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<mods:title id="99EA5AD0143014F0CC9D63B83E63FC3E">Review of the mite family Pachylaelapidae (Acari: Mesostigmata)</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="92BBA8FFFF95FF9EFF236E139E5EFBDC" box="[151,586,1073,1099]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="DA1EFB74FF95FF9EFF236E139E5EFBDC" blockId="39.[151,586,1073,1099]" box="[151,586,1073,1099]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="E8D52766FF95FF9EFF236E139E5EFBDC" bold="true" box="[151,586,1073,1099]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="1DA180F7FF95FF9EFF5A6E139E5EFBDC" authority="Liu &amp; Ma, 2001" authorityName="Liu &amp; Ma" authorityYear="2001" box="[238,586,1073,1099]" class="Arachnida" family="Bulbogamasidae" genus="Mirabulbus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E8D52766FF95FF9EFF5A6E139D6FFBDC" bold="true" box="[238,379,1073,1099]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mirabulbus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BE308685FF95FF9EFE376E139E5EFBDC" author="Liu &amp; Ma" box="[387,586,1073,1099]" firstAuthor="Liu" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="356 - 359" refId="ref43005" refString="Liu, J. - Y. &amp; Ma, L. - M. (2001) A new genus and species of Bulbogamasidae from China (Acari: Gamasina). Acta Entomologica Sinica, 44, 356 - 359." type="journal article" year="2001">Liu &amp; Ma, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="92BBA8FFFF95FF9EFF236E5A9DE6FB19" box="[151,498,1144,1166]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="DA1EFB74FF95FF9EFF236E5A9DE6FB19" blockId="39.[151,943,1144,1196]" box="[151,498,1144,1166]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="FAB1DC5AFF95FF9EFF236E5A9DE6FB19" box="[151,498,1144,1166]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<treatmentCitation id="5B00DD65FF95FF9EFF236E5A9DFAFB19" author="Liu, J. - Y. &amp; Ma, L. - M." box="[151,494,1144,1166]" page="356" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="2001">
<taxonomicName id="1DA180F7FF95FF9EFF236E5A9DFAFB19" authority="Liu &amp; Ma, 2001: 356" authorityName="Liu &amp; Ma" authorityPageNumber="356" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,494,1144,1166]" class="Arachnida" family="Bulbogamasidae" genus="Mirabulbus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E8D52766FF95FF9EFF236E5A9D19FB19" box="[151,269,1144,1166]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mirabulbus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BE308685FF95FF9EFEA76E5A9DFAFB19" author="Liu &amp; Ma" box="[275,494,1144,1166]" firstAuthor="Liu" page="356" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="356 - 359" refId="ref43005" refString="Liu, J. - Y. &amp; Ma, L. - M. (2001) A new genus and species of Bulbogamasidae from China (Acari: Gamasina). Acta Entomologica Sinica, 44, 356 - 359." type="journal article" year="2001">Liu &amp; Ma, 2001: 356</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="92BBA8FFFF95FF9EFF236EB5986CF8C1" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="DA1EFB74FF95FF9EFF236EB59FBBFB3B" blockId="39.[151,943,1144,1196]" box="[151,943,1174,1196]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<typeStatus id="051A45D6FF95FF9EFF236EB59CDDFB3B" box="[151,201,1175,1196]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="1DA180F7FF95FF9EFEAB6EB49EA1FB3B" authority="Liu &amp; Ma, 2001" authorityName="Liu &amp; Ma" authorityYear="2001" box="[287,693,1174,1196]" class="Arachnida" family="Bulbogamasidae" genus="Mirabulbus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="qinbaensis">
<emphasis id="E8D52766FF95FF9EFEAB6EB49E13FB3B" box="[287,519,1174,1196]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mirabulbus qinbaensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BE308685FF95FF9EFDBA6EB49EA1FB3B" author="Liu &amp; Ma" box="[526,693,1174,1196]" firstAuthor="Liu" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="356 - 359" refId="ref43005" refString="Liu, J. - Y. &amp; Ma, L. - M. (2001) A new genus and species of Bulbogamasidae from China (Acari: Gamasina). Acta Entomologica Sinica, 44, 356 - 359." type="journal article" year="2001">Liu &amp; Ma, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DA1EFB74FF95FF9EFF236EFB9911FA79" blockId="39.[151,1436,1241,1878]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<bibRefCitation id="BE308685FF95FF9EFF236EFB9D73FB65" author="Liu &amp; Ma" box="[151,359,1241,1266]" firstAuthor="Liu" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="356 - 359" refId="ref43005" refString="Liu, J. - Y. &amp; Ma, L. - M. (2001) A new genus and species of Bulbogamasidae from China (Acari: Gamasina). Acta Entomologica Sinica, 44, 356 - 359." type="journal article" year="2001">Liu &amp; Ma (2001)</bibRefCitation>
erected
<taxonomicName id="1DA180F7FF95FF9EFE646EFB9E47FB65" authorityName="Liu &amp; Ma" authorityYear="2001" box="[464,595,1241,1266]" class="Arachnida" family="Bulbogamasidae" genus="Mirabulbus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E8D52766FF95FF9EFE646EFB9E47FB65" box="[464,595,1241,1266]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mirabulbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to accommodate two species from
<collectingCountry id="A2B6BBE4FF95FF9EFC486EFB9856FB65" box="[1020,1090,1241,1266]" name="China" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">China</collectingCountry>
, the
<typeStatus id="051A45D6FF95FF9EFB346EF898A4FB65" box="[1152,1200,1242,1266]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="1DA180F7FF95FF9EFAAD6EFB9DF2FA81" authority="Liu &amp; Ma, 2001" authorityName="Liu &amp; Ma" authorityYear="2001" class="Arachnida" family="Bulbogamasidae" genus="Mirabulbus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="qinbaensis">
<emphasis id="E8D52766FF95FF9EFAAD6EFB9D1BFA81" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mirabulbus qinbaensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BE308685FF95FF9EFEA86EDF9DF2FA81" author="Liu &amp; Ma" box="[284,486,1277,1302]" firstAuthor="Liu" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="356 - 359" refId="ref43005" refString="Liu, J. - Y. &amp; Ma, L. - M. (2001) A new genus and species of Bulbogamasidae from China (Acari: Gamasina). Acta Entomologica Sinica, 44, 356 - 359." type="journal article" year="2001">Liu &amp; Ma, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="1DA180F7FF95FF9EFD986EDF985DFA81" authority="(Ma &amp; Wang, 1997)" baseAuthorityName="Ma &amp; Wang" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[556,1097,1277,1302]" class="Arachnida" family="Bulbogamasidae" genus="Mirabulbus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yadongensis">
<emphasis id="E8D52766FF95FF9EFD986EDF9F51FA81" box="[556,837,1277,1302]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mirabulbus yadongensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="BE308685FF95FF9EFCEE6EDF9855FA81" author="Ma &amp; Wang" box="[858,1089,1277,1302]" firstAuthor="Ma" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="29 - 32" refId="ref43298" refString="Ma, L. - M. &amp; Wang, C. - G. (1997) A new species of the genus Pachylaelaps and a new species of the genus Lasioseius from Xizang, China (Acari: Pachylaelaptidae, Aceosejidae). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 22, 29 - 32." type="journal article" year="1997">Ma &amp; Wang, 1997</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Unfortunately, their generic diagnosis contains only some very vague and general features which do not allow precise characterisation and classification of the new genus. In addition, they incorrectly placed
<taxonomicName id="1DA180F7FF95FF9EFC246F679807FAC9" authorityName="Liu &amp; Ma" authorityYear="2001" box="[912,1043,1349,1374]" class="Arachnida" family="Bulbogamasidae" genus="Mirabulbus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E8D52766FF95FF9EFC246F679807FAC9" box="[912,1043,1349,1374]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mirabulbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the family
<taxonomicName id="1DA180F7FF95FF9EFB056F679D9DFA15" authority="Gu, Wang &amp; Duan, 1991" authorityName="Gu, Wang &amp; Duan" authorityYear="1991" class="Arachnida" family="Bulbogamasidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
Bulbogamasidae
<bibRefCitation id="BE308685FF95FF9EFAC66F679D9DFA15" author="Gu, Wang &amp; Duan" firstAuthor="Gu" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="333 - 338" refId="ref41072" refString="Gu, Y. - M., Wang, C. - S. &amp; Duan, Q. - X. (1991) Description of a new genus and a new species and proposal of a new family for the gamasides (Acari: Gamasina). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 16, 333 - 338." type="journal article" year="1991">Gu, Wang &amp; Duan, 1991</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, which may be a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="1DA180F7FF95FF9EFD596F4B984BFA15" authority="Oudemans, 1939" authorityName="Oudemans" authorityYear="1939" box="[749,1119,1385,1410]" class="Arachnida" family="Neoparasitidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
Neoparasitidae
<bibRefCitation id="BE308685FF95FF9EFC2A6F4B984BFA15" author="Oudemans" box="[926,1119,1385,1410]" firstAuthor="Oudemans" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="195 - 201" refId="ref44466" refString="Oudemans, A. C. (1939) Neue Funde auf dem Gebiete der Systematik und Nomenklatur der Acari, IV. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 126, 195 - 201." type="journal article" year="1939">Oudemans, 1939</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(see remarks for the genus
<taxonomicName id="1DA180F7FF95FF9EFF236FAC9D38FA32" authorityName="Oudemans" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,300,1422,1445]" class="Arachnida" family="Pachylaelapidae" genus="Neoparasitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E8D52766FF95FF9EFF236FAC9D38FA32" box="[151,300,1422,1445]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Neoparasitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Three more free-living species have been described on the basis of specimens collected from soil substrates, and which appear similar to
<taxonomicName id="1DA180F7FF95FF9EFDE16F939ECCFA5D" authorityName="Liu &amp; Ma" authorityYear="2001" box="[597,728,1457,1482]" class="Arachnida" family="Bulbogamasidae" genus="Mirabulbus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E8D52766FF95FF9EFDE16F939ECCFA5D" box="[597,728,1457,1482]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mirabulbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, viz.
<taxonomicName id="1DA180F7FF95FF9EFCAC6F9098DBFA5D" authority="Ishikawa, 1969" authorityName="Ishikawa" authorityYear="1969" box="[792,1231,1457,1482]" class="Arachnida" family="Pachylaelapidae" genus="Neoparasitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scleoides">
<emphasis id="E8D52766FF95FF9EFCAC6F90980EFA5D" box="[792,1050,1457,1482]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Neoparasitus scleoides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BE308685FF95FF9EFB976F9398DBFA5D" author="Ishikawa" box="[1059,1231,1457,1482]" firstAuthor="Ishikawa" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="39 - 64" refId="ref41881" refString="Ishikawa, K. (1969) Taxonomic investigations on free-living mites in the subalpine forest on Shiga Heights IBP area. I. Mesostigmata (Part 1). Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, 12, 39 - 64." type="journal article" year="1969">
<collectingRegion id="18653596FF95FF9EFB976F93989FFA5D" box="[1059,1163,1457,1482]" country="Japan" name="Ishikawa" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Ishikawa</collectingRegion>
, 1969
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="1DA180F7FF95FF9EFAB26F909DA2FA79" authority="Ishikawa, 1987" authorityName="Ishikawa" authorityYear="1987" class="Arachnida" family="Pachylaelapidae" genus="Neoparasitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="E8D52766FF95FF9EFAB26F909D10FA7A" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Neoparasitus punctatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BE308685FF95FF9EFEBF6FF79DA2FA79" author="Ishikawa" box="[267,438,1493,1518]" firstAuthor="Ishikawa" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="35 - 40" refId="ref41999" refString="Ishikawa, K. (1987) A new Neoparasitus and Hypoaspis queenslandicus (Acarina, Gamasida) collected from the subterranean domain of Japan. Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan, 12, 35 - 40." type="journal article" year="1987">
<collectingRegion id="18653596FF95FF9EFEBF6FF79D67FA79" box="[267,371,1493,1518]" country="Japan" name="Ishikawa" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Ishikawa</collectingRegion>
, 1987
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="A2B6BBE4FF95FF9EFE4E6FF49E29FA7A" box="[506,573,1494,1517]" name="Japan" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Japan</collectingCountry>
, and
<taxonomicName id="1DA180F7FF95FF9EFDC36FF79862FA79" authority="Bei, Chen &amp; Wu, 2010" authorityName="Bei, Chen &amp; Wu" authorityYear="2010" box="[631,1142,1493,1518]" class="Arachnida" family="Pachylaelapidae" genus="Pachyseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malimingi">
<emphasis id="E8D52766FF95FF9EFDC36FF79F7AFA79" box="[631,878,1493,1518]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Pachyseius malimingi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BE308685FF95FF9EFCC16FF79862FA79" author="Bei, Chen &amp; Wu" box="[885,1142,1493,1518]" firstAuthor="Bei" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="270 - 273" refId="ref38565" refString="Bei, N. - X., Chen, W. - P. &amp; Wu, Y. - H. (2010) A new species of Pachyseius Berlese, 1910 from China (Acari, Mesostigmata, Pachylaelapidae). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 35, 270 - 273." type="journal article" year="2010">Bei, Chen &amp; Wu, 2010</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="A2B6BBE4FF95FF9EFB0E6FF79915FA79" box="[1210,1281,1493,1518]" name="China" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DA1EFB74FF95FF9EFF7D6FDB986CF8C1" blockId="39.[151,1436,1241,1878]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
Based on the illustrations accompanying the two original species of
<emphasis id="E8D52766FF95FF9EFC6C6FDB9844F985" box="[984,1104,1529,1554]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mirabulbu</emphasis>
s, together with more precise descriptions of the other species from
<collectingCountry id="A2B6BBE4FF95FF9EFDFB6C3F9E86F9A1" box="[591,658,1565,1590]" name="China" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">China</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="A2B6BBE4FF95FF9EFD796C3C9F04F9A2" box="[717,784,1566,1589]" name="Japan" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<taxonomicName id="1DA180F7FF95FF9EFCA96C3F9FB4F9A1" authorityName="Liu &amp; Ma" authorityYear="2001" box="[797,928,1565,1590]" class="Arachnida" family="Bulbogamasidae" genus="Mirabulbus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E8D52766FF95FF9EFCA96C3F9FB4F9A1" box="[797,928,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mirabulbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to be closely related to
<taxonomicName id="1DA180F7FF95FF9EFAA36C3F9981F9A1" authorityName="Berlese" authorityYear="1910" box="[1303,1429,1565,1590]" class="Arachnida" family="Pachylaelapidae" genus="Pachyseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E8D52766FF95FF9EFAA36C3F9981F9A1" box="[1303,1429,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Pachyseius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. These two genera share the following character states: (1) dorsal shield with 30 pairs of setae; (2) sternal shield with three pairs of setae; (3) a pair of metasternal platelets present, each with a seta and associated lyrifissure; (4) separate epigynal shield with a pair of setae and minute suboval post-epigynal sclerites close to its posterior margin; (5) ventri-anal shield bearing at least two pairs of ventral setae; (6) epistome with anterior margin not produced into a narrowly necked projection; (7) palp apotele three-tined; (8) chelicera with one setal brush at the base of the movable digit; (9) male with spermatodactyl long and projecting posterodorsally; (10) male with separate sternitigenital and ventri-anal shields, and with free posterior ends of peritrematal shields. For the main distinguishing characters between
<taxonomicName id="1DA180F7FF95FF9EFDAD6D1F9E88F8C1" authorityName="Liu &amp; Ma" authorityYear="2001" box="[537,668,1853,1878]" class="Arachnida" family="Bulbogamasidae" genus="Mirabulbus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E8D52766FF95FF9EFDAD6D1F9E88F8C1" box="[537,668,1853,1878]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mirabulbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="1DA180F7FF95FF9EFD666D1F9F44F8C1" authorityName="Berlese" authorityYear="1910" box="[722,848,1853,1878]" class="Arachnida" family="Pachylaelapidae" genus="Pachyseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E8D52766FF95FF9EFD666D1F9F44F8C1" box="[722,848,1853,1878]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Pachyseius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
refer to the key to genera.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>