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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.363.6482" ID-GBIF-Dataset="36e5551d-3881-45a2-810a-386e517c86fc" ID-PMC="PMC3867181" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-363-1" ID-PubMed="24363601" ID-ZBK="780695A9CB2E4FECA0560BA6F456185E" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-363-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 363" ModsDocTitle="A revision of the shore-fly genus Hydrochasma Hendel (Diptera, Ephydridae)" checkinTime="1451246560986" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Mathis, Wayne N. &amp; Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz" docDate="2013" docId="82B010047E50A50CEFEF32EB34047BA7" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 363: 1-161" docOrigin="ZooKeys 363" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.363.6482" docTitle="Hydrochasma denticum Mathis &amp; Zatwarnicki, 2013, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="67363C11-5AA7-4505-B987-0FD186FCB6B8" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="FFF2FFCA0333765855689824FFCDB839" masterDocTitle="A revision of the shore-fly genus Hydrochasma Hendel (Diptera, Ephydridae)" masterLastPageNumber="161" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1668157177207" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A revision of the shore-fly genus Hydrochasma Hendel (Diptera, Ephydridae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Mathis, Wayne N.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>363</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>161</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.363.6482</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.363.6482</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-363-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">780695A9CB2E4FECA0560BA6F456185E</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">780695A9CB2E4FECA0560BA6F456185E</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152050157" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:67363C11-5AA7-4505-B987-0FD186FCB6B8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/82B010047E50A50CEFEF32EB34047BA7" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
11.
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/67363C11-5AA7-4505-B987-0FD186FCB6B8" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrochasma denticum" order="Diptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticum">Hydrochasma denticum</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="33" pageNumber="34">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 62-69, 71
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Small shore flies, body length 1.15-1.70 mm.
<pageBreakToken pageId="34" pageNumber="35" start="start">Head</pageBreakToken>
: Antenna mostly dark gray; parafacial silvery white, concolorous with facial coloration (Figs 62-64); gena-to-eye ratio 0.0.19-0.21. Thorax: Wing with costal vein ratio 0.68-0.71; M vein ratio 0.54-0.56. Forecoxa whitish gray, yellowish at apices; forefemur lacking a distinctive, comb-like row of stout setulae along anteroventral surface; tibiae mostly gray. Abdomen: Tergites 2-3with wedge-shaped silvery-gray areas on slate black dorsum (Fig. 71); tergite 5 of male mostly gray with blackish posterior margin. Male terminalia (Figs 65-68): Combined structures generally moderately elongate, in posterior view height 2.25
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width, generally sparsely setulose dorsally, setulae sparse or lacking ventrally; epandrium lacking dorsal arch above cerci, in posterior view (Fig. 65) with apical 1/2-2/3 abruptly narrowed, parallel sided, apical process not wider than apical 1/2, apex with very narrow apicomedial cleft, in lateral view (Fig. 66) very elongate, narrow with basal 3/4 straight, apical 1/3 becoming slightly wider, slightly expanded, apex narrowly rounded, with paired subapical tooth-like structures on each process; aedeagus in lateral view (Fig. 68) very elongate and very narrow, mostly parallel sided, apical 1/8 expanded anteriorly and to a less degree posteriorly, apex irregularly rounded, in ventral view (Fig. 67) very narrow and elongate, apical 1/8 bulbously expanded, apex broadly V-shaped; phallapodeme in lateral view (Fig. 68) very narrow and elongate, rod-like, hypandrial end with narrowly pointed keel, aedeagal end very shallowly curved, in ventral view (Fig. 67) elongate, narrow, truncate, slightly and gradually expanded at aedeagal end, hypandrial end with 2 narrow crossbars; gonite in lateral view (Fig. 68) as a very shallowly curved, rod-like process, about equal in length to phallapodeme, in ventral view (Fig. 67) shallowly curved to straight, tapered at both apices; hypandrium in lateral view (Fig. 68) narrowly developed, anterior half narrowly angled, gradually expanded toward midlength, thereafter narrowed to parallel-sided, elongate extension, in ventral view (Fig. 67) moderately deeply and thickly V-shaped, with base of V rectangular, robustly developed, extended lateral arms thick, elongate, each narrowly cleft apically, bifurcate.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
Figures 62-64.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrochasma denticum" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticum">Hydrochasma denticum</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (Ecuador. Orellana:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Tiputini) 62 head, anterior view 63 same, lateral view 64 same, oblique view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
Figures 65-68.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrochasma denticum" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticum">Hydrochasma denticum</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (Ecuador. Orellana:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Tiputini) 65 epandrium and cerci, posterior view 66 same, lateral view 67 internal structures of male terminalia (aedeagus [shaded], phallapodeme, gonite, hypandrium), ventral view 68 same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
The holotype male of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrochasma denticum" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticum">
<pageBreakToken pageId="35" pageNumber="36" start="start">Hydrochasma</pageBreakToken>
denticum
</taxonomicName>
is labeled &quot;ECUADOR. Prt. Or[e][l]lana: RioTiputini(
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-0.63666666">0°38.2'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-76.14833">76°8.9'W</geoCoordinate>
), 12-26 Aug 1999, W.N.Mathis, A. Baptista, M. Kotrba/USNM ENT 00117964 [plastic bar code label]/HOLOTYPE ♂
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrochasma denticum" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticum">Hydrochasma denticum</taxonomicName>
Mathis &amp; Zatwarnicki, USNM [red].&quot; The holotype is double mounted (minuten in a block of plastic), is in excellent condition, and is deposited in the USNM. Seventeen paratypes (15♂, 2♀; USNM) bear the same label data as the holotype.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Ecuador. Orellana:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Tiputini (
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-0.63666666">0°38.2'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-76.14833">76°8.9'W</geoCoordinate>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="other specimens examined">
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Neotropical. BOLIVIA. El Beni: Cavinas (
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-12.516666">12°31'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-66.816666">66°49'W</geoCoordinate>
), Jan 1922, W. M. Mann (2♀; USNM); Huachi (
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-14.23">14°13.8'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-63.535">63°32.1'W</geoCoordinate>
), 21 Sep, W. M. Mann (13♂, 1♀; ANSP, USNM). La Paz: Guanay (
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-15.496667">15°29.8'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-67.878334">67°52.7'W</geoCoordinate>
), 460 m), 13 Mar 2001, W. N. Mathis (2♂; USNM).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
HONDURAS.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cortés">Cortes</normalizedToken>
: San Pedro Sula (8 km S;
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="15.428333">15°25.7'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-88.02333">88°01.4'W</geoCoordinate>
), 25-26 Sep 1995, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
PERU. Madre de Dios:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Manu, Pakitza (
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-11.943334">11°56.6'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-71.28167">71°16.9'W</geoCoordinate>
; 250 m), 9 Sep 1988, W. N. Mathis (10♂, 15♀; USNM).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
(Fig. 69). Neotropical: Bolivia (El Beni, La Paz), Ecuador (Orellana), Honduras (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cortés">Cortes</normalizedToken>
), Peru (Madre de Dios).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Figure 69. Distribution of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrochasma denticum" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticum">Hydrochasma denticum</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Figures 70-71. Abdomens of females, dorsal view. 70
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrochasma spinosum" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosum">Hydrochasma spinosum</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (Costa Rica. Puntarenas: Dominical) 71
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrochasma denticum" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticum">Hydrochasma denticum</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (Ecuador. Orellana:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Tiputini). Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">The species epithet, denticum, is of Latin derivation and means tooth, referring to the tooth-like subapical structures toward the apex of the extended epandrium.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<pageBreakToken pageId="36" pageNumber="37" start="start">Remarks</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
As implied by its
<normalizedToken originalValue="species’">species'</normalizedToken>
name, denticum, this species is distinguished from congeners by the paired, tooth-like structures located subapically on each of the ventral epandrial processes. In addition, the hypandrium in ventral view is V-shaped with robust, posterior arms that in turn are bifurcate apically.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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