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<document id="30F8C49734A96B3281E58AED8E02A711" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3730.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5268476" ID-ZooBank="0C2C146B-FEE4-4150-A6D3-B3A5E5491E8B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629922379302" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="POPPLE, L. W." docDate="2013" docId="03FC8964FF8DAE1FFF62FB70D2054035" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03730p102.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3730 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3730.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Pauropsalta kobongoides POPPLE 2013, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="67" masterDocId="FFC5F11CFFB3AE5CFFF5FFDCD31E412E" masterDocTitle="&lt;p class = &quot; HeadingRunIn &quot; align = &quot; left &quot;&gt; &lt;strong&gt; A revision of the &lt;em&gt; Pauropsalta annulata &lt;/ em&gt; Goding &amp; amp; Froggatt species group (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) based on morphology, calling songs and ecology, with investigations into calling song structure, molecular phylogenetic relationships and a case of hybridisation between two subspecies &lt;/ strong&gt; &lt;/ p&gt;" masterLastPageNumber="102" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="63" updateTime="1699128074698" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="2523C48F3C80CFBEB146412E4EB50253">&lt;p class = &quot; HeadingRunIn &quot; align = &quot; left &quot;&gt; &lt;strong&gt; A revision of the &lt;em&gt; Pauropsalta annulata &lt;/ em&gt; Goding &amp; amp; Froggatt species group (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) based on morphology, calling songs and ecology, with investigations into calling song structure, molecular phylogenetic relationships and a case of hybridisation between two subspecies &lt;/ strong&gt; &lt;/ p&gt;</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="41F063D246563FB0A86D2F113ADCEDAA">POPPLE, L. W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="A6196560CC1C9B36D0B44156AF093B2D">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="AAD478D7261ACE4EF3407E6EDDFEA4FE">2013-10-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B4866B8FC767AF7EABDC399FA9570A41">3730</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="E696390DACCA122A96307D7A65439C43">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="03FC8964FF8DAE1FFF62FB70D2054035" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270968" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5270968" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FC8964FF8DAE1FFF62FB70D2054035" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FC8964FF8DAE1FFF62FB70D2054035" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<subSubSection id="C34F6BF9FF8DAE62FF62FB70D13245E8" box="[151,556,1196,1222]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BEA3872FF8DAE62FF62FB70D13245E8" blockId="62.[151,654,1196,1255]" box="[151,556,1196,1222]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<heading id="D0A28F1EFF8DAE62FF62FB70D13245E8" bold="true" box="[151,556,1196,1222]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" reason="4">
<emphasis id="B921E460FF8DAE62FF62FB70D13245E8" bold="true" box="[151,556,1196,1222]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C5543F1FF8DAE62FF62FB70D2D945E8" ID-CoL="75V89" authority="POPPLE, 2013" authorityName="POPPLE" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,455,1196,1222]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pauropsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kobongoides" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B921E460FF8DAE62FF62FB70D2D945E8" bold="true" box="[151,455,1196,1222]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Pauropsalta kobongoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A212591BFF8DAE62FE3AFB70D13245E8" box="[463,556,1196,1222]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="C34F6BF9FF8DAE1EFF62FB12D3CA4553" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEA3872FF8DAE62FF62FB12D19045C9" blockId="62.[151,654,1196,1255]" box="[151,654,1230,1255]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
(
<figureCitation id="136E24F7FF8DAE62FF6AFB12D3E745C9" box="[159,249,1230,1255]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="10.[151,249,1642,1664]" captionTargetBox="[200,1405,193,1621]" captionTargetId="figure-232@10.[181,1406,193,1621]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 2. Oscillograms providing a comparison of the calling song structure of each taxon (and hybrid population) in the Pauropsalta annulata species group: (A) Pauropsalta annulata Goding and Froggatt, Eidsvold (25°22'S 151°07'E), (B) P. notialis notialis subsp. nov., Concord (33°51'S 151°06'E); (C) P. n. incitata subsp. nov., Eidsvold (25°22'S 151°07'E); (D) P.n. notialisxincitata hybrid, Upper Yarraman (26°54'S 151°54'E); (E) P. tremula sp. nov., Lake Broadwater (27°21'S 151°06'E); (F) P. blackdownensis sp. nov., Blackdown Tableland (23°44'S 149°07'E); (G) P. simplex sp. nov., Atherton (17°16'S 145°29'E); (H) P. granitica sp. nov., 7km SE. of Mount Carbine (16°34'S 145°10'E); (I) P. subtropica sp. nov., Auburn River National Park (25°43'S 151°03'E); (J) P. torrensis sp. nov., Torrens Creek (20°47'S 145°01'E); (K) P. decora sp. nov., 82km N. of St George (27°23'S 148°52'E); (L) P. kobongoides sp. nov., Weengallon (28°22'S 149°03'E); (M) P. corymbiae sp. nov., Bull's Gully via Adavale (25°58'S 144°59'E); (N) P. inversa sp. nov., Eidsvold (25°22'S 151°07'E); (O) P. rubristrigata (Goding and Froggatt), Nimmitabel (36°31'S 149°14'E); (P) P. ayrensis Ewart, Eidsvold (25°22'S 151°07'E). All recordings were made with RS1, except (M) and (O), which were obtained by A. Ewart with RS3 and the author using RS5, respectively (see methods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5268480/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs 2L</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136E24F7FF8DAE62FEF1FB12D23045C9" box="[260,302,1230,1255]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,249,1414,1436]" captionTargetBox="[194,1391,196,1392]" captionTargetId="figure-345@14.[191,1395,193,1392]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Illustrations of male right timbals, with dorsal edge at left and posterior margin at bottom: (A–B) Pauropsalta annulata Goding and Froggatt, Lake Dyer (27°38'S 152°22'E) and Charlevue Creek (23°41'S 149°08'E) respectively; (C) P. notialis notialis subsp. nov., Concord (33°51'S 151°06'E); (D) P. n. incitata subsp. nov., Barakula State Forest via Chinchilla (26°15'S 150°49'E); (E) P. n. notialisxincitata hybrid, Atkinsons Dam (27°26'S 152°27'E); (F) P. tremula sp. nov., Lake Broadwater (27°21'S 151°06'E); (G) P. blackdownensis sp. nov., Blackdown Tableland (23°47'S 149°00'E); (H) P. simplex sp. nov., Atherton (17°16'S 145°29'E); (I) P. granitica sp. nov., 7km SE. of Mount Carbine (16°34'S 145°10'E); (J) P. subtropica sp. nov., 1km N. of Auburn River National Park (25°43'S 151°03'E); (K) P. torrensis sp. nov., Torrens Creek (20°47'S 145°01'E); (L) P. decora sp. nov., 82km N. of St George (27°23'S 148°52'E); (M) P. kobongoides sp. nov., 65km NNE. of St George (27°32'S 148°50'E); (N) P. corymbiae sp. nov., Bull's Gully via Adavale (25°58'S 144°59'E); (O) P. inversa sp. nov., Eidsvold (25°22'S 151°07'E); (P) P. rubristrigata (Goding and Froggatt), Mt Lofty (34°59'S 138°43'E); (Q–R) P. ayrensis Ewart, (Q) 1km N. of Maroon Dam (28°11'S 152°39'E), (R) Mount Surprise (18°09'S 144°19'E). Scaling is the same for all illustrations except (P), which is scaled differently to the rest." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268486" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5268486/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">4M</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136E24F7FF8DAE62FECCFB12D27245C9" box="[313,364,1230,1255]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="52.[151,249,1589,1611]" captionTargetBox="[208,1378,307,1568]" captionTargetId="figure-265@52.[199,1387,301,1568]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 31. Illustrations of male right opercula, with medial margin at bottom: (A) Pauropsalta subtropica sp. nov., 1km N. of Auburn River National Park (25°43'S 151°03'E); (B) P. torrensis sp. nov., Torrens Creek (20°47'S 145°01'E); (C) P. decora sp. nov., 82km N. of St George (27°23'S 148°52'E); (D) P. kobongoides sp. nov., 65km NNE. of St George (27°32'S 148°50'E); (E) P. corymbiae sp. nov., Bull's Gully via Adavale (25°58'S 144°59'E); (F) P. inversa sp. nov., Eidsvold (25°22'S 151°07'E); (G) P. rubristrigata (Goding and Froggatt), Mt Lofty (34°59'S 138°43'E); (H–I) P. ayrensis Ewart, (H) 1km N. of Maroon Dam (28°11'S 152°39'E), (I) Mount Surprise (18°09'S 144°19'E). Scaling is the same for all illustrations except (G), which is scaled differently to the rest." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5268560/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">31D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136E24F7FF8DAE62FE8DFB12D2D545C9" box="[376,459,1230,1255]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="58.[151,250,1473,1495]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,379,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-313@58.[151,1436,373,1451]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIGURE 35. (A–B) Pauropsalta decora sp. nov., 82km N. of St George (27°23'S 148°52'E), (A) male, (B) female; (C–D) P. kobongoides sp. nov., (C) male, 65km NNE. of St George (27°32'S 148°50'E), (D) female, Wagga Wagga (35°08'S 147°21'E); (E-F) P. corymbiae sp. nov., Bull's Gully via Adavale (25°58'S 144°59'E), (E) male, (F) female. Approximately 1.6x natural size." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5268568/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">35C–D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136E24F7FF8DAE62FE23FB12D2EA45C9" box="[470,500,1230,1255]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="59.[151,249,1560,1582]" captionTargetBox="[400,1188,181,1539]" captionTargetId="figure-194@59.[398,1188,167,1539]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="FIGURE 36. Map of eastern Australia showing the geographical distribution of Pauropsalta decora sp. nov. and P. kobongoides sp. nov. Large symbols represent specimen records (see type data), and small symbols represent aural records (some recorded)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5268572/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">36</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136E24F7FF8DAE62FDF5FB12D12D45C9" box="[512,563,1230,1255]" captionStart="FIGURE 39" captionStartId="63.[151,249,1771,1793]" captionTargetBox="[203,1365,339,1750]" captionTargetId="figure-146@63.[203,1383,337,1750]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURE 39. Illustrations of male pygofer and internal genitalia, viewed ventrally (left) and laterally from left (right): (A) Pauropsalta kobongoides sp. nov., 65km NNE. of St George (27°32'S 148°50'E); (B) P. corymbiae sp. nov., Bull's Gully via Adavale (25°58'S 144°59'E); (C) P. inversa sp. nov., Eidsvold (25°22'S 151°07'E); (D) P. rubristrigata (Goding and Froggatt), Mt Lofty (34°59'S 138°43'E); (E–F) P. ayrensis Ewart, (E) Eidsvold (25°22'S 151°07'E), (F) Mount Surprise (18°09'S 144°19'E). Scaling is the same for all illustrations except (D), which is scaled differently to the rest." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268578" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5268578/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">39A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136E24F7FF8DAE62FDCAFB12D19845C9" box="[575,646,1230,1255]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 40" captionStart-1="FIGURE 41" captionStart-2="FIGURE 42" captionStartId-0="64.[151,249,1435,1457]" captionStartId-1="65.[151,249,1727,1749]" captionStartId-2="67.[151,249,1016,1038]" captionTargetBox-0="[245,1342,199,1413]" captionTargetBox-1="[204,1383,193,1706]" captionTargetBox-2="[202,1388,339,994]" captionTargetId-0="figure-231@64.[244,1343,193,1413]" captionTargetId-1="figure-137@65.[204,1383,193,1706]" captionTargetId-2="figure-482@67.[198,1388,339,994]" captionTargetPageId-0="64" captionTargetPageId-1="65" captionTargetPageId-2="67" captionText-0="FIGURE 40. Structure of the buzzing component of the male calling song of Pauropsalta kobongoides sp. nov. illustrated in expanded waveform plots (explained in Fig. 8). The spectrograms at the bottom of the figure display song frequency, for modulates between different parts of the buzzing component. This specimen was recorded in the field at Weengallon (28°22'S 149°03'E)." captionText-1="FIGURE 41. Structure of the lilting component of the male calling song of Pauropsalta kobongoides sp. nov. illustrated in expanded waveform plots (explained in Fig. 8). The spectrogram at the bottom of the figure displays song frequency for the lilting component. This recording is a continuation of the one illustrated in Figure 40 from Weengallon (28°22'S 149°03'E)." captionText-2="FIGURE 42. Waveform plots illustrating the lilting component of the male calling song of Pauropsalta kobongoides sp. nov. from four different localities, including: (i) Weengallon (28°22'S 149°03'E), (ii) Barmedman (34°09'S 147°23'E), (iii) Mount Hope (32°50'S 145°53'E), and (iv) Narromine (32°20'S 148°14'E). Mean phrase repetition rates (PRR) for each recording are provided to the right of each plot for reference. Recording (i) was made using RS1, while all other recordings were made using RS5 (see methods)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268580" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268582" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268584" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5268580/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5268582/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5268584/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">40–42</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA3872FF8DAE62FF62FACAD2FD44CD" blockId="62.[151,1437,1302,2011]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B921E460FF8DAE62FF62FACAD3FB4401" bold="true" box="[151,229,1302,1327]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Types:</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54EE86D0FF8DAE62FF06FACAD27A4401" box="[243,356,1302,1327]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
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<specimenCount id="9D53F3FBFF8DAE62FE83FACBD2954400" box="[374,395,1303,1326]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
‘
<collectingCountry id="F34278E2FF8DAE62FE68FACAD15B4401" box="[413,581,1302,1327]" name="Australia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">AUSTRALIA</collectingCountry>
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, ‘
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, ‘
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NNE. of St George’, ‘
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, ‘
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&amp;
<collectorName id="26A05DA4FF8DAE62FE5BFAE7D121447D" box="[430,575,1338,1363]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">R. MacSloy’</collectorName>
, ‘443-0001’, ‘
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1563269’ (
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;
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<emphasis id="B921E460FF8DAE62FBA5FAE6D7CC447D" bold="true" box="[1104,1234,1338,1363]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<typeStatus id="54EE86D0FF8DAE62FBA5FAE6D7D2447D" box="[1104,1228,1338,1363]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="4991F690FF8DAE62FB2DFAE6D687447D" box="[1240,1433,1338,1363]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">QUEENSLAND</collectingRegion>
:
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<geoCoordinate id="EE615EB5FF8DAE62FEB2FA82D2C64459" box="[327,472,1374,1399]" degrees="148" direction="east" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" precision="15" seconds="25" value="148.84027">148°50'25&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
,
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NNE. of
<location id="8E8A6EA9FF8DAE62FD64FA82D01D4459" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FC8964FF8DAE1FFF62FB70D2054035:8E8A6EA9FF8DAE62FD64FA82D01D4459" box="[657,771,1374,1399]" country="Australia" latitude="-27.533611" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="148.84027" name="St George" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" stateProvince="Queensland">St George</location>
,
<date id="FFEB1EB2FF8DAE62FCFBFA82D0724459" box="[782,876,1374,1399]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" value="2005-01-09">
<collectingDate id="EFAFE75AFF8DAE62FCFBFA82D0724459" box="[782,876,1374,1399]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" value="2005-01-09">9.i.2005</collectingDate>
</date>
,
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,
<collectorName id="26A05DA4FF8DAE62FC1BFA82D7224459" box="[1006,1084,1374,1399]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Popple</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26A05DA4FF8DAE62FB95FA82D7D84459" box="[1120,1222,1374,1399]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">MacSloy</collectorName>
, 443-0002 (
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<collectionCode id="ED44A0B7FF8DAE62FAB8FA82D6944459" box="[1357,1418,1374,1399]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">LWP</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
)
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;
<materialsCitation id="3B3D322FFF8DAE62FF62FA5FD67944B5" box="[151,1383,1410,1435]" collectingDate="2010-11-21" collectionCode="LWP" collectorName="Popple &amp; Emery" country="Australia" location="Mount Hope" longitude="145.8814" municipality="Ex" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="New South Wales" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="4991F690FF8DAE62FF62FA5FD2B244B5" box="[151,428,1410,1435]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">NEW SOUTH WALES</collectingRegion>
:
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32°50'25&quot;
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8EA208FF8DAE62FDA2FA5ED16744B5" box="[599,633,1410,1435]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Ex</collectingMunicipality>
<geoCoordinate id="EE615EB5FF8DAE62FD8FFA5ED01644B5" box="[634,776,1410,1435]" degrees="145" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" precision="15" seconds="53" value="145.8814">145°52'53&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
,
<location id="8E8A6EA9FF8DAE62FCEDFA5FD0B344B4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FC8964FF8DAE1FFF62FB70D2054035:8E8A6EA9FF8DAE62FCEDFA5FD0B344B4" box="[792,941,1411,1434]" country="Australia" longitude="145.8814" municipality="Ex" name="Mount Hope" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" stateProvince="New South Wales">Mount Hope</location>
,
<date id="FFEB1EB2FF8DAE62FC48FA5ED72844B5" box="[957,1078,1410,1435]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" value="2010-11-21">
<collectingDate id="EFAFE75AFF8DAE62FC48FA5ED72844B5" box="[957,1078,1410,1435]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" value="2010-11-21">21.xi.2010</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26A05DA4FF8DAE62FBB3FA5ED78A44B5" box="[1094,1172,1410,1435]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Popple</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26A05DA4FF8DAE62FB35FA5FD61544B5" box="[1216,1291,1411,1435]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Emery</collectorName>
(
<emphasis id="B921E460FF8DAE62FAEAFA5ED64244B5" bold="true" box="[1311,1372,1410,1435]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<collectionCode id="ED44A0B7FF8DAE62FAEAFA5ED64244B5" box="[1311,1372,1410,1435]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">LWP</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B3D322FFF8DAE62FA8CFA5ED0534491" collectingDate="1976-12-27" collectionCode="MSM" collectorName="Daniels" country="Australia" location="Round Hill Nature Reserve" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="NEW SOUTH WALES" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D53F3FBFF8DAE62FA8CFA5ED68244B5" box="[1401,1436,1410,1435]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<location id="8E8A6EA9FF8DAE62FF62FA7AD2FB4490" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FC8964FF8DAE1FFF62FB70D2054035:8E8A6EA9FF8DAE62FF62FA7AD2FB4490" box="[151,485,1446,1471]" country="Australia" name="Round Hill Nature Reserve" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" stateProvince="NEW SOUTH WALES">Round Hill Nature Reserve</location>
,
<date id="FFEB1EB2FF8DAE62FE0CFA7AD1654491" box="[505,635,1446,1471]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" value="1976-12-27">
<collectingDate id="EFAFE75AFF8DAE62FE0CFA7AD1654491" box="[505,635,1446,1471]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" value="1976-12-27">27.xii.1976</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26A05DA4FF8DAE62FD7AFA7AD1FA4491" box="[655,740,1446,1471]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Daniels</collectorName>
(
<emphasis id="B921E460FF8DAE62FD0BFA7AD05C4491" bold="true" box="[766,834,1446,1471]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<collectionCode id="ED44A0B7FF8DAE62FD0BFA7AD05C4491" box="[766,834,1446,1471]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z37t-cwh9" name="Marine Science Museum, Tokai Univ." pageId="62" pageNumber="63">MSM</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B3D322FFF8DAE62FC96FA7AD2C044CD" collectingDate="1900-12-11" collectionCode="ANIC" collectorName="W. W. Froggatt's" country="Australia" location="Wagga" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="NEW SOUTH WALES" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D53F3FBFF8DAE62FC96FA7AD0984491" box="[867,902,1446,1471]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<location id="8E8A6EA9FF8DAE62FC63FA7BD0FD4491" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FC8964FF8DAE1FFF62FB70D2054035:8E8A6EA9FF8DAE62FC63FA7BD0FD4491" box="[918,995,1447,1471]" country="Australia" name="Wagga" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" stateProvince="NEW SOUTH WALES">Wagga</location>
[Wagga] N.S.W.,
<date id="FFEB1EB2FF8DAE62FB3CFA7AD6544491" box="[1225,1354,1446,1471]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" value="1900-12-11">
<collectingDate id="EFAFE75AFF8DAE62FB3CFA7AD6544491" box="[1225,1354,1446,1471]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" value="1900-12-11">11.xii.1900</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26A05DA4FF8DAE62FAABFA7BD21844CD" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">W.W. Froggatt's</collectorName>
collection (
<emphasis id="B921E460FF8DAE62FE7EFA16D2CD44CD" bold="true" box="[395,467,1482,1507]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<collectionCode id="ED44A0B7FF8DAE62FE7EFA16D2CD44CD" box="[395,467,1482,1507]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">ANIC</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA3872FF8DAE62FF34FA32D6514664" blockId="62.[151,1437,1302,2011]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B921E460FF8DAE62FF34FA32D2864729" bold="true" box="[193,408,1518,1543]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Description. Male</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="136E24F7FF8DAE62FE59FA32D10C4729" box="[428,530,1518,1543]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,249,1414,1436]" captionTargetBox="[194,1391,196,1392]" captionTargetId="figure-345@14.[191,1395,193,1392]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Illustrations of male right timbals, with dorsal edge at left and posterior margin at bottom: (A–B) Pauropsalta annulata Goding and Froggatt, Lake Dyer (27°38'S 152°22'E) and Charlevue Creek (23°41'S 149°08'E) respectively; (C) P. notialis notialis subsp. nov., Concord (33°51'S 151°06'E); (D) P. n. incitata subsp. nov., Barakula State Forest via Chinchilla (26°15'S 150°49'E); (E) P. n. notialisxincitata hybrid, Atkinsons Dam (27°26'S 152°27'E); (F) P. tremula sp. nov., Lake Broadwater (27°21'S 151°06'E); (G) P. blackdownensis sp. nov., Blackdown Tableland (23°47'S 149°00'E); (H) P. simplex sp. nov., Atherton (17°16'S 145°29'E); (I) P. granitica sp. nov., 7km SE. of Mount Carbine (16°34'S 145°10'E); (J) P. subtropica sp. nov., 1km N. of Auburn River National Park (25°43'S 151°03'E); (K) P. torrensis sp. nov., Torrens Creek (20°47'S 145°01'E); (L) P. decora sp. nov., 82km N. of St George (27°23'S 148°52'E); (M) P. kobongoides sp. nov., 65km NNE. of St George (27°32'S 148°50'E); (N) P. corymbiae sp. nov., Bull's Gully via Adavale (25°58'S 144°59'E); (O) P. inversa sp. nov., Eidsvold (25°22'S 151°07'E); (P) P. rubristrigata (Goding and Froggatt), Mt Lofty (34°59'S 138°43'E); (Q–R) P. ayrensis Ewart, (Q) 1km N. of Maroon Dam (28°11'S 152°39'E), (R) Mount Surprise (18°09'S 144°19'E). Scaling is the same for all illustrations except (P), which is scaled differently to the rest." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268486" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5268486/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs 4M</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136E24F7FF8DAE62FDD4FA32D14D4729" box="[545,595,1518,1543]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="52.[151,249,1589,1611]" captionTargetBox="[208,1378,307,1568]" captionTargetId="figure-265@52.[199,1387,301,1568]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 31. Illustrations of male right opercula, with medial margin at bottom: (A) Pauropsalta subtropica sp. nov., 1km N. of Auburn River National Park (25°43'S 151°03'E); (B) P. torrensis sp. nov., Torrens Creek (20°47'S 145°01'E); (C) P. decora sp. nov., 82km N. of St George (27°23'S 148°52'E); (D) P. kobongoides sp. nov., 65km NNE. of St George (27°32'S 148°50'E); (E) P. corymbiae sp. nov., Bull's Gully via Adavale (25°58'S 144°59'E); (F) P. inversa sp. nov., Eidsvold (25°22'S 151°07'E); (G) P. rubristrigata (Goding and Froggatt), Mt Lofty (34°59'S 138°43'E); (H–I) P. ayrensis Ewart, (H) 1km N. of Maroon Dam (28°11'S 152°39'E), (I) Mount Surprise (18°09'S 144°19'E). Scaling is the same for all illustrations except (G), which is scaled differently to the rest." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5268560/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">31D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136E24F7FF8DAE62FD96FA32D18A4729" box="[611,660,1518,1543]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="58.[151,250,1473,1495]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,379,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-313@58.[151,1436,373,1451]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIGURE 35. (A–B) Pauropsalta decora sp. nov., 82km N. of St George (27°23'S 148°52'E), (A) male, (B) female; (C–D) P. kobongoides sp. nov., (C) male, 65km NNE. of St George (27°32'S 148°50'E), (D) female, Wagga Wagga (35°08'S 147°21'E); (E-F) P. corymbiae sp. nov., Bull's Gully via Adavale (25°58'S 144°59'E), (E) male, (F) female. Approximately 1.6x natural size." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5268568/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">35C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136E24F7FF8DAE62FD56FA32D1C64729" box="[675,728,1518,1543]" captionStart="FIGURE 39" captionStartId="63.[151,249,1771,1793]" captionTargetBox="[203,1365,339,1750]" captionTargetId="figure-146@63.[203,1383,337,1750]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURE 39. Illustrations of male pygofer and internal genitalia, viewed ventrally (left) and laterally from left (right): (A) Pauropsalta kobongoides sp. nov., 65km NNE. of St George (27°32'S 148°50'E); (B) P. corymbiae sp. nov., Bull's Gully via Adavale (25°58'S 144°59'E); (C) P. inversa sp. nov., Eidsvold (25°22'S 151°07'E); (D) P. rubristrigata (Goding and Froggatt), Mt Lofty (34°59'S 138°43'E); (E–F) P. ayrensis Ewart, (E) Eidsvold (25°22'S 151°07'E), (F) Mount Surprise (18°09'S 144°19'E). Scaling is the same for all illustrations except (D), which is scaled differently to the rest." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268578" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5268578/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">39A</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B921E460FF8DAE62FD1BFA32D0354729" box="[750,811,1518,1543]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Head</emphasis>
. Dorsal surface black with a yellow-brown triangular depression between the lateral ocelli, pointing anteriorly, with flat side against posterior margin of head; long silver pubescence behind eyes, with shorter yellow pubescence over remainder. Genae black, with long silver pubescence; vertex black with contrasting yellow lobes. Mandibular plate black with an outer narrow pale marginal ridge, extending to suture between genae; long silver pubescence. Antennae dark brown to black. Ocelli pinkishred. Eyes bright red in live specimens, often darkening to dark red or reddish-brown in dried specimens; distinct furrow between eyes and pronotum. Postclypeus black anteriorly, with pinkish-brown margin and a small yellow dorsal spot on midline extending onto dorsal surface; short and long silver pubescence along ventral surface except down midline; short yellow pubescence along posterior ventral surface. Anteclypeus black, with long silver pubescence. Rostrum pale brown grading to black apically, with silver pubescence; extending to mid coxae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA3872FF8DAE63FF34F88AD2654033" blockId="62.[151,1437,1302,2011]" lastBlockId="63.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="63" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B921E460FF8DAE62FF34F88AD20C4641" box="[193,274,1878,1903]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Thorax</emphasis>
. Pronotum black; central fascia yellow to yellow-brown, forming a smear that tapers posterior to head, but not extending to posterior or anterior margins; silver–yellow pubescence, especially along oblique fissures; pronotal collar yellow to yellow-brown, paler laterally. Mesonotum, including submedial and lateral sigilla, matte to slightly glossy black, with narrow, yellow to yellow-brown, dorsolateral fasciae present between submedial and lateral sigilla, never fused medially; narrow, yellow to yellow-brown elongate fasciae sometimes also present along lateral margins; cruciform elevation yellow-brown to orange-brown, black anteriorly and on surrounding posterior mesonotum; ridges between wing grooves orange-brown; silver–yellow pubescence, most evident around cruciform elevation.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2A68FAFF8CAE63FF62F937D7964652" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268578" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5268578" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5268578/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" startId="63.[151,249,1771,1793]" targetBox="[203,1365,339,1750]" targetPageId="63">
<paragraph id="8BEA3872FF8CAE63FF62F937D7964652" blockId="63.[151,1436,1771,1916]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B921E460FF8CAE63FF62F937D23C462F" bold="true" box="[151,290,1771,1793]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">FIGURE 39.</emphasis>
Illustrations of male pygofer and internal genitalia, viewed ventrally (left) and laterally from left (right): (A)
<taxonomicName id="4C5543F1FF8CAE63FF62F8D6D284460E" authority="POPPLE, 2013" authorityName="POPPLE" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,410,1802,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pauropsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kobongoides" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B921E460FF8CAE63FF62F8D6D284460E" box="[151,410,1802,1824]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Pauropsalta kobongoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B921E460FF8CAE63FE57F8D6D2EA460E" bold="true" box="[418,500,1802,1824]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A212591BFF8CAE63FE57F8D6D2EA460E" box="[418,500,1802,1824]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, 65km NNE. of St George (27°32'S 148°50'E); (B)
<taxonomicName id="4C5543F1FF8CAE63FBF8F8D7D78C460E" authority="POPPLE, 2013" authorityName="POPPLE" authorityYear="2013" box="[1037,1170,1802,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pauropsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corymbiae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B921E460FF8CAE63FBF8F8D7D78C460E" box="[1037,1170,1802,1824]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">P. corymbiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B921E460FF8CAE63FB6FF8D6D7F2460E" bold="true" box="[1178,1260,1802,1824]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A212591BFF8CAE63FB6FF8D6D7F2460E" box="[1178,1260,1802,1824]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, Bull's Gully via Adavale (25°58'S 144°59'E); (C)
<taxonomicName id="4C5543F1FF8CAE63FE19F8F5D1514610" authority="POPPLE, 2013" authorityName="POPPLE" authorityYear="2013" box="[492,591,1833,1854]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pauropsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inversa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B921E460FF8CAE63FE19F8F5D1514610" box="[492,591,1833,1854]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">P. inversa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B921E460FF8CAE63FDA0F8F4D1B84610" bold="true" box="[597,678,1832,1854]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A212591BFF8CAE63FDA0F8F4D1B84610" box="[597,678,1832,1854]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, Eidsvold (25°22'S 151°07'E); (D)
<taxonomicName id="4C5543F1FF8CAE63FBFAF8F5D6864610" authority="(Goding and Froggatt)" baseAuthorityName="Goding and Froggatt" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[1039,1432,1832,1854]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pauropsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubristrigata">
<emphasis id="B921E460FF8CAE63FBFAF8F5D7B54610" box="[1039,1195,1832,1854]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">P. rubristrigata</emphasis>
(Goding and Froggatt)
</taxonomicName>
, Mt Lofty (34°59'S 138°43'E); (E–F)
<taxonomicName id="4C5543F1FF8CAE63FDDFF894D1F64673" authority="Ewart" authorityName="Ewart, Eidsvold" authorityYear="1989" box="[554,744,1864,1885]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pauropsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ayrensis">
<emphasis id="B921E460FF8CAE63FDDFF894D1824673" box="[554,668,1864,1885]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">P. ayrensis</emphasis>
Ewart
</taxonomicName>
, (E) Eidsvold (25°22'S 151°07'E), (F) Mount Surprise (18°09'S 144°19'E). Scaling is the same for all illustrations except (D), which is scaled differently to the rest.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2A68FAFFF3AE1CFF62FA47D21D4723" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268580" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5268580" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5268580/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" startId="64.[151,249,1435,1457]" targetBox="[245,1342,199,1413]" targetPageId="64">
<paragraph id="8BEA3872FFF3AE1CFF62FA47D21D4723" blockId="64.[151,1436,1435,1549]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF3AE1CFF62FA47D23E449F" bold="true" box="[151,288,1435,1457]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">FIGURE 40.</emphasis>
Structure of the buzzing component of the male calling song of
<taxonomicName id="4C5543F1FFF3AE1CFC4DFA47D7A5449F" authority="POPPLE, 2013" authorityName="POPPLE" authorityYear="2013" box="[952,1211,1435,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pauropsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kobongoides" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF3AE1CFC4DFA47D7A5449F" box="[952,1211,1435,1457]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Pauropsalta kobongoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF3AE1CFB36FA47D60A449F" bold="true" box="[1219,1300,1435,1457]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A212591BFFF3AE1CFB36FA47D60A449F" box="[1219,1300,1435,1457]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
illustrated in expanded waveform plots (explained in Fig. 8). The spectrograms at the bottom of the figure display song frequency, for modulates between different parts of the buzzing component. This specimen was recorded in the field at Weengallon (28°22'S 149°03'E).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BEA3872FFF3AE1CFF34F9E9D3F84797" blockId="64.[151,1437,1588,1973]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF3AE1CFF34F9E9D3E84762" box="[193,246,1589,1612]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Legs</emphasis>
. Coxae black with yellow-brown apex; fore femora black with broad, dark yellow-brown longitudinal fasciae; mid and hind femora dark brown to black, yellow-brown apically; fore and mid tibiae medium to dark brown; hind tibiae pale to medium brown; tarsi and claws medium brown, pale brown on hind legs; spines dark brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA3872FFF3AE1CFF34F919D683460B" blockId="64.[151,1437,1588,1973]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF3AE1CFF34F919D21B47F2" box="[193,261,1733,1756]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Wings</emphasis>
. Fore wing venation pale to dark brown, becoming darker towards apical cells and ambient veins; fore wing costal veins pale brown; slight angulation of fore wings at node; pterostigma pale yellow-brown; hind wing infuscation at the juncture of the anal lobe and wing margin, surrounding the distal termination of vein 2A, distinct.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA3872FFF3AE1CFF34F8ECD19D4642" blockId="64.[151,1437,1588,1973]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF3AE1CFF34F8ECD2044667" box="[193,282,1840,1865]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Timbals</emphasis>
. Long ribs 1–2 fused ventrally; long ribs 1–4 fused dorsally to basal spur. Long rib 5 fused to anterior cuticle; adjacent intercalary rib still present.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA3872FFF3AE1CFF34F8A4D2D0469B" blockId="64.[151,1437,1588,1973]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF3AE1CFF34F8A4D23446BF" box="[193,298,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Opercula</emphasis>
. Roughly sickle-shaped, obliquely elongated; central region domed, black; medial and lateral margins black; parallel to body axis.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2A68FAFFF2AE1DFF62F963D667463C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268582" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5268582" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5268582/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" startId="65.[151,249,1727,1749]" targetBox="[204,1383,193,1706]" targetPageId="65">
<paragraph id="8BEA3872FFF2AE1DFF62F963D667463C" blockId="65.[151,1435,1727,1810]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF2AE1DFF62F963D23F47FB" bold="true" box="[151,289,1727,1749]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">FIGURE 41.</emphasis>
Structure of the lilting component of the male calling song of
<taxonomicName id="4C5543F1FFF2AE1DFC47F963D7A947FB" authority="POPPLE, 2013" authorityName="POPPLE" authorityYear="2013" box="[946,1207,1727,1749]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pauropsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kobongoides" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF2AE1DFC47F963D7A947FB" box="[946,1207,1727,1749]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Pauropsalta kobongoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF2AE1DFB4AF963D60F47FB" bold="true" box="[1215,1297,1727,1749]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A212591BFFF2AE1DFB4AF963D60F47FB" box="[1215,1297,1727,1749]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
illustrated in expanded waveform plots (explained in Fig. 8). The spectrogram at the bottom of the figure displays song frequency for the lilting component. This recording is a continuation of the one illustrated in Figure 40 from Weengallon (28°22'S 149°03'E).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BEA3872FFF2AE1DFF34F8E3D00E468E" blockId="65.[151,1436,1855,2024]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF2AE1DFF34F8E3D2354676" box="[193,299,1855,1880]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Abdomen</emphasis>
. Tergites mainly black with contrasting yellow-brown posterior margins on tergites 3 to 8; silver short pubescence conspicuous laterally. Sternites yellow to yellow-brown with discontinuous black medial fascia (weakly expressed or almost absent in some specimens).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA3872FFF2AE1EFF34F877D20E406E" blockId="65.[151,1436,1855,2024]" lastBlockId="66.[151,1440,151,2013]" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF2AE1DFF34F877D23546EA" box="[193,299,1963,1988]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Genitalia</emphasis>
. Pygofer black anteriorly, grading to yellow-brown posteriorly; upper lobes prominent, erect, roughly terminally rounded with a slightly hooked appearance; lower lobes weakly distinct, bulbous, with an inner tooth strongly developed on each lobe; inner lobes enlarged, acute, posteriorly tapering; claspers with a pair of hooked processes; aedeagus with dorsal pseudoparameres that bifurcate and join theca near gonocoxite IX; pseudoparameres apically curved, tapering; theca gradually curved posteriorly, sclerotized, weakly tapering posteriorly; apex simple, with small spine ornamentation and two large spines giving the appearance of a ventral projection.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA3872FFF1AE1EFF34FE90D6944386" blockId="66.[151,1440,151,2013]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF1AE1EFF34FE90D206404B" bold="true" box="[193,280,332,357]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Female</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="136E24F7FFF1AE1EFED2FE90D291404B" box="[295,399,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="58.[151,250,1473,1495]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,379,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-313@58.[151,1436,373,1451]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIGURE 35. (A–B) Pauropsalta decora sp. nov., 82km N. of St George (27°23'S 148°52'E), (A) male, (B) female; (C–D) P. kobongoides sp. nov., (C) male, 65km NNE. of St George (27°32'S 148°50'E), (D) female, Wagga Wagga (35°08'S 147°21'E); (E-F) P. corymbiae sp. nov., Bull's Gully via Adavale (25°58'S 144°59'E), (E) male, (F) female. Approximately 1.6x natural size." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5268568/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 35D</figureCitation>
). Similar colouration and patterning to male. Head similar in colour to that of male with eyes red to dark red. Pronotum black; central fascia yellow-brown, forming a smear that tapers proximally and distally, not reaching anterior or near posterior margins. Mesonotum similar in colour to that of male, with conspicuous yellow-brown dorsolateral fasciae between the median and lateral sigilla and additional fasciae along lateral margins; dorsolateral fasciae vaguely triangular, not fused medially; lateral fasciae narrow. Legs similar in colour to those of male. Abdomen with tergites similar in colour to those of male, with posterior tergite margins typically yellow-brown to medium brown; abdominal segment 9 medium brown to yellow-brown with a pair of longitudinal, near-dorsal, black fasciae that extend to the anterior edge and ventrolaterally to some extent; sternites with a broad, black fascia distributed medially along sternites II to VII, and which tapers posteriorly; margins of sternites yellowbrown to medium brown; ovipositor sheath extending up to
<quantity id="4CAD9597FFF1AE1EFCC2FD53D0934389" box="[823,909,655,680]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
beyond termination of abdominal segment 9.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA3872FFF1AE1EFF34FD68D7C742C3" blockId="66.[151,1440,151,2013]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF1AE1EFF34FD68D2CA43E3" bold="true" box="[193,468,692,717]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Distinguishing features</emphasis>
. Males of
<taxonomicName id="4C5543F1FFF1AE1EFDBFFD69D1EC43E3" authorityName="POPPLE" authorityYear="2013" box="[586,754,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pauropsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kobongoides">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF1AE1EFDBFFD69D1EC43E3" box="[586,754,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">P. kobongoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from all other species in the
<taxonomicName id="4C5543F1FFF1AE1EFAE8FD69D68243E3" authorityName="Goding and Froggatt, Eidsvold" authorityYear="1904" box="[1309,1436,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pauropsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annulata">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF1AE1EFAE8FD69D68243E3" box="[1309,1436,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">P. annulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group by their unique timbal morphology. The timbal has only four functional long ribs, with long rib 5 fused with the anterior cuticle. They also have entirely black opercula, which is unique within the group, with the exception of
<taxonomicName id="4C5543F1FFF1AE1EFF62FCFDD3E14216" authorityName="POPPLE" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,255,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pauropsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decora">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF1AE1EFF62FCFDD3E14216" box="[151,255,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">P. decora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Females can be distinguished from all other taxa in the
<taxonomicName id="4C5543F1FFF1AE1EFC8DFCFDD0E64216" authorityName="Goding and Froggatt, Eidsvold" authorityYear="1904" box="[888,1016,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pauropsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annulata">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF1AE1EFC8DFCFDD0E64216" box="[888,1016,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">P. annulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex, apart from
<taxonomicName id="4C5543F1FFF1AE1EFB1DFCFDD64C4216" authorityName="POPPLE" authorityYear="2013" box="[1256,1362,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pauropsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decora">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF1AE1EFB1DFCFDD64C4216" box="[1256,1362,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">P. decora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5543F1FFF1AE1EFA72FCFDD3F34273" authorityName="POPPLE" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pauropsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tremula">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF1AE1EFA72FCFDD3F34273" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">P. tremula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, by a combination of their yellow-brown and black colouration, including conspicuous dorsolateral fasciae extending between the submedian and lateral sigilla, and their ovipositor sheath, which extends only slightly beyond the termination of the abdomen. They differ from
<taxonomicName id="4C5543F1FFF1AE1EFCE8FC51D099428B" authorityName="POPPLE" authorityYear="2013" box="[797,903,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pauropsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decora">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF1AE1EFCE8FC51D099428B" box="[797,903,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">P. decora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, by the abdominal sternites being mostly black, and from
<taxonomicName id="4C5543F1FFF1AE1EFEF3FC6DD26742E6" authorityName="POPPLE" authorityYear="2013" box="[262,377,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pauropsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tremula">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF1AE1EFEF3FC6DD26742E6" box="[262,377,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">P. tremula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, by the colouration of the mesonotum on the lateral side, adjacent to the lateral sigilla, being mostly black with pale yellow-brown lateral margins, rather than mainly brown to yellow-brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA3872FFF1AE1EFF34FC2BD3CA4553" blockId="66.[151,1440,151,2013]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF1AE1EFF34FC2BD26E453E" bold="true" box="[193,368,1015,1040]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Measurements</emphasis>
. N=
<specimenCount id="9D53F3FBFFF1AE1EFE59FC2BD2C64521" box="[428,472,1015,1040]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="male">3 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D53F3FBFFF1AE1EFE2AFC2BD1154521" box="[479,523,1015,1040]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
. Ranges and means (in parentheses), mm; BL:
<specimenCount id="9D53F3FBFFF1AE1EFBDDFC24D7234521" box="[1064,1085,1016,1039]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
12.6–13.2 (12.9);
<specimenCount id="9D53F3FBFFF1AE1EFAE5FC24D63B4521" box="[1296,1317,1016,1039]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
11.9–12.5 (12.2); FWL:
<specimenCount id="9D53F3FBFFF1AE1EFECCFBC0D250451D" box="[313,334,1052,1075]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
14.6–15.5 (15.1);
<specimenCount id="9D53F3FBFFF1AE1EFDD3FBC0D125451D" box="[550,571,1052,1075]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
15.1–16.4 (15.8); FWB:
<specimenCount id="9D53F3FBFFF1AE1EFC97FBC0D069451D" box="[866,887,1052,1075]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
5.1–5.5 (5.3);
<specimenCount id="9D53F3FBFFF1AE1EFBD3FBC0D725451D" box="[1062,1083,1052,1075]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
5.5–6.0 (5.8); HW:
<specimenCount id="9D53F3FBFFF1AE1EFADCFBC0D620451D" box="[1321,1342,1052,1075]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
4.2–4.4 (4.3);
<specimenCount id="9D53F3FBFFF1AE1EFF2EFB9CD3EE4579" box="[219,240,1088,1111]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
4.4–4.7 (4.6); PW:
<specimenCount id="9D53F3FBFFF1AE1EFE3AFB9CD2FA4579" box="[463,484,1088,1111]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
3.6–4.0 (3.8);
<specimenCount id="9D53F3FBFFF1AE1EFD7EFB9CD1BE4579" box="[651,672,1088,1111]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
3.5–3.8 (3.7); AW:
<specimenCount id="9D53F3FBFFF1AE1EFC75FB9CD08B4579" box="[896,917,1088,1111]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
3.6–3.8 (3.7);
<specimenCount id="9D53F3FBFFF1AE1EFBC9FB9CD74F4579" box="[1084,1105,1088,1111]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
3.4–3.9 (3.7); OL:
<specimenCount id="9D53F3FBFFF1AE1EFAD9FB9CD65F4579" box="[1324,1345,1088,1111]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
4.2–4.8 (4.5).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34F6BF9FFF1AE1EFF34FB5BD1F745EB" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BEA3872FFF1AE1EFF34FB5BD1F745EB" blockId="66.[151,1440,151,2013]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF1AE1EFF34FB5BD25E458E" bold="true" box="[193,320,1159,1184]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Etymology</emphasis>
. The epithet refers to the close similarity between the calling song and this species and members of the
<taxonomicName id="4C5543F1FFF1AE1EFF35FB70D13C45EB" authority="(Walker)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" box="[192,546,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Kobonga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbrimargo">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF1AE1EFF35FB70D2A745EB" box="[192,441,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Kobonga umbrimargo</emphasis>
(Walker)
</taxonomicName>
species complex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34F6BF9FFF1AE1FFF34FB13D2054035" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BEA3872FFF1AE1EFF34FB13D12F44EE" blockId="66.[151,1440,151,2013]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF1AE1EFF34FB13D2F245C6" bold="true" box="[193,492,1231,1256]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Distribution and Ecology</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="136E24F7FFF1AE1EFE0CFB13D17545C6" box="[505,619,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="59.[151,249,1560,1582]" captionTargetBox="[400,1188,181,1539]" captionTargetId="figure-194@59.[398,1188,167,1539]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="FIGURE 36. Map of eastern Australia showing the geographical distribution of Pauropsalta decora sp. nov. and P. kobongoides sp. nov. Large symbols represent specimen records (see type data), and small symbols represent aural records (some recorded)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5268572/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Figure 36</figureCitation>
). Scattered throughout the southern half of inland
<collectingRegion id="4991F690FFF1AE1EFB6DFB13D60245C6" box="[1176,1308,1231,1256]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Queensland</collectingRegion>
from south of Augathella south-east to Weengallon near Moonie, and inland
<collectingRegion id="4991F690FFF1AE1EFC75FB28D7554423" box="[896,1099,1268,1293]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
from Pilliga State Forest and near Narromine south to Wagga Wagga and west to Mount Hope. It is most prevalent to the north and east of St George in inland southern
<collectingRegion id="4991F690FFF1AE1EFE36FAE0D159447B" box="[451,583,1340,1365]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Queensland</collectingRegion>
and with a population of moderate size to the east of Goolgowi in southern inland
<collectingRegion id="4991F690FFF1AE1EFF11FABCD2B14456" box="[228,431,1375,1400]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
. Populations occur in association with mixed woodland, acacia woodland and scrub, with several individuals recorded on
<taxonomicName id="4C5543F1FFF1AE1EFDF5FA58D1B144B3" box="[512,687,1412,1437]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="salicina">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF1AE1EFDF5FA58D1B144B3" box="[512,687,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Acacia salicina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Adults typically occur high on the upper limbs of trees. They are present from November to February.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA3872FFF1AE1EFF34FA10D0B34703" blockId="66.[151,1440,151,2013]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF1AE1EFF34FA10D1BA44CB" bold="true" box="[193,676,1484,1509]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Geological and Pedological Associations</emphasis>
. Adults generally associated with plants that occur on sand plains and in alluvial areas where soils are derived from weathered sandstone, siltstone, or mudstone, including sandy loams and clay loams, especially those with little profile development.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA3872FFF1AE1FFF34F9EBD2054035" blockId="66.[151,1440,151,2013]" lastBlockId="67.[151,1436,151,283]" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF1AE1EFF34F9EBD244477E" bold="true" box="[193,346,1591,1616]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Calling Song</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="136E24F7FFF1AE1EFE9CF9EBD2DD477E" box="[361,451,1591,1616]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="10.[151,249,1642,1664]" captionTargetBox="[200,1405,193,1621]" captionTargetId="figure-232@10.[181,1406,193,1621]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 2. Oscillograms providing a comparison of the calling song structure of each taxon (and hybrid population) in the Pauropsalta annulata species group: (A) Pauropsalta annulata Goding and Froggatt, Eidsvold (25°22'S 151°07'E), (B) P. notialis notialis subsp. nov., Concord (33°51'S 151°06'E); (C) P. n. incitata subsp. nov., Eidsvold (25°22'S 151°07'E); (D) P.n. notialisxincitata hybrid, Upper Yarraman (26°54'S 151°54'E); (E) P. tremula sp. nov., Lake Broadwater (27°21'S 151°06'E); (F) P. blackdownensis sp. nov., Blackdown Tableland (23°44'S 149°07'E); (G) P. simplex sp. nov., Atherton (17°16'S 145°29'E); (H) P. granitica sp. nov., 7km SE. of Mount Carbine (16°34'S 145°10'E); (I) P. subtropica sp. nov., Auburn River National Park (25°43'S 151°03'E); (J) P. torrensis sp. nov., Torrens Creek (20°47'S 145°01'E); (K) P. decora sp. nov., 82km N. of St George (27°23'S 148°52'E); (L) P. kobongoides sp. nov., Weengallon (28°22'S 149°03'E); (M) P. corymbiae sp. nov., Bull's Gully via Adavale (25°58'S 144°59'E); (N) P. inversa sp. nov., Eidsvold (25°22'S 151°07'E); (O) P. rubristrigata (Goding and Froggatt), Nimmitabel (36°31'S 149°14'E); (P) P. ayrensis Ewart, Eidsvold (25°22'S 151°07'E). All recordings were made with RS1, except (M) and (O), which were obtained by A. Ewart with RS3 and the author using RS5, respectively (see methods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5268480/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Figs 2L</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136E24F7FFF1AE1EFE3AF9EBD104477E" box="[463,538,1591,1616]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 40" captionStart-1="FIGURE 41" captionStart-2="FIGURE 42" captionStartId-0="64.[151,249,1435,1457]" captionStartId-1="65.[151,249,1727,1749]" captionStartId-2="67.[151,249,1016,1038]" captionTargetBox-0="[245,1342,199,1413]" captionTargetBox-1="[204,1383,193,1706]" captionTargetBox-2="[202,1388,339,994]" captionTargetId-0="figure-231@64.[244,1343,193,1413]" captionTargetId-1="figure-137@65.[204,1383,193,1706]" captionTargetId-2="figure-482@67.[198,1388,339,994]" captionTargetPageId-0="64" captionTargetPageId-1="65" captionTargetPageId-2="67" captionText-0="FIGURE 40. Structure of the buzzing component of the male calling song of Pauropsalta kobongoides sp. nov. illustrated in expanded waveform plots (explained in Fig. 8). The spectrograms at the bottom of the figure display song frequency, for modulates between different parts of the buzzing component. This specimen was recorded in the field at Weengallon (28°22'S 149°03'E)." captionText-1="FIGURE 41. Structure of the lilting component of the male calling song of Pauropsalta kobongoides sp. nov. illustrated in expanded waveform plots (explained in Fig. 8). The spectrogram at the bottom of the figure displays song frequency for the lilting component. This recording is a continuation of the one illustrated in Figure 40 from Weengallon (28°22'S 149°03'E)." captionText-2="FIGURE 42. Waveform plots illustrating the lilting component of the male calling song of Pauropsalta kobongoides sp. nov. from four different localities, including: (i) Weengallon (28°22'S 149°03'E), (ii) Barmedman (34°09'S 147°23'E), (iii) Mount Hope (32°50'S 145°53'E), and (iv) Narromine (32°20'S 148°14'E). Mean phrase repetition rates (PRR) for each recording are provided to the right of each plot for reference. Recording (i) was made using RS1, while all other recordings were made using RS5 (see methods)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268580" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268582" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268584" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5268580/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5268582/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5268584/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">40–42</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C5543F1FFF1AE1EFDD9F9EBD054477E" authorityName="POPPLE" authorityYear="2013" box="[556,842,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pauropsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kobongoides">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF1AE1EFDD9F9EBD054477E" box="[556,842,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Pauropsalta kobongoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
apparently produces the most complex song of all in the
<taxonomicName id="4C5543F1FFF1AE1EFF35F981D221475B" authorityName="Goding and Froggatt, Eidsvold" authorityYear="1904" box="[192,319,1628,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pauropsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annulata">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF1AE1EFF35F981D221475B" box="[192,319,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">P. annulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species complex. The calling song is dominated by a buzzing component that includes a long initial rattle (
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s single syllables, punctuated by
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–
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s silences) that is followed by an extended single echeme (
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–
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s) (all statistics, n=7 individuals). The buzzing component may be repeated many times before the lilting component is produced. The lilting component is emitted only after production of the single echeme at the end of the buzzing component. It comprises a rattle (11–36 single syllables, punctuated by
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–
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s silences;
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s total duration) followed by a silence (
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–
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s), a brief rattle or single syllable (1–3 (rarely 4) syllables, punctuated by
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s silence;
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s total duration) and finally another silence (
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–
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s). The phrase repetition rate of the lilting component ranges between
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s. No instances of male–female duetting have been recorded for this species to date. Nevertheless, the lilting component is expected to play an active role in duetting, with the regular silences at the end of each lilting component phrase providing a cue for the female to respond. The calling song of
<taxonomicName id="4C5543F1FFF1AE1EFCB8F819D0EB46F3" authorityName="POPPLE" authorityYear="2013" box="[845,1013,1988,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pauropsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kobongoides">
<emphasis id="B921E460FFF1AE1EFCB8F819D0EB46F3" box="[845,1013,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">P. kobongoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a syllable repetition rate 110–140 Hz increasing up to 166 Hz in the extended single echeme that is produced during the buzzing component. The frequency plateau ranges from 7.5–13.0 kHz and a highest amplitude dominant frequency from 8.2–9.8 kHz. The lower end of the plateau modulates by 0.5 kHz during production of the extended single echeme in the buzzing component.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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