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<mods:title id="34F7509C77A456B68E9071FCC761FDFA">The first troglobitic terrestrial isopod (Isopoda, Oniscidea) from Peru</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="49B14FC5217353076E0611955B797D87">Campos-Filho, Ivanklin Soares</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7FF5C5FF292DF1A32823382E4099A94B">Sfenthourakis, Spyros</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="16D11B6B4AAC827EBF5560E8C0C2CCE0">University of Cyprus, Department of Biological Sciences. Lefkosia (Nicosia), Cyprus. &amp; E 9328 -</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="959FFB3A8AF87B86CD2DB2998051BBF2">Gallão, Jonas Eduardo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="156EADA9EE2B084459D33B6C8740BA9D">Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A6F45B229D9E0169952FB5A1820944DE">Senna-Horta, Lilia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="78BEF52C9B4A3B8D8CFA0B5C9B601120">Bichuette, Maria Elina</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="34804CA9A21A84DECEFB549CA4AC46CB">Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva. &amp; Grupo Bambuí de Pesquisas Espeleológicas. Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. liliahorta @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<heading id="AC62413F1642FFEDFEC835429BAB045C" bold="true" box="[273,713,285,314]" centered="true" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="2">
<emphasis id="C5E12A411642FFEDFEC835429BAB045C" bold="true" box="[273,713,285,314]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="30958DD01642FFEDFEB235429BAB045C" ID-CoL="7NVJN" authority="Schmidt, 2007" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="2007" box="[363,713,285,314]" class="Malacostraca" family="Scleropactidae" genus="Caecopactes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C5E12A411642FFEDFEB235429B67045F" bold="true" box="[363,517,285,313]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Caecopactes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="93048BA21642FFEDFDD335429BAB045C" author="Schmidt C" box="[522,713,285,314]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 339" refId="ref5790" refString="Schmidt C 2007. Revision of the Neotropical Scleropactidae (Crustacea: Oniscidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 151 (Suppl. 1): 1 - 339. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2007.00286. x" type="journal article" year="2007">Schmidt, 2007</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="C5E12A411642FFEDFF023533980604EE" box="[219,356,364,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<typeStatus id="282E48F11642FFEDFF023533987004EE" box="[219,274,364,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Type</typeStatus>
species
</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="30958DD01642FFEDFEA935339A4304EF" authority="Schmidt, 2007" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="2007" box="[368,801,363,393]" class="Malacostraca" family="Scleropactidae" genus="Caecopactes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimus">
<emphasis id="C5E12A411642FFEDFEA935339B0B04EE" box="[368,617,364,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Caecopactes minimus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="93048BA21642FFEDFDB735349A4304EF" author="Schmidt C" box="[622,801,363,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 339" refId="ref5790" refString="Schmidt C 2007. Revision of the Neotropical Scleropactidae (Crustacea: Oniscidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 151 (Suppl. 1): 1 - 339. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2007.00286. x" type="journal article" year="2007">Schmidt, 2007</bibRefCitation>
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, by original designation and monotypy.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="C5E12A411642FFEDFF0235BE9828049B" box="[219,330,481,509]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Modified from
<bibRefCitation id="93048BA21642FFEDFDCF35BF9BBB049B" author="Schmidt C" box="[534,729,480,509]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 339" refId="ref5790" refString="Schmidt C 2007. Revision of the Neotropical Scleropactidae (Crustacea: Oniscidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 151 (Suppl. 1): 1 - 339. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2007.00286. x" type="journal article" year="2007">Schmidt (2007)</bibRefCitation>
. Body pigments and eyes absent, animals with endoantennal conglobation, or rolling, ability, cephalon with frontal shield fused with vertex (not delimited by frontal line), pereonite 1 epimera with schisma on posterior corner, antenulla of 2 articles, antennal f lagellum of 2 articles, mandible with molar penicil simple, maxillula inner endite bearing 2 penicils, maxilla bilobate, maxilliped endite with 2 strong setae on distal margin, pereopod dactylus of 2 claws, inner claw short, uropod protopod enlarged and surpassing distal margin of telson, and exopod inserted on medial margin, and pleopod exopods without respiratory areas.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F72AF6531642FFEDFF0237A49B990086" blockId="4.[179,806,1019,1960]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="C5E12A411642FFEDFF0237A49823017E" box="[219,321,1019,1048]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Remarks</emphasis>
. The genus
<taxonomicName id="30958DD01642FFEDFE0337A49B040171" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="2007" box="[474,614,1019,1047]" class="Malacostraca" family="Scleropactidae" genus="Caecopactes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C5E12A411642FFEDFE0337A49B040171" box="[474,614,1019,1047]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Caecopactes</emphasis>
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was erected by
<bibRefCitation id="93048BA21642FFEDFF6C307E98190158" author="Schmidt C" box="[181,379,1057,1086]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 339" refId="ref5790" refString="Schmidt C 2007. Revision of the Neotropical Scleropactidae (Crustacea: Oniscidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 151 (Suppl. 1): 1 - 339. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2007.00286. x" type="journal article" year="2007">Schmidt (2007)</bibRefCitation>
to include
<taxonomicName id="30958DD01642FFEDFDD2307E9BF60158" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="2007" box="[523,660,1057,1086]" class="Malacostraca" family="Scleropactidae" genus="Caecopactes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimus">
<emphasis id="C5E12A411642FFEDFDD2307E9BF60158" box="[523,660,1057,1086]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. minimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingRegion id="355138B11642FFEDFD3B307E987D0102" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Napo Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="8F82B6C31642FFEDFEF3301898EC0102" box="[298,398,1095,1124]" name="Ecuador" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
. The genus was defined by animals of reduced size, body pigments and eyes absent, endoantennal conglobation ability, pereonite 1 epimera with schisma at the posterior corner, cephalon with concave frons, antennal peduncle with fourth and fifth articles triangular and corners projected ventrally, and antennal flagellum of two articles (see also
<bibRefCitation id="93048BA21642FFEDFD65317499940008" author="Schmidt C" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 339" refId="ref5790" refString="Schmidt C 2007. Revision of the Neotropical Scleropactidae (Crustacea: Oniscidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 151 (Suppl. 1): 1 - 339. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2007.00286. x" type="journal article" year="2007">Schmidt, 2007</bibRefCitation>
). The new species described here is tentatively placed into the genus mainly due to the shape of the cephalon,the pereonite1epimera with posterior schisma, and the shape of uropods (see also
<bibRefCitation id="93048BA21642FFEDFD99319C9B8D0086" author="Schmidt C" box="[576,751,1475,1504]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 339" refId="ref5790" refString="Schmidt C 2007. Revision of the Neotropical Scleropactidae (Crustacea: Oniscidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 151 (Suppl. 1): 1 - 339. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2007.00286. x" type="journal article" year="2007">Schmidt, 2007</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F72AF6531642FFEDFF0231B69CDB0774" blockId="4.[179,806,1019,1960]" lastBlockId="4.[841,1467,151,530]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Regarding the characters mentioned by
<bibRefCitation id="93048BA21642FFEDFD6431B6986F034A" author="Schmidt C" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 339" refId="ref5790" refString="Schmidt C 2007. Revision of the Neotropical Scleropactidae (Crustacea: Oniscidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 151 (Suppl. 1): 1 - 339. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2007.00286. x" type="journal article" year="2007">Schmidt (2007)</bibRefCitation>
, the reduced size of animals, cephalon with concave frons and the triangular shape of the fourth and fifth articles of the antennal peduncle probably represent specific characteristics of
<taxonomicName id="30958DD01642FFEDFD5232DD9A7E03F8" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="2007" box="[651,796,1666,1694]" class="Malacostraca" family="Scleropactidae" genus="Caecopactes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimus">
<emphasis id="C5E12A411642FFEDFD5232DD9A7E03F8" box="[651,796,1666,1694]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. minimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Moreover, within the Neotropical
<taxonomicName id="30958DD01642FFEDFD9632F89A6303A2" authorityName="Verhoeff" authorityYear="1938" box="[591,769,1703,1732]" class="Malacostraca" family="Scleropactidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scleropactidae</taxonomicName>
no other genera have a cephalon shape as in
<taxonomicName id="30958DD01642FFEDFD5632919A7E038C" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="2007" box="[655,796,1742,1770]" class="Malacostraca" family="Scleropactidae" genus="Caecopactes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C5E12A411642FFEDFD5632919A7E038C" box="[655,796,1742,1770]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Caecopactes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with the frontal shield fused with the vertex. In a loose comparison, the shape of
<taxonomicName id="30958DD01642FFEDFDFE33459BD60250" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="2007" box="[551,692,1818,1846]" class="Malacostraca" family="Scleropactidae" genus="Caecopactes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C5E12A411642FFEDFDFE33459BD60250" box="[551,692,1818,1846]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Caecopactes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cephalon resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="30958DD01642FFEDFE563360999602E4" authority="Taiti and Howarth, 1997" authorityName="Taiti and Howarth" authorityYear="1997" class="Malacostraca" family="Scleropactidae" genus="Aulaconiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C5E12A411642FFEDFE5633609B48023A" box="[399,554,1855,1884]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Aulaconiscus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="93048BA21642FFEDFDEA3360999602E4" author="Taiti S &amp; Howarth FG" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="97 - 118" refId="ref6138" refString="Taiti S and Howarth FG 1997. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea, Oniscidea) from Hawaiian caves. Memoires de Biospelogie, 24: 97 - 118." type="journal article" year="1997">Taiti and Howarth, 1997</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from Hawaii, and
<taxonomicName id="30958DD01642FFEDFE3F333A999102CE" authority="Schmalfuss, 1995" authorityName="Schmalfuss" authorityYear="1995" class="Malacostraca" family="Scleropactidae" genus="Kithironiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C5E12A411642FFEDFE3F333A9BE602E4" box="[486,644,1893,1922]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Kithironiscus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="93048BA21642FFEDFD54333A999102CE" author="Schmalfuss H" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="139 - 150" refId="ref5696" refString="Schmalfuss H 1995. Die Land-isopoden Griechenlands. 16. Beitrag: gattugen Xeroporcellio und Kithironiscus gen. n. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, Serie B, 97: 139 - 150. https: // www. jstor. org / stable / 41766951" type="journal article" year="1995">Schmalfuss, 1995</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="8F82B6C31642FFEDFE9C33D498C102CE" box="[325,419,1931,1960]" name="Greece" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Greece</collectingCountry>
; however, the genus differs in the animals having endoantennal conglobation (vs. exoantennal in
<taxonomicName id="30958DD01642FFEDFB9C34E19DBC05BD" authorityName="Taiti and Howarth" authorityYear="1997" box="[1093,1246,190,219]" class="Malacostraca" family="Scleropactidae" genus="Aulaconiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C5E12A411642FFEDFB9C34E19DBC05BD" box="[1093,1246,190,219]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Aulaconiscus</emphasis>
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), the pereonite 1 epimera with posterior schisma (vs. schisma absent in
<taxonomicName id="30958DD01642FFEDFCB135549A99044E" authorityName="Taiti and Howarth" authorityYear="1997" box="[872,1019,267,296]" class="Malacostraca" family="Scleropactidae" genus="Aulaconiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C5E12A411642FFEDFCB135549A99044E" box="[872,1019,267,296]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Aulaconiscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
),pereonite 2 epimera without ventral lobe (vs. present in
<taxonomicName id="30958DD01642FFEDFBED356D9DAD0429" authorityName="Taiti and Howarth" authorityYear="1997" box="[1076,1231,306,335]" class="Malacostraca" family="Scleropactidae" genus="Aulaconiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C5E12A411642FFEDFBED356D9DAD0429" box="[1076,1231,306,335]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Aulaconiscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), telson with distal margin rounded (vs. triangular in
<taxonomicName id="30958DD01642FFEDFB3235069CE40410" authorityName="Taiti and Howarth" authorityYear="1997" box="[1259,1414,345,374]" class="Malacostraca" family="Scleropactidae" genus="Aulaconiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C5E12A411642FFEDFB3235069CE40410" box="[1259,1414,345,374]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Aulaconiscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="30958DD01642FFEDFC9235DF9A8F04FB" authorityName="Schmalfuss" authorityYear="1995" box="[843,1005,384,413]" class="Malacostraca" family="Scleropactidae" genus="Kithironiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C5E12A411642FFEDFC9235DF9A8F04FB" box="[843,1005,384,413]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Kithironiscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and uropod exopod inserted on medial margin (vs. on distal margin in
<taxonomicName id="30958DD01642FFEDFAF935F89CD804A2" authorityName="Taiti and Howarth" authorityYear="1997" box="[1312,1466,423,452]" class="Malacostraca" family="Scleropactidae" genus="Aulaconiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C5E12A411642FFEDFAF935F89CD804A2" box="[1312,1466,423,452]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Aulaconiscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="30958DD01642FFEDFCA735919D7B048D" authorityName="Schmalfuss" authorityYear="1995" box="[894,1049,462,491]" class="Malacostraca" family="Scleropactidae" genus="Kithironiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C5E12A411642FFEDFCA735919D7B048D" box="[894,1049,462,491]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Kithironiscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (see also
<bibRefCitation id="93048BA21642FFEDFB4135919C17048D" author="Schmalfuss H" box="[1176,1397,462,491]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="139 - 150" refId="ref5696" refString="Schmalfuss H 1995. Die Land-isopoden Griechenlands. 16. Beitrag: gattugen Xeroporcellio und Kithironiscus gen. n. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, Serie B, 97: 139 - 150. https: // www. jstor. org / stable / 41766951" type="journal article" year="1995">Schmalfuss, 1995</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="93048BA21642FFEDFAA635919D580774" author="Taiti S &amp; Howarth FG" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="97 - 118" refId="ref6138" refString="Taiti S and Howarth FG 1997. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea, Oniscidea) from Hawaiian caves. Memoires de Biospelogie, 24: 97 - 118." type="journal article" year="1997">Taiti and Howarth, 1997</bibRefCitation>
; Tabacaru and Girginca, 2003).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>