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<document id="CCDFC307CEF1029D8F7B3345FC5F1B84" ID-CLB-Dataset="55590" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5134.2.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8e7e70d4-d45d-436f-ac81-fff079da659e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6534965" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1652172213839" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Vas, Zoltán, Rezaei, Shoreh, Fallahzadeh, Majid, Mohammadi-Khoramabadi, Abbas, Saghaei, Nazila &amp; Ljubomirov, Toskho" docDate="2022" docId="03FED640FF90E5126689394DFB5BFE5C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5134.2.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5134 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Melalophacharops persicus Vas" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="273" masterDocId="FFC7AE38FF99E51E661E3C78FF8CFFF1" masterDocTitle="Contributions to the taxonomy, identification, and biogeography of Palaearctic Campopleginae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), with the descriptions of four new species from Iran" masterLastPageNumber="274" masterPageNumber="261" pageNumber="270" updateTime="1701998186738" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="AEEF05BDF123A6523D6CD6CCF4B83B2A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="9570B8318C4A55CD0FBFDB8E3A7ED0B4">
<mods:title id="5D200CBF37CA229B7F0C5E3037746915">Contributions to the taxonomy, identification, and biogeography of Palaearctic Campopleginae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), with the descriptions of four new species from Iran</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="5C60629D5C5CCC971AAEF567650901BE" type="personal">
<mods:role id="3F182058F807CEDBBC00E4053338E63F">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4FE97D032946C8C8C157604087969F54">Vas, Zoltán</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="453D30E309C5DFEFCB6F41483FD2DCE6" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1361-180X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7A8BF634F7BE559D9DA7A5025E5EA1C9">Hungarian Natural History Museum, Department of Zoology, Hymenoptera Collection, H- 1088 Budapest, Baross u. 13, Hungary. vas. zoltan @ nhmus. hu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1361 - 180 X</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EF088417348400324890295396312466" type="email">vas.zoltan@nhmus.hu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="BF63B63898755BBA07081A85FB1582AA">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1E77A9B4CFE6D38C24F1B71D0BC6149F">Rezaei, Shoreh</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="975D1221D05062DC29BE78036C848458">Islamic Azad University, Jahrom Branch, Department of Entomology, Jahrom, Iran.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="4B6EC965C93E34800A5108916B9F986F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="823903CA9B43323F3916C50E2DFE49D9">
<mods:roleTerm id="C73791230DCDAC246E051B450951582F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="FCBCC5843ADBDB9AE2A50024D8E9867E">Fallahzadeh, Majid</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2EDA9050944B713BAF87308177185E6F">Islamic Azad University, Jahrom Branch, Department of Entomology, Jahrom, Iran.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="6B8557432B9B87426A093BC986A431EE" type="personal">
<mods:role id="925E6F6D740DD0E2627E9FB2FAE035B7">
<mods:roleTerm id="23EF9A55EE90E50C0C184C4A3860B963">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9546C1AF0DEB115E2929BFE43B6AB3DC">Mohammadi-Khoramabadi, Abbas</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9234485C28F238434F968AC2EC9B155A" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6711-9952</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="E59FABA07FDFDB853A9C728CAF589244">Shiraz University, Department of Plant Production, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Darab, Fars, Iran. mohamadk @ shirazu. ac. ir; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6711 - 9952</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="74ABDBCB30FD9ACB28389DDE4108E4A4" type="email">mohamadk@shirazu.ac.ir</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D6A8A7B878541BD431D0288E3332D404" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9912D2E6BCF9886228FF416AA5F1ADDC">
<mods:roleTerm id="2C04F206BE2C8C2302897A8C6B633AED">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C8F2F64BA979030D42EA459B6806A83C">Saghaei, Nazila</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="628B63D402755700310BAD73D7224C71">Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht Branch, Department of Entomology, Marvdasht, Iran.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D2158BF70BCFE1A0CCF53F2615ACACDF" type="personal">
<mods:role id="03A7C853D0D885AFA9ACBC51B958A777">
<mods:roleTerm id="D80E9FDA05B0196FD274A11804B03161">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D047F34FB3BA29C6D534C06F3C70AC0C">Ljubomirov, Toskho</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5BD8CAE10F101424E4BA3969FD7B6CE1" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3202-3309</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D06B22DBE10D7379C70DD0AD7626B5F8">Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, 1000 Sofia, Tzar Osvoboditel Blvd. 1, Bulgaria. toshkoljubomirov @ mail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3202 - 3309</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A6872192AB2E62B3ED18496250B5086C" type="email">toshkoljubomirov@mail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="7B24420DF5E7898253A8F28AC54977B8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="DA083040A5A1B919F5E92CB650098D11">
<mods:date id="EF131F4B01D9BEDC2708E2DCEA40FE64">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D8DD50DF83C28430D1287C36554F0B82">2022-05-10</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="043D6D0CF9530D68FABE0FBF30C3EC9A">5134</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="FDDAD3010D23C37D6F62B336047FAACE">2</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="676D504A4A76EA56008244145B97C94A">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="1A58871BA36F7D5B9A677856BFCAF427" type="CLB-Dataset">55590</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="07C8A1E829F933AA2BBBEC5E05356510" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5134.2.5</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FC4D8DF654C3B592E00C276DD4456E3C" type="GBIF-Dataset">8e7e70d4-d45d-436f-ac81-fff079da659e</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="DB09C1DA66B68E987DB15EA63980322C" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5AD237D990D28460CC386455AB801359" type="Zenodo-Dep">6534965</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FED640FF90E5126689394DFB5BFE5C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6537144" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195298397" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6537144" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FED640FF90E5126689394DFB5BFE5C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FED640FF90E5126689394DFB5BFE5C" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="273" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">
<subSubSection id="C34D34DDFF90E5176689394DFD08FABE" box="[151,644,1333,1360]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE86756FF90E5176689394DFD08FABE" blockId="9.[151,644,1333,1395]" box="[151,644,1333,1360]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">
<heading id="D0A0D03AFF90E5176689394DFD08FABE" bold="true" box="[151,644,1333,1360]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF90E5176689394DFD08FABE" bold="true" box="[151,644,1333,1360]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">
<taxonomicName id="4C571CD5FF90E5176689394DFD95FABE" authority="Vas" authorityName="Vas" box="[151,537,1333,1360]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Melalophacharops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persicus">
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF90E5176689394DFE68FABE" bold="true" box="[151,484,1333,1360]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">Melalophacharops persicus</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="4993A9B4FF90E51767F5394DFD95FABE" box="[491,537,1333,1359]" country="Hungary" name="Vas" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">Vas</collectingRegion>
</taxonomicName>
, sp. nov.
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D34DDFF90E51766893921FE99FA82" box="[151,277,1369,1395]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE86756FF90E51766893921FE99FA82" blockId="9.[151,644,1333,1395]" box="[151,277,1369,1395]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">
<figureCitation id="136C7BD3FF90E51766893921FE99FA82" box="[151,277,1369,1395]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–16" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1922,1946]" captionTargetBox="[162,1424,535,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-181@10.[151,1436,525,1898]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 13–16. Melalophacharops persicus Vas, sp. nov. 13, holotype female, lateral habitus, scale bar = 1 mm; 14, head, frontal view; 15, head, dorsal view; 16, propodeum, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6534974" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6534974/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">Figs 13–16</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D34DDFF90E517668939D9FE5FF9BA" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE86756FF90E517668939D9FE5FF9BA" blockId="9.[151,1437,1441,2008]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF90E517668939D9FECBFA4A" bold="true" box="[151,327,1441,1467]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B3F6D0BFF90E517675139D9FAA4FA11" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3765355309" collectingDate="2019-07-02" collectionCode="HNHM-HYM" collectorName="A. Mohammadi" country="Iran" county="Darab" elevation="2641" latitude="28.704168" location="Dasht-e-Gol" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="54.90389" municipality="Layzangan" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" specimenCode="HNHM-HYM 155258" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Fars" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54ECD9F4FF90E517675139D9FE30FA4A" box="[335,444,1441,1467]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: female,
<collectingCountry id="F34027C6FF90E517643A39DAFDD8FA4D" box="[548,596,1442,1468]" name="Iran" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">Iran</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="4993A9B4FF90E517647E39DAFD1FFA4D" box="[608,659,1442,1468]" country="Iran" name="Fars" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">Fars</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62891FDAFF90E51764BE39D9FD6BFA4A" box="[672,743,1441,1467]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">Darab</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8CFD2CFF90E51764EA39DAFCFEFA4D" box="[756,882,1442,1468]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">Layzangan</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8E88318DFF90E517656139D9FB80FA4A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FED640FF90E5126689394DFB5BFE5C:8E88318DFF90E517656139D9FB80FA4A" box="[895,1036,1441,1467]" country="Iran" county="Darab" latitude="28.704168" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="54.90389" municipality="Layzangan" name="Dasht-e-Gol" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" stateProvince="Fars">Dasht-e-Gol</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE630191FF90E517620739D9FB28FA4D" box="[1049,1188,1441,1468]" degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" precision="15" seconds="15" value="28.704168">28°42’15”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE630191FF90E51762AC39D9FAB7FA4D" box="[1202,1339,1441,1468]" degrees="54" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" precision="15" seconds="14" value="54.90389">54°54’14”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CAFCAB3FF90E517635939D9FA14FA4A" box="[1351,1432,1441,1467]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.641" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" unit="m" value="2641.0">
<elevation id="007A8065FF90E517635939D9FA14FA4A" box="[1351,1432,1441,1467]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.641" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" unit="m" value="2641.0">2641m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFE94196FF90E517668939BDFF72FA11" box="[151,254,1477,1504]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" value="2019-07-02">
<collectingDate id="EFADB87EFF90E517668939BDFF72FA11" box="[151,254,1477,1504]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" value="2019-07-02">2019.7.2</collectingDate>
</date>
–15, leg.
<collectorName id="26A20280FF90E517677E39BEFD98FA2E" box="[352,532,1477,1504]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">A. Mohammadi</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26A20280FF90E517643E39BDFDF5FA2E" box="[544,633,1477,1503]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">Malaise</collectorName>
trap, specimen card-mounted,
<collectorName id="26A20280FF90E51765CD39BDFBAEFA11" box="[979,1058,1477,1504]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">Id. No.</collectorName>
<specimenCode id="DBF1CF2DFF90E517623739BEFAA4FA11" box="[1065,1320,1477,1504]" collectionCode="HNHM-HYM" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">HNHM-HYM 155258</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B3F6D0BFF90E517632C39BEFE42F9BA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3765355308" collectingDate="2019-06-09" collectionCode="HNHM" collectorName="A. Mohammadi " country="Iran" county="Shiraz University" elevation="2641" latitude="28.704168" location="Insect Collection of College" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="54.90389" municipality="Natural Resources of Darab" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" specimenCount="5" stateProvince="Fars" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54ECD9F4FF90E517632C39BEFA14FA11" box="[1330,1432,1478,1504]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
: female, same locality and collector,
<date id="FFE94196FF90E51764323991FD1DF9F2" box="[556,657,1513,1539]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" value="2019-06-09">
<collectingDate id="EFADB87EFF90E51764323991FD1DF9F2" box="[556,657,1513,1539]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" value="2019-06-09">2019.6.9</collectingDate>
</date>
–7.2. The
<typeStatus id="54ECD9F4FF90E51764E13991FCEDF9F2" box="[767,865,1513,1539]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="54ECD9F4FF90E51765893992FC7BF9F5" box="[919,1015,1514,1540]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
specimens are card-mounted, the
<typeStatus id="54ECD9F4FF90E51763693991FF51F9D6" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED46FF93FF90E51767973A76FE6DF9D9" box="[393,481,1550,1576]" country="Hungary" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34991" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34991" name="Hungarian Natural History Museum (Termeszettudomanyi Muzeum)" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">HNHM</collectionCode>
, the
<typeStatus id="54ECD9F4FF90E517640A3A76FDF8F9D9" box="[532,628,1550,1576]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
in the
<location id="8E88318DFF90E51764A13A76FC7BF9D6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FED640FF90E5126689394DFB5BFE5C:8E88318DFF90E51764A13A76FC7BF9D6" box="[703,1015,1549,1576]" county="Shiraz University" municipality="Natural Resources of Darab" name="Insect Collection of College" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">
Insect Collection of
<location id="8E88318DFF90E51765BE3A75FC7BF9D6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FED640FF90E5126689394DFB5BFE5C:8E88318DFF90E51765BE3A75FC7BF9D6" box="[928,1015,1549,1575]" county="Shiraz University" municipality="Natural Resources of Darab" name="College of Agriculture" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">College</location>
</location>
of Agriculture and
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8CFD2CFF90E51762D13A75FF71F9BA" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">Natural Resources of Darab</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="62891FDAFF90E51767163A49FE42F9BA" box="[264,462,1585,1611]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">Shiraz University</collectingCounty>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D34DDFF90E51766D93A2DFB7CF861" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE86756FF90E51766D93A2DFB7CF861" blockId="9.[151,1437,1441,2008]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF90E51766D93A2DFECEF99E" bold="true" box="[199,322,1621,1647]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The new species can be reliably identified by the following character states in combination: ocularocellar distance 0.7× as long as ocellus diameter; face rugose; malar space 0.6× as long as basal width of mandible; scutellum strongly but almost evenly convex in profile, lateral carinae developed only on basal half; dorsal half of mesopleuron rugose with fine punctures and with diagonal wrinkles anterior to speculum, ventral half of mesopleuron punctate on coriaceous background; ventral part of epicnemial carina little elevated; propodeum rugose, propodeal carinae distinctly developed on anterior third, obsolescent on posterior two-third; area superomedia as long as wide, parallel behind costulae, posteriorly opened; glymma small; scapus and pedicellus ventrally yellowish orange; tegula pale yellow; metasoma orange, except basal 0.7 of first segment black and apical margin of second tergite laterally narrowly blackish; hind femur and tibia reddish orange, tibia with a pale basal spot.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D34DDFF90E51566D93BE1FE0AF910" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="272" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE86756FF90E51766D93BE1FB00F845" blockId="9.[151,1437,1441,2008]" box="[199,1164,1945,1972]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF90E51766D93BE1FED5F842" bold="true" box="[199,345,1945,1971]" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">Description.</emphasis>
Female (
<figureCitation id="136C7BD3FF90E51767DF3BE1FDCFF845" box="[449,579,1945,1972]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–16" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1922,1946]" captionTargetBox="[162,1424,535,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-181@10.[151,1436,525,1898]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 13–16. Melalophacharops persicus Vas, sp. nov. 13, holotype female, lateral habitus, scale bar = 1 mm; 14, head, frontal view; 15, head, dorsal view; 16, propodeum, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6534974" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6534974/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">Figs 13–16</figureCitation>
). Body length ca.
<quantity id="4CAFCAB3FF90E51765103BE2FCDDF845" box="[782,849,1946,1972]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
, fore wing length ca.
<quantity id="4CAFCAB3FF90E517625A3BE1FB04F845" box="[1092,1160,1945,1972]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="270" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE86756FF90E51466D93BC5FC2EFE04" blockId="9.[151,1437,1441,2008]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,501]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="271" pageId="9" pageNumber="270">
Head: Antenna long and slender, with 35 flagellomeres; first flagellomere ca. 4× as long as its apical width; preapical flagellomeres slightly longer than wide. Head with relatively long hairs, transverse, matt; vertex, frons, face, clypeus and malar space rugose; gena and occiput coriaceous with small, weak punctures; occiput distinctly impressed. Ocular-ocellar distance 0.7× as long as ocellus diameter, distance between lateral ocelli 2× as long as ocellus diameter. Inner eye orbits distinctly indented, about parallel (
<figureCitation id="136C7BD3FF93E51465B63D7BFC71FEEC" box="[936,1021,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–16" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1922,1946]" captionTargetBox="[162,1424,535,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-181@10.[151,1436,525,1898]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 13–16. Melalophacharops persicus Vas, sp. nov. 13, holotype female, lateral habitus, scale bar = 1 mm; 14, head, frontal view; 15, head, dorsal view; 16, propodeum, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6534974" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6534974/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="271">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). Gena short, in dorsal view 0.4× as long as eye width, very strongly, linearly narrowed behind eyes (
<figureCitation id="136C7BD3FF93E514656B3D5FFC45FEB0" box="[885,969,294,321]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–16" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1922,1946]" captionTargetBox="[162,1424,535,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-181@10.[151,1436,525,1898]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 13–16. Melalophacharops persicus Vas, sp. nov. 13, holotype female, lateral habitus, scale bar = 1 mm; 14, head, frontal view; 15, head, dorsal view; 16, propodeum, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6534974" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6534974/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="271">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
). Occipital carina complete, reaching hypostomal carina distinctly before base of mandible; both carinae slightly elevated. Frons flat, slightly impressed above toruli, median longitudinal carina absent. Face slightly convex, clypeus almost flat in profile. Clypeus very weakly separated from face, small, its apical margin weakly convex, sharp. Malar space 0.6× as long as basal width of mandible. Mandible short, lower margin with wide flange from base towards teeth, flange gradually narrowed before teeth; upper mandibular tooth slightly longer than lower tooth.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2837DEFF93E51466893BFAFCAAF84F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6534974" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6534974" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6534974/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="271" startId="10.[151,264,1922,1946]" targetBox="[162,1424,535,1891]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BE86756FF93E51466893BFAFCAAF84F" blockId="10.[151,1436,1922,1982]" pageId="10" pageNumber="271">
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF93E51466893BFAFED9F86B" bold="true" box="[151,341,1922,1946]" pageId="10" pageNumber="271">FIGURES 13–16.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C571CD5FF93E51467423BFAFDFAF86B" box="[348,630,1922,1946]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Melalophacharops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persicus">
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF93E51467423BFAFDFAF86B" box="[348,630,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="271">Melalophacharops persicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Vas,
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF93E51464B13BFAFCADF86B" bold="true" box="[687,801,1922,1946]" pageId="10" pageNumber="271">sp. nov. 13</emphasis>
, holotype female, lateral habitus, scale bar = 1 mm; 1
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF93E51463523BFAFAD5F86B" bold="true" box="[1356,1369,1922,1946]" pageId="10" pageNumber="271">4</emphasis>
, head, frontal view; 1
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF93E51467323BDEFEB5F84F" bold="true" box="[300,313,1958,1982]" pageId="10" pageNumber="271">5</emphasis>
, head, dorsal view; 1
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF93E514640C3BDEFD93F84F" bold="true" box="[530,543,1958,1982]" pageId="10" pageNumber="271">6</emphasis>
, propodeum, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE86756FF92E51566D93CEFFB22FB50" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">
Mesosoma: Mesosoma conspicuously stout, its maximum length ca. 1.2× as long as its maximum depth in profile; matt to subpolished with short, dense hairs. Pronotum finely rugose-punctate, with strong transverse and diagonal wrinkles on ventral two-third, epomia strong. Mesoscutum coarsely rugose-punctate, as long as wide, convex in profile; notaulus not developed. Scuto-scutellar groove wide and moderately deep. Scutellum coarsely rugose, strongly but almost evenly convex in profile, lateral carinae developed only on basal half. Dorsal half of mesopleuron rugose with fine punctures and with diagonal wrinkles anterior to speculum; speculum smooth, polished; ventral half of mesopleuron punctate on coriaceous background. Epicnemial carina rather strong, pleural part bent to anterior margin of mesopleuron reaching it above its middle height, transversal part (i.e., the part at the level of sternaulus running through the epicnemium to the ventral edge of pronotum) not developed, ventral part (i.e., behind fore coxae) little elevated. Sternaulus indistinct. Posterior transverse carina of mesosternum complete, little elevated, medially not excised. Metanotum rugose, 0.4× as long as scutellum. Metapleuron rugose with weak, superficial punctures; basal section of juxtacoxal carina discernible; submetapleural carina complete, elevated. Pleural carina of propodeum apically weak; propodeal spiracle strongly elongate, separated from pleural carina by about its length, connected to pleural carina by a distinct ridge. Propodeum (
<figureCitation id="136C7BD3FF92E51565383E13FCF9FD77" box="[806,885,619,646]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–16" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1922,1946]" captionTargetBox="[162,1424,535,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-181@10.[151,1436,525,1898]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 13–16. Melalophacharops persicus Vas, sp. nov. 13, holotype female, lateral habitus, scale bar = 1 mm; 14, head, frontal view; 15, head, dorsal view; 16, propodeum, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6534974" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6534974/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
) rather short, in profile convex and flattened from behind, coarsely rugose, basally with weak, indistinct punctures. Propodeal carinae distinctly developed on anterior third (i.e., costulae, carinae bordering area basalis, and area superomedia except apically), obsolescent on posterior two-third except lateral sections of posterior transverse carina; median section of posterior transverse carina absent. Area basalis trapezoidal, distinctly shorter than its basal width. Area superomedia hexagonal, as long as wide, parallel behind costulae, posteriorly opened, costulae slightly before its middle. Area petiolaris rather wide, confluent with area superomedia, their junction discernible. Fore wing without areolet, 3
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51565DC3F3BFC79FCAD" box="[962,1013,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">rs-m</emphasis>
absent, second recurrent vein (2
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51563453F3BFA1EFCAD" box="[1371,1426,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">m-cu</emphasis>
) postfurcal, intercubitus (2
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51567AA3F1FFE6BFC71" box="[436,487,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">rs-m</emphasis>
) 1.4× as long as abscissa of
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E515653D3F1FFCB6FC71" box="[803,826,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">M</emphasis>
between 2
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51565AC3F1FFC69FC71" box="[946,997,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">rs-m</emphasis>
and 2
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51562363F1FFBD3FC71" box="[1064,1119,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">m-cu</emphasis>
; distal abscissa of
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E515632E3F1FFAC0FC71" box="[1328,1356,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">Rs</emphasis>
almost straight, at extreme apex slightly curved towards wing margin; nervulus (
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51565FD3FF3FB98FC55" box="[995,1044,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">cu-a</emphasis>
) postfurcal by ca. 0.3× its length, inclivous; postnervulus (abscissa of
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51564343FD7FDC6FC38" box="[554,586,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">Cu</emphasis>
1 between 1
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51564CF3FD7FC85FC39" box="[721,777,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">m-cu</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51565213FD7FCD3FC38" box="[831,863,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">Cu</emphasis>
1a +
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51565863FD7FC34FC38" box="[920,952,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">Cu</emphasis>
1b) intercepted slightly above its middle by
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51566893FABFF3BFC1C" box="[151,183,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">Cu</emphasis>
1a; lower external angle of second discal cell acute. Hind wing with distinct axillus vein; nervellus (
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51562EB3FABFAAAFC1D" box="[1269,1318,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">cu-a</emphasis>
+ abscissa of
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51566AB3F8FFF59FBE0" box="[181,213,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">Cu</emphasis>
1 between
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51567523F8FFEEFFBE1" box="[332,355,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">M</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51567863F8FFE45FBE1" box="[408,457,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">cu-a</emphasis>
) weakly inclivous, not broken, not intercepted by discoidella (
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51562653F8FFB17FBE0" box="[1147,1179,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">Cu</emphasis>
1); discoidella spectral, proximally not connected to nervellus. Coxae finely coriaceous with weak, indistinct punctures. Hind femur slender, ca. 6× as long as high. Spurs of middle tibia rather uneven, inner spur ca. 2× as long as outer spur. Inner spur of hind tibia ca. 0.7× as long as first tarsomere of hind tarsus. Hind basitarsus with a midventral row of closely spaced, short hairs. Tarsal claws longer than arolium, basal two-third with distinct, long and strong pectinae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE86756FF92E51566D938D3FAF1FAA4" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">Metasoma: Metasoma weakly compressed, finely coriaceous to shagreened, punctures indistinct, with moderately dense, short hairs. First tergite ca. 3× as long as width of its apical margin; glymma small; dorsomedian carinae of first tergite indistinctly weak. Second tergite as long as its apical width; thyridium subcircular, its distance from basal margin of tergite shorter than its length. Posterior margins of apical tergites not excised. Ovipositor sheath shorter than apical depth of metasoma; ovipositor straight, moderately compressed, dorsal preapical notch deep.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE86756FF92E51566D93927FF7DF94C" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">Colour: Antenna brown, except scapus and pedicellus ventrally yellowish orange. Head black, except palpi and mandible pale yellowish, mandibular teeth reddish brown. Mesosoma black, except tegula pale yellow. Metasoma orange, except basal 0.7 of first segment black and apical margin of second tergite laterally narrowly blackish; ovipositor sheath dark brown. Wings hyaline, wing veins brown, pterostigma somewhat lighter brown. Fore and middle legs: coxae blackish, suffused with dark reddish brown; trochanters and trochantelli pale yellowish to ivory, middle trochanter ventrally brownish; femora orange, basally and apically narrowly ivory; tibiae dorsally ivory, ventrally yellowish orange; tarsi ivory, distalmost tarsomeres more or less brownish. Hind leg: coxa black, apically narrowly dark reddish brown; trochanter and trochantellus predominantly dark brown, apically narrowly yellowish; femur reddish orange; tibia reddish orange with a basal pale yellowish spot, apically not darkened; tarsus brown. Hairs greyish.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE86756FF92E51566D93ABFFE0AF910" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,390,1735,1761]" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">Male: Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D34DDFF92E51566D93A92FE10F8F4" box="[199,412,1770,1797]" pageId="11" pageNumber="272" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BE86756FF92E51566D93A92FE10F8F4" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,412,1770,1797]" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51566D93A92FEEDF8F5" bold="true" box="[199,353,1770,1796]" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F34027C6FF92E51567793A93FE14F8F4" box="[359,408,1771,1797]" name="Iran" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">Iran</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D34DDFF92E51566D93B77FCA2F8BC" pageId="11" pageNumber="272" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE86756FF92E51566D93B77FCA2F8BC" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51566D93B77FEC2F8D8" bold="true" box="[199,334,1807,1833]" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet
<taxonomicName id="4C571CD5FF92E51564263B77FD19F8D9" box="[568,661,1807,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Melalophacharops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persicus">
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51564263B77FD19F8D9" box="[568,661,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">persicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the masculine form of the Latin adjective
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51562923B77FAC4F8D9" box="[1164,1352,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">
<taxonomicName id="4C571CD5FF92E51562923B77FB60F8D9" box="[1164,1260,1807,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Melalophacharops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persicus">persicus</taxonomicName>
, -a, -um
</emphasis>
, meaning Persian; it refers to the
<typeStatus id="54ECD9F4FF92E51567D83B4BFE7AF8BC" box="[454,502,1843,1869]" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">type</typeStatus>
locality of the new species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D34DDFF92E51266D93B2FFB5BFE5C" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="273" pageId="11" pageNumber="272" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE86756FF92E51566D93B2FFB04F82C" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51566D93B2FFDB1F880" bold="true" box="[199,573,1878,1905]" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">Remarks on generic placement.</emphasis>
The new species is included in
<taxonomicName id="4C571CD5FF92E51565853B2FFBE1F880" authorityName="Uchida" authorityYear="1928" box="[923,1133,1879,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Melalophacharops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51565853B2FFBE1F880" box="[923,1133,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">Melalophacharops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; the presence of the axillus vein of hind wing and the strongly convex, not entirely carinate scutellum clearly separates it from the otherwise rather similar
<taxonomicName id="4C571CD5FF92E51567283BE7FDA3F848" authority="Roman" authorityName="Roman" authorityYear="1910" box="[310,559,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Microcharops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF92E51567283BE7FE5FF848" box="[310,467,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="272">Microcharops</emphasis>
Roman
</taxonomicName>
, which genus is characterized by the absence of the axillus vein of hind wing and by flat (at most weakly convex), fully carinate scutellum (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC61AA7FF92E51565513BBBFC65F82C" author="Townes, H." box="[847,1001,1987,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="272" pagination="1 - 307" refId="ref9636" refString="Townes, H. (1970) The genera of Ichneumonidae. Part 3. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 11, 1 - 307." type="journal article" year="1970">Townes 1970</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC61AA7FF92E51565EA3BBBFBF0F82C" author="Gupta, V. K." box="[1012,1148,1987,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="272" pagination="1 - 42" refId="ref8922" refString="Gupta, V. K. (1987) A revision of the genus Microcharops (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Contributions to the American Entomological Institute, 23 (2), 1 - 42." type="journal article" year="1987">Gupta 1987</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE86756FF95E51266D93CEEFB5BFE5C" blockId="12.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF95E51266D93CEEFD8AFF41" bold="true" box="[199,518,150,176]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Remarks on identification.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C571CD5FF95E51264133CEEFD53FF41" authorityName="Uchida" authorityYear="1928" box="[525,735,150,176]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Melalophacharops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF95E51264133CEEFD53FF41" box="[525,735,150,176]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Melalophacharops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a rather small genus, prior to this paper only four valid species were known from the Eastern Palaearctic and
<collectingRegion id="4993A9B4FF95E51264C63CC2FCB8FF25" box="[728,820,186,212]" country="Morocco" name="Oriental" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Oriental</collectingRegion>
regions (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC61AA7FF95E51265803CC2FBCAFF24" author="Yu, D. S. &amp; van Achterberg, C. &amp; Horstmann, K." box="[926,1094,186,213]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" refId="ref10002" refString="Yu, D. S., van Achterberg, C. &amp; Horstmann, K. (2016) Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015. Nepean, Ontario. Available from: http; // www. taxapad. com [database on flash-drive]" type="book" year="2016">
Yu
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF95E51265D93CC3FC76FF25" box="[967,1018,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
). The new species is not quite similar to any known species of the genus (cf.
<bibRefCitation id="EFC61AA7FF95E51264BF3CA6FCC1FF08" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[673,845,222,249]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" pagination="3 - 8" refId="ref8625" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1905) New Hymenoptera from the Philippine Islands. Canadian Entomologist, 37 (1), 3 - 8. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 373 - 1" type="journal article" year="1905">Ashmead 1905</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC61AA7FF95E51265473CA6FC61FF09" author="Uchida, T." box="[857,1005,222,248]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" pagination="177 - 297" refId="ref9664" refString="Uchida, T. (1928) Zweiter Beitrag zur Ichneumoniden-Fauna Japans. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, 21, 177 - 297." type="journal article" year="1928">Uchida 1928</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC61AA7FF95E51265E73CA6FBB8FF09" author="Uchida, T." box="[1017,1076,222,248]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" pagination="133 - 222" refId="ref9693" refString="Uchida, T. (1932) H. Sauter's Formosa-Ausbeute. Ichneumonidae (Hym.). Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, 33, 133 - 222." type="journal article" year="1932">1932</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC61AA7FF95E512625E3CA6FBF7FF08" author="Uchida, T." box="[1088,1147,222,249]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" pagination="59 - 61" refId="ref9727" refString="Uchida, T. (1957) Drei aus den Schmetterlingslarven gezuechtete Ichneumonidenarten. Insecta Matsumurana, 21, 59 - 61." type="journal article" year="1957">1957</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC61AA7FF95E51262993CA6FA83FF09" author="Sonan, J." box="[1159,1295,222,248]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" pagination="268 - 273" refId="ref9576" refString="Sonan, J. (1930) A few host-known Ichneumonidae found in Japan and Formosa. Transactions of the Natural History Society of Formosa, 20, 268 - 273." type="journal article" year="1930">Sonan 1930</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC61AA7FF95E51263053CA6FF5FFEED" author="Kusigemati, K." pageId="12" pageNumber="273" pagination="34 - 51" refId="ref9174" refString="Kusigemati, K. (1987). Porizontinae and Diplazontinae collected by the Hokkaido University Expedition to Nepal Himalaya, 1968 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Memoirs of the Kagoshima University, Research Center for the South Pacific, 8 (1), 34 - 51." type="journal article" year="1987">Kusigemati 1987</bibRefCitation>
). Among the known species, due to its less extensive dark colouration, the
<collectingRegion id="4993A9B4FF95E512625C3D7AFB12FEED" box="[1090,1182,258,284]" country="Morocco" name="Oriental" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Oriental</collectingRegion>
species
<taxonomicName id="4C571CD5FF95E512631C3D7BFE94FEB1" authority="Kusigemati" authorityName="Kusigemati" authorityYear="1987" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Melalophacharops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balajensis">
<emphasis id="B923BB44FF95E512631C3D7BFA11FEED" box="[1282,1437,258,284]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">M. balajensis</emphasis>
Kusigemati
</taxonomicName>
is somewhat similar to the new species. However, this species can be readily distinguished from the new species by its granulose face, rather differently sculptured and shaped propodeal areae (cf.
<bibRefCitation id="EFC61AA7FF95E51262D53D32FA15FE95" author="Kusigemati, K." box="[1227,1433,330,356]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" pagination="34 - 51" refId="ref9174" refString="Kusigemati, K. (1987). Porizontinae and Diplazontinae collected by the Hokkaido University Expedition to Nepal Himalaya, 1968 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Memoirs of the Kagoshima University, Research Center for the South Pacific, 8 (1), 34 - 51." type="journal article" year="1987">Kusigemati (1987</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 2)), absent glymma (replaced by short longitudinal striae), darker metasoma (predominantly ferruginous with extensive brown patches) and legs (hind tibia darkened apically, without distinct basal pale spot).
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</treatment>
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