186 lines
20 KiB
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186 lines
20 KiB
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<document id="64C5335A0F2744C9F7A86E160BEF4DF2" ID-CLB-Dataset="293863" ID-DOI="10.1071/SB22023" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e5fdbbed-c92d-445e-a431-c85042aede21" ID-ISSN="1446-5701" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10904227" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1711994009407" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Casanova, Michelle T. & Karol, Kenneth G." docDate="2023" docId="03B187C6FFD5FFA31D2DC8C5FA6CF6AC" docLanguage="en" docName="AustSystBot.36.1.SB22023.pdf" docOrigin="Australian Systematic Botany 36 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb22023" docStyle="DocumentStyle:95658B21DE372A8A7AD113EF76B40484.2:AustSystBot.2022-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="95658B21DE372A8A7AD113EF76B40484" docStyleName="AustSystBot.2022-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Chara L." docType="key" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="47" masterDocId="FF88FFBEFFDCFFAA1D4FCE79FFBDF00C" masterDocTitle="Charophytes of Australia’s Northern Territory - I. Tribe Chareae" masterLastPageNumber="79" masterPageNumber="38" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1714399638914" updateUser="guilherme">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C6053C00AE1419289F81F448BBCB8B66">
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<mods:title id="408AFD981CA4EA79F040AA660B7B7596">Charophytes of Australia’s Northern Territory - I. Tribe Chareae</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="D9765560224C2C81AF730070E0FA7F6E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="642AF0C44A233317D65F74861CA1096C">Casanova, Michelle T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="031848DC088B9F99328D7D9C173E1BEF">Karol, Kenneth G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:titleInfo id="02B7BB21FAEE03520759DEE391BE188E">
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<mods:title id="CE6B25D30EAC6AB6198E9286C56098B3">Australian Systematic Botany</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CF85D85FC474D9B55088291C346FDFF1">
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<mods:date id="E95FF61733CFA0B3F0D4A6D9AE421421">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DE8AE6A606F17C312D0E70E74D0D82B5">2023-03-30</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="1649D3D900589E3A50EA2AF92B0B1B4E" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="7586BAAFD7DAF119E5CAA9907CAE2C65">36</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C72546CB84F0F099B53C09C0B46FF638">1</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="A399267CCDDD8E0AC674EE688C97D704">http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb22023</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="F8D6A6CFD93E881842769FCBF8518C73">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5C744A81A1852ADFFE581F7F559BDB00" type="CLB-Dataset">293863</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="73D138F20A626A0871841604BF982384" type="DOI">10.1071/SB22023</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="931A3DF688B8F848A2549D89302AD66B" type="ISSN">1446-5701</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="553989B14F0B6018A64B485617296059" type="Zenodo-Dep">10904227</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B187C6FFD5FFA31D2DC8C5FA6CF6AC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10979055" ID-GBIF-Taxon="225690823" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10979055" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B187C6FFD5FFA31D2DC8C5FA6CF6AC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B187C6FFD5FFA31D2DC8C5FA6CF6AC" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">
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<subSubSection id="C302655BFFD5FFA31D2DC8C5FF52F6F1" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA736D0FFD5FFA31D2DC8C5FF52F6F1" blockId="9.[98,762,1724,1789]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAC2FFD5FFA31D2DC8C5FD47F6D6" bold="true" box="[98,762,1724,1755]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">
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Key to the species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D53FFD5FFA31CE7C8C5FE42F6D7" ID-CoL="3M6W" authority="L." authorityName="L." box="[424,511,1724,1755]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" phylum="Charophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAC2FFD5FFA31CE7C8C5FE42F6D7" bold="true" box="[424,511,1724,1755]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">Chara</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the
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<collectingRegion id="49DCF832FFD5FFA31F24C8C5FF52F6F1" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">
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Northern
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<heading id="D0EF81BCFFD5FFA31D2DC8A6FF52F6F1" box="[98,239,1759,1789]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAC2FFD5FFA31D2DC8A6FF52F6F1" bold="true" box="[98,239,1759,1789]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">Territory</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C302655BFFD5FFA31D21C951FA6CF6AC" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" type="key">
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<paragraph id="8BA736D0FFD5FFA31D21C951FCBCF759" blockId="9.[110,770,1831,1931]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">1 Plants dioecious...............................................................................2 Plants monoecious...........................................................................7</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736D0FFD5FFA31D21C924FCBFF787" blockId="9.[110,770,1831,1931]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">2 Plant axis entirely ecorticate...........................................................3 Plant axis corticated, at least in part..............................................5</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736D0FFD5FFA31E71CEC1FA6FF0E9" blockId="9.[818,1490,183,1696]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">
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3 Axis diameter less than 700 µm, plants fine and tangled......
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D53FFD5FFA31830CEC1FCC1F0E9" authority="Axis" authorityName="Axis" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="lucida">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAC2FFD5FFA31830CEC1FA6CF0C6" bold="true" box="[1407,1489,183,203]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">C. lucida</emphasis>
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Axis
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</taxonomicName>
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diameter greater than 700 µm, plants turgid and upright...... 4
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736D0FFD5FFA31E71CE94FA6CF15C" blockId="9.[818,1490,183,1696]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">
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4 Plants with small bract cells and stipulodes up to 850 µm long, branchlets incurved........................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D53FFD5FFA31836CF71FC30F139" authority="Plants" authorityName="Plants" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="porteri">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAC2FFD5FFA31836CF71FA6FF117" bold="true" box="[1401,1490,264,283]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">C. porteri</emphasis>
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Plants
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</taxonomicName>
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with no visible bract cells and stipulodes, branchlets straight...............................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D53FFD5FFA31861CF44FA6CF15C" box="[1326,1489,317,336]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="protocharoides">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAC2FFD5FFA31861CF44FA6CF15C" bold="true" box="[1326,1489,317,336]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">C. protocharoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736D0FFD5FFA31E71CF2EFA6FF1D9" blockId="9.[818,1490,183,1696]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">
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5 Axial cortex cell number the same or fewer than the branchlets in the adjacent whorl, some branch apices contracted and filled with starch grains...........................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D53FFD5FFA31809CFF4FC38F1B7" authority="Axial" authorityName="Axial" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="submollusca">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAC2FFD5FFA31809CFF4FA6FF1AC" bold="true" box="[1350,1490,397,416]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">C. submollusca</emphasis>
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Axial
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</taxonomicName>
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cortex cells 2× the number of the branchlets in the adjacent whorl...........................................................................................6
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736D0FFD5FFA31E71CFA4FA6CF24C" blockId="9.[818,1490,183,1696]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">
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6 Bract cells on the branchlets abundant, 4–6, verticillate, stipulodes somewhat decumbent................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D53FFD5FFA319B5CF8EFC38F22A" authority="Bract" authorityName="Bract" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="lamprothamniformis">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAC2FFD5FFA319B5CF8EFA6FF206" bold="true" box="[1274,1490,503,522]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">C. lamprothamniformis</emphasis>
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Bract
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</taxonomicName>
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cells on the branchlets few, 2 or 3, somewhat unilateral, stipulodes spreading...................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D53FFD5FFA31812CC54FA6CF24C" authorityName="Casanova & Karol" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Casanova & Karol" baseAuthorityYear="2023" box="[1373,1489,557,576]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="bancroftii">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAC2FFD5FFA31812CC54FA6CF24C" bold="true" box="[1373,1489,557,576]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">C. bancroftii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736D0FFD5FFA31E71CC31FA6FF279" blockId="9.[818,1490,183,1696]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">7 Stipulodes in one row, no gyrogonites present on oospores...........8 Stipulodes in two rows, gyrogonites present on oospores............14</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736D0FFD5FFA31E71CC04FA6CF2C9" blockId="9.[818,1490,183,1696]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">8 Stipulodes evenly 2× the number of branchlets............................9 Stipulodes 1× the number of branchlets, sometimes with more, but never 2×...................................................................................10</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736D0FFD5FFA31E71CCB4FA6FF346" blockId="9.[818,1490,183,1696]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">
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9 Oogonia <300 µm long, oospores ~200 µm long, plants small, spine cells and bract cells very long (up to
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<quantity id="4CE09B35FFD5FFA3198BCC91FB44F2F7" box="[1220,1273,744,763]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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) and abundant............. ....................................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D53FFD5FFA3180ACD7BFC1FF33C" authority="Oogonia" authorityName="Oogonia" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="arnhemensis">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAC2FFD5FFA3180ACD7BFA6FF319" bold="true" box="[1349,1490,770,789]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">C. arnhemensis</emphasis>
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Oogonia
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</taxonomicName>
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>400 µm long, oospores ~300 µm long, spine cells short...... ..........................................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D53FFD5FFA31824CD41FA6FF346" box="[1387,1490,823,843]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="schultae">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAC2FFD5FFA31824CD41FA6FF346" bold="true" box="[1387,1490,823,843]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">C. schultae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736D0FFD5FFA31E7DCD2BFA6FF3B9" blockId="9.[818,1490,183,1696]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">10 Gametangia always arranged singly at the branchlet nodes, one oosporangium and one antheridium together...........................11 Gametangia arranged otherwise (sejoined, geminate or clustered).........................................................................................12</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736D0FFD5FFA31E7DCDC4FA6FF459" blockId="9.[818,1490,183,1696]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">
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11 Stipulodes equal in number to the number of branchlets, branchlets long, bract cells few and plants somewhat calcified..................... ..................................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D53FFD5FFA31819CD8BFC0BF42C" authority="Stipulodes" authorityName="Stipulodes" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="duriuscula">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAC2FFD5FFA31819CD8BFA6CF409" bold="true" box="[1366,1489,1010,1029]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">C. duriuscula</emphasis>
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Stipulodes
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</taxonomicName>
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one or two more than the number of branchlets, branchlets short and bract cells abundant, plants without calcification ...................................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D53FFD5FFA31814CA3BFA6FF459" box="[1371,1490,1090,1109]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="benthamii">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAC2FFD5FFA31814CA3BFA6FF459" bold="true" box="[1371,1490,1090,1109]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">C. benthamii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736D0FFD5FFA31E7DCA24FA6FF4CC" blockId="9.[818,1490,183,1696]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">
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12 Gametangia sejoined and geminate in places, antheridia scarce, up to 700 µm wide.......................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D53FFD5FFA31808CA01FC78F4A9" authority="Gametangia" authorityName="Gametangia" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="erythrogyna">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAC2FFD5FFA31808CA01FA6FF486" bold="true" box="[1351,1490,1143,1163]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">C. erythrogyna</emphasis>
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Gametangia
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</taxonomicName>
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conjoined, sometimes geminate and clustered, antheridia 200–500 µm wide.....................................................13
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736D0FFD5FFA31E7DCAB1FA6FF526" blockId="9.[818,1490,183,1696]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">
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13 Branchlet tips a corona of equal-sized cells, oospores black............ ........................................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D53FFD5FFA31835CA9BFC13F51C" authority="Branchlet" authorityName="Branchlet" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="karolii">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAC2FFD5FFA31835CA9BFA6CF4F9" bold="true" box="[1402,1489,1250,1269]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">C. karolii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Branchlet
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
tips a single cell subtended by bract cells, oospores brown..............................................................................
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C184D53FFD5FFA31836CB61FA6FF526" box="[1401,1490,1303,1323]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="wightii">
|
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|
|
<emphasis id="B96CEAC2FFD5FFA31836CB61FA6FF526" bold="true" box="[1401,1490,1303,1323]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">C. wightii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA736D0FFD5FFA31E7DCB4BFA6FF577" blockId="9.[818,1490,183,1696]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">14 Branchlets largely without cortex, or cortex only on lowest cells.........................................................................................................15 Branchlets fully corticated except the final 1 or 2 segments........16</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA736D0FFD5FFA31E7DCBFBFA6FF60C" blockId="9.[818,1490,183,1696]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
15 Branchlet cortex reduced to undeveloped cortical initials, gametangia on ecorticate nodes, axis isostichous.....................
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C184D53FFD5FFA3182ACBE4FC13F5C7" authority="Branchlet" authorityName="Branchlet" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="behriana">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96CEAC2FFD5FFA3182ACBE4FA6FF5BC" bold="true" box="[1381,1490,1437,1456]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">C. behriana</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Branchlet
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
cortex present on a few lower branchlet internodes, gametangia only present where a cortex is present, axis aulacanthous......................................................................
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C184D53FFD5FFA3182BCB94FA6FF60C" authorityName="Casanova & Karol" authorityYear="2023" box="[1380,1490,1517,1536]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="aridicola">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96CEAC2FFD5FFA3182BCB94FA6FF60C" bold="true" box="[1380,1490,1517,1536]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">C. aridicola</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA736D0FFD5FFA31E7DC87EFA6CF65C" blockId="9.[818,1490,183,1696]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
16 Basal branchlet cell cortex similar to all other corticated branchlet cells, plants smooth....................................................
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C184D53FFD5FFA31813C85BFA6FF639" box="[1372,1490,1570,1589]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="globularis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96CEAC2FFD5FFA31813C85BFA6FF639" bold="true" box="[1372,1490,1570,1589]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">C. globularis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
Basal branchlet cell cortex either absent or lacking pigmentation......17
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA736D0FFD5FFA31E7DC821FA6CF6AC" blockId="9.[818,1490,183,1696]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
17 Basal branchlet cell cortex absent, plants rough...........
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C184D53FFD5FFA31810C821FA6FF666" box="[1375,1490,1623,1643]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="zeylanica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96CEAC2FFD5FFA31810C821FA6FF666" bold="true" box="[1375,1490,1623,1643]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">C. zeylanica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
Basal branchlet cell cortex lacking pigment, appearing different from other cortex, plants smooth....................................
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C184D53FFD5FFA31830C8F4FA6CF6AC" box="[1407,1489,1677,1696]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="setosa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96CEAC2FFD5FFA31830C8F4FA6CF6AC" bold="true" box="[1407,1489,1677,1696]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">C. setosa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|