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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.41.22893" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c2d80e4e-882b-45f0-9f98-742433eb51ce" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182224760" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2367-5365-1-87" ID-Pensoft-UUID="867BDD9DF2F051D9B6CAB0EB6EBB7447" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1222603" ID-ZooBank="9258CFDE5EDD4881A3AF7BD831F29CF1" ModsDocID="2367-5365-41-1-87" checkinTime="1621375620662" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Alipanah, Helen &amp; Asselbergs, Jan" docDate="2018" docId="36B296FBDC90160BC4C48BD7328027CE" docLanguage="en" docName="NotaLepidopt 41(1): 87-97" docOrigin="Nota Lepidopterologica 41 (1)" docPubDate="2018-02-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.41.22893" docTitle="Acteniopsis kurdistanella Amsel 1959" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="867BDD9DF2F051D9B6CAB0EB6EBB7447" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="93" masterDocId="867BDD9DF2F051D9B6CAB0EB6EBB7447" masterDocTitle="Acteniopsis gambronensis sp. n. (Pyralidae: Pyralinae), a new species from Iran, with a revision of the genus Acteniopsis Amsel, 1959" masterLastPageNumber="97" masterPageNumber="87" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" updateTime="1643465493674" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Acteniopsis gambronensis sp. n. (Pyralidae: Pyralinae), a new species from Iran, with a revision of the genus Acteniopsis Amsel, 1959</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Alipanah, Helen</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran; e-mail: h. alipanah @ areeo. ac. ir; halipanah @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">halipanah@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Asselbergs, Jan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Neerland 20, 4614 GD Bergen op Zoom, The Netherlands; e-mail: jef. asselbergs @ hetnet. nl</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Nota Lepidopterologica</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2018-02-22</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>41</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>87</mods:start>
<mods:end>97</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.41.22893</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.41.22893</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2367-5365-1-87</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">9258CFDE5EDD4881A3AF7BD831F29CF1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">867BDD9DF2F051D9B6CAB0EB6EBB7447</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1222603</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<subSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" type="taxonomy">
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182224760" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:36B296FBDC90160BC4C48BD7328027CE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/36B296FBDC90160BC4C48BD7328027CE" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="92" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
<taxonomicName authority="Amsel, 1959" authorityName="Amsel" authorityYear="1959" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Acteniopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acteniopsis kurdistanella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kurdistanella">
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="92" start="start">Acteniopsis</pageBreakToken>
kurdistanella Amsel, 1959
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="92" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2013-07-16" collectorName="Afsarian, Sarafrazi" country="Iran" elevation="837" latitude="37.448475" location="Khalkhal Rd." longLatPrecision="1" longitude="48.91406" municipality="Khalkhal" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Ardebil Prov.">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
<collectingCountry name="Iran">Iran</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
<collectingRegion country="Iran" name="Ardabil">Ardebil Prov.</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Khalkhāl">
<collectingMunicipality>Khalkhal</collectingMunicipality>
</normalizedToken>
, Hashtchin-
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:36B296FBDC90160BC4C48BD7328027CE:C60ABB11D44E3F1A02EC5CACFAA4369C" country="Iran" latitude="37.448475" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="48.91406" municipality="Khalkhal" name="Khalkhal Rd." stateProvince="Ardebil Prov.">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Khalkhāl">Khalkhal</normalizedToken>
Rd.
</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="54.5" value="37.448475">
N37°26
<normalizedToken originalValue="’54.5”">'54.5&quot;</normalizedToken>
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="048" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="50.6" value="48.91406">
E048°54
<normalizedToken originalValue="’50.6”">'50.6&quot;</normalizedToken>
</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.37" unit="m" value="837.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.37" unit="m" value="837.0">837 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2013-07-16">16.VII.2013</collectingDate>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Afsariān">
<collectorName>Afsarian</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sarafrāzi">
<collectorName>Sarafrazi</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-01-01" collectingDateMax="2018-12-31" collectingDateMin="2018-01-01" collectorName="Bakhtiari Prov" country="Iran" location="Chaharmahal" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ardabil">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Chāhārmahāl">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:36B296FBDC90160BC4C48BD7328027CE:EFAB33A82EDC81696628A531D3D5D9AE" country="Iran" name="Chaharmahal" stateProvince="Ardabil">Chaharmahal</location>
</normalizedToken>
va
<collectorName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bakhtiāri">Bakhtiari</normalizedToken>
Prov
</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</emphasis>
:
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1995-08-18" collectorName="Mirzayans, Badii" country="Iran" elevation="2500" location="Chelgerd" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Ardabil">
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:36B296FBDC90160BC4C48BD7328027CE:3955C0439B60EE3D30B21BD9F2695232" country="Iran" name="Chelgerd" stateProvince="Ardabil">Chelgerd</location>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="m" value="2500.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="m" value="2500.0">2500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 17,
<collectingDate value="1995-08-18">18.viii.1995</collectingDate>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mirzāyāns">
<collectorName>Mirzayans</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
,
<collectorName>Badii</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2010-08-15" collectorName="Alipanah, Nematian" country="Iran" elevation="2352" latitude="31.541666" location="Oak forest" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="50.9547" municipality="Lordegan" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Ardabil">
<specimenCount type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lordegān">
<collectingMunicipality>Lordegan</collectingMunicipality>
</normalizedToken>
(
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:36B296FBDC90160BC4C48BD7328027CE:7E0D0FA17994BC1E9DF1326F9730E874" country="Iran" latitude="31.541666" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="50.9547" municipality="Lordegan" name="Oak forest" stateProvince="Ardabil">Oak forest</location>
),
<geoCoordinate degrees="31" direction="north" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="31.541666">
N31°32
<normalizedToken originalValue="’30”">'30&quot;</normalizedToken>
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="050" direction="east" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="16.92" value="50.9547">
E050°57
<normalizedToken originalValue="’16.92”">'16.92&quot;</normalizedToken>
</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.352" unit="m" value="2352.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.352" unit="m" value="2352.0">2352 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2010-08-15">15.VIII.2010</collectingDate>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ālipanāh">
<collectorName>Alipanah</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nematiān">
<collectorName>Nematian</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1996-09-28" collectorName="Barari, Parchami-Araghi, Moghaddam" country="Iran" elevation="1910" location="Margoon" municipality="Sepidan" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Fars Prov.">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
<collectingRegion country="Iran" name="Fars">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fārs">Fars</normalizedToken>
Prov.
</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sepidān">
<collectingMunicipality>Sepidan</collectingMunicipality>
</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mārgoon">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:36B296FBDC90160BC4C48BD7328027CE:6D71AD0312D135E130DDF3C0C7FE4438" country="Iran" municipality="Sepidan" name="Margoon" stateProvince="Fars Prov.">Margoon</location>
</normalizedToken>
waterfall,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.91" unit="m" value="1910.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.91" unit="m" value="1910.0">1910 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="1996-09-28">28.ix.1996</collectingDate>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Barāri">
<collectorName>Barari</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Parchami-Arāghi">
<collectorName>Parchami-Araghi</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
,
<collectorName>Moghaddam</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2000-08-17" collectorName="Badii, Moghaddam, Mofidi-Neyestanak" country="Iran" elevation="1815" location="Tang-e Bostanak" municipality="Kamfiruz" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Fars">
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kāmfiruz">
<collectingMunicipality>Kamfiruz</collectingMunicipality>
</normalizedToken>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:36B296FBDC90160BC4C48BD7328027CE:C2F6D5BCA3A2BB24603E87FC5B392B43" country="Iran" municipality="Kamfiruz" name="Tang-e Bostanak" stateProvince="Fars">
Tang-e
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bostānak">Bostanak</normalizedToken>
</location>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.815" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.73" unit="m" value="1815.0" valueMax="1900.0" valueMin="1730.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.815" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.73" unit="m" value="1815.0" valueMax="1900.0" valueMin="1730.0">1730-1900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2000-08-17">17.VIII.2000</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>Badii</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>Moghaddam</collectorName>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mofidi-Neyestānak">
<collectorName>Mofidi-Neyestanak</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2014-07-09" collectorName="Afsarian" country="Iran" elevation="2047" latitude="34.588276" location="Khan Gormaz" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="48.17764" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Hamedan Prov.">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
<collectingRegion country="Iran" name="Hamadan">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hamedān">Hamedan</normalizedToken>
Prov.
</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:36B296FBDC90160BC4C48BD7328027CE:A826762F743EB678E43E30BFD428E655" country="Iran" latitude="34.588276" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="48.17764" name="Khan Gormaz" stateProvince="Hamedan Prov.">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Khān">Khan</normalizedToken>
Gormaz
</location>
protected area,
<geoCoordinate degrees="34" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="17.8" value="34.588276">
N34°35
<normalizedToken originalValue="’17.8”">'17.8&quot;</normalizedToken>
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="048" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="39.5" value="48.17764">
E048°10
<normalizedToken originalValue="’39.5”">'39.5&quot;</normalizedToken>
</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0469999999999997" unit="m" value="2047.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0469999999999997" unit="m" value="2047.0">2047 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2014-07-09">9.VII.2014</collectingDate>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Afsariān">
<collectorName>Afsarian</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1971-03-17" collectorName="Ayatollahi, Pazuki" country="Iran" location="Kahurestan" municipality="Bandar Abbas" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hormozgan Prov.">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
<collectingRegion country="Iran" name="Hormozgan">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hormozgān">Hormozgan</normalizedToken>
Prov.
</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingMunicipality>
Bandar
<normalizedToken originalValue="Abbās">Abbas</normalizedToken>
</collectingMunicipality>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kahurestān">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:36B296FBDC90160BC4C48BD7328027CE:99A1516D44C9C380A5D9DC9B8531E803" country="Iran" municipality="Bandar Abbas" name="Kahurestan" stateProvince="Hormozgan Prov.">Kahurestan</location>
</normalizedToken>
,
<collectingDate value="1971-03-17">17.iii.1971</collectingDate>
, 15 m,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Āyatollāhi">
<collectorName>Ayatollahi</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pāzuki">
<collectorName>Pazuki</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2014-07-12" collectorName="Afsarian" country="Iran" elevation="1652" latitude="34.382553" location="Bisotun" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="47.277416" municipality="Chalabeh" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Kermanshah Prov.">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
<collectingRegion country="Iran" name="Kermanshah">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kermānshāh">Kermanshah</normalizedToken>
Prov.
</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Chalabeh</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:36B296FBDC90160BC4C48BD7328027CE:F2F2748E1CA553E0DB8081BB4FB673B2" country="Iran" latitude="34.382553" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="47.277416" municipality="Chalabeh" name="Bisotun" stateProvince="Kermanshah Prov.">Bisotun</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="34" direction="north" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="57.2" value="34.382553">
N34°22
<normalizedToken originalValue="’57.2”">'57.2&quot;</normalizedToken>
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="38.7" value="47.277416">
E47°16
<normalizedToken originalValue="’38.7”">'38.7&quot;</normalizedToken>
</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.652" unit="m" value="1652.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.652" unit="m" value="1652.0">1652 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2014-07-12">12.VII.2014</collectingDate>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Afsariān">
<collectorName>Afsarian</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-01-01" collectingDateMax="2018-12-31" collectingDateMin="2018-01-01" collectorName="Boyerahmad Prov" country="Iran" location="Kohgiluyeh" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kermanshah">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:36B296FBDC90160BC4C48BD7328027CE:E3A3CE5F920A5A05DD8E49AF56D3ADF7" country="Iran" name="Kohgiluyeh" stateProvince="Kermanshah">Kohgiluyeh</location>
va
<collectorName>Boyerahmad Prov</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</emphasis>
:
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1971-09-09" collectorName="Ebrahimi, Badii" country="Iran" elevation="1650" location="Tang-e Meymand" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Kermanshah">
<specimenCount type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:36B296FBDC90160BC4C48BD7328027CE:2E0A2F68DA3A11D7936A77278A6CC800" country="Iran" name="Tang-e Meymand" stateProvince="Kermanshah">Tang-e Meymand</location>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" unit="m" value="1650.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" unit="m" value="1650.0">1650 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="1971-09-09">9.ix.1971</collectingDate>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ebrāhimi">
<collectorName>Ebrahimi</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
,
<collectorName>Badii</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2004-06-26" collectorName="Mansurghazi" country="Iran" location="Marivan" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kordestan Prov.">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
<collectingRegion country="Iran" name="Kordestan">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kordestān">Kordestan</normalizedToken>
Prov.
</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Marivān">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:36B296FBDC90160BC4C48BD7328027CE:649EE60D08137D5A1489EF0746BAB074" country="Iran" name="Marivan" stateProvince="Kordestan Prov.">Marivan</location>
</normalizedToken>
,
<collectingDate value="2004-06-26">26.vi.2004</collectingDate>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mansurghāzi">
<collectorName>Mansurghazi</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1997-07-29" collectorName="Barari, Mofidi-Neyestanak" country="Iran" elevation="1550" location="Dizijan" municipality="Salafchegan" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Markazi Prov.">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
<collectingRegion country="Iran" name="Markazi">Markazi Prov.</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Salafchegān">
<collectingMunicipality>Salafchegan</collectingMunicipality>
</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Dizijān">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:36B296FBDC90160BC4C48BD7328027CE:B6AE80E201DDC75439C5D58D5EFDFDC2" country="Iran" municipality="Salafchegan" name="Dizijan" stateProvince="Markazi Prov.">Dizijan</location>
</normalizedToken>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" unit="m" value="1550.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" unit="m" value="1550.0">1550 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="1997-07-29">29.vii.1997</collectingDate>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Barāri">
<collectorName>Barari</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mofidi-Neyestānak">
<collectorName>Mofidi-Neyestanak</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2010-07-21" collectorName="Alipanah" country="Iran" elevation="1156" latitude="36.938667" location="Abbar" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="48.99222" municipality="Zanjan" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Zanjan Prov.">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
<collectingRegion country="Iran" name="Zanjan">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Zanjān">Zanjan</normalizedToken>
Prov.
</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Zanjān">
<collectingMunicipality>Zanjan</collectingMunicipality>
</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ābbar">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:36B296FBDC90160BC4C48BD7328027CE:34D33BD1E680EBD354B73581CCE8DE7F" country="Iran" latitude="36.938667" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="48.99222" municipality="Zanjan" name="Abbar" stateProvince="Zanjan Prov.">Abbar</location>
</normalizedToken>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="56" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="19.2" value="36.938667">
N36°56
<normalizedToken originalValue="’19.2”">'19.2&quot;</normalizedToken>
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="48" direction="east" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="32" value="48.99222">E48°59'32</geoCoordinate>
89&quot;,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.156" unit="m" value="1156.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.156" unit="m" value="1156.0">1156 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2010-07-21">21.vii.2010</collectingDate>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ālipanāh">
<collectorName>Alipanah</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
(GS: HA-2308, HA-2310).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="92" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Amsel" authorityYear="1959" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Acteniopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acteniopsis kurdistanella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kurdistanella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Acteniopsis kurdistanella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described by
<bibRefCitation author="Amsel, HG" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" pagination="41 - 83" refId="B1" refString="Amsel, HG, 1959. Irakische Kleinschmetterlinge, 2. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte 43: 41 - 83" title="Irakische Kleinschmetterlinge, 2." volume="43" year="1959">Amsel (1959)</bibRefCitation>
based on one male and two females collected in Iraq (Haji Omran). However the female was not sufficiently described and no information was presented for the female genitalia by
<bibRefCitation author="Amsel, HG" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" pagination="41 - 83" refId="B1" refString="Amsel, HG, 1959. Irakische Kleinschmetterlinge, 2. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte 43: 41 - 83" title="Irakische Kleinschmetterlinge, 2." volume="43" year="1959">Amsel (1959)</bibRefCitation>
. Later, a new form of this species,
<taxonomicName form="unicolorella" genus="A." lsidName="A. kurdistanella subsp. f." pageId="5" pageNumber="92" rank="form" species="kurdistanella" subSpecies="f.">A. kurdistanella f. unicolorella</taxonomicName>
was presented by
<bibRefCitation author="Amsel, HG" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" refId="B2" refString="Amsel, HG, 1961. Die Microlepidopteren der Brandt'schen Iran-Ausbeute. 5. Teil. Arkiv foer Zoologie (ser. 2) 13(17): 323-445. [pls. 1-9]" title="Die Microlepidopteren der Brandt'schen Iran-Ausbeute. 5. Teil. Arkiv foer Zoologie (ser. 2) 13 (17): 323 - 445. [pls. 1 - 9]" year="1961">Amsel (1961)</bibRefCitation>
, only based on one male specimen. We found five females mostly with the same collecting data as the males and similar wing patterns among the specimens preserved in HMIM. The female specimen is here redescribed and illustrated.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="92" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
The female genitalia of this species is very close to that of
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. gambronensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" rank="species" species="gambronensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">A. gambronensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and their main differences are in the width of ductus bursae and shape of the posterior end of ductus bursae (see diagnosis of
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. gambronensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="92" rank="species" species="gambronensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">A. gambronensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="92" type="redescription">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="92">Redescription of the female.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
Forewing length x¯ = 8.62 mm
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.67 (n = 5); fore- and hindwing (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Acteniopsis gambronensis sp. n. head and adult male (A-C), and A. kurdistanella Amsel, adult female (D). A) head in frontal view, B) head in lateral view, C) adult male (Holotype, Iran, Hormozgan Prov., Isin). Scale bars: 1 cm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.41.22893.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/187603" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">1D</figureCitation>
) similar to those of the male in shape, ground colour and pattern (see
<bibRefCitation author="Amsel, HG" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" pagination="41 - 83" refId="B1" refString="Amsel, HG, 1959. Irakische Kleinschmetterlinge, 2. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte 43: 41 - 83" title="Irakische Kleinschmetterlinge, 2." volume="43" year="1959">Amsel 1959</bibRefCitation>
). Head, Chaetosemata and ocelli present; frons smooth; frons and vertex covered with creamy-white scales; occipital area roofed with slightly appressed creamy-white scales; collar covered with creamy-white to pale-ochreous scales; labial palpi porrect with slightly drooping apex, its length 1.82-1.87 times the horizontal diameter of compound eye, second segment the longest, first segment almost half length or slightly less than half length of the second one and apical segment very short, slightly less than one-fifth of the second segment. Labial palpi covered with ochre to pale brown scales tinged with reddish-brown scales latero-ventrally, except for distal one-fifth (or slightly less than this) which is white dorso-laterally, all the segments white internally except for the ventral margin of the first and second segment which are slightly darker; maxillary palpi short (slightly more than one-fourth of the length of labial palpi), covered with pale-ochreous scales laterally; proboscis covered with ochreous-creamy scales basally with few scattered reddish-brown scales; antennae annulated with light brown and creamy scales dorsally, and shortly ciliated ventrally, each flagellum with several short ciliae (length of cilia less that the width of the shaft), Length of the antennae slightly more than half length of the forewing. Thorax and tegulae, and abdomen in the same colour as the forewing ground colour.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="92">
Female genitalia (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Female genitalia in A. gambronensis sp. n. (A, C) and A. kurdistanella Amsel (B, D). A, B) genitalia in ventral view, C, D) middle part of genitalia. Upper and lower arrows in figure C indicate the folded area at the anterior end of ductus bursae and locus of origin of the ductus seminalis, respectively and in figure D indicates the locus of origin of the ductus seminalis." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.41.22893.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/187605" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">3B, D</figureCitation>
) (n = 1). Papillae anales almost semi-ovoid with rounded tip, covered with both short and relatively long hairs; apophyses posteriores very long, 2.7 times the length of apophyses anteriores, and slightly narrowed posteriorly, apophyses anteriores slightly thicker than apophyses posteriores and slightly curved posteriorly; ostium bursae very small and rounded, positioned at the bottom of a cavity produced by membranous area between eighth and seventh abdominal sternite; antrum membranous, short and tube-shaped, surrounded by folded walls on lateral sides. The folded area slightly extended to the posterior end of ductus bursae; colliculum absent; ductus bursae slightly narrowed posteriorly at the junction with antrum and with upturned bending at this area; ductus seminalis arisen from the upturned area of ductus bursae in the back (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Female genitalia in A. gambronensis sp. n. (A, C) and A. kurdistanella Amsel (B, D). A, B) genitalia in ventral view, C, D) middle part of genitalia. Upper and lower arrows in figure C indicate the folded area at the anterior end of ductus bursae and locus of origin of the ductus seminalis, respectively and in figure D indicates the locus of origin of the ductus seminalis." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.41.22893.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/187605" pageId="5" pageNumber="92">3B, D</figureCitation>
); the border of ductus bursae and corpus bursae indistinguishable; corpus bursae elongated tear-shaped, without signum; eighth abdominal tergite with a distinct triangular plate in the middle; length of seventh abdominal segment almost twice length of eighth segment.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="93" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="93">
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="93" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="93">
Iraq (Haji Omran; the type locality); Iran (Saadatabad, Sine Sefid, Mian Kotal, Komehr, Karaj, Sultanabad) (
<bibRefCitation author="Amsel, HG" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" refId="B2" refString="Amsel, HG, 1961. Die Microlepidopteren der Brandt'schen Iran-Ausbeute. 5. Teil. Arkiv foer Zoologie (ser. 2) 13(17): 323-445. [pls. 1-9]" title="Die Microlepidopteren der Brandt'schen Iran-Ausbeute. 5. Teil. Arkiv foer Zoologie (ser. 2) 13 (17): 323 - 445. [pls. 1 - 9]" year="1961">Amsel 1961</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="93" type="additional notes">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="93">Additional notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="93">
A new form of
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. kurdistanella" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="kurdistanella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">A. kurdistanella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, i.e.
<taxonomicName form="unicolorella" genus="A." lsidName="A. kurdistanella subsp. f." pageId="6" pageNumber="93" rank="form" species="kurdistanella" subSpecies="f.">A. kurdistanella f. unicolorella</taxonomicName>
Amsel, 1961 was presented by Amsel based on one male specimen collected in Sultanabad. As stated by this author, it was similar to the nominative form in the genitalia and all other characteristics except for the wings which were without any markings. In all the examined specimens, both fore- and hindwing patterns were the same and few specimens were slightly darker. It seems that the maintenance of two subspecies for this species would not be logical, but since we
<normalizedToken originalValue="don’t">don't</normalizedToken>
have the type specimens a decision about the validity of a subspecies remains to be postponed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="93">
In the original description of
<bibRefCitation author="Amsel, HG" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" pagination="41 - 83" refId="B1" refString="Amsel, HG, 1959. Irakische Kleinschmetterlinge, 2. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte 43: 41 - 83" title="Irakische Kleinschmetterlinge, 2." volume="43" year="1959">Amsel (1959)</bibRefCitation>
, no mention is made about the arrangement of ventral ciliae of the male antennae. As we have shown in the present study, the arrangement of the male antennal ciliae in this species is similar to that of
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. gambronensis" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="gambronensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">A. gambronensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: each segment has a transverse row of at least ten ciliae ventrally, with the lateral segments the longest, whilst the length of the longest ciliae is almost twice the width of shaft. Sometimes it seems that the two outermost lateral ciliae originate from a common point. According to
<bibRefCitation author="Amsel, HG" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" pagination="41 - 83" refId="B1" refString="Amsel, HG, 1959. Irakische Kleinschmetterlinge, 2. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte 43: 41 - 83" title="Irakische Kleinschmetterlinge, 2." volume="43" year="1959">Amsel (1959)</bibRefCitation>
, the uncus of
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. kurdistanella" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="kurdistanella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">A. kurdistanella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has parallel margins, but examination of the Iranian species has shown that the uncus is slightly constricted basally (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Male genitalia in A. gambronensis sp. n. (A, D) and A. kurdistanella Amsel (B, C, E), and phallus in S. robustus (F). A, B) main armature and phallus, C) distal part of uncus and gnathos in lateral view, D, E) distal part of phallus in lateral view, showing cornutus." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.41.22893.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/187604" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">2B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="93" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="93">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="93">
As mentioned above, the two genera
<taxonomicName authorityName="Amsell" authorityYear="1959" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Acteniopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acteniopsis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">Acteniopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1854" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Stemmatophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stemmatophora" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">Stemmatophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have some differences in wing venations and ciliae on the ventral surface of the antennae; however our findings are somewhat different from those given by
<bibRefCitation author="Amsel, HG" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" pagination="41 - 83" refId="B1" refString="Amsel, HG, 1959. Irakische Kleinschmetterlinge, 2. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte 43: 41 - 83" title="Irakische Kleinschmetterlinge, 2." volume="43" year="1959">Amsel (1959)</bibRefCitation>
. As we observed, in the forewing of males and females of both
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. kurdistanella" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="kurdistanella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">A. kurdistanella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. gambronensis" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="gambronensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">A. gambronensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, like in the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1854" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Stemmatophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stemmatophora" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">Stemmatophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, vein R5 is stalked with R3+R4 (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Wings venation (A, B) in A. kurdistanella (A) and S. brunnealis (B), and stylized drawings of ventral ciliae of the antennae (C-E) in A. gambronensis sp. n. (C) and S. brunnealis (D, E). C, D) in ventral view, E) in lateral view, showing ciliae of the left part." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.41.22893.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/187606" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">4A, B</figureCitation>
). The length of the common stalk of R5 with R3+R4 in
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. gambronensis" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="gambronensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">A. gambronensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is slightly shorter than in
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. kurdistanella" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="kurdistanella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">A. kurdistanella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and in the latter species it is slightly shorter than in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="S." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. brunnealis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnealis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">S. brunnealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Moreover, based on
<bibRefCitation author="Amsel, HG" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte" pageId="7" pageNumber="94" pagination="41 - 83" refId="B1" refString="Amsel, HG, 1959. Irakische Kleinschmetterlinge, 2. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte 43: 41 - 83" title="Irakische Kleinschmetterlinge, 2." volume="43" year="1959">Amsel (1959)</bibRefCitation>
, in the hindwing of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Amsell" authorityYear="1959" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Acteniopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acteniopsis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">Acteniopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the veins M2 and M3 originate from a common point, while in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1854" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Stemmatophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stemmatophora" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">Stemmatophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
these are on a short stalk. As we have shown, in the hindwing of
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. gambronensis" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="gambronensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">A. gambronensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the veins M2 and M3 originate from one point, in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="S." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. brunnealis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnealis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">S. brunnealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
they are on a very short stalk. (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Wings venation (A, B) in A. kurdistanella (A) and S. brunnealis (B), and stylized drawings of ventral ciliae of the antennae (C-E) in A. gambronensis sp. n. (C) and S. brunnealis (D, E). C, D) in ventral view, E) in lateral view, showing ciliae of the left part." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.41.22893.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/187606" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">4B</figureCitation>
), and only in
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. kurdistanella" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="kurdistanella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">A. kurdistanella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
they are clearly stalked (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Wings venation (A, B) in A. kurdistanella (A) and S. brunnealis (B), and stylized drawings of ventral ciliae of the antennae (C-E) in A. gambronensis sp. n. (C) and S. brunnealis (D, E). C, D) in ventral view, E) in lateral view, showing ciliae of the left part." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.41.22893.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/187606" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">4A</figureCitation>
). Therefore, these characters cannot be considered as reliable diagnostic to distinguish
<taxonomicName authorityName="Amsell" authorityYear="1959" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Acteniopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acteniopsis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">Acteniopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1854" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Stemmatophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stemmatophora" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">Stemmatophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="93">
Furthermore, based on the present study, the structure of the ventral ciliae of the male antennae in these two genera is completely different. In
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1854" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Stemmatophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stemmatophora" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">Stemmatophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
each flagellum has two pairs of plumose ciliae, one pair at the proximal end of the flagellum which is larger and longer, and another pair beyond it, at the medial part of the segment and slightly positioned interiorly compared with the first pair which is smaller and shorter (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Wings venation (A, B) in A. kurdistanella (A) and S. brunnealis (B), and stylized drawings of ventral ciliae of the antennae (C-E) in A. gambronensis sp. n. (C) and S. brunnealis (D, E). C, D) in ventral view, E) in lateral view, showing ciliae of the left part." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.41.22893.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/187606" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">4D, E</figureCitation>
). In
<taxonomicName authorityName="Amsell" authorityYear="1959" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Acteniopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acteniopsis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">Acteniopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, each flagellum has a transverse row of at least ten simple ciliae in which the lateral ciliae are the longest and slightly curved inward, whilst the medial ones are straight and about half as long as the lateral ciliae (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Wings venation (A, B) in A. kurdistanella (A) and S. brunnealis (B), and stylized drawings of ventral ciliae of the antennae (C-E) in A. gambronensis sp. n. (C) and S. brunnealis (D, E). C, D) in ventral view, E) in lateral view, showing ciliae of the left part." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.41.22893.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/187606" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">4C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="93">
Based on the present study, the genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Amsell" authorityYear="1959" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Acteniopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acteniopsis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">Acteniopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is represented by two species worldwide that can easily be distinguished from each other based on their forewing pattern and shape of the phallus (see diagnosis of
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. gambronensis" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="gambronensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">A. gambronensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). One of these two species has been described from Iraq and later form Iran, and another one is described from Iran. It seems that the genus is restricted to Saharo-Arabian and Irano-Turanian zoogeographical regions and it is most probable that these areas could be considered as its origin centre. Owing to the insufficient sampling in different parts of Iran, the presence of
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. kurdistanella" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="kurdistanella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">A. kurdistanella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in some other parts of the country could be possible; this is also applicable for
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. gambronensis" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="gambronensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">A. gambronensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
along the southern borders of Iran.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.41.22893.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/187606" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Wings venation (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">A, B</emphasis>
) in
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. kurdistanella" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="kurdistanella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">A. kurdistanella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">A</emphasis>
) and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="S." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. brunnealis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnealis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">S. brunnealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">B</emphasis>
), and stylized drawings of ventral ciliae of the antennae (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">C-E</emphasis>
) in
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. gambronensis" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="gambronensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">A. gambronensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">C</emphasis>
) and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="S." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. brunnealis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnealis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">S. brunnealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">D, E</emphasis>
).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">C, D</emphasis>
) in ventral view,
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="93">E</emphasis>
) in lateral view, showing ciliae of the left part.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>
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