261 lines
31 KiB
XML
261 lines
31 KiB
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<document id="FE6A78BB27A7E4684ABD8C6BF28EB00F" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.197380" ID-GBIF-Dataset="623f5942-0074-4d90-b034-a0b102d5a3e6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="197380" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460268294263" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Galea, Horia R." docDate="2010" docId="03D787AB6C09FFF7FF62CEAEAF87B919" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02570p040.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2570" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Sertularella diaphana Allman 1885" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="FFEEFFD36C06FFE6FFF5CB13AB40B875" masterDocTitle="Additional shallow-water thecate hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guadeloupe and Les Saintes, French Lesser Antilles" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="16" updateTime="1698246066476" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C44DCA724A8111ABD20F1853AD500AC5">
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<mods:title id="184EE423E795895628BF6C1B93B35415">Additional shallow-water thecate hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guadeloupe and Les Saintes, French Lesser Antilles</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="331369D5B61B3AEA76216E137395C135" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5F7047CFBF2D3415D1C811F2CC025612">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E1254CB9C0B83B31431943BDDDF2DBF3">Galea, Horia R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="21A7F22133056C7544945661980C2754">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="B07A566921F4311CF94936B318354232">
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<mods:title id="0FF8E2FB4BCE3D9F4C544A0D23A2221B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="140566705D8A7604FD54204B10A8C344">
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<mods:date id="3DE354777C6A57472E2576D51CB4E0C9">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="3BE2BF4B3C4469975CD1A6D49694C345" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="6F8B353E0D502D39525F0C777A1D06C5">2570</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:start id="6F05DEB725C2CF50C9F782627A038277">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="40E51E3AB9F8806EC842C705897DBCEB">40</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="67B586FF4F560429437EA98D0842DCB5">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="BCE9F18E700EB9D7E640EB618BA96CB4" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.197380</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C47D76928010E0E3A9908A1A03986FAF" type="GBIF-Dataset">623f5942-0074-4d90-b034-a0b102d5a3e6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2EA119C935070DFC2BDEA7984D4249C2" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3BC13935388517CB784F2C7762045EF3" type="Zenodo-Dep">197380</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03D787AB6C09FFF7FF62CEAEAF87B919" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5630159" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119394472" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5630159" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D787AB6C09FFF7FF62CEAEAF87B919" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D787AB6C09FFF7FF62CEAEAF87B919" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<subSubSection id="C36465366C09FFE9FF62CEAEAA34BD8F" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C09FFE9FF62CEAEA920BDA2" blockId="15.[151,608,1469,1530]" box="[151,608,1469,1495]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<heading id="D08981D16C09FFE9FF62CEAEA920BDA2" bold="true" box="[151,608,1469,1495]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C09FFE9FF62CEAEA920BDA2" authority="Allman, 1885" authorityName="Allman" authorityYear="1885" box="[151,608,1469,1495]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Sertularella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="diaphana">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C09FFE9FF62CEAEA920BDA2" bold="true" box="[151,608,1469,1495]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C09FFE9FF62CEAEAADFBDA2" bold="true" box="[151,415,1469,1495]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Sertularella diaphana</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C09FFE9FE5ACEAEA918BDA2" author="Allman" box="[431,600,1469,1495]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Allman, G. J. (1885) Description of Australian, Cape, and other Hydroida, mostly new, from the collection of Miss H. Gatty. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 19, 132 - 161." type="journal article" year="1885">Allman, 1885</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C09FFE9FF62CEF3AA34BD8F" blockId="15.[151,608,1469,1530]" box="[151,372,1504,1530]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">(figs 1B, C; 4L–R)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36465366C09FFE9FF62CD39A855BEF7" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C09FFE9FF62CD39A99DBE34" blockId="15.[151,1131,1578,1666]" box="[151,733,1578,1601]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6E11936C09FFE9FF62CD39A99DBE34" box="[151,733,1578,1601]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C09FFE9FF62CD39A971BE34" authority="Allman, 1885: 145" authorityName="Allman" authorityPageNumber="145" authorityYear="1885" box="[151,561,1578,1601]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Thuiaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="diaphana">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C09FFE9FF62CD39AA20BE34" box="[151,352,1578,1601]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Thuiaria diaphana</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADF10AC6C09FFE9FE93CD39A971BE34" author="Allman" box="[358,561,1578,1601]" page="145" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1885">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C09FFE9FE93CD39AABDBE34" author="Allman" box="[358,509,1578,1601]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Allman, G. J. (1885) Description of Australian, Cape, and other Hydroida, mostly new, from the collection of Miss H. Gatty. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 19, 132 - 161." type="journal article" year="1885">Allman, 1885</bibRefCitation>
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: 145
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 18 figs 1–3.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C09FFE9FF62CD59A855BEF7" blockId="15.[151,1131,1578,1666]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6E11936C09FFE9FF62CD59A855BEF7" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C09FFE9FF62CD59AAC1BE14" box="[151,385,1610,1633]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Sertularella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="diaphana">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C09FFE9FF62CD59AAC1BE14" box="[151,385,1610,1633]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Sertularella diaphana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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―
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADF10AC6C09FFE9FE6ECD59A91CBE14" author="Calder" box="[411,604,1610,1633]" page="101" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1991">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C09FFE9FE6ECD59A967BE14" author="Calder" box="[411,551,1610,1633]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Calder, D. R. (1991) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Thecatae, exclusive of Plumularioidea. Royal Ontario Museum Life Sciences Contributions, 154, 1 - 140." type="journal article" year="1991">Calder, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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: 101
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 53.―
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADF10AC6C09FFE9FD3BCD59A8E6BE14" author="Vervoort" box="[718,934,1610,1633]" page="214" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1993">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C09FFE9FD3BCD59A831BE14" author="Vervoort" box="[718,881,1610,1633]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Vervoort, W. (1993) Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroida: Hydroids from the western Pacific (Philippines, Indonesia and New Caledonia) I. Sertulariidae (Part 1). In: Resultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Vol. 11. Memoires du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 158, 89 - 298." type="journal article" year="1993">Vervoort, 1993</bibRefCitation>
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: 214
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 45D, E; 46D.
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C09FFE9FF62CD79A971BEF4" authority="Galea, 2009: 61" authorityName="Galea" authorityPageNumber="61" authorityYear="2009" box="[151,561,1642,1665]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Syntheciidae" genus="Hincksella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brevitheca">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C09FFE9FF62CD79AA3FBEF4" box="[151,383,1642,1665]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Hincksella brevitheca</emphasis>
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Galea, 2009: 61
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</taxonomicName>
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, figs 1B, 2,
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<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C09FFE9FD47CD79A855BEF7" bold="true" box="[690,789,1642,1666]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">syn. nov.</emphasis>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36465366C09FFF6FF62CDBCA912B9E7" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C09FFF6FF62CDBCA912B9E7" blockId="15.[151,1437,1711,2036]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1437,152,2007]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C09FFE9FF62CDBCAAC3BEBC" bold="true" box="[151,387,1711,1737]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Material examined</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C09FFE9FE7ECDBCAA89BEBC" bold="true" box="[395,457,1711,1737]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Stn.9</emphasis>
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:
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<date id="FFC0107D6C09FFE9FE10CDA3A92ABEBF" box="[485,618,1712,1738]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2009-11-21">21.11.2009</date>
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, 21 m—three sterile, fan-shaped, highly polysiphonic colonies (morphotype 1),
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<quantity id="4C869B586C09FFE9FE94CDC6AAA8BE9A" box="[353,488,1749,1775]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.95" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="cm" value="4.95" valueMax="6.2" valueMin="3.7">3.7–6.2 cm</quantity>
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high, on worm tubes; several infertile stems (morphotype 2), 3.4–6.0 cm high, growing up through sandy bottom (MHNG-INVE-68721).
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<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C09FFE9FCA3CDE9A8E1BF61" bold="true" box="[854,929,1786,1812]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Stn.11</emphasis>
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:
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<date id="FFC0107D6C09FFE9FC46CDE9AF7ABF61" box="[947,1082,1786,1812]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2009-11-30">30.11.2009</date>
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, 15–18 m—two large, sterile, much branched, highly polysiphonic colonies (morphotype 1),
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<quantity id="4C869B586C09FFE9FC77CC33A8B7BF4F" box="[898,1015,1824,1850]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="cm" value="13.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="13.0">13–14 cm</quantity>
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high, on bivalves attached to black gorgonian; numerous stems (morphotype 2), to
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<quantity id="4C869B586C09FFE9FD3ECC56A86ABF2A" box="[715,810,1861,1887]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="cm" value="10.5">10.5 cm</quantity>
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high, some bearing gonothecae, growing up through sandy bottom (four stems as MHNG-INVE-68722).
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<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C09FFE9FCD6CC79A833BFF1" bold="true" box="[803,883,1898,1924]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Stn.12</emphasis>
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:
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<date id="FFC0107D6C09FFE9FC73CC79AF54BFF1" box="[902,1044,1898,1924]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2009-11-30">30.11.2009</date>
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, 12–17 m—several sterile, fanshaped, polysiphonic stems and fragments (morphotype 1), to
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<quantity id="4C869B586C09FFE9FC66CC83A8A7BFDF" box="[915,999,1936,1962]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="cm" value="9.5">9.5 cm</quantity>
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high, from hard substrate (MNHN- IK.2009-830); four sterile colonies (morphotype 2),
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<quantity id="4C869B586C09FFE9FCEECCA6A8E4BFBA" box="[795,932,1973,1999]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="cm" value="7.5" valueMax="9.5" valueMin="5.5">5.5–9.5 cm</quantity>
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high, growing up through sandy bottom.
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<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C09FFE9FF62CCC9ABA5BF81" bold="true" box="[151,229,2010,2036]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Stn.13</emphasis>
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:
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<date id="FFC0107D6C09FFE9FF02CCC9AAC1BF81" box="[247,385,2010,2036]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2009-11-19">19.11.2009</date>
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, 13 m—several sterile stems and fragments (morphotype 2), to
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<quantity id="4C869B586C09FFE9FB7DCCC9AF84BF81" box="[1160,1220,2010,2036]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="cm" value="8.0">8 cm</quantity>
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high, growing up through sandy bottom; 0
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<date id="FFC0107D6C16FFF6FE38CB8BA90EB8C7" box="[461,590,152,178]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="2009-03-12">3.12.2009</date>
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, 10 m—numerous stems to
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<quantity id="4C869B586C16FFF6FC5BCB8BAF44B8C7" box="[942,1028,152,178]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="cm" value="9.5">9.5 cm</quantity>
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high, some bearing gonothecae, growing up through sandy bottom (MNHN-IK.2009-831).
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<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C16FFF6FC95CBAEA8EFB8A2" bold="true" box="[864,943,189,215]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Stn.14</emphasis>
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: 0
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<date id="FFC0107D6C16FFF6FC25CBAEAF0CB8A2" box="[976,1100,189,215]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="2009-01-12">1.12.2009</date>
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, 20 m—three polysiphonic, much branched colonies and fragments (morphotype 1), to
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<quantity id="4C869B586C16FFF6FCB8CBF1A8D6B889" box="[845,918,226,252]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="cm" value="12.0">12 cm</quantity>
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high, some with gonothecae, removed from hard substrate (MHNG-INVE-68736).
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<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C16FFF6FD9ACA14A9FEB954" bold="true" box="[623,702,263,289]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Stn.21</emphasis>
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:
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<date id="FFC0107D6C16FFF6FD25CA1BA81AB957" box="[720,858,264,290]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="2009-11-24">24.11.2009</date>
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, 10–15 m—three polysiphonic, branched stems (morphotype 1), to
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<quantity id="4C869B586C16FFF6FE8FCA3EAA82B932" box="[378,450,301,327]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="cm" value="11.0">11 cm</quantity>
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high, and several smaller fragments, all sterile, growing on bivalve shell attached to sponge; additional sample comprising numerous hydrocladia arising epizootically from stolons creeping on
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C16FFF6FF62CA6BA90FB9E7" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[151,591,376,402]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="setacea">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C16FFF6FF62CA6BAA3CB9E4" box="[151,380,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Plumularia setacea</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C16FFF6FE7ECA6BA906B9E7" author="Linnaeus" box="[395,582,376,402]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. L. Salvii, Holmiae, Stockholm, 1 - 823." type="book chapter" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C36465366C16FFF7FF30CA8EAF87B919" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C16FFF6FF30CA8EAA1AB9A9" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C16FFF6FF30CA8EAA7DB9C2" bold="true" box="[197,317,413,439]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Remarks</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. For complete lists of synonyms and descriptions of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C16FFF6FC2BCA8EAF35B9C3" box="[990,1141,413,438]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Sertularella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="diaphana">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C16FFF6FC2BCA8EAF35B9C3" box="[990,1141,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. diaphana</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, see
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C16FFF6FB42CA8EAE26B9C2" author="Calder" box="[1207,1382,413,439]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Calder, D. R. (1991) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Thecatae, exclusive of Plumularioidea. Royal Ontario Museum Life Sciences Contributions, 154, 1 - 140." type="journal article" year="1991">Calder (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C16FFF6FF62CAD1AA16B9A9" author="Vervoort" box="[151,342,450,476]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Vervoort, W. (1993) Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroida: Hydroids from the western Pacific (Philippines, Indonesia and New Caledonia) I. Sertulariidae (Part 1). In: Resultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Vol. 11. Memoires du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 158, 89 - 298." type="journal article" year="1993">Vervoort (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C16FFF6FF30CAFBA936BB72" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
|||
|
|
Two distinct morphotypes occur in the present material. Morphotype 1 is typically represented by branched, fan-shaped, highly polysiphonic colonies, growing upside down from overhangs and ceilings of submarine arches and cavities (fig. 1C). Color in life pale pink. Perisarc thin, transparent; cladia brittle, easily broken off upon colony manipulation. All hydrothecae exhibit a rim provided with four pointed triangular cusps separated by shallow embayments; the opercular apparatus is composed of four triangular flaps, often remaining attached to the hydrothecal rim. There is no hydrothecal base and the adcauline wall of hydrotheca ends proximally in a perisarc plug. A single nematocyst
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54C5881F6C16FFF6FCC7C9DBA825BA97" box="[818,869,712,738]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
was found in all samples examined: microbasic mastigophores (5.6–6.0) × (1.6–1.7) µm.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C16FFF6FF30C801A84ABB27" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
|||
|
|
From all synonym species of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C16FFF6FDD7C801A9EEBB5E" box="[546,686,786,811]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Sertularella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="diaphana">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C16FFF6FDD7C801A9EEBB5E" box="[546,686,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. diaphana</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, the present morphotype is closest to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C16FFF6FB98C801AB94BB27" authority="Allman, 1877" authorityName="Allman" authorityYear="1877" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Thuiaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pinnata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C16FFF6FB98C801AE75BB5E" box="[1133,1333,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Thuiaria pinnata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C16FFF6FAC8C801AB94BB27" author="Allman" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Allman, G. J. (1877) Report on the Hydroida collected during the exploration of the Gulf Stream by L. F. de Pourtales, Assistant United States Coast Survey. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 5 (2), 1 - 66." type="journal article" year="1877">Allman, 1877</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, originally described from the Straits of Florida.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C16FFF6FF30C84EAFC4BC22" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
|||
|
|
Morphotype 2 is sympatric with the former and is characterized by unbranched, pinnate colonies growing more or less individually on sandy bottom (fig. 1B). The stems are always monosiphonic, the perisarc is thick, horn colored, rather elastic and never brittle. The coenosarc is canaliculated, often anastomozing, milky in color. The very basal part of the stems (
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C869B586C16FFF6FD7DC8DEA9BEBB92" box="[648,766,973,999]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="13.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="1.0">1–13 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
in length) may appear polysiphonic but, upon careful inspection, it is actually formed by several stolonal tubes arising from the main stem and running downwards to form the complex, root-like hydrorhizal network anchoring the colony to its substrate. No secondary tubes, running upwards along the main stem, were observed in any of the available material.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C16FFF6FF30CF71AA63BCB2" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
|||
|
|
When colonies of similar sizes are considered (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C16FFF6FD18CF70A858BC09" box="[749,792,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">e.g.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
samples from Stn.9), those belonging to morphotype 1 have strongly polysiphonic stems, while those of morphotype 2 have always monosiphonic though rather thick stems.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C16FFF6FF30CFC1A9CEBD29" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
|||
|
|
The most conspicuous difference is to be found in the shape of hydrothecae, which, in this variety, are
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C16FFF6FF62CFEBAA58BD64" box="[151,280,1272,1297]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Syntheciidae" genus="Hincksella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C16FFF6FF62CFEBAA58BD64" box="[151,280,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Hincksella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
-like. Each hydrotheca has a well-defined, transverse base, the rim is even or nearly so, and no closing apparatus is present. The adcauline hydrothecal wall is somewhat shorter in this morphotype than in the former (345–370 µm
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C16FFF6FE35CE50AA98BD29" box="[448,472,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">vs</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 380–450 µm).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C16FFF6FF30CE7BA9DCBDB9" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
|||
|
|
There are also differences in cnidome composition: in addition to the microbasic mastigophores [(6.2–6.5) × (1.9–2.0) µm] observed in morphotype 1, conspicuous, larger capsules [(8.0–8.3) × (2.7–3.0) µm] of unidentified
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54C5881F6C16FFF6FED9CEA1AA1EBDB9" box="[300,350,1458,1484]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
co-occur in morphotype 2.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C16FFF6FF30CECBA903BE49" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
|||
|
|
Gonothecae are present in some of the examined specimens and are morphologically indistinguishable from those normally observed in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C16FFF6FDC0CEEEA989BE63" box="[565,713,1533,1558]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Sertularella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="diaphana">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C16FFF6FDC0CEEEA989BE63" box="[565,713,1533,1558]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. diaphana</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
; the fine, internal structure of the gonophore could not be evaluated properly in fixed material.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C16FFF6FF30CD5BA928BE82" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
|||
|
|
At present, it is impossible to state whether the morphological differences observed between the two morphotypes are solely due to ecological factors. It is worth noting that specimens from the same station (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C16FFF6FA87CD7EAEDCBEF3" box="[1394,1436,1645,1670]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">e.g.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Stn.9, 11 and 12) collected from the bottom and the overhangs, respectively (each of which found distantly at not more than
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C869B586C16FFF6FEBECDABAADCBEA7" box="[331,412,1720,1746]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
), can exhibit such profound contrasts. Molecular analyses would allow for a better understanding of their true relationship.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C16FFF6FF30CC11AF65BF12" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
|||
|
|
Of all the synonym species of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C16FFF6FDDBCC10A9FABF69" box="[558,698,1795,1820]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Sertularella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="diaphana">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C16FFF6FDDBCC10A9FABF69" box="[558,698,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. diaphana</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, the present morphotype is closest to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C16FFF6FB8FCC10ABA8BF37" authority="Allman (1877)" authorityName="Allman" authorityYear="1877" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Thuiaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="distans">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C16FFF6FB8FCC10AE7CBF69" box="[1146,1340,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Thuiaria distans</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C16FFF6FAB1CC11ABA8BF37" author="Allman" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Allman, G. J. (1877) Report on the Hydroida collected during the exploration of the Gulf Stream by L. F. de Pourtales, Assistant United States Coast Survey. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 5 (2), 1 - 66." type="journal article" year="1877">Allman (1877)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, originally described from the
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F369762D6C16FFF6FDA0CC3BA9FFBF37" box="[597,703,1832,1858]" name="Haiti" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Tortugas</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
. Both share in common the colony shape, their monosiphonic stems, the canaliculated coenosarc, and the even to wavy hydrothecal margin.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C16FFF6FF30CC61AEC5BFA2" blockId="16.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C16FFF6FF30CC61A905BFF9" author="Gravier-Bonnet" box="[197,581,1906,1932]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Gravier-Bonnet, N. & Lebon, M. L. (2002) Swimming medusoid gonophores in two species of Sertularella (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Sertulariidae) from Reunion Island, Indian Ocean. Invertebrate Reproduction and Development, 41 (1 - 3), 101 - 108." type="journal article" year="2002">Gravier-Bonnet & Lebon (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
stated, without providing any comparison, that differences were present in two sympatric populations from
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F369762D6C16FFF6FDCACC8BA9E4BFC7" box="[575,676,1944,1970]" name="Réunion" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Reunion</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
Island, one assigned to Allman’s (1885) species, the other to a new, yet unnamed taxon, whose “important characters for specific diagnosis” have not since been provided.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C17FFF7FF30CB8BAFFFB932" blockId="17.[151,1437,152,364]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
|||
|
|
Taken together, these scant data suggest that we are probably dealing with several cryptic species and, in the absence of conspicuous morphological differences, molecular studies are expected to elucidate their relationships. It is also worth mentioning the amazingly long list of synonyms (see
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C17FFF7FB59CBF1AE06B889" author="Calder" box="[1196,1350,226,252]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Calder, D. R. (1991) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Thecatae, exclusive of Plumularioidea. Royal Ontario Museum Life Sciences Contributions, 154, 1 - 140." type="journal article" year="1991">Calder 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) for
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C17FFF7FA70CBF1AA46B954" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Sertularella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="diaphana">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C17FFF7FA70CBF1AA46B954" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. diaphana</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, which partly accounts for the apparently wide morphological variation observed in this taxon.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C17FFF7FF30CA3EAAF0B932" bold="true" box="[197,432,301,327]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Caribbean records</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F369762D6C17FFF7FE4BCA3EA949B932" box="[446,521,301,327]" name="Belize" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Belize</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C17FFF7FDEDCA3EA98EB932" author="Spracklin" box="[536,718,301,327]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Spracklin, B. W. (1982) Hydroidea (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Carrie Bow Bay, Belize. In: Rutzler, K. & MacIntyre, I. G. (Eds), The Atlantic Reef Ecosystem at Carrie Bow Bay, Belize, 1: Structure and communities. Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences, 12, 239 - 251." type="journal article" year="1982">Spracklin 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, as
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C17FFF7FD0ECA3EAFF2B932" authority="Congdon, 1907" authorityName="Congdon" authorityYear="1907" box="[763,1202,301,327]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Sertularella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="speciosa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C17FFF7FD0ECA3EA8B2B933" box="[763,1010,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Sertularella speciosa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C17FFF7FC0CCA3EAFF2B932" author="Congdon" box="[1017,1202,301,327]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Congdon, E. D. (1907) The hydroids of Bermuda. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Science, 42, 463 - 485." type="journal article" year="1907">Congdon, 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C17FFF7FF30CA41AF87B919" blockId="17.[151,1437,152,364]" box="[197,1223,338,364]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C17FFF7FF30CA41AAF0B919" bold="true" box="[197,432,338,364]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">World distribution</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical waters (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C17FFF7FC08CA41AFFBB919" author="Schuchert" box="[1021,1211,338,364]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Schuchert, P. (2003) Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) of the Danish expedition to the Kei Islands. Steenstrupia, 27 (2), 137 - 256." type="journal article" year="2003">Schuchert 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|