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151 lines
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<document id="2C16525C67385C7A46ACEC66E7BA177A" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5543.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14385085" ID-ZooBank="F6372401-5C79-487C-A8C1-DBDEE7C71671" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1733917159451" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Trokhymchuk, Roman, Schmidt-Rhaesa, Andreas, Utevsky, Serge, Kristensen, Reinhardt Møbjerg & Kieneke, Alexander" docDate="2024" docId="03848797FF8EFFE19B8DE3AEACB3174C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5543.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5543 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5543.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Tholoarctus oleseni Jorgensen, Boesgaard, Mobjerg, & Kristensen 2014" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="FFBDFFEFFF98FFF79B1AE371AC5A1475" masterDocTitle="Towards a better understanding of deep-sea tardigrade biogeography: numerous new records from the Southern Ocean" masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1734115554579" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="C462FDC6EA6CEC986AB3FB01C44BA0C5">Towards a better understanding of deep-sea tardigrade biogeography: numerous new records from the Southern Ocean</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="060C9EB8BE84D78FA4C94F9DC3ABEB07">Trokhymchuk, Roman</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1BB7C830183339291823B6BD83809912">VN Karazin Kharkiv National University, Svobody Square, 4, 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine. & German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research (DZMB), Senckenberg am Meer, Südstrand 44, 26382, Wilhelmshaven, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="648CF4D61C31C1B7292958A3F07EC9F1">Schmidt-Rhaesa, Andreas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0FDADD86CA42426709D13506A3E8B1D5" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4102-9371</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="AB6A9B692E9062CF9B2F3FCEF9C6C3B9">ZTM, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="70F61DE1C1D2462CC84E92A99B6FDE05" type="email">haesa@leibniz-lib.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="BE5F96A5A2F8A04827FE4F271D68730B">Utevsky, Serge</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9A75880706E0042249BDA12ADC3BCE1E">VN Karazin Kharkiv National University, Svobody Square, 4, 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="3C988E3DACA57885347B5A07183A861B" type="email">serge.utevsky@karazin.ua</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="2A0E2A2693910D578F95B66972D9B06C">Kristensen, Reinhardt Møbjerg</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4ED5495DACB0721B3A0103175891B08D">Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Gothersgade 130, 1123 Copenhagen, Denmark.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2F90C05F3B8B801AC1A71A058826B448" type="email">rmkristensen@snm.ku.dk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="75F05D681CCE1854C0C522B6CECF5D82">Kieneke, Alexander</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0B8AB98BEE65DD745CC8375988828975">German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research (DZMB), Senckenberg am Meer, Südstrand 44, 26382, Wilhelmshaven, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B023089337685CA5AB030E317ED7EE84" type="email">alexander.kieneke@senckenberg.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<treatment id="03848797FF8EFFE19B8DE3AEACB3174C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385216" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14385216" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03848797FF8EFFE19B8DE3AEACB3174C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03848797FF8EFFE19B8DE3AEACB3174C" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection id="C337650AFF8EFFE19B8DE3AEA840148C" box="[151,1050,223,250]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B923681FF8EFFE19B8DE3AEA840148C" blockId="22.[151,1050,223,250]" box="[151,1050,223,250]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<heading id="D0DA81EDFF8EFFE19B8DE3AEA840148C" bold="true" box="[151,1050,223,250]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D4D02FF8EFFE19B8DE3AEA840148C" authority="Jorgensen, Boesgaard, Mobjerg, & Kristensen, 2014" authorityName="Jorgensen, Boesgaard, Mobjerg, & Kristensen" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,1050,223,250]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Halechiniscidae" genus="Tholoarctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="oleseni">
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<emphasis id="B959EA93FF8EFFE19B8DE3AEA840148C" bold="true" box="[151,1050,223,250]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis id="B959EA93FF8EFFE19B8DE3AEADDC148F" bold="true" box="[151,390,223,250]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Tholoarctus oleseni</emphasis>
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Jørgensen, Boesgaard, Møbjerg, & Kristensen, 2014
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C337650AFF8EFFE19B8DE256AE481614" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B923681FF8EFFE19B8DE256AFF91510" blockId="22.[151,931,295,393]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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N=
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<specimenCount id="9D2BFD08FF8EFFE19BA7E256AD131534" box="[189,329,295,321]" count="8" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="generic">8 specimens</specimenCount>
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:
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<specimenCount id="9D2BFD08FF8EFFE19A4EE256ADE21534" box="[340,440,295,321]" count="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D2BFD08FF8EFFE19AD9E256AE461534" box="[451,540,295,321]" count="4" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="male">4 males</specimenCount>
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, 3 with undetermined sex occurrence: ANDEEP I,
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<collectionCode id="ED3CAE44FF8EFFE19AC3E23AAE9A1510" box="[473,704,331,357]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">ANDEEP-SYSTCO</collectionCode>
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;
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<elevation id="0000D1B2FF8EFFE199D1E23AAFC51510" box="[715,927,331,358]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4619999999999997" metricValueMax="2.997" metricValueMin="1.927" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="2462.0" valueMax="2997.0" valueMin="1927.0">
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<quantity id="4CD59B64FF8EFFE199D1E23AAF2E1513" box="[715,884,331,358]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4619999999999997" metricValueMax="2.997" metricValueMin="1.927" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="2462.0" valueMax="2997.0" valueMin="1927.0">1,927–2,997 m</quantity>
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bsl
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</elevation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B923681FF8EFFE19BDDE21EAE1015FC" blockId="22.[151,931,295,393]" box="[199,586,367,393]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<figureCitation id="13162A04FF8EFFE19BDDE21EAD4315FC" box="[199,281,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1773,1797]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,241,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[151,1435,181,1750]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 11. Tholoarctus oleseni. A Tholoarctus oleseni, female, light microscopy (DIC), dorsal view. B Tholoarctus oleseni, female, light microscopy (DIC), leg II (right) and leg III (left) region, dorsal view. C Tholoarctus oleseni, male, light microscopy (DIC), ventral view. D Tholoarctus oleseni, male, SEM, ventro-sagittal view. D2 Tholoarctus oleseni, male, SEM, leg III, note sensory organ (arrowhead).Abbreviations: an—anus, cA—cirrus A, cE—cirrus E, ec—external cirrus, ed—external digit, go— gonopore, ic—internal cirrus, id—internal digit, mc—median cirrus, oe—outer epicuticle, pc—primary clava, pi—cuticular pilars, sc—secondary clava, se—leg sensory organ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385117/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
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; Supplementary
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<tableCitation id="C6AF033AFF8EFFE19ACEE21EAE1015FC" box="[468,586,367,393]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[152,244,469,495]" captionText="TABLE 1. All corer deployments of expeditions ANDEEP 1, 2, 3 and ANDEEP-SYSTCO that contained Tardigrada. For two deployments at the Shona Ridge, no information about position and depth was available. GKG: boxcorer with 0.25 m2 sampling area, MUC (A): multicorer with 70.85 cm2 sampling area per core tube, MUC (B): multicorer with 69.36 cm2 sampling area per core tube, MUC (C): multicorer with 25.5 cm2 sampling area per core tube" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Table 1.12</tableCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B923681FF8EFFE19B8DE2C6AD3D15A4" blockId="22.[151,1436,439,610]" box="[151,359,439,465]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<heading id="D0DA81EDFF8EFFE19B8DE2C6AD3D15A4" bold="true" box="[151,359,439,465]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B959EA93FF8EFFE19B8DE2C6AD3D15A4" bold="true" box="[151,359,439,465]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Short description</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B923681FF8EFFE19BDDE2AAAE481614" blockId="22.[151,1436,439,610]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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Tardigrades with slender body and bell-shaped outer epicuticle (
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<figureCitation id="13162A04FF8EFFE19885E2AAA8731580" box="[927,1065,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1773,1797]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,241,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[151,1435,181,1750]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 11. Tholoarctus oleseni. A Tholoarctus oleseni, female, light microscopy (DIC), dorsal view. B Tholoarctus oleseni, female, light microscopy (DIC), leg II (right) and leg III (left) region, dorsal view. C Tholoarctus oleseni, male, light microscopy (DIC), ventral view. D Tholoarctus oleseni, male, SEM, ventro-sagittal view. D2 Tholoarctus oleseni, male, SEM, leg III, note sensory organ (arrowhead).Abbreviations: an—anus, cA—cirrus A, cE—cirrus E, ec—external cirrus, ed—external digit, go— gonopore, ic—internal cirrus, id—internal digit, mc—median cirrus, oe—outer epicuticle, pc—primary clava, pi—cuticular pilars, sc—secondary clava, se—leg sensory organ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385117/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 11A, C</figureCitation>
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). Short primary clavae and large secondary clavae present (
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<figureCitation id="13162A04FF8EFFE19ADAE28EAE7D166C" box="[448,551,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1773,1797]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,241,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[151,1435,181,1750]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 11. Tholoarctus oleseni. A Tholoarctus oleseni, female, light microscopy (DIC), dorsal view. B Tholoarctus oleseni, female, light microscopy (DIC), leg II (right) and leg III (left) region, dorsal view. C Tholoarctus oleseni, male, light microscopy (DIC), ventral view. D Tholoarctus oleseni, male, SEM, ventro-sagittal view. D2 Tholoarctus oleseni, male, SEM, leg III, note sensory organ (arrowhead).Abbreviations: an—anus, cA—cirrus A, cE—cirrus E, ec—external cirrus, ed—external digit, go— gonopore, ic—internal cirrus, id—internal digit, mc—median cirrus, oe—outer epicuticle, pc—primary clava, pi—cuticular pilars, sc—secondary clava, se—leg sensory organ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385117/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
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). Sexual dimorphism concerning body size (female is 336 µm long and 79 µm wide, n=1; males are 165–173 µm long and 40 µm wide, n=3) (
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<figureCitation id="13162A04FF8EFFE1987AE152AF981648" box="[864,962,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1773,1797]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,241,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[151,1435,181,1750]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 11. Tholoarctus oleseni. A Tholoarctus oleseni, female, light microscopy (DIC), dorsal view. B Tholoarctus oleseni, female, light microscopy (DIC), leg II (right) and leg III (left) region, dorsal view. C Tholoarctus oleseni, male, light microscopy (DIC), ventral view. D Tholoarctus oleseni, male, SEM, ventro-sagittal view. D2 Tholoarctus oleseni, male, SEM, leg III, note sensory organ (arrowhead).Abbreviations: an—anus, cA—cirrus A, cE—cirrus E, ec—external cirrus, ed—external digit, go— gonopore, ic—internal cirrus, id—internal digit, mc—median cirrus, oe—outer epicuticle, pc—primary clava, pi—cuticular pilars, sc—secondary clava, se—leg sensory organ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385117/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
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compared with
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<figureCitation id="13162A04FF8EFFE19F62E152A8861648" box="[1144,1244,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1773,1797]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,241,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[151,1435,181,1750]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 11. Tholoarctus oleseni. A Tholoarctus oleseni, female, light microscopy (DIC), dorsal view. B Tholoarctus oleseni, female, light microscopy (DIC), leg II (right) and leg III (left) region, dorsal view. C Tholoarctus oleseni, male, light microscopy (DIC), ventral view. D Tholoarctus oleseni, male, SEM, ventro-sagittal view. D2 Tholoarctus oleseni, male, SEM, leg III, note sensory organ (arrowhead).Abbreviations: an—anus, cA—cirrus A, cE—cirrus E, ec—external cirrus, ed—external digit, go— gonopore, ic—internal cirrus, id—internal digit, mc—median cirrus, oe—outer epicuticle, pc—primary clava, pi—cuticular pilars, sc—secondary clava, se—leg sensory organ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385117/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 11C</figureCitation>
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). Sensory organs on each leg present (
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<figureCitation id="13162A04FF8EFFE19A64E136AE5C1614" box="[382,518,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1773,1797]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,241,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[151,1435,181,1750]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 11. Tholoarctus oleseni. A Tholoarctus oleseni, female, light microscopy (DIC), dorsal view. B Tholoarctus oleseni, female, light microscopy (DIC), leg II (right) and leg III (left) region, dorsal view. C Tholoarctus oleseni, male, light microscopy (DIC), ventral view. D Tholoarctus oleseni, male, SEM, ventro-sagittal view. D2 Tholoarctus oleseni, male, SEM, leg III, note sensory organ (arrowhead).Abbreviations: an—anus, cA—cirrus A, cE—cirrus E, ec—external cirrus, ed—external digit, go— gonopore, ic—internal cirrus, id—internal digit, mc—median cirrus, oe—outer epicuticle, pc—primary clava, pi—cuticular pilars, sc—secondary clava, se—leg sensory organ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385117/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 11B, D</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C337650AFF8EFFE19B8DE1FEACB3174C" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B923681FF8EFFE19B8DE1FEAD5E16DC" blockId="22.[151,1437,655,825]" box="[151,260,655,681]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis id="B959EA93FF8EFFE19B8DE1FEAD5E16DC" bold="true" box="[151,260,655,681]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Remarks</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B923681FF8EFFE19BDDE1C2ACB3174C" blockId="22.[151,1437,655,825]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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Tardigrades with clear sexual dimorphism in size (mature females are twice as big as males). Short spine-like sensory organ present also on the legs II and
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<collectionCode id="ED3CAE44FF8EFFE19980E1A9AEE31687" box="[666,697,728,754]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">III</collectionCode>
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. Outer epicuticle with various levels of inflation so we measured length and width by inner cuticle borders, which corresponded to the original description by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBC4B70FF8EFFE19FFFE18DACBF174C" author="Jorgensen, A. & Boesgaard, T. M. & Mobjerg, N. & Kristensen, R. M." pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="401 - 433" refId="ref20236" refString="Jorgensen, A., Boesgaard, T. M., Mobjerg, N. & Kristensen, R. M. (2014) The tardigrade fauna of Australian marine caves: With descriptions of nine new species of Arthrotardigrada. Zootaxa, 3802 (4), 401 - 433. https: // doi. org / 10.1078 / 0044 - 5231 - 00033" type="journal article" year="2014">
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Jørgensen
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<emphasis id="B959EA93FF8EFFE19E7AE18DA9C71760" box="[1376,1437,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
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(2014)
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</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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