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<document id="F283B93FAB1DFC8E3C1C9CE97FE2D5E5" ID-CLB-Dataset="46232" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.205387" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7760eb64-e5d4-4c83-9934-64a603f461b2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="205387" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460396634351" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Naderloo, Reza" docDate="2011" docId="03AACA4C4A586D6955F90F3BF77CFB20" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03048p043.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3048" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Perisesarma guttatum A. Milne-Edwards 1869" docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="31" masterDocId="FF93B2344A446D77556E0D7EF408FFBF" masterDocTitle="Grapsoid crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura: Thoracotremata) of the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman" masterLastPageNumber="43" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1698298771184" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="FE837ED6E501D00C17625454ECBACD17">Grapsoid crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura: Thoracotremata) of the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2C49D1917FA6AEDFEB2B0E4041861EF7">Naderloo, Reza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="C3B94CCE88F6407A0E86038B505DFFB3">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="3DE6ADF3FCE3E4159927D6BBD141051F" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.205387</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03AACA4C4A586D6955F90F3BF77CFB20" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5218557" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119418199" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5218557" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AACA4C4A586D6955F90F3BF77CFB20" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AACA4C4A586D6955F90F3BF77CFB20" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="C31928D14A586D6B55F90F3BF562FDC0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A586D6B55F90F3BF6E3FDE0" blockId="28.[151,747,581,639]" box="[151,747,581,607]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="D0F4CC364A586D6B55F90F3BF6E3FDE0" bold="true" box="[151,747,581,607]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A586D6B55F90F3BF6E3FDE0" ID-CoL="4F44M" authority="A. Milne-Edwards, 1869" authorityName="A. Milne-Edwards" authorityYear="1869" box="[151,747,581,607]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Perisesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatum">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A586D6B55F90F3BF6E3FDE0" bold="true" box="[151,747,581,607]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A586D6B55F90F3BF5A9FDE0" bold="true" box="[151,417,581,607]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Perisesarma guttatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A586D6B54DF0F3BF6EBFDE0" author="Milne-Edwards" box="[433,739,581,607]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Milne-Edwards, A. (1869) Note sur quelques nouvelles especes du genre Sesarma (SAY). Bulletin des Nouvelles Archives du Museum, 5, 25 - 31." type="journal article" year="1869">A. Milne-Edwards, 1869</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A586D6B55F90F19F562FDC0" blockId="28.[151,747,581,639]" box="[151,362,615,639]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
(
<figureCitation id="133867DF4A586D6B55F10F19F4E4FDC0" box="[159,236,615,639]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. a" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1481,1504]" captionTargetBox="[222,1369,201,1450]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[212,1374,193,1460]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. a, Chiromantes boulengeri (Calman, 1920), male (SMF 33818); b, the same species in its habitat in Bahmanshir River, Iran (photo by E. Gholinejad); c, Parasesarma persicum Naderloo &amp; Schubart, 2010, male (SMF 38458, CL = 24.34 mm, CB = 30.16 mm); d, the same species in its habitat in Khalij-Nayband, Persian Gulf (photo by R. Naderloo); e, Perisesarma guttatum (A. Milne-Edwards, 1869), male (SMF 29337, CL = 18.70 mm, CB = 22.49 mm); f, the same specimen from ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205394/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
e–f, 14a–e)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31928D14A586D6B55F90FCFF52FFCE0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A586D6B55F90FCFF676FD79" blockId="28.[151,1436,688,863]" box="[151,638,688,710]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB135C744A586D6B55F90FCFF676FD79" box="[151,638,688,710]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A586D6B55F90FCFF672FD79" ID-CoL="84GB3" authority="A. Milne-Edwards, 1869: 26" authorityName="A. Milne-Edwards" authorityPageNumber="26" authorityYear="1869" box="[151,634,688,710]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatum">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A586D6B55F90FCFF546FD79" box="[151,334,689,710]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Sesarma guttatum</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AA25D4B4A586D6B543A0FCEF672FD79" author="Milne-Edwards" box="[340,634,688,710]" page="26" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1869">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A586D6B543A0FCEF65CFD79" author="Milne-Edwards" box="[340,596,688,710]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Milne-Edwards, A. (1869) Note sur quelques nouvelles especes du genre Sesarma (SAY). Bulletin des Nouvelles Archives du Museum, 5, 25 - 31." type="journal article" year="1869">A. Milne-Edwards, 1869</bibRefCitation>
: 26
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A586D6B55F90FB1F774FD5B" blockId="28.[151,1436,688,863]" box="[151,892,718,741]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB135C744A586D6B55F90FB1F774FD5B" box="[151,892,718,741]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A586D6B55F90FB1F5EFFD5A" ID-CoL="84GB3" box="[151,487,719,741]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatum" subGenus="Chiromantes">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A586D6B55F90FB1F4E6FD5B" box="[151,238,719,740]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Sesarma</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B977A7484A586D6B55930FB1F577FD5A" box="[253,383,719,741]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Chiromantes</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B977A7484A586D6B54E30FAEF5EFFD5A" box="[397,487,720,741]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">guttatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—
<treatmentCitation id="0AA25D4B4A586D6B57630FB0F6CEFD5B" author="Crosnier" box="[525,710,718,740]" page="68" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1965">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A586D6B57630FB0F6A9FD5B" author="Crosnier" box="[525,673,718,740]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Crosnier, A. (1965) Crustaces Decapodes, Grapsidae et Ocypodidae. Faune de Madagascar, 18, 1 - 143." type="journal article" year="1965">Crosnier 1965</bibRefCitation>
: 68
</treatmentCitation>
, figs. 94, 97, 106.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A586D6B55F90F90F6DDFCBD" blockId="28.[151,1436,688,863]" box="[151,725,749,771]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB135C744A586D6B55F90F90F6DDFCBD" box="[151,725,749,771]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A586D6B55F90F90F5EEFCBC" ID-CoL="84GB3" box="[151,486,749,771]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatum" subGenus="Perisesarma">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A586D6B55F90F90F4E6FCBC" box="[151,238,750,771]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Sesarma</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B977A7484A586D6B55930F90F575FCBC" box="[253,381,750,771]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Perisesarma</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B977A7484A586D6B54E20F90F5EEFCBC" box="[396,486,750,771]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">guttatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—
<treatmentCitation id="0AA25D4B4A586D6B57620F93F6D9FCBD" author="Holthuis" box="[524,721,749,771]" page="171" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1977">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A586D6B57620F93F697FCBD" author="Holthuis" box="[524,671,749,771]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Holthuis, L. B. (1977) The Grapsidae, Gecarcinidae and Palicidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) of the Red Sea. Israel Journal of Zoology, 26 (3 - 4), 141 - 192." type="journal article" year="1977">Holthuis 1977</bibRefCitation>
: 171
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A586D6B55F90E72F778FC9E" blockId="28.[151,1436,688,863]" box="[151,880,779,802]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB135C744A586D6B55F90E72F778FC9E" box="[151,880,779,802]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A586D6B55F90E72F546FC9D" ID-CoL="84GB3" box="[151,334,780,802]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatum">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A586D6B55F90E72F546FC9D" box="[151,334,780,802]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Sesarma guttatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—
<treatmentCitation id="0AA25D4B4A586D6B54000E75F698FC9E" author="Vannini" box="[366,656,779,801]" page="87" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1981">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A586D6B54000E75F663FC9E" author="Vannini" box="[366,619,779,801]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Vannini, M. &amp; Valmori, P. (1981) Researches on the coast of Somalia. The shore and the dune of Sar Uanle. 30. Grapsidae (Decapoda, Brachyura). Monitore Zoologico Italiano, (N. S.), Supplement 14, 57 - 101." type="journal article" year="1981">Vannini &amp; Volmori 1981</bibRefCitation>
: 87
</treatmentCitation>
, figs. 17D, 18D, 19C.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A586D6B55F90E55F52FFCE0" blockId="28.[151,1436,688,863]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB135C744A586D6B55F90E55F52FFCE0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A586D6B55F90E55F570FCFF" ID-CoL="4F44M" box="[151,376,811,832]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Perisesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatum">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A586D6B55F90E55F570FCFF" box="[151,376,811,832]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Perisesarma guttatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— Hywel
<emphasis id="B977A7484A586D6B548C0E55F5E2FCFF" bold="true" box="[482,490,811,832]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">-</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AA25D4B4A586D6B54850E54F69BFCFF" author="Davies" box="[491,659,810,832]" page="29" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A586D6B54850E54F666FCFF" author="Davies" box="[491,622,810,832]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Hywel-Davies, A. (1994) A Quantitative Analysis of the Horizontal and Vertical Zonation of Brachyura and Mollusca Associated with the Qurm Mangal, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. Master thesis, School of Ocean Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor, 61 pp." type="book" year="1994">Davies 1994</bibRefCitation>
: 29
</treatmentCitation>
, 37, 48, App. 4. —
<treatmentCitation id="0AA25D4B4A586D6B56310E54F7F7FCFF" author="Apel" box="[863,1023,810,832]" page="119" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A586D6B56310E54F7C5FCFF" author="Apel" box="[863,973,810,832]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Apel, M. (2001) Taxonomie und Zoogeographie der Brachyura, Paguridea und Porcellanidae (Crustacea: Decapoda) des Persisch-Arabischen Golfes, pp. 1 - 268. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitat, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 260 pp." type="book chapter" year="2001">Apel 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 119
</treatmentCitation>
, 120. —
<treatmentCitation id="0AA25D4B4A586D6B51300E54F190FCFF" author="Gillikin" box="[1118,1432,810,832]" page="440" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A586D6B51300E54F16DFCFF" author="Gillikin" box="[1118,1381,810,832]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Gillikin, D. P. &amp; Schubart, C. D. (2004) Ecology and systematics of mangrove crabs of the genus Perisesarma (Crustacea: Brachyura: Sesarmidae) from East Africa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 141, 435 - 445." type="journal article" year="2004">Gillikin &amp; Schubart 2004</bibRefCitation>
: 440
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 4a, b.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31928D14A586D6B55F90EF2F714FBE5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A586D6B55F90EF2F5A8FC1B" blockId="28.[151,1436,907,2027]" box="[151,416,907,932]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A586D6B55F90EF2F53DFC1B" bold="true" box="[151,309,907,932]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<typeStatus id="54B8C5F84A586D6B55F90EF2F4DAFC1B" box="[151,210,908,932]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A586D6B54520EF2F5A8FC1B" box="[316,416,908,932]" name="Tanzania" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A586D6B55AB0ED1F714FBE5" blockId="28.[151,1436,907,2027]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A586D6B55AB0ED1F5BAFC77" bold="true" box="[197,434,943,968]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Material examined.</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED12E39F4A586D6B54D30ED1F60EFC78" box="[445,518,943,967]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">GULF</collectionCode>
OF
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A586D6B572E0ED1F690FC78" box="[576,664,943,967]" name="Oman" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">OMAN</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A586D6B57C60ED1F6EBFC77" box="[680,739,943,968]" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A586D6B57C60ED1F6EBFC77" bold="true" box="[680,739,943,968]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">UAE</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="9D05B0D34A586D6B57980ED1F75BFC78" box="[758,851,943,967]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D05B0D34A586D6B560C0ED1F7C0FC78" box="[866,968,943,967]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED12E39F4A586D6B56B40ED1F01CFC78" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[986,1044,943,967]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">SMF</collectionCode>
37370), mangroves, Khor Kalba, Fujairah,
<geoCoordinate id="EE371D9D4A586D6B54680EAAF564FC53" box="[262,364,980,1004]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="25.016666">25º 01'N</geoCoordinate>
,
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, M. Apel, 0 1.07.1995. INDIAN
<collectionCode id="ED12E39F4A586D6B56300EAAF7B6FC53" box="[862,958,980,1004]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">OCEAN</collectionCode>
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A586D6B56A40EABF010FC52" box="[970,1048,981,1005]" name="Kenya" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A586D6B56A40EABF010FC52" bold="true" box="[970,1048,981,1005]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Kenya</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="9D05B0D34A586D6B51440EAAF073FC53" box="[1066,1147,980,1004]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D05B0D34A586D6B51E40EAAF0E7FC53" box="[1162,1263,980,1004]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED12E39F4A586D6B506F0EAAF133FC53" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[1281,1339,980,1004]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">SMF</collectionCode>
29337), Minda Greek, Dabaso, Watamu, S. of
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A586D6B572F0E87F694FBAE" box="[577,668,1017,1041]" name="Kenya" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Malindi</collectingCountry>
,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="EE371D9D4A586D6B56780E87F77DFBAE" box="[790,885,1017,1041]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="49.183334">49º 11'E</geoCoordinate>
, coll. D.P. Gillikin &amp; A. Verheyden, 09–11.1998;
<specimenCount id="9D05B0D34A586D6B55F90963F4EAFB8A" box="[151,226,1053,1077]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED12E39F4A586D6B559C0963F524FB8A" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[242,300,1053,1077]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">SMF</collectionCode>
31835), Mida Creek, D.P. Gillikin &amp; A. Verheyden, 08.1998–10.1999.
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A586D6B513D0963F0E5FB89" box="[1107,1261,1053,1078]" name="South Africa" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A586D6B513D0963F0E5FB89" bold="true" box="[1107,1261,1053,1078]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">South Africa</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="9D05B0D34A586D6B51920963F15BFB8A" box="[1276,1363,1053,1077]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">4 males</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED12E39F4A586D6B500C0963F193FB8A" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[1378,1435,1053,1077]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">SMF</collectionCode>
31835), Umlazi Lagoon,
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A586D6B54DF093CF5F9FBE5" box="[433,497,1090,1114]" name="South Africa" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Natal</collectingCountry>
, coll. Neumann,
<date id="FFBD5D9A4A586D6B57C0093CF710FBE5" box="[686,792,1090,1114]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1997-07">Jul. 1997</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31928D14A586D6A55AB0918F59CF810" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A586D6B55AB0918F151FA1C" blockId="28.[151,1436,907,2027]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A586D6B55AB0918F57BFBC0" bold="true" box="[197,371,1126,1151]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Redescription.</emphasis>
Carapace subquadrate (
<figureCitation id="133867DF4A586D6B57EA0918F6DCFBC1" box="[644,724,1126,1150]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. a" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1481,1504]" captionTargetBox="[222,1369,201,1450]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[212,1374,193,1460]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. a, Chiromantes boulengeri (Calman, 1920), male (SMF 33818); b, the same species in its habitat in Bahmanshir River, Iran (photo by E. Gholinejad); c, Parasesarma persicum Naderloo &amp; Schubart, 2010, male (SMF 38458, CL = 24.34 mm, CB = 30.16 mm); d, the same species in its habitat in Khalij-Nayband, Persian Gulf (photo by R. Naderloo); e, Perisesarma guttatum (A. Milne-Edwards, 1869), male (SMF 29337, CL = 18.70 mm, CB = 22.49 mm); f, the same specimen from ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205394/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
e, 14a), moderately wider than long (CB/CL = 1.2), maximum breadth between exorbital angle; carapace regions nearly distinct, gastric region distinctly defined; 6 curved ridges on posterolateral region, small transverse ridges scarcely on carapace, ridges with short setae; frontal region sharply deflexed, 4-lobed, median 2 larger than lateral 2, with deep groove between them; medians separated from laterals by shallow groove. Frontal edge clearly longer than posterior edge of carapace, distinctly 2-lobed, lobes separated by wide notch. Supraorbital margin smooth, without fissure; infraorbital margin minutely granular with small granules. Lateral margin of carapace with 2 teeth including exorbital angle; first one elongately triangular, directed forward, with curved lateral margin, second one small triangle; posterolateral margin nearly straight, slightly concave medially. Third maxilliped long with large gap between; ischium, merus subequal in length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A586D6B55AB08D1F60CF8AF" blockId="28.[151,1436,907,2027]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Chelipeds subequal, large; merus with granular margins; upper margins with large subdistal tooth, that of inner margin large; outer surface with granular transverse ridges. Carpus subquadrate, outer surface with granular transverse ridges. Manus (
<figureCitation id="133867DF4A586D6B54E70886F5D2F9AF" box="[393,474,1528,1552]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1527,1550]" captionTargetBox="[201,1389,246,1447]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,193,1506]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 14. Perisesarma guttatum (A. Milne-Edwards, 1869), male (SMF 37370): a – d; female (SMF 37370): e. a, posterior surface of carapace; b, cheliped of male, outer surface; c, G 1, ventral surface (right); d, male abdomen; e, female gonopore (right)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205401/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
b) with 2 prominent pectinated carinae distally on upper surface, granular line behind them; outer surface granular, granules on curved line proximally; lower, upper margins granular, upper margin nearly sharply running proximally; inner surface with granules slightly larger than those of outer surface. Movable finger with 12 large tubercles along upper surface (
<figureCitation id="133867DF4A586D6B57BD0B18F72CF9C1" box="[723,804,1638,1662]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1527,1550]" captionTargetBox="[201,1389,246,1447]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,193,1506]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 14. Perisesarma guttatum (A. Milne-Edwards, 1869), male (SMF 37370): a – d; female (SMF 37370): e. a, posterior surface of carapace; b, cheliped of male, outer surface; c, G 1, ventral surface (right); d, male abdomen; e, female gonopore (right)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205401/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
b), row of small tubercles on half proximal part of upper surface of movable finger along inner part of large tubercles, distinct ridge proximally on inner surface of movable finger; cutting edge of fingers with large obtuse teeth, one median, one subdistal tooth distinct on both fingers; tip of movable finger with 2, unmovable finger with 3 tooth-like processes. Female chelipeds smaller than those of males, without pectinated crests.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A586D6B55AB0A62F545F854" blockId="28.[151,1436,907,2027]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Walking legs flattened, broad; merus broad, with subdistal spine on anterior margin, upper surface with short transverse ridges, merus of third leg about 2.2 times as long as broad; carpus with 2 carinae on outer, one carina on inner surface; propodus with one carina on outer, one on inner surface, propodus of third leg about 3.5 times as long as broad; carpus, propodus of last walking legs without carina on inner surface, brown setae densely on anterior, posterior margins of propodus and distal carpus; dactylus smooth, without spine, with brown setae along margins proximally.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7C2BD24A596D6A55F90889F4D7F9F4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205401/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" targetBox="[201,1389,246,1447]" targetPageId="29">
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A596D6A55F90889F4D7F9F4" blockId="29.[151,1436,1527,1611]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A596D6A55F90889F528F9B2" bold="true" box="[151,288,1527,1550]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A596D6A54490887F717F9B1" authority="A. Milne-Edwards, 1869" authorityName="A. Milne-Edwards" authorityYear="1869" box="[295,799,1528,1550]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Perisesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatum">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A596D6A54490887F600F9B1" box="[295,520,1529,1550]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Perisesarma guttatum</emphasis>
(A. Milne-Edwards, 1869)
</taxonomicName>
, male (SMF 37370): a–d; female (SMF 37370): e. a, posterior surface of carapace; b, cheliped of male, outer surface; c, G1, ventral surface (right); d, male abdomen; e, female gonopore (right).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A596D6A55AB0B09F74CF90B" blockId="29.[151,1436,1655,1967]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A596D6A55AB0B09F4F7F930" box="[197,255,1655,1679]" name="Malta" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Male</collectingCountry>
abdomen (
<figureCitation id="133867DF4A596D6A54120B09F5C5F930" box="[380,461,1655,1679]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1527,1550]" captionTargetBox="[201,1389,246,1447]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,193,1506]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 14. Perisesarma guttatum (A. Milne-Edwards, 1869), male (SMF 37370): a – d; female (SMF 37370): e. a, posterior surface of carapace; b, cheliped of male, outer surface; c, G 1, ventral surface (right); d, male abdomen; e, female gonopore (right)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205401/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
d) with sixth somite longest, slightly diverging proximally, sharply curved distally; telson about as long as broad, slightly shorter than sixth somite.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A596D6A55AB0BC1F58DF8D8" blockId="29.[151,1436,1655,1967]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
G1 (
<figureCitation id="133867DF4A596D6A55960BC1F542F968" box="[248,330,1727,1751]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1527,1550]" captionTargetBox="[201,1389,246,1447]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,193,1506]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 14. Perisesarma guttatum (A. Milne-Edwards, 1869), male (SMF 37370): a – d; female (SMF 37370): e. a, posterior surface of carapace; b, cheliped of male, outer surface; c, G 1, ventral surface (right); d, male abdomen; e, female gonopore (right)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205401/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
c) quite straight, slightly tapering distally, distinct longitudinal suture along ventrolateral surface; apical chitinous process long, curved outwards at 60º angle, apically 2-lobed, ventral lobe longer, apically round; distal opening subdistally on dorsal surface of apical process; long brown setae distally on lateral margin, patch of long brown setae distally on mesial margin, long setae around terminal process, some short ones scarcely along lateral, ventral margins.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A596D6A55AB0A0AF59CF810" blockId="29.[151,1436,1655,1967]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Female gonopore (
<figureCitation id="133867DF4A596D6A54F60A0AF5E1F833" box="[408,489,1908,1932]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1527,1550]" captionTargetBox="[201,1389,246,1447]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,193,1506]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 14. Perisesarma guttatum (A. Milne-Edwards, 1869), male (SMF 37370): a – d; female (SMF 37370): e. a, posterior surface of carapace; b, cheliped of male, outer surface; c, G 1, ventral surface (right); d, male abdomen; e, female gonopore (right)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205401/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
e) in inner part of fifth sternal somite; strongly depressed; with long narrow operculum directing dorsally.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31928D14A5A6D6955AB0DE6F17EFE38" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A5A6D6955AB0DE6F17EFE38" blockId="30.[151,1436,151,1184]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6955AB0DE6F531FF0F" bold="true" box="[197,313,152,176]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A5A6D69542F0DE7F632FF0F" box="[321,570,153,176]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Perisesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatum">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D69542F0DE7F632FF0F" box="[321,570,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Perisesarma guttatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is relatively similar to
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D69562D0DE7F7CBFF0F" box="[835,963,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P. p er s ic um</emphasis>
, the most common species in the Persian Gulf mangroves. Species of
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A5A6D6954BD0DC3F668FF6B" box="[467,608,189,212]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Perisesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6954BD0DC3F668FF6B" box="[467,608,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Perisesarma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are distinguishable from those of
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A5A6D6956B30DC3F07AFF6B" box="[989,1138,189,212]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Parasesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6956B30DC3F07AFF6B" box="[989,1138,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Parasesarma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having an anterolateral tooth on the carapace.
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A5A6D6954F80D9FF686FF47" box="[406,654,225,248]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Perisesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatum">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6954F80D9FF686FF47" box="[406,654,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Perisesarma guttatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is closely allied to
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A5A6D6956050D9FF7FBFF47" box="[875,1011,224,248]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Perisesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="samawati">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6956050D9FF771FF47" box="[875,889,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6956E60D9FF7FBFF47" box="[904,1011,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">samawati</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although genetically distinct and not sister species. The carapace of
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D69549D0C7BF67FFEA3" box="[499,631,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P. s a m a w a t i</emphasis>
is dark with blue spots, and this species has 7–9 tubercles on the upper surface of the movable finger, while such pigmentation is absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A5A6D6956E00C57F005FEFF" box="[910,1037,296,320]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Perisesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatum">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6956E00C57F794FEFF" box="[910,924,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6956C40C57F005FEFF" box="[938,1037,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">guttatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and there are 9–11 tubercles on the upper surface of movable finger. Another difference is in the form of the G1, which the apical chitinous process of
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A5A6D6955F90C0FF51FFE37" box="[151,279,368,392]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Perisesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatum">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6955F90C0FF4ADFE37" box="[151,165,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6955DD0C0FF51FFE37" box="[179,279,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">guttatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is bent slightly more than in
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A5A6D6957300C0FF6E0FE38" box="[606,744,368,392]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Perisesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="samawati">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6957300C0FF664FE37" box="[606,620,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6957140C0EF6E0FE38" box="[634,744,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Samawati</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is at about a 45º angle (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A5A6D6951280C11F162FE38" author="Gillikin" box="[1094,1386,367,391]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Gillikin, D. P. &amp; Schubart, C. D. (2004) Ecology and systematics of mangrove crabs of the genus Perisesarma (Crustacea: Brachyura: Sesarmidae) from East Africa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 141, 435 - 445." type="journal article" year="2004">Gillikin &amp; Schubart 2004</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31928D14A5A6D6955AB0CEDF77CFB20" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A5A6D6955AB0CEDF51AFCE3" blockId="30.[151,1436,151,1184]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6955AB0CEDF52DFE13" bold="true" box="[197,293,403,428]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Biology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A5A6D69545E0CEBF624FE13" box="[304,556,405,428]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Perisesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatum">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D69545E0CEBF624FE13" box="[304,556,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Perisesarma guttatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a medium-size species. All three specimens collected by M. Apel from Fujairah in the Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A5A6D6954F90CC9F5D3FE70" box="[407,475,439,463]" name="Oman" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Oman</collectingCountry>
are small in size (largest male CL =
<quantity id="4CFBD6BF4A5A6D69561C0CC9F7EEFE70" box="[882,998,439,463]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0619999999999998" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="10.62">10.62 mm</quantity>
, CB =
<quantity id="4CFBD6BF4A5A6D69515C0CC9F0AEFE70" box="[1074,1190,439,463]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.29" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="12.9">12.90 mm</quantity>
, ovigerous female CL =
<quantity id="4CFBD6BF4A5A6D6955DF0CA2F513FE4B" box="[177,283,476,500]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.24" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="6.24">6.24 mm</quantity>
, CB =
<quantity id="4CFBD6BF4A5A6D6954180CA2F5E9FE4B" box="[374,481,476,500]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.18" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="8.18">8.18 mm</quantity>
). This species is one of the dominant species of mangroves in the Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A5A6D6950390CA2F194FE4B" box="[1367,1436,476,500]" name="Oman" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Oman</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A5A6D6955F00C81F58DFDA8" author="Hywel-Davies" box="[158,389,511,535]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Hywel-Davies, A. (1994) A Quantitative Analysis of the Horizontal and Vertical Zonation of Brachyura and Mollusca Associated with the Qurm Mangal, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. Master thesis, School of Ocean Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor, 61 pp." type="book" year="1994">Hywel-Davies 1994</bibRefCitation>
). It should be remarked that
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A5A6D6957A90C81F7B3FDA8" author="Hywel-Davies" box="[711,955,511,535]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Hywel-Davies, A. (1994) A Quantitative Analysis of the Horizontal and Vertical Zonation of Brachyura and Mollusca Associated with the Qurm Mangal, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. Master thesis, School of Ocean Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor, 61 pp." type="book" year="1994">Hywel-Davies (1994)</bibRefCitation>
did not record
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A5A6D6951090F7FF164FDA7" box="[1127,1388,513,536]" class="Malacostraca" family="Grapsidae" genus="Metopograpsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="messor">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6951090F7FF164FDA7" box="[1127,1388,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Metopograpsus messor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A5A6D6955F90F5BF515FD83" box="[151,285,549,572]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Parasesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persicum">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6955F90F5BF4ADFD83" box="[151,165,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6955D80F5BF515FD83" box="[182,285,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">persicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from these regions, which are common species in the Persian Gulf (Cooper 1977;
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A5A6D6951840F5AF4DAFDE0" author="Apel" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Apel, M. &amp; Turkay, M. (1999) Taxonomic Composition, Distribution and Zoogeographic Relationships of the Grapsid and Ocypodid Crab Fauna of Intertidal Soft Bottoms in the Persian Gulf. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 49 (Supplement A), 131 - 142." type="journal article" year="1999">Apel &amp; Türkay 1999</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A5A6D6955B10F39F61BFDE0" author="Naderloo" box="[223,531,583,607]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Naderloo, R. &amp; Schubart, C. D. (2010) Description of a new species of Parasesarma (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Sesarmidae) from the Persian Gulf, based on morphological and genetic characteristics. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 249, 33 - 43." type="journal article" year="2010">Naderloo &amp; Schubart 2010</bibRefCitation>
; present study) and north Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A5A6D6956F80F39F7D2FDE0" box="[918,986,583,607]" name="Oman" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Oman</collectingCountry>
in the Iranian coast (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A5A6D6951A50F39F5A6FD3B" author="Naderloo" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Naderloo, R. &amp; Schubart, C. D. (2010) Description of a new species of Parasesarma (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Sesarmidae) from the Persian Gulf, based on morphological and genetic characteristics. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 249, 33 - 43." type="journal article" year="2010">Naderloo &amp; Schubart 2010; present study</bibRefCitation>
). These two species seems to have been replaced by
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A5A6D6951620F13F086FD3B" box="[1036,1166,621,644]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Perisesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatum">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6951620F13F012FD3B" box="[1036,1050,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6951440F13F086FD3B" box="[1066,1166,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">guttatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A5A6D6951A90F13F15AFD3B" box="[1223,1362,620,644]" class="Malacostraca" family="Grapsidae" genus="Metopograpsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thukuhar">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6951A90F13F0D6FD3B" box="[1223,1246,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6951830F12F15AFD3B" box="[1261,1362,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">thukuhar</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the southern Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A5A6D6954350FF1F5A8FD18" box="[347,416,655,679]" name="Oman" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Oman</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A5A6D6954C10FF1F69FFD18" author="Hywel-Davies" box="[431,663,655,679]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Hywel-Davies, A. (1994) A Quantitative Analysis of the Horizontal and Vertical Zonation of Brachyura and Mollusca Associated with the Qurm Mangal, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. Master thesis, School of Ocean Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor, 61 pp." type="book" year="1994">Hywel-Davies 1994</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A5A6D6957C20FEFF7ACFD17" box="[684,932,657,680]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Perisesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatum">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6957C20FEFF7ACFD17" box="[684,932,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Perisesarma guttatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has also been recorded from the mangroves of
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A5A6D6955D60FCAF509FD73" box="[184,257,692,716]" name="Malta" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Melita</collectingCountry>
Bay in the Red Sea, where it occurs on the trunk of A
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6956E60FCBF04AFD73" box="[904,1090,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">vicennia marina</emphasis>
together with
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A5A6D6951800FCBF5B6FD50" authority="Holthuis, 1977" authorityName="Holthuis" authorityYear="1977" class="Malacostraca" family="Grapsidae" genus="Metopograpsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thukuhar">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6951800FCBF4F4FD4F" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Metopograpsus thukuhar</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A5A6D6954640FA9F5BDFD50" author="Holthuis" box="[266,437,727,751]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Holthuis, L. B. (1977) The Grapsidae, Gecarcinidae and Palicidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) of the Red Sea. Israel Journal of Zoology, 26 (3 - 4), 141 - 192." type="journal article" year="1977">Holthuis, 1977</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A5A6D6954A60FA7F6C8FD4F" box="[456,704,729,752]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Perisesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatum">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6954A60FA7F6C8FD4F" box="[456,704,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Perisesarma guttatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is common in the East Africa mangroves (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A5A6D6951F70FA9F132FD50" author="Hartnoll" box="[1177,1338,727,751]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Hartnoll, R. G. (1975) The Grapsidae and Ocypodidae (Decapoda: Brachyura) of Tanzania. Journal of Zoology, London, 177 (3), 305 - 328." type="journal article" year="1975">Hartnoll 1975</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A5A6D69502B0FA9F547FCAB" author="Vannini" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Vannini, M. &amp; Valmori, P. (1981) Researches on the coast of Somalia. The shore and the dune of Sar Uanle. 30. Grapsidae (Decapoda, Brachyura). Monitore Zoologico Italiano, (N. S.), Supplement 14, 57 - 101." type="journal article" year="1981">Vannini &amp; Valmori 1981</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A5A6D6954340F82F5F4FCAB" author="Crosnier" box="[346,508,764,788]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Crosnier, A. (1965) Crustaces Decapodes, Grapsidae et Ocypodidae. Faune de Madagascar, 18, 1 - 143." type="journal article" year="1965">Crosnier 1965</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A5A6D6957690F82F72DFCAB" author="Gillikin" box="[519,805,764,788]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Gillikin, D. P. &amp; Schubart, C. D. (2004) Ecology and systematics of mangrove crabs of the genus Perisesarma (Crustacea: Brachyura: Sesarmidae) from East Africa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 141, 435 - 445." type="journal article" year="2004">Gillikin &amp; Schubart 2004</bibRefCitation>
) and is sympatric with its conger
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6951F20F83F116FCAB" box="[1180,1310,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P. s a m a w a t i</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A5A6D6950470F82F54CFC88" author="Gillikin" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Gillikin, D. P. &amp; Schubart, C. D. (2004) Ecology and systematics of mangrove crabs of the genus Perisesarma (Crustacea: Brachyura: Sesarmidae) from East Africa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 141, 435 - 445." type="journal article" year="2004">Gillikin &amp; Schubart, 2004</bibRefCitation>
. However,
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A5A6D6954AF0E5FF637FC87" box="[449,575,801,824]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Perisesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatum">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6954AF0E5FF5C7FC87" box="[449,463,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6954B20E5FF637FC87" box="[476,575,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">guttatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs extensively and is distributed widely in East Africa (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A5A6D6951B00E61F50EFCE3" author="Gillikin" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Gillikin, D. P. &amp; Schubart, C. D. (2004) Ecology and systematics of mangrove crabs of the genus Perisesarma (Crustacea: Brachyura: Sesarmidae) from East Africa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 141, 435 - 445." type="journal article" year="2004">Gillikin &amp; Schubart 2004</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A5A6D6955AB0E19F6BEFBB0" blockId="30.[151,1436,151,1184]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6955AB0E19F51FFC3F" bold="true" box="[197,279,871,896]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Colour</emphasis>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A5A6D6954480E19F646FCC0" author="Vannini" box="[294,590,871,895]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Vannini, M. &amp; Valmori, P. (1981) Researches on the coast of Somalia. The shore and the dune of Sar Uanle. 30. Grapsidae (Decapoda, Brachyura). Monitore Zoologico Italiano, (N. S.), Supplement 14, 57 - 101." type="journal article" year="1981">Vannini &amp; Valmori (1981)</bibRefCitation>
briefly described the colour pattern of live
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A5A6D6951570E17F0B1FC3F" box="[1081,1209,873,896]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Perisesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatum">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6951570E17F04FFC3F" box="[1081,1095,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6951380E17F0B1FC3F" box="[1110,1209,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">guttatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A5A6D6951910E17F145FC3E" box="[1279,1357,873,897]" name="Kenya" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Kenya</collectingCountry>
: posterior surface of the carapace dark violet, walking legs light violet; chelipeds dark violet on the proximal part and upper surface, distally getting red, inner surface of the chelipeds red-orange. An alcohol-preserved specimen collected from
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A5A6D6954700EABF56FFC52" box="[286,359,981,1005]" name="Kenya" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Kenya</collectingCountry>
in 1998 still shows the general colour pattern described by
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A5A6D69516B0EAAF127FC53" author="Vannini" box="[1029,1327,980,1004]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Vannini, M. &amp; Valmori, P. (1981) Researches on the coast of Somalia. The shore and the dune of Sar Uanle. 30. Grapsidae (Decapoda, Brachyura). Monitore Zoologico Italiano, (N. S.), Supplement 14, 57 - 101." type="journal article" year="1981">Vannini &amp; Valmori (1981)</bibRefCitation>
, although the preserved specimens have brighten cheliped.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A5A6D6955AB0965F611FBE7" blockId="30.[151,1436,151,1184]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6955AB0965F59EFB8B" bold="true" box="[197,406,1051,1076]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Regional records.</emphasis>
GULF OF
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A5A6D6957780962F663FB8B" box="[534,619,1052,1076]" name="Oman" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">OMAN</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A5A6D6957120962F6DDFB8B" box="[636,725,1052,1076]" name="Oman" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6957120962F6DDFB8B" bold="true" box="[636,725,1052,1076]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Muscat</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A5A6D69578D0962F7C1FB8B" author="Hywel-Davies" box="[739,969,1052,1076]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Hywel-Davies, A. (1994) A Quantitative Analysis of the Horizontal and Vertical Zonation of Brachyura and Mollusca Associated with the Qurm Mangal, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. Master thesis, School of Ocean Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor, 61 pp." type="book" year="1994">Hywel-Davies 1994</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A5A6D6956B20965F01FFB8B" box="[988,1047,1051,1076]" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6956B20965F01FFB8B" bold="true" box="[988,1047,1051,1076]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">UAE</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A5A6D69514B0962F0A8FB8B" author="Apel" box="[1061,1184,1052,1076]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Apel, M. (2001) Taxonomie und Zoogeographie der Brachyura, Paguridea und Porcellanidae (Crustacea: Decapoda) des Persisch-Arabischen Golfes, pp. 1 - 268. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitat, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 260 pp." type="book chapter" year="2001">Apel 2001</bibRefCitation>
). There is no record of this species from the Persian Gulf.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A5A6D6955AB091DF77CFB20" blockId="30.[151,1436,151,1184]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A5A6D6955AB091DF60DFBC3" bold="true" box="[197,517,1123,1148]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Geographical distribution.</emphasis>
Western Indian Ocean (excluding the Persian Gulf):
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A5A6D695102091AF109FBC3" box="[1132,1281,1124,1148]" name="South Africa" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A5A6D695061091AF190FBC3" box="[1295,1432,1124,1148]" name="Madagascar" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A5A6D6955F909F9F4F7FB20" box="[151,255,1159,1183]" name="Tanzania" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A5A6D69546709F6F55DFB1F" box="[265,341,1160,1184]" name="Kenya" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Kenya</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A5A6D69540E09F9F5B7FB20" box="[352,447,1159,1183]" name="Somalia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Somalia</collectingCountry>
, Red Sea, southwestern Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A5A6D69564609F9F778FB20" box="[808,880,1159,1183]" name="Oman" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Oman</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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