310 lines
36 KiB
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310 lines
36 KiB
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<document id="B0524F7620C68DC361266B5A35D4F800" ID-CLB-Dataset="27944" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4522.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="58e0c7c5-75ec-4b1b-beb0-d01527f710f9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2610198" ID-ZooBank="C24EFA8A-A5A0-4B06-A0A9-632F542B9529" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1553624515817" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Jo, Yeong-Seok, Baccus, John T. & Koprowski, John L." docDate="2018" docId="03A0BE3B6461FFD2FF4FFA4DFEFE560F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4522.1.1.pdf.imd" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4522 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Cervus elaphus Linnaeus 1758" docType="treatment" docVersion="16" lastPageNumber="110" masterDocId="FF99C643640AFFBFFFD8FF96FFC1576A" masterDocTitle="Mammals of Korea: a review of their taxonomy, distribution and conservation status" masterLastPageNumber="216" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="108" updateTime="1698667072220" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="0A94EC2844E4A9E7498A68514AF1AF64">Mammals of Korea: a review of their taxonomy, distribution and conservation status</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7066395D3B692B81C0497126A8FAEF88">Jo, Yeong-Seok</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="105B705718287704DFF7B648385DE572">Baccus, John T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="94DCDA1257FE2B533E656D1C27308984">Koprowski, John L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="FD2BCE3BEC1F03533B5D564E1440A4FC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="08FA1C5D5341BE89849AAEF300F9F1F5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="36EFEF809FDDC87097273BDD74836F7D">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3C5F007A5CB34A6BE759C7C983443466">2018-11-19</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="75C0412241A18EE992FFE1C1D7D45607" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4522.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A0BE3B6461FFD2FF4FFA4DFEFE560F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4571330" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154499153" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4571330" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A0BE3B6461FFD2FF4FFA4DFEFE560F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A0BE3B6461FFD2FF4FFA4DFEFE560F" lastPageId="109" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
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<subSubSection id="C3135CA66461FFD4FF4FFA4DFD62529F" box="[151,675,1499,1525]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB60F2D6461FFD4FF4FFA4DFD62529F" blockId="107.[151,675,1499,1525]" box="[151,675,1499,1525]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
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<heading id="D0FEB8416461FFD4FF4FFA4DFD62529F" bold="true" box="[151,675,1499,1525]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B97DD33F6461FFD4FF4FFA4DFD62529F" bold="true" box="[151,675,1499,1525]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6461FFD4FF4FFA4DFDD4529F" ID-CoL="T56G" ID-ENA="9860" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[151,533,1499,1525]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Cervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elaphus">
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<emphasis id="B97DD33F6461FFD4FF4FFA4DFE90529F" bold="true" box="[151,337,1499,1525]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Cervus elaphus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6461FFD4FE80FA4DFDD4529F" author="Linnaeus" box="[344,533,1499,1525]" firstAuthor="Linnaeus" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" refId="ref112017" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Fol. 1. 10 th Edition. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 824 pp. [in Latin]" type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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—Red deer
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3135CA66461FFD4FF4FF9B4FAEF5047" lastPageId="107" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB60F2D6461FFD4FF4FF9B4FE8D513C" blockId="107.[151,1436,1569,1837]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1928036461FFD4FF4FF9B4FE8D513C" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6461FFD4FF4FF9B4FDCA515D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3912934" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3912934" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7088B71D-D115-491C-B623-45604D10CB72" author="Linnaeus" box="[151,523,1569,1591]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB312553603A6C6C6C0E002CB4F1C99E" page="" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" year="1758">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6461FFD4FF4FF9B4FDCA515D" ID-CoL="T56G" authority="Linnaeus, 1758 p. 67" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="67" authorityYear="1758" box="[151,523,1569,1591]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Cervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elaphus">
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<emphasis id="B97DD33F6461FFD4FF4FF9B4FEF5515D" box="[151,308,1569,1591]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Cervus elaphus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6461FFD4FEE2F9B7FDCA515D" author="Linnaeus" box="[314,523,1569,1591]" firstAuthor="Linnaeus" page="67" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" refId="ref112017" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Fol. 1. 10 th Edition. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 824 pp. [in Latin]" type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758 p.67</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<typeStatus id="54B2B18F6461FFD4FDCEF9B4FD89515D" box="[534,584,1570,1591]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Type</typeStatus>
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locality-
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<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD6461FFD4FD71F9B7FD3D515D" box="[681,764,1569,1591]" name="Sweden" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Sweden</collectingCountry>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6461FFD4FCDFF9B4FC76515D" author="Won" box="[775,951,1569,1591]" page="" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" year="1968">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6461FFD4FCDFF9B4FC76515D" author="Won" box="[775,951,1569,1591]" firstAuthor="Won" page="368" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" refId="ref125422" refString="Won, H. K. (1968) The mammals of Korea. Institute of Science Press, Pyeongyang, 408 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="1968">Won, 1968 p.368</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6461FFD4FC1AF9B4FBA1515D" author="Han" box="[962,1120,1569,1591]" page="" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" year="1994">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6461FFD4FC1AF9B4FBA1515D" author="Han" box="[962,1120,1569,1591]" firstAuthor="Han" page="46" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="44 - 50" refId="ref101626" refString="Han, S. H. (1994) The checklist of Mammals in North Korea. Nature Conservation, 86, 44 - 50. [in Korean]" type="journal article" year="1994">Han, 1994 p.46</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6461FFD4FBB3F9B4FAAA515D" author="Won & Smith" box="[1131,1387,1569,1591]" page="" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" year="1999">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6461FFD4FBB3F9B4FAAA515D" author="Won & Smith" box="[1131,1387,1569,1591]" firstAuthor="Won" page="22" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="3 - 33" refId="ref125289" refString="Won, C. M. & Smith, K. G. (1999) History and current status of mammals of the Korean Peninsula. Mammal Review, 29, 3 - 33. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1365 - 2907.1999.00034. x" type="journal article" year="1999">Won & Smith, 1999 p.22</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6461FFD4FAAEF9B7FE89513C" author="Oh" page="" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" year="2004">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6461FFD4FAAEF9B7FE89513C" author="Oh, H." editor="Won, B. O." firstAuthor="Oh" journalOrPublisher="Dongbang Media Press, Seoul" page="265" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="255 - 274" refId="ref116719" refString="Oh, H. S (2004 b) Order Artiodactyla. In: Won, B. O. (Ed.), The mammals of Korea. Dongbang Media Press, Seoul, pp. 255 - 274 [in Korean]" title="Order Artiodactyla" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="The mammals of Korea" year="2004" yearSuffix="b">Oh, 2004b p.265</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB60F2D6461FFD4FF4FF9F6FB77511F" blockId="107.[151,1436,1569,1837]" box="[151,1206,1631,1653]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1928036461FFD4FF4FF9F6FB77511F" box="[151,1206,1631,1653]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6461FFD4FF4FF9F6FD9B511F" author="Milne-Edwards" box="[151,602,1631,1653]" page="" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" year="1867">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6461FFD4FF4FF9F6FD9B511F" authority="Milne-Edwards, 1867 p. 376" authorityName="Milne-Edwards" authorityPageNumber="376" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,602,1631,1653]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Cervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xanthopygus">
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<emphasis id="B97DD33F6461FFD4FF4FF9F6FEF5511F" box="[151,308,1631,1653]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">C. xanthopygus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6461FFD4FEE3F9C9FD9B511F" author="Milne-Edwards" box="[315,602,1631,1653]" firstAuthor="Milne-Edwards" page="376" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="375 - 377" refId="ref113782" refString="Milne-Edwards, A. (1867) Observations sur quelques mammiferes du nord de la Chine. Annales des Sciences Naturelles. Zoologie et Biologie Animale, 7, 375 - 377. [in French]" type="journal article" year="1867">Milne-Edwards, 1867 p.376</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<typeStatus id="54B2B18F6461FFD4FDBCF9F6FD57511F" box="[612,662,1632,1653]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Type</typeStatus>
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locality- northern Manchuria;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6461FFD4FC16F9C9FB72511F" author="Kishida & Mori" box="[974,1203,1631,1653]" firstAuthor="Kishida" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="372 - 391" refId="ref108188" refString="Kishida, K. & Mori, T. (1931) On the distribution of terrestrial mammals of Korea. Zoological Magazine, 43, 372 - 391. [in Japanese]" type="journal article" year="1931">Kishida & Mori, 1931</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB60F2D6461FFD4FF4FF9E8FB9651F9" blockId="107.[151,1436,1569,1837]" box="[151,1111,1661,1683]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1928036461FFD4FF4FF9E8FB9651F9" box="[151,1111,1661,1683]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6461FFD4FF4FF9E8FE7751F9" author="Bolau" box="[151,438,1661,1683]" page="" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" year="1880">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6461FFD4FF4FF9E8FE7751F9" authority="Bolau 1880 p. 33" authorityName="Bolau" authorityPageNumber="33" authorityYear="1880" box="[151,438,1661,1683]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Cervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luhdorfi">
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<emphasis id="B97DD33F6461FFD4FF4FF9E8FEC451F9" box="[151,261,1661,1683]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">C. luhdorfi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6461FFD4FED4F9EBFE7751F9" author="Bolau" box="[268,438,1661,1683]" firstAuthor="Bolau" page="33" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="33 - 35" refId="ref96165" refString="Bolau, H. (1880) Ein neuer Hirsch aus dem Amurlande (New deer from Amur). Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der Naturwissenschaften / hrsg. vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Ferein in Hamburg, 7, 33 - 35. [in German]" type="journal article" year="1880">Bolau 1880 p.33</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<typeStatus id="54B2B18F6461FFD4FE1AF9E8FE3551F9" box="[450,500,1662,1683]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Type</typeStatus>
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locality-
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<quantity id="4CF1A2C86461FFD4FD8DF9EBFD6F51F9" box="[597,686,1661,1683]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5061632" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" unit="mi" value="280.0">280 mile</quantity>
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east of
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<location id="8ED659F66461FFD4FD25F9EBFCBD51F9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A0BE3B6461FFD2FF4FFA4DFEFE560F:8ED659F66461FFD4FD25F9EBFCBD51F9" box="[765,892,1661,1683]" municipality="northern Manchuria" name="Vladivostok" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Vladivostok</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BD295576461FFD4FC5EF9EBFB9251F9" box="[902,1107,1661,1683]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">northern Manchuria</collectingMunicipality>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D6461FFD4FF4FF90BFC2A51D8" blockId="107.[151,1436,1569,1837]" box="[151,1003,1692,1714]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1928036461FFD4FF4FF90BFC2A51D8" box="[151,1003,1692,1714]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6461FFD4FF4FF90BFE6451D8" author="Noack" box="[151,421,1692,1714]" page="" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" year="1889">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6461FFD4FF4FF90BFE6451D8" authority="Noack, 1889 p. 9" authorityName="Noack" authorityPageNumber="9" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,421,1692,1714]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Cervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="isubra">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6461FFD4FF4FF90BFF3451D8" box="[151,245,1692,1714]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">C. isubra</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6461FFD4FF23F90AFE6451D8" author="Noack" box="[251,421,1692,1714]" firstAuthor="Noack" page="9" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="8 - 16" refId="ref115690" refString="Noack, T. (1889) zur saugetierfauna der mandschurischen subregion. Humboldt; Monatsschrift fur die gesamten Naturwissenschaften, 8, 8 - 16. [in German]" type="journal article" year="1889">Noack, 1889 p.9</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B2B18F6461FFD4FE68F90BFE2351D8" box="[432,482,1693,1714]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
locality-
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8ED659F66461FFD4FD9BF90AFD0F51D8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A0BE3B6461FFD2FF4FFA4DFEFE560F:8ED659F66461FFD4FD9BF90AFD0F51D8" box="[579,718,1692,1714]" county="East Manchuria" municipality="North" name="Suchan River" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Suchan River</location>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD295576461FFD4FD00F90AFCD251D8" box="[728,787,1692,1714]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">North</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCounty id="62D777A16461FFD4FC9CF90BFC2651D8" box="[836,999,1692,1714]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">East Manchuria</collectingCounty>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D6461FFD4FF4FF92DFCF351BB" blockId="107.[151,1436,1569,1837]" box="[151,818,1723,1745]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1928036461FFD4FF4FF92DFCF351BB" box="[151,818,1723,1745]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6461FFD4FF4FF92DFDE151BB" author="Lydekker" box="[151,544,1723,1745]" page="" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" year="1896">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6461FFD4FF4FF92DFDE151BB" authority="Lydekker, 1896 p. 932" authorityName="Lydekker" authorityPageNumber="932" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,544,1723,1745]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Cervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bedfordianus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6461FFD4FF4FF92DFEF851BB" box="[151,313,1723,1745]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">C. bedfordianus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6461FFD4FEE7F92DFDE151BB" author="Lydekker" box="[319,544,1723,1745]" firstAuthor="Lydekker" page="932" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="930 - 934" refId="ref112469" refString="Lydekker, R. (1896) On a apparently new deer from North China, in the menagerie of the Duke of Bedford at Woburn Abbey. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1896, 930 - 934. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1896. tb 03088. x" type="journal article" year="1896">Lydekker, 1896 p.932</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B2B18F6461FFD4FDF2F92AFD9D51BB" box="[554,604,1724,1745]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
locality- Manchuria.
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D6461FFD4FF4FF94CFD0A5185" blockId="107.[151,1436,1569,1837]" box="[151,715,1753,1775]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1928036461FFD4FF4FF94CFD0A5185" box="[151,715,1753,1775]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6461FFD4FF4FF94CFD065185" author="de Pousargues" box="[151,711,1753,1775]" page="" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" year="1898">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6461FFD4FF4FF94CFD065185" authority="de Pousargues, 1898 p. 209" authorityName="de Pousargues" authorityPageNumber="209" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,711,1753,1775]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Cervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="variety" species="xanthopygus" variety="typicus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6461FFD4FF4FF94CFEF55185" box="[151,308,1753,1775]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">C. xanthopygus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
var.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6461FFD4FEBEF94CFE6F5185" box="[358,430,1754,1775]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">typicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6461FFD4FE6CF94FFD065185" author="de Pousargues" box="[436,711,1753,1775]" firstAuthor="de Pousargues" page="209" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="126 - 224" refId="ref99158" refString="de Pousargues, E. (1898) Etude sur Les Ruminats de L'Asie Centrale (1). Memoires de la Societe Zoologique de France, 11, 126 - 224. [in French]" type="journal article" year="1898">de Pousargues, 1898 p.209</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D6461FFD4FF4FF96FFDBC5064" blockId="107.[151,1436,1569,1837]" box="[151,637,1784,1806]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1928036461FFD4FF4FF96FFDBC5064" box="[151,637,1784,1806]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6461FFD4FF4FF96FFDB95064" author="Kuroda" box="[151,632,1784,1806]" page="" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" year="1938">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6461FFD4FF4FF96FFDB95064" authority=": Kuroda, 1938 p. 7" authorityName="Kuroda" authorityPageNumber="7" authorityYear="1938" box="[151,632,1784,1806]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Cervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="canadaensis" subSpecies="xanthopygus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6461FFD4FF4FF96FFE795064" box="[151,440,1784,1806]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">C. canadaensis xanthopygus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6461FFD4FE1DF96EFDB95064" author="Kuroda" box="[453,632,1784,1806]" firstAuthor="Kuroda" page="7" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" refId="ref110546" refString="Kuroda, N. (1938) A list of the Japanese Mammals. Published by Author, Tokyo, 122 pp." type="book" year="1938">Kuroda, 1938 p.7</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D6461FFD4FF4FF88EFAEF5047" blockId="107.[151,1436,1569,1837]" box="[151,1326,1815,1837]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1928036461FFD4FF4FF88EFAEF5047" box="[151,1326,1815,1837]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6461FFD4FF4FF88EFD855047" author="Tate" box="[151,580,1815,1837]" page="" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" year="1947">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6461FFD4FF4FF88EFD855047" ID-CoL="5GCNF" authority=": Tate, 1947 p. 346" authorityName="Tate" authorityPageNumber="346" authorityYear="1947" box="[151,580,1815,1837]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Cervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="elaphus" subSpecies="xanthopygus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6461FFD4FF4FF88EFE485047" box="[151,393,1815,1837]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">C. elaphus xanthopygus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6461FFD4FE4FF88EFD855047" author="Tate" box="[407,580,1815,1837]" firstAuthor="Tate" page="346" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" refId="ref122298" refString="Tate, G. H. (1947) Mammals of Eastern Asia. The Macmillan Company, New York, 366 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6397" type="book" year="1947">Tate, 1947 p.346</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6461FFD4FD96F88EFD3F5047" author="Won" box="[590,766,1815,1837]" page="" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" year="1958">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6461FFD4FD96F88EFD3F5047" author="Won" box="[590,766,1815,1837]" firstAuthor="Won" page="431" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="427 - 460" refId="ref125450" refString="Won, P. H. (1958) A hand list of Korean mammals. Bulletin of Kyung-Hee University, 1, 427 - 460." type="journal article" year="1958">Won, 1958 p.431</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6461FFD4FCD1F88EFC6D5047" author="Won" box="[777,940,1815,1837]" page="" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" year="1967">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6461FFD4FCD1F88EFC6D5047" author="Won" box="[777,940,1815,1837]" firstAuthor="Won" page="49" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" refId="ref125477" refString="Won, P. H. (1967) Illustrated encyclopedia of fauna and flora of Korea. Fol. 7. Mammals. Ministry of Education, Seoul, 663 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="1967">Won, 1967 p.49</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6461FFD4FC6FF88EFBA95047" author="Won" box="[951,1128,1815,1837]" page="" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" year="1968">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6461FFD4FC6FF88EFBA95047" author="Won" box="[951,1128,1815,1837]" firstAuthor="Won" page="371" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" refId="ref125422" refString="Won, H. K. (1968) The mammals of Korea. Institute of Science Press, Pyeongyang, 408 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="1968">Won, 1968 p.371</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C6461FFD4FBAAF88EFAEB5047" author="Yoon" box="[1138,1322,1815,1837]" page="" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" year="1992">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6461FFD4FBAAF88EFAEB5047" author="Yoon" box="[1138,1322,1815,1837]" firstAuthor="Yoon" page="129" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" refId="ref126177" refString="Yoon, M. H. (1992) The wildlife of Korea. Daewonsa Publishing Company, Seoul, 142 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="1992">Yoon, 1992 p.129</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF765FA56466FFD3FF4FF91EFD7D51F4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4571888" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4571888" box="[151,700,1672,1694]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4571888/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" targetBox="[340,1247,193,1651]" targetPageId="108">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D6466FFD3FF4FF91EFD7D51F4" blockId="108.[151,700,1672,1694]" box="[151,700,1672,1694]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6466FFD3FF4FF91EFEDE51F7" bold="true" box="[151,287,1672,1694]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">FIGURE 71.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Range map of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6466FFD3FE62F91FFD9651F4" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[442,599,1672,1694]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Cervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elaphus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6466FFD3FE62F91FFD9651F4" box="[442,599,1672,1694]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Cervus elaphus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in Korea.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3135CA66466FFD3FF4FF950FCDC504C" lastPageId="108" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="108" pageNumber="108" type="distribution">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D6466FFD3FF4FF950FCDC504C" blockId="108.[151,1437,1733,2010]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6466FFD3FF4FF950FF2D51B4" bold="true" box="[151,236,1734,1758]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Range:</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Red deer were abundant in extreme northeastern
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD6466FFD3FCF9F951FCA451B4" box="[801,869,1735,1758]" name="South Korea" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
in the early 1900s (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6466FFD3FB9FF950FB7551B4" author="Lee" box="[1095,1204,1733,1758]" firstAuthor="Lee" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" refId="ref111767" refString="Lee, S. O. (1965) Korean wildlife: behind story of hunting. Bakmunsa Publishing, Seoul, 396 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="1965">Lee 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) but became rare by the 1960s (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6466FFD3FEC9F97CFE4A5068" author="Won" box="[273,395,1769,1794]" firstAuthor="Won" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" refId="ref125422" refString="Won, H. K. (1968) The mammals of Korea. Institute of Science Press, Pyeongyang, 408 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="1968">Won 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Populations may persist in
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD6466FFD3FD16F97FFC9A506B" box="[718,859,1769,1794]" name="North Korea" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">North Korea</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
at Mt. Baekdu and adjacent areas (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6466FFD3FB3CF97CFA9C5068" author="Woo" box="[1252,1373,1770,1794]" firstAuthor="Woo" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="5 - 27" refId="ref125514" refString="Woo, H. J. (1990) The report of the rare and endangered species of mammals in Korea. Bulletin of the Korean Association for Conservation of Nature, 10, 5 - 27 [in Korean]" type="journal article" year="1990">Woo 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6466FFD3FAB0F97CFEF8504C" author="Won & Smith" firstAuthor="Won" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="3 - 33" refId="ref125289" refString="Won, C. M. & Smith, K. G. (1999) History and current status of mammals of the Korean Peninsula. Mammal Review, 29, 3 - 33. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1365 - 2907.1999.00034. x" type="journal article" year="1999">Won & Smith 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), although this remains uncertain (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="133213A86466FFD3FD65F89BFCD1504C" box="[701,784,1805,1830]" captionStart="FIGURE 71" captionStartId="108.[151,250,1672,1694]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,193,1651]" captionTargetId="figure@108.[340,1247,193,1651]" captionTargetPageId="108" captionText="FIGURE 71. Range map of Cervus elaphus in Korea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4571888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4571888/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Fig. 71</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3135CA66466FFD2FF1FF8A4FEFE560F" lastPageId="109" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D6466FFD2FF1FF8A4FDB557BE" blockId="108.[151,1437,1733,2010]" lastBlockId="109.[151,1437,151,357]" lastPageId="109" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6466FFD3FF1FF8A4FEFC5020" bold="true" box="[199,317,1842,1866]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Genetic investigations using mtDNA indicated that an eastern lineage including populations from North America had a closer relation to the populations in
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD6466FFD3FCEFF8C3FC655004" box="[823,932,1877,1902]" name="Mongolia" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
and northeastern
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD6466FFD3FBACF8C3FB765004" box="[1140,1207,1877,1902]" name="China" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">China</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
than populations in Europe (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6466FFD3FF20F8EFFE2150F8" author="Mahmut" box="[248,480,1913,1938]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Mahmut" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="485 - 495" refId="ref112948" refString="Mahmut, H., Masuda, R., Onuma, M., Takahashi, M., Nagata, J., Suzuki, M. & Ohtaishi, N. (2002) Molecular Phyogeography of the red deer (Cervus elaphus) Populations in Xinjiang of China: comparison with other Asian, European, and North American Populations. Zoological Science, 19, 485 - 495. https: // doi. org / 10.2108 / zsj. 19.485" type="journal article" year="2002">
|
|||
|
|
Mahmut
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6466FFD3FEB9F8EDFE5550F8" box="[353,404,1913,1938]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 2002
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Ancestral populations of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6466FFD3FCCBF8ECFC4D50F8" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[787,908,1913,1938]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Cervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elaphus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6466FFD3FCCBF8ECFCE750FB" box="[787,806,1914,1937]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">C</emphasis>
|
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|
|
.
|
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|
|
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6466FFD3FCEDF8EFFC4D50F8" box="[821,908,1913,1938]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">elaphus</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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|
|
emigrated from northeastern Eurasia to North America via Beringia during the last glacial period in the Pleistocene (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6466FFD3FC64F80BFBFF50DC" author="Geist" box="[956,1086,1949,1974]" firstAuthor="Geist" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" refId="ref100596" refString="Geist, V. (1998) Deer of the World: Their Evolution, Behaviour, and Ecology. Stackpole Books, Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania, 421 pp." type="book" year="1998">Geist 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The genetic distances (2.0%) between North American and Mongolian populations provided an estimated divergence time between 52,000 and 80,000 years (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6467FFD2FEEDFF01FDA257DA" author="Polziehn & Strobeck" box="[309,611,151,176]" firstAuthor="Polziehn" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" pagination="249 - 258" refId="ref118507" refString="Polziehn, R. O. & Strobeck, C. (1998) Phylogeny of wapiti, red deer, sika deer, and other North American cervids as determined from mitochondrial DNA. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 10, 249 - 258. https: // doi. org / 10.1006 / mpev. 1998.0527" type="journal article" year="1998">Polziehn & Strobeck 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The recognized subspecies of red deer in Far
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD6467FFD2FBADFF0EFB2157DA" box="[1141,1248,151,176]" name="China" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">East Asia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
including
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD6467FFD2FA80FF0EFA5C57C5" box="[1368,1437,152,175]" name="South Korea" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
is
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6467FFD2FF68FF2BFDB157BE" authority="(Won & Smith 1999)" baseAuthorityName="Won & Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[176,624,188,213]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Cervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xanthopygus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6467FFD2FF68FF2BFEBB57BF" box="[176,378,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">C. e. xanthopygus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6467FFD2FE5FFF2AFDA657BE" author="Won & Smith" box="[391,615,188,213]" firstAuthor="Won" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" pagination="3 - 33" refId="ref125289" refString="Won, C. M. & Smith, K. G. (1999) History and current status of mammals of the Korean Peninsula. Mammal Review, 29, 3 - 33. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1365 - 2907.1999.00034. x" type="journal article" year="1999">Won & Smith 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D6467FFD2FF1FFF49FEFE560F" blockId="109.[151,1437,151,357]" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6467FFD2FF1FFF49FE7C5792" bold="true" box="[199,445,223,248]" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Conservation status:</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
The North Korean government designated habitat in Samjiyeon at Mt. Baekdu a Natural Monument (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6467FFD2FEFCFE92FE255677" author="Kim" box="[292,484,260,285]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Kim" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" refId="ref107208" refString="Kim, M. S., Joo, J. S., Oh, S. I, Lee, S. Y., Koh, B. J. & Park, E. C. (2015) Animals of Korea: Mammals. Science and Technology Press, Pyongyang, 211 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="2015">
|
|||
|
|
Kim
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6467FFD2FEB9FE93FE5C5677" box="[353,413,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2015
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The Red Data Book for
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD6467FFD2FCCFFE92FC695676" box="[791,936,260,285]" name="North Korea" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">North Korea</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
lists
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE6467FFD2FC31FE93FBA25677" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1001,1123,260,285]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Cervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elaphus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6467FFD2FC31FE93FBA25677" box="[1001,1123,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">C. elaphus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
as a ‘Rare’ species (MAB
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC6467FFD2FF4FFEB1FDA2562A" author="National Committee of DPR Korea" box="[151,611,295,320]" firstAuthor="National Committee of DPR Korea" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" refId="ref112594" refString="MAB National Committee of DPR Korea (2002) Red Data Book of DPRK (Animal). Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Pyongyang, 316 pp." type="book" year="2002">
|
|||
|
|
National Committee of DPR
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD6467FFD2FE03FEBEFDDE5655" box="[475,543,296,319]" name="South Korea" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
2002
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The South Korean government has not addressed the conservation status of the red deer.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|