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<document id="D8B270CD461A301277CB57B7218C9A55" ID-DOI="10.5252/g2012n3a7" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5378120" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630284107944" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Mohamed Abdelhamid, Marouf Abdel-Aty &amp; Moustafa Azab, Mahmoud" docDate="2012" docId="03B78039FFAFA71AFF3CFDDCC25602A5" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.2012.34.3.575-615.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 34 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2012n3a7" docStyle="DocumentStyle:DF8BFA78045876A77BB343B212438C9A.3:Geodiversitas.2011-2012.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="DF8BFA78045876A77BB343B212438C9A" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2011-2012.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Phymosoma beadnelli" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="586" masterDocId="FF8EF841FFA4A711FF96FFAFC105036A" masterDocTitle="Turonian-Santonian echinoids from Egypt" masterLastPageNumber="615" masterPageNumber="575" pageNumber="586" updateTime="1699213872600" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
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<mods:title id="B206C4C93D1E934327A4505EBF9E3456">Turonian-Santonian echinoids from Egypt</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C6896C774B1B2DC3FBA5D46149FD7042">Mohamed Abdelhamid, Marouf Abdel-Aty</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7F009A2F5D78FAE95E0A64C1A6B9A55A">Moustafa Azab, Mahmoud</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03B78039FFAFA71AFF3CFDDCC25602A5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5465323" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5465323" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B78039FFAFA71AFF3CFDDCC25602A5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B78039FFAFA71AFF3CFDDCC25602A5" lastPageNumber="586" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">
<subSubSection id="C30462A4FFAFA71AFF3CFDDCC0D101C4" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA1312FFFAFA71AFF3CFDDCC0D101C4" blockId="11.[170,589,627,686]" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">
<heading id="D0E98643FFAFA71AFF3CFDDCC0D101C4" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4AACFFAFA71AFF3CFDDCC34801E5" authority="(Gregory, 1906)" baseAuthorityName="Gregory" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[170,589,627,655]" class="Echinoidea" family="Phymosomatidae" genus="Phymosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phymosomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="beadnelli">
<emphasis id="B96AED3DFFAFA71AFF3CFDDCC09301E4" bold="true" box="[170,406,627,654]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">Phymosoma beadnelli</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4CDEFFAFA71AFE32FDDBC34001E5" author="GREGORY J. W." box="[420,581,628,655]" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" pagination="246 - 255" refId="ref18887" refString="GREGORY J. W. 1906. - Fossil Echinoidea from Sinai and Egypt. Geological Magazine 5 (3): 216 - 227, 246 - 255." type="journal article" year="1906">Gregory, 1906</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13252DAAFFAFA71AFEBDFD3CC07C01C4" box="[299,377,659,686]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[113,124,1498,1515]" captionText="FIG. 5. — A, Desoricidaris aegyptica (Fourtau,1914),Abu Roash,Coniacian-Santonian,Ostrea and Plicatula unit,REH4,interambulacral plates; B, C, Desoricidaris crameri (de Loriol, 1887),Abu Roash,Coniacian-Santonian,Ostrea and Plicatula unit,REH4,a spine and test fragment; D, Cidaris schweinfurthi (Gauthier,1901), Abu Roash,Coniacian-Santonian,Ostrea and Plicatula unit,REH5,interambulacral plates; E, Orthopsis miliaris (d’Archiac,1835),Abu Roash,Coniacian-Santonian,Ostrea and Plicatula unit,REH4,side view;F, Orthopsis ovata (Coquand,1862),Wadi Abu Qaada,Turonian,Wata Formation,QEH1,side view;G, H, Phymosoma abbatei (Gauthier,1898),Abu Roash, Turonian, rudist unit, REH1, adapical and side views; I, Phymosoma baylei (Cotteau, 1864), Wadi Abu Qaada, Turonian, Wata Formation, QEH1, side view; J, Phymosoma beadnelli (Gregory, 1906), Abu Roash, Coniacian-Santonian, Ostrea and Plicatula unit, REH4, ambulacral and interambulacral fragment;K, Phymosoma major (Coquand,1862),Wadi Abu Qaada,Turonian,Wata Formation, QEH1, side view. Scale bars: A, D, E, 2.5 mm; B, C, G, H, 3.3 mm; F, 6.7 mm; I, K, 5 mm; J, 4 mm." pageId="11" pageNumber="586">Figs 5J</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="13252DAAFFAFA71AFE13FD3CC0CE01C4" box="[389,459,659,686]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[113,124,1544,1561]" captionTargetBox="[190,1150,216,1478]" captionTargetId="figure-17@12.[166,1157,203,1488]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 7. — Camera lucida drawings: A, B, plating, tuberculation and poring in Phymosoma baylei (Cotteau, 1864) from the Turonian of Wadi Abu Qaada; A, ambital ambulacral plates; B, ambital interambulacral plate; C, D, plating, tuberculation and poring in Phymosoma beadnelli (Gregory, 1906) from the Coniacian-Santonian of Abu Roash; C, adapical ambulacral plates; D, ambital interambulacral plates; E, F, plating, tuberculation and poring in Phymosoma thevestense (Péron &amp; Gauthier, 1879) from the Coniacian-Santonian of Abu Roash; E, ambital interambulacral plates; F, subambital ambulacral plates; G, plating and tuberculation of ambital interambulacral plates in Rachiosoma irregulare Fourtau, 1921 from the Turonian of Wadi Abu Qaada. Scale bars: A, 0.8 mm; B, 0.9 mm; C, D, 1 mm; E, F, 0.5 mm; G, 0.7 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5378126" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5378126/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">7C, D</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30462A4FFAFA71AFFE7FD63C312002E" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA1312FFFAFA71AFFE7FD63C380018E" blockId="11.[113,645,716,740]" box="[113,645,716,740]" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0E1601FFAFA71AFFE7FD63C380018E" box="[113,645,716,740]" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABF173EFFAFA71AFFE7FD63C0F4018E" author="GREGORY J. W." box="[113,497,716,740]" page="221" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" year="1906">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4AACFFAFA71AFFE7FD63C0F4018E" authority="Gregory, 1906: 221" authorityName="Gregory" authorityPageNumber="221" authorityYear="1906" box="[113,497,716,740]" class="Echinoidea" family="Phymosomatidae" genus="Cyphosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phymosomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="beadnelli">
<emphasis id="B96AED3DFFAFA71AFFE7FD63C034018E" box="[113,305,716,740]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">Cyphosoma beadnelli</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4CDEFFAFA71AFEA3FD63C0F4018E" author="GREGORY J. W." box="[309,497,716,740]" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" pagination="246 - 255" refId="ref18887" refString="GREGORY J. W. 1906. - Fossil Echinoidea from Sinai and Egypt. Geological Magazine 5 (3): 216 - 227, 246 - 255." type="journal article" year="1906">Gregory, 1906: 221</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 10, figs 6-8.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1312FFFAFA71AFFE7FD53C382007E" blockId="11.[113,647,764,788]" box="[113,647,764,788]" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0E1601FFAFA71AFFE7FD53C382007E" box="[113,647,764,788]" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4AACFFAFA71AFFE7FD53C026007E" authorityName="Gauthier" authorityYear="1899" box="[113,291,764,788]" class="Echinoidea" family="Phymosomatidae" genus="Cyphosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phymosomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="abbatei">
<emphasis id="B96AED3DFFAFA71AFFE7FD53C026007E" box="[113,291,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">Cyphosoma abbatei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mutatio
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4AACFFAFA71AFEE0FD53C0CD007E" authorityName="Gregory" authorityYear="1906" box="[374,456,764,788]" class="Echinoidea" family="Phymosomatidae" genus="Cyphosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phymosomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="beadnelli">
<emphasis id="B96AED3DFFAFA71AFEE0FD53C0CD007E" box="[374,456,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">beadnelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="0ABF173EFFAFA71AFE4AFD53C387007E" author="FOURTAU R." box="[476,642,764,788]" page="29" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4CDEFFAFA71AFE4AFD53C387007E" author="FOURTAU R." box="[476,642,764,788]" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" refId="ref18733" refString="FOURTAU R. 1914. - Catalogue des invertebres fossiles de l'Egypte. Terrains Cretaces, 1, Echinodermes. Geological Survey of Egypt, Paleontological Serie s 2, 109 p." type="book" year="1914">Fourtau 1914: 29</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1312FFFAFA71AFFE7FC83C312002E" blockId="11.[113,535,811,836]" box="[113,535,811,836]" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0E1601FFAFA71AFFE7FC83C312002E" box="[113,535,811,836]" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4AACFFAFA71AFFE7FC83C03E002E" baseAuthorityName="Gregory" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[113,315,812,836]" class="Echinoidea" family="Phymosomatidae" genus="Phymosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phymosomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="beadnelli">
<emphasis id="B96AED3DFFAFA71AFFE7FC83C03E002E" box="[113,315,812,836]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">Phymosoma beadnelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="0ABF173EFFAFA71AFECDFC83C316002E" author="DEVRIES A." box="[347,531,811,836]" page="133" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" year="1960">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4CDEFFAFA71AFECDFC83C316002E" author="DEVRIES A." box="[347,531,811,836]" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" pagination="1 - 276" refId="ref18298" refString="DEVRIES A. 1960. - Contribution a l'etude de quelques groupes d'echinides fossiles d'Algerie. Publication du Service de la Carte geologique d'Algerie (nouvelle Serie) 3: 1 - 276." type="journal article" year="1960">Devriès 1960: 133</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30462A4FFAFA71AFFE7FCF3C0FC00A9" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA1312FFFAFA71AFFE7FCF3C0FC00A9" blockId="11.[112,647,859,963]" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Many deformed tests and numerous test fragments from the Coniacian-Santonian of Abu Roash (Ostrea and Plicatula unit), ASUARE41-43, Abu Roash echinoid horizon 4 (
<collectionCode id="ED0FA9EAFFAFA71AFE3EFC04C0E500A9" box="[424,480,939,963]" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">REH</collectionCode>
4).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30462A4FFAFA71AFFE7FC5FC009064D" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA1312FFFAFA71AFFE7FC5FC0070762" blockId="11.[112,647,1008,1319]" box="[113,258,1008,1034]" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1312FFFAFA71AFFE7FBBFC009064D" blockId="11.[112,647,1008,1319]" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">Test with medium to large size. Ambulacral area wide (Wa/Wi = 0.79). Poriferous zone shows conspicuous biserial arrangement from the ambitus to the apex, wide near the apex where the two poriferous zones constitute 64% of ambulacrum width. At the ambitus and adoral surface, ambulacral primary tubercles are confluent and as large as interambulacral tubercles but decrease in size near the apex.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30462A4FFAFA71AFFE4FAE2C25602A5" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA1312FFFAFA71AFFE4FAE2C1D0060F" blockId="11.[112,647,1357,1700]" box="[114,213,1357,1383]" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">REMARKS</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1312FFFAFA71AFFE7FAC3C25602A5" blockId="11.[112,647,1357,1700]" lastBlockId="11.[675,1211,216,463]" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">
The present species is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4AACFFAFA71AFD89FAC2C38306EC" authorityName="Gauthier" authorityYear="1899" box="[543,646,1388,1415]" class="Echinoidea" family="Phymosomatidae" genus="Cyphosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phymosomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="abbatei">
<emphasis id="B96AED3DFFAFA71AFD89FAC2C32B06EC" box="[543,558,1389,1414]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B96AED3DFFAFA71AFDADFAC3C38306EC" box="[571,646,1388,1414]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">abbatei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having confluent ambulacral and interambulacral tubercles, conspicuous biserial arrangement of poriferous zones above ambitus (
<figureCitation id="13252DAAFFAFA71AFE47FA64C34D068C" box="[465,584,1483,1510]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[113,124,1544,1561]" captionTargetBox="[190,1150,216,1478]" captionTargetId="figure-17@12.[166,1157,203,1488]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 7. — Camera lucida drawings: A, B, plating, tuberculation and poring in Phymosoma baylei (Cotteau, 1864) from the Turonian of Wadi Abu Qaada; A, ambital ambulacral plates; B, ambital interambulacral plate; C, D, plating, tuberculation and poring in Phymosoma beadnelli (Gregory, 1906) from the Coniacian-Santonian of Abu Roash; C, adapical ambulacral plates; D, ambital interambulacral plates; E, F, plating, tuberculation and poring in Phymosoma thevestense (Péron &amp; Gauthier, 1879) from the Coniacian-Santonian of Abu Roash; E, ambital interambulacral plates; F, subambital ambulacral plates; G, plating and tuberculation of ambital interambulacral plates in Rachiosoma irregulare Fourtau, 1921 from the Turonian of Wadi Abu Qaada. Scale bars: A, 0.8 mm; B, 0.9 mm; C, D, 1 mm; E, F, 0.5 mm; G, 0.7 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5378126" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5378126/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">Fig. 7C, D</figureCitation>
), and wider ambulacra (Wa/Wi = 0.79 vs 0.62-0.72). It is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4AACFFAFA71AFECFF9A4C36F054F" authority="(Cotteau, 1864)" baseAuthorityName="Cotteau" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[345,618,1546,1573]" class="Echinoidea" family="Phymosomatidae" genus="Phymosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phymosomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="baylei">
<emphasis id="B96AED3DFFAFA71AFECFF9A4C06D054E" box="[345,360,1547,1572]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B96AED3DFFAFA71AFEE0F9A5C0B0054E" box="[374,437,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">baylei</emphasis>
(Cotteau, 1864)
</taxonomicName>
in having wider ambulacra (Wa/Wi = 0.79 vs
<quantity id="4CE69CCAFFAFA71AFDDDF985C1B8050E" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7271999999999998" metricValueMax="1.8542" metricValueMin="1.6002" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" unit="in" value="0.6799999999999999" valueMax="0.73" valueMin="0.63">0.63- 0.73 in</quantity>
the latter species) and confluent ambulacral and interambulacral tubercles.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4CDEFFAFA71AFE42F9C5C38005EE" author="FOURTAU R." box="[468,645,1642,1668]" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" refId="ref18766" refString="FOURTAU R. 1921. - Catalogue des invertebres fossiles de l'Egypte. Terrains Cretaces, 3, Echinodermes (supplement). Geological Survey of Egypt, Paleontological Serie s 5: 101 p." type="book" year="1921">Fourtau (1921)</bibRefCitation>
considered
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4AACFFAFA71AFF78F925C06F05C9" baseAuthorityName="Gregory" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[238,362,1673,1700]" class="Echinoidea" family="Phymosomatidae" genus="Phymosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phymosomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="beadnelli">
<emphasis id="B96AED3DFFAFA71AFF78F925C1F805C9" box="[238,253,1674,1699]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B96AED3DFFAFA71AFE9CF926C06F05C9" box="[266,362,1673,1699]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">beadnelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a mutation from
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4AACFFAFA71AFDD0F925C3DC0398" authorityName="Gauthier" authorityYear="1899" box="[582,729,216,1700]" class="Echinoidea" family="Phymosomatidae" genus="Cyphosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phymosomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="abbatei">
<emphasis id="B96AED3DFFAFA71AFDD0F925C35005C9" box="[582,597,1674,1699]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B96AED3DFFAFA71AFDF4F926C3DC0398" box="[610,729,216,1699]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">abbatei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but it is believed that the above-mentioned differences between the two forms are sufficient to consider them separate species.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4CDEFFAFA71AFB81FEB8C5BE0258" author="DEVRIES A." box="[1047,1211,279,306]" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" pagination="1 - 276" refId="ref18298" refString="DEVRIES A. 1960. - Contribution a l'etude de quelques groupes d'echinides fossiles d'Algerie. Publication du Service de la Carte geologique d'Algerie (nouvelle Serie) 3: 1 - 276." type="journal article" year="1960">Devriès (1960)</bibRefCitation>
pointed out that
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4AACFFAFA71AFCC3FE97C2C8023B" baseAuthorityName="Gregory" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[853,973,311,337]" class="Echinoidea" family="Phymosomatidae" genus="Phymosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phymosomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="beadnelli">
<emphasis id="B96AED3DFFAFA71AFCC3FE97C261023B" box="[853,868,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B96AED3DFFAFA71AFCE6FE98C2C8023B" box="[880,973,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">beadnelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4AACFFAFA71AFBA9FE97C25F021B" authority="(Cotteau, 1864)" baseAuthorityName="Cotteau" baseAuthorityYear="1864" class="Echinoidea" family="Phymosomatidae" genus="Phymosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phymosomatoida" pageId="11" pageNumber="586" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="coquandi">
<emphasis id="B96AED3DFFAFA71AFBA9FE97C54B023B" box="[1087,1102,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B96AED3DFFAFA71AFBCFFE98C5BD023B" box="[1113,1208,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="586">coquandi</emphasis>
(Cotteau, 1864)
</taxonomicName>
but the latter species is distinguished in having wider extrascrobicular surface, nonconfluent areoles and abundant granules on interambulacra.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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