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<mods:title id="8BEFF915E425F859236ABEA5ED1A22A6">A revision of the genus Leptotyphlops in northeastern Africa and southwestern Arabia (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae)</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC1FFE6FF0284624344B37C" bold="true" box="[151,518,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Leptotyphlops macrorhynchus</emphasis>
(Jan &amp; Sordelli)
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(
<figureCitation id="B7EA2A51FFC1FFE6FD738462427CB37C" box="[742,830,1071,1097]" captionStart="PLATE 9" captionStartId="30.[151,238,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox="[277,1301,263,1779]" captionTargetId="figure-166@30.[276,1319,250,1792]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="PLATE 9. Figure 1. Leptotyphlops macrorhynchus. Dorsal and lateral views of the head of BMNH 1932.5.2.9 — Mouth of Kaliokwell River, Kenya. The line represents 1 mm to scale. Figure 2. Leptotyphlops pembae. Dorsal, lateral and ventral views of the head of BMNH 1947.1.1.43 — Kisiwani, Pemba Island, Tanzania. The line represents 1 mm to scale. Figure 3. Leptotyphlops macrops. Dorsal, lateral and ventral views of the head of the holotype, NMZB 11352 — Mkwaja Forests, Tanzania, after Broadley &amp; Wallach (1996). The line represents 1 mm to scale. Figure 4. Leptotyphlops emini. Dorsal, lateral and ventral views of the head of CAS 227770 from Kapaka Game Control Area, Mpande District, Tanzania. The line represents 1 mm to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6789094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6789094/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Plate 9</figureCitation>
, Fig. 1)
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beaked worm-snake
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC1FFE6FF0284EF4337B38C" box="[151,629,1186,1209]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Stenostoma (Ramphostoma) macrorhynchum</emphasis>
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Jan &amp; Sordelli, 
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<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC1FFE6FCCB84EF4231B38C" box="[862,883,1186,1209]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">in</emphasis>
1860–1866, Icon. Gen. Ophid. 1: livr. 1, Pls. 5 &amp; 6, fig. 12. Type locality: 
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, 
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, 
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destroyed by fire (formerly in MSNM).
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<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFC1FFE6FF02854F40A1B22C" box="[151,483,1282,1305]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Ramphostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrorhynchum">Ramphostoma macrorhynchum</taxonomicName>
—
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<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FD9D854F43E4B22C" author="Jan, G." box="[520,678,1282,1305]" page="190" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1861">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FD9D854F43E4B22C" author="Jan" box="[520,678,1282,1305]" firstAuthor="Jan" page="190" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="178 - 199" refId="ref59331" refString="Jan, G. (1861) Note sulla famiglia dei Tiflopidi, sui loro generi e sulle specie del genere Stenostoma. Archivio per la Zoologia l'Anatomia e la Fisiologia (Genova), 1 (2), 178 - 199, Pls. 1 - 2." type="journal article" year="1861">Jan, 1861: 190</bibRefCitation>
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, 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FD24854F4250B22C" author="Jan, G." box="[689,786,1282,1305]" page="16" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1863">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FD24854F4250B22C" author="Jan" box="[689,786,1282,1305]" firstAuthor="Jan" page="16" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref59381" refString="Jan, G. (1863) Elenco sistematico degli ofidi descritti e disegnati per L'Iconografia Generale. A. Lombardi, Milano, viii + 143 pp." type="book" year="1863">1863: 16</bibRefCitation>
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, 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FC88854F423CB22C" author="Jan, G." box="[797,894,1282,1305]" page="39" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1864">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FC88854F423CB22C" author="Jan" box="[797,894,1282,1305]" firstAuthor="Jan" page="39" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref59410" refString="Jan, G. (1864) Iconographie generale des ophidiens. Premiere famille. Les typhlopiens. Georges Jan (Milan), 42 pp." type="book" year="1864">1864: 39</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC1FFE6FF02856F4095B20C" box="[151,471,1314,1337]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFC1FFE6FF02856F40F7B20C" ID-CoL="3G6HK" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1890" box="[151,437,1314,1337]" class="Squamata" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Glauconia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrorhynchus">Glauconia macrorhynchus</taxonomicName>
—
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FE74856F4381B20C" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[481,707,1314,1337]" page="92" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1890">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FE74856F4381B20C" author="Boulenger" box="[481,707,1314,1337]" firstAuthor="Boulenger" page="92" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="91 - 93" refId="ref57216" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1890) Description of a new snake of the genus Glauconia Gray, obtained by Dr. Emin Pasha on the Victoria Nyanza. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History (London), (6) 6 (31), 91 - 93." type="journal article" year="1890">Boulenger, 1890: 92</bibRefCitation>
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, 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FD44856F4276B20C" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[721,820,1314,1337]" page="61" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1893">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FD44856F4276B20C" author="Boulenger" box="[721,820,1314,1337]" firstAuthor="Boulenger" page="61" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 38" refId="ref57270" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1893) Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History), Volume I, containing the families Typhlopidae, Glauconiidae, Boidae, Ilysiidae, Uropeltidae, Xenopeltidae, and Colubridae aglyphae, part. British Museum (Natural History), London, xiii + 448 pp., Pls. 1 - 38." type="book chapter" year="1893">1893: 61</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FCD7856F42FFB20C" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[834,957,1314,1337]" page="643" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1915">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FCD7856F42FFB20C" author="Boulenger" box="[834,957,1314,1337]" firstAuthor="Boulenger" page="643" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="641 - 658" refId="ref57529" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1915 c) A list of the snakes of North-East Africa, from the Tropic to the Soudan and Somaliland, including Socotra. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1915, 641 - 658." type="journal article" year="1915" yearSuffix="c">1915c: 643</bibRefCitation>
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(part), 1920: 299 (part); 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FB42856F44DAB20C" author="Werner, F." box="[1239,1432,1314,1337]" page="42" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1907">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FB42856F44DAB20C" author="Werner" box="[1239,1432,1314,1337]" firstAuthor="Werner" page="42" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1823 - 1926" refId="ref64136" refString="Werner, F. (1907) Ergebnisse der mit Subvention aus der Erbschaft Treitl unternommenen zoologischen Forschungsreise Dr. Franz Werner's nach dem agyptischen Sudan und Nord-Uganda. Sitzungsberichten der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, 116 (1), 1823 - 1926, Pls. 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1907">Werner, 1907: 42</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FF52850F4070B26C" author="Werner, F." box="[199,306,1346,1369]" page="201" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1917">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FF52850F4070B26C" author="Werner" box="[199,306,1346,1369]" firstAuthor="Werner" page="201" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="191 - 208" refId="ref64228" refString="Werner, F. (1917) Versuch einer Synopsis der Schlangenfamilie der Glauconiiden. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum (Hamburg), 34, 191 - 208." type="journal article" year="1917">1917: 201</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(part).
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFC1FFE6FF02852F4358B24C" ID-CoL="3G6GY" authority="Scortecci, 1929" authorityName="Scortecci" authorityYear="1929" box="[151,538,1378,1401]" class="Squamata" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Glauconia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fiechteri">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC1FFE6FF02852F402AB24C" box="[151,360,1378,1401]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Glauconia fiechteri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FEE5852F4358B24C" author="Scortecci" box="[368,538,1378,1401]" firstAuthor="Scortecci" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="245 - 279" refId="ref62172" refString="Scortecci, G. (1929) Primo contributo alla conoscenza dei rettili e degli anfibi della Somalia Italiana. Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale in Milano, 68 (3 - 4), 245 - 279." type="journal article" year="1929">Scortecci, 1929</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, Atti. Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat., Milano, 68: 266 (part), fig. (unnumbered). Type locality: Villabruzzi, Giohar, 
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(
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, 
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, 
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), 
<typeStatus id="F06A8876FFC1FFE6FCB885CF42D3B2AC" box="[813,913,1410,1433]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, MSNM 582 (formerly MSNM 2032a), collected by U. Fiechter, 
<date id="5B6F1014FFC1FFE6FEF985EF436FB28C" box="[364,557,1442,1465]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1928-12-09">9 December 1928</date>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FDAD85EF421BB28C" author="Wallach, V. &amp; Lanza, B." box="[568,857,1442,1465]" page="85" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FDAD85EF421BB28C" author="Wallach &amp; Lanza" box="[568,857,1442,1465]" firstAuthor="Wallach" page="85" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="79 - 91" refId="ref63874" refString="Wallach, V. &amp; Lanza, B. (2004) Taxonomic reassessment of Giuseppe Scortecci's scolecophidian type and non-type specimens from Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia and Yemen in the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale in Milano (Reptilia: Serpentes). Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale in Milano, 145 (1), 79 - 91." type="journal article" year="2004">Wallach &amp; Lanza 2004: 85</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC1FFE6FF02858F43E8B2EC" blockId="28.[151,1437,1186,1785]" box="[151,682,1474,1497]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="0FC111FAFFC1FFE6FF02858F43E8B2EC" box="[151,682,1474,1497]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC1FFE6FF02858F40C7B2EC" box="[151,389,1474,1497]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFC1FFE6FF02858F4024B2EC" box="[151,358,1474,1497]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cairi">Leptotyphlops cairi</taxonomicName>
—
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FE19858F43E4B2EC" author="Gans, C. &amp; Laurent, R. F." box="[396,678,1474,1497]" page="49" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1965">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FE19858F43E4B2EC" author="Gans &amp; Laurent" box="[396,678,1474,1497]" firstAuthor="Gans" page="49" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="47 - 70" refId="ref58730" refString="Gans, C. &amp; Laurent, R. F. (1965) Snakes. In: Gans, G., Laurent, R. F. &amp; Pandit, H. (Ed.), Notes on a herpetological collection from the Somali Republic. Annales du Museum Royal de l'Afrique Centrale (Tervuren), (8 vo- Sciences Zoologiques), 134, 47 - 70, Pls. 6 - 7." type="journal article" year="1965">Gans &amp; Laurent, 1965: 49</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC1FFE6FF0285AF4528B1AC" blockId="28.[151,1437,1186,1785]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="0FC111FAFFC1FFE6FF0285AF4528B1AC" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFC1FFE6FF0285AF409BB2CC" box="[151,473,1506,1529]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrorhynchus">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC1FFE6FF0285AF409BB2CC" box="[151,473,1506,1529]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Leptotyphlops macrorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FD9185AF43EBB2CC" author="Haas, G." box="[516,681,1506,1529]" page="90" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1959">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FD9185AF43EBB2CC" author="Haas" box="[516,681,1506,1529]" firstAuthor="Haas" page="90" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="90 - 104" refId="ref58878" refString="Haas, G. (1959) Bemerkungen uber die Anatomie des Kopfes und des Schadels der Leptotyphlopidae (Ophidia), speziell von L. macrorhynchus Jan. Vierteljahresschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zurich, 104, 90 - 104." type="journal article" year="1959">Haas, 1959: 90</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs. 1–2; 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FCB785AF429CB2CC" author="Villiers, A." box="[802,990,1506,1529]" page="85" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1975">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FCB785AF429CB2CC" author="Villiers" box="[802,990,1506,1529]" firstAuthor="Villiers" page="85" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref63030" refString="Villiers, A. (1975) Les serpents de l'Ouest Africain. 3 e edition. Institut Francais d'Afrique Noire, Dakar, 195 pp." type="book" year="1975">Villiers, 1975: 85</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(part), figs. 107–108; 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FB4785AF40E7B12C" author="Kramer, E. &amp; Schnurrenberger, H." page="477" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1963">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FB4785AF40E7B12C" author="Kramer &amp; Schnurrenberger" firstAuthor="Kramer" page="477" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="453 - 568" refId="ref59666" refString="Kramer, E. &amp; Schnurrenberger, H. (1963) Systematik, Verbreitung und Okologie der Libyschen Schlangen. Revue Suisse de Zoologie (Geneve), 70 (3), 453 - 568, Pls. 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1963">Kramer &amp; Schnurrenberger, 1963: 477</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 1; 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FE60864F4201B12C" author="Corkill, N. L. &amp; Cochrane, J. A." box="[501,835,1538,1561]" page="496" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1966">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FE60864F4201B12C" author="Corkill &amp; Cochrane" box="[501,835,1538,1561]" firstAuthor="Corkill" page="496" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="475 - 506" refId="ref58200" refString="Corkill, N. L. &amp; Cochrane, J. A. (1966) The snakes of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society (Bombay), (1965) 62 (3): 475 - 506." type="journal article" year="1966">Corkill &amp; Cochrane, 1966: 496</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FCD8864F454BB12C" author="Lanza, B." box="[845,1033,1538,1561]" page="174" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1972">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FCD8864F454BB12C" author="Lanza" box="[845,1033,1538,1561]" firstAuthor="Lanza" page="174" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="159 - 184" refId="ref59765" refString="Lanza, B. (1972) The reptiles of the Awash National Park (Shoa, Ethiopia). Monitore Zoologico Italiano, Firenze, (N. S.) Supplemento, 4 (7), 159 - 184." type="journal article" year="1972">Lanza, 1972: 174</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FB81864F458AB12C" author="Hahn, D. E." box="[1044,1224,1538,1561]" page="482" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1978">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FB81864F458AB12C" author="Hahn" box="[1044,1224,1538,1561]" firstAuthor="Hahn" page="482" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="477 - 489" refId="ref58920" refString="Hahn, D. E. (1978) A brief review of the genus Leptotyphlops (Reptilia, Serpentes, Leptotyphlopidae) of Asia, with description of a new species. Journal of Herpetology (Lawrence), 12 (4), 477 - 489." type="journal article" year="1978">Hahn, 1978: 482</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FB47864F44D5B12C" author="Arnold, E. N." box="[1234,1431,1538,1561]" page="314" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1980">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FB47864F44D5B12C" author="Arnold" box="[1234,1431,1538,1561]" firstAuthor="Arnold" page="314" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="273 - 332" refId="ref56728" refString="Arnold, E. N. (1980) The reptiles and amphibians of Dhofar, southern Arabia. The Journal of Oman Studies, Special Report (Muscat), 2, 273 - 332." type="journal article" year="1980">Arnold, 1980: 314</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FF52866F4075B10C" author="Arnold, E. N." box="[199,311,1570,1593]" page="253" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1987">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FF52866F4075B10C" author="Arnold" box="[199,311,1570,1593]" firstAuthor="Arnold" page="253" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="245 - 256" refId="ref56765" refString="Arnold, E. N. (1987) Zoogeography of the reptiles and amphibians of Arabia. In: Krupp, F., Schneider, W. &amp; Kinzelbach, R. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Symposium on the Fauna and Zoogeography of the Middle East. Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, Wiesbaden, pp. 245 - 256." type="book chapter" year="1987">1987: 253</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FED6866F4322B10C" author="Farag, A. A. &amp; Banaja, A. A." box="[323,608,1570,1593]" page="13" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1980">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FED6866F4322B10C" author="Farag &amp; Banaja" box="[323,608,1570,1593]" firstAuthor="Farag" page="13" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="5 - 29" refId="ref58489" refString="Farag, A. A. &amp; Banaja, A. A. (1980) Amphibians and reptiles from the western region of Saudi Arabia. Bulletin of the Faculty of Science, King Abdul Aziz University (Jeddah), 4, 5 - 29." type="journal article" year="1980">Farag &amp; Banaja, 1980: 13</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FDF8866F423CB10C" author="Leviton &amp; Aldrich" box="[621,894,1570,1593]" firstAuthor="Leviton" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref60130" refString="Leviton, A. E. &amp; Aldrich, M. L. (1984) John Anderson (1833 - 1900): a zoologist in the Victorian period. Introduction and checklist of the Arabian herpetofauna. In: Anderson, J., Herpetology of Arabia (reprint of Anderson, 1896). Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Athens, pp. v - xxxv." type="journal volume" year="1984">Leviton &amp; Aldrich, 1984</bibRefCitation>
: xxiv; 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FC5C866F45D0B10C" author="Werner, Y. L." box="[969,1170,1570,1593]" page="156" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1982">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FC5C866F45D0B10C" author="Werner" box="[969,1170,1570,1593]" firstAuthor="Werner" page="156" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="153 - 161" refId="ref64405" refString="Werner, Y. L. (1982) Herpetofaunal survey of the Sinai Peninsula (1967 - 77), with emphasis on the Saharan sand community. In: Scott, N. J., Jr. (Ed.), Herpetological communities. U. S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, pp. 153 - 161." type="book chapter" year="1982">Werner, 1982: 156</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(part), 1987: 283 (part); 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FF52860F4354B16C" author="Gallagher, M. D. &amp; Arnold, E. N." box="[199,534,1602,1625]" page="411" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1988">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FF52860F4354B16C" author="Gallagher &amp; Arnold" box="[199,534,1602,1625]" firstAuthor="Gallagher" page="411" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="405 - 413" refId="ref58686" refString="Gallagher, M. D. &amp; Arnold, E. N. (1988) Reptiles and amphibians from the Wahiba Sands, Oman. The Journal of Oman Studies, Special Report (Muscat), 3, 405 - 413." type="journal article" year="1988">Gallagher &amp; Arnold, 1988: 411</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(Mintirib); 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FD03860F42D2B16C" author="Leviton, A. E. &amp; Anderson, S. C. &amp; Adler, K. &amp; Minton, S. A." box="[662,912,1602,1625]" page="82" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1992">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FD03860F42D2B16C" author="Leviton" box="[662,912,1602,1625]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Leviton" page="82" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 33" refId="ref60264" refString="Leviton, A. E., Anderson, S. C., Adler, K. &amp; Minton, S. A. (1992) Handbook to Middle East amphibians and reptiles. Society for the Study of amphibians and reptiles, Oxford, vi + 252 pp., Pls. 1 - 33." type="book chapter" year="1992">
Leviton 
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC1FFE6FD7A860F4269B16C" box="[751,811,1602,1625]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al.,</emphasis>
1992: 82
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(part), pl. 13C; 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FBA8860F45B3B16C" author="Meirte, D." box="[1085,1265,1602,1625]" page="15" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1992">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FBA8860F45B3B16C" author="Meirte" box="[1085,1265,1602,1625]" firstAuthor="Meirte" page="15" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 152" refId="ref61147" refString="Meirte, D. (1992) Cles de determination des serpents d'Afrique. Annales du Museum Royal de l'Afrique Centrale (Tervuren), (Sciences Zoologiques), 267, 1 - 152." type="journal article" year="1992">Meirte, 1992: 15</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 28; 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FAC4860F409AB14C" author="Largen, M. J. &amp; Rasmussen, J. B." page="324" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1993">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FAC4860F409AB14C" author="Largen &amp; Rasmussen" firstAuthor="Largen" page="324" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="313 - 434" refId="ref59920" refString="Largen, M. J. &amp; Rasmussen, J. B. (1993) Catalogue of the snakes of Ethiopia (Reptilia Serpentes), including identification keys. Tropical Zoology (Firenze), 6, 313 - 434." type="journal article" year="1993">Largen &amp; Rasmussen, 1993: 324</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FE71862F43B5B14C" author="Schleich, H. H. &amp; Kastle, W. &amp; Kabisch, K." box="[484,759,1634,1657]" page="475" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1996">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FE71862F43B5B14C" author="Schleich" box="[484,759,1634,1657]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Schleich" page="475" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 63" refId="ref61916" refString="Schleich, H. H., Kastle, W. &amp; Kabisch, K. (1996) Amphibians and reptiles of North Africa. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, 627 pp., Pls. 1 - 63." type="book chapter" year="1996">
Schleich 
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC1FFE6FDDD862F43C7B14C" box="[584,645,1634,1657]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al.,</emphasis>
1996: 475
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(part), pl. 41, fig. 117; 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FC63862F45F2B14C" author="Largen, M. J." box="[1014,1200,1634,1657]" page="87" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1997">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FC63862F45F2B14C" author="Largen" box="[1014,1200,1634,1657]" firstAuthor="Largen" page="87" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="63 - 115" refId="ref59882" refString="Largen, M. J. (1997) An annotated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Eritrea, with keys for their identification. Tropical Zoology (Firenze), 10, 63 - 115." type="journal article" year="1997">Largen, 1997: 87</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; Sahel, 1997: 132, pl. 76; 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FF7A86CF4304B1AC" author="Schatti, B. &amp; Desvoignes, A." box="[239,582,1666,1689]" page="78" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FF7A86CF4304B1AC" author="Schatti &amp; Desvoignes" box="[239,582,1666,1689]" firstAuthor="Schatti" page="78" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref61849" refString="Schatti, B. &amp; Desvoignes, A. (1999) The herpetofauna of southern Yemen and the Sokotra Archipelago. Museum d'His- toire Naturelle, Geneve, 178 pp." type="book" year="1999">Schätti &amp; Desvoignes, 1999: 78</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FDC486CF4209B1AC" author="Baha el Din, S." box="[593,843,1666,1689]" page="221" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="2006">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FDC486CF4209B1AC" author="Baha el Din" box="[593,843,1666,1689]" firstAuthor="Baha el Din" page="221" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 127" refId="ref56832" refString="Baha el Din, S. (2006) A guide to the reptiles and amphibians of Egypt. The American University in Cairo Press, Cairo. xvi + 359 pp., Pls. 1 - 127." type="book chapter" year="2006">
<collectingRegion id="ED15F836FFC1FFE6FDC486CF43CAB1AC" box="[593,648,1666,1689]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Al Bahah" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Baha</collectingRegion>
el Din, 2006: 221
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs. A–B [p. 223], pl. 82.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC1FFE6FF0286EF4419B1EC" blockId="28.[151,1437,1186,1785]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="0FC111FAFFC1FFE6FF0286EF4419B1EC" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC1FFE6FF0286EF43EDB18C" box="[151,687,1698,1721]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFC1FFE6FF0286EF43CEB18C" authority="macrorhynchus" box="[151,652,1698,1721]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="macrorhynchus" subSpecies="macrorhynchus">Leptotyphlops macrorhynchus macrorhynchus</taxonomicName>
—
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FD2C86EF4238B18C" author="Villiers, A." box="[697,890,1698,1721]" page="56" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1950">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FD2C86EF4238B18C" author="Villiers" box="[697,890,1698,1721]" firstAuthor="Villiers" page="56" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref62980" refString="Villiers, A. (1950) Les serpents de l'Ouest Africain. Institut Francais d'Afrique Noire, Dakar, 148 pp." type="book" year="1950">Villiers, 1950: 56</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(part), figs. 54–55, 1963: 86 (part), figs. 92–93; 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FF52868F402CB1EC" author="Hahn, D. E." box="[199,366,1730,1753]" page="20" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1980">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FF52868F402CB1EC" author="Hahn" box="[199,366,1730,1753]" firstAuthor="Hahn" page="20" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 93" refId="ref59010" refString="Hahn, D. E. (1980) Liste der rezenten Amphibien und Reptilien: Anomalepididae, Leptotyphlopidae, Typhlopidae. Das Tierreich (Berlin), 101, i - xii, 1 - 93." type="journal article" year="1980">Hahn, 1980: 20</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FEEF868F4374B1EC" author="Lanza, B." box="[378,566,1730,1753]" page="220" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1983">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FEEF868F4374B1EC" author="Lanza" box="[378,566,1730,1753]" firstAuthor="Lanza" page="220" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="193 - 247" refId="ref59808" refString="Lanza, B. (1983) A list of the Somali amphibians and reptiles. Monitore Zoologico Italiano, Firenze, (N. S.) Supplemento, 18 (8), 193 - 247." type="journal article" year="1983">Lanza, 1983: 220</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FDD4868F43EDB1EC" author="Lanza, B." box="[577,687,1730,1753]" page="431" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1990">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FDD4868F43EDB1EC" author="Lanza" box="[577,687,1730,1753]" firstAuthor="Lanza" page="431" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="407 - 465" refId="ref59847" refString="Lanza, B. (1990) Amphibians and reptiles of the Somali Democratic Republic: check list and bibliography. Biogeographia (Bologna), (1988) 14, 407 - 465." type="journal article" year="1990">1990: 431</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FD2F868F4289B1EC" author="Schleich, H. H. &amp; Kastle, W. &amp; Kabisch, K." box="[698,971,1730,1753]" page="477" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1996">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FD2F868F4289B1EC" author="Schleich" box="[698,971,1730,1753]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Schleich" page="477" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 63" refId="ref61916" refString="Schleich, H. H., Kastle, W. &amp; Kabisch, K. (1996) Amphibians and reptiles of North Africa. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, 627 pp., Pls. 1 - 63." type="book chapter" year="1996">
Schleich 
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC1FFE6FC88868F421BB1EC" box="[797,857,1730,1753]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al.,</emphasis>
1996: 477
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(part); 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FB8E868F4441B1EC" author="Gasperetti, J." box="[1051,1283,1730,1753]" page="200" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1988">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FB8E868F4441B1EC" author="Gasperetti" box="[1051,1283,1730,1753]" firstAuthor="Gasperetti" page="200" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="169 - 450" refId="ref58809" refString="Gasperetti, J. (1988) Snakes of Arabia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia (Riyadh), 9, 169 - 450." type="journal article" year="1988">Gasperetti, 1988: 200</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 14.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC1FFE6FF0286AF42B1B1CC" blockId="28.[151,1437,1186,1785]" box="[151,1011,1762,1785]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="0FC111FAFFC1FFE6FF0286AF42B1B1CC" box="[151,1011,1762,1785]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FF0286AF432BB1CC" author="Hahn, D. E." box="[151,617,1762,1785]" page="19" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1980">
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFC1FFE6FF0286AF432BB1CC" authority="Hahn, 1980: 19" authorityName="Hahn" authorityPageNumber="19" authorityYear="1980" box="[151,617,1762,1785]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudus">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC1FFE6FF0286AF40FFB1CC" box="[151,445,1762,1785]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Leptotyphlops longicaudus,</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FE5186AF432BB1CC" author="Hahn" box="[452,617,1762,1785]" firstAuthor="Hahn" page="19" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 93" refId="ref59010" refString="Hahn, D. E. (1980) Liste der rezenten Amphibien und Reptilien: Anomalepididae, Leptotyphlopidae, Typhlopidae. Das Tierreich (Berlin), 101, i - xii, 1 - 93." type="journal article" year="1980">Hahn, 1980: 19</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(part); 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FD2C86AF4237B1CC" author="Lanza, B." box="[697,885,1762,1785]" page="220" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1983">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FD2C86AF4237B1CC" author="Lanza" box="[697,885,1762,1785]" firstAuthor="Lanza" page="220" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="193 - 247" refId="ref59808" refString="Lanza, B. (1983) A list of the Somali amphibians and reptiles. Monitore Zoologico Italiano, Firenze, (N. S.) Supplemento, 18 (8), 193 - 247." type="journal article" year="1983">Lanza, 1983: 220</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC1FFE6FC1586AF42ADB1CC" author="Lanza, B." box="[896,1007,1762,1785]" page="431" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1990">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC1FFE6FC1586AF42ADB1CC" author="Lanza" box="[896,1007,1762,1785]" firstAuthor="Lanza" page="431" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="407 - 465" refId="ref59847" refString="Lanza, B. (1990) Amphibians and reptiles of the Somali Democratic Republic: check list and bibliography. Biogeographia (Bologna), (1988) 14, 407 - 465." type="journal article" year="1990">1990: 431</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="67CB655FFFC1FFE6FF02877F41B7B0F1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC1FFE6FF02877F41B7B0F1" blockId="28.[151,1436,1842,2028]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC1FFE6FF02877F4055B079" bold="true" box="[151,279,1842,1868]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
A member of the 
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFC1FFE6FE61877E4270B079" authorityName="Hahn" authorityYear="1980" box="[500,818,1843,1868]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudus">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC1FFE6FE61877E4270B079" box="[500,818,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Leptotyphlops longicaudus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, differing from 
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFC1FFE6FBAA877E45ADB079" authorityName="Hahn" authorityYear="1980" box="[1087,1263,1843,1868]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudus">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC1FFE6FBAA877E45ADB079" box="[1087,1263,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">L. longicaudus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its strongly hooked snout and relatively shorter tail (total length/tail ratio 10.0–14.3 vs 5.7–11.0). It differs from 
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFC1FFE6FABC8716443CB041" box="[1321,1406,1883,1908]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cairi">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC1FFE6FABC8716443CB041" box="[1321,1406,1883,1908]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">L. cairi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in being unpigmented, having a beak, and a longer, thinner body. Skull with a large frontoparietal foramen like 
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC1FFE6FF0287E641B7B0F1" box="[151,245,1963,1988]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFC1FFE6FF0287E641B3B0F1" box="[151,241,1963,1988]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cairi">L. cairi</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="67CB655FFFC1FFE7FF53879F4505B4B7" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC1FFE7FF53879F40C0B787" blockId="28.[151,1436,1842,2028]" lastBlockId="29.[151,1437,152,1338]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC1FFE6FF53879F401CB0D9" bold="true" box="[198,350,2002,2028]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Description.</emphasis>
Body cylindrical, with head and neck slightly broadened, the moderate tail tapers to a small blunt terminal cone.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC0FFE7FF53808D40FBB577" blockId="29.[151,1437,152,1338]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Snout hooked in lateral view with distinct beak, rostral moderate (0.36–0.60 head width, mean = 0.50), much wider than nasals dorsally, not reaching level of eyes. Behind rostral, upper lip bordered by infranasal (nostril midway between rostral and supralabial along nasal suture), small anterior supralabial with a width along lip equal to that of infranasal, large ocular with small eye or eyespot centrally placed in upper half, and moderate posterior supralabial. Frontal, supraoculars, and postfrontal subequal, forming a rather floral-like rosette pattern (as if cut from a single large median rounded shield). Supraoculars subpentagonal, anteriorly wedged between upper nasal and ocular, posteriorly wedged between frontal and postfrontal, both smaller than interparietal and interoccipital. Parietals transverse, larger than the occipitals (which are not fused, but usually fused elsewhere in the species range), in contact with the posterior supralabials. Temporal single. No mental, four infralabials.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC0FFE7FF53821D453CB5A7" blockId="29.[151,1437,152,1338]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Body covered with 14 rows of smooth, imbricate, subequal scales. Reduction to 10 rows takes place lateral to the subtriangular cloacal shield. Total middorsals 315–404; subcaudals 26–43.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC0FFE7FF5382ED42A2B58F" blockId="29.[151,1437,152,1338]" box="[198,992,672,698]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Total length/diameter ratio 64–133; total length/tail ratio 10.0–15.7.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC0FFE7FF5382854571B43F" blockId="29.[151,1437,152,1338]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Dorsum unpigmented, pale reddish-brown or pink (in life) to beige or tan (in preservative), venter cream to white, but a specimen from Sodere, 
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFC0FFE7FDC982BD4380B43F" box="[604,706,752,778]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
, has the subcaudals pigmented.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC0FFE7FF53835A45B0B407" blockId="29.[151,1437,152,1338]" box="[198,1266,791,818]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC0FFE7FF53835A4040B404" bold="true" box="[198,258,791,817]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Size:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="9FB93C89FFC0FFE7FE9C835545AFB407" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3827581415" box="[265,1261,792,818]" collectionCode="NMK" country="Kenya" location="Porr Hill" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Turkana">
Largest specimen (
<collectionCode id="49C0AE11FFC0FFE7FE738355436DB407" box="[486,559,792,818]" country="Kenya" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/h6fg-emd8" name="National Museums of Kenya" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="Museum">NMK</collectionCode>
/O. 2661 — 
<location id="2A0E600FFFC0FFE7FD2A8355426AB407" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A77887C2FFC1FFE7FF028462419BB20F:2A0E600FFFC0FFE7FD2A8355426AB407" box="[703,808,792,818]" country="Kenya" name="Porr Hill" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" stateProvince="Turkana">Porr Hill</location>
, 
<collectingRegion id="ED15F836FFC0FFE7FCA0835542DAB407" box="[821,920,792,818]" country="Kenya" name="Turkana" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Turkana</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFC0FFE7FC31835542B0B407" box="[932,1010,792,818]" name="Kenya" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Kenya</collectingCountry>
) 150 + 10 = 
<quantity id="E8299B31FFC0FFE7FB1C835545AFB407" box="[1161,1261,792,818]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="160.0">160 mm</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC0FFE7FF5383724505B4B7" blockId="29.[151,1437,152,1338]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC0FFE7FF538372406CB46C" bold="true" box="[198,302,831,857]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Habitat.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="9FB93C89FFC0FFE7FEA3830D4501B4B7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3827581337" country="Egypt" location="lower Nile Valley" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Al Qahirah">
Sandy areas of dry savanna and semi-desert. At least parapatric with 
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFC0FFE7FBF9830D4410B46C" box="[1132,1362,832,857]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cairi">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC0FFE7FBF9830D4410B46C" box="[1132,1362,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Leptotyphlops cairi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at the 
<typeStatus id="F06A8876FFC0FFE7FF028325418BB4B7" box="[151,201,872,898]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">type</typeStatus>
locality and in the 
<location id="2A0E600FFFC0FFE7FE3F8325433BB4B7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A77887C2FFC1FFE7FF028462419BB20F:2A0E600FFFC0FFE7FE3F8325433BB4B7" box="[426,633,872,898]" country="Egypt" name="lower Nile Valley" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" stateProvince="Al Qahirah">lower Nile Valley</location>
near 
<collectingRegion id="ED15F836FFC0FFE7FD2F832543BCB4B7" box="[698,766,872,898]" country="Egypt" name="Al Qahirah" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Cairo</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFC0FFE7FC9F83254212B4B7" box="[778,848,872,898]" name="Egypt" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Egypt</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC0FFE7FCCA83254579B4B7" author="Baha el Din" box="[863,1083,872,898]" firstAuthor="Baha el Din" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 127" refId="ref56832" refString="Baha el Din, S. (2006) A guide to the reptiles and amphibians of Egypt. The American University in Cairo Press, Cairo. xvi + 359 pp., Pls. 1 - 127." type="book chapter" year="2006">Baha el Din, 2006</bibRefCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="67CB655FFFC0FFE7FF5383C2419BB20F" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC0FFE7FF5383C240F1B317" blockId="29.[151,1437,152,1338]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC0FFE7FF5383C24025B49C" bold="true" box="[198,359,911,937]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFC0FFE7FEFB83DD4089B49F" box="[366,459,912,938]" name="Gambia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Gambia</collectingCountry>
(
<typeStatus id="F06A8876FFC0FFE7FE4E83DD434DB49F" box="[475,527,912,938]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">type</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFC0FFE7FDAD83DD42DCB49F" authority="Andersson" authorityName="Andersson" authorityYear="1937" box="[568,926,912,938]" class="Squamata" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Glauconia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="natatrix">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC0FFE7FDAD83DD425BB49C" box="[568,793,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Glauconia natatrix</emphasis>
Andersson
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC0FFE7FC3383DD4290B49C" box="[934,978,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">fide</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC0FFE7FC4E83DD45C2B49F" author="Wallach" box="[987,1152,912,938]" firstAuthor="Wallach" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="227 - 245" refId="ref63619" refString="Wallach, V. (2003) Scolecophidia miscellanea. Hamadryad (Mamallapuram), 27 (2), 227 - 245." type="journal article" year="2003">Wallach 2003</bibRefCitation>
), east through the Sahel and Sudanese savanna to the Horn of Africa, north to 
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFC0FFE7FC8683F5422AB4E7" box="[787,872,952,978]" name="Turkey" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Turkey</collectingCountry>
, south to 
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFC0FFE7FC4F83F54564B4E7" box="[986,1062,952,978]" name="Kenya" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Kenya</collectingCountry>
and northern 
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFC0FFE7FB5E83F54475B4E7" box="[1227,1335,952,978]" name="Tanzania" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
, 
<quantity id="E8299B31FFC0FFE7FAD183F541ECB4CF" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="12.5" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="625.0" valueMax="1250.0" valueMin="0.0">0–1250 m</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="B7EA2A51FFC0FFE7FF5483AD405BB4CF" box="[193,281,992,1018]" captionStart="PLATE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,238,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[268,1322,271,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-152@13.[264,1323,266,1713]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="PLATE 5. Leptotyphlops. Distribution of the Leptotyphlops parkeri, L. reticulatus, L. longicaudus and L. nigricans species groups in northeastern Africa and southwestern Arabia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6789078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6789078/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Plate 5</figureCitation>
). The status of populations in West Africa, the Middle East, and 
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFC0FFE7FBA883AD45E2B4CF" box="[1085,1184,992,1018]" name="Pakistan" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
and northwest 
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFC0FFE7FACA83AD44D9B4CF" box="[1375,1435,992,1018]" name="India" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">India</collectingCountry>
remains be investigated.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC0FFE7FF538462419BB20F" blockId="29.[151,1437,152,1338]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC0FFE7FF5384624004B37C" bold="true" box="[198,326,1071,1097]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Localities.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFC0FFE7FEC1847D40FFB37F" box="[340,445,1072,1098]" name="Sudan" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">SUDAN</collectingCountry>
. Daragaia, N. Kordofan NMW 15458; Gabl el Meghahir (
<collectingRegion id="ED15F836FFC0FFE7FB37847D446CB37F" box="[1186,1326,1072,1098]" country="Sudan" name="An Nil al Abyad" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">White Nile</collectingRegion>
) BMNH 1900.9.22.23; Kosti (
<collectingRegion id="ED15F836FFC0FFE7FE018415435EB347" box="[404,540,1112,1138]" country="Sudan" name="An Nil al Abyad" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">White Nile</collectingRegion>
) BMNH 1914.8.17.10; Sennar (
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC0FFE7FC0A8415455AB347" author="Jan" box="[927,1048,1112,1138]" firstAuthor="Jan" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 102" refId="ref59437" refString="Jan, G. &amp; Sordelli, F. (1860 - 1866) Iconographie generale des Ophidiens. Tome premier (livrais. 1 a 17), contenant cent deux planches. J. B. Bailliere et Fils, Paris, pp. 1 - 11, Pls. 1 - 102." type="book chapter" year="1860">Jan, 1860</bibRefCitation>
). 
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFC0FFE7FBBA841545F8B347" box="[1071,1210,1112,1138]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">ETHIOPIA</collectingCountry>
. Sodere BH uncat. 
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFC0FFE7FF0284CD41BCB3AF" box="[151,254,1152,1178]" name="Kenya" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">KENYA</collectingCountry>
. No locality MVZ 200827; NMK/O. uncat.; NMZB 14881; 
<quantity id="E8299B31FFC0FFE7FC2984CD4544B3AF" box="[956,1030,1152,1178]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
N of Kimana ZFMK 41670; Nariokotome River, west 
<collectingRegion id="ED15F836FFC0FFE7FE0284E540B5B3F7" box="[407,503,1192,1218]" country="Kenya" name="Turkana" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Turkana</collectingRegion>
NMK/O. 3014; Olorgesaille NMK/O. 2729; Porr Hill, east 
<collectingRegion id="ED15F836FFC0FFE7FB5C84E5446BB3F7" box="[1225,1321,1192,1218]" country="Kenya" name="Turkana" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Turkana</collectingRegion>
NMK/O. 2661; Sankuri MNHG 1561.87; 
<collectingRegion id="ED15F836FFC0FFE7FD87849D4310B3DF" box="[530,594,1232,1258]" country="Kenya" name="Wajir" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Wajir</collectingRegion>
CAS 146971; NHCL 1548. 
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFC0FFE7FC35849D457BB3DF" box="[928,1081,1232,1258]" name="Tanzania" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">TANZANIA</collectingCountry>
. NE side of Mount Meru CAS 89734. 
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFC0FFE7FF6584B5403BB227" box="[240,377,1272,1298]" name="Somalia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">SOMALIA</collectingCountry>
. 
<quantity id="E8299B31FFC0FFE7FE1384B54093B227" box="[390,465,1272,1298]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
S of Bedawarak MCZ 74163; Bosaso NHCL 1800–02; Southern Somalia NHCL 1542.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>