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679 lines
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<document id="5D50FC332AD3DE63DC6957338F6FD52E" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3920.2.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b05da2f8-5e97-4918-97e2-ae85ac43eecf" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="287922" ID-ZooBank="8B991675-0C48-40D4-87D2-DACA524D17C2" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460996640123" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ruedi, Manuel, Csorba, Gábor, Lin, Liang- Kong & Chou, Cheng-Han" docDate="2015" docId="03BB87963D585D1FA8EBF2B41078FD13" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03920p342.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3920 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Myotis secundus Ruedi, Csorba, Lin & Chou, 2015, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="327" masterDocId="FF82FFEE3D4F5D05A87CF048127BFFDE" masterDocTitle="Molecular phylogeny and morphological revision of Myotis bats (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from Taiwan and adjacent China" masterLastPageNumber="342" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="324" updateTime="1698563058673" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="BEC85DC494611CD32F7AA5D6D37936F6">Molecular phylogeny and morphological revision of Myotis bats (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from Taiwan and adjacent China</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="635B2E01115E416FD0AB110F35F76862" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2D5DEF08B9048011E596DE3FBFAB502C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="338A44351DE59AF0B819D101EEAE1297">Ruedi, Manuel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C2B328DDE33F1A3EA2CE99CB9FB62E85">Csorba, Gábor</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B14B177F644531CEA7350AC200E7C896">Lin, Liang- Kong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0901F2DEA292198EDC812439E6451D4A">Chou, Cheng-Han</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3FD3BBD64AC292853E4A77C17D36478F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="438CACDB93FE0434718C348DBD9C2EDC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="AEC477327771C9BB93E822C23F84EC34">
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<mods:date id="6D41170B42C9CC9E734DCBFB67F41B07">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F31C379C5A195A3431DC795F83987D55">3920</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="417B9B68D881D89F6BBC1EE1B83930CB">1</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03BB87963D585D1FA8EBF2B41078FD13" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860402" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119597566" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3860402" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB87963D585D1FA8EBF2B41078FD13" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BB87963D585D1FA8EBF2B41078FD13" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="327" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
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<subSubSection id="C308650B3D585D12A8EBF2B41176FC64" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BAD36803D585D12A8EBF2B413D2FCC8" blockId="23.[151,425,764,823]" box="[151,425,764,790]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
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<heading id="D0E581EC3D585D12A8EBF2B413D2FCC8" bold="true" box="[151,425,764,790]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12A8EBF2B413D2FCC8" bold="true" box="[151,425,764,790]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
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<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D585D12A8EBF2B41324FCC8" ID-CoL="8LZ92" box="[151,351,764,790]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="secundus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12A8EBF2B41324FCC8" bold="true" box="[151,351,764,790]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Myotis secundus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557E93D585D12A91BF2B413D2FCC8" box="[359,425,764,790]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAD36803D585D12A8EBF35613E5FCE9" blockId="23.[151,425,764,823]" box="[151,414,798,823]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
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<figureCitation id="13292A053D585D12A8EBF3561379FCE9" box="[151,258,798,823]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1837,1859]" captionText="FIGURE 2. Principal component analysis of 17 craniodental measurements taken on 105 adult specimens from Taiwan. Males and female were not differentiated. Symbols represent the position of an individual skull projected on the first two principal components (cumulating 97.3 % of the total variance). Hollow diamonds (◊) represent Myotis rufoniger, filled diamonds (♦) M. formosus, crosses (x) M. fimbriatus taiwanensis, filled squares (■) M. laniger, hollow squares (□) M. secundus sp. n. (the holotype is greyed), filled circles (●) the holotype of M. soror sp. n., hollow circles (○) M. frater and filled triangles (▲) Submyotodon latirostris." pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Figures 2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13292A053D585D12A972F3571365FCE9" box="[270,286,799,823]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1889,1911]" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phylogenetic relationships of Myotis bats inferred from an alignment of 148 Cyt b gene sequences and using Bayesian reconstructions. Numbers close to nodes represent posterior probability (left) and maximum likelihood bootstrap support (right) associated to these nodes. Species and haplotypes sampled in Taiwan are highlighted in bold. Clades containing only species from outside Taiwan were collapsed and outgroups (Kerivoulinae and Murininae, see Table 2) were omitted for ease of read. The clade nomenclature follows the more comprehensive study of Ruedi et al. (2013)." pageId="23" pageNumber="324">3</figureCitation>
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, 4d, and 6a
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAD36803D585D12A8EBF32E1169FC45" blockId="23.[151,880,870,954]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
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<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12A8EBF32E1376FCA2" bold="true" box="[151,269,870,892]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Synonymy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D585D12A968F3201322FCA3" box="[276,345,872,893]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12A968F3201322FCA3" box="[276,345,872,893]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Myotis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. 2:
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<bibRefCitation id="EF834B713D585D12A9E0F32E104EFCA2" author="Lin" box="[412,565,870,893]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" refString="Lin, L. K., Lee, L. L. & Cheng, H. C. (2004) Bats of Taiwan (2 nd ed.). National Museum of Natural Sciences, Taipei, 177 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2004">
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Lin
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<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12A9BAF3201382FCA2" box="[454,505,870,893]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">et al.</emphasis>
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2004
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</bibRefCitation>
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. Vernacular, unavailable name.
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<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D585D12A8EBF3CE12A7FC45" box="[151,220,902,923]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12A8EBF3CE12A7FC45" box="[151,220,902,923]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Myotis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. 2:
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<bibRefCitation id="EF834B713D585D12A963F3CD13ACFC45" author="Cheng" box="[287,471,901,923]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" refString="Cheng, H. C., Fang, Y. P. & Chou, C. H. (2010) A photographic guide to the bats of Taiwan. The Agriculture Committee Taiwan Endemic Species Research Institute, Taipei, 144 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2010">
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Cheng
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<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12A914F3CE13E0FC45" box="[360,411,901,923]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">et al.</emphasis>
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2010
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</bibRefCitation>
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. Vernacular, unavailable name.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAD36803D585D12A8EBF3ED1176FC64" blockId="23.[151,880,870,954]" box="[151,781,932,954]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
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<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D585D12A8EBF3ED12A7FC64" box="[151,220,933,954]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12A8EBF3ED12A7FC64" box="[151,220,933,954]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Myotis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. 2:
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<bibRefCitation id="EF834B713D585D12A963F3EC13AAFC64" author="Ruedi" box="[287,465,932,954]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" refString="Ruedi, M., Stadelmann, B., Gager, Y., Douzery, E. J. P., Francis, C. M., Lin, L. - K., Guillen-Servent, A. & Cibois, A. (2013) Molecular phylogenetic reconstructions identify East Asia as the cradle for the evolution of the cosmopolitan genus Myotis (Mammalia, Chiroptera). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 69, 437 - 449. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2013.08.011" type="journal article" year="2013">
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Ruedi
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<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12A91EF3ED13EEFC64" box="[354,405,932,954]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">et al.</emphasis>
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2013
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</bibRefCitation>
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. Vernacular, unavailable name.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C308650B3D585D12A8EBF3AE160BF959" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BAD36803D585D12A8EBF3AE1389FB51" blockId="23.[151,1436,998,1923]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
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<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12A8EBF3AE1370FC21" bold="true" box="[151,267,998,1023]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
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<typeStatus id="54A988223D585D12A8EBF3AE137DFC21" box="[151,262,998,1023]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Adult male collected by C.H. Chou on
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<date id="FFAC10403D585D12AABAF3AF1133FC21" box="[710,840,998,1023]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" value="2003-07-08">8 July 2003</date>
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(field number #B030018). The dry skin and skull are deposited in the collections of the Department of Biology, Tunghai University under accession number
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<collectionCode id="ED03AE453D585D12AD4BF44317E7FBFC" box="[1335,1436,1035,1058]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">THUMB</collectionCode>
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30018. The complete mitochondrial Cyt
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<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12AA15F466100CFB98" box="[617,631,1070,1094]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">b</emphasis>
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gene was sequenced from tissue extracts taken from the
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<typeStatus id="54A988223D585D12AD74F4661711FB99" box="[1288,1386,1070,1095]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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and deposited in GenBank under accession number
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<accessionNumber id="9441AB633D585D12AAC1F41A114EFBB5" box="[701,821,1106,1131]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KP187896" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">KP187896</accessionNumber>
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and was used in the phylogenetic analyses presented herein (Clade VIII in figure 3).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAD36803D585D12A8BBF4D2160BFA9D" blockId="23.[151,1436,998,1923]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
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<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12A8BBF4D2133DFB6D" bold="true" box="[199,326,1178,1203]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
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<typeStatus id="54A988223D585D12A8BBF4D2133AFB6D" box="[199,321,1178,1203]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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The identity of all six
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<typeStatus id="54A988223D585D12AA07F4D3109DFB6D" box="[635,742,1179,1203]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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listed hereafter was confirmed by both the multivariate morphological (
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<figureCitation id="13292A053D585D12A937F4F613EAFB09" box="[331,401,1214,1239]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1837,1859]" captionText="FIGURE 2. Principal component analysis of 17 craniodental measurements taken on 105 adult specimens from Taiwan. Males and female were not differentiated. Symbols represent the position of an individual skull projected on the first two principal components (cumulating 97.3 % of the total variance). Hollow diamonds (◊) represent Myotis rufoniger, filled diamonds (♦) M. formosus, crosses (x) M. fimbriatus taiwanensis, filled squares (■) M. laniger, hollow squares (□) M. secundus sp. n. (the holotype is greyed), filled circles (●) the holotype of M. soror sp. n., hollow circles (○) M. frater and filled triangles (▲) Submyotodon latirostris." pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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) and genetic analyses (
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<figureCitation id="13292A053D585D12AAE1F4F61099FB09" box="[669,738,1214,1239]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1889,1911]" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phylogenetic relationships of Myotis bats inferred from an alignment of 148 Cyt b gene sequences and using Bayesian reconstructions. Numbers close to nodes represent posterior probability (left) and maximum likelihood bootstrap support (right) associated to these nodes. Species and haplotypes sampled in Taiwan are highlighted in bold. Clades containing only species from outside Taiwan were collapsed and outgroups (Kerivoulinae and Murininae, see Table 2) were omitted for ease of read. The clade nomenclature follows the more comprehensive study of Ruedi et al. (2013)." pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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). These
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<typeStatus id="54A988223D585D12AB3AF4F711CAFB09" box="[838,945,1215,1239]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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are
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<specimenCount id="9D14FD093D585D12AB9AF4F6164FFB09" box="[998,1076,1214,1239]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="adult">5 adult</specimenCount>
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males and
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<specimenCount id="9D14FD093D585D12ACC5F4F71773FB09" box="[1209,1288,1214,1239]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
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female from near Kaohsiung City in Taoyuan District collected between
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<date id="FFAC10403D585D12AB3AF4AB118AFB25" box="[838,1009,1250,1275]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" value="2002" valueMax="2004">2002 and 2004</date>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED03AE453D585D12AC7DF4AB162BFB25" box="[1025,1104,1251,1275]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">TESRI</collectionCode>
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B0271,
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<collectionCode id="ED03AE453D585D12ACC9F4AB1761FB24" box="[1205,1306,1251,1274]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">THUMB</collectionCode>
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92, 30017, 30020, 30051–2). The following GenBank accession numbers correspond to the complete mitochondrial Cyt
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<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12ADF2F54E17E7FAC0" box="[1422,1436,1286,1310]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">b</emphasis>
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gene sequenced in these
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<typeStatus id="54A988223D585D12A9D0F5631067FA9D" box="[428,540,1323,1347]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
|
|||
|
<accessionNumber id="9441AB633D585D12AA5AF56310DAFA9D" box="[550,673,1323,1347]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KP187889" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">KP187889</accessionNumber>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<accessionNumber id="9441AB633D585D12AAD0F562115DFA9D" box="[684,806,1322,1347]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KP187895" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">KP187895</accessionNumber>
|
|||
|
–97,
|
|||
|
<accessionNumber id="9441AB633D585D12AB27F56311A9FA9D" box="[859,978,1323,1347]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KP187899" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">KP187899</accessionNumber>
|
|||
|
–00 (
|
|||
|
<tableCitation id="C690033B3D585D12AC77F5621624FA9D" box="[1035,1119,1322,1347]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[125,208,526,548]" captionText="TABLE 1. List of 140 Myotis and Submyotodon specimens from Taiwan examined for the morphology and / or cytochrome b (Cyt b, with GenBank accession number) with sex, locality of capture with corresponding number on figure 1, and reference voucher number (if any). Data concerning holotype specimens are highlighted in bold face. Acronyms of institutions housing the vouchers are as follows: Taiwan Endemic Species Research Institute, Nantou (TESRI), National Museum of Natural Science, Taichung (NMNS), Biology Department of Tunghai University (THUMB), and Hungarian Natural History Museum (HNHM). Identical sequences were deposited under the same GenBank number." pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
|||
|
).
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BAD36803D585D12A8BBF5061674F9E1" blockId="23.[151,1436,998,1923]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12A8BBF5061390FAB9" bold="true" box="[199,491,1358,1383]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Other referred material.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="9D14FD093D585D12A98DF5071045FAB9" box="[497,574,1358,1383]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="adult">3 adult</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
males from near Datong Township, Yilan County (
|
|||
|
<collectionCode id="ED03AE453D585D12AC06F50716B1FAB9" box="[1146,1226,1359,1383]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">TESRI</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
B0273–5);
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="9D14FD093D585D12AD33F50717E7FAB9" box="[1359,1436,1358,1383]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
female from Fuxing Township, Taoyuan County (
|
|||
|
<collectionCode id="ED03AE453D585D12AAA7F53B1151FA55" box="[731,810,1395,1419]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">TESRI</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
B0272);
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="9D14FD093D585D12ABE1F53B1195FA55" box="[925,1006,1394,1419]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="adult">3 adult</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
males from near Wufeng Township, Hsinchu County (
|
|||
|
<collectionCode id="ED03AE453D585D12A927F5DF13D0FA71" box="[347,427,1431,1455]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">TESRI</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
B0265, B0267, B0268);
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="9D14FD093D585D12AAB9F5DF1169FA71" box="[709,786,1430,1455]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
male and
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="9D14FD093D585D12ABF9F5DF11AAFA71" box="[901,977,1430,1455]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
female from near Taichung City, Heping District (
|
|||
|
<collectionCode id="ED03AE453D585D12A97CF5F31328FA0D" box="[256,339,1467,1491]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2nry-s1yg" name="National Museum of Natural Science" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">NMNS</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
t-3474,
|
|||
|
<collectionCode id="ED03AE453D585D12A9C3F5F31076FA0D" box="[447,525,1467,1491]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">TESRI</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
B0270,
|
|||
|
<collectionCode id="ED03AE453D585D12AA06F5F310A4FA0C" box="[634,735,1467,1490]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">THUMB</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
30013);
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="9D14FD093D585D12AB2EF5F311DDFA0D" box="[850,934,1466,1491]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
male and
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="9D14FD093D585D12AC53F5F316F8FA0D" box="[1071,1155,1466,1491]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
female from near Yuli Township, Hualian County (
|
|||
|
<collectionCode id="ED03AE453D585D12A9A2F597103EFA29" box="[478,581,1503,1527]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">THUMB</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
30023, 30031);
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="9D14FD093D585D12AB75F5971121FA29" box="[777,858,1502,1527]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
females and
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="9D14FD093D585D12AB85F5971631FA29" box="[1017,1098,1502,1527]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
male from Taoyuan District, Kaohsiung City (
|
|||
|
<collectionCode id="ED03AE453D585D12A920F64B13B8F9C5" box="[348,451,1539,1563]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">THUMB</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
30053, 30016, 30019);
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="9D14FD093D585D12AAA0F64B1157F9C5" box="[732,812,1538,1563]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
male from Yuli Township, Hualian County (
|
|||
|
<collectionCode id="ED03AE453D585D12AD49F64B17E7F9C5" box="[1333,1436,1539,1563]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">THUMB</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
30055);
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="9D14FD093D585D12A889F66F1339F9E1" box="[245,322,1574,1599]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
male from Donghe Township, Taitung County (
|
|||
|
<collectionCode id="ED03AE453D585D12AB21F66F11D6F9E1" box="[861,941,1575,1599]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">TESRI</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
B0269).
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BAD36803D585D12A8BBF602160BF959" blockId="23.[151,1436,998,1923]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12A8BBF6021310F9BD" bold="true" box="[199,363,1610,1635]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
|
|||
|
<typeStatus id="54A988223D585D12A8BBF6021379F9BD" box="[199,258,1610,1635]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
locality.
|
|||
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
The designated
|
|||
|
<typeStatus id="54A988223D585D12AA48F603101FF9BD" box="[564,612,1611,1635]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
series originate from the forest areas near Kaohsiung City (Taoyuan District) in south-central
|
|||
|
<collectingCountry id="F30576103D585D12A9CDF626103FF959" box="[433,580,1646,1671]" name="Taiwan" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Taiwan ROC</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
(approximate coordinates:
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE2650473D585D12AB0BF627119AF958" box="[887,993,1647,1671]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" precision="925" value="23.133333">23°08’ N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE2650473D585D12AB91F6271619F959" box="[1005,1122,1647,1671]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" precision="925" value="120.8">120°48’ E</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
).
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
<subSubSection id="C308650B3D585D12A8BBF6DA133FF92D" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="distribution">
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BAD36803D585D12A8BBF6DA133FF92D" blockId="23.[151,1436,998,1923]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12A8BBF6DA131BF975" bold="true" box="[199,352,1682,1707]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D585D12A914F6DB138FF975" box="[360,500,1683,1707]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="secundus" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12A914F6DB138FF975" box="[360,500,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">M. secundus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557E93D585D12A981F6DA1046F975" box="[509,573,1682,1707]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" rank="species">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12A981F6DA1046F975" bold="true" box="[509,573,1682,1707]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
has so far only been recorded in
|
|||
|
<collectingCountry id="F30576103D585D12ABC4F6DA1676F975" box="[952,1037,1682,1707]" name="Taiwan" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
, where it is relatively common and widespread in forested habitats across most of the central regions. It was found near locations 1- 4, 7, 15, 17, 19, 21 and 21 (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="13292A053D585D12A88EF6921348F92D" box="[242,307,1754,1779]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[221,1365,193,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[221,1365,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Geographic location of sampling localities in Taiwan. Areas above 1000 m are shaded. Numerals refer to sampling sites mentioned in Table 1." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287923/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
).
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
<subSubSection id="C308650B3D585D12A8BBF6B6174CF85D" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="etymology">
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BAD36803D585D12A8BBF6B6174CF85D" blockId="23.[151,1436,998,1923]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12A8BBF6B61335F8C9" bold="true" box="[199,334,1790,1815]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
We name it
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D585D12A998F6B61030F8C8" box="[484,587,1790,1814]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="secundus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12A998F6B61030F8C8" box="[484,587,1790,1814]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">secundus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
(meaning second in Latin), as it was the second unnamed taxon found in
|
|||
|
<collectingCountry id="F30576103D585D12A8EBF76A1292F8E5" box="[151,233,1826,1851]" name="Taiwan" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
and initially mentioned under the name
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D585D12AAD1F76B1082F8E4" box="[685,761,1827,1850]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12AAD1F76B1082F8E4" box="[685,761,1827,1850]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Myotis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
sp. 2 (
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B713D585D12AB38F76A11BEF8E5" author="Chou" box="[836,965,1826,1851]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" refString="Chou, C. - H. (2004) Taxonomic status of the genus Myotis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in Taiwan. Department of Wildlife Ecology, Tunghai University, Tunghai, 115 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2004">Chou 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
;
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B713D585D12ABACF76A1603F8E5" author="Lin" box="[976,1144,1826,1851]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" refString="Lin, L. K., Lee, L. L. & Cheng, H. C. (2004) Bats of Taiwan (2 nd ed.). National Museum of Natural Sciences, Taipei, 177 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2004">
|
|||
|
Lin
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12AB82F76B164DF8E5" box="[1022,1078,1827,1851]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
2004
|
|||
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
;
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B713D585D12ACF8F76A1736F8E5" author="Cheng" box="[1156,1357,1826,1851]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" refString="Cheng, H. C., Fang, Y. P. & Chou, C. H. (2010) A photographic guide to the bats of Taiwan. The Agriculture Committee Taiwan Endemic Species Research Institute, Taipei, 144 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2010">
|
|||
|
Cheng
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12ACA8F76B1777F8E5" box="[1236,1292,1827,1851]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
2010
|
|||
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
;
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B713D585D12AD25F76A1361F881" author="Ruedi" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" refString="Ruedi, M., Stadelmann, B., Gager, Y., Douzery, E. J. P., Francis, C. M., Lin, L. - K., Guillen-Servent, A. & Cibois, A. (2013) Molecular phylogenetic reconstructions identify East Asia as the cradle for the evolution of the cosmopolitan genus Myotis (Mammalia, Chiroptera). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 69, 437 - 449. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2013.08.011" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
|||
|
Ruedi
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12A8EBF70F12A8F880" box="[151,211,1862,1886]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
2013
|
|||
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
). In the photographic guide to the bats of
|
|||
|
<collectingCountry id="F30576103D585D12AB73F70E111AF881" box="[783,865,1862,1887]" name="Taiwan" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
(
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B713D585D12AB08F70E1637F881" author="Cheng" box="[884,1100,1862,1887]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" refString="Cheng, H. C., Fang, Y. P. & Chou, C. H. (2010) A photographic guide to the bats of Taiwan. The Agriculture Committee Taiwan Endemic Species Research Institute, Taipei, 144 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2010">
|
|||
|
Cheng
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D585D12ABB6F70F167DF880" box="[970,1030,1862,1886]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
2010
|
|||
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
), it was illustrated under the vernacular name of Long-toed
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D585D12A98EF722103FF85D" box="[498,580,1898,1923]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
, although this attribute is not particularly developed in this species.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BAD36803D575D1DA8EBF7EA1021F82B" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">
|
|||
|
<table id="F912C4203D57A2FAA8EBF7EA17E7F82B" box="[151,1436,1954,2037]" gridcols="3" gridrows="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">
|
|||
|
<tr id="352234C23D57A2FAA8EBF7EA17E7F866" box="[151,1436,1954,1976]" gridrow="0" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">
|
|||
|
<th id="76F35DBE3D57A2FAA8EBF7EA10CAF866" box="[151,689,1954,1976]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D575D1DA8EBF7EA136DF866" bold="true" box="[151,278,1954,1976]" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
Lateral and dorsal views of skull, and
|
|||
|
</th>
|
|||
|
<th id="76F35DBE3D57A2FAAAC4F7EA1167F866" box="[696,796,1954,1976]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">mandible</th>
|
|||
|
<th id="76F35DBE3D57A2FAAB5FF7EA17E7F866" box="[803,1436,1954,1976]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">
|
|||
|
of (a)
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D575D1DAB15F7EA161BF866" box="[873,1120,1954,1976]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Submyotodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latirostris">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D575D1DAB15F7EA161BF866" box="[873,1120,1954,1976]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Submyotodon latirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
(THUMB 30010), (b)
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D575D1DAD2BF7EB17E7F866" box="[1367,1436,1955,1976]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D575D1DAD2BF7EB17E7F866" box="[1367,1436,1955,1976]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Myotis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
</th>
|
|||
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
<tr id="352234C23D57A2FAA8EBF78917E7F809" box="[151,1436,1985,2007]" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">
|
|||
|
<th id="76F35DBE3D57A2FAA8EBF78910CAF809" box="[151,689,1985,2007]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D575D1DA8EBF7891305F809" box="[151,382,1985,2007]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespertilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="fimbriatus" subSpecies="taiwanensis">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D575D1DA8EBF7891305F809" box="[151,382,1985,2007]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">fimbriatus taiwanensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
(THUMB 71), (c)
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D575D1DAA38F78A10CBF809" box="[580,688,1985,2007]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laniger">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D575D1DAA38F78A10CBF809" box="[580,688,1985,2007]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">M. laniger</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
</th>
|
|||
|
<td id="76F35DBE3D57A2FAAAC4F7891167F809" box="[696,796,1985,2007]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">(THUMB</td>
|
|||
|
<td id="76F35DBE3D57A2FAAB5FF78917E7F809" box="[803,1436,1985,2007]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">
|
|||
|
103), and (d)
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D575D1DABCEF78A1649F809" box="[946,1074,1985,2007]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="secundus" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D575D1DABCEF78A1649F809" box="[946,1074,1985,2007]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">M. secundus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557E93D575D1DAC45F7891608F809" box="[1081,1139,1985,2007]" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" rank="species">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D575D1DAC45F7891608F809" bold="true" box="[1081,1139,1985,2007]" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
(THUMB 92, paratype). All
|
|||
|
</td>
|
|||
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
<tr id="352234C23D57A2FAA8EBF79717E7F82B" box="[151,1436,2015,2037]" gridrow="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
|||
|
<th id="76F35DBE3D57A2FAA8EBF79710CAF82B" box="[151,689,2015,2037]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">specimens are from Taiwan. Scale = 10 mm.</th>
|
|||
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
</table>
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<subSubSection id="C308650B3D565D1CA8BBF0DF102FFE9E" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" type="description">
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BAD36803D565D1CA8BBF0DF102FFE9E" blockId="25.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CA8BBF0DF104DFF6E" bold="true" box="[199,566,151,176]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">
|
|||
|
Measurements of the
|
|||
|
<typeStatus id="54A988223D565D1CA9B4F0DF104AFF6E" box="[456,561,151,176]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
.
|
|||
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
Measurements are in mm. Head and body length, 37; tail length, 41; forearm length, 35.7; hind foot length (including claw), 7.1; tibia length, 17.5; thumb length, 6.6; ear length, 12.8; tragus length, 6.2; greatest skull length, including incisors, 14.1; greatest zygomatic breadth, 8.4; postorbital breadth, 3.3; mastoid breadth, 6.7; greatest braincase width, 6.3; upper canine-molar toothrow, 5.4; width across upper canines, 3.4; width across 3rd upper molars, 5.6.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
<subSubSection id="C308650B3D565D1CA8BBF1041125FD76" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" type="diagnosis">
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BAD36803D565D1CA8BBF1041125FD76" blockId="25.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CA8BBF104133AFEBB" bold="true" box="[199,321,332,357]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
Small-sized
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CA9A8F105105AFEBA" box="[468,545,333,356]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CA9A8F105105AFEBA" box="[468,545,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">Myotis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
(weight
|
|||
|
<quantity id="4CEA9B653D565D1CAAF8F10410BFFEBA" box="[644,708,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" unit="g" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 g</quantity>
|
|||
|
) with dark brown pelage color, slightly lighter ventrally, without demarcation between dorsal and ventral sides. Face and ears dark brown becoming more flesh-colored near the base of ears and above the eyes. Wing membranes attached to base of outer toe. Feet about half tibia length. Tail approximately same length as head and body length. Ears relatively long and narrow with a slight notch on the proximal third of the rear edge of conch. Tragus elongated and narrow, reaching the ear notch. Skull profile slender and relatively angular, with nearly flat braincase apex and abruptly falling posterior parts (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="13292A053D565D1CACEAF1B716A1FDC6" box="[1174,1242,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1933,1955]" captionTargetBox="[354,1230,192,1898]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[345,1241,173,1912]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 6. Skulls of (a) M. secundus sp. n. from Taiwan (THUMB 92, paratype), (b) Myotis sowerbyi from Fujian, China (USNM 238869, holotype), (c) M. pruinosus from Japan (NSMT 14842, holotype), and (d) M. yanbarensis from Japan (NSMT 31306, holotype). Scale = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287925/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
a); frontal part of braincase gently rising from rostrum to the top. Anterior part of the rostrum narrow and convergent. Teeth relatively robust with upper premolars aligned in toothrow and all visible in side view (Figs. 4d, 6a). The second upper and lower premolars are distinctly smaller than corresponding first premolars. Canines relatively strong, slightly larger than premolars. All lower molars are myotodont.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
<subSubSection id="C308650B3D565D1FA8BBF2FC1078FD13" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="327" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" type="description">
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BAD36803D565D1CA8BBF2FC113BFC16" blockId="25.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CA8BBF2FC1322FD13" bold="true" box="[199,345,692,717]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">Description.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
This small
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CA9A2F2FD1050FD12" box="[478,555,693,716]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CA9A2F2FD1050FD12" box="[478,555,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">Myotis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
has a long, shaggy and very dark brown pelage, with a tinge of lighter brown color at hair tips, giving a frosted appearance to its fur (unlike e.g.,
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CABDAF291162FFD2E" box="[934,1108,728,752]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yanbarensis">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CABDAF291162FFD2E" box="[934,1108,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">M. yanbarensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
). The underparts are lighter, buffier, also with pale brown hair tips. The face is densely haired, with a small bare part located above the eyes (
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B713D565D1CA8E2F3571316FCE6" author="Cheng" box="[158,365,799,824]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" refString="Cheng, H. C., Fang, Y. P. & Chou, C. H. (2010) A photographic guide to the bats of Taiwan. The Agriculture Committee Taiwan Endemic Species Research Institute, Taipei, 144 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2010">
|
|||
|
Cheng
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CA88CF3691352FCE6" box="[240,297,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
2010
|
|||
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
). The patagium is essentially naked and dark brown, with wing membrane attaching to the base of outer toe. The ears are relatively long and narrow, with a small but distinct notch. The tragus is narrow, straight, slightly bent forward close to the tip; it extends to about a third of the distance to the tip of ear. Feet (about
|
|||
|
<quantity id="4CEA9B653D565D1CAD45F32017ECFCA1" box="[1337,1431,872,896]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="7.0">7–9 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
, including claw) and thumbs are slender, both with sparse guard hairs and slender claws. The tibia is long (
|
|||
|
<quantity id="4CEA9B653D565D1CAD3CF3C412BCFC16" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.685" metricValueMax="1.77" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" unit="mm" value="16.85" valueMax="17.7" valueMin="16.0">16–17.7 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
). Tail (about
|
|||
|
<quantity id="4CEA9B653D565D1CA926F3F813D1FC16" box="[346,426,944,968]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
) is as long as head and body length.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BAD36803D565D1CA8BBF39C10BDFB86" blockId="25.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">
|
|||
|
When viewed in profile (Figs. 4d, 6a), the braincase of the skull has gently rising frontal parts, and is nearly flat on its summit; the occipital region is rounded, smooth with no visible crests. The frontal part of the rostrum is narrow and, in front of the canines, is convergent. Mean and range of external and skull measurements of
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CAD01F4551285FB86" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="secundus" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CAD01F4551285FB86" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">M. secundus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CA978F477133FFB86" bold="true" box="[260,324,1087,1112]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557E93D565D1CA978F477133FFB86" box="[260,324,1087,1112]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
from
|
|||
|
<collectingCountry id="F30576103D565D1CA9F4F47713A1FB86" box="[392,474,1087,1112]" name="Taiwan" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
are given in
|
|||
|
<tableCitation id="C690033B3D565D1CAA10F47710B9FB86" box="[620,706,1087,1112]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="16.[119,197,569,589]" captionText="TABLE 4. External and craniodental measurements (in mm) of Taiwan species of Myotis and Submyotodon. Values are given as mean, ± SD, min-max, (n). Acronyms and definitions for" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
|||
|
.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BAD36803D565D1CA8BBF42C1091FAEE" blockId="25.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">
|
|||
|
Dental formula
|
|||
|
<date id="FFAC10403D565D1CA9FEF42D13DFFBA2" box="[386,420,1124,1148]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">I 2</date>
|
|||
|
/3 C 1/1 PM 3/3 M 3/3, comprising the adult dentition of 38 teeth. The teeth are not particularly weak, although the canines (both upper and lower) are only slightly higher than the corresponding last premolars (Figs. 4d, 6a). The second incisor is clearly smaller than the first (in lateral view), although in occlusal view both are of similar basal dimensions. All premolars are in the toothrow and visible in lateral view, but the second one (both upper and lower) is much smaller than the first one (Fig. 4d). The third upper premolar has a distinct paraconule. Lower molars are all myotodont.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BAD36803D565D1FA8BBF57416EAFEC2" blockId="25.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="26.[151,1436,151,717]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="327" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CA8BBF5741317FA8B" bold="true" box="[199,364,1340,1365]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">Comparisons.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
In recent taxonomic accounts (e.g.,
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B713D565D1CAB7EF574119BFA8A" author="Corbet" box="[770,992,1340,1365]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" refString="Corbet, G. B. & Hill, J. E. (1992) The mammals of the Indomalayan region: a systematic review. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 488 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0030605300020718" type="book" year="1992">Corbet & Hill 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B713D565D1CAB97F57416ECFA8B" author="Simmons" box="[1003,1175,1340,1365]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" refString="Simmons, N. B. (2005) Order Chiroptera. In: Wilson, D. E. & Reeder, D. M. (Eds.), Mammal species of the world. A taxonomic and geographic reference. Johns Hopkins University Press, Washington, pp. 312 - 529." type="book chapter" year="2005">Simmons 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
), a single small species of
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CA8CAF517135AFAA6" box="[182,289,1375,1400]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Myotinae">Myotinae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
was found on
|
|||
|
<collectingCountry id="F30576103D565D1CA9B4F5171061FAA6" box="[456,538,1375,1400]" name="Taiwan" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
and was called
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CAAACF5281186FAA6" box="[720,1021,1376,1400]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="muricola" subSpecies="latirostris">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CAAACF5281186FAA6" box="[720,1021,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">Myotis muricola latirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
(see above for its current taxonomic position). However, since 2004, bat surveys showed that a second small (weight
|
|||
|
<quantity id="4CEA9B653D565D1CAC5CF5CC161AFA42" box="[1056,1121,1412,1437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" unit="g" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 g</quantity>
|
|||
|
), relatively common
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CAD2CF5CD17E7FA42" box="[1360,1436,1413,1436]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CAD2CF5CD17E7FA42" box="[1360,1436,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">Myotis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
species, that was not fitting the characteristics of
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CAAAAF5E01130FA1E" box="[726,843,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CAAAAF5E0113DFA1E" box="[726,838,1448,1472]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Submyotodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latirostris">latirostris</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
was living in various habitats of the island. It was referred subsequently as
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CA9D3F5851380FA3A" box="[431,507,1485,1508]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CA9D3F5851380FA3A" box="[431,507,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">Myotis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
sp. 2, and hence named here
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CAB36F58511ADFA3A" box="[842,982,1484,1508]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="secundus" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CAB36F58511ADFA3A" box="[842,982,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">M. secundus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557E93D565D1CABA1F5841665FA3B" box="[989,1054,1484,1509]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" rank="species">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CABA1F5841665FA3B" bold="true" box="[989,1054,1484,1509]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
Although both species are indeed small and have a dark, almost black dorsal pelage, the new species is easily distinguished from
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CACB0F5B8172DF9D6" box="[1228,1366,1520,1544]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Submyotodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latirostris">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CACB0F5B8172DF9D6" box="[1228,1366,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">S. latirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
by its larger external dimensions such as thumb or tibia length, or by mostly larger skull dimensions as well (
|
|||
|
<tableCitation id="C690033B3D565D1CAD6EF65C1711F9F2" box="[1298,1386,1556,1581]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="16.[119,197,569,589]" captionText="TABLE 4. External and craniodental measurements (in mm) of Taiwan species of Myotis and Submyotodon. Values are given as mean, ± SD, min-max, (n). Acronyms and definitions for" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
|||
|
).
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CAD01F65D1285F98E" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="secundus" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CAD01F65D1285F98E" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">M. secundus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557E93D565D1CA97BF67F1331F98E" box="[263,330,1591,1616]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" rank="species">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CA97BF67F1331F98E" bold="true" box="[263,330,1591,1616]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
has myotodont lower molars, whereas they are nyctalodont in
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CAC59F67016CAF98E" box="[1061,1201,1592,1616]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Submyotodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latirostris">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CAC59F67016CAF98E" box="[1061,1201,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">S. latirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
. This character also distinguishes the new species from other small, blackish
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CAB6DF6151126F9AA" box="[785,861,1629,1652]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CAB6DF6151126F9AA" box="[785,861,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">Myotis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
from continental Asia pertaining to the
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CAD60F61417E7F9AA" box="[1308,1436,1628,1652]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Murina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="siligorensis">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CAD60F61417E7F9AA" box="[1308,1436,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">siligorensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
group, such as
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CA93BF6C91394F946" box="[327,495,1664,1688]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Murina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="siligorensis">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CA93BF6C91394F946" box="[327,495,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">M. siligorensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CAA7CF6C91008F946" box="[512,627,1664,1688]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="badius">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CAA7CF6C91008F946" box="[512,627,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">M. badius</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CAAF8F6C91140F946" box="[644,827,1664,1688]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Murina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alticraniatus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CAAF8F6C91140F946" box="[644,827,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">M. alticraniatus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
, etc. (see
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B713D565D1CABC8F63716F4F946" author="Tiunov" box="[948,1167,1663,1688]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" refString="Tiunov, M. P., Kruskop, S. V. & Feng, J. (2011) A new mouse-eared bat (Mammalia: Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) from South China. Acta Chiropterologica, 13, 271 - 278. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3161 / 150811011 x 624758" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
|||
|
Tiunov
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CAC72F6C91632F946" box="[1038,1097,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
2011
|
|||
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
). Another small
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CAD2CF6C817E7F949" box="[1360,1436,1664,1687]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CAD2CF6C817E7F949" box="[1360,1436,1664,1687]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">Myotis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
living in south-east
|
|||
|
<collectingCountry id="F30576103D565D1CA9FFF6EC13BDF963" box="[387,454,1700,1725]" name="China" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">China</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
and described originally as
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CAB64F6ED1625F963" authority="Howell 1926" authorityName="Howell" authorityYear="1926" box="[792,1118,1700,1725]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sowerbyi">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CAB64F6ED11DCF962" box="[792,935,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">M. sowerbyi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
(
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B713D565D1CABC6F6EC162DF963" author="Howell" box="[954,1110,1700,1725]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" refString="Howell, A. B. (1926) Three new mammals from China. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 39, 137 - 140." type="journal article" year="1926">Howell 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
)
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
, is also very similar to
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CAD01F6ED1285F93E" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="secundus" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CAD01F6ED1285F93E" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">M. secundus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557E93D565D1CA979F68F133DF93E" box="[261,326,1735,1760]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" rank="species">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CA979F68F133DF93E" bold="true" box="[261,326,1735,1760]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
(similar external dimensions, wing insertion to the base of the toes, myotodont lower molars), but is clove-brown, not blackish, has much more slender upper (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="13292A053D565D1CAB43F6A411FAF8DB" box="[831,897,1772,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1954,1976]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,193,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[176,1411,193,1933]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 8. Lateral and dorsal views of skull, and mandible of (a) Myotis soror sp. n. (HNHM 2003.36. 20., holotype), (b) M. frater (TESRI B 0283), (c) M. formosus (THUMB 65), and (d) M. rufoniger (THUMB 30022). All specimens are from Taiwan. Scale = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3924056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3924056/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
b) and lower canines, has a first lower premolar nearly as large as the canine (it is only half its size in
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CAA90F7591103F8F6" box="[748,888,1808,1832]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="secundus" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CAA90F7591103F8F6" box="[748,888,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">M. secundus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557E93D565D1CAB02F74711C5F8F6" box="[894,958,1807,1832]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" rank="species">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CAB02F74711C5F8F6" bold="true" box="[894,958,1807,1832]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
, Fig. 4d), and in skull profile it has a more inflated and elevated braincase and rostrum (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="13292A053D565D1CAAE2F77C1098F893" box="[670,739,1844,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1933,1955]" captionTargetBox="[354,1230,192,1898]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[345,1241,173,1912]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 6. Skulls of (a) M. secundus sp. n. from Taiwan (THUMB 92, paratype), (b) Myotis sowerbyi from Fujian, China (USNM 238869, holotype), (c) M. pruinosus from Japan (NSMT 14842, holotype), and (d) M. yanbarensis from Japan (NSMT 31306, holotype). Scale = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287925/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
b).
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CAB76F77D11FBF892" box="[778,896,1844,1868]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="davidii">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CAB76F77D11FBF892" box="[778,896,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">M. davidii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
is also a small myotodont species, but has the upper premolars crowded, the second being completely displaced lingually from toothrow and is now considered as belonging to the
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CA919F7351399F84A" box="[357,482,1917,1940]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mystacinus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CA919F7351399F84A" box="[357,482,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">mystacinus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
morpho-group (see illustrations in
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B713D565D1CABF6F734161EF84A" author="Benda" box="[906,1125,1916,1941]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" refString="Benda, P., Faizolahi, K., Andreas, M., Obuch, J., Reiter, A., Sevcik, M., Uhrin, M., Vallo, P. & Ashrafi, S. (2012) Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East. Part 10. Bat fauna of Iran. Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemicae, 76, 163 - 582." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
|||
|
Benda
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CABA2F7351667F84A" box="[990,1052,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
2012
|
|||
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
). Compared to the closest relatives of
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CA960F7E913D1F866" box="[284,426,1952,1976]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="secundus" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CA960F7E913D1F866" box="[284,426,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">M. secundus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557E93D565D1CA9CDF7E81389F867" box="[433,498,1952,1977]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" rank="species">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CA9CDF7E81389F867" bold="true" box="[433,498,1952,1977]" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
in phylogenetic analyses (Clade VIII in figure 3),
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CAC53F7E916B8F866" box="[1071,1219,1953,1976]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pruinosus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CAC53F7E916B8F866" box="[1071,1219,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">M. pruinosus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
has a less elevated frontal part of skull and relatively flat braincase (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="13292A053D565D1CAA9CF78C1153F803" box="[736,808,1988,2013]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1933,1955]" captionTargetBox="[354,1230,192,1898]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[345,1241,173,1912]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 6. Skulls of (a) M. secundus sp. n. from Taiwan (THUMB 92, paratype), (b) Myotis sowerbyi from Fujian, China (USNM 238869, holotype), (c) M. pruinosus from Japan (NSMT 14842, holotype), and (d) M. yanbarensis from Japan (NSMT 31306, holotype). Scale = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287925/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
c), whereas the skull of
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D565D1CAC35F78D1682F802" box="[1097,1273,1988,2012]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yanbarensis">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D565D1CAC35F78D1682F802" box="[1097,1273,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="326">M. yanbarensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
(known from Okinawa,
|
|||
|
<collectingCountry id="F30576103D555D1FA970F0D01336FF6E" box="[268,333,152,176]" name="Japan" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
) is characterized by a longer rostrum, more globose braincase (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="13292A053D555D1FAC54F0DF1616FF6E" box="[1064,1133,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1933,1955]" captionTargetBox="[354,1230,192,1898]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[345,1241,173,1912]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 6. Skulls of (a) M. secundus sp. n. from Taiwan (THUMB 92, paratype), (b) Myotis sowerbyi from Fujian, China (USNM 238869, holotype), (c) M. pruinosus from Japan (NSMT 14842, holotype), and (d) M. yanbarensis from Japan (NSMT 31306, holotype). Scale = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287925/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
d) and is larger (e.g., CBL over
|
|||
|
<quantity id="4CEA9B653D555D1FA8A8F0F41350FF0A" box="[212,299,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
,) than
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D555D1FA902F0F51074FF0A" box="[382,527,188,212]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="secundus" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FA902F0F51074FF0A" box="[382,527,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">M. secundus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557E93D555D1FAA66F0F41025FF0B" box="[538,606,188,213]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" rank="species">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FAA66F0F41025FF0B" bold="true" box="[538,606,188,213]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
(CBL about
|
|||
|
<quantity id="4CEA9B653D555D1FAA81F0F4112EFF0A" box="[765,853,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
). Furthermore, the tibia is particularly long in
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D555D1FAD01F0F51285FF26" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="secundus" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FAD01F0F51285FF26" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">M. secundus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557E93D555D1FA978F097133FFF26" box="[260,324,223,248]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" rank="species">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FA978F097133FFF26" bold="true" box="[260,324,223,248]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
(about
|
|||
|
<quantity id="4CEA9B653D555D1FA9E6F0A81396FF26" box="[410,493,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" unit="mm" value="17.0">17 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
), unlike in related
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D555D1FAAC2F0A9112AFF29" box="[702,849,224,248]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pruinosus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FAAC2F0A9112AFF29" box="[702,849,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">M. pruinosus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
from
|
|||
|
<collectingCountry id="F30576103D555D1FABEAF0A811ADFF29" box="[918,982,224,247]" name="Japan" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
(
|
|||
|
<quantity id="4CEA9B653D555D1FAB9AF0A81641FF26" box="[998,1082,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
). The tail of
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D555D1FACB5F0A9172DFF26" box="[1225,1366,224,248]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="secundus" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FACB5F0A9172DFF26" box="[1225,1366,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">M. secundus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557E93D555D1FAD20F09717E7FF26" box="[1372,1436,223,248]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" rank="species">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FAD20F09717E7FF26" bold="true" box="[1372,1436,223,248]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
is nearly as long as head and body length, whereas it is distinctly longer in
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D555D1FABA2F14D16F1FEC2" box="[990,1162,260,284]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yanbarensis">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FABA2F14D16F1FEC2" box="[990,1162,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">M. yanbarensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BAD36803D555D1FA8BBF16F11E4FDC6" blockId="26.[151,1436,151,717]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FA8BBF16F107CFE9E" bold="true" box="[199,519,295,320]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Phylogenetic relationships.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
The complete (1140 bp) Cyt
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FAB2CF1601125FE9E" box="[848,862,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">b</emphasis>
|
|||
|
gene of the
|
|||
|
<typeStatus id="54A988223D555D1FAB94F16F1631FE9E" box="[1000,1098,295,320]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
and
|
|||
|
<typeStatus id="54A988223D555D1FACFCF1601697FE9E" box="[1152,1260,296,320]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
of
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D555D1FAD6CF16117E7FE9E" box="[1296,1436,296,320]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="secundus" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FAD6CF16117E7FE9E" box="[1296,1436,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">M. secundus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557E93D555D1FA8EBF10412ADFEBB" box="[151,214,332,357]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" rank="species">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FA8EBF10412ADFEBB" bold="true" box="[151,214,332,357]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
are all similar (with less than 1% K2P distance) and diverge by at least 10.5% K2P distance from their closest relative,
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D555D1FA886F13913DCFE56" box="[250,423,368,392]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yanbarensis">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FA886F13913DCFE56" box="[250,423,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">M. yanbarensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
(
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="13292A053D555D1FA9C4F1271387FE56" box="[440,508,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1889,1911]" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phylogenetic relationships of Myotis bats inferred from an alignment of 148 Cyt b gene sequences and using Bayesian reconstructions. Numbers close to nodes represent posterior probability (left) and maximum likelihood bootstrap support (right) associated to these nodes. Species and haplotypes sampled in Taiwan are highlighted in bold. Clades containing only species from outside Taiwan were collapsed and outgroups (Kerivoulinae and Murininae, see Table 2) were omitted for ease of read. The clade nomenclature follows the more comprehensive study of Ruedi et al. (2013)." pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
) and by at least 20% for any other sympatric
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D555D1FAC77F138162CFE59" box="[1035,1111,368,391]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FAC77F138162CFE59" box="[1035,1111,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Myotis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
from
|
|||
|
<collectingCountry id="F30576103D555D1FACE3F127168AFE56" box="[1183,1265,367,392]" name="Taiwan" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
(
|
|||
|
<tableCitation id="C690033B3D555D1FAD7DF1271722FE56" box="[1281,1369,367,392]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="26.[151,239,764,787]" captionTargetBox="[159,1375,846,1199]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="TABLE 5. Mean K 2 P divergence among each species from Taiwan calculated for the Cyt b gene. Numbers are expressed as percentage and those in italics in the diagonal are intra-specific distances." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6D66083D555D1FA8EBF2B411BFFCED" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" tableUuid="DF6D66083D555D1FA8EBF2B411BFFCED">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
|||
|
). In a more general phylogenetic context,
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D555D1FAA48F1DD10B9FE72" box="[564,706,404,428]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="secundus" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FAA48F1DD10B9FE72" box="[564,706,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">M. secundus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557E93D555D1FAAB0F1DC1175FE73" box="[716,782,404,429]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" rank="species">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FAAB0F1DC1175FE73" bold="true" box="[716,782,404,429]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
(named
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D555D1FAB09F1DD11BAFE72" box="[885,961,405,428]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FAB09F1DD11BAFE72" box="[885,961,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Myotis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
sp.
|
|||
|
<quantity id="4CEA9B653D555D1FAB88F1DC1659FE73" box="[1012,1058,404,429]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B713D555D1FAC57F1DC168DFE72" author="Ruedi" box="[1067,1270,404,429]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Ruedi, M., Stadelmann, B., Gager, Y., Douzery, E. J. P., Francis, C. M., Lin, L. - K., Guillen-Servent, A. & Cibois, A. (2013) Molecular phylogenetic reconstructions identify East Asia as the cradle for the evolution of the cosmopolitan genus Myotis (Mammalia, Chiroptera). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 69, 437 - 449. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2013.08.011" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
|||
|
Ruedi
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FAC04F1DD16C8FE72" box="[1144,1203,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
2013
|
|||
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
) is part of the strongly supported Clade VIII within the
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D555D1FAA00F1FF109CFE0E" box="[636,743,439,464]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Myotinae">Myotinae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
radiation, together with
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D555D1FAC76F1F116C2FE0E" box="[1034,1209,440,464]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yanbarensis">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FAC76F1F116C2FE0E" box="[1034,1209,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">M. yanbarensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D555D1FACB7F1F11719FE11" box="[1227,1378,440,464]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pruinosus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FACB7F1F11719FE11" box="[1227,1378,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">M. pruinosus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
, and representatives of the
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D555D1FA9E0F195103CFE2A" box="[412,583,477,500]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="montivagus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FA9E0F195103CFE2A" box="[412,583,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">M. montivagus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
species complex. It also differs notably from species of the
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D555D1FAD63F19517E7FE2A" box="[1311,1436,477,500]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mystacinus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FAD63F19517E7FE2A" box="[1311,1436,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">mystacinus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
morpho-group that appear in Clade VI (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="13292A053D555D1FAA28F1B710EDFDC6" box="[596,662,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1889,1911]" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phylogenetic relationships of Myotis bats inferred from an alignment of 148 Cyt b gene sequences and using Bayesian reconstructions. Numbers close to nodes represent posterior probability (left) and maximum likelihood bootstrap support (right) associated to these nodes. Species and haplotypes sampled in Taiwan are highlighted in bold. Clades containing only species from outside Taiwan were collapsed and outgroups (Kerivoulinae and Murininae, see Table 2) were omitted for ease of read. The clade nomenclature follows the more comprehensive study of Ruedi et al. (2013)." pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
and
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B713D555D1FAAB1F1B711E8FDC6" author="Ruedi" box="[717,915,511,536]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Ruedi, M., Stadelmann, B., Gager, Y., Douzery, E. J. P., Francis, C. M., Lin, L. - K., Guillen-Servent, A. & Cibois, A. (2013) Molecular phylogenetic reconstructions identify East Asia as the cradle for the evolution of the cosmopolitan genus Myotis (Mammalia, Chiroptera). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 69, 437 - 449. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2013.08.011" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
|||
|
Ruedi
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FAB6BF2491134FDC6" box="[791,847,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
2013
|
|||
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
).
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BAD36803D555D1FA8BBF26C1078FD13" blockId="26.[151,1436,151,717]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FA8BBF26C13FEFDE3" bold="true" box="[199,389,548,573]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D555D1FA9F7F26D106CFDE2" box="[395,535,548,572]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="secundus" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FA9F7F26D106CFDE2" box="[395,535,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">M. secundus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557E93D555D1FAA62F26C1026FDE3" box="[542,605,548,573]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" rank="species">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FAA62F26C1026FDE3" bold="true" box="[542,605,548,573]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
is essentially a forest-dwelling species, but we observed breeding females also occupying small holes or chinks in caves. It is common both in the lowlands and higher mountains, suggesting that this species may have a relatively broad ecological niche. It was found in sympatry with
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C124D033D555D1FACBBF224172AFD5A" box="[1223,1361,620,644]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Submyotodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latirostris">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B966EA923D555D1FACBBF224172AFD5A" box="[1223,1361,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">S. latirostris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
in the higher elevations. Lactating females were observed from May to July, while males with enlarged testis were recorded from August to March.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
</document>
|