156 lines
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156 lines
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<document id="1BB66DF461391F4AC7956BAED34BA192" ID-CLB-Dataset="235222" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5251.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="43227427-a867-4744-9e4c-2b2302524890" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7704190" ID-ZooBank="3326BF76-A2FB-4244-BA4C-D0AF81F55637" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1678178331427" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Guglielmone, Alberto A., Nava, Santiago & Robbins, Richard G." docDate="2023" docId="03966A560F79C779BABF8E95B7D3F8E5" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5251.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5251 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5251.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Ixodes himalayensis Dhanda & Kulkarni 1969" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="FFAF122E0F6BC76BBA288B32B56EFFCC" masterDocTitle="Geographic distribution of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of the world by countries and territories" masterLastPageNumber="274" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1699476275219" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A10FADAEB6085E122F25F1AC450A94D6">
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<mods:title id="3C16ACBE784CA517A86FFB986240611B">Geographic distribution of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of the world by countries and territories</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="43C415A7DEF5FC2181B5662CD2318071">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C1426E8E219C060E001F8FEC2F74A66E" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5430-2889</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="927A74A44B69268FA4E510723BB25637" type="email">guglielmone.alberto@inta.gob.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="AF681306D88C372F29226786847BFE38">Nava, Santiago</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8EF5C6916F5E8652DA0A7319DE647EE0" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7791-4239</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="6F680AA6AC07681377D77BB7A9A23E56" type="email">nava.santiago@inta.gob.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="0FB8F59648769D0F00D46DBFBB6726BB">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="BD29D95D43542FD31CF3A4C10192FE25" type="email">robbinsrg@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="102E37E6798E6A0746350301B02A913A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="4CF9ECA2B4C7BC55B2CE50423BA6BD5A">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CCCD28B0D8477A0193EEE2232AB52BA1">2023-03-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="53DACD3F025F88A99A7FBE63EF10F49D">5251</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="E342F1A2C4474D2653026CEB420F3719" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5251.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03966A560F79C779BABF8E95B7D3F8E5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7704243" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209449263" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7704243" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03966A560F79C779BABF8E95B7D3F8E5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03966A560F79C779BABF8E95B7D3F8E5" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F79C779BABF8E95B798FA0D" box="[151,758,1446,1473]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F79C779BABF8E95B798FA0D" blockId="18.[151,1437,1446,1833]" box="[151,758,1446,1473]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F79C779BABF8E95B5A6FA0D" bold="true" box="[151,200,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">104.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F79C779BAF98E94B79FFA0D" ID-CoL="6NBWS" authority="Dhanda & Kulkarni, 1969" authorityName="Dhanda & Kulkarni" authorityYear="1969" box="[209,753,1446,1473]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F79C779BAF98E94B4D3FA0D" bold="true" box="[209,445,1446,1473]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ixodes himalayensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F79C779BBED8E95B79FFA0D" author="Dhanda, V. & Kulkarni, S. M." box="[453,753,1447,1473]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="667 - 672" refId="ref187481" refString="Dhanda, V. & Kulkarni, S. M. (1969) Ixodes himalayensis sp. n. (Acarina: Ixodidae) parasitizing small mammals in Himachal Pradesh, India. Journal of Parasitology, 55, 667 - 672. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3277313" type="journal article" year="1969">Dhanda & Kulkarni, 1969</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F79C779B8D68E95B47EFA29" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F79C779B8D68E95B47EFA29" blockId="18.[151,1437,1446,1833]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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Oriental: 1)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F79C779B9A28E95B6A8FA0D" box="[906,966,1447,1473]" name="India" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">India</collectingCountry>
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, 2)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F79C779B9DB8E95B158FA0D" box="[1011,1078,1447,1473]" name="Nepal" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Nepal</collectingCountry>
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(south and central) (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F79C779BF0C8E95B46AFA29" author="Clifford, C. M. & Hoogstraal, H. & Keirans, J. E." pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="115 - 137" refId="ref183670" refString="Clifford, C. M., Hoogstraal, H. & Keirans, J. E. (1975 a) The Ixodes ticks (Acarina: Ixodidae) of Nepal. Journal of Medical Entomology, 12, 115 - 137. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 12.1.115" type="journal article" year="1975">
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Clifford
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F79C779BFA08E95B5DAFA29" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al.</emphasis>
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1975a
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F79C779BAEF8EDDB7D3F8E5" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F79C779BAEF8EDDB06EF9B9" blockId="18.[151,1437,1446,1833]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F79C779BAEF8EDDB4ACF9C5" author="Clifford, C. M. & Hoogstraal, H. & Keirans, J. E." box="[199,450,1518,1545]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="115 - 137" refId="ref183670" refString="Clifford, C. M., Hoogstraal, H. & Keirans, J. E. (1975 a) The Ixodes ticks (Acarina: Ixodidae) of Nepal. Journal of Medical Entomology, 12, 115 - 137. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 12.1.115" type="journal article" year="1975">
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Clifford
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F79C779BB018EDDB40DF9C5" box="[297,355,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al.</emphasis>
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(1975a)
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</bibRefCitation>
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collected females and immature stages of this tick in
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F79C779BE038EDDB100F9C5" box="[1067,1134,1519,1545]" name="Nepal" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Nepal</collectingCountry>
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and compared their specimens with the descriptions of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F79C779BBDE8D21B7B5F9E1" authorityName="Dhanda & Kulkarni" authorityYear="1969" box="[502,731,1555,1581]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F79C779BBDE8D21B7B5F9E1" box="[502,731,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ixodes himalayensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, finding no morphological differences among females, while some differences were noted when larval and nymphal specimens were compared with their original descriptions. As a consequence,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F79C779BB468D69B70AF9B9" author="Clifford, C. M. & Hoogstraal, H. & Keirans, J. E." box="[366,612,1626,1653]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="115 - 137" refId="ref183670" refString="Clifford, C. M., Hoogstraal, H. & Keirans, J. E. (1975 a) The Ixodes ticks (Acarina: Ixodidae) of Nepal. Journal of Medical Entomology, 12, 115 - 137. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 12.1.115" type="journal article" year="1975">
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Clifford
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F79C779BBE68D69B769F9B9" box="[462,519,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al.</emphasis>
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(1975a)
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</bibRefCitation>
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classified their Nepalese ticks as
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F79C779B9F68D69B149F9B9" box="[990,1063,1627,1653]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F79C779B9F68D69B149F9B9" box="[990,1063,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ixodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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near
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F79C779BE4E8D69B06EF9B9" box="[1126,1280,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F79C779BE4E8D69B192F9B9" authorityName="Dhanda & Kulkarni" authorityYear="1969" box="[1126,1276,1627,1653]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayensis">himalayensis</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F79C779BAEF8D4DB7D3F8E5" blockId="18.[151,1437,1446,1833]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F79C779BAEF8D4DB41BF955" author="Kolonin, G. V." box="[199,373,1663,1689]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref221361" refString="Kolonin, G. V. (2009) Fauna of ixodid ticks of the world. https: // archive. is / CtZk. Last accessed February 11, 2022." type="url" year="2009">Kolonin (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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included
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F79C779BBC98D4DB704F955" box="[481,618,1663,1689]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
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(Palearctic) within the range of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F79C779B9FA8D4DB1DAF955" authorityName="Dhanda & Kulkarni" authorityYear="1969" box="[978,1204,1663,1689]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F79C779B9FA8D4DB1DAF955" box="[978,1204,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ixodes himalayensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but provided no justification for doing so. Hoogstraal (1973a) listed
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F79C779B8EA8D91B6CBF971" authorityName="Dhanda & Kulkarni" authorityYear="1969" box="[706,933,1699,1725]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F79C779B8EA8D91B6CBF971" box="[706,933,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ixodes himalayensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as a species found in
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F79C779BEB78D91B046F971" box="[1183,1320,1699,1725]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
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but stated that this tick is “unknown elsewhere,” which may be a typographical error, because
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F79C779BE658DF5B041F92D" authorityName="Dhanda & Kulkarni" authorityYear="1969" box="[1101,1327,1735,1761]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F79C779BE658DF5B041F92D" box="[1101,1327,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ixodes himalayensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was only known from
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F79C779BB008DD9B41EF8C9" box="[296,368,1771,1797]" class="Aves" family="Phasianidae" genus="Indian" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galliformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="267" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Indian</taxonomicName>
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specimens until it was collected in
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F79C779B8D78DD9B62CF8C9" box="[767,834,1771,1797]" name="Nepal" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Nepal</collectingCountry>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F79C779B9438DD9B10BF8C9" author="Clifford, C. M. & Hoogstraal, H. & Keirans, J. E." box="[875,1125,1770,1797]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="115 - 137" refId="ref183670" refString="Clifford, C. M., Hoogstraal, H. & Keirans, J. E. (1975 a) The Ixodes ticks (Acarina: Ixodidae) of Nepal. Journal of Medical Entomology, 12, 115 - 137. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 12.1.115" type="journal article" year="1975">
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Clifford
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F79C779B9E48DD9B16BF8C9" box="[972,1029,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al.</emphasis>
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(1975a)
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</bibRefCitation>
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. We tentatively exclude
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F79C779BF5D8DD9B46CF8E5" name="Afghanistan" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
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from the range of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F79C779BBFC8C3DB7D8F8E5" authorityName="Dhanda & Kulkarni" authorityYear="1969" box="[468,694,1807,1833]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F79C779BBFC8C3DB7D8F8E5" box="[468,694,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ixodes himalayensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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