" box="[858,881,725,739]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C7E3A6C5BBB6" box="[935,993,725,739]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.7</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C7E3A170BBB6" box="[1045,1108,725,739]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">20.5</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC7E3A077BBB6" box="[1149,1363,725,739]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Moramanga</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC7DDA077BBAF" box="[858,1363,747,762]" gridrow="26" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC7DDA655BBAF" box="[858,881,747,762]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C7DDA6C5BBAF" box="[935,993,747,762]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.5</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C7DDA170BBAF" box="[1045,1108,747,762]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">21.2</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC7DDA077BBAF" box="[1149,1363,747,762]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">near Anosibe An’Ala</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC637A077BA45" box="[858,1363,769,784]" gridrow="27" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC637A655BA45" box="[858,881,769,784]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C637A6C5BA45" box="[935,993,769,784]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.7</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C637A170BA45" box="[1045,1108,769,784]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">19.3</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC637A077BA45" box="[1149,1363,769,784]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Moramanga</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC62EA077BA73" box="[858,1363,792,806]" gridrow="28" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC62EA655BA73" box="[858,881,792,806]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C62EA6C5BA73" box="[935,993,792,806]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.6</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C62EA170BA73" box="[1045,1108,792,806]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">16.7</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC62EA077BA73" box="[1149,1363,792,806]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">north of Lakato, near Moramanga</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC618A077BA69" box="[858,1363,814,828]" gridrow="29" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC618A655BA69" box="[858,881,814,828]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C618A6C5BA69" box="[935,993,814,828]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.8</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C618A170BA69" box="[1045,1108,814,828]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">24.7</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC618A077BA69" box="[1149,1363,814,828]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">north of Lakato, near Moramanga</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC672A077BA07" box="[858,1363,836,850]" gridrow="30" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC672A655BA07" box="[858,881,836,850]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C672A6C5BA07" box="[935,993,836,850]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.4</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C672A170BA07" box="[1045,1108,836,850]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">20.7</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC672A077BA07" box="[1149,1363,836,850]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ikoly, Itremo massif</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC66CA077BA3D" box="[858,1363,858,872]" gridrow="31" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC66CA655BA3D" box="[858,881,858,872]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">F</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C66CA6C5BA3D" box="[935,993,858,872]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.5</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C66CA170BA3D" box="[1045,1108,858,872]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">24.4</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC66CA077BA3D" box="[1149,1363,858,872]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Perinet (Analamazaotra)</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC646A077BA2A" box="[858,1363,880,895]" gridrow="32" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC646A655BA2A" box="[858,881,880,895]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C646A6C5BA2A" box="[935,993,880,895]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.9</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C646A170BA2A" box="[1045,1108,880,895]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">21.3</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC646A077BA2A" box="[1149,1363,880,895]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Andrangoloaka, Eof Lake Mantasoa</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC6B0A077BAC0" box="[858,1363,902,917]" gridrow="33" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC6B0A655BAC0" box="[858,881,902,917]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C6B0A6C5BAC0" box="[935,993,902,917]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.0</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C6B0A170BAC0" box="[1045,1108,902,917]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">22.5</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC6B0A077BAC0" box="[1149,1363,902,917]" gridcol="3" gridrow="33" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ambohitantely (near Ankazobe)</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC6ABA077BAFE" box="[858,1363,925,939]" gridrow="34" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC6ABA655BAFE" box="[858,881,925,939]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C6ABA6C5BAFE" box="[935,993,925,939]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.1</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C6ABA170BAFE" box="[1045,1108,925,939]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">15.6</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC6ABA077BAFE" box="[1149,1363,925,939]" gridcol="3" gridrow="34" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ambohitantely (near Ankazobe)</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC685A077BA94" box="[858,1363,947,961]" gridrow="35" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC685A655BA94" box="[858,881,947,961]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C685A6C5BA94" box="[935,993,947,961]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.45</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C685A170BA94" box="[1045,1108,947,961]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">18.5</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC685A077BA94" box="[1149,1363,947,961]" gridcol="3" gridrow="35" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">NW of Manantenina</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC6FFA077BA82" box="[858,1363,969,983]" gridrow="36" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC6FFA655BA82" box="[858,881,969,983]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C6FFA6C5BA82" box="[935,993,969,983]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.0</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C6FFA170BA82" box="[1045,1108,969,983]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">28.0</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC6FFA077BA82" box="[1149,1363,969,983]" gridcol="3" gridrow="36" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomena, Eof Ambositra</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC6E9A077BAB8" box="[858,1363,991,1005]" gridrow="37" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC6E9A655BAB8" box="[858,881,991,1005]" gridcol="0" gridrow="37" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C6E9A6C5BAB8" box="[935,993,991,1005]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.4</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C6E9A170BAB8" box="[1045,1108,991,1005]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">20.7</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC6E9A077BAB8" box="[1149,1363,991,1005]" gridcol="3" gridrow="37" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">north of Lakato, near Moramanga</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC6C3A077BD51" box="[858,1363,1013,1028]" gridrow="38" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC6C3A655BD51" box="[858,881,1013,1028]" gridcol="0" gridrow="38" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C6C3A6C5BD51" box="[935,993,1013,1028]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.6</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C6C3A170BD51" box="[1045,1108,1013,1028]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">20.4</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC6C3A077BD51" box="[1149,1363,1013,1028]" gridcol="3" gridrow="38" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">north of Lakato, near Moramanga</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC13DA077BD4F" box="[858,1363,1035,1050]" gridrow="39" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC13DA655BD4F" box="[858,881,1035,1050]" gridcol="0" gridrow="39" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C13DA6C5BD4F" box="[935,993,1035,1050]" gridcol="1" gridrow="39" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.7</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C13DA170BD4F" box="[1045,1108,1035,1050]" gridcol="2" gridrow="39" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">19.8</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC13DA077BD4F" box="[1149,1363,1035,1050]" gridcol="3" gridrow="39" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">north of Lakato, near Moramanga</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC114A077BD65" box="[858,1363,1058,1072]" gridrow="40" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC114A655BD65" box="[858,881,1058,1072]" gridcol="0" gridrow="40" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C114A6C5BD65" box="[935,993,1058,1072]" gridcol="1" gridrow="40" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.7</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C114A170BD65" box="[1045,1108,1058,1072]" gridcol="2" gridrow="40" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">18.0</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC114A077BD65" box="[1149,1363,1058,1072]" gridcol="3" gridrow="40" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">north of Lakato, near Moramanga</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC10EA077BD13" box="[858,1363,1080,1094]" gridrow="41" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC10EA655BD13" box="[858,881,1080,1094]" gridcol="0" gridrow="41" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C10EA6C5BD13" box="[935,993,1080,1094]" gridcol="1" gridrow="41" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.8</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C10EA170BD13" box="[1045,1108,1080,1094]" gridcol="2" gridrow="41" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">20.7</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC10EA077BD13" box="[1149,1363,1080,1094]" gridcol="3" gridrow="41" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Anjozorobe (NE of Antananarivo)</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC178A077BD09" box="[858,1363,1102,1116]" gridrow="42" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC178A655BD09" box="[858,881,1102,1116]" gridcol="0" gridrow="42" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C178A6C5BD09" box="[935,993,1102,1116]" gridcol="1" gridrow="42" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.4</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C178A170BD09" box="[1045,1108,1102,1116]" gridcol="2" gridrow="42" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">20.7</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC178A077BD09" box="[1149,1363,1102,1116]" gridcol="3" gridrow="42" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">near Anosibe An’Ala</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC152A077BD27" box="[858,1363,1124,1138]" gridrow="43" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC152A655BD27" box="[858,881,1124,1138]" gridcol="0" gridrow="43" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">F</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C152A6C5BD27" box="[935,993,1124,1138]" gridcol="1" gridrow="43" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.3</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C152A170BD27" box="[1045,1108,1124,1138]" gridcol="2" gridrow="43" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">18.6</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC152A077BD27" box="[1149,1363,1124,1138]" gridcol="3" gridrow="43" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">north of Lakato, near Moramanga</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC14CA077BDDC" box="[858,1363,1146,1161]" gridrow="44" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC14CA655BDDC" box="[858,881,1146,1161]" gridcol="0" gridrow="44" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C14CA6C5BDDC" box="[935,993,1146,1161]" gridcol="1" gridrow="44" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.0</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C14CA170BDDC" box="[1045,1108,1146,1161]" gridcol="2" gridrow="44" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">20.1</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC14CA077BDDC" box="[1149,1363,1146,1161]" gridcol="3" gridrow="44" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC1A6A077BDCA" box="[858,1363,1168,1183]" gridrow="45" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC1A6A655BDCA" box="[858,881,1168,1183]" gridcol="0" gridrow="45" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">F</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C1A6A6C5BDCA" box="[935,993,1168,1183]" gridcol="1" gridrow="45" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">8.0</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C1A6A170BDCA" box="[1045,1108,1168,1183]" gridcol="2" gridrow="45" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">19.8</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC1A6A077BDCA" box="[1149,1363,1168,1183]" gridcol="3" gridrow="45" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Antananarivo</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC191A077BDE0" box="[858,1363,1191,1205]" gridrow="46" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC191A655BDE0" box="[858,881,1191,1205]" gridcol="0" gridrow="46" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C191A6C5BDE0" box="[935,993,1191,1205]" gridcol="1" gridrow="46" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.9</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C191A170BDE0" box="[1045,1108,1191,1205]" gridcol="2" gridrow="46" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">19.2</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC191A077BDE0" box="[1149,1363,1191,1205]" gridcol="3" gridrow="46" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC18BA077BD9E" box="[858,1363,1213,1227]" gridrow="47" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC18BA655BD9E" box="[858,881,1213,1227]" gridcol="0" gridrow="47" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">F</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C18BA6C5BD9E" box="[935,993,1213,1227]" gridcol="1" gridrow="47" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.4</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C18BA170BD9E" box="[1045,1108,1213,1227]" gridcol="2" gridrow="47" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">21.0</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC18BA077BD9E" box="[1149,1363,1213,1227]" gridcol="3" gridrow="47" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Amber Mountain</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC1E5A077BDB4" box="[858,1363,1235,1249]" gridrow="48" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC1E5A655BDB4" box="[858,881,1235,1249]" gridcol="0" gridrow="48" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C1E5A6C5BDB4" box="[935,993,1235,1249]" gridcol="1" gridrow="48" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.6</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C1E5A170BDB4" box="[1045,1108,1235,1249]" gridcol="2" gridrow="48" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">18.3</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC1E5A077BDB4" box="[1149,1363,1235,1249]" gridcol="3" gridrow="48" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC1DFA077BDA2" box="[858,1363,1257,1271]" gridrow="49" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC1DFA655BDA2" box="[858,881,1257,1271]" gridcol="0" gridrow="49" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C1DFA6C5BDA2" box="[935,993,1257,1271]" gridcol="1" gridrow="49" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.1</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C1DFA170BDA2" box="[1045,1108,1257,1271]" gridcol="2" gridrow="49" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">21.5</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC1DFA077BDA2" box="[1149,1363,1257,1271]" gridcol="3" gridrow="49" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC1C9A077BC5B" box="[858,1363,1279,1294]" gridrow="50" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC1C9A655BC5B" box="[858,881,1279,1294]" gridcol="0" gridrow="50" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C1C9A6C5BC5B" box="[935,993,1279,1294]" gridcol="1" gridrow="50" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.1</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C1C9A170BC5B" box="[1045,1108,1279,1294]" gridcol="2" gridrow="50" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">20.8</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC1C9A077BC5B" box="[1149,1363,1279,1294]" gridcol="3" gridrow="50" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC023A077BC71" box="[858,1363,1301,1316]" gridrow="51" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC023A655BC71" box="[858,881,1301,1316]" gridcol="0" gridrow="51" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C023A6C5BC71" box="[935,993,1301,1316]" gridcol="1" gridrow="51" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.2</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C023A170BC71" box="[1045,1108,1301,1316]" gridcol="2" gridrow="51" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">23.1</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC023A077BC71" box="[1149,1363,1301,1316]" gridcol="3" gridrow="51" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC01AA077BC6F" box="[858,1363,1324,1338]" gridrow="52" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC01AA655BC6F" box="[858,881,1324,1338]" gridcol="0" gridrow="52" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C01AA6C5BC6F" box="[935,993,1324,1338]" gridcol="1" gridrow="52" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.8</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C01AA170BC6F" box="[1045,1108,1324,1338]" gridcol="2" gridrow="52" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">19.3</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC01AA077BC6F" box="[1149,1363,1324,1338]" gridcol="3" gridrow="52" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC074A077BC05" box="[858,1363,1346,1360]" gridrow="53" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC074A655BC05" box="[858,881,1346,1360]" gridcol="0" gridrow="53" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C074A6C5BC05" box="[935,993,1346,1360]" gridcol="1" gridrow="53" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.7</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C074A170BC05" box="[1045,1108,1346,1360]" gridcol="2" gridrow="53" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">21.3</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC074A077BC05" box="[1149,1363,1346,1360]" gridcol="3" gridrow="53" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC06EA077BC33" box="[858,1363,1368,1382]" gridrow="54" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC06EA655BC33" box="[858,881,1368,1382]" gridcol="0" gridrow="54" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C06EA6C5BC33" box="[935,993,1368,1382]" gridcol="1" gridrow="54" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.5</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C06EA170BC33" box="[1045,1108,1368,1382]" gridcol="2" gridrow="54" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">18.8</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC06EA077BC33" box="[1149,1363,1368,1382]" gridcol="3" gridrow="54" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC058A077BC29" box="[858,1363,1390,1404]" gridrow="55" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC058A655BC29" box="[858,881,1390,1404]" gridcol="0" gridrow="55" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">F</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C058A6C5BC29" box="[935,993,1390,1404]" gridcol="1" gridrow="55" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.8</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C058A170BC29" box="[1045,1108,1390,1404]" gridcol="2" gridrow="55" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">25.4</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC058A077BC29" box="[1149,1363,1390,1404]" gridcol="3" gridrow="55" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC0B2A077BCC6" box="[858,1363,1412,1427]" gridrow="56" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC0B2A655BCC6" box="[858,881,1412,1427]" gridcol="0" gridrow="56" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C0B2A6C5BCC6" box="[935,993,1412,1427]" gridcol="1" gridrow="56" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.1</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C0B2A170BCC6" box="[1045,1108,1412,1427]" gridcol="2" gridrow="56" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">21.0</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC0B2A077BCC6" box="[1149,1363,1412,1427]" gridcol="3" gridrow="56" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC0ACA077BCFC" box="[858,1363,1434,1449]" gridrow="57" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC0ACA655BCFC" box="[858,881,1434,1449]" gridcol="0" gridrow="57" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C0ACA6C5BCFC" box="[935,993,1434,1449]" gridcol="1" gridrow="57" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.7</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C0ACA170BCFC" box="[1045,1108,1434,1449]" gridcol="2" gridrow="57" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">20.1</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC0ACA077BCFC" box="[1149,1363,1434,1449]" gridcol="3" gridrow="57" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC087A077BCEA" box="[858,1363,1457,1471]" gridrow="58" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC087A655BCEA" box="[858,881,1457,1471]" gridcol="0" gridrow="58" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C087A6C5BCEA" box="[935,993,1457,1471]" gridcol="1" gridrow="58" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.8</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C087A170BCEA" box="[1045,1108,1457,1471]" gridcol="2" gridrow="58" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">20.2</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC087A077BCEA" box="[1149,1363,1457,1471]" gridcol="3" gridrow="58" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC0F1A077BC80" box="[858,1363,1479,1493]" gridrow="59" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC0F1A655BC80" box="[858,881,1479,1493]" gridcol="0" gridrow="59" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C0F1A6C5BC80" box="[935,993,1479,1493]" gridcol="1" gridrow="59" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.3</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C0F1A170BC80" box="[1045,1108,1479,1493]" gridcol="2" gridrow="59" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">22.1</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC0F1A077BC80" box="[1149,1363,1479,1493]" gridcol="3" gridrow="59" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC0EBA077BCBE" box="[858,1363,1501,1515]" gridrow="60" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC0EBA655BCBE" box="[858,881,1501,1515]" gridcol="0" gridrow="60" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C0EBA6C5BCBE" box="[935,993,1501,1515]" gridcol="1" gridrow="60" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.1</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C0EBA170BCBE" box="[1045,1108,1501,1515]" gridcol="2" gridrow="60" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">21.6</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC0EBA077BCBE" box="[1149,1363,1501,1515]" gridcol="3" gridrow="60" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC0C5A077BF54" box="[858,1363,1523,1537]" gridrow="61" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC0C5A655BF54" box="[858,881,1523,1537]" gridcol="0" gridrow="61" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C0C5A6C5BF54" box="[935,993,1523,1537]" gridcol="1" gridrow="61" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.7</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C0C5A170BF54" box="[1045,1108,1523,1537]" gridcol="2" gridrow="61" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">20.6</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC0C5A077BF54" box="[1149,1363,1523,1537]" gridcol="3" gridrow="61" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC33FA077BF4D" box="[858,1363,1545,1560]" gridrow="62" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC33FA655BF4D" box="[858,881,1545,1560]" gridcol="0" gridrow="62" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C33FA6C5BF4D" box="[935,993,1545,1560]" gridcol="1" gridrow="62" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.3</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C33FA170BF4D" box="[1045,1108,1545,1560]" gridcol="2" gridrow="62" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">18.6</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC33FA077BF4D" box="[1149,1363,1545,1560]" gridcol="3" gridrow="62" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC329A077BF7B" box="[858,1363,1567,1582]" gridrow="63" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC329A655BF7B" box="[858,881,1567,1582]" gridcol="0" gridrow="63" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C329A6C5BF7B" box="[935,993,1567,1582]" gridcol="1" gridrow="63" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.7</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C329A170BF7B" box="[1045,1108,1567,1582]" gridcol="2" gridrow="63" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">18.7</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC329A077BF7B" box="[1149,1363,1567,1582]" gridcol="3" gridrow="63" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC300A077BF11" box="[858,1363,1590,1604]" gridrow="64" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC300A655BF11" box="[858,881,1590,1604]" gridcol="0" gridrow="64" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C300A6C5BF11" box="[935,993,1590,1604]" gridcol="1" gridrow="64" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.6</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C300A170BF11" box="[1045,1108,1590,1604]" gridcol="2" gridrow="64" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">19.3</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC300A077BF11" box="[1149,1363,1590,1604]" gridcol="3" gridrow="64" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC37AA077BF0F" box="[858,1363,1612,1626]" gridrow="65" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC37AA655BF0F" box="[858,881,1612,1626]" gridcol="0" gridrow="65" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C37AA6C5BF0F" box="[935,993,1612,1626]" gridcol="1" gridrow="65" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.1</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C37AA170BF0F" box="[1045,1108,1612,1626]" gridcol="2" gridrow="65" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">20.7</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC37AA077BF0F" box="[1149,1363,1612,1626]" gridcol="3" gridrow="65" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC354A077BF25" box="[858,1363,1634,1648]" gridrow="66" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC354A655BF25" box="[858,881,1634,1648]" gridcol="0" gridrow="66" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C354A6C5BF25" box="[935,993,1634,1648]" gridcol="1" gridrow="66" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.0</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C354A170BF25" box="[1045,1108,1634,1648]" gridcol="2" gridrow="66" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">25.0</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC354A077BF25" box="[1149,1363,1634,1648]" gridcol="3" gridrow="66" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC34EA077BFD3" box="[858,1363,1656,1670]" gridrow="67" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC34EA655BFD3" box="[858,881,1656,1670]" gridcol="0" gridrow="67" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C34EA6C5BFD3" box="[935,993,1656,1670]" gridcol="1" gridrow="67" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.8</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C34EA170BFD3" box="[1045,1108,1656,1670]" gridcol="2" gridrow="67" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">19.2</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC34EA077BFD3" box="[1149,1363,1656,1670]" gridcol="3" gridrow="67" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC3B8A077BFC8" box="[858,1363,1678,1693]" gridrow="68" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC3B8A655BFC8" box="[858,881,1678,1693]" gridcol="0" gridrow="68" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C3B8A6C5BFC8" box="[935,993,1678,1693]" gridcol="1" gridrow="68" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.9</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C3B8A170BFC8" box="[1045,1108,1678,1693]" gridcol="2" gridrow="68" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">18.5</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC3B8A077BFC8" box="[1149,1363,1678,1693]" gridcol="3" gridrow="68" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC392A077BFE6" box="[858,1363,1700,1715]" gridrow="69" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC392A655BFE6" box="[858,881,1700,1715]" gridcol="0" gridrow="69" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C392A6C5BFE6" box="[935,993,1700,1715]" gridcol="1" gridrow="69" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">7.2</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C392A170BFE6" box="[1045,1108,1700,1715]" gridcol="2" gridrow="69" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">27.3</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC392A077BFE6" box="[1149,1363,1700,1715]" gridcol="3" gridrow="69" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC38DA077BF9C" box="[858,1363,1723,1737]" gridrow="70" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC38DA655BF9C" box="[858,881,1723,1737]" gridcol="0" gridrow="70" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">F</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C38DA6C5BF9C" box="[935,993,1723,1737]" gridcol="1" gridrow="70" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">8.0</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C38DA170BF9C" box="[1045,1108,1723,1737]" gridcol="2" gridrow="70" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">24.1</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC38DA077BF9C" box="[1149,1363,1723,1737]" gridcol="3" gridrow="70" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC3E7A077BF8A" box="[858,1363,1745,1759]" gridrow="71" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC3E7A655BF8A" box="[858,881,1745,1759]" gridcol="0" gridrow="71" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C3E7A6C5BF8A" box="[935,993,1745,1759]" gridcol="1" gridrow="71" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.7</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C3E7A170BF8A" box="[1045,1108,1745,1759]" gridcol="2" gridrow="71" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">20.8</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC3E7A077BF8A" box="[1149,1363,1745,1759]" gridcol="3" gridrow="71" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC3D1A077BFA0" box="[858,1363,1767,1781]" gridrow="72" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC3D1A655BFA0" box="[858,881,1767,1781]" gridcol="0" gridrow="72" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C3D1A6C5BFA0" box="[935,993,1767,1781]" gridcol="1" gridrow="72" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.8</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C3D1A170BFA0" box="[1045,1108,1767,1781]" gridcol="2" gridrow="72" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">26.2</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC3D1A077BFA0" box="[1149,1363,1767,1781]" gridcol="3" gridrow="72" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC3CBA077BE5E" box="[858,1363,1789,1803]" gridrow="73" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC3CBA655BE5E" box="[858,881,1789,1803]" gridcol="0" gridrow="73" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C3CBA6C5BE5E" box="[935,993,1789,1803]" gridcol="1" gridrow="73" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.3</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C3CBA170BE5E" box="[1045,1108,1789,1803]" gridcol="2" gridrow="73" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">22.3</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC3CBA077BE5E" box="[1149,1363,1789,1803]" gridcol="3" gridrow="73" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC225A077BE77" box="[858,1363,1811,1826]" gridrow="74" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC225A655BE77" box="[858,881,1811,1826]" gridcol="0" gridrow="74" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C225A6C5BE77" box="[935,993,1811,1826]" gridcol="1" gridrow="74" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.9</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C225A170BE77" box="[1045,1108,1811,1826]" gridcol="2" gridrow="74" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">28.5</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC225A077BE77" box="[1149,1363,1811,1826]" gridcol="3" gridrow="74" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC21FA077BE6D" box="[858,1363,1833,1848]" gridrow="75" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC21FA655BE6D" box="[858,881,1833,1848]" gridcol="0" gridrow="75" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C21FA6C5BE6D" box="[935,993,1833,1848]" gridcol="1" gridrow="75" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.8</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C21FA170BE6D" box="[1045,1108,1833,1848]" gridcol="2" gridrow="75" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">26.5</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC21FA077BE6D" box="[1149,1363,1833,1848]" gridcol="3" gridrow="75" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC276A077BE1B" box="[858,1363,1856,1870]" gridrow="76" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC276A655BE1B" box="[858,881,1856,1870]" gridcol="0" gridrow="76" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C276A6C5BE1B" box="[935,993,1856,1870]" gridcol="1" gridrow="76" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.7</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C276A170BE1B" box="[1045,1108,1856,1870]" gridcol="2" gridrow="76" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">18.6</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC276A077BE1B" box="[1149,1363,1856,1870]" gridcol="3" gridrow="76" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ranomafana, Wof Ifanadiana</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="354634B8FFD372A2CF1AC260A077BE31" box="[858,1363,1878,1892]" gridrow="77" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76975DC4FFD372A2CF1AC260A655BE31" box="[858,881,1878,1892]" gridcol="0" gridrow="77" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">M</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2CFE7C260A6C5BE31" box="[935,993,1878,1892]" gridcol="1" gridrow="77" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">6.1</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C855C260A170BE31" box="[1045,1108,1878,1892]" gridcol="2" gridrow="77" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">17.5</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76975DC4FFD372A2C83DC260A077BE31" box="[1149,1363,1878,1892]" gridcol="3" gridrow="77" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">Ambohitantely (near Ankazobe)</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
</table>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC936FAFFD38D52CC9BC751A755BA4A" blockId="15.[166,771,167,799]" pageId="15" pageNumber="84">The taxonomic change we propose here not only for the first time gives appropriate weight to clear-cut morphological differences (including in female genitalia) and high mitochondrial divergence. It also gives long deserved recognition, at the species level, to one of the most celebrated of all Malagasy endemics.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|