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<document id="942622031FF6944F89E068CF4AEF57D3" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.215253" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2e88141b-a6e0-41a7-becf-12be4965c31c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="215253" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460483432954" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Morandini, André C. &amp; Jarms, Gerhard" docDate="2012" docId="039F87D7C245FFEBFF7FFB59A643FDC0" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03320p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3320" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Nausithoe simplex Kirkpatrick 1890, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="64" masterDocId="FFA6FFAFC244FFE8FFE8FF8FA514FFFC" masterDocTitle="Discovery and redescription of type material of Nausithoe simplex (Kirkpatrick, 1890), comb. nov. (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa: Coronatae: Nausithoidae) from the North Atlantic" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="61" pageNumber="62" updateTime="1698308214871" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="1950858908611EC3AB40AB7FB3A80E63">Discovery and redescription of type material of Nausithoe simplex (Kirkpatrick, 1890), comb. nov. (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa: Coronatae: Nausithoidae) from the North Atlantic</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C07E597CA44C22FA1CDF3EB3F3788F65">Morandini, André C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F9EF06508F585C719354BEA5A5C84925">Jarms, Gerhard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="04A836740AAF292DB9F6EAF1DE5E27F6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date id="2942909A4A05246029753FCE9947314C">2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="18D405A47FD06A219FCB9132C3F4D722" type="volume">
<mods:number id="9B6526DCD875E9124F50370E212C67D7">3320</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="7FCC20E603A0EA215429BDB35F4EA47B">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="EC9F21DDA0D1378DB1F871128B6BDD15" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.215253</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2108399C249D71EAB91CA2B648E4B9D7" type="GBIF-Dataset">2e88141b-a6e0-41a7-becf-12be4965c31c</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C64D97562A7E8391AA70DA768487D628" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039F87D7C245FFEBFF7FFB59A643FDC0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6176510" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119517818" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6176510" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F87D7C245FFEBFF7FFB59A643FDC0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039F87D7C245FFEBFF7FFB59A643FDC0" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<subSubSection id="C32C654AC245FFE9FF7FFB59A41FFAED" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C245FFE9FF7FFB59A613FB0C" blockId="1.[151,775,1238,1297]" box="[151,775,1238,1264]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<heading id="D0C181ADC245FFE9FF7FFB59A613FB0C" bold="true" box="[151,775,1238,1264]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C245FFE9FF7FFB59A613FB0C" bold="true" box="[151,775,1238,1264]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C245FFE9FF7FFB59A767FB0C" ID-CoL="45VFY" authority="Kirkpatrick, 1890" authorityName="Kirkpatrick" authorityYear="1890" box="[151,627,1238,1264]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Nausithoidae" genus="Nausithoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="simplex" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C245FFE9FF7FFB59A462FB0C" bold="true" box="[151,374,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Nausithoe simplex</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C245FFE9FE6EFB59A77FFB0C" author="Kirkpatrick" box="[390,619,1238,1264]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" refString="Kirkpatrick, R. (1890) Report upon the Hydrozoa and Polyzoa collected by P. W. Basset-Smith, Esq., Surgeon R. N., during the Survey of the Tizard and Macclesfield Banks, in the China Sea, by H. M. S. ' Rambler', Commander W. U. Moore. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series, 5, 11 - 24." type="journal article" year="1890">Kirkpatrick, 1890</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27157A8C245FFE9FD68FB59A613FB0C" box="[640,775,1238,1264]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C245FFE9FF7FFB76A41FFAED" blockId="1.[151,775,1238,1297]" box="[151,267,1273,1297]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
(
<figureCitation id="130D2A44C245FFE9FF77FB76A416FAED" box="[159,258,1273,1297]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[303,1279,638,1445]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[288,1298,628,1466]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 4. Nausithoe simplex (Kirkpatrick, 1890), comb. nov. 1. Original figures published in 1890; showing habit of polyp and detail of tube; adapted from the original. 2. Lectotype (NHM 1878.3.26.11 a) on the left and specimen numbered NHM 1878.3.26.11 c on the right (note that this specimen is only a basal part of the tube). Scale bar = 2 mm. 3. Scanning electronic microscopy of tube surface (NHM 1878.3.26.11 d). Scale bar = 100 µm. 4. Scanning electronic microscopy of internal whorl of cusps (NHM 1878.3.26.11 d). Scale bar = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215254/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Figs 1–4</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32C654AC245FFE9FF7FFACEA4A4F908" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C245FFE9FF7FFACEA692FA8A" blockId="1.[151,1436,1345,1459]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2611EFC245FFE9FF7FFACEA692FA8A" infered="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C245FFE9FF7FFACEA761FAAB" ID-CoL="52CNW" authority="Kirkpatrick 1890: 14" authorityName="Kirkpatrick" authorityPageNumber="14" authorityYear="1890" box="[151,629,1345,1367]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Nausithoidae" genus="Stephanoscyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C245FFE9FF7FFACEA48CFAAB" box="[151,408,1345,1367]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Stephanoscyphus simplex</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A9710D0C245FFE9FE48FACEA761FAAB" author="Kirkpatrick" box="[416,629,1345,1367]" page="14" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" year="1890">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C245FFE9FE48FACEA745FAAB" author="Kirkpatrick" box="[416,593,1345,1367]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" refString="Kirkpatrick, R. (1890) Report upon the Hydrozoa and Polyzoa collected by P. W. Basset-Smith, Esq., Surgeon R. N., during the Survey of the Tizard and Macclesfield Banks, in the China Sea, by H. M. S. ' Rambler', Commander W. U. Moore. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series, 5, 11 - 24." type="journal article" year="1890">Kirkpatrick 1890</bibRefCitation>
: 14
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(description), Pl. III, fig. 2 (tube), fig. 2a (cusps) [the species was attributed to G.J. Allman, but no published description or manuscript is available].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C245FFE9FF7FFAF0A6A0FA4F" blockId="1.[151,1436,1345,1459]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2611EFC245FFE9FF7FFAF0A6A0FA4F" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C245FFE9FF7FFAF0A70BFA68" ID-CoL="59K27" authority="Broch 1916: 29" authorityName="Broch" authorityPageNumber="29" authorityYear="1916" box="[151,543,1406,1429]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Tubularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cornucopia">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C245FFE9FF7FFAF0A460FA69" box="[151,372,1407,1429]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Tubularia cornucopia</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0A9710D0C245FFE9FE6AFAF1A70BFA68" author="Broch" box="[386,543,1406,1428]" page="29" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" year="1916">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C245FFE9FE6AFAF1A4E8FA68" author="Broch" box="[386,508,1406,1428]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" refString="Broch, H. (1916) Hydroida (Part 1). Danish Ingolf Expedition, 5, 1 - 66." type="journal article" year="1916">Broch 1916</bibRefCitation>
: 29
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[not
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C245FFE9FDBCFAF0A6FFFA68" ID-CoL="59K27" authority="Bonnevie, 1898" authorityName="Bonnevie" authorityYear="1898" box="[596,1003,1406,1429]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Tubularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cornucopia">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C245FFE9FDBCFAF0A627FA69" box="[596,819,1407,1429]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Tubularia cornucopia</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C245FFE9FCD7FAF1A6F0FA68" author="Bonnevie" box="[831,996,1406,1428]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" refString="Bonnevie, K. (1898) Zur Systematik der Hydroiden. Zeitschrift fur Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 63, 465 - 495." type="journal article" year="1898">Bonnevie, 1898</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
] [specimens not seen].
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C245FFE9FF7FFA12A778FA4F" authority="Jarms 1990: 11" authorityName="Jarms" authorityPageNumber="11" authorityYear="1990" box="[151,620,1437,1459]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Nausithoidae" genus="Stephanoscyphistoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C245FFE9FF7FFA12A4D1FA4F" box="[151,453,1437,1459]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Stephanoscyphistoma simplex</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0A9710D0C245FFE9FE3AFA11A778FA4F" author="Jarms" box="[466,620,1438,1459]" page="11" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" year="1990">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C245FFE9FE3AFA11A75EFA4F" author="Jarms" box="[466,586,1438,1459]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" refString="Jarms, G. (1990) Neubeschreibung dreier Arten der Gattung Nausithoe (Coronata, Scyphozoa) sowie Wiederbeschreibung der Art Nausithoe marginata Kolliker, 1853. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 87, 7 - 39." type="journal article" year="1990">Jarms 1990</bibRefCitation>
: 11
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[mention as a collective group].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C245FFE9FF7FFA50A4A4F908" blockId="1.[151,1436,1503,2034]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
History.—
<collectingCountry id="F3217651C245FFE9FEE5FA50A43FFA0B" box="[269,299,1503,1527]" name="American Samoa" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">As</collectingCountry>
mentioned by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C245FFE9FE3BFA50A62BFA0B" author="Kirkpatrick" box="[467,831,1503,1527]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" refString="Kirkpatrick, R. (1890) Report upon the Hydrozoa and Polyzoa collected by P. W. Basset-Smith, Esq., Surgeon R. N., during the Survey of the Tizard and Macclesfield Banks, in the China Sea, by H. M. S. ' Rambler', Commander W. U. Moore. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series, 5, 11 - 24." type="journal article" year="1890">Kirkpatrick (1890: 14, footnote)</bibRefCitation>
, his “bottle” of specimens was labelled with a species name (
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C245FFE9FF0DF98BA715F9E0" ID-CoL="52CNW" box="[229,513,1540,1564]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Nausithoidae" genus="Stephanoscyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C245FFE9FF0DF98BA715F9E0" box="[229,513,1540,1564]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Stephanoscyphus simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) that he attributed to G.J. Allman. Kirkpatrick noted, however, that he “...had not seen a published description of that species”. While studying the cnidarian collection at the NHM we found a small vial (NHM 1878.3.26.11) containing four stephanoscyphistomae. The vial was promptly recognized as taxonomically important because data on the label could be linked to the above account of Kirkpatrick. Based on that evidence, but given our inability to distinguish which of the
<typeStatus id="548D8863C245FFE9FCF2F91AA668F951" box="[794,892,1685,1709]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
was the specimen figured by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C245FFE9FB23F91BA444F933" author="Kirkpatrick" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" refString="Kirkpatrick, R. (1890) Report upon the Hydrozoa and Polyzoa collected by P. W. Basset-Smith, Esq., Surgeon R. N., during the Survey of the Tizard and Macclesfield Banks, in the China Sea, by H. M. S. ' Rambler', Commander W. U. Moore. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series, 5, 11 - 24." type="journal article" year="1890" yearSuffix="a">Kirkpatrick (1890, Pl. III figs 2, 2a)</bibRefCitation>
(
<figureCitation id="130D2A44C245FFE9FE88F938A4B5F933" box="[352,417,1719,1743]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[303,1279,638,1445]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[288,1298,628,1466]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 4. Nausithoe simplex (Kirkpatrick, 1890), comb. nov. 1. Original figures published in 1890; showing habit of polyp and detail of tube; adapted from the original. 2. Lectotype (NHM 1878.3.26.11 a) on the left and specimen numbered NHM 1878.3.26.11 c on the right (note that this specimen is only a basal part of the tube). Scale bar = 2 mm. 3. Scanning electronic microscopy of tube surface (NHM 1878.3.26.11 d). Scale bar = 100 µm. 4. Scanning electronic microscopy of internal whorl of cusps (NHM 1878.3.26.11 d). Scale bar = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215254/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), we selected one of the better specimens from the series and designated it as the
<typeStatus id="548D8863C245FFE9FADDF938A088F933" box="[1333,1436,1719,1743]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
(ICZN 1999, Article 74).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32C654AC245FFEBFF2FF970A643FDC0" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C245FFE9FF2FF970A187F8C0" blockId="1.[151,1436,1503,2034]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
Material examined.—
<typeStatus id="548D8863C245FFE9FE2AF970A73CF8EB" box="[450,552,1791,1815]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
(NHM 1878.3.26.11) collected in the North Atlantic (south of
<collectingCountry id="F3217651C245FFE9FAC8F970A08CF8EB" box="[1312,1432,1791,1815]" name="Greenland" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Greenland</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE025006C245FFE9FF7FF8ABA5E2F8C0" box="[151,246,1828,1852]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" precision="925" value="56.183334">56º11’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE025006C245FFE9FEEAF8ABA47CF8C0" box="[258,360,1828,1852]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" precision="925" value="-37.683334">37º41’W</geoCoordinate>
) by H.M.S.
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C245FFE9FE1AF8ABA746F8C0" box="[498,594,1828,1852]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Valorous</emphasis>
, probably in 1875, depth 1450 fathoms (~
<quantity id="4CCE9B24C245FFE9FBC3F8ABA193F8C0" box="[1067,1159,1828,1852]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="2650.0">2650 m</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C245FFE9FF2FF8C8A63DF80E" blockId="1.[151,1436,1503,2034]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
Description of
<typeStatus id="548D8863C245FFE9FE86F8C8A4C2F8A3" box="[366,470,1863,1887]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
.—NHM 1878.3.26.11a (
<figureCitation id="130D2A44C245FFE9FD04F8C8A625F8A3" box="[748,817,1863,1887]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[303,1279,638,1445]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[288,1298,628,1466]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 4. Nausithoe simplex (Kirkpatrick, 1890), comb. nov. 1. Original figures published in 1890; showing habit of polyp and detail of tube; adapted from the original. 2. Lectotype (NHM 1878.3.26.11 a) on the left and specimen numbered NHM 1878.3.26.11 c on the right (note that this specimen is only a basal part of the tube). Scale bar = 2 mm. 3. Scanning electronic microscopy of tube surface (NHM 1878.3.26.11 d). Scale bar = 100 µm. 4. Scanning electronic microscopy of internal whorl of cusps (NHM 1878.3.26.11 d). Scale bar = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215254/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Solitary polyp (4.18 mm long), with light-brown periderm tube, small basal disc for attachment (0.46 mm diameter) and
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C245FFE9FC4BF8E2A129F878" box="[931,1085,1901,1924]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Formquotient</emphasis>
0.138. D/L
<quantity id="4CCE9B24C245FFE9FB2AF8F4A1F5F875" box="[1218,1249,1915,1929]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="2.0">2mm</quantity>
0.16, and at the aperture 0,58 (Table 1). Tube surface with a pattern of transverse rings (4-5 rings/0.4 mm) with longitudinal striations, characteristic of
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C245FFE9FE7DF838A738F833" box="[405,556,1975,1999]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Nausithoidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Nausithoidae</taxonomicName>
. The tube has only one whorl of internal cusps, arranged as two larger and two smaller perradial cusps. The internal cusps are rectangular.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C246FFEAFF2FFF18A493FE53" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,431]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
Description of species.—Solitary polyps (4.18–4.56 mm long, n = 3), with light-brown periderm tube, small basal disc for attachment (0.4–0.46 mm diameter, n = 2) and
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFCA1FF32A6F7FF28" box="[841,995,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Formquotient</emphasis>
at
<quantity id="4CCE9B24C246FFEAFBEEFF33A15CFF28" box="[1030,1096,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
height (D/L
<quantity id="4CCE9B24C246FFEAFB3BFF44A1E7FF25" box="[1235,1267,203,217]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="2.0">2mm</quantity>
) 0.16–0.2 (n = 3), and at aperture 0.138–0.150 (n = 3) (see Table 1). Tube surface with pattern of transverse rings (4–5 rings/0.4 mm), with longitudinal striations, characteristic of
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C246FFEAFD3CFE88A67CFEE3" box="[724,872,263,287]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Nausithoidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Nausithoidae</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="130D2A44C246FFEAFC90FE88A6A8FEE3" box="[888,956,263,287]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[303,1279,638,1445]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[288,1298,628,1466]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 4. Nausithoe simplex (Kirkpatrick, 1890), comb. nov. 1. Original figures published in 1890; showing habit of polyp and detail of tube; adapted from the original. 2. Lectotype (NHM 1878.3.26.11 a) on the left and specimen numbered NHM 1878.3.26.11 c on the right (note that this specimen is only a basal part of the tube). Scale bar = 2 mm. 3. Scanning electronic microscopy of tube surface (NHM 1878.3.26.11 d). Scale bar = 100 µm. 4. Scanning electronic microscopy of internal whorl of cusps (NHM 1878.3.26.11 d). Scale bar = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215254/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). All tubes observed (n = 3) with a unique whorl of 4 internal cusps (two larger and two smaller perradial ones formed in the same horizontal plane). SEM preparations of the internal whorl of cusps show that the two larger cusps are rectangular in shape and with a smooth surface (
<figureCitation id="130D2A44C246FFEAFEBBFEFDA48DFE76" box="[339,409,370,394]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[303,1279,638,1445]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[288,1298,628,1466]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 4. Nausithoe simplex (Kirkpatrick, 1890), comb. nov. 1. Original figures published in 1890; showing habit of polyp and detail of tube; adapted from the original. 2. Lectotype (NHM 1878.3.26.11 a) on the left and specimen numbered NHM 1878.3.26.11 c on the right (note that this specimen is only a basal part of the tube). Scale bar = 2 mm. 3. Scanning electronic microscopy of tube surface (NHM 1878.3.26.11 d). Scale bar = 100 µm. 4. Scanning electronic microscopy of internal whorl of cusps (NHM 1878.3.26.11 d). Scale bar = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215254/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). The outline of the internal cusps is higher than broad. All the measurements of the tubes are shown in Table 1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C246FFEAFF7FFE56A4C2FD77" blockId="2.[151,1436,473,651]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFF7FFE56A41CFE12" bold="true" box="[151,264,473,494]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
<collectionCode id="ED27AE04C246FFEAFF7FFE56A5FFFE12" box="[151,235,473,494]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">TABLE</collectionCode>
1.
</emphasis>
Measurements of specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C246FFEAFDB5FE56A6FAFE0C" authority="Kirkpatrick, 1890" authorityName="Kirkpatrick" authorityYear="1890" box="[605,1006,473,496]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Nausithoidae" genus="Nausithoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="simplex" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFDB5FE56A60FFE13" box="[605,795,473,495]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Nausithoe simplex</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C246FFEAFCC3FE56A6F3FE0C" author="Kirkpatrick" box="[811,999,473,496]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Kirkpatrick, R. (1890) Report upon the Hydrozoa and Polyzoa collected by P. W. Basset-Smith, Esq., Surgeon R. N., during the Survey of the Tizard and Macclesfield Banks, in the China Sea, by H. M. S. ' Rambler', Commander W. U. Moore. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series, 5, 11 - 24." type="journal article" year="1890">Kirkpatrick, 1890</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27157A8C246FFEAFC14FE56A164FE13" box="[1020,1136,473,495]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(NHM 1878.3.26.11a, b, d). Symbols: - = no measurement; Dbd = diameter of the basal disc (in mm); Db = diameter just above the basal disc (in mm); Do = diameter of the distal aperture (in mm); Ltot = total length (in mm); D/L
<quantity id="4CCE9B24C246FFEAFC74FDABA6ADFDCC" box="[924,953,548,560]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="2.0">2mm</quantity>
= diameter at
<quantity id="4CCE9B24C246FFEAFBB9FD98A199FDD0" box="[1105,1165,535,556]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
divided by 2; Nwt = total number of whorls of cusps; cusps/whorl = number of cusps per whorl; A-
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFC6EFDB6A105FDB2" box="[902,1041,569,590]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Formquotient</emphasis>
= actual ratio between the diameter of the distal aperture (Do) and the total length (Ltot); E-
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFD5AFDD7A629FD91" box="[690,829,600,621]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Formquotient</emphasis>
= expected ratio between the diameter of the distal aperture (Do) and length equal to
<quantity id="4CCE9B24C246FFEAFE7CFDFAA4C7FD77" box="[404,467,629,651]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C246FFEAFF70FD2CA037FCD4" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
<table id="F936C461C2460017FF7FFD2CA088FCD5" box="[151,1436,675,809]" gridcols="8" gridrows="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
<tr id="35063483C2460017FF7FFD2CA088FD41" box="[151,1436,675,701]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
<th id="76D75DFFC2460017FF7FFD2CA70AFD41" box="[151,542,675,701]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Specimen Ltot</th>
<th id="76D75DFFC2460017FDDDFD2CA775FD41" box="[565,609,675,701]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Dbd</th>
<th id="76D75DFFC2460017FD91FD2CA7B1FD41" box="[633,677,675,701]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Db</th>
<th id="76D75DFFC2460017FD54FD2CA7FCFD41" box="[700,744,675,701]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Do</th>
<th id="76D75DFFC2460017FD17FD2CA6E8FD41" box="[767,1020,675,701]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
D/L2mm A-
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFC99FD2AA6E8FD46" box="[881,1020,677,698]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Formquotient</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76D75DFFC2460017FBFAFD2CA1A1FD41" box="[1042,1205,675,701]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
E-
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFBC2FD2AA1A1FD46" box="[1066,1205,677,698]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Formquotient</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76D75DFFC2460017FB26FD2CA1EEFD41" box="[1230,1274,675,701]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Nwt</th>
<th id="76D75DFFC2460017FAFEFD2CA088FD41" box="[1302,1436,675,701]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">cusps/whorl</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35063483C2460017FF7FFD45A088FD1D" box="[151,1436,714,737]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
<th id="76D75DFFC2460017FF7FFD45A70AFD1D" box="[151,542,714,737]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">NHM 1878.3.26.11a (Lectotype) 4.18</th>
<td id="76D75DFFC2460017FDDDFD45A775FD1D" box="[565,609,714,737]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">0.46</td>
<td id="76D75DFFC2460017FD91FD45A7B1FD1D" box="[633,677,714,737]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">0.12</td>
<td id="76D75DFFC2460017FD54FD45A7FCFD1D" box="[700,744,714,737]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">0.58</td>
<td id="76D75DFFC2460017FD17FD45A6E8FD1D" box="[767,1020,714,737]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">0.16 0.138</td>
<td id="76D75DFFC2460017FBFAFD45A1A1FD1D" box="[1042,1205,714,737]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">0.116</td>
<td id="76D75DFFC2460017FB26FD45A1EEFD1D" box="[1230,1274,714,737]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">1</td>
<td id="76D75DFFC2460017FAFEFD45A088FD1D" box="[1302,1436,714,737]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35063483C2460017FF7FFD61A088FCF8" box="[151,1436,750,772]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
<th id="76D75DFFC2460017FF7FFD61A70AFCF8" box="[151,542,750,772]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">NHM 1878.3.26.11b 4.4</th>
<td id="76D75DFFC2460017FDDDFD61A775FCF8" box="[565,609,750,772]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">0.4</td>
<td id="76D75DFFC2460017FD91FD61A7B1FCF8" box="[633,677,750,772]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">0.18</td>
<td id="76D75DFFC2460017FD54FD61A7FCFCF8" box="[700,744,750,772]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">0.7</td>
<td id="76D75DFFC2460017FD17FD61A6E8FCF8" box="[767,1020,750,772]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">0.2 0.159</td>
<td id="76D75DFFC2460017FBFAFD61A1A1FCF8" box="[1042,1205,750,772]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">0.140</td>
<td id="76D75DFFC2460017FB26FD61A1EEFCF8" box="[1230,1274,750,772]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">1</td>
<td id="76D75DFFC2460017FAFEFD61A088FCF8" box="[1302,1436,750,772]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35063483C2460017FF7FFC9DA088FCD5" box="[151,1436,786,809]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
<th id="76D75DFFC2460017FF7FFC9DA70AFCD5" box="[151,542,786,809]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">NHM 1878.3.26.11d (SEM) 4.56</th>
<td id="76D75DFFC2460017FDDDFC9DA775FCD5" box="[565,609,786,809]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">-</td>
<td id="76D75DFFC2460017FD91FC9DA7B1FCD5" box="[633,677,786,809]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">0.1</td>
<td id="76D75DFFC2460017FD54FC9DA7FCFCD5" box="[700,744,786,809]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">0.64</td>
<td id="76D75DFFC2460017FD17FC9DA6E8FCD5" box="[767,1020,786,809]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">0.2 0.140</td>
<td id="76D75DFFC2460017FBFAFC9DA1A1FCD5" box="[1042,1205,786,809]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">0.128</td>
<td id="76D75DFFC2460017FB26FC9DA1EEFCD5" box="[1230,1274,786,809]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">1</td>
<td id="76D75DFFC2460017FAFEFC9DA088FCD5" box="[1302,1436,786,809]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">4</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C246FFEAFF2FFCE9A048FC81" blockId="2.[151,1437,869,2009]" box="[199,1372,869,894]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
<typeStatus id="548D8863C246FFEAFF2FFCE9A5EBFC82" box="[199,255,870,894]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Type</typeStatus>
locality.—North Atlantic (south of
<collectingCountry id="F3217651C246FFEAFD78FCEAA613FC81" box="[656,775,869,893]" name="Greenland" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Greenland</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE025006C246FFEAFCFAFCEAA665FC81" box="[786,881,869,893]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" precision="925" value="56.183334">56º11’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE025006C246FFEAFC95FCEAA6F1FC81" box="[893,997,869,893]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" precision="925" value="-37.683334">37º41’W</geoCoordinate>
), depth 1450 fathoms (~
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).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C246FFEAFF2FFC06A14DFBCD" blockId="2.[151,1437,869,2009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
Comments.—Measurements of specimens NHM 1878.3.26.11a, b and d are presented in Table 1.
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFAC2FC05A5DDFC39" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Formquotient</emphasis>
is the relation between total length and diameter of the aperture (
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFC42FC22A6AAFC39" box="[938,958,941,965]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">cf</emphasis>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C246FFEAFC24FC21A145FC39" author="Jarms" box="[972,1105,941,965]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Jarms, G. (1990) Neubeschreibung dreier Arten der Gattung Nausithoe (Coronata, Scyphozoa) sowie Wiederbeschreibung der Art Nausithoe marginata Kolliker, 1853. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 87, 7 - 39." type="journal article" year="1990">Jarms 1990</bibRefCitation>
). The data presented in Table 1 as A-
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFF02FC5DA490FC15" box="[234,388,978,1001]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Formquotient</emphasis>
represent the actual relation. If we assume that the total length (Ltot) was almost equal to
<quantity id="4CCE9B24C246FFEAFA66FC5EA5D1FBF1" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
, then the expected
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFE4EFC79A754FBF1" box="[422,576,1014,1037]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Formquotient</emphasis>
would be slightly different,
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFC64FC79A6BCFBF1" box="[908,936,1014,1037]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">i.e</emphasis>
., E-
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFC32FC79A160FBF1" box="[986,1140,1014,1037]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Formquotient</emphasis>
in Table 1 (note that this value is an extrapolation of the actual opening diameter of the tube divided by
<quantity id="4CCE9B24C246FFEAFBE0FB96A15EFBCD" box="[1032,1098,1049,1073]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C246FFEAFF2FFBB2A089FB85" blockId="2.[151,1437,869,2009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
References to the species.—Below we present a chronological list of papers that report occurrences of
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C246FFEAFAAFFBB2A48EFB85" class="Scyphozoa" family="Nausithoidae" genus="Stephanoscyphistoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFAAFFBB2A48EFB85" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Stephanoscyphistoma simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C246FFEAFE20FBEEA7F0FB85" box="[456,740,1121,1145]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Nausithoidae" genus="Stephanoscyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFE20FBEEA7F0FB85" box="[456,740,1121,1145]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Stephanoscyphus simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Figure numbers given here refer to those of the cited papers.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C246FFEAFF2FFB09A68DFAF5" blockId="2.[151,1437,869,2009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
–
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C246FFEAFF35FB0AA4C9FB61" author="Kirkpatrick" box="[221,477,1157,1181]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Kirkpatrick, R. (1890) Report upon the Hydrozoa and Polyzoa collected by P. W. Basset-Smith, Esq., Surgeon R. N., during the Survey of the Tizard and Macclesfield Banks, in the China Sea, by H. M. S. ' Rambler', Commander W. U. Moore. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 th Series, 5, 11 - 24." type="journal article" year="1890">Kirkpatrick (1890: 14)</bibRefCitation>
provided a footnote mentioning that ‘the specific name
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C246FFEAFBB4FB0AA1A5FB61" box="[1116,1201,1157,1181]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Nausithoidae" genus="Stephanoscyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFBB4FB0AA1A5FB61" box="[1116,1201,1157,1181]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is on the bottle containing the specimen’. In Plate III there is only a small figure of the polyp attached to the substrate (his
<figureCitation id="130D2A44C246FFEAFACAFB26A070FB3D" box="[1314,1380,1193,1217]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[303,1279,638,1445]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[288,1298,628,1466]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 4. Nausithoe simplex (Kirkpatrick, 1890), comb. nov. 1. Original figures published in 1890; showing habit of polyp and detail of tube; adapted from the original. 2. Lectotype (NHM 1878.3.26.11 a) on the left and specimen numbered NHM 1878.3.26.11 c on the right (note that this specimen is only a basal part of the tube). Scale bar = 2 mm. 3. Scanning electronic microscopy of tube surface (NHM 1878.3.26.11 d). Scale bar = 100 µm. 4. Scanning electronic microscopy of internal whorl of cusps (NHM 1878.3.26.11 d). Scale bar = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215254/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) and one with details of the tube with the outer structure, but the drawings of two of the four cusps are only schematic (his
<figureCitation id="130D2A44C246FFEAFF20FB7EA41FFAF5" box="[200,267,1265,1289]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[303,1279,638,1445]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[288,1298,628,1466]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 4. Nausithoe simplex (Kirkpatrick, 1890), comb. nov. 1. Original figures published in 1890; showing habit of polyp and detail of tube; adapted from the original. 2. Lectotype (NHM 1878.3.26.11 a) on the left and specimen numbered NHM 1878.3.26.11 c on the right (note that this specimen is only a basal part of the tube). Scale bar = 2 mm. 3. Scanning electronic microscopy of tube surface (NHM 1878.3.26.11 d). Scale bar = 100 µm. 4. Scanning electronic microscopy of internal whorl of cusps (NHM 1878.3.26.11 d). Scale bar = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215254/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
a). Recorded from the North Atlantic (
<geoCoordinate id="EE025006C246FFEAFD50FB7EA60CFAF5" box="[696,792,1265,1289]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" precision="925" value="56.183334">56º11’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE025006C246FFEAFCCCFB7EA699FAF5" box="[804,909,1265,1289]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" precision="925" value="-37.683334">37º41’W</geoCoordinate>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C246FFEAFF2FFA9AA7ECFA89" blockId="2.[151,1437,869,2009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
Unfortunately, accounts in all of the following references do not include mention of the number of internal cusps (except
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C246FFEAFED0FAB5A4DDFAAD" author="Kramp" box="[312,457,1337,1361]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1959) Stephanoscyphus (Scyphozoa). Galathea Report, 1, 173 - 187." type="journal article" year="1959">Kramp 1959</bibRefCitation>
), and we were not able to locate relevant specimens. Thus, these records of
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C246FFEAFAC2FAB6A5F8FA89" class="Scyphozoa" family="Nausithoidae" genus="Nausithoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="simplex" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFAC2FAB6A5F8FA89" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Nausithoe simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27157A8C246FFEAFF12FAD2A46DFA89" box="[250,377,1373,1397]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, must be considered questionable.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C246FFEAFF2FFA0DA482FA41" blockId="2.[151,1437,869,2009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
–
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C246FFEAFF34FA0EA4C6FA65" author="Leloup" box="[220,466,1409,1433]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Leloup, E. (1937) Hydropolypes et scyphopolypes recueillis par C. Dawydoff sur les cotes de l'Indochine francaise. II. Scyphopolypes. Memoires de Musee Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, 12, 1 - 73." type="journal article" year="1937">Leloup (1937: 60–61)</bibRefCitation>
considered
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C246FFEAFDB2FA0DA7DFFA65" box="[602,715,1409,1433]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Nausithoidae" genus="Nausithoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFDB2FA0DA7DFFA65" box="[602,715,1409,1433]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">S. simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C246FFEAFC59FA0EA021FA65" authority="Kolliker, 1853" authorityName="Kolliker" authorityYear="1853" box="[945,1333,1409,1433]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Nausithoidae" genus="Nausithoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFC59FA0EA19FFA65" box="[945,1163,1409,1433]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Nausithoe punctata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C246FFEAFB7BFA0EA021FA65" author="Kolliker" box="[1171,1333,1409,1433]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Kolliker, A. (1853) in: Gegenbaur, C., Kolliker, A. &amp; Muller, H. (1853) Bericht uber einige Herbste 1852 in Messina angestellte vergleichend-anatomische Untersuchungen. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 4, 299 - 370." type="journal article" year="1853">Kölliker, 1853</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C246FFEAFABDFA0EA491FA41" class="Scyphozoa" family="Nausithoidae" genus="Stephanoscyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFABDFA0EA491FA41" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Stephanoscyphus mirabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C246FFEAFF2FFA45A60AF9D5" blockId="2.[151,1437,869,2009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
–
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C246FFEAFF36FA45A46BFA1D" author="Kramp" box="[222,383,1481,1505]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1951) Hydrozoa and Scyphozoa. Reports of the Swedish Deep-sea Expedition. Zoology, 2, 121 - 127." type="journal article" year="1951">Kramp (1951)</bibRefCitation>
described polyps from the north coast of
<collectingCountry id="F3217651C246FFEAFC8DFA46A6BDFA1D" box="[869,937,1481,1505]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE025006C246FFEAFC53FA46A109FA1D" box="[955,1053,1481,1505]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" precision="925" value="2.4333334">02º26’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE025006C246FFEAFBC3FA46A184FA1D" box="[1067,1168,1481,1505]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" precision="925" value="-39.433334">39º26’W</geoCoordinate>
) and from two stations between the West Indies and the
<collectingCountry id="F3217651C246FFEAFDFDFA62A793F9F9" box="[533,647,1517,1541]" name="Bermuda" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Bermudas</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE025006C246FFEAFD71FA62A7EEF9F9" box="[665,762,1517,1541]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" precision="925" value="24.2">24º12’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE025006C246FFEAFCE0FA62A678F9F9" box="[776,876,1517,1541]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" precision="925" value="-63.383335">63º23’W</geoCoordinate>
and
<geoCoordinate id="EE025006C246FFEAFC40FA62A11DF9F9" box="[936,1033,1517,1541]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" precision="925" value="28.416666">28º25’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE025006C246FFEAFBFFFA62A16BF9F9" box="[1047,1151,1517,1541]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" precision="925" value="-61.083332">61º05’W</geoCoordinate>
), but
<figureCitation id="130D2A44C246FFEAFB2AFA62A01DF9F9" box="[1218,1289,1517,1541]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[303,1279,638,1445]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[288,1298,628,1466]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 4. Nausithoe simplex (Kirkpatrick, 1890), comb. nov. 1. Original figures published in 1890; showing habit of polyp and detail of tube; adapted from the original. 2. Lectotype (NHM 1878.3.26.11 a) on the left and specimen numbered NHM 1878.3.26.11 c on the right (note that this specimen is only a basal part of the tube). Scale bar = 2 mm. 3. Scanning electronic microscopy of tube surface (NHM 1878.3.26.11 d). Scale bar = 100 µm. 4. Scanning electronic microscopy of internal whorl of cusps (NHM 1878.3.26.11 d). Scale bar = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215254/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Figs 4</figureCitation>
and
<quantity id="4CCE9B24C246FFEAFAACFA62A066F9F9" box="[1348,1394,1517,1541]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
his work provide no information about structure of the cusps.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C246FFEAFF2FF9B9A756F8D9" blockId="2.[151,1437,869,2009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
–
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C246FFEAFF37F9B9A495F9B1" author="Kramp" box="[223,385,1589,1613]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1959) Stephanoscyphus (Scyphozoa). Galathea Report, 1, 173 - 187." type="journal article" year="1959">Kramp (1959)</bibRefCitation>
provided rather good information about the tube structures of specimens that he attributed wrongly to
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C246FFEAFEF1F9D6A722F98D" box="[281,566,1625,1649]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Nausithoidae" genus="Stephanoscyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFEF1F9D6A722F98D" box="[281,566,1625,1649]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Stephanoscyphus simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<figureCitation id="130D2A44C246FFEAFDB2F9D6A7ABF98D" box="[602,703,1625,1649]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[303,1279,638,1445]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[288,1298,628,1466]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 4. Nausithoe simplex (Kirkpatrick, 1890), comb. nov. 1. Original figures published in 1890; showing habit of polyp and detail of tube; adapted from the original. 2. Lectotype (NHM 1878.3.26.11 a) on the left and specimen numbered NHM 1878.3.26.11 c on the right (note that this specimen is only a basal part of the tube). Scale bar = 2 mm. 3. Scanning electronic microscopy of tube surface (NHM 1878.3.26.11 d). Scale bar = 100 µm. 4. Scanning electronic microscopy of internal whorl of cusps (NHM 1878.3.26.11 d). Scale bar = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215254/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
. Nevertheless, his
<figureCitation id="130D2A44C246FFEAFC7AF9D6A6CCF98D" box="[914,984,1625,1649]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[303,1279,638,1445]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[288,1298,628,1466]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 4. Nausithoe simplex (Kirkpatrick, 1890), comb. nov. 1. Original figures published in 1890; showing habit of polyp and detail of tube; adapted from the original. 2. Lectotype (NHM 1878.3.26.11 a) on the left and specimen numbered NHM 1878.3.26.11 c on the right (note that this specimen is only a basal part of the tube). Scale bar = 2 mm. 3. Scanning electronic microscopy of tube surface (NHM 1878.3.26.11 d). Scale bar = 100 µm. 4. Scanning electronic microscopy of internal whorl of cusps (NHM 1878.3.26.11 d). Scale bar = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215254/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Figs 2</figureCitation>
a and 2b resemble the cusp structures of known species of
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C246FFEAFE88F9F2A4AFF969" box="[352,443,1661,1685]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Atorellidae" genus="Atorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFE88F9F2A4AFF969" box="[352,443,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Atorella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. That his specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C246FFEAFD2CF9F2A6F5F969" box="[708,993,1661,1685]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Nausithoidae" genus="Stephanoscyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFD2CF9F2A6F5F969" box="[708,993,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Stephanoscyphus simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be referred to
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C246FFEAFB5AF9F2A019F969" box="[1202,1293,1661,1685]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Atorellidae" genus="Atorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFB5AF9F2A019F969" box="[1202,1293,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Atorella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is supported by Fig. 6, plate 1. That illustration shows internal cusps attached to the tube wall with horizontal oval outlines, characteristic of
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C246FFEAFEB9F94AA4C7F921" box="[337,467,1733,1757]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Atorellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Atorellidae</taxonomicName>
. Parts of his material were ascribed by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C246FFEAFC62F94AA1A2F921" author="Morandini" box="[906,1206,1733,1757]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Morandini, A. C. &amp; Jarms, G. (2005) New combinations for two coronate polyp species (Atorellidae and Nausithoidae, Coronatae, Scyphozoa, Cnidaria). Contributions to Zoology, 74, 117 - 123." type="journal article" year="2005">Morandini &amp; Jarms (2005)</bibRefCitation>
to
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C246FFEAFB32F94AA471F8FD" authority="Vanhoffen, 1910" authorityName="Vanhoffen" authorityYear="1910" class="Scyphozoa" family="Nausithoidae" genus="Nausithoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFB32F94AA088F921" box="[1242,1436,1733,1757]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Nausithoe striata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C246FFEAFF76F966A449F8FD" author="Vanhoffen" box="[158,349,1769,1793]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Vanhoffen, E. (1910) Die Hydroiden der Deutschen Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903. Deutsch Sudpolar-Expedition, 11, 269 - 340." type="journal article" year="1910">Vanhöffen, 1910</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C246FFEAFE77F966A61AF8FD" authority="Leloup, 1937" authorityName="Leloup" authorityYear="1937" box="[415,782,1769,1793]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Atorellidae" genus="Atorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sibogae">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFE77F966A74DF8FD" box="[415,601,1769,1793]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Atorella sibogae</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C246FFEAFD82F966A612F8FD" author="Leloup" box="[618,774,1769,1793]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Leloup, E. (1937) Hydropolypes et scyphopolypes recueillis par C. Dawydoff sur les cotes de l'Indochine francaise. II. Scyphopolypes. Memoires de Musee Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, 12, 1 - 73." type="journal article" year="1937">Leloup, 1937</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. The numerous stations where these specimens were collected are shown on the map in Fig. 9.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C246FFEAFF2FF8BDA18CF891" blockId="2.[151,1437,869,2009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
–
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C246FFEAFF34F8BEA4B1F8B5" author="Wolff" box="[220,421,1841,1865]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Wolff, T. (1961) Animal life from a single abyssal trawling. Galathea Report, 5, 129 - 162." type="journal article" year="1961">Wolff (1961: 139)</bibRefCitation>
provided no figure, but reported the occurrence of a single polyp growing over the bivalve
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C246FFEAFF7FF8D9A5E8F891" box="[151,252,1878,1901]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limopsidae" genus="Limopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arcoida" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C246FFEAFF7FF8D9A5E8F891" box="[151,252,1878,1901]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Limopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the East Pacific, collected by the
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C246FFEAFD7CF8DAA66EF891" authority="Expedition" authorityName="Expedition" box="[660,890,1877,1901]" class="Malacostraca" family="Galatheidae" genus="Galathea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Galathea Expedition</taxonomicName>
(Station 716, at
<quantity id="4CCE9B24C246FFEAFBDBF8DAA198F891" box="[1075,1164,1877,1901]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.57" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="3570.0">3570 m</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C246FFEAFF2FF8F5A6A3F849" blockId="2.[151,1437,869,2009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
–
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C246FFEAFF34F8F6A4CAF86D" author="Brahm" box="[220,478,1913,1937]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Brahm, C. &amp; Mohr, J. L. (1962) Report of a scyphozoan Stephanoscyphus simplex Kirkpatrick from the Arctic Ocean. Bulletin of the South California Academy of Sciences, 61, 64." type="journal article" year="1962">Brahm &amp; Mohr (1962)</bibRefCitation>
provided no figure. The collection sites are in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas, Arctic Ocean:
<geoCoordinate id="EE025006C246FFEAFF05F812A45AF849" box="[237,334,1949,1973]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" precision="925" value="71.75">71º45’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE025006C246FFEAFEB1F812A4DFF849" box="[345,459,1949,1973]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" precision="925" value="-144.91667">144º55’W</geoCoordinate>
(
<quantity id="4CCE9B24C246FFEAFE32F812A726F849" box="[474,562,1949,1973]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.54" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="1540.0">1540 m</quantity>
) and
<geoCoordinate id="EE025006C246FFEAFD99F812A7C6F849" box="[625,722,1949,1973]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" precision="925" value="74.9">74º54’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE025006C246FFEAFD35F812A65BF849" box="[733,847,1949,1973]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" precision="925" value="-165.8">165º48’W</geoCoordinate>
(
<quantity id="4CCE9B24C246FFEAFCB6F812A6BEF849" box="[862,938,1949,1973]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.71" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="471.0">471 m</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C246FFEBFF2FF84DA067FF53" blockId="2.[151,1437,869,2009]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,572]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
–
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C246FFEAFF33F84EA4FCF825" author="Brahm" box="[219,488,1985,2009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Brahm, C. &amp; Geiger, S. R. (1966) Additional records of the scyphozoan Stephanoscyphus simplex Kirkpatrick. Bulletin of the South California Academy of Sciences, 65, 47 - 52." type="journal article" year="1966">Brahm &amp; Geiger (1966)</bibRefCitation>
also provided no figure. Their material was collected at 15 stations from
<quantity id="4CCE9B24C246FFEBFAF0F84EA5B9FF53" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="64" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="14.4" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="775.0" valueMax="1440.0" valueMin="110.0">110 to 1440 m</quantity>
in the Arctic Ocean, and from the
<collectingCountry id="F3217651C247FFEBFDDAFF17A771FF53" box="[562,613,152,175]" name="Peru" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Peru</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F3217651C247FFEBFD74FF18A7CDFF53" box="[668,729,151,175]" name="Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Chile</collectingCountry>
trench to the
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Ocean (
<quantity id="4CCE9B24C247FFEBFBD0FF18A1D3FF53" box="[1080,1223,151,175]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4814999999999996" metricValueMax="6.006" metricValueMin="0.957" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="3481.5" valueMax="6006.0" valueMin="957.0">957–6006 m</quantity>
) (Map,
<figureCitation id="130D2A44C247FFEBFAC9FF18A075FF53" box="[1313,1377,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[303,1279,638,1445]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[288,1298,628,1466]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 4. Nausithoe simplex (Kirkpatrick, 1890), comb. nov. 1. Original figures published in 1890; showing habit of polyp and detail of tube; adapted from the original. 2. Lectotype (NHM 1878.3.26.11 a) on the left and specimen numbered NHM 1878.3.26.11 c on the right (note that this specimen is only a basal part of the tube). Scale bar = 2 mm. 3. Scanning electronic microscopy of tube surface (NHM 1878.3.26.11 d). Scale bar = 100 µm. 4. Scanning electronic microscopy of internal whorl of cusps (NHM 1878.3.26.11 d). Scale bar = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215254/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C247FFEBFF2FFF32A444FEE0" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,572]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
–
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C247FFEBFF34FF33A722FF28" author="Gili" box="[220,566,188,212]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refString="Gili, J. M. (1986) Estudio sistematico y faunistico de los cnidarios de la costa catalana. Unpublished PhD thesis, Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, 565 pp." type="book" year="1986">Gili (1986, unpublished thesis)</bibRefCitation>
described specimens identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C247FFEBFC52FF33A1C2FF28" box="[954,1238,188,212]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Nausithoidae" genus="Stephanoscyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C247FFEBFC52FF33A1C2FF28" box="[954,1238,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Stephanoscyphus simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Spanish coast (Medas and Cadaqués islands), collected at shallow depths (
<quantity id="4CCE9B24C247FFEBFC93FF50A6C1FF0B" box="[891,981,223,247]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="12.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="5.0">5–20 m</quantity>
). The author described the presence of 8 cusps per whorl.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C247FFEBFF2FFEA7A18FFE98" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,572]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
–
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C247FFEBFF34FEA7A4D2FEC3" author="Petersen" box="[220,454,295,319]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refString="Petersen, K. W. (1990) Evolution and taxonomy in capitate hydroids and medusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 100, 101 - 231." type="journal article" year="1990">Petersen (1990: 177)</bibRefCitation>
and later
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C247FFEBFDDEFEA8A7E6FEC3" author="Schuchert" box="[566,754,295,319]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refString="Schuchert, P. (2001) Hydroids of Greenland and Iceland (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). Meddelelser om Gronland, Bioscience, 53, 1 - 184." type="journal article" year="2001">Schuchert (2001</bibRefCitation>
: 42, 2010: 375) stated that the athecate hydrozoan
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C247FFEBFAC5FEA7A4C6FE98" authority="Bonnevie, 1898" authorityName="Bonnevie" authorityYear="1898" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Tubularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cornucopia">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C247FFEBFAC5FEA7A403FE98" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Tubularia cornucopia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C247FFEBFEF5FEC3A4C6FE98" author="Bonnevie" box="[285,466,332,356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refString="Bonnevie, K. (1898) Zur Systematik der Hydroiden. Zeitschrift fur Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 63, 465 - 495." type="journal article" year="1898">Bonnevie, 1898</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, after
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C247FFEBFDFFFEC3A7CEFE98" author="Broch" box="[535,730,332,356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refString="Broch, H. (1916) Hydroida (Part 1). Danish Ingolf Expedition, 5, 1 - 66." type="journal article" year="1916">Broch (1916: 29)</bibRefCitation>
, was actually
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C247FFEBFC90FEC3A180FE98" box="[888,1172,332,356]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Nausithoidae" genus="Stephanoscyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C247FFEBFC90FEC3A180FE98" box="[888,1172,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Stephanoscyphus simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C247FFEBFF2FFEFFA79CFDEB" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,572]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
–
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C247FFEBFF34FEE0A4C0FE7B" author="Altuna" box="[220,468,367,391]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refString="Altuna Prados, A. (1994 a) Estudio faunistico, ecologico y biogeografico de los cnidarios bentonicos de la costa vasca. Unpublished PhD thesis, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain, 769 pp." type="book" year="1994" yearSuffix="a">
Altuna
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C247FFEBFEC7FEE0A4C0FE7B" author="Prados" box="[303,468,367,391]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refString="Altuna Prados, A. (1994 a) Estudio faunistico, ecologico y biogeografico de los cnidarios bentonicos de la costa vasca. Unpublished PhD thesis, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain, 769 pp." type="book" year="1994" yearSuffix="a">Prados (1994a</bibRefCitation>
</bibRefCitation>
: 45–46, unpublished thesis) superficially described as
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C247FFEBFBD0FEFFA041FE74" box="[1080,1365,368,392]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Nausithoidae" genus="Stephanoscyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C247FFEBFBD0FEFFA041FE74" box="[1080,1365,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Stephanoscyphus simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
material from the Basque coast (Bay of Biscay), at depths between
<quantity id="4CCE9B24C247FFEBFC87FE1BA6E7FE50" box="[879,1011,404,428]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="530.0" valueMax="1000.0" valueMin="60.0">60–1000 m</quantity>
. The species was not illustrated, and internal cusps of the tubes were not inspected. The records were also cited as
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C247FFEBFBEAFE37A160FE2C" box="[1026,1140,440,464]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Nausithoidae" genus="Stephanoscyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C247FFEBFBEAFE37A160FE2C" box="[1026,1140,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">S. simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in a species list published by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C247FFEBFF53FE53A4A3FE08" author="Altuna" box="[187,439,476,500]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refString="Altuna Prados, A. (1994 b) Observaciones biogeograficas sobre los cnidarios bentonicos de la costa Vasca. KOBIE (Serie Ciencias Naturales), 22, 41 - 57." type="journal article" year="1994" yearSuffix="b">
Altuna
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C247FFEBFEE7FE53A4A3FE08" author="Prados" box="[271,439,476,500]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refString="Altuna Prados, A. (1994 b) Observaciones biogeograficas sobre los cnidarios bentonicos de la costa Vasca. KOBIE (Serie Ciencias Naturales), 22, 41 - 57." type="journal article" year="1994" yearSuffix="b">Prados (1994b</bibRefCitation>
</bibRefCitation>
: 43, 54). Some of these polyps were later described as a new species,
<taxonomicName id="4C364D42C247FFEBFB3DFE53A081FE08" box="[1237,1429,476,500]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Nausithoidae" genus="Nausithoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coronatae" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sorbei">
<emphasis id="B942EAD3C247FFEBFB3DFE53A081FE08" box="[1237,1429,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Nausithoe sorbei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, by Jarms, Tiemann &amp; Altuna
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C247FFEBFE0BFE70A797FDEB" author="Prados" box="[483,643,511,535]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refString="Jarms, G., Tiemann, H. &amp; Prados, A. A. (2003) A new bathybenthic coronate polyp, Nausithoe sorbei sp. nov. (Scyphozoa, Coronatae), from the Bay of Biscay and off Azores. Mitteilungen aus dem hamburgischen zoologischen Museum und Institut, 100, 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="2003">Prados (2003)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936C1C247FFEBFF2FFDAAA643FDC0" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,572]" box="[199,855,548,572]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
–
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B30C247FFEBFF34FDABA4CEFDC0" author="Burch" box="[220,474,548,572]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refString="Burch, B. L. &amp; Burch, T. A. (1995) New Hawaiian records for Stephanoscyphus simplex Kirkpatrick (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa). Records of the Hawaiian Biological Survey for 1994. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers, 42, 53." type="journal article" year="1995">Burch &amp; Burch (1995)</bibRefCitation>
reported specimens from Hawaii.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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