<documentid="7037ED28C561C90D718942F6F8FEF781"ID-CLB-Dataset="298599"ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5458.4.1"ID-GBIF-Dataset="b6da0079-81a1-4765-bc88-7302a3faa11c"ID-ISSN="1175-5326"ID-Zenodo-Dep="11547851"ID-ZooBank="D3F0A8C2-84EC-47F2-85E8-57DB3FA9EB4A"IM.bibliography_approvedBy="jonas"IM.illustrations_approvedBy="jonas"IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="jonas"IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe"IM.tables_approvedBy="jonas"IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="jonas"IM.treatments_approvedBy="jonas"checkinTime="1718021730305"checkinUser="plazi"docAuthor="Hughes, Daniel F., Behangana, Mathias, Lukwago, Wilber, Menegon, Michele, Dehling, J. Maximilian, Wagner, Philipp, Tilbury, Colin R., South, Trisan, Kusamba, Chifundera & Greenbaum, Eli"docDate="2024"docId="433F34411E7AFFE872D065EB0E43FE68"docLanguage="en"docName="zootaxa.5458.4.1.pdf"docOrigin="Zootaxa 5458 (4)"docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5458.4.1"docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article"docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D"docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article"docStyleVersion="9"docTitle="Rhampholeon msitugrabensis Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum 2024, sp. nov."docType="treatment"docUuid="C55B5EC4-4A4B-4D88-B318-0F122C506F33"docUuidSource="ZooBank"docVersion="8"lastPageNumber="481"masterDocId="BF064C391E67FFF77247657C0F6FFF9D"masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of the Rhampholeon boulengeri Complex (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae): Five New Species from Central Africa’s Albertine Rift"masterLastPageNumber="494"masterPageNumber="451"pageNumber="480"updateTime="1732699143327"updateUser="ExternalLinkService"zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:titleid="B988AF9B03778AE877D14B30F946BB64">Taxonomy of the Rhampholeon boulengeri Complex (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae): Five New Species from Central Africa’s Albertine Rift</mods:title>
<mods:affiliationid="3DA676905692AFAA1486C5CF34BCAD7F">Department of Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="4F14697FFEDA22CD73CE6CE3E5D80439">Department of Environment and Social Safeguards, Uganda National Roads Authority UNRA, P. O. Box 28487, Kampala, Uganda.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="7E86198121B9DA41608B0157DC9C7789">Division of Biology & Conservation Ecology, School of Science & the Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK. & PAMS Foundation, P. O. Box 16556, Arusha, Tanzania.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePartid="7E476C792B347051E4117DB70EFEE5D2">Dehling, J. Maximilian</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliationid="24283C1DD9A1A742DBA38C5AC9067655">Institut für Integrierte Naturwissenschaften, Abteilung Biologie, AG Zoologie, Universität Koblenz-Landau, Universitätsstrasse 1, 56070 Koblenz, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePartid="0E5B8D14F34047742AC923F90819FD27">Tilbury, Colin R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliationid="E3F64DD8898A0FCA1F597B8782C4710E">Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X 1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="14A2E4111E1728AC6A9FBDBA00206D7B">Laboratoire d’Herpétologie, Département de Biologie, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles, Lwiro, République Démocratique du Congo.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="19E4606FE46299944712DCC387E6D5C2">Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, USA.</mods:affiliation>
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E7AFFEA72D065EB0D6EFF2F"authority="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum, 2024"authorityName="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum"authorityYear="2024"box="[151,513,151,178]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="msitugrabensis"status="sp. nov.">
<bibRefCitationid="AF07F8A61E7AFFEA73E864100D50FE1E"author="de Witte"box="[431,575,363,388]"firstAuthor="de Witte"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"pagination="1 - 215"refId="ref27886"refString="de Witte, G. - F. (1965) Les cameleons de l'Afrique Centrale (Republique Democratique du Congo, Republique du Rwanda et Royaume du Burundi). Annales Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Sciences Zoologiques, 142, 1 - 215, pls. I - XII."type="journal article"year="1965">de Witte 1965</bibRefCitation>
(partim),
<bibRefCitationid="AF07F8A61E7AFFEA70E164100CE3FE1E"author="Tilbury & Tolley"box="[678,908,363,388]"firstAuthor="Tilbury"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"pagination="345 - 364"refId="ref32364"refString="Tilbury, C. R. & Tolley, K. A. (2015) Contributions to the herpetofauna of the Albertine Rift: two new species of chameleon (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae) from an isolated montane forest, south eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Zootaxa, 3905 (3), 345 - 364. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3905.3.2"type="journal article"year="2015">Tilbury & Tolley 2015</bibRefCitation>
(partim),
<bibRefCitationid="AF07F8A61E7AFFEA71B464100BDEFE19"author="Spawls"box="[1011,1201,364,388]"etAl="et al."firstAuthor="Spawls"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"refId="ref31894"refString="Spawls, S., Howell, K., Drewes, R. C. & Ashe, J. (2018) Field Guide to East African Reptiles. 2 nd Edition. Bloomsbury Natural History, Oxford, 624 pp."type="book"year="2018">
<bibRefCitationid="AF07F8A61E7AFFEA775064100AF2FE19"author="Tilbury"box="[1303,1437,364,388]"firstAuthor="Tilbury"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"refId="ref32323"refString="Tilbury, C. R. (2018) Chameleons of Africa: An Atlas Including the Chameleons of Europe, the Middle East and Asia. 2 nd Edition. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, 643 pp."type="book"year="2018">Tilbury 2018</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="AF07F8A61E7AFFEA733364D50D5CFE5C"author="Hughes"box="[372,563,425,449]"etAl="et al."firstAuthor="Hughes"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"pagination="125 - 141"refId="ref29435"refString="Hughes, D. F., Tolley, K. A., Behangana, M., Lukwago, W., Menegon, M., Dehling, J. M., Stipala, J., Tilbury, C. R., Khan, A. M., Kusamba, C. & Greenbaum, E. (2018) Cryptic diversity in Rhampholeon boulengeri (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae), a pygmy chameleon from the Albertine Rift biodiversity hotspot. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 122, 125 - 141. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2017.11.015"type="journal article"year="2018">
<materialsCitationid="7BFE8F0A1E7AFFEA7280674B0C74FD04"ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4879928352"collectingDate="2011-12-20"collectionCode="UTEP, ELI"collectorName="E. Greenbaum & Greenbaum, C & Kusamba, M. M & W. M. Muninga"country="Burundi"elevation="1986"latitude="-3.06177"location="Mpishi"longLatPrecision="1"longitude="29.49343"municipality="Kibira National Park"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"specimenCode="UTEP 21709, ELI 1159"specimenCount="1"stateProvince="Bubanza"typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCodeid="9B302D2C1E7AFFEA737867440EBBFDCC"box="[319,468,567,594]"collectionCode="UTEP"country="USA"httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15719"lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15719"name="University of Texas at El Paso Biodiversity Collections"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"type="Museum">UTEP 21709</specimenCode>
<collectingMunicipalityid="2B4D1F2D1E7AFFEA76AD674B0FA2FDE8"pageId="29"pageNumber="480">Kibira National Park</collectingMunicipality>
,
<locationid="CE49D38C1E7AFFEA729C67270E42FDE8"LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:433F34411E7AFFE872D065EB0E43FE68:CE49D38C1E7AFFEA729C67270E42FDE8"box="[219,301,603,629]"country="Burundi"latitude="-3.06177"longLatPrecision="1"longitude="29.49343"municipality="Kibira National Park"name="Mpishi"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"stateProvince="Bubanza">Mpishi</location>
<collectingDateid="AF6C5A7F1E7AFFEA711767270B43FDE8"box="[848,1068,603,629]"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"value="2011-12-20">20 December 2011</collectingDate>
<figureCitationid="53AD99D21E7AFFEA70E267030C61FD04"box="[677,782,639,665]"captionStart="FIGURE 13"captionStartId="29.[151,250,1983,2007]"captionTargetBox="[410,1178,1445,1959]"captionTargetId="figure-470@29.[410,1178,1445,1959]"captionTargetPageId="29"captionText="FIGURE 13. Photograph of Rhampholeon msitugrabensis sp. nov. in life. (A)—Adult female holotype (UTEP 21709) from Kibira National Park, Burundi."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11547891"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11547891/files/figure.png"pageId="29"pageNumber="480">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
<specimenCodeid="9B302D2C1E7AFFEA729B67B40EAEFD7C"box="[220,449,711,738]"collectionCode="UTEP"country="USA"httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15719"lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15719"name="University of Texas at El Paso Biodiversity Collections"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"type="Museum">UTEP 22739–22743</specimenCode>
<materialsCitationid="7BFE8F0A1E7AFFEA73F667970C53FCB4"ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4879928302"collectionCode="MTSN"country="Rwanda"elevation="2669"latitude="-2.45565"location="Mount Bigugu"longLatPrecision="1"longitude="29.24927"municipality="Nyungwe National Park"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"specimenCode="MTSN 7213"specimenCount="1"stateProvince="Ouest">
<collectingMunicipalityid="2B4D1F2D1E7AFFEA718367900B8EFC98"box="[964,1249,747,774]"pageId="29"pageNumber="480">Nyungwe National Park</collectingMunicipality>
,
<locationid="CE49D38C1E7AFFEA76B567900AF3FC98"LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:433F34411E7AFFE872D065EB0E43FE68:CE49D38C1E7AFFEA76B567900AF3FC98"box="[1266,1436,747,774]"country="Rwanda"latitude="-2.45565"longLatPrecision="1"longitude="29.24927"municipality="Nyungwe National Park"name="Mount Bigugu"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"stateProvince="Ouest">Mount Bigugu</location>
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E7AFFEA730E664F0DCBFCD3"authority="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum, 2024"authorityName="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum"authorityYear="2024"box="[329,676,819,846]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="msitugrabensis"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E7AFFEA71AB664F0BEBFCD0"authorityName="Matthee, Tilbury & Townsend"authorityYear="2004"box="[1004,1156,819,845]"class="Squamata"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhinodigitum"kingdom="Animalia"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"phylum="Chordata"rank="genus">
because of its distinctly bicuspid claws, prominent rostral process, smooth plantar surfaces, and phylogenetic placement, thus easily distinguishing it from the six species in the other two subgenera (i.e.,
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E7AFFEA717166DC0CF0FC24"authorityName="Mariaux & Tilbury"authorityYear="2006"box="[822,927,927,953]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="viridis">
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E7AFFEA71E966E30A67FC27"authority="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum, 2024"authorityName="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum"authorityYear="2024"box="[942,1288,927,954]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="msitugrabensis"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E7AFFEA714266940CF4FB9C"authorityName="Mariaux & Tilbury"authorityYear="2006"box="[773,923,999,1025]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="beraduccii">
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E7AFFEA774066940AF7FB9C"authorityName="Branch, Bayliss & Tolley"authorityYear="2014"box="[1287,1432,1000,1025]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="maspictus">R. maspictus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E7AFFEA72D061700E61FBB8"authorityName="Branch, Bayliss & Tolley"authorityYear="2014"box="[151,270,1035,1061]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="tilburyi">R. tilburyi</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E7AFFEA735B61700E8AFBB8"authorityName="Branch, Bayliss & Tolley"authorityYear="2014"box="[284,485,1035,1061]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="bruessoworum">R. bruessoworum</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E7AFFEA706361700DA2FBB8"authorityName="Branch, Bayliss & Tolley"authorityYear="2014"box="[548,717,1035,1061]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="nebulauctor">
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E7AFFEA701E614C0D95FBD4"authorityName="Mariaux & Tilbury"authorityYear="2006"box="[601,762,1072,1097]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="acuminatus">
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E7AFFEA729261280E35FBF0"authorityName="Tilbury & Tolley"authorityYear="2015"box="[213,346,1107,1133]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="hattinghi">
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E7AFFEA762E61280A76FBF0"authorityName="Tilbury & Emmrich"authorityYear="1996"box="[1129,1305,1107,1133]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="uluguruensis">
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E7AFFEA776F61280AFAFBF0"authorityName="Menegon, Salvidio & Tilbury"authorityYear="2002"box="[1320,1429,1108,1133]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="moyeri">
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E7AFFEA703361C30C47FB47"authority="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum, 2024"authorityName="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum"authorityYear="2024"box="[628,808,1215,1242]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="monteslunae"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E7AFFEA70F3619F0C28FB63"authority="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum, 2024"authorityName="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum"authorityYear="2024"box="[692,839,1251,1278]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="nalubaale"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E7AFFEA7124607B0C9BFABF"authority="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum, 2024"authorityName="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum"authorityYear="2024"box="[867,1012,1287,1314]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="plumptrei"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E7AFFEA76CC607B0A61FABF"authority="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum, 2024"authorityName="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum"authorityYear="2024"box="[1163,1294,1287,1314]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="bombayi"status="sp. nov.">
<emphasisid="F9E259451E7AFFEA728060500D09FAD8"box="[199,614,1323,1350]"italics="true"pageId="29"pageNumber="480">Genetic differentiation and variation.</emphasis>
A summary of pairwise sequence divergence for three DNA markers (
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E7AFFEA701C60330C45FAF7"authority="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum, 2024"authorityName="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum"authorityYear="2024"box="[603,810,1359,1386]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="msitugrabensis"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E7AFFEA738762C20D95F84B"authority="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum, 2024"authorityName="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum"authorityYear="2024"box="[448,762,1982,2006]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="29"pageNumber="480"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="msitugrabensis"status="sp. nov.">
. Body shape leaf-like. Casque flattened, with short head. Neck indistinct from head. Supra-orbital crests distinct with cluster of tubercles connected by a ridge with 10 tubercles across casque and 15 tubercles from peak-to-peak of crests. Rostral process
, composed of elongated tubercles. Temporal crest discrete with several enlarged tubercles extending posteriorly from mid-eye. Nares open in a posterior orientation. Canthal ridge consists of raised tubercles, one raised higher than others near snout. Ninety-six upper and 88 lower labial tubercles are present along tip of snout to rictus of mouth. Body covered in nearly homogenous, flattened tubercles. Some larger conical tubercles present on dorsal flanks around midbody. Crenulated dorsal crest, more prominent from midbody to nape. Enlarged conical tubercles present on limbs. Claws markedly bicuspid.
<figureCitationid="53AD99D21E79FFE9767864A70BABFE68"box="[1087,1220,475,501]"captionStart="FIGURE 13"captionStartId="29.[151,250,1983,2007]"captionTargetBox="[410,1178,1445,1959]"captionTargetId="figure-470@29.[410,1178,1445,1959]"captionTargetPageId="29"captionText="FIGURE 13. Photograph of Rhampholeon msitugrabensis sp. nov. in life. (A)—Adult female holotype (UTEP 21709) from Kibira National Park, Burundi."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11547891"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11547891/files/figure.png"pageId="30"pageNumber="481">Figure 13A</figureCitation>
. Background color mottled light brown to gray with several darker brown patches, especially on limbs, tail, and dorsal crest. Top of head light brown and area near snout darker brown. Head exhibits several darker brown patches on ridges and below eye along mouth. Gular region white, which extends from tip of chin to neck region. Two diagonal dark brown lines extend from near dorsal crest posteriorly to lateral flanks, resembling veins of a leaf. Ventral region a much lighter color than body.
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E79FFE9711767CF0B4EFD50"authority="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum, 2024"authorityName="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum"authorityYear="2024"box="[848,1057,690,717]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="30"pageNumber="481"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="msitugrabensis"status="sp. nov.">
<tableCitationid="8614B0EC1E79FFE9770767CF0AF8FD50"box="[1344,1431,691,717]"captionStart="TABLE 4"captionStartId="21.[152,244,151,175]"captionTargetPageId="21"captionText="TABLE 4. Summary of meristic and mensural characters in specimens of Rhampholeon msitugrabensis sp. nov. and R. monteslunae sp. nov. Linear measurements (in mm) and scale counts are given as mean ± standard deviation, followed by range in parentheses; see Materials and Methods for explanation of character abbreviations."httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9FE9D5DF1E72FFE272DF65EB0BE4FF6A"pageId="30"pageNumber="481"tableUuid="9FE9D5DF1E72FFE272DF65EB0BE4FF6A">Table 4</tableCitation>
, comparative boxplots in
<figureCitationid="53AD99D21E79FFE973E967AB0D60FD6C"box="[430,527,727,753]"captionStart="FIGURE 4"captionStartId="8.[151,250,1842,1866]"captionTargetBox="[209,1381,181,1814]"captionTargetId="figure-20@8.[205,1383,181,1818]"captionTargetPageId="8"captionText="FIGURE 4. Box plots showing variation in external traits of the Rhampholeon boulengeri complex from the Albertine Rift, Central Africa. Sample sizes for each species are denoted in the bottom right quarter. Males and females are separated to show degree of sexual-size dimorphism across members of the complex. All measurements are in mm. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, minimum and maximum inter-quartile ranges, and outliers. Refer to text for description of the linear measurements."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11547865"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11547865/files/figure.png"pageId="30"pageNumber="481">Figure 4</figureCitation>
, and measurements of the type specimens in
<tableCitationid="8614B0EC1E79FFE9764B67AB0B0EFD6C"box="[1036,1121,727,753]"captionStart="TABLE 8"captionStartId="30.[152,244,908,932]"captionTargetPageId="30"captionText="TABLE 8. Meristic and mensural characters in type specimens of Rhampholeon msitugrabensis sp. nov. Linear measurements (in mm) and scale counts are given. See Materials and Methods for explanation of character abbreviations."httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9FE9D5DF1E79FFE972DF66F00E41FC71"pageId="30"pageNumber="481"tableUuid="9FE9D5DF1E79FFE972DF66F00E41FC71">Table 8</tableCitation>
. Morphological proportions are generally consistent with those of the
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E79FFE971D166F00B8BFC39"authority="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum, 2024"authorityName="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum"authorityYear="2024"box="[918,1252,908,932]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="30"pageNumber="481"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="msitugrabensis"status="sp. nov.">
<specimenCodeid="9B302D2C1E79FFE9712162620C93F8A5"box="[870,1020,1822,1848]"collectionCode="UTEP"country="USA"httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15719"lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15719"name="University of Texas at El Paso Biodiversity Collections"pageId="30"pageNumber="481"type="Museum">UTEP 22741</specimenCode>
<collectingDateid="AF6C5A7F1E79FFE9768E62620AF3F8A5"box="[1225,1436,1821,1848]"pageId="30"pageNumber="481"value="2011-12-20">20 December 2011</collectingDate>
<locationid="CE49D38C1E79FFE97034623D0C30F8C6"LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:433F34411E7AFFE872D065EB0E43FE68:CE49D38C1E79FFE97034623D0C30F8C6"box="[627,863,1857,1883]"country="Burundi"name="Kibira National Park"pageId="30"pageNumber="481">Kibira National Park</location>
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E79FFE970AA62190B27F81D"authority="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum, 2024"authorityName="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum"authorityYear="2024"box="[749,1096,1893,1920]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="30"pageNumber="481"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="msitugrabensis"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E79FFE9711062AD0B0AF871"authority="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum, 2024"authorityName="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum"authorityYear="2024"box="[855,1125,2001,2028]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="30"pageNumber="481"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="bombayi"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E78FFE870AC65EB0CD3FF2C"authority="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum, 2024"authorityName="Hughes & Behangana & Lukwago & Menegon & Dehling & Wagner & Tilbury & South & Kusamba & Greenbaum"authorityYear="2024"box="[747,956,150,177]"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Rhampholeon"kingdom="Animalia"order="Squamata"pageId="31"pageNumber="482"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="msitugrabensis"status="sp. nov.">
. These parks form a continuous forest block, but the nutrient-rich soils of these highlands attract farmers in high densities, which puts pressure on the remaining forest fragments (
<bibRefCitationid="AF07F8A61E78FFE8739064130DD8FE14"author="Burgess"box="[471,695,367,393]"etAl="et al."firstAuthor="Burgess"pageId="31"pageNumber="482"pagination="164 - 177"refId="ref27352"refString="Burgess, N. D., Balmford, A., Cordeiro, N. J., Fjeldsa, J., Kuper, W., Rahbek, C., Sanderson, E. W., Scharlemann, J. P., Sommer, J. H. & Williams, P. H. (2007) Correlations among species distributions, human density and human infrastructure across the high biodiversity tropical mountains of Africa. Biological Conservation, 134 (2), 164 - 177. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. biocon. 2006.08.024"type="journal article"year="2007">
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E78FFE8774564EF0F96FE4C"baseAuthorityName="Moreau De Jonnes"baseAuthorityYear="1818"class="Squamata"family="Gekkonidae"genus="Hemidactylus"kingdom="Animalia"pageId="31"pageNumber="482"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="mabouia">
<taxonomicNameid="0C96FED41E78FFE8704564CB0D96FE4D"authorityName="Hughes, Kusamba, Behangana & Greenbaum"authorityYear="2017"box="[514,761,439,464]"class="Squamata"family="Chamaeleonidae"genus="Kinyongia"kingdom="Animalia"pageId="31"pageNumber="482"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="rugegensis">