172 lines
18 KiB
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172 lines
18 KiB
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<document id="9D4371AF93C702CE5AAE3BE98DBBB83D" ID-CLB-Dataset="8491" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4855.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1ad9a0ab-ccd4-4047-9a29-f2dd287dc3e3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4411181" ID-ZooBank="28A15E99-7A79-40CA-A0C6-1DC501B69E46" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1609606652428" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A., Ahmad, Syed Kamran, Al-Dhafer, Hathal & Turner, James" docDate="2020" docId="CD39879E2B484924FF5B65945162F879" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4855.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4855 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Ischiodon Sack" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="36" masterDocId="3100FFE62B6B4907FFCC602F5340FFFF" masterDocTitle="An overview of the Syrphidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia" masterLastPageNumber="69" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="36" updateTime="1698851405714" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F27D28E3490CDB131C7D7E46EA7A11D1">
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<mods:title id="42C3CCE115B26493BBDA581B9194EAB1">An overview of the Syrphidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D4B0D1A4C4916428100D947F24578BF6">Dawah, Hassan A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CC7119C290C4A5747B6C0516C3474C39">Abdullah, Mohammed A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CCD41B705577F839F479229AFE060F41" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3323-3623</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F90B582E57547FC4842CBA3ABBC1DFFD" type="email">mohd_robiya@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="34F146AA3E7BA2361BC02C13F94C71A4">Ahmad, Syed Kamran</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B3FF1D4E342B98547AE3412ECAC011C3" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6211-2345</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="009D9A8224B26ADF5DEB1B60AD6BC5A7" type="email">entosaif@rediffmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="ACBF8BCE27E7B2F074736E9A8DE7B4C0">Al-Dhafer, Hathal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2A653C3ED078568835AE3CB20E982884" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4911-2332</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="EA1969995C619982FCE588CA393E58A3" type="email">hdhafer@ksu.edu.sa</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="3E861845DD4FB2F37823DC8DFD28EDDD">Turner, James</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F07BDB8E2B208786F9122A22F2FF855E" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2411-7396</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9E12124D0D950595264E0B41C82861E6" type="email">urner@museumwales.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B4AAECE2CF268BD3595D0342360E2FE6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="DE6D7153D8C77117D5EF3E8BA7D36F87">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="E32408EC74BCE5F2B68F007323C6FC50">
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<mods:date id="A3550222B80F77A15D134169C319EDC6">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="11572C1BCF2A8D46A49634B11C8692C9" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="504C5916C11F95297DA9062942BAC284">2020-09-25</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="C4BA3803D6335C97EED1673898425D58" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="AB2F5187F6B75694F1D2FBAE914BC43D">4855</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="71534FF7A08E19A0A4BC84274D2B81FB" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="8CDC680AC2E9553378E3F5E876F59DF8">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="242FE3319EFA060FA45E31DDE8D8BCD2">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="2FFC878060E31615333C42C0FF79F934">69</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="42C0D5DBBE23357A15DFA992B482EA05">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="83C21854897936F8666E61A49B66807D" type="CLB-Dataset">8491</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="884EAC3A1813C7E352FD78DB3474BA76" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4855.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B0436DEB96F240657B896F42F1E3849D" type="GBIF-Dataset">1ad9a0ab-ccd4-4047-9a29-f2dd287dc3e3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="81DC3471705B98F09420540F7AC53CC7" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C17A3AE6143EA7D2CAB81C52923F1259" type="Zenodo-Dep">4411181</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="118A53DB379991D9334A519C9ED28EED" type="ZooBank">28A15E99-7A79-40CA-A0C6-1DC501B69E46</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="CD39879E2B484924FF5B65945162F879" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4498703" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177208060" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4498703" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CD39879E2B484924FF5B65945162F879" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CD39879E2B484924FF5B65945162F879" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<subSubSection id="0D8A65032B484924FF5B659452E9FA2B" box="[151,425,1466,1493]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="452F36882B484924FF5B659452E9FA2B" blockId="35.[151,425,1466,1493]" box="[151,425,1466,1493]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<heading id="1E6781E42B484924FF5B659452E9FA2B" bold="true" box="[151,425,1466,1493]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="77E4EA9A2B484924FF5B659452E9FA2B" bold="true" box="[151,425,1466,1493]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<emphasis id="77E4EA9A2B484924FF5B659453A5FA2A" bold="true" box="[151,229,1467,1493]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Genus</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="82904D0B2B484924FF21659552E9FA2B" ID-CoL="556V" ID-ENA="290408" authority="Sack" authorityName="Sack" box="[237,425,1466,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Ischiodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="77E4EA9A2B484924FF2165955226FA2A" bold="true" box="[237,358,1466,1493]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Ischiodon</emphasis>
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Sack
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0D8A65032B484924FF5B662C5162F879" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="description">
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<paragraph id="452F36882B484924FF5B662C5162F879" blockId="35.[151,1437,1539,1926]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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The genus
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<taxonomicName id="82904D0B2B484924FEDD662C523FF9E2" box="[273,383,1539,1565]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Ischiodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="77E4EA9A2B484924FEDD662C523FF9E2" box="[273,383,1539,1565]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Ischiodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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comprises four species with quite distinct distributions namely:
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<taxonomicName id="82904D0B2B484924FB87662C57A8F9E1" authority="(Bezzi)" baseAuthorityName="Bezzi" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[1099,1256,1539,1566]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Ischiodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feae">
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<emphasis id="77E4EA9A2B484924FB87662C57D0F9E2" box="[1099,1168,1539,1565]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">I. feae</emphasis>
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(Bezzi)
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<collectingCountry id="3D8776182B484924FB3A662C5638F9E2" box="[1270,1400,1539,1565]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
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Islands),
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<taxonomicName id="82904D0B2B484924FF256608514AF9BD" authority="(Wiedemann)" baseAuthorityName="Wiedemann" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[233,522,1575,1602]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Ischiodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aegyptius">
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<emphasis id="77E4EA9A2B484924FF256608522BF9BF" box="[233,363,1575,1600]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">I. aegyptius</emphasis>
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(Wiedemann)
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</taxonomicName>
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(Africa and southern Europe),
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<taxonomicName id="82904D0B2B484924FCA966085732F9BD" authority="(Fabricius)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1805" box="[869,1138,1575,1602]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Ischiodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutellaris">
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<emphasis id="77E4EA9A2B484924FCA9660850B0F9BE" box="[869,1008,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">I. scutellaris</emphasis>
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(Fabricius)
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</taxonomicName>
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(Oriental and Australasian Region) and
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<taxonomicName id="82904D0B2B484924FEE4666451D9F999" authority="Mengual 2018" authorityName="Mengual" authorityYear="2018" box="[296,665,1611,1638]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Ischiodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="astales">
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<emphasis id="77E4EA9A2B484924FEE4666452CEF99A" box="[296,398,1611,1637]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">I. astales</emphasis>
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Mengual 2018 (Africa)
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="21014B792B484924FD646664502FF99A" author="Laska, P. & Perez-Banon, C. & Mazanek, L. & Rojo, S. & Stahls, G. & Marcos-Garcia, M. A. & Bicik, V. & Dusek, J." box="[680,879,1611,1637]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="637 - 655" refId="ref37237" refString="Laska, P., Perez-Banon, C., Mazanek, L., Rojo, S., Stahls, G., Marcos-Garcia, M. A., Bicik, V. & Dusek, J. (2006) Taxonomy of the genera Scaeva, Simosyrphus and Ischiodon (Diptera: Syrphidae): Descriptions of immature stages and status of taxa. European Journal of Entomology, 103, 637 - 655. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / eje. 2006.085" type="journal article" year="2006">
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Láska
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<emphasis id="77E4EA9A2B484924FD3866645065F99A" box="[756,805,1611,1637]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
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. 2006
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</bibRefCitation>
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; Mengual 2018). The species of
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<taxonomicName id="82904D0B2B484924FB126664560CF99A" box="[1246,1356,1611,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Ischiodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="77E4EA9A2B484924FB126664560CF99A" box="[1246,1356,1611,1637]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Ischiodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have a strong resemblance to the genus of the single species
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<taxonomicName id="82904D0B2B484924FD28664050F7F976" authority="Bigot" authorityName="Bigot" authorityYear="1882" box="[740,951,1647,1673]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Simosyrphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="77E4EA9A2B484924FD2866405033F976" box="[740,883,1647,1673]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Simosyrphus</emphasis>
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Bigot
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</taxonomicName>
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, with which it has often been confused (e.g.
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<bibRefCitation id="21014B792B484924FF5B66BC5265F952" author="Bryan, E. H." box="[151,293,1683,1709]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="399 - 468" refId="ref34002" refString="Bryan, E. H. (1934) A review of the Hawaiian Diptera, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 8, 399 - 468." type="journal article" year="1934">Bryan, 1934</bibRefCitation>
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). Species of both genera have been previously placed under one another several times (Mengual 2015) despite some important differences in the male genitalia (
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<bibRefCitation id="21014B792B484924FCC266985085F92D" author="Vockeroth, J. R." box="[782,965,1719,1746]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 176" refId="ref41564" refString="Vockeroth, J. R. (1969) Arevisionof the genera of the Syrphini (Diptera: Syrphidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 62, 1 - 176. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 10162 fv" type="journal article" year="1969">Vockeroth 1969</bibRefCitation>
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). The generic key by
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<bibRefCitation id="21014B792B484924FB7C669856DCF92E" author="Vockeroth, J. R." box="[1200,1436,1719,1745]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 176" refId="ref41564" refString="Vockeroth, J. R. (1969) Arevisionof the genera of the Syrphini (Diptera: Syrphidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 62, 1 - 176. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 10162 fv" type="journal article" year="1969">Vockeroth (1969: 40)</bibRefCitation>
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can be used to identify both genera. A synonymy of both genera was proposed by
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<bibRefCitation id="21014B792B484924FBD266F457AFF909" author="Laska, P. & Perez-Banon, C. & Mazanek, L. & Rojo, S. & Stahls, G. & Marcos-Garcia, M. A. & Bicik, V. & Dusek, J." box="[1054,1263,1755,1782]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="637 - 655" refId="ref37237" refString="Laska, P., Perez-Banon, C., Mazanek, L., Rojo, S., Stahls, G., Marcos-Garcia, M. A., Bicik, V. & Dusek, J. (2006) Taxonomy of the genera Scaeva, Simosyrphus and Ischiodon (Diptera: Syrphidae): Descriptions of immature stages and status of taxa. European Journal of Entomology, 103, 637 - 655. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / eje. 2006.085" type="journal article" year="2006">
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Láska
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<emphasis id="77E4EA9A2B484924FBAB66F457D7F90A" box="[1127,1175,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
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. (2006)
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</bibRefCitation>
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based on larval and pupal morphology, supported by a molecular study.
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<bibRefCitation id="21014B792B484924FCD766D05754F8E6" author="Mengual, X. & Stahls, G. & Laska, P. & Mazanek, L. & Rojo, S." box="[795,1044,1791,1817]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="148 - 169" refId="ref38051" refString="Mengual, X., Stahls, G., Laska, P., Mazanek, L. & Rojo, S. (2018) Molecular phylogenetics of the predatory lineage of flower flies Eupeodes scaeva (Diptera: Syrphidae), with the description of the Neotropical genus Austroscaeva gen. nov. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 56 (2), 148 - 169. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jzs. 12212" type="journal article" year="2018">
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Mengual
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<emphasis id="77E4EA9A2B484924FC4B66D05081F8E6" box="[903,961,1791,1817]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al.</emphasis>
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(2018)
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</bibRefCitation>
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reported that the current evidence from molecular characters supports the generic rank of
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<taxonomicName id="82904D0B2B484924FCDC670C503EF8C2" box="[784,894,1827,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Ischiodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="77E4EA9A2B484924FCDC670C503EF8C2" box="[784,894,1827,1853]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Ischiodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<emphasis id="77E4EA9A2B484924FC7B670C570EF8C2" box="[951,1102,1827,1853]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<taxonomicName id="82904D0B2B484924FC7B670C570AF8C2" authorityName="Bigot" authorityYear="1882" box="[951,1098,1827,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Simosyrphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Simosyrphus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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The species of
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<taxonomicName id="82904D0B2B484924FACF670C5631F8C2" box="[1283,1393,1827,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Ischiodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="77E4EA9A2B484924FACF670C5631F8C2" box="[1283,1393,1827,1853]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Ischiodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are predatory syrphids with an important role in the bio-control of aphid pests in different areas of the world (
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<bibRefCitation id="21014B792B484924FAF0676853B7F87A" author="Laska, P. & Perez-Banon, C. & Mazanek, L. & Rojo, S. & Stahls, G. & Marcos-Garcia, M. A. & Bicik, V. & Dusek, J." pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="637 - 655" refId="ref37237" refString="Laska, P., Perez-Banon, C., Mazanek, L., Rojo, S., Stahls, G., Marcos-Garcia, M. A., Bicik, V. & Dusek, J. (2006) Taxonomy of the genera Scaeva, Simosyrphus and Ischiodon (Diptera: Syrphidae): Descriptions of immature stages and status of taxa. European Journal of Entomology, 103, 637 - 655. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / eje. 2006.085" type="journal article" year="2006">
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Láska
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<emphasis id="77E4EA9A2B484924FA44676853EDF87A" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
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. 2006
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</bibRefCitation>
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; also for more references).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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