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<document id="550DBD0D07E16AC55581746633625364" ID-DOI="10.1371/journal.pone.0209387" ID-ISSN="1932-6203" ID-PMC="PMC6314596" ID-PubMed="30601867" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12630881" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1719975224419" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="White, William T., Kyne, Peter M. &amp; Harris, Mark" docDate="2019" docId="03A3435FFFE9132BFDCAFA5FFAC1FAD5" docLanguage="en" docName="PLoSONE.14.1.e0209387.pdf" docOrigin="PLoS ONE (e 0209387) 14 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209387" docStyle="DocumentStyle:55318D21378FF0528C342C9740A1E1BE.2:PLoSONE.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="55318D21378FF0528C342C9740A1E1BE" docStyleName="PLoSONE.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Carcharhinus obsolerus White, Kyne &amp; Harris 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="16" masterDocId="FF9A3B27FFEF1324FFDFFF8CFFA7FFDF" masterDocTitle="Lost before found: A new species of whaler shark Carcharhinus obsolerus from the Western Central Pacific known only from historic records" masterLastPageNumber="24" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1723722007213" updateUser="valdenar" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="255E193A20BBE6D49150969DC66A076F">Lost before found: A new species of whaler shark Carcharhinus obsolerus from the Western Central Pacific known only from historic records</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6DBC7AE7CE9297A13563E322EE51D46D">White, William T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AFDF02D8A211F6BAB50E9B411D06221E">Kyne, Peter M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="25EE4B823563E94FFE594C3B3B6C1F48">F. F. C. Elasmobranch Studies, New Port Richey, Florida, United States of America</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0A89CAFFE91322FDCAFA5FFC5DFA33" authority="White, Kyne &amp; Harris" authorityName="White, Kyne &amp; Harris" authorityYear="2019" box="[533,1018,1491,1516]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsolerus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE91322FDCAFA5FFCACFA34" box="[533,779,1491,1515]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Carcharhinus obsolerus</emphasis>
White, Kyne &amp; Harris
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24D9320FFE91322FBDFFA58FBF2FA33" box="[1024,1109,1492,1516]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 
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.
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<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE91322FDEAF995FD16F9EE" bold="true" box="[565,689,1561,1585]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Synonymy.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0A89CAFFE91322FD19F994FCDCF9EE" box="[710,891,1560,1585]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE91322FD19F994FCF1F9EF" box="[710,854,1560,1584]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Carcharhinus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
: [
<bibRefCitation id="EF9B8FB8FFE91322FC52F995FC01F9EE" author="Compagno LJV" box="[909,934,1561,1585]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref11638" refString="15. Compagno LJV. Carcharhinoid sharks: morphology, systematics, and phylogeny.: Stanford University; 1979." type="book" year="1979">15</bibRefCitation>
]: 517, 520, 523, 536 (Borneo); [
<bibRefCitation id="EF9B8FB8FFE91322FB2CF995FAABF9EE" author="Compagno LJV" box="[1267,1292,1561,1585]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref11659" refString="16. Compagno LJV. Sharks of the Order Carcharhiniformes. Caldwell, New Jersey: The Blackburn Press; 1988." type="book" year="1988">16</bibRefCitation>
]: 319, 321, 327 (
<collectingCountry id="F31DB2D9FFE91322FA67F995FDE0F98B" name="Vietnam" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, Borneo, and 
<collectingCountry id="F31DB2D9FFE91322FD05F9B0FC99F98B" box="[730,830,1596,1620]" name="Thailand" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Thailand</collectingCountry>
); [
<bibRefCitation id="EF9B8FB8FFE91322FC88F9B0FCD7F98B" author="Compagno LJV &amp; Niem VH" box="[855,880,1596,1620]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1312 - 60" refId="ref12404" refString="32. Compagno LJV, Niem VH. Carcharhinidae: Requiem sharks. In: Carpenter KE, Niem VH, editors. FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes The living marine resources of the western central Pacific Cephalopods, crustaceans, holothurans and sharks. 2. Rome: FAO; 1998. p. 1312 - 60." type="book chapter" year="1998">32</bibRefCitation>
]: 1359, fig (
<collectingCountry id="F31DB2D9FFE91322FC32F9B0FBE9F98B" box="[1005,1102,1596,1620]" name="Vietnam" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, Borneo, and 
<collectingCountry id="F31DB2D9FFE91322FB3FF9B0FAE5F98B" box="[1248,1346,1596,1620]" name="Thailand" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Thailand</collectingCountry>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE91322FDEAF9D2FB6EF9A9" blockId="6.[533,1520,1491,1897]" box="[565,1225,1630,1654]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="4C0A89CAFFE91322FDEAF9D2FCBDF9A9" baseAuthorityName="Ranzani" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[565,794,1630,1654]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="porosus">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE91322FDEAF9D2FCBDF9A9" box="[565,794,1630,1654]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Carcharhinus porosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: [
<bibRefCitation id="EF9B8FB8FFE91322FCF0F9D2FCEFF9A9" author="Garrick JAF" box="[815,840,1630,1654]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref11740" refString="19. Garrick JAF. Sharks of the genus Carcharhinus. NOAA Technical Report NMFS Circular Report No. 445; 1982." type="book" year="1982">19</bibRefCitation>
]: 71 (Borneo, 
<collectingRegion id="49CE3CABFFE91322FC3FF9D2FB8DF9A9" box="[992,1066,1630,1654]" country="Vietnam" name="Ho Chi Minh City" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Saigon</collectingRegion>
, and 
<collectingRegion id="49CE3CABFFE91322FBBDF9D2FB65F9A9" box="[1122,1218,1630,1654]" country="Thailand" name="Krung Thep Mahanakhon" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bangkok</collectingRegion>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE91322FDEAF90CFA0AF946" blockId="6.[533,1520,1491,1897]" box="[565,1453,1664,1689]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="4C0A89CAFFE91322FDEAF90CFD62F947" authorityName="Blainville" authorityYear="1816" box="[565,709,1664,1688]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE91322FDEAF90CFD62F947" box="[565,709,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Carcharhinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
undescribed small species: [
<bibRefCitation id="EF9B8FB8FFE91322FC2FF90DFBAEF946" author="Compagno LJV" box="[1008,1033,1665,1689]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref12465" refString="33. Compagno LJV. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4, Sharks of the World. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Rome, Italy: FAO; 1984." type="book" year="1984">33</bibRefCitation>
]: 497 (Borneo, 
<collectingCountry id="F31DB2D9FFE91322FB71F90DFAAAF946" box="[1198,1293,1665,1689]" name="Vietnam" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, and 
<collectingCountry id="F31DB2D9FFE91322FA9AF90DFA00F946" box="[1349,1447,1665,1689]" name="Thailand" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Thailand</collectingCountry>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE91322FDEAF92FFB25F964" blockId="6.[533,1520,1491,1897]" box="[565,1154,1699,1723]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="4C0A89CAFFE91322FDEAF92FFD4EF964" box="[565,745,1699,1723]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE91322FDEAF92FFD62F964" box="[565,709,1699,1723]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Carcharhinus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
(= ‘ 
<taxonomicName id="4C0A89CAFFE91322FCCDF92FFC50F964" baseAuthorityName="Ranzani" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[786,1015,1699,1723]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="porosus">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE91322FCCDF92FFC50F964" box="[786,1015,1699,1723]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Carcharhinus porosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’): [
<bibRefCitation id="EF9B8FB8FFE91322FBC4F92FFB93F964" author="Compagno LJV &amp; Niem VH" box="[1051,1076,1699,1723]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1312 - 60" refId="ref12404" refString="32. Compagno LJV, Niem VH. Carcharhinidae: Requiem sharks. In: Carpenter KE, Niem VH, editors. FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes The living marine resources of the western central Pacific Cephalopods, crustaceans, holothurans and sharks. 2. Rome: FAO; 1998. p. 1312 - 60." type="book chapter" year="1998">32</bibRefCitation>
]: 1322.
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0A89CAFFE91322FDEAF94AFCA4F901" box="[565,771,1734,1758]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE91322FDEAF94AFD62F901" box="[565,709,1734,1758]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Carcharhinus</emphasis>
sp. A
</taxonomicName>
: [
<bibRefCitation id="EF9B8FB8FFE91322FCCAF94AFC89F901" author="Compagno LJV &amp; Dando M &amp; Fowler S." box="[789,814,1734,1758]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref11681" refString="17. Compagno LJV, Dando M, Fowler S. A Field Guide of Sharks of the World. London: Harper Collins Publishing Ltd.; 2005." type="book" year="2005">17</bibRefCitation>
]: 307, fig, pl. 62 (Borneo, 
<collectingCountry id="F31DB2D9FFE91322FBE0F94AFB39F901" box="[1087,1182,1734,1758]" name="Vietnam" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, and 
<collectingCountry id="F31DB2D9FFE91322FB09F94AFA9DF901" box="[1238,1338,1734,1758]" name="Thailand" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Thailand</collectingCountry>
); [
<bibRefCitation id="EF9B8FB8FFE91322FA8BF94AFACAF901" author="Voigt M &amp; Weber D." box="[1364,1389,1734,1758]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref11711" refString="18. Voigt M, Weber D. Field guide for sharks of the genus Carcharhinus. Munchen, Germany: Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil; 2011." type="book" year="2011">18</bibRefCitation>
]: 103, fig 50
</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="3B62F814FFE91322FDEAF965FDDBF8FC" collectionCode="NMW" country="Thailand" location="Bangkok" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCode="NMW 61463" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Krung Thep Mahanakhon" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE91322FDEAF965FD04F8DE" bold="true" box="[565,675,1769,1793]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<typeStatus id="54B14CEBFFE91322FDEAF965FD39F8DE" box="[565,670,1769,1793]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="DBAC5A32FFE91322FD66F965FCE1F8DE" box="[697,838,1769,1793]" collectionCode="NMW" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">NMW 61463</specimenCode>
, female 
<quantity id="4CF25FACFFE91322FC44F965FC54F8DE" box="[923,1011,1769,1793]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.33" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="433.0">433 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<collectingRegion id="49CE3CABFFE91322FBFCF965FB24F8DE" box="[1059,1155,1769,1793]" country="Thailand" name="Krung Thep Mahanakhon" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bangkok</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F31DB2D9FFE91322FB52F965FB48F8DE" box="[1165,1263,1769,1793]" name="Thailand" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, no date or collector recorded.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE91322FDEAF8A2FA00F8B7" blockId="6.[533,1520,1491,1897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<materialsCitation id="3B62F814FFE91322FDEAF8A2FC35F8B6" collectingDate="1934-12" collectionCode="ANSP" collectorName="H. Rutherfurd" country="Vietnam" location="Ho Chi Minh City" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCode="ANSP 76859" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ho Chi Minh City" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE91322FDEAF8A2FD0EF899" bold="true" box="[565,681,1838,1862]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<typeStatus id="54B14CEBFFE91322FDEAF8A2FD03F899" box="[565,676,1838,1862]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="DBAC5A32FFE91322FD60F8A2FCEFF899" box="[703,840,1838,1862]" collectionCode="ANSP" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">ANSP 76859</specimenCode>
, female late-term embryo 
<quantity id="4CF25FACFFE91322FB82F8A2FB12F899" box="[1117,1205,1838,1862]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3899999999999997" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="339.0">339 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<collectingRegion id="49CE3CABFFE91322FB3AF8A2FA0DF899" box="[1253,1450,1838,1862]" country="Vietnam" name="Ho Chi Minh City" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ho Chi Minh City</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F31DB2D9FFE91322FA6BF8A2FDE0F8B6" name="Vietnam" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, 
<date id="FFB4D489FFE91322FD8EF8DDFD1BF8B6" box="[593,700,1873,1897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1934-12">
<collectingDate id="EFF02D61FFE91322FD8EF8DDFD1BF8B6" box="[593,700,1873,1897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1934-12">Dec. 1934</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll. 
<collectorName id="26FF979FFFE91322FD27F8DDFC35F8B6" box="[760,914,1873,1897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">H. Rutherfurd</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B62F814FFE91322FC43F8DDFA00F8B7" box="[924,1447,1872,1897]" collectionCode="ANSP" country="Vietnam" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCode="ANSP 77121" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ho Chi Minh City" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBAC5A32FFE91322FC43F8DDFB85F8B6" box="[924,1058,1873,1897]" collectionCode="ANSP" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">ANSP 77121</specimenCode>
(
<typeStatus id="54B14CEBFFE91322FBF0F8DDFB2AF8B6" box="[1071,1165,1873,1897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0A89CAFFE91322FB71F8DCFA00F8B7" authorityName="Fowler" authorityYear="1905" box="[1198,1447,1872,1896]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tephrodes">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE91322FB71F8DCFA00F8B7" box="[1198,1447,1872,1896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Carcharhinus tephrodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE81323FDCAFF5CFD16FED5" blockId="7.[533,1536,208,1896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Fowler), female 
<quantity id="4CF25FACFFE81323FD1FFF5CFCBFFF37" box="[704,792,208,232]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="370.0">370 mm</quantity>
TL, Baram, 
<collectingCountry id="F31DB2D9FFE81323FC45FF5CFC52FF37" box="[922,1013,208,232]" name="Malaysia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
, Malaysian Borneo, 1897, coll. A.C. Harrison Jr. &amp; H.M. Hiller.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C310A1C2FFE81323FDEAFE99FA81FC87" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE81323FDEAFE99FA81FC87" blockId="7.[533,1536,208,1896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE81323FDEAFE99FD0DFEF2" bold="true" box="[565,682,277,301]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
A small species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0A89CAFFE81323FC5FFE99FBB7FEF2" authorityName="Blainville" authorityYear="1816" box="[896,1040,277,301]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE81323FC5FFE99FBB7FEF2" box="[896,1040,277,301]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Carcharhinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with: a slender body and tail; no interdorsal ridge; head parabolic in dorsal view, relatively wide, interorbital space 11.2–12.0% TL; eyes relatively large, length 2.4–2.9% TL, 10.0–15.1 times in head length; no row of enlarged hyomandibular pores alongside each mouth corner; upper anterior teeth broadly triangular and serrated, with large and coarse (non-lobate) serrations basally; lower anterior teeth with narrower, mostly straight cusps; cusps of upper and lower anterolateral teeth with apical margin slightly recurved; no lateral cusplets; total tooth row counts 27–31/26–29; posterior edge of the mandibular plate with an elongate and crescentic indentation; second dorsal-fin origin well posterior of anal-fin origin, about opposite anal-fin midbase, second dorsal-fin origin to anal-fin origin 1.3–2.5% TL, 0.3–0.6 times second dorsal-fin base; first dorsal fin triangular, not falcate, origin about opposite first third of pectoral-fin inner margin length, free rear tip just anterior to pelvic-fin origins, length 1.7–1.9 times height, inner margin 
<quantity id="4CF25FACFFE81323FB02FD1EFAE2FD75" box="[1245,1349,658,682]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.588" metricValueMax="6.35" metricValueMin="4.826" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="in" value="2.2" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.9">1.9–2.5 in</quantity>
base; second dorsal fin much smaller than first, slightly smaller than anal fin; base 1.4–2.0 times height; height 22–31% of first dorsal-fin height; anal fin height 1.2–1.5 times second dorsal height, base 1.1–1.2 times second dorsal-fin base; total vertebral counts 114–120, monospondylous precaudal counts 36–40, diplospondylous precaudal counts 18–19, diplospondylous caudal counts 56–66, precaudal counts 54–58; no distinct black markings on fins.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C310A1C2FFE8132BFDEAFCEEFAA3FC0E" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE81323FDEAFCEEFD28FB4F" blockId="7.[533,1536,208,1896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE81323FDEAFCEEFD67FCA5" bold="true" box="[565,704,866,890]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Description.</emphasis>
Body moderately slender (
<figureCitation id="1331EECCFFE81323FC33FCEEFB86FCA5" box="[1004,1057,866,890]" captionStart="Fig 1" captionStartId="8.[115,143,1105,1124]" captionTargetBox="[115,1536,208,1083]" captionTargetId="figure-257@8.[115,1536,208,1083]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig 1. Lateral view of Carcharhinus obsolerus sp. nov. (NMW 61463; female holotype 433 mm TL). A. Preserved specimen; B. Painting by Lindsay Marshall (www. stickfigurefish.com.au). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209387.g001" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630885/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig 1</figureCitation>
), trunk subcircular and almost pear-shaped in section at first dorsal-fin base, length of trunk from fifth gill slits to vent 
<quantity id="4CF25FACFFE81323FAF4FC09FAD4FC42" box="[1323,1395,901,925]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7178" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="in" value="1.07">1.07 in</quantity>
<typeStatus id="54B14CEBFFE81323FAA7FC09FA72FC42" box="[1400,1493,901,925]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<quantity id="4CF25FACFFE81323FDC2FC24FD07FC1F" box="[541,672,936,960]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7305" metricValueMax="2.7686" metricValueMin="2.6924" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="in" value="1.075" valueMax="1.09" valueMin="1.06">1.06–1.09 in</quantity>
<typeStatus id="54B14CEBFFE81323FD79FC24FCAAFC1F" box="[678,781,936,960]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
) times head length. Predorsal, interdorsal and postdorsal ridges absent from midline of back, lateral ridges absent from body. Caudal peduncle relatively slender, rounded-hexagonal in section at second dorsal-fin insertion, postdorsal and postventral spaces flattened, lateral surfaces subangular; height of caudal peduncle at 2 
<superScript id="7C7F5F01FFE81323FB01FB86FB53FBC5" attach="left" box="[1246,1268,1034,1050]" fontSize="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">nd</superScript>
dorsal-fin insertion 1.07 (1.16–1.40) times its width, 2.08 (1.43–1.48) times in dorsal–caudal space. Precaudal pits present; upper pit a deep, arcuate and crescentic depression; lower pit a much shallower crescentic depression.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE81323FDEAFB16FA9DFA35" blockId="7.[533,1536,208,1896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Head length to 5 
<superScript id="7C7F5F01FFE81323FD3AFB18FD51FB7B" attach="left" box="[741,758,1172,1188]" fontSize="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">th</superScript>
gill opening 0.76 (0.77) times in pectoral–pelvic space. Head narrow and slightly flattened, ellipsoidal-lenticular in shape in cross-section at eyes. Outline of head in lateral view undulated dorsally, nearly straight on snout, moderately convex above gills (
<figureCitation id="1331EECCFFE81323FA7FFB6CFA41FB27" box="[1440,1510,1248,1272]" captionStart="Fig 2" captionStartId="9.[533,561,1280,1299]" captionTargetBox="[534,1301,208,1258]" captionTargetId="figure-174@9.[533,1301,208,1258]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig 2. Head of Carcharhinus obsolerus sp. nov. (NMW 61463; Holotype). 433 mm TL female: A. lateral view; B. ventral view. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209387.g002" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630887/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig 2A</figureCitation>
); weakly convex ventrally along lower jaws and beneath gills. In dorsoventral view, head parabolic (
<figureCitation id="1331EECCFFE81323FD87FAA9FD3BFAE2" box="[600,668,1317,1341]" captionStart="Fig 2" captionStartId="9.[533,561,1280,1299]" captionTargetBox="[534,1301,208,1258]" captionTargetId="figure-174@9.[533,1301,208,1258]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig 2. Head of Carcharhinus obsolerus sp. nov. (NMW 61463; Holotype). 433 mm TL female: A. lateral view; B. ventral view. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209387.g002" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630887/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig 2B</figureCitation>
); gill septa expanded slightly outwards. No distinctly enlarged hyomandibular pores adjacent to mouth corners. Snout moderately short, preoral snout length 1.07 (0.90– 1.04) times mouth width; tip rounded in dorsoventral view and very weakly indented anterior to nostrils; snout bluntly pointed in lateral view, nearly straight above to weakly convex above and convex below. A narrow, longitudinal band of enlarged pores posterior to eye, almost entirely situated in the whitish ventral colouration (i.e. below the waterline).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE8132CFDEAFA79FA7EFADC" blockId="7.[533,1536,208,1896]" lastBlockId="8.[533,1534,1225,1873]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">External eye opening of fleshy orbit without anterior or posterior notches, circular in shape, with height 0.97 (1.06–1.08) in eye length. Eyes large, length 10.11 (8.11–10.01) in head length; situated laterally, with lower edges not crossing horizontal head rim in dorsal view; subocular ridges absent. Nictitating lower eyelids internal, with deep subocular pouches and secondary lower eyelids fused to upper eyelids. Spiracles absent. Fifth gill slit shortest, third and fourth gill slits largest, fifth about 0.75 (0.81–0.83) of height of third; height of third about 7.58 (8.31– 11.01) in head length and 1.33 (0.91–0.98) times eye length. Gill slits upright, not oblique; margins of gill slits weakly concave. Gill filaments not visible from outside. Upper end of highest gill opening (third) just below level of upper margin of eye. Gill-raker papillae absent from gill arches. Nostrils strongly oblique, slit-like with large oval incurrent apertures; prominent triangular anterior nasal flaps with narrowly pointed tips, mesonarial flaps absent, small suboval excurrent apertures, posterior nasal flaps absent; well in front of mouth; width 2.44 (3.43–3.56) in internarial width, 1.01 (1.29–1.69) in eye length, 1.31 (1.23–1.33) in longest gill-opening.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF75A2C1FFE7132CFFACFBDDFDADFB79" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630885" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12630885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630885/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[115,143,1105,1124]" targetBox="[115,1536,208,1083]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE7132CFFACFBDDFE9DFBA2" blockId="8.[115,1514,1104,1190]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE7132CFFACFBDDFC76FBBB" bold="true" box="[115,977,1104,1124]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Fig 1. Lateral view of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0A89CAFFE7132CFEEEFBDCFE59FBBC" authorityName="White &amp; Kyne &amp; Harris" authorityYear="2019" box="[305,510,1104,1123]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsolerus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE7132CFEEEFBDCFE59FBBC" bold="true" box="[305,510,1104,1123]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Carcharhinus obsolerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24D9320FFE7132CFDDDFBDDFDE1FBBB" box="[514,582,1105,1124]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(NMW 61463; female holotype 433 mm TL).
</emphasis>
A. Preserved specimen; B. Painting by Lindsay Marshall (www. stickfigurefish.com.au).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE7132CFFACFB1FFDADFB79" blockId="8.[115,1514,1104,1190]" box="[115,522,1171,1190]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209387.g001</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE7132CFDEAFA82FD00F9C6" blockId="8.[533,1534,1225,1873]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Mouth moderately rounded and large; width 2.98 (2.70–2.84) in head length; mouth length 1.67 (1.65–1.80) in mouth width. Lips concealing teeth when mouth is closed. Tongue large, flat and broadly rounded, filling floor of mouth. Maxillary valve narrow, width much less than eye diameter, strongly papillose. No large buccal papillae on floor or roof of mouth behind maxillary valve. Palate, floor of mouth and gill arches covered with buccopharyngeal denticles. Labial furrows short, restricted to mouth corners, uppers 0.3 (0.5–0.6)% TL, lowers concealed by overlapping upper lip; anterior ends of uppers far behind eyes by distance of almost half of mouth width.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE7132CFDEAF9AFFA75F9E4" blockId="8.[533,1534,1225,1873]" box="[565,1490,1571,1595]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Dental meristics in the three known specimens range within 13–15 + 1 + 13–15 / 13–14</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE7132CFDCAF9CAFD95F8D4" blockId="8.[533,1534,1225,1873]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
+ 0–1 + 13–14, with the 
<typeStatus id="54B14CEBFFE7132CFCC9F9CAFCD4F981" box="[790,883,1606,1630]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
having 14 + 1 + 14 / 14 + 1 + 14. Pronounced dignathic heterodonty between upper and lower jaws. Upper teeth broadly compressed and blade-like with semi-oblique to distally notched, oblique crowns and even labial surfaces. Lower teeth with narrow, erect, triangular crowns anteriorly, becoming oblique with slightly convex labial surfaces laterally. Post-mandibular indentation of Meckel’s cartilage elongated and shallow (
<figureCitation id="1331EECCFFE7132CFA1CF95DFD85F8D4" captionStart="Fig 3" captionStartId="10.[533,561,836,855]" captionTargetBox="[533,1288,208,814]" captionTargetId="figure-328@10.[533,1289,208,814]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig 3. Post-mandibular indentation of Meckel’s cartilage in Carcharhinus obsolerus sp. nov. Radiograph of head of ANSP 77121, paratype; 433 mm TL female; arrow denotes indentation." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630889" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630889/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE7132DFDEAF89AFD49F934" blockId="8.[533,1534,1225,1873]" lastBlockId="9.[533,1536,1400,1875]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Upper jaw gradient monognathic heterodonty present in all tooth groups; one small, well-developed symphysial tooth present. Anterior teeth (
<figureCitation id="1331EECCFFE7132CFB9EF8B5FB1CF88E" box="[1089,1211,1849,1873]" captionStart="Fig 4" captionStartId="11.[259,287,1172,1191]" captionTargetBox="[259,1535,208,1151]" captionTargetId="figure-216@11.[259,1536,208,1151]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig 4. Teeth of Carcharhinus obsolerus sp. nov (ANSP 77121, paratype). 433 mm TL female; 4th anterolateral tooth from left side of jaw: A. upper tooth labial view; B. upper tooth lingual view; C. lower tooth labial view; D. lower tooth lingual view. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209387.g004" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630891/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 4A, 4B</figureCitation>
and 
<figureCitation id="1331EECCFFE7132CFB30F8B5FAAAF88E" box="[1263,1293,1849,1873]" captionStart="Fig 5" captionStartId="12.[533,561,902,921]" captionTargetBox="[533,1440,208,880]" captionTargetId="figure-327@12.[533,1440,208,880]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig 5. In situ teeth of Carcharhinus obsolerus sp. nov. (ANSP 77121, paratype). 370 mm TL female: A. upper teeth; B. lower teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630893/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">5A</figureCitation>
) narrow with somewhat linear lower distal crown margins and weekly notched basal margins; mesial crown edges somewhat linear, not convex with apical portion of crowns slightly reflexed; serrations coarser basally and weaker apically. Anterolateral files with considerably more oblique crowns; distal margins notched with strong basal/apical bifurcation of crown; basal margins more coarsely serrated, no enlarged distal serrae present and serrations gradient from outer basal margins to crown notches; lower portion of crowns noticeably serrated, decreasing but present apically; mesial margins linear, not convex with apical portion of crowns slightly recurved mesially; serrations slightly coarser basally, decreasing but present apically. Lateroposterior files with considerably more oblique crowns than laterals; distal margins deeply notched; serrations coarser basally; mesial margins slightly more posteriorly arcuate and lacking mesial recurvature apically.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF75A2C1FFE6132DFDCAFA8CFC0AFA89" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630887" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12630887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630887/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" startId="9.[533,561,1280,1299]" targetBox="[534,1301,208,1258]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE6132DFDCAFA8CFD25FAF3" blockId="9.[533,1491,1279,1366]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE6132DFDCAFA8CFB34FACC" bold="true" box="[533,1171,1279,1299]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Fig 2. Head of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0A89CAFFE6132DFD48FB73FCC2FACD" authorityName="White &amp; Kyne &amp; Harris" authorityYear="2019" box="[663,869,1279,1298]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsolerus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE6132DFD48FB73FCC2FACD" bold="true" box="[663,869,1279,1298]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Carcharhinus obsolerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24D9320FFE6132DFCB6FA8CFC0AFACC" box="[873,941,1280,1299]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(NMW 61463; Holotype).
</emphasis>
433 mm TL female: A. lateral view; B. ventral view.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE6132DFDCAFACFFC0AFA89" blockId="9.[533,1491,1279,1366]" box="[533,941,1347,1366]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209387.g002</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE6132DFDEAF979FA72F88C" blockId="9.[533,1536,1400,1875]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Lower jaw gradient monognathic heterodonty present but weak in all tooth groups; one small, well-developed symphysial tooth present. Anterior teeth (
<figureCitation id="1331EECCFFE6132DFB66F894FA91F8EF" box="[1209,1334,1816,1840]" captionStart="Fig 4" captionStartId="11.[259,287,1172,1191]" captionTargetBox="[259,1535,208,1151]" captionTargetId="figure-216@11.[259,1536,208,1151]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig 4. Teeth of Carcharhinus obsolerus sp. nov (ANSP 77121, paratype). 433 mm TL female; 4th anterolateral tooth from left side of jaw: A. upper tooth labial view; B. upper tooth lingual view; C. lower tooth labial view; D. lower tooth lingual view. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209387.g004" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630891/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 4C, 4D</figureCitation>
and 
<figureCitation id="1331EECCFFE6132DFAB5F894FA21F8EF" box="[1386,1414,1816,1840]" captionStart="Fig 5" captionStartId="12.[533,561,902,921]" captionTargetBox="[533,1440,208,880]" captionTargetId="figure-327@12.[533,1440,208,880]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig 5. In situ teeth of Carcharhinus obsolerus sp. nov. (ANSP 77121, paratype). 370 mm TL female: A. upper teeth; B. lower teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630893/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">5B</figureCitation>
) with narrow, erect, triangular cusps, moderate in height and not noticeably elongated with strongly
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF75A2C1FFE5132EFDCAFCC8FBCBFCAF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630889" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12630889" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630889/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" startId="10.[533,561,836,855]" targetBox="[533,1288,208,814]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE5132EFDCAFCC8FBCBFCAF" blockId="10.[533,1529,835,880]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE5132EFDCAFCC8FA9EFC88" bold="true" box="[533,1337,835,855]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Fig 3. Post-mandibular indentation of Meckel’s cartilage in 
<taxonomicName id="4C0A89CAFFE5132EFBFCFCCFFB56FC89" authorityName="White &amp; Kyne &amp; Harris" authorityYear="2019" box="[1059,1265,835,854]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsolerus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE5132EFBFCFCCFFB56FC89" bold="true" box="[1059,1265,835,854]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Carcharhinus obsolerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24D9320FFE5132EFB2AFCC8FA9EFC88" box="[1269,1337,836,855]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Radiograph of head of ANSP 77121, paratype; 433 mm TL female; arrow denotes indentation.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE5132EFDCAFC0AFC0AFC46" blockId="10.[533,941,902,921]" box="[533,941,902,921]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209387.g003</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE5132EFDCAFC30FC52FAD3" blockId="10.[533,1536,956,1846]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">acuminate apical portions; distal edge of crowns slightly angular and weakly notched; mesial edges of crowns somewhat concave with apical portion slightly recurved mesially; contour of roots not crescentic or arched with evident root lobes; distal and mesial cusp edges moderately serrated; coarser basally. Lateral files more noticeably notched with slightly more angular distal margins; crown feet coarsely serrated on both distal and mesial margins; slightly heavier distally; lower crown portion with slightly acuminate apical margins and moderately serrated edges, decreasing but present apically. Lateroposterior files increasingly angular with heavier distal notches; distal basal margins heavily serrated, less so on mesial margins; lower crown portions moderately serrated, decreasing but present apically; lower cusp portion slightly crescentic with apical portions recurved mesially.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE5132EFDEAFA9BFC47FA66" blockId="10.[533,1536,956,1846]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Rostral cartilages moderately slender, not hypercalcified, rostral fenestrae relatively large, rostral tip truncate, not pointed; nasal capsules broad, anterior margins nearly straight; anterior fontanelle moderately expanded, posterior border with a distinct indentation centrally; preorbital processes large, somewhat triangular at tip, relatively narrow based; postorbital processes long and slender; orbits large (
<figureCitation id="1331EECCFFE5132EFC43FA2DFC76FA66" box="[924,977,1441,1465]" captionStart="Fig 6" captionStartId="13.[245,273,1622,1641]" captionTargetBox="[245,1536,208,1600]" captionTargetId="figure-44@13.[245,1536,208,1600]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig 6. Digital radiograph of the head of Carcharhinus obsolerus sp. nov. (ANSP 77121, paratype). 370 mm TL female; chondrocranium highlighted in red. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209387.g006" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630897/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig 6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE5132EFDEAFA48FBB4F9B9" blockId="10.[533,1536,956,1846]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Lateral trunk denticles small, slightly imbricate, broad, tricuspid (
<figureCitation id="1331EECCFFE5132EFB35FA48FAB8FA03" box="[1258,1311,1476,1500]" captionStart="Fig 7" captionStartId="14.[477,505,1030,1049]" captionTargetBox="[477,1535,208,1008]" captionTargetId="figure-3@14.[477,1535,208,1008]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig 7. Lateral trunk denticles of Carcharhinus obsolerus sp. nov. (NMW 61463, holotype). 433 mm TL female. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209387.g007" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630899/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig 7</figureCitation>
); crowns usually slightly wider than long (sparser smaller denticles slightly longer than wide), with 3 prominent longitudinal ridges (medial ridge slightly stronger and more pronounced) that extend entire length of crown onto cusps; medial cusp short but strong, much shorter than rest of crown, flanked by a pair of slightly shorter lateral cusps.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE5132EFDEAF9FDFC07F8E9" blockId="10.[533,1536,956,1846]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pectoral fins short and relatively broad, weakly falcate; anterior margin moderately convex, apices narrowly rounded; posterior margin very weakly concave; free rear tip moderately rounded to somewhat angular, inner margin weakly convex; base broad about 57 (55–59)% of fin length; length from origin to rear tip 1.26 (1.20–1.24) times anterior margin length; larger in area to first dorsal fin; origin under fourth gill slit; fin apex posterior to free rear tip when fin is elevated and adpressed to body.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF75A2C1FFE4132FFEDCFB18FD3CFB35" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630891" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12630891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630891/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" startId="11.[259,287,1172,1191]" targetBox="[259,1535,208,1151]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE4132FFEDCFB18FBE8FB1E" blockId="11.[259,1502,1168,1258]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE4132FFEDCFB18FCDEFB78" bold="true" box="[259,889,1172,1191]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Fig 4. Teeth of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0A89CAFFE4132FFE56FB18FDF1FB78" authorityName="White &amp; Kyne &amp; Harris" authorityYear="2019" box="[393,598,1172,1191]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsolerus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE4132FFE56FB18FDF1FB78" bold="true" box="[393,598,1172,1191]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Carcharhinus obsolerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24D9320FFE4132FFD84FB18FD3DFB78" box="[603,666,1172,1191]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
(ANSP 77121, paratype).
</emphasis>
433 mm TL female; 4 
<superScript id="7C7F5F01FFE4132FFBEFFB1CFB9AFB42" attach="left" box="[1072,1085,1168,1181]" fontSize="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">th</superScript>
anterolateral tooth from left side of jaw: A. upper tooth labial view; B. upper tooth lingual view; C. lower tooth labial view; D. lower tooth lingual view.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE4132FFEDCFB5BFD3CFB35" blockId="11.[259,1502,1168,1258]" box="[259,667,1239,1258]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209387.g004</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE4132FFDEAFA80FCEFFA53" blockId="11.[533,1536,1292,1871]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Pelvic fins small, triangular and not falcate; length of anterior margin 0.50 (0.41–0.42) of pectoral-fin anterior margin; area about 1.5 times that of anal fin; anterior margin nearly straight; apex rounded angular; posterior margin nearly straight; free rear tip bluntly rounded, inner margin nearly straight.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE4132FFDEAFA1BFD06F938" blockId="11.[533,1536,1292,1871]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">First dorsal fin relatively small, moderately long-based, broad and triangular, not falcate; anterior margin weakly convex; apex moderately rounded; posterior margin distally straight and basally moderately concave; free rear tip acutely pointed, inner margin nearly straight; origin situated posterior to pectoral-fin insertion by about a third of the pectoral-fin inner margin length, midpoint of base 1.72 (1.93–2.68) times closer to pectoral insertions than pelvic origins; free rear tip anterior to pelvic-fin origins by about an eye length; posterior margin arching posteroventrally from apex, then abruptly to near free tip; insertion posterior to dorsal-fin apex. First dorsal fin base 2.24 (1.91–1.96) in interdorsal space, 2.50 (2.51–2.66) in dorsal caudal margin; height 1.21 (1.13–1.34) in base; inner margin 2.07 (1.68–1.89) in height, 2.52 (1.90– 2.54) in base.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE4132FFDEAF97EFA78F890" blockId="11.[533,1536,1292,1871]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Second dorsal fin very small and low, subtriangular; height 4.16 (3.21–4.45) in first dorsal-fin height, base 2.52 (2.78–3.07) in first dorsal-fin base; anterior margin weakly convex; apex rounded; posterior margin weakly concave; free rear tip long, acutely pointed, inner margin</paragraph>
<caption id="DF75A2C1FFE31328FDCAFC0AFD28FC6D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630893" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12630893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630893/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" startId="12.[533,561,902,921]" targetBox="[533,1440,208,880]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE31328FDCAFC0AFD28FC6D" blockId="12.[533,1522,901,946]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE31328FDCAFC0AFB60FC46" bold="true" box="[533,1223,901,921]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Fig 5. 
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE31328FD92FC0AFD22FC47" bold="true" box="[589,645,901,921]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">In situ</emphasis>
teeth of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0A89CAFFE31328FD0EFC09FC38FC47" authorityName="White &amp; Kyne &amp; Harris" authorityYear="2019" box="[721,927,901,920]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsolerus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE31328FD0EFC09FC38FC47" bold="true" box="[721,927,901,920]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Carcharhinus obsolerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24D9320FFE31328FC7CFC0AFC40FC46" box="[931,999,902,921]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(ANSP 77121, paratype).
</emphasis>
370 mm TL female: A. upper teeth; B. lower teeth.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE31328FDCAFC44FC0AFC04" blockId="12.[533,941,968,987]" box="[533,941,968,987]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209387.g005</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE31328FDCAFC72FB00FB7F" blockId="12.[533,1535,1022,1878]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
nearly straight; origin opposite anal-fin midbase (
<figureCitation id="1331EECCFFE31328FBFDFC72FBF1FBC9" box="[1058,1110,1022,1046]" captionStart="Fig 8" captionStartId="14.[477,505,1818,1837]" captionTargetBox="[477,1535,1179,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-30@14.[477,1536,1179,1797]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig 8. Alignment of second dorsal fin in relation to anal fin of Carcharhinus obsolerus sp. nov. NMW 61463, holotype (433 mm TL female); yellow dashed line indicates alignment of origin of second dorsal fin with anal-fin midbase. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209387.g008" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630901/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig 8</figureCitation>
); rear tip well behind anal-fin free rear tip, in front of upper caudal-fin origin by 1.36 (0.43–1.00) times its inner margin; posterior margin directed strongly posteroventrally from apex; insertion about opposite fin apex. Second dorsal fin base 2.02 (1.56–1.82) in dorsal–caudal space; height 2.01 (1.40–1.81) in base; inner margin 1.71 (1.28–1.98) times height, 1.17 (0.91–1.09) in base.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE31328FDEAFB27FCB1F9C1" blockId="12.[533,1535,1022,1878]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Anal fin apically narrow and strongly falcate; slightly larger than second dorsal fin; height 1.49 (1.17–1.25) times second dorsal-fin height, base length 1.21 (1.11–1.17) times second dorsal-fin base; anterior margin moderately convex; apex narrowly rounded; posterior margin deeply notched at slightly less than a right angle; free rear tip acutely pointed, inner margin nearly straight; origin well anterior to second dorsal-fin origin; insertion about level with second dorsal-fin midbase, anterior to fin apex; free rear tip in front of lower caudal-fin origin by a length slightly more than its inner margin length; posterior margin slanting anterodorsally and then abruptly posterodorsally. Anal-fin base expanded anteriorly as very short preanal ridges (obscure), less than a quarter length of rest of base. Anal-fin base 1.77 (1.47–1.55) in anal–caudal space; height 1.64 (1.40–1.60) in base; inner margin 1.18 (1.28–1.52) times height, 1.38 (1.05–1.09) in base.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE31329FDEAF9A4FD37F8D7" blockId="12.[533,1535,1022,1878]" lastBlockId="13.[533,1535,1742,1870]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Caudal fin narrow-lobed and asymmetrical, with short terminal lobe and prominent but moderately long, non-falcate ventral lobe; dorsal caudal margin proximally and distally convex, and slightly concave just anterior to subterminal notch, with prominent lateral undulations; preventral margin moderately convex, tip of ventral caudal-fin lobe narrowly rounded; lower postventral margin weakly concave; upper postventral margin straight; subterminal notch a narrow, deep slot; subterminal margin nearly straight; terminal margin irregular and weakly concave, lobe formed by these margins angular, tip of tail narrowly rounded. Length of dorsal caudal margin 2.98 (2.35–2.54) in precaudal length, preventral caudal margin 2.28 (2.35–2.66) in dorsal caudal margin, terminal lobe from caudal tip to subterminal notch about 3.15 (3.19–3.62) in dorsal caudal margin, subterminal margin length 1.57 (2.14–2.24) in terminal margin.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF75A2C1FFE21329FF2AF9DAFD2AF974" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630897" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12630897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630897/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[245,273,1622,1641]" targetBox="[245,1536,208,1600]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE21329FF2AF9DAFE8AF95D" blockId="13.[245,1516,1621,1707]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE21329FF2AF9DAFBEEF9B6" bold="true" box="[245,1097,1621,1641]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Fig 6. Digital radiograph of the head of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0A89CAFFE21329FD8BF9D9FC86F9B7" authorityName="White &amp; Kyne &amp; Harris" authorityYear="2019" box="[596,801,1621,1640]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsolerus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE21329FD8BF9D9FC86F9B7" bold="true" box="[596,801,1621,1640]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Carcharhinus obsolerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24D9320FFE21329FCFAF9DAFCCEF9B6" box="[805,873,1622,1641]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(ANSP 77121, paratype).
</emphasis>
370 mm TL female; chondrocranium highlighted in red.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE21329FF2AF914FD2AF974" blockId="13.[245,1516,1621,1707]" box="[245,653,1688,1707]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209387.g006</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE2132BFDEAF89FFC4AFEF2" blockId="13.[533,1535,1742,1870]" lastBlockId="15.[533,1536,208,786]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Counts of total vertebral centra (
<collectionCode id="ED1B6A8CFFE21329FC52F89FFC15F8F4" box="[909,946,1811,1835]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">TC</collectionCode>
) 120 (117–118), precaudal centra (PC) 54 (58), monospondylous precaudal (
<collectionCode id="ED1B6A8CFFE21329FCD5F8BAFC93F891" box="[778,820,1846,1870]" country="0" name="Mohonk Preserve, Inc." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MP</collectionCode>
) centra 36 (39–40), diplospondylous precaudal (
<collectionCode id="ED1B6A8CFFE21329FAEBF8BAFAFEF891" box="[1332,1369,1846,1870]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">DP</collectionCode>
) centra 18 (18– 19), diplospondylous caudal (
<collectionCode id="ED1B6A8CFFE0132BFC92FF5CFCD2FF37" box="[845,885,208,232]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">DC</collectionCode>
) centra 66 (59–60); 
<collectionCode id="ED1B6A8CFFE0132BFB96FF5CFBD7FF37" box="[1097,1136,208,232]" country="0" name="Mohonk Preserve, Inc." pageId="15" pageNumber="16">MP</collectionCode>
centra 30 (34.2)%, DP centra 15 (15.4–16.7)%, and DC centra 55 (49.1–50.4)% of TC centra. Ratios of DP/ 
<collectionCode id="ED1B6A8CFFE0132BFAFFFF7EFAE0FED5" box="[1312,1351,242,266]" country="0" name="Mohonk Preserve, Inc." pageId="15" pageNumber="16">MP</collectionCode>
centra 0.50 (0.45–0.49), DC/ 
<collectionCode id="ED1B6A8CFFE0132BFD18FE99FD49FEF2" box="[711,750,277,301]" country="0" name="Mohonk Preserve, Inc." pageId="15" pageNumber="16">MP</collectionCode>
centra 1.83 (1.44–1.48).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF75A2C1FFE1132AFE02FB8AFCD2FB9D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630899" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12630899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630899/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" startId="14.[477,505,1030,1049]" targetBox="[477,1535,208,1008]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE1132AFE02FB8AFCD2FB9D" blockId="14.[477,1432,1029,1090]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE1132AFE02FB8AFB49FBC6" bold="true" box="[477,1262,1029,1049]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Fig 7. Lateral trunk denticles of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0A89CAFFE1132AFD27FB89FC61FBC7" authorityName="White &amp; Kyne &amp; Harris" authorityYear="2019" box="[760,966,1029,1048]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsolerus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE1132AFD27FB89FC61FBC7" bold="true" box="[760,966,1029,1048]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Carcharhinus obsolerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24D9320FFE1132AFC15FB8AFBA9FBC6" box="[970,1038,1030,1049]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(NMW 61463, holotype).
</emphasis>
433 mm TL female. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209387.g007
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF75A2C1FFE1132AFE02F896FCD3F8AF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630901" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12630901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12630901/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" startId="14.[477,505,1818,1837]" targetBox="[477,1535,1179,1797]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE1132AFE02F896FA33F898" blockId="14.[477,1499,1818,1904]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE1132AFE02F896FAB2F8F2" bold="true" box="[477,1301,1818,1837]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Fig 8. Alignment of second dorsal fin in relation to anal fin of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0A89CAFFE1132AFBDFF896FB6AF8F2" authorityName="White &amp; Kyne &amp; Harris" authorityYear="2019" box="[1024,1229,1818,1837]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsolerus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE1132AFBDFF896FB6AF8F2" bold="true" box="[1024,1229,1818,1837]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Carcharhinus obsolerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24D9320FFE1132AFB0DF896FAB2F8F2" box="[1234,1301,1818,1837]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
NMW 61463, holotype (433 mm TL female); yellow dashed line indicates alignment of origin of second dorsal fin with anal-fin midbase.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE1132AFE02F8D1FCD3F8AF" blockId="14.[477,1499,1818,1904]" box="[477,884,1885,1904]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209387.g008</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE0132BFDEAFEB4FD66FCCD" blockId="15.[533,1536,208,786]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE0132BFDEAFEB4FD2CFE8F" bold="true" box="[565,651,312,336]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Colour.</emphasis>
In preservative: dorsal surface of head, trunk and tail grey, graduating to pale ventral colouration on midlateral surfaces. Demarcation between light and dark surfaces of head strong (light ventral colour just visible in dorsoventral view of head), extending along lateral angle of the snout anteriorly to level of nostrils, extending dorsoposteriorly to level of upper margin of eye; then extending very gradually ventroposteriorly to about upper edge of first gill slit; waterline more diffuse over gills, almost at level of upper margins; gill slit membranes mostly pale; margins of gill slits narrowly pale edged. Demarcation between dorsal and ventral coloration becoming diffuse above pectoral fins; extending diffusely along abdomen and tail at about midlateral level; pale area continuing onto base of caudal fin. Fins without any obvious dark or light markings. First dorsal fin grey, lower margin of free tip pale. Second dorsal grey, posterior margin slightly paler. Anal fin slightly paler grey. Caudal fin grey, terminal and ventral lobes slightly darker. Pectoral fins grey on both surfaces, posterior margins diffusely paleedged. Pelvic fins pale grey, much paler on ventral surfaces basally. Eyes blackish; nictitating membrane pale.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE0132BFDCAFCCFFDEDFC80" blockId="15.[533,586,835,863]" box="[533,586,835,863]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE0132BFDCAFCCFFDEDFC80" bold="true" box="[533,586,835,863]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Size</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE0132BFDCAFCF8FAA3FC0E" blockId="15.[533,1519,884,977]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Only known from the 
<specimenCount id="9D0C39C0FFE0132BFCDCFCF8FCCBFC53" box="[771,876,884,908]" count="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="generic" typeStatus="type">three type</specimenCount>
specimens, a late-term embryo 
<quantity id="4CF25FACFFE0132BFB61FCF8FAB1FC53" box="[1214,1302,884,908]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3899999999999997" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="339.0">339 mm</quantity>
TL and 
<specimenCount id="9D0C39C0FFE0132BFAB1FCF8FA48FC53" box="[1390,1519,884,908]" count="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="juvenile">two juvenile</specimenCount>
females 370 and 
<quantity id="4CF25FACFFE0132BFD1AFC1BFCBAFC70" box="[709,797,919,943]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.33" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="433.0">433 mm</quantity>
TL. Size at birth likely close to 
<quantity id="4CF25FACFFE0132BFBBAFC1BFB1AFC70" box="[1125,1213,919,943]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="340.0">340 mm</quantity>
TL, since late-term embryo was fully developed and 
<quantity id="4CF25FACFFE0132BFCC7FC35FCC8FC0E" box="[792,879,953,977]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="370.0">370 mm</quantity>
TL juvenile had a faint umbilical scar.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C310A1C2FFE0132BFDCAFB8EFD41FBB1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE0132BFDCAFB8EFD1AFBC1" blockId="15.[533,701,1026,1054]" box="[533,701,1026,1054]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE0132BFDCAFB8EFD1AFBC1" bold="true" box="[533,701,1026,1054]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE0132BFDCAFBBFFD41FBB1" blockId="15.[533,1517,1075,1134]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Uncertain; collection records indicate southern South 
<collectingCountry id="F31DB2D9FFE0132BFB8BFBBFFB32FB94" box="[1108,1173,1075,1099]" name="China" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">China</collectingCountry>
Sea (Gulf of 
<collectingCountry id="F31DB2D9FFE0132BFAC1FBBFFA27FB94" box="[1310,1408,1075,1099]" name="Thailand" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F31DB2D9FFE0132BFA55FBBFFA4EFB94" box="[1418,1513,1075,1099]" name="Vietnam" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, Malaysian Borneo).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C310A1C2FFE0132BFDCAFB12FAC1FAD5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE0132BFDCAFB12FD02FB65" blockId="15.[533,677,1182,1210]" box="[533,677,1182,1210]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE0132BFDCAFB12FD02FB65" bold="true" box="[533,677,1182,1210]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5F249FFE0132BFDCAFB43FAC1FAD5" blockId="15.[533,1534,1231,1290]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
The specific name is Latin for ‘extinct’ (
<taxonomicName id="4C0A89CAFFE0132BFC68FB43FBB0FB38" authorityName="White &amp; Kyne &amp; Harris" authorityYear="2019" box="[951,1047,1231,1255]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsolerus">
<emphasis id="B97E2E5BFFE0132BFC68FB43FBB0FB38" box="[951,1047,1231,1255]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">obsolerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) in allusion to the fact that the species has not been recorded in many decades. Proposed English vernacular name: Lost Shark.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>