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210 lines
21 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.554.6306" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cc57f0f3-5d3a-455a-bca3-a816ffa4a799" ID-PMC="PMC4740828" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-554-27" ID-PubMed="26877678" ID-ZBK="4B9B51D3260B49B98DAD9C4FF66101A2" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-554-27" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 554" ModsDocTitle="A new species of open-air processional column termite, Hospitalitermesnigriantennalis sp. n. (Termitidae), from Borneo" checkinTime="1453145187692" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Syaukani, Syaukani, Thompson, Graham J., Zettel, Herbert & Pribadi, Teguh" docDate="2016" docId="B587043BF6070BEFB3AD78A5529D09D1" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 554: 27-36" docOrigin="ZooKeys 554" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.554.6306" docTitle="Hospitalitermes nigriantennalis Syaukani & Thompson, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="1EEA9B9D-A871-41EB-A2F7-38055284D924" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="31" masterDocId="257DFF8CFA0B5B09FFE5FFF27E18FF9E" masterDocTitle="A new species of open-air processional column termite, Hospitalitermesnigriantennalis sp. n. (Termitidae), from Borneo" masterLastPageNumber="36" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1668162483952" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new species of open-air processional column termite, Hospitalitermesnigriantennalis sp. n. (Termitidae), from Borneo</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Syaukani, Syaukani</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Thompson, Graham J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zettel, Herbert</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pribadi, Teguh</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>554</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>27</mods:start>
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<mods:end>36</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.554.6306</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.554.6306</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-554-27</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">4B9B51D3260B49B98DAD9C4FF66101A2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">4B9B51D3260B49B98DAD9C4FF66101A2</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127880017" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1EEA9B9D-A871-41EB-A2F7-38055284D924" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B587043BF6070BEFB3AD78A5529D09D1" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="28" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="28">Taxon classification Animalia Isoptera Termitidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="28">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/1EEA9B9D-A871-41EB-A2F7-38055284D924" authority="Syaukani & Thompson" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes nigriantennalis" order="Blattodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigriantennalis">Hospitalitermes nigriantennalis Syaukani & Thompson</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="1" pageNumber="28">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 1-3, 4-5, 6-13, 14, 15
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="28">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="28">Imago. Unknown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="28">Soldier (Figs 1-5). Head capsule pale brown to orange with yellowish vertex and dark brown nasus; nasus paler in basal part and darker in apical part; antenna uniformly blackish, contrasting with head capsule. Pronotum in dorsal view as darker than head capsule. Abdominal tergites are gold orange to pale brown. Coxae are blackish brown; femora and tibiae pale to dark brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="28">
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Head capsule in dorsal view strongly constricted behind antennal sockets, with anterior part excluding nasus much smaller than posterior part in size; median portion of its posterior margin nearly straight with a minute indentation in the middle; dorsal outline (including nasus) in profile weakly concave, while posterior part of head capsule fairly developed. Nasus in dorsal view more than half as long as receiving head capsule, basal part much wider than tip. Antenna with 14 segments; third segment longer than fourth, while fourth and fifth segment are nearly equal, 6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="th–">th-</normalizedToken>
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14th gradually decreasing in length. Pronotum in dorsal view with anterior margin moderately indented in middle and posterior margin roundly convex.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="1" pageNumber="28">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="28">
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Figures 1-3. Soldiers of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes nigriantennalis" order="Blattodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigriantennalis">Hospitalitermes nigriantennalis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. Habitus in profile (1), head in profile (2), head in dorsal view (3). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (1), 0.3 mm (2, 3).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="1" pageNumber="28">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="28">
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Figures 4-5. Soldier of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes nigriantennalis" order="Blattodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigriantennalis">Hospitalitermes nigriantennalis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. Antenna (4) and pronotum (5). Scale bars: 0.3 mm (4), 0.2 mm (5).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="29" start="start">Worker</pageBreakToken>
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(Figs 6-13). Dimorphic. Largest workers. Head capsule dark brown to black; epicranial suture pale brown; fontanel brown to dark brown; labrum pale brown to dark brown; clypeus blackish brown to black; anteclypeus dark brown; antenna
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="30" start="start">dark</pageBreakToken>
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brown to blackish. Antenna consisting of 15 segments; third segment longer than fourth, while the fourth segment is slightly shorter than fifth, 6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="th–">th-</normalizedToken>
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15th gradually increasing in length. Left mandible: apical tooth clearly shorter than first marginal tooth; anterior edge of first marginal tooth distinctly longer than posterior edge; second marginal tooth absent, incorporated into cutting edge between first and third marginal teeth; third marginal tooth smaller than first marginal tooth, weakly protruding from cutting edge and separated from molar prominence by a distinct gap; fourth marginal tooth retracted, completely hidden behind molar prominence. Right mandible: first marginal tooth with anterior edge down-curved; second marginal tooth weakly recognized and separated from much larger first marginal tooth; posterior edge of second marginal tooth straight; outline of molar plate weakly visible; cockroach notch of molar plate absent.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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Figures 6-13. Worker of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes nigriantennalis" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigriantennalis">Hospitalitermes nigriantennalis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. Large workers (6, 8, 10-11), small worker (7, 9, 12-13). Left (10, 12) and right (11, 13) mandibles. Worker head in dorsal view (6, 7), worker habitus in dorsal (8, 9). Scale bars: 0.3 mm (6), 0.2 mm (7), 0.6 mm (8, 9), 0.1 mm (10, 11), 0.05 (12, 13).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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Figure 14. Foraging party of soldiers and workers of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes nigriantennaris" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigriantennaris">Hospitalitermes nigriantennaris</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. on the forest floor.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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Figure 15. Nest of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes nigriantennalis" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigriantennalis">Hospitalitermes nigriantennalis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. inside a standing dead
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Dipterocarpaceae" genus="Shorea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Shorea" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Shorea</taxonomicName>
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sp. trunk.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="30" type="comparisons">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Comparisons.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes nigriantennalis" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigriantennalis">Hospitalitermes nigriantennalis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is separated from the other species from Indo-Malayan and Austro-Malayan sub-regions by its peculiar coloration in the soldier. Specifically,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes nigriantennalis" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigriantennalis">Hospitalitermes nigriantennalis</taxonomicName>
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has prominent black antennae and palps that contrast with the pale head capsule. In other species, the head capsule is uniformly dark and does not contrast with the dark antennae. Further, by morphology
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes nigriantennalis" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigriantennalis">Hospitalitermes nigriantennalis</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from other regional congeners
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes rufus" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufus">Hospitalitermes rufus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes hospitalis" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hospitalis">Hospitalitermes hospitalis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes medioflavus" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medioflavus">Hospitalitermes medioflavus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes moluccanus" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moluccanus">Hospitalitermes moluccanus</taxonomicName>
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Ahmad, 1947,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes ferrugineus" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferrugineus">Hospitalitermes ferrugineus</taxonomicName>
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(John, 1925),
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes lividiceps" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lividiceps">Hospitalitermes lividiceps</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes diurnus" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diurnus">Hospitalitermes diurnus</taxonomicName>
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Kemner, 1934, and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes seikii" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seikii">Hospitalitermes seikii</taxonomicName>
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Syaukani, 2010 by comparing the head capsule; in dorsal view the posterior margin and the median portion of head capsule of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes nigriantennalis" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigriantennalis">Hospitalitermes nigriantennalis</taxonomicName>
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are elongated. In other species the head capsule is less elongated, rounded.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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Likewise, in lateral view, the dorsal outline (including nasus) in profile weakly separate this new species from congeners (e.g.,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes umbrinus" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbrinus">Hospitalitermes umbrinus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes birmanicus" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birmanicus">Hospitalitermes birmanicus</taxonomicName>
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(Snyder, 1934),
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes bicolor" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">Hospitalitermes bicolor</taxonomicName>
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(Haviland, 1898),
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes monoceros" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monoceros">Hospitalitermes monoceros</taxonomicName>
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(Koenig, 1779),
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes papuanus" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papuanus">Hospitalitermes papuanus</taxonomicName>
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Ahmad, 1947,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes jepsoni" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jepsoni">Hospitalitermes jepsoni</taxonomicName>
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(Snyder, 1934) and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes krishnai" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="krishnai">Hospitalitermes krishnai</taxonomicName>
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Syaukani, 2011 by its elongate form.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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Holotype: soldier collected from a mass processional column on the forest floor (leaving nest to feeding sites) in an undisturbed lowland rain forest (250 m in altitude), Pararawen Nature Reserve (
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-0.6369444">
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0°38
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<normalizedToken originalValue="’13”">'13"</normalizedToken>
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S
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</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="114.68611">
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114°41
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<normalizedToken originalValue="’10”">'10"</normalizedToken>
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E
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</geoCoordinate>
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), North Barito, Central Kalimantan, Borneo. The nest was located in soil at the base of a dead
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="31" start="start">standing</pageBreakToken>
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tree (
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Dipterocarpaceae" genus="Shorea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Shorea" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Shorea</taxonomicName>
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sp.), 6 m in height. Syaukani leg. 22.vi.2014. Colony code: SY-2014-Pararawen-0036. Other material from the same locality: SY-2014-Pararawen-C0045, C0051, C0052, C0059 (collected from nests at the base of standing tree), SY-2014-Pararawen-C0019, C0037, C0043 (collected from a processional column en masse). The holotype is deposited at Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB), Cibinong, Indonesia. Paratypes: soldiers and workers from C0019, C0036, C0037, C0043, C0045, C0051, C0052; will be depository at MZB, the Natural History Museum, London (UK), Natural History Museum Vienna (Austria), Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh (Indonesia), the Kitakyushu Museum of Natural History and Human History (Japan), and the American Museum of Natural History, New York (USA).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="31" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">This species is named after the blackish antennae in the soldier caste.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" type="biological observation">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Biological observation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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With the discovery of this new species, the total number of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hospitalitermes</taxonomicName>
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species increased to eight for the island of Borneo. This species foraged above the ground and seemed to prefer leaf litter, which may afford some protection from predators. However, when huge logs or fallen trees disrupt this cover, the soldiers can be seen running in a zigzag pattern along the column edges. This observation of soldier behavior is consistent with observations by
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<bibRefCitation author="Hoare, A" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" pagination="1357 - 1366" title="Note on the foraging behaviour and taxonomy of the southeast Asian termite Longipeditermeslongipes (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinar)." url="10.1080/00222939800770681" volume="32" year="1998">Hoare and Jones (1998)</bibRefCitation>
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who reported this response in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Longipeditermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Longipeditermes longipes" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipes">Longipeditermes longipes</taxonomicName>
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as a response to disturbance. The
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="32" start="start">strong</pageBreakToken>
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dimorphism in coloration between the soldier and worker castes is peculiar among the members of this genus, and distinguishes this species. Finally,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hospitalitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hospitalitermes nigriantennalis" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigriantennalis">Hospitalitermes nigriantennalis</taxonomicName>
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has a dimorphic worker caste.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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