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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526" ID-GBIF-Dataset="76371b49-f4f1-4219-829f-9fc766d2fa60" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1120-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="DB329BE83C4757FCAFDA96535E8C0D89" ID-ZooBank="711E0A8282AB43B59CC489BD87955061" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1120-1" checkinTime="1662465950044" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lee, Chi-Feng &amp; Hsieh, Chia-Hung" docDate="2022" docId="432D91A423A65330A51FE3236898EF42" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1120: 1-46" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1120" docPubDate="2022-09-05" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526" docTitle="Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui Lee &amp; Hsieh 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="EECC59E7-265B-479E-9A7B-7C2EDCDBA4AE" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" id="DB329BE83C4757FCAFDA96535E8C0D89" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="DB329BE83C4757FCAFDA96535E8C0D89" masterDocTitle="Integrative taxonomy of the leaf-beetle genus Gonioctena Chevrolat, 1836 in Taiwan (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae, Gonioctenini) reveals new synonymies and one new species" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1662466648910" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Integrative taxonomy of the leaf-beetle genus Gonioctena Chevrolat, 1836 in Taiwan (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae, Gonioctenini) reveals new synonymies and one new species</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Lee, Chi-Feng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Applied Zoology Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Taichung 413, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Hsieh, Chia-Hung</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Forestry and Nature Conservation, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 111, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">xjh4@ulive.pccu.edu.tw</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2022-09-05</mods:number>
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<taxonomicName LSID="https://zoobank.org/EECC59E7-265B-479E-9A7B-7C2EDCDBA4AE" authority="Lee &amp; Hsieh, 2022" authorityName="Lee &amp; Hsieh" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liui" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Brachyphytodecta">Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Habitus of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) scutellaris Baly and G. (B.) liui sp. nov. A G. (B.) scutellaris, color variation, from Taiwan, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C ditto, lateral view D G. (B.) liui sp. nov., dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738728" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 9D-F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Diagnostic characters of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui sp. nov. A antenna B aedeagus, dorsal view C aedeagus, lateral view D gonocoxae E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738731" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 12</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Natural history of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui sp. nov. on host plant Ormosia formosana (Fabaceae) A the whole tree, Ormosia formosana (Fabaceae), the shape indicated by arrows B bloomed in April C flower buds and larvae collected with the sweeping net D fourth-instar larva burrowing into the soil and built underground chambers for pupation E pupa F adults." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738732" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 13</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authority="Lee &amp; Hsieh, 2022" authorityName="Lee &amp; Hsieh" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gonioctena issikii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="issikii" status="sp. nov.">Gonioctena issikii</taxonomicName>
: 
<bibRefCitation author="Ge, S-Q" journalOrPublisher="Genus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="579 - 587" publicationUrl="http://www.cassidae.uni.wroc.pl/Daccordi_Gonioctena%20warchalowskii.pdf" refId="B25" refString="Ge, S-Q, Daccordi, M, Yang, X-K, 2007. Two new species of the genus Gonioctena Chevrolat from China (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae). Genus 18: 579 - 587, http://www.cassidae.uni.wroc.pl/Daccordi_Gonioctena%20warchalowskii.pdf" title="Two new species of the genus Gonioctena Chevrolat from China (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae)." url="http://www.cassidae.uni.wroc.pl/Daccordi_Gonioctena%20warchalowskii.pdf" volume="18" year="2007">Ge et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
: 582 (aedeagus); 
<bibRefCitation author="Cho, HW" journalOrPublisher="Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, Poland" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B11" refString="Cho, HW, 2016. Revision and classification of the genus Gonioctena Chevrolat, 1837 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae). Ph. D. dissertation. Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, Poland" title="Revision and classification of the genus Gonioctena Chevrolat, 1837 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae). Ph. D. dissertation." year="2016">Cho 2016</bibRefCitation>
: 95 (redescription). Misidentification
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="types (n = 95)">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Types (n = 95).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
♂ (TARI): TAIWAN. Nantou: Peitungyanshan (北東眼山), 3.VII.2014, leg. F.-S. Huang, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="變葉新木薑子">變葉新木薑子</normalizedToken>
(
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Neolitsea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Neolitsea aciculata subsp. var. var. variabillima" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="aciculata" subSpecies="var." variety="variabillima">Neolitsea aciculata var. variabillima</taxonomicName>
) 
<normalizedToken originalValue="噴霧">噴霧</normalizedToken>
(fogging). 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</emphasis>
. Nantou: 3♂, 4♀ (TARI), Lienhuachih (蓮華池), 7.V.2016, leg. C.-J. Liu; 5♂ (TARI), same but with 
<normalizedToken originalValue="“21.V.2016”">&quot;21.V.2016&quot;</normalizedToken>
, reared from larvae; 5♂, 5♀ (TARI), same locality, 10.V.2016, leg. H. Lee; 9♂, 9♀ (TARI), same but with 
<normalizedToken originalValue="“20.V.2017”">&quot;20.V.2017&quot;</normalizedToken>
; 5♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 12.V.2016, leg. P.-H. Li; 2♀ (TARI), same locality, 22.III.2018, leg. J.-C. Chen; 3♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 25.V.2019, leg. B.-H. Ho; 9♂, 15♀ (TARI), same locality, 20.IV.2020, leg. C.-F. Lee; 12♂, 7♀ (TARI), same but with 
<normalizedToken originalValue="“3.VI.2020”">&quot;3.VI.2020&quot;</normalizedToken>
; 1♂, 3♀ (TARI), same locality, 16.IV.2021, leg. W.-C. Liao.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Length 5.3-6.1 mm, width 3.2-3.9 mm. Body color (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Habitus of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) scutellaris Baly and G. (B.) liui sp. nov. A G. (B.) scutellaris, color variation, from Taiwan, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C ditto, lateral view D G. (B.) liui sp. nov., dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738728" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9D-F</figureCitation>
) blackish brown; antennomeres I-V, sides of pronotum and hypomeron yellowish brown; elytra with wide yellowish brown outer margins and suture. Antennae (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Diagnostic characters of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui sp. nov. A antenna B aedeagus, dorsal view C aedeagus, lateral view D gonocoxae E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738731" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12A</figureCitation>
) with antennomere III slender, IV and V slightly swollen, VI and VII moderately swollen, VIII-X strongly swollen, XI elongate oval, length ratios of antennomeres I-XI 1.0: 0.5: 0.6: 0.5: 0.4: 0.4: 0.5: 0.6: 0.6: 0.6: 1.0, length to width ratios of antennomeres I-XI 2.1: 1.5: 2.2: 1.6: 1.5: 1.0: 1.0: 1.0: 1.1: 1.0: 1.8. Pronotum 2.3 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
wider than long, lateral margins widest at base, convergent anteriorly, anterior angles strongly produced; anterior and lateral margins bordered, lateral margins barely visible in dorsal view; trichobothria absent on both anterior and posterior angles; disc covered with sparse fine punctures and mixed with finer punctures; both sides covered with much larger, denser punctures. Scutellum distinctly wider than long, narrowed posteriorly. Elytra 1.3 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide; lateral margins slightly wider posteriorly, widest near middle; humeral calli well developed; disc covered with rather regular coarse punctures arranged into single stria; interspaces covered with fine, sparse punctures. Hind wing well developed. Aedeagus (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Diagnostic characters of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui sp. nov. A antenna B aedeagus, dorsal view C aedeagus, lateral view D gonocoxae E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738731" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12B</figureCitation>
. C) with apical process wide and short in dorsal view, 0.1 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as aedeagus; lateral margins slightly narrowed in basal 1/3; strongly curved in lateral view; endophallic sclerite extremely elongate. Gonocoxae (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Diagnostic characters of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui sp. nov. A antenna B aedeagus, dorsal view C aedeagus, lateral view D gonocoxae E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738731" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12D</figureCitation>
) narrow, but apically narrowed, with few long setae along apical margins. Ventrite VIII (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Diagnostic characters of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui sp. nov. A antenna B aedeagus, dorsal view C aedeagus, lateral view D gonocoxae E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738731" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12E</figureCitation>
) transverse, with several long setae along outer margin. Receptacle of spermatheca (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Diagnostic characters of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui sp. nov. A antenna B aedeagus, dorsal view C aedeagus, lateral view D gonocoxae E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738731" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12F</figureCitation>
) slightly swollen, not separated from pump; pump short and curved; sclerotized proximal spermathecal duct moderately short.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738731" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 12.</emphasis>
Diagnostic characters of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lee &amp; Hsieh" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liui" subGenus="Brachyphytodecta">Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
antenna 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
aedeagus, dorsal view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
aedeagus, lateral view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
gonocoxae 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
abdominal ventrite VIII 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
spermatheca.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lee &amp; Hsieh" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liui" subGenus="Brachyphytodecta">Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. can be distinguished from the other consubgeneric species, 
<taxonomicName family="Cannabaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="G. (B.) scutellaris" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scutellaris" subGenus="B.">G. (B.) scutellaris</taxonomicName>
, by the following combination of the characters: black head, most of pronotum (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Habitus of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) scutellaris Baly and G. (B.) liui sp. nov. A G. (B.) scutellaris, color variation, from Taiwan, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C ditto, lateral view D G. (B.) liui sp. nov., dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738728" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9D</figureCitation>
), and thoracic and abdominal ventrites (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Habitus of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) scutellaris Baly and G. (B.) liui sp. nov. A G. (B.) scutellaris, color variation, from Taiwan, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C ditto, lateral view D G. (B.) liui sp. nov., dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738728" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9E</figureCitation>
) (yellowish brown head and pronotum (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) scutellaris Baly and G. (B.) fulva (Motschulsky) A G. (B.) scutellaris, typical form, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C same species, color variation, syntype of G. dichroa Fairmaire D G. (B.) fulva, dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738727" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Habitus of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) scutellaris Baly and G. (B.) liui sp. nov. A G. (B.) scutellaris, color variation, from Taiwan, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C ditto, lateral view D G. (B.) liui sp. nov., dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738728" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9A</figureCitation>
), thoracic and abdominal ventrites (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) scutellaris Baly and G. (B.) fulva (Motschulsky) A G. (B.) scutellaris, typical form, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C same species, color variation, syntype of G. dichroa Fairmaire D G. (B.) fulva, dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738727" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Habitus of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) scutellaris Baly and G. (B.) liui sp. nov. A G. (B.) scutellaris, color variation, from Taiwan, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C ditto, lateral view D G. (B.) liui sp. nov., dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738728" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9B</figureCitation>
) in 
<taxonomicName family="Cannabaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="G. (B.) scutellaris" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scutellaris" subGenus="B.">G. (B.) scutellaris</taxonomicName>
), short, wide apical process of aedeagus (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Diagnostic characters of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui sp. nov. A antenna B aedeagus, dorsal view C aedeagus, lateral view D gonocoxae E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738731" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12B, C</figureCitation>
) (extremely elongate apical process of aedeagus in 
<taxonomicName family="Cannabaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="G. (B.) scutellaris" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scutellaris" subGenus="B.">G. (B.) scutellaris</taxonomicName>
(Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Diagnostic characters of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) scutellaris Baly A antenna B aedeagus, dorsal view C aedeagus, lateral view D gonocoxae E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738729" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">10B, C</figureCitation>
), and narrow gonocoxae covered with fewer setae (wide gonocoxae covered with more setae in 
<taxonomicName family="Cannabaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="G. (B.) scutellaris" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scutellaris" subGenus="B.">G. (B.) scutellaris</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Although 
<bibRefCitation author="Ge, S-Q" journalOrPublisher="Genus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="579 - 587" publicationUrl="http://www.cassidae.uni.wroc.pl/Daccordi_Gonioctena%20warchalowskii.pdf" refId="B25" refString="Ge, S-Q, Daccordi, M, Yang, X-K, 2007. Two new species of the genus Gonioctena Chevrolat from China (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae). Genus 18: 579 - 587, http://www.cassidae.uni.wroc.pl/Daccordi_Gonioctena%20warchalowskii.pdf" title="Two new species of the genus Gonioctena Chevrolat from China (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae)." url="http://www.cassidae.uni.wroc.pl/Daccordi_Gonioctena%20warchalowskii.pdf" volume="18" year="2007">Ge et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
drew only the aedeagi in dorsal and lateral views when 
<taxonomicName family="Cannabaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="G. issikii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="issikii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. issikii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was mentioned, it is easily identified as this new species. 
<bibRefCitation author="Cho, HW" journalOrPublisher="Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, Poland" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B11" refString="Cho, HW, 2016. Revision and classification of the genus Gonioctena Chevrolat, 1837 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae). Ph. D. dissertation. Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, Poland" title="Revision and classification of the genus Gonioctena Chevrolat, 1837 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae). Ph. D. dissertation." year="2016">Cho (2016)</bibRefCitation>
redescibed 
<taxonomicName family="Cannabaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="G. issikii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="issikii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. issikii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in detail but it actually fits perfectly this new species. The type specimen was not studied by these authors mentioned above.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="host">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Host plant.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Ormosia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ormosia formosana" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="formosana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ormosia formosana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kanehira (new record, present study).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lee &amp; Hsieh" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liui" subGenus="Brachyphytodecta">Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui</taxonomicName>
populations are presumed to be multivoltine during spring, and females are ovoviviparous. Host plants are one of only a few woody 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chevrolat in Dejean" authorityYear="1836" class="Insecta" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
in Taiwan. They grow 7-9 m high (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Natural history of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui sp. nov. on host plant Ormosia formosana (Fabaceae) A the whole tree, Ormosia formosana (Fabaceae), the shape indicated by arrows B bloomed in April C flower buds and larvae collected with the sweeping net D fourth-instar larva burrowing into the soil and built underground chambers for pupation E pupa F adults." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738732" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13A</figureCitation>
). They started blooming during April (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Natural history of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui sp. nov. on host plant Ormosia formosana (Fabaceae) A the whole tree, Ormosia formosana (Fabaceae), the shape indicated by arrows B bloomed in April C flower buds and larvae collected with the sweeping net D fourth-instar larva burrowing into the soil and built underground chambers for pupation E pupa F adults." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738732" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13B</figureCitation>
). Most adults (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Natural history of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui sp. nov. on host plant Ormosia formosana (Fabaceae) A the whole tree, Ormosia formosana (Fabaceae), the shape indicated by arrows B bloomed in April C flower buds and larvae collected with the sweeping net D fourth-instar larva burrowing into the soil and built underground chambers for pupation E pupa F adults." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738732" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13F</figureCitation>
) and larvae were collected from flower buds (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Natural history of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui sp. nov. on host plant Ormosia formosana (Fabaceae) A the whole tree, Ormosia formosana (Fabaceae), the shape indicated by arrows B bloomed in April C flower buds and larvae collected with the sweeping net D fourth-instar larva burrowing into the soil and built underground chambers for pupation E pupa F adults." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738732" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13C</figureCitation>
). Females deposited larvae and the larvae (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Natural history of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui sp. nov. on host plant Ormosia formosana (Fabaceae) A the whole tree, Ormosia formosana (Fabaceae), the shape indicated by arrows B bloomed in April C flower buds and larvae collected with the sweeping net D fourth-instar larva burrowing into the soil and built underground chambers for pupation E pupa F adults." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738732" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13D</figureCitation>
) fed on internal tissues of the flower buds through holes chewed by adults. They preferred to feed on the flower buds rather than young sprouts. The larval duration was eight days. Mature larvae (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Natural history of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui sp. nov. on host plant Ormosia formosana (Fabaceae) A the whole tree, Ormosia formosana (Fabaceae), the shape indicated by arrows B bloomed in April C flower buds and larvae collected with the sweeping net D fourth-instar larva burrowing into the soil and built underground chambers for pupation E pupa F adults." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738732" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13D</figureCitation>
) burrowed into the soil and built underground chambers for pupation. The duration of the pupal stage (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Natural history of Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui sp. nov. on host plant Ormosia formosana (Fabaceae) A the whole tree, Ormosia formosana (Fabaceae), the shape indicated by arrows B bloomed in April C flower buds and larvae collected with the sweeping net D fourth-instar larva burrowing into the soil and built underground chambers for pupation E pupa F adults." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738732" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13E</figureCitation>
) was nine days at room temperature. Flowering season of the host plant occurs from April to June (
<bibRefCitation author="Huang, TC" editor="Huang, TC" journalOrPublisher="Vol. 3. Editorial Committee of the Flora of Taiwan, Taipei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="160 - 396" refId="B30" refString="Huang, TC, Ohashi, H, 1993. Leguminosae. In: Huang, TC, Ed., Flora of Taiwan, 2nd Edn. Vol. 3. Editorial Committee of the Flora of Taiwan, Taipei: 160 - 396" title="Leguminosae." volumeTitle="Flora of Taiwan, 2 nd Edn." year="1993">Huang and Ohashi 1993</bibRefCitation>
), but the blooming period for individual trees is less than a month.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1120.87526.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/738732" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 13" startId="F13">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 13.</emphasis>
Natural history of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lee &amp; Hsieh" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liui" subGenus="Brachyphytodecta">Gonioctena (Brachyphytodecta) liui</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. on host plant 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Ormosia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ormosia formosana" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="formosana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ormosia formosana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
the whole tree, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Ormosia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ormosia formosana" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="formosana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ormosia formosana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
), the shape indicated by arrows 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
bloomed in April 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
flower buds and larvae collected with the sweeping net 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
fourth-instar larva burrowing into the soil and built underground chambers for pupation 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
pupa 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
adults.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The host plant is an endemic and rare species in Taiwan that is restricted to the central regions (
<bibRefCitation author="Huang, TC" editor="Huang, TC" journalOrPublisher="Vol. 3. Editorial Committee of the Flora of Taiwan, Taipei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="160 - 396" refId="B30" refString="Huang, TC, Ohashi, H, 1993. Leguminosae. In: Huang, TC, Ed., Flora of Taiwan, 2nd Edn. Vol. 3. Editorial Committee of the Flora of Taiwan, Taipei: 160 - 396" title="Leguminosae." volumeTitle="Flora of Taiwan, 2 nd Edn." year="1993">Huang and Ohashi 1993</bibRefCitation>
). Few insects utilize it as a foodplant. The only species documented until now is a skipper, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hsu, Tsukiyama &amp; Chiba" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Leguminosae" genus="Hasora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hasora anura subsp. taiwana" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="anura" subSpecies="taiwana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hasora anura taiwana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Hsu, Y-F" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Studies" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="200 - 209" publicationUrl="https://zoolstud.sinica.edu.tw/Journals/44.2/200.pdf" refId="B29" refString="Hsu, Y-F, Tsukiyama, H, Chiba, H, 2005. Hasora anura de Niceville from Taiwan (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Coeliadinae) representing a new subspecies endemic to the island. Zoological Studies 44: 200 - 209, https://zoolstud.sinica.edu.tw/Journals/44.2/200.pdf" title="Hasora anura de Niceville from Taiwan (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Coeliadinae) representing a new subspecies endemic to the island." url="https://zoolstud.sinica.edu.tw/Journals/44.2/200.pdf" volume="44" year="2005">Hsu et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
(
<taxonomicName authorityName="Moore" authorityYear="1881" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
), which is monophagous on 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Ormosia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ormosia formosana" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="formosana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ormosia formosana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kanehira as a larval foodplant (
<bibRefCitation author="Hsu, Y-F" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Studies" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="200 - 209" publicationUrl="https://zoolstud.sinica.edu.tw/Journals/44.2/200.pdf" refId="B29" refString="Hsu, Y-F, Tsukiyama, H, Chiba, H, 2005. Hasora anura de Niceville from Taiwan (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Coeliadinae) representing a new subspecies endemic to the island. Zoological Studies 44: 200 - 209, https://zoolstud.sinica.edu.tw/Journals/44.2/200.pdf" title="Hasora anura de Niceville from Taiwan (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Coeliadinae) representing a new subspecies endemic to the island." url="https://zoolstud.sinica.edu.tw/Journals/44.2/200.pdf" volume="44" year="2005">Hsu et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="entomology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Entomology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The species name is dedicated to Mr. Cheng-Jr Liu (呂晟智) who collected types and discovered the host plant.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">This new species is restricted to Central Taiwan.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>