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<document id="FA495E5628E54B78D6411487AEB45D28" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5026.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10100344" ID-ZooBank="07E0C922-6B0F-4916-85C2-AD95146A8F1E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629979906524" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Neita-Moreno, Jhon C." docDate="2021" docId="03932D70B606C351FF7B0FA8A416D9D3" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5026.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5026 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Cyclocephala ligyrina Bates 1888" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="39" masterDocId="FFAA5508B623C377FFEC0C06A02ADC12" masterDocTitle="A review of the black species of Cyclocephala Dejean (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dynastinae) from Colombia" masterLastPageNumber="58" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="38" updateTime="1699603307102" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="1A88C18636E6F909DCEE1DB1BACA9B48">A review of the black species of Cyclocephala Dejean (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dynastinae) from Colombia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4E340803A53FB96CA191A0265484FCE9">Neita-Moreno, Jhon C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="BA2404A6EAE8D46A73B925241AA8203C">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="72C5D5BA15DDC743623F2C22DAF7D119">2021-08-24</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2A1DC1AE132281E7A231A70986E67EEC">5026</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="7DEF8040EBDA7DE5BEC24E07C4705D84" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03932D70B606C351FF7B0FA8A416D9D3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03932D70B606C351FF7B0FA8A416D9D3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03932D70B606C351FF7B0FA8A416D9D3" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<subSubSection id="C320CFEDB606C352FF7B0FA8A21FDFDA" box="[151,565,942,969]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B859C66B606C352FF7B0FA8A21FDFDA" blockId="37.[151,1361,942,1005]" box="[151,565,942,969]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<heading id="D0CD2B0AB606C352FF7B0FA8A21FDFDA" bold="true" box="[151,565,942,969]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B606C352FF7B0FA8A21FDFDA" authority="Bates, 1888" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1888" box="[151,565,942,969]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ligyrina">
<emphasis id="B94E4074B606C352FF7B0FA8A21FDFDA" bold="true" box="[151,565,942,969]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B94E4074B606C352FF7B0FA8A18ADFDB" bold="true" box="[151,416,942,969]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Cyclocephala ligyrina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B606C352FE4B0FA9A21FDFDA" author="Bates, H. W." box="[423,565,942,969]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="296 - 342" refId="ref22786" refString="Bates, H. W. (1888) Pectinicornia and Lamellicornia, family Dynastidae. In: Salvin, O. &amp; Godman, F. D. (editors) Biologia Centrali - Americana. Insecta, Coleoptera. Vol. 2. Part 2. R. H. Porter, London, pp. 296 - 342." type="book chapter" year="1888">Bates, 1888</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C320CFEDB606C352FF7B0FD5A57BDFFF" box="[151,1361,978,1005]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B859C66B606C352FF7B0FD5A57BDFFF" blockId="37.[151,1361,942,1005]" box="[151,1361,978,1005]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
(
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FF730FD5A10FDFFF" box="[159,293,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[256,1331,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-15@15.[256,1331,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 4A–D. Cyclocephala ligyrina species group. A, Cyclocephala ligyrina male; B, Cyclocephala ligyrina female; C, Cyclocephala arhuacana male (holotype); D, Cyclocephala arhuacana female (allotype). Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100354" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100354/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Figs. 4A–B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FEDC0FD5A1AEDFFF" box="[304,388,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[159,1424,193,1799]" captionTargetId="figure-15@21.[151,1436,181,1811]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 10A–D. Adult mandibles. A, Cyclocephala ligyrina (ventral view); B, Cyclocephala ligyrina (dorsal view); C, Cyclocephala arhuacana (ventral view); D, Cyclocephala arhuacana (dorsal view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100368/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">10A–B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FE7C0FD5A1C9DFFF" box="[400,483,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[212,1375,185,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-29@22.[203,1383,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11A–D. Adult maxilla. A, Cyclocephala ligyrina (ventral view); B, Cyclocephala ligyrina (dorsal view); C, Cyclocephala arhuacana (ventral view); D, Cyclocephala arhuacana (dorsal view). dpmst: dorsal process of mediostipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100370" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100370/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">11A–B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FE030FD5A235DFFF" box="[495,543,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[264,1334,202,1911]" captionTargetId="figure-15@23.[253,1334,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12A–F. Adult labia. A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala fasciolata; D, Cyclocephala brevipennis; E, Cyclocephala ligyrina; F, Cyclocephala arhuacana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100372/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">12E</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FDC70FD5A2B7DFFF" box="[555,669,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1808,1832]" captionTargetBox="[161,1429,196,1774]" captionTargetId="figure-15@25.[151,1436,181,1785]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 14A–F. Adult epipharynxes. A, Cyclocephala fasciolata ventral view; B, Cyclocephala fasciolata dorsal view; C, Cyclocephala ligyrina ventral view; D, Cyclocephala ligyrina dorsal view; E, Cyclocephala arhuacana ventral view; F, Cyclocephala arhuacana dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100380/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">14C–D, F</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FD440FD4A2F1DFFF" box="[680,731,978,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[219,1372,189,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-29@26.[206,1381,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 15A–J. Adult male large claw (caudal view). A, Cyclcephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala brevipennis; D, Cyclocephala fasciolata; E, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype); F, Cyclocephala dalensi; G, Cyclocephala kaszabi; H, Cyclocephala ligyrina; I, Cyclocephala rufa; J, Cyclocephala arhuacana (holotype). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100382/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">15H</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FD0B0FD5A330DFFF" box="[743,794,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1676,1700]" captionTargetBox="[167,1426,192,1639]" captionTargetId="figure-15@27.[151,1436,181,1652]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 16A–J. Adult male large claw (lateral view). A, Cyclcephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala brevipennis; D, Cyclocephala fasciolata; E, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype); F, Cyclocephala dalensi; G, Cyclocephala kaszabi; H, Cyclocephala ligyrina; I, Cyclocephala rufa; J, Cyclocephala arhuacana (holotype). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100384/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">16H</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FCCA0FD5A373DFFF" box="[806,857,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[178,1404,181,1911]" captionTargetId="figure-29@28.[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 17A–J. Protarsomere 5 (caudal view). A, Cyclcephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala brevipennis; D, Cyclocephala fasciolata; E, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype); F, Cyclocephala dalensi; G, Cyclocephala kaszabi; H, Cyclocephala ligyrina; I, Cyclocephala rufa; J, Cyclocephala arhuacana (holotype). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100386/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">17H</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FC890FD5A3A5DFFF" box="[869,911,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1846,1870]" captionTargetBox="[161,1428,191,1813]" captionTargetId="figure-15@29.[151,1436,181,1822]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 18A–M. Protibiae (dorsal view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti (male); B, Cyclocephala proxima (male); C, Cyclocephala proxima (female); D, Cyclocephala brevipennis (male); E, Cyclocephala brevipennis (female); F, Cyclocephala fasciolata; G, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype); H, Cyclocephala dalensi; I, Cyclocephala kaszabi; J, Cyclocephala ligyrina; K, Cyclocephala rufa; L, Cyclocephala arhuacana (holotype); M, Cyclocephala arhuacana (allotype). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100388" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100388/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">18J</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FC770FD5A3E3DFFF" box="[923,969,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[182,1400,188,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-29@30.[175,1411,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 19A–H. Metatibiae (dorsal view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C. Cyclocephala rogerpauli; D, Cyclocephala dalensi; E, Cyclocephala kaszabi; F, Cyclocephala ligyrina; G, Cyclocephala rufa; H, Cyclocephala arhuacana. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100392/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">19F</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FC390FD5A42EDFFF" box="[981,1028,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[196,1389,161,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-15@31.[185,1402,151,1890]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 20A–G. Female epipleura (ventral view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala rogerpauli; D, Cyclocephala brevipennis; E, Cyclocephala kaszabi; F, Cyclocephala ligyrina; G, Cyclocephala arhuacana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100394/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">20F</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FBE30FD5A469DFFF" box="[1039,1091,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[152,1423,181,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-15@35.[151,1436,181,1816]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 24A–H. Pygidia (dorsal view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala rogerpauli; D, Cyclocephala brevipennis; E, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype); F, Cyclocephala dalensi; G, Cyclocephala kaszabi; H, Cyclocephala ligyrina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100402/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">24H</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FBA20FD5A48EDFFF" box="[1102,1188,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="42.[151,250,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[206,1390,193,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-29@42.[192,1396,181,1878]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 28A–H. Parameres and phallobases, Cyclocephala ligyrina species group. A, Cyclocephala ligyrina parameres, caudal view; B, Cyclocephala ligyrina phallobase, lateral view; C, Cyclocephala ligyrina parameres, caudal view; D, Cyclocephala ligyrina phallobase, lateral view; E, Cyclocephala ligyrina parameres, caudal view; F, Cyclocephala ligyrina phallobase, lateral view; G, Cyclocephala ligyrina parameres, caudal view; H. Cyclocephala ligyrina phallobase, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100411" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100411/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">28A–H</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FB430FD5A4C8DFFF" box="[1199,1250,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[375,1220,190,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-15@45.[360,1227,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 31A–D. Internal sacs. A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala ligyrina; D, Cyclocephala arhuacana. Copulatory lamella (LC) and raspula (RA)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100417" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100417/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">31C</figureCitation>
; 32H; 40)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C320CFEDB606C352FF7B081CA24FD8D7" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B859C66B606C352FF7B081CA24FD8D7" blockId="37.[151,1437,1050,2013]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B94E4074B606C352FF7B081CA120D826" bold="true" box="[151,266,1050,1076]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. In
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B606C352FEDA081DA182D827" authorityName="Ponchel" authorityYear="2009" box="[310,424,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dalensi">
<emphasis id="B94E4074B606C352FEDA081DA182D827" box="[310,424,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">C. dalensi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B606C352FE5A081DA200D827" authorityName="Endrodi" authorityYear="1964" box="[438,554,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kaszabi">
<emphasis id="B94E4074B606C352FE5A081DA200D827" box="[438,554,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">C. kaszabi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B606C352FD8B081DA2CBD827" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1888" box="[615,737,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ligyrina">
<emphasis id="B94E4074B606C352FD8B081DA250D827" box="[615,634,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B94E4074B606C352FD64081DA2CBD827" box="[648,737,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">ligyrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the surface of the pygidium is densely punctate (
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FAE0081DA5A5D827" box="[1292,1423,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[152,1423,181,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-15@35.[151,1436,181,1816]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 24A–H. Pygidia (dorsal view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala rogerpauli; D, Cyclocephala brevipennis; E, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype); F, Cyclocephala dalensi; G, Cyclocephala kaszabi; H, Cyclocephala ligyrina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100402/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 24F, H</figureCitation>
), but in
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B606C352FF320839A107D84B" authorityName="Endrodi. A" authorityYear="1967" box="[222,301,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufa">
<emphasis id="B94E4074B606C352FF320839A107D84B" box="[222,301,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">C. rufa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B606C352FE8F0839A1D6D84B" authorityName="Neita-Moreno" authorityYear="2021" box="[355,508,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arhuacana">
<emphasis id="B94E4074B606C352FE8F0839A1D6D84B" box="[355,508,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">C. arhuacana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the surface of the pygidium is sparsely punctate (
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FBC00839A49CD84B" box="[1068,1206,1086,1113]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1962,1986]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,777,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-280@39.[151,1436,777,1939]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 25A–D. Pygidia and heads (dorsal view). A, Cyclocephala rufa pygidium; B, Cyclocephala arhuacana (holotype) pygidium; C, Cyclocephala brevipennis head (dorsal view); D, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype) head (dorsal view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100404" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100404/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 25A–B</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B606C352FB240839A0ECD86E" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ligyrina">
<emphasis id="B94E4074B606C352FB240839A0ECD86E" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Cyclocephala ligyrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished by a metatibia with 2 rows of setae on the external face, and the second row does not cross the external face of the metatibia (
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FDF20881A2A8D8B3" box="[542,642,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[182,1400,188,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-29@30.[175,1411,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 19A–H. Metatibiae (dorsal view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C. Cyclocephala rogerpauli; D, Cyclocephala dalensi; E, Cyclocephala kaszabi; F, Cyclocephala ligyrina; G, Cyclocephala rufa; H, Cyclocephala arhuacana. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100392/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 19F</figureCitation>
), whereas in the other species, the second row does cross the external face of the metatibia (
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FE6008ADA273D8D7" box="[396,601,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[182,1400,188,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-29@30.[175,1411,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 19A–H. Metatibiae (dorsal view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C. Cyclocephala rogerpauli; D, Cyclocephala dalensi; E, Cyclocephala kaszabi; F, Cyclocephala ligyrina; G, Cyclocephala rufa; H, Cyclocephala arhuacana. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100392/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 19D–E, G–H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C320CFEDB606C351FF2B08C8A51ADCEB" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B859C66B606C352FF2B08C8A300DB5F" blockId="37.[151,1437,1050,2013]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B94E4074B606C352FF2B08C8A19DD8FB" bold="true" box="[199,439,1230,1257]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Redescription. Male</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FE2908C9A235D8FB" box="[453,543,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[256,1331,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-15@15.[256,1331,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 4A–D. Cyclocephala ligyrina species group. A, Cyclocephala ligyrina male; B, Cyclocephala ligyrina female; C, Cyclocephala arhuacana male (holotype); D, Cyclocephala arhuacana female (allotype). Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100354" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100354/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
). Length
<quantity id="4CC23183B606C352FD6A08C9A301D8FB" box="[646,811,1231,1257]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.07" metricValueMax="2.18" metricValueMin="1.96" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="20.7" valueMax="21.8" valueMin="19.6">19.6–21.8 mm</quantity>
; width
<quantity id="4CC23183B606C352FC9608C9A43BD8FB" box="[890,1041,1231,1257]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" metricValueMax="10.1" metricValueMin="9.3" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="9.7" valueMax="10.1" valueMin="9.3">9.3–10.1 mm</quantity>
. Color dark reddish brown to black.
<emphasis id="B94E4074B606C352FF7B08F5A0CAD91F" bold="true" box="[151,224,1267,1293]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Head:</emphasis>
Surface of frons and clypeus with punctures moderately dense (rarely sparse), deep, moderately large except those on occiput and apex of clypeus that are smaller and slightly denser. Clypeus with anterior angles broadly rounded, apex broadly truncate and weakly emarginate. Mandibles apically rounded, internal face with a groove (
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FF4C0959A103D96B" box="[160,297,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[159,1424,193,1799]" captionTargetId="figure-15@21.[151,1436,181,1811]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 10A–D. Adult mandibles. A, Cyclocephala ligyrina (ventral view); B, Cyclocephala ligyrina (dorsal view); C, Cyclocephala arhuacana (ventral view); D, Cyclocephala arhuacana (dorsal view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100368/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 10A–B</figureCitation>
); labium densely setose, paraglossa undeveloped, apex slightly notched (
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FBBA0959A491D96B" box="[1110,1211,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[264,1334,202,1911]" captionTargetId="figure-15@23.[253,1334,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12A–F. Adult labia. A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala fasciolata; D, Cyclocephala brevipennis; E, Cyclocephala ligyrina; F, Cyclocephala arhuacana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100372/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 12E</figureCitation>
); maxilla with galea developed, with 6 teeth (
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FE5A0985A26BD98F" box="[438,577,1411,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[212,1375,185,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-29@22.[203,1383,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11A–D. Adult maxilla. A, Cyclocephala ligyrina (ventral view); B, Cyclocephala ligyrina (dorsal view); C, Cyclocephala arhuacana (ventral view); D, Cyclocephala arhuacana (dorsal view). dpmst: dorsal process of mediostipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100370" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100370/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 11A–B</figureCitation>
). Epipharynx with apex parabolic, densely setose (ventral view,
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FACB0985A5A4D98F" box="[1319,1422,1411,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1808,1832]" captionTargetBox="[161,1429,196,1774]" captionTargetId="figure-15@25.[151,1436,181,1785]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 14A–F. Adult epipharynxes. A, Cyclocephala fasciolata ventral view; B, Cyclocephala fasciolata dorsal view; C, Cyclocephala ligyrina ventral view; D, Cyclocephala ligyrina dorsal view; E, Cyclocephala arhuacana ventral view; F, Cyclocephala arhuacana dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100380/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 14C</figureCitation>
), lacking setae at center (dorsal view,
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FDC309A1A2BDD9D3" box="[559,663,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1808,1832]" captionTargetBox="[161,1429,196,1774]" captionTargetId="figure-15@25.[151,1436,181,1785]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 14A–F. Adult epipharynxes. A, Cyclocephala fasciolata ventral view; B, Cyclocephala fasciolata dorsal view; C, Cyclocephala ligyrina ventral view; D, Cyclocephala ligyrina dorsal view; E, Cyclocephala arhuacana ventral view; F, Cyclocephala arhuacana dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100380/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 14D</figureCitation>
). Interocular width equals 3.0–3.3 transverse eye diameters. Antenna with 10 antennomeres, club subequal in length to antennomeres 2–7.
<emphasis id="B94E4074B606C352FC7D09CDA439D9F7" bold="true" box="[913,1043,1483,1509]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Pronotum:</emphasis>
Surface with punctures as on frons. Base lacking marginal bead.
<emphasis id="B94E4074B606C352FE3A09E9A201DA1B" bold="true" box="[470,555,1519,1545]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Elytra:</emphasis>
Surface with distinct rows of punctures, punctures (and those in intervals) ocellate, moderate to moderately large, moderately dense.
<emphasis id="B94E4074B606C352FD140A14A35FDA3E" bold="true" box="[760,885,1554,1580]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Pygidium:</emphasis>
Surface with punctures moderately dense (rarely sparse), moderate in size, most with a minute, tawny seta in unworn specimens. In lateral view, surface regularly convex (
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FF140A5DA14BDA67" box="[248,353,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[152,1423,181,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-15@35.[151,1436,181,1816]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 24A–H. Pygidia (dorsal view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala rogerpauli; D, Cyclocephala brevipennis; E, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype); F, Cyclocephala dalensi; G, Cyclocephala kaszabi; H, Cyclocephala ligyrina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100402/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 24H</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B94E4074B606C352FE990A5DA19CDA67" bold="true" box="[373,438,1627,1653]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Legs:</emphasis>
Protibia tridentate, with small basal tooth directed “forward” and slightly removed from others (
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FF070A79A160DA8B" box="[235,330,1663,1689]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1846,1870]" captionTargetBox="[161,1428,191,1813]" captionTargetId="figure-15@29.[151,1436,181,1822]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 18A–M. Protibiae (dorsal view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti (male); B, Cyclocephala proxima (male); C, Cyclocephala proxima (female); D, Cyclocephala brevipennis (male); E, Cyclocephala brevipennis (female); F, Cyclocephala fasciolata; G, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype); H, Cyclocephala dalensi; I, Cyclocephala kaszabi; J, Cyclocephala ligyrina; K, Cyclocephala rufa; L, Cyclocephala arhuacana (holotype); M, Cyclocephala arhuacana (allotype). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100388" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100388/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 18J</figureCitation>
). Protarsus enlarged, tarsomeres 2–4 successively gradually larger; tarsomere 5 large, only weakly curved, with large basal tooth (
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FE180AA5A277DAAF" box="[500,605,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[178,1404,181,1911]" captionTargetId="figure-29@28.[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 17A–J. Protarsomere 5 (caudal view). A, Cyclcephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala brevipennis; D, Cyclocephala fasciolata; E, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype); F, Cyclocephala dalensi; G, Cyclocephala kaszabi; H, Cyclocephala ligyrina; I, Cyclocephala rufa; J, Cyclocephala arhuacana (holotype). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100386/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 17H</figureCitation>
); median claw large, strongly curved (
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FBE10AA5A45CDAAC" box="[1037,1142,1699,1726]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1676,1700]" captionTargetBox="[167,1426,192,1639]" captionTargetId="figure-15@27.[151,1436,181,1652]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 16A–J. Adult male large claw (lateral view). A, Cyclcephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala brevipennis; D, Cyclocephala fasciolata; E, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype); F, Cyclocephala dalensi; G, Cyclocephala kaszabi; H, Cyclocephala ligyrina; I, Cyclocephala rufa; J, Cyclocephala arhuacana (holotype). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100384/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 16H</figureCitation>
), broadly split into a wide ramus and a slender ramus (
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FE270AC1A218DAF3" box="[459,562,1734,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[219,1372,189,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-29@26.[206,1381,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 15A–J. Adult male large claw (caudal view). A, Cyclcephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala brevipennis; D, Cyclocephala fasciolata; E, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype); F, Cyclocephala dalensi; G, Cyclocephala kaszabi; H, Cyclocephala ligyrina; I, Cyclocephala rufa; J, Cyclocephala arhuacana (holotype). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100382/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 15H</figureCitation>
); metatibia on external face with 2 rows of setae, the second row does not cross external face of metatibia (
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FE270AEDA21ADB17" box="[459,560,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[182,1400,188,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-29@30.[175,1411,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 19A–H. Metatibiae (dorsal view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C. Cyclocephala rogerpauli; D, Cyclocephala dalensi; E, Cyclocephala kaszabi; F, Cyclocephala ligyrina; G, Cyclocephala rufa; H, Cyclocephala arhuacana. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100392/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 19F</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B94E4074B606C352FDAA0AEDA2B5DB17" bold="true" box="[582,671,1771,1797]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Venter:</emphasis>
Prosternal process long, stout, with apex obliquely flattened into a wide, transverse oval with anterior 4/5 raised as convex “button”.
<emphasis id="B94E4074B606C352FC9F0B08A3C1DB3A" bold="true" box="[883,1003,1806,1832]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Genitalia:</emphasis>
Shape of parameres varies, even in the same population (
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FEB30B35A1C0DB5F" box="[351,490,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="42.[151,250,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[206,1390,193,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-29@42.[192,1396,181,1878]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 28A–H. Parameres and phallobases, Cyclocephala ligyrina species group. A, Cyclocephala ligyrina parameres, caudal view; B, Cyclocephala ligyrina phallobase, lateral view; C, Cyclocephala ligyrina parameres, caudal view; D, Cyclocephala ligyrina phallobase, lateral view; E, Cyclocephala ligyrina parameres, caudal view; F, Cyclocephala ligyrina phallobase, lateral view; G, Cyclocephala ligyrina parameres, caudal view; H. Cyclocephala ligyrina phallobase, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100411" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100411/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 28A–H</figureCitation>
). Internal sac as in
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FD2D0B35A30CDB5F" box="[705,806,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[375,1220,190,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-15@45.[360,1227,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 31A–D. Internal sacs. A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala ligyrina; D, Cyclocephala arhuacana. Copulatory lamella (LC) and raspula (RA)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100417" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100417/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 31C</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B859C66B606C351FF2B0B51A51ADCEB" blockId="37.[151,1437,1050,2013]" lastBlockId="38.[151,1437,151,1473]" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B94E4074B606C352FF2B0B51A134DB63" bold="true" box="[199,286,1879,1905]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Female</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="130180E3B606C352FEC10B51A1AEDB63" box="[301,388,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[256,1331,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-15@15.[256,1331,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 4A–D. Cyclocephala ligyrina species group. A, Cyclocephala ligyrina male; B, Cyclocephala ligyrina female; C, Cyclocephala arhuacana male (holotype); D, Cyclocephala arhuacana female (allotype). Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100354" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100354/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
). Length 23.1–
<quantity id="4CC23183B606C352FDC70B50A2B8DB63" box="[555,658,1878,1905]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="20.5">20.5 mm</quantity>
; width 10.5–
<quantity id="4CC23183B606C352FCCE0B50A353DB63" box="[802,889,1878,1905]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="9.1">9.1 mm</quantity>
. Similar to male, but surface of frons and clypeus with punctation denser. Punctures on pronotum and elytra coarser and denser than in males. Punctate rows on elytra weakly furrowed. Abdominal ventrite VIII entire. Epipleuron (ventral view) gradually tapering and then abruptly narrowing at sternite 3; in dorsal view, epipleuron gradually expands to level of third sternite, tooth on ventral surface absent in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="130180E3B605C351FE020C91A278DCA3" box="[494,594,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[196,1389,161,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-15@31.[185,1402,151,1890]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 20A–G. Female epipleura (ventral view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala rogerpauli; D, Cyclocephala brevipennis; E, Cyclocephala kaszabi; F, Cyclocephala ligyrina; G, Cyclocephala arhuacana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100394/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 20F</figureCitation>
). Pygidium, in lateral view, weakly convex to nearly flat dorsally. Protibial basal tooth distinct, larger, subequally spaced from other teeth. Protarsus simple. Length of metatarsus shorter than metatibia. Gonocoxite larger than gonocoxal sternite, gonocoxite without a membranous area (Fig. 32H).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C320CFEDB605C351FF2B0D04A416D9D3" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B859C66B605C351FF2B0D04A0CADD77" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B94E4074B605C351FF2B0D04A173DD0E" bold="true" box="[199,345,258,284]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Distribution</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B605C351FE860D05A24DDD0F" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1888" box="[362,615,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ligyrina">
<emphasis id="B94E4074B605C351FE860D05A24DDD0F" box="[362,615,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Cyclocephala ligyrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from
<collectingCountry id="F32DDCF6B605C351FCCF0D05A3B5DD0F" box="[803,927,259,285]" name="Guatemala" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32DDCF6B605C351FC410D05A437DD0F" box="[941,1053,259,285]" name="Honduras" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Honduras</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32DDCF6B605C351FBC70D05A48BDD0F" box="[1067,1185,259,285]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32DDCF6B605C351FB430D05A504DD0F" box="[1199,1326,259,285]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32DDCF6B605C351FAD10D05A5B3DD0F" box="[1341,1433,259,285]" name="Panama" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Panama</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32DDCF6B605C351FF7B0D21A122DD53" box="[151,264,295,321]" name="Colombia" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Colombia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32DDCF6B605C351FEF90D21A15EDD53" box="[277,372,295,321]" name="Ecuador" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32DDCF6B605C351FE6C0D21A1EDDD53" box="[384,455,295,321]" name="Brazil" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="F32DDCF6B605C351FDEF0D21A21CDD53" box="[515,566,295,321]" name="Peru" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Peru</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B605C351FDAA0D21A2CFDD53" author="Endrodi, S." box="[582,741,294,321]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref23141" refString="Endrodi, S. (1985) The Dynastinae of the World. Dr. W. Junk, Dordrecht, 800 pp." type="book" year="1985">Endrödi 1985</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B605C351FD1E0D21A3BCDD53" author="Ratcliffe, B. C." box="[754,918,295,321]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 506" refId="ref24089" refString="Ratcliffe, B. C. (2003) The dynastine scarab beetles of Costa Rica and Panama (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum, 16, 1 - 506." type="journal article" year="2003">Ratcliffe 2003</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B605C351FC4F0D21A48DDD53" author="Ratcliffe, B. C. &amp; Cave, R. D." box="[931,1191,295,321]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 424" refId="ref24202" refString="Ratcliffe, B. C. &amp; Cave, R. D. (2006) The dynastine scarab beetles of Honduras, Nicaragua, and El Salvador. Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum, 21, 1 - 424." type="journal article" year="2006">Ratcliffe &amp; Cave 2006</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B605C351FB5F0D21A5B2DD53" author="Ratcliffe, B. C. &amp; Cave, R. D. &amp; Cano, E. B." box="[1203,1432,295,321]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 666" refId="ref24246" refString="Ratcliffe, B. C., Cave, R. D. &amp; Cano, E. B. (2013) The dynastine scarab beetles of Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum, 27, 1 - 666." type="journal article" year="2013">
Ratcliffe
<emphasis id="B94E4074B605C351FAF00D21A565DD53" box="[1308,1359,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B605C351FF7B0D4DA0FEDD77" author="Ratcliffe, B. C. &amp; Cave, R. D. &amp; Paucar-Cabrera, A." box="[151,212,331,357]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 565" refId="ref24303" refString="Ratcliffe, B. C., Cave, R. D. &amp; Paucar-Cabrera, A. (2020) The dynastine scarab beetles of Ecuador (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum, 32, 1 - 565." type="journal article" year="2020">2020</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B859C66B605C351FF2B0D68A4E1DDBF" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B94E4074B605C351FF2B0D68A17EDD9A" bold="true" box="[199,340,366,392]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Life history</emphasis>
. Adults are attracted to lights. A few specimens have been taken from inflorescences of
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B605C351FAA60D69A0C8DDBF" authorityName="Poeppig" authorityYear="1845" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Rhodospatha" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94E4074B605C351FAA60D69A0C8DDBF" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Rhodospatha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B605C351FF1C0D95A230DDBF" box="[240,538,403,429]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Dieffenbachia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longispatha">
<emphasis id="B94E4074B605C351FF1C0D95A230DDBF" box="[240,538,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Dieffenbachia longispatha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B605C351FDC40D95A34FDDBC" authority="(Young 1986)" baseAuthorityName="Young" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[552,869,403,430]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Philodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94E4074B605C351FDC40D95A2EBDDBF" box="[552,705,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Philodendron</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B605C351FD230D95A377DDBC" author="Young, H. J." box="[719,861,403,430]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="931 - 944" refId="ref24596" refString="Young, H. J. (1986) Beetle pollination of Dieffenbachia longispatha (Araceae). American Journal of Botany, 73, 931 - 944. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / j. 1537 - 2197.1986. tb 12133. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Young 1986</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B605C351FC4C0D95A406DDBF" box="[928,1068,403,429]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Xanthosoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94E4074B605C351FC4C0D95A406DDBF" box="[928,1068,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Xanthosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(all
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B605C351FBB20D95A495DDBF" box="[1118,1215,403,429]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Araceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B859C66B605C351FF2B0DB0A416D9D3" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B94E4074B605C351FF2B0DB0A1A0DDC3" bold="true" box="[199,394,438,465]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Locality records</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="130180E3B605C351FE740DB1A1C6DDC3" box="[408,492,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 40" captionStartId="54.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[192,1395,189,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-29@54.[179,1408,181,1904]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURE 40. Distribution of the Cyclocephala ligyrina species group in Colombia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100432" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100432/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
).
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB605C351FE120DB1A2BCDDC3" box="[510,662,439,465]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="generic">16 specimens</specimenCount>
examined from IAvH-E: “Colombia, Chocó, Quibdó / Corregimiento de Tutunendó, Punto / Cara de Perro, Haciendo Buenos / Aires-Tella., Bp-T, Bosque / entresacado,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EFAA1B605C351FB1F0DDCA5B2DDE7" box="[1267,1432,474,501]" degrees="05" direction="north" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="1" seconds="06.4" value="5.7517776">05º45´06.4´´N</geoCoordinate>
; 76º26´/ 59.21´´W. WGS
<quantity id="4CC23183B605C351FE580DF9A20DDE0B" box="[436,551,511,537]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4347" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="84347.0">84, 347 m</quantity>
, Trampa de / Luz UV,
<date id="FF84BAA6B605C351FCC20DF9A395DE0B" box="[814,959,511,537]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2019-01-16" valueMax="2019-01-26" valueMin="2019-01-16">16-26.i.2019</date>
, J. C. Neita” [
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB605C351FB8F0DF9A4ADDE0B" box="[1123,1159,511,537]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
IAvH-E-216374; IAvH- E-216375]. “Colombia, Chocó, Quibdó, Corrg. / Tutunendo, Vda. Cara de Perro, / Camino a Cacerío, Comunidad Indigena de / Playa Alta Bp-T, Bosque / Entresacado 05º45´76.09´´N; 76º / 26´16.8´´W. WGS
<quantity id="4CC23183B605C351FB560E41A506DE73" box="[1210,1324,583,609]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.434" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="84340.0">
84,
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB605C351FB0E0E41A506DE73" box="[1250,1324,583,609]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="generic">340 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Trampa / de luz UV,
<date id="FF84BAA6B605C351FEF50E6CA191DE97" box="[281,443,618,645]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2010-03-01" valueMax="2010-03-15" valueMin="2010-03-01">01-15.iii.2010</date>
. J. C. Neita” [
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB605C351FDB30E6DA259DE97" box="[607,627,619,645]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
IAvH-E-2169376]. “Colombia, Chocó, Quibdó, / Tutunendó,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EFAA1B605C351FADA0E6CA0EBDEBB" degrees="05" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="15" seconds="42" value="5.695">05º41´42 ´´N</geoCoordinate>
; /
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EFAA1B605C351FF320E89A153DEBB" box="[222,377,655,681]" degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="15" seconds="40" value="-76.66111">76º39´40 ´´W</geoCoordinate>
. WGS84, 45 m alt.
<date id="FF84BAA6B605C351FDB60E89A330DEBB" box="[602,794,655,681]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2007-01-28" valueMax="2007-01-12" valueMin="2007-01-28">28-12 / ene 2007</date>
J. C. Neita &amp; D. Barahona. / En Trampa de Luz Negra / Rastrojo Alto” [
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB605C351FEBD0EB5A14FDEDF" box="[337,357,691,717]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
IAvH-E-2169377;
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB605C351FDA90EB4A272DEDF" box="[581,600,690,717]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
IAvH-E-215699]. “Colombia, Chocó, Quibdó / Corregimiento de Tutun- endó / Vereda Cara de Perro /
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EFAA1B605C351FE190ED0A2A6DEE3" box="[501,652,726,753]" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="1" seconds="07.9" value="5.7521944">5º45´07.9´´N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EFAA1B605C351FD750ED0A368DEE3" box="[665,834,726,753]" degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="1" seconds="16.8" value="-76.75467">76º45´16.8´´W</geoCoordinate>
. /
<quantity id="4CC23183B605C351FCB30ED1A382DEE3" box="[863,936,727,753]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="340.0">340 m</quantity>
alt.
<date id="FF84BAA6B605C351FC310ED1A47DDEE3" box="[989,1111,727,753]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2009-11">Nov. 2009</date>
. J. C. Neita Leg.” [
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB605C351FAD40ED1A566DEE3" box="[1336,1356,727,753]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
IAvH- E-2169378]. “Colombia, Chocó, Quibdó / Corregimiento de Tutunendó / Vereda Cara de Perro /
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EFAA1B605C351FAED0EFCA5BDDF07" box="[1281,1431,762,789]" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="1" seconds="07.9" value="5.7521944">5º45´07.9´´N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EFAA1B605C351FF7B0F18A16ADF2B" box="[151,320,798,825]" degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="1" seconds="16.8" value="-76.75467">76º45´16.8´´W</geoCoordinate>
. /
<quantity id="4CC23183B605C351FEB50F19A18ADF2B" box="[345,416,799,825]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="340.0">340 m</quantity>
alt. Febr. 2010. J. C. Neita Leg.” [
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB605C351FCCE0F19A31CDF2B" box="[802,822,799,825]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
IAvH-E-2169379]. “Colombia, Cauca / PNN Gorgona Alto el Mirador /
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EFAA1B605C351FE8C0F44A19EDF4F" box="[352,436,834,861]" degrees="2" direction="north" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="925" value="2.9666667">2º58´N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EFAA1B605C351FE2C0F45A20EDF4F" box="[448,548,835,861]" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="925" value="-78.183334">78º11´W</geoCoordinate>
.
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB605C351FDDC0F45A255DF4F" box="[560,639,835,861]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="generic">
<quantity id="4CC23183B605C351FDDC0F45A251DF4F" box="[560,635,835,861]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="180.0">180 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
/
<date id="FF84BAA6B605C351FD7A0F45A2D1DF4F" box="[662,763,835,861]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2000-06-09">9/6/2000</date>
-
<date id="FF84BAA6B605C351FCEF0F45A352DF4F" box="[771,888,835,861]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2000-09-20">9/20/2000</date>
. M902 / Malaise H. Torres //
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B605C351FB2B0F45A26CDF93" authority="Bates, Det. B. C. Ratcliffe, 2006" authorityName="Bates, Det. B. C. Ratcliffe" authorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ligyrina">
<emphasis id="B94E4074B605C351FB2B0F45A0ECDF92" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Cyclocephala ligyrina</emphasis>
Bates, Det. B. C.
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B605C351FE750F61A26CDF93" author="Ratcliffe, B. C. &amp; Cave, R. D." box="[409,582,871,897]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 424" refId="ref24202" refString="Ratcliffe, B. C. &amp; Cave, R. D. (2006) The dynastine scarab beetles of Honduras, Nicaragua, and El Salvador. Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum, 21, 1 - 424." type="journal article" year="2006">Ratcliffe, 2006</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
” [
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB605C351FD8E0F61A25CDF93" box="[610,630,871,897]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
IAvH-14939]. “
<collectingCountry id="F32DDCF6B605C351FCC20F61A3E3DF93" box="[814,969,871,897]" name="Colombia" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
, V. del
<collectingRegion id="49FE5284B605C351FBCD0F61A44DDF93" box="[1057,1127,871,897]" country="Colombia" name="Cauca" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Cauca</collectingRegion>
/ B/ventura; Anchicayá; S. Municipal /
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EFAA1B605C351FEF20F8DA19FDFB7" box="[286,437,907,933]" degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="1" seconds="3.11" value="3.5508637">3º33´3.11´´N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EFAA1B605C351FE530F8CA243DFB7" box="[447,617,906,933]" degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="1" seconds="24.2" value="-76.89005">76º53´24.2´´W</geoCoordinate>
. / 694 msnm.
<date id="FF84BAA6B605C351FCEE0F8DA395DFB7" box="[770,959,907,933]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2013-02-19">19-Febrero-2013</date>
/ Trampa de Luz / Col. Ranulfo González” [
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB605C351FF720FA8A086DFDB" box="[158,172,942,969]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
-Univalle-27295]. “Colombia,
<collectingRegion id="49FE5284B605C351FDFF0FA9A2E2DFDB" box="[531,712,943,969]" country="Colombia" name="Valle del Cauca" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Valle del Cauca</collectingRegion>
/ Buenaventura, Corregimiento Bajo / Calima, Centro Forestal Tropical de / La Universidad del
<collectingRegion id="49FE5284B605C351FDFD0FD5A249DFFF" box="[529,611,979,1005]" country="Colombia" name="Tolima" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Tolima</collectingRegion>
, Sendero / al Lado derecho del Campamento, Bosque Húmedo Tropical, 3º / 57´19.400´´N;
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EFAA1B605C351FE9D0FF0A20DD803" box="[369,551,1014,1041]" degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="1" seconds="38.60" value="-76.99405">76º59’38.60´´W</geoCoordinate>
, WGS84, /
<quantity id="4CC23183B605C351FD420FF1A2C0D803" box="[686,746,1015,1041]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="70.0">70 m</quantity>
, manual en
<emphasis id="B94E4074B605C351FC9A0FF1A420D803" box="[886,1034,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Rhodosphata</emphasis>
sp.
<date id="FF84BAA6B605C351FBD70FF1A485D803" box="[1083,1199,1015,1041]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2017-02-18">18.ii.2017</date>
. A. Zuluaga, A. Mu- ñoz.” [
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB605C351FF0C081DA0D9D827" box="[224,243,1051,1077]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
IAvH-E-216380;
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB605C351FE50081DA1FBD827" box="[444,465,1051,1077]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
IAvH-E-215698]. “Colombia, Chocó, Quibdó, Corrg. / Tutunendó, Vda. Cara de Perro / Camino a cacerio com. indg. De / Playa Alta., Bp-T, Bosque / Entresacado,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EFAA1B605C351FBF90838A4E2D84B" box="[1045,1224,1086,1113]" degrees="05" direction="north" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="1" seconds="06.04" value="5.751678">05º45´06.04´´N</geoCoordinate>
; 76º / 26´14.2´´W. WGS
<quantity id="4CC23183B605C351FF340865A166D86F" box="[216,332,1123,1149]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4347" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="84347.0">
84,
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB605C351FEEC0865A166D86F" box="[256,332,1123,1149]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="generic">347 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Trampa / de Luz UV,
<date id="FF84BAA6B605C351FDA30864A2C5D86F" box="[591,751,1122,1149]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2009-11-01" valueMax="2009-11-15" valueMin="2009-11-01">01-15.xi.2009</date>
. J. C. Neita” [
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB605C351FC7C0865A38DD86F" box="[912,935,1123,1149]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
IAvH-E-216383]. “Colombia,
<collectingRegion id="49FE5284B605C351FAEA0865A566D86F" box="[1286,1356,1123,1149]" country="Colombia" name="Cauca" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Cauca</collectingRegion>
PNN / Isla Gorgona Alto el Mirador /
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB605C351FE1E0881A215D8B3" box="[498,575,1159,1185]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="generic">
<quantity id="4CC23183B605C351FE1E0881A211D8B3" box="[498,571,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="180.0">180 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EFAA1B605C351FDAA0880A2B0D8B3" box="[582,666,1158,1185]" degrees="2" direction="north" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="925" value="2.9666667">2º58´N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EFAA1B605C351FD490881A322D8B3" box="[677,776,1159,1185]" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="925" value="-78.183334">78º11´W</geoCoordinate>
. / Malaise
<date id="FF84BAA6B605C351FC6D0881A44ED8B3" box="[897,1124,1159,1185]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2001-02-20" valueMax="2001-03-06" valueMin="2001-02-20">20-Feb-6-Mar-2001</date>
. / H. Torres //
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B605C351FAEE0881A1AAD8D7" authority="Bates, 1888" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ligyrina">
<emphasis id="B94E4074B605C351FAEE0881A0DAD8D7" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Cyclocephala ligyrina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B605C351FF1408ADA1AAD8D7" author="Bates, H. W." box="[248,384,1195,1221]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="296 - 342" refId="ref22786" refString="Bates, H. W. (1888) Pectinicornia and Lamellicornia, family Dynastidae. In: Salvin, O. &amp; Godman, F. D. (editors) Biologia Centrali - Americana. Insecta, Coleoptera. Vol. 2. Part 2. R. H. Porter, London, pp. 296 - 342." type="book chapter" year="1888">Bates, 1888</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Det. J.C. Neita, 2007” [
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IAvH-E-101057]. “Colombia, Chocó, Quibdó, / Corregimiento de Pacurita, / Cacerio, Bp-T. Bosque / Entresacado,
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; 76º35´/ 45.40´´W.WGS84, 35 m, Trampa de / Luz UV,
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, J. C. Neita, D. Zuñiga” [
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IAvH-E-216381]. “Colombia, Chocó, Quibdó, Corrg. / Tutunendó, Vda. Cara de Perro / Camino a caserío com. indg. De / Playa Alta, Bp-T, Bosque / Entresacado,
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; 76º / 26´14.2´´W. WGS
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84,
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</quantity>
. Trampa / de Luz UV,
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. J. C. Neita” [
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB605C351FBC2093DA46FD947" box="[1070,1093,1339,1365]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
IAvH-E-216382]. “Colombia,
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, Tambo, PNN / Munchique Zona de / amortiguamiento, camino entre el / alto la paz a López de Micay, / Sector de la Peña a la quebrada / Agua Clara Corregimiento La / Gallera, Bosque húmedo Tropical /
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;
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. WGS84, 900-
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. Manual en
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B605C351FD0D09A1A36AD9D3" box="[737,832,1447,1473]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Araceae</taxonomicName>
” [
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB605C351FCB409A1A345D9D3" box="[856,879,1447,1473]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
IAvH-E-215696].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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