plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/74/3E/D7/743ED769FFBABE0B709808DAE462F9B4.xml

627 lines
76 KiB
XML
Raw Normal View History

added 74
2024-06-21 12:40:28 +02:00
<document id="7D0E14FBC8E567B13978D1647649D63E" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2012.657699" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5199887" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628905154051" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Carbayo, Fernando &amp; Froehlich, Eudóxia Maria" docDate="2012" docId="743ED769FFBABE0B709808DAE462F9B4" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.46.19-20.1153-1177.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 46 (19 - 20)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2012.657699" docStyle="DocumentStyle:DE8A86AD4006EFA56F95B2AAEFBF2813.5:JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.2cover" docStyleId="DE8A86AD4006EFA56F95B2AAEFBF2813" docStyleName="JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.2cover" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Choeradoplana banga Carbayo &amp; Froehlich 2012, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="1168" masterDocId="8807AF11FFB1BE1A7152097CE547FFCE" masterDocTitle="Three new Brazilian species of the land planarian Choeradoplana (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Geoplaninae), and an emendation of the genus" masterLastPageNumber="1177" masterPageNumber="1153" pageNumber="1162" updateTime="1699055829892" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="46B6C09038BBB68E4321D1F355B3F9E7" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="28E67AF9815AE7E160A3D6DBDE273CE8">
<mods:title id="DE33635DE5FE78BEE02DF4744618FD2B">Three new Brazilian species of the land planarian Choeradoplana (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Geoplaninae), and an emendation of the genus</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="C65B1053A4740DC8FC77F3B744EF7889" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4BC8D24BE755C34DDB8CF25723B589A6">
<mods:roleTerm id="840B5C7F384D1F7BD69279BB39A63564">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="CC4C01B50398CAC192578C491D831C27">Carbayo, Fernando</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="79FE58530704E2A8FB6DF298718D564B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B763478EB80D33C3EC22E4743562FF9A">
<mods:roleTerm id="4A9A35A5C600E7791D9A03C8F63EB99A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="55624D7DDE2A3AC808D681E90B5AB8EE">Froehlich, Eudóxia Maria</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="12B79815C17BA348877731C449558645">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="36E9F4948C316005577C3BED3CF5777A" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="DDF8CFF9C965D40B205623A00AAE09E2">
<mods:title id="E32DDBAD8D9930A03B02CE2185A7B2F0">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="1450E86E5C9AE5944A184810EE3F70B5">
<mods:date id="F1F7796E1054062CA1ED169E0D495FCC">2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="95BB99894F7051829C3DFCC70E77E0C9" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="E65EFAEE63DDD56336033EE491AF6347">2012-05-31</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="792E6FB16A923306C1669947E843C106" type="volume">
<mods:number id="5F2A5802E72A652808EB50BA584B2FD8">46</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="A3B7B91DBF368763FC4FFE098D953548" type="issue">
<mods:number id="71F04E25825D86CBE2BBF7ED14E8B328">19 - 20</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="ACD50A71ADA1D43319368910DB911885" unit="page">
<mods:start id="45E8331049622892977F71F03279FE9D">1153</mods:start>
<mods:end id="C5026B82DB042C77D0BE90DEC13CFDEC">1177</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="436BCFEC24475B8508B0EC662AF85358">
<mods:url id="93737D4293AACD5FE13FC6CDE3CE0211">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2012.657699</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="6D2FB6319A7FA57FB7A6D38ADB5C7AC2">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="400729C7567BCBE0639421CC2D8F7513" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2012.657699</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B833BF1D1DEA38810DF5D18300A7949B" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1E6EAF7E86D38C0D204C3280144CA6CF" type="Zenodo-Dep">5199887</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="743ED769FFBABE0B709808DAE462F9B4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:743ED769FFBABE0B709808DAE462F9B4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/743ED769FFBABE0B709808DAE462F9B4" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="1168" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">
<subSubSection id="B48D35F4FFBABE11709808DAE652FE70" box="[458,789,422,447]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBABE11709808DAE652FE70" blockId="11.[458,789,422,478]" box="[458,789,422,447]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">
<heading id="A760D113FFBABE11709808DAE652FE70" box="[458,789,422,447]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" reason="7">
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFBABE11709808DAE7FDFE71" ID-CoL="69YN8" authority="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich, 2012" authorityName="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich" authorityYear="2012" box="[458,698,422,447]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="banga" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBABE11709808DAE7FDFE71" bold="true" box="[458,698,422,447]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">Choeradoplana banga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5D00716FFBABE11739208DBE652FE70" box="[704,789,423,446]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B48D35F4FFBABE0B708E08BAE462F9B4" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="1168" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" type="description">
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBABE11708E08BAE645FE10" blockId="11.[458,789,422,478]" box="[476,770,454,478]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">
(
<figureCitation id="64AC7AFAFFBABE1170B608BAE73FFE10" box="[484,632,454,478]" captionStart-0="Figure 9" captionStart-1="Figure 10" captionStart-2="Figure 11" captionStart-3="Figure 12" captionStart-4="Figure 13" captionStart-5="Figure 14" captionStart-6="Figure 15" captionStartId-0="13.[143,210,1116,1138]" captionStartId-1="14.[211,278,710,732]" captionStartId-2="15.[143,210,825,847]" captionStartId-3="15.[143,210,1333,1355]" captionStartId-4="16.[211,278,769,791]" captionStartId-5="16.[211,278,1248,1270]" captionStartId-6="17.[143,210,556,578]" captionTargetBox-0="[143,1103,167,1083]" captionTargetBox-1="[214,1170,172,674]" captionTargetBox-2="[147,1100,170,790]" captionTargetBox-3="[148,1103,933,1297]" captionTargetBox-4="[211,1169,170,728]" captionTargetBox-5="[214,1168,874,1211]" captionTargetBox-6="[144,1100,172,521]" captionTargetId-0="figure-6@13.[143,1103,167,1083]" captionTargetId-1="figure-5@14.[211,1171,168,678]" captionTargetId-2="figure-6@15.[143,1103,169,792]" captionTargetId-3="figure-26@15.[143,1103,931,1300]" captionTargetId-4="figure-5@16.[211,1171,168,736]" captionTargetId-5="figure-33@16.[211,1171,866,1215]" captionTargetId-6="figure-6@17.[143,1103,168,522]" captionTargetPageId-0="13" captionTargetPageId-1="14" captionTargetPageId-2="15" captionTargetPageId-3="15" captionTargetPageId-4="16" captionTargetPageId-5="16" captionTargetPageId-6="17" captionText-0="Figure 9. Choeradoplana banga sp. nov. Holotype initiating movement. About 30 mm in length." captionText-1="Figure 10. Choeradoplana banga sp. nov. Holotype. Diagrammatic transverse section of prepharyngeal region. Scale bar 0.5 mm." captionText-2="Figure 11. Choeradoplana banga sp. nov. Holotype. Diagrammatic represention of the pharynx from sagittal sections. Scale bar 1 mm." captionText-3="Figure 12. Choeradoplana banga sp. nov. Holotype. Diagrammatic representation of the copulatory apparatus from sagittal sections. Only one-side half of the prostatic vesicle represented. Scale bar 1 mm." captionText-4="Figure 13. Choeradoplana banga sp. nov. Holotype. Micrograph of a sagittal section of the massive sphincter ventral to the male and female atria. Scale bar 0.5 mm." captionText-5="Figure 14. Choeradoplana banga sp. nov. Paratype MZUSP PL 1001. Diagrammatic representation of the copulatory apparatus from sagittal sections. Only one-side half represented. Scale bar 1 mm." captionText-6="Figure 15. Choeradoplana banga sp. nov. Paratype MZUSP PL 1001. Micrograph of a sagittal section of the copulatory apparatus. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5199905" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5199907" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5199909" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5199911" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5199913" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5199915" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5199917" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5199905/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5199907/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5199909/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5199911/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/5199913/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/5199915/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/5199917/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">Figures 9–15</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="B11553C4FFBABE1173D108BAE7A7FE10" box="[643,736,454,478]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="12.[213,268,169,191]" captionText="Table 3. Choeradoplana banga sp. nov. – body measurements of fixed specimens (in mm and % of body measurements)." pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">Tables 3</tableCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="B11553C4FFBABE1173BE08BAE7BDFE10" box="[748,762,454,478]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="14.[213,268,1171,1193]" captionText="Table 4. Choeradoplana banga sp. nov. – thickness (in µm) of cutaneous muscle layers in the pre-pharyngeal region." pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">4</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBABE1171DD0B73E46FFDE8" blockId="11.[143,296,526,550]" box="[143,296,526,550]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBABE1171DD0B73E46FFDE8" box="[143,296,526,550]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">Type material</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBABE1171DD0B42E117FD1B" blockId="11.[143,1104,574,725]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">
<materialsCitation id="4CFF6C22FFBABE1171DD0B42E117FD1B" collectingDate="2008-01-30" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="F. Carbayo" country="Brazil" latitude="-23.429167" location="Parque Estadual da Serra da Cantareira" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-46.6325" municipality="Cephalic region" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" specimenCode="PL 1000" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sao Paulo" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBABE1171DD0B42E5B1FD98" box="[143,246,574,598]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">
<typeStatus id="232CD8DDFFBABE1171DD0B42E5B1FD98" box="[143,246,574,598]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
<collectionCode id="9A86FEBAFFBABE11704A0B42E43EFD98" box="[280,377,574,598]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">MZUSP</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="AC31CE04FFBABE11702C0B43E499FD98" box="[382,478,574,598]" collectionCode="PL" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" type="Museum">PL 1000</specimenCode>
:
<location id="F94830A4FFBABE1170B40B43E6E2FD98" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:743ED769FFBABE0B709808DAE462F9B4:F94830A4FFBABE1170B40B43E6E2FD98" box="[486,933,574,598]" country="Brazil" latitude="-23.429167" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-46.6325" municipality="Cephalic region" name="Parque Estadual da Serra da Cantareira" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">Parque Estadual da Serra da Cantareira</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="3E53A89DFFBABE1172FC0B42E158FD98" box="[942,1055,574,598]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBABE1175720B42E16BFD98" bold="true" box="[1056,1068,574,598]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">/</emphasis>
SP,
<collectingCountry id="848026EFFFBABE1171DD0B22E592FDB8" box="[143,213,606,630]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBABE1171B00B23E5A9FDB8" box="[226,238,607,630]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">c</emphasis>
.
<geoCoordinate id="99A300B8FFBABE1171A30B22E43DFDB8" box="[241,378,602,630]" degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" precision="15" seconds="45" value="-23.429167">
23
<superScript id="0BE2CB37FFBABE11705D0B26E45FFDA5" attach="none" box="[271,280,602,619]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">◦</superScript>
25
<superScript id="0BE2CB37FFBABE1170670B26E47DFDA5" attach="none" box="[309,314,602,619]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">′</superScript>
45
<superScript id="0BE2CB37FFBABE1170040B26E427FDA5" attach="left" box="[342,352,602,619]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">′′</superScript>
S
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="99A300B8FFBABE1170D50B22E752FDB8" box="[391,533,602,630]" degrees="46" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-46.6325">
46
<superScript id="0BE2CB37FFBABE1170F30B26E4EDFDA5" attach="left" box="[417,426,602,619]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">◦</superScript>
37
<superScript id="0BE2CB37FFBABE1170950B26E48BFDA5" attach="none" box="[455,460,602,619]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">′</superScript>
57
<superScript id="0BE2CB37FFBABE1170BA0B26E4B5FDA5" attach="left" box="[488,498,602,619]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">′′</superScript>
W
</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectorName id="516203A9FFBABE1173700B23E7E7FDB8" box="[546,672,606,630]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">F. Carbayo</collectorName>
et al. col.,
<date id="882940BFFFBABE1172700B22E6A7FDB8" box="[802,992,606,631]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" value="2008-01-30">
<collectingDate id="986DB957FFBABE1172700B22E6A7FDB8" box="[802,992,606,631]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" value="2008-01-30">30 January 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="1C4CFC05FFBABE1172BE0B22E59DFD58" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">Cephalic region</collectingMunicipality>
: sagittal sections on six slides; anterior region 2: sagittal sections on 12 slides; anterior region 3: horizontal sections on five slides; pre-pharyngeal region: transverse sections on five slides; pharynx and copulatory apparatus: sagittal sections on 15 slides.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBABE1171DD0B92E497FC0A" blockId="11.[143,1104,745,964]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">
<materialsCitation id="4CFF6C22FFBABE1171DD0B92E494FC8B" collectingDate="2008-12-14" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="F. Carbayo" latitude="-23.429138" location="Pharynx" longLatPrecision="14" longitude="-46.6325" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" specimenCode="PL 1001" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBABE1171DD0B92E5BBFCCB" box="[143,252,750,773]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">
<typeStatus id="232CD8DDFFBABE1171DD0B92E5BBFCCB" box="[143,252,750,773]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
<collectionCode id="9A86FEBAFFBABE11704C0B91E438FCCB" box="[286,383,749,773]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">MZUSP</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="AC31CE04FFBABE1170DB0B92E4AAFCCB" box="[393,493,749,773]" collectionCode="PL" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" type="Museum">PL 1001</specimenCode>
: ibid.,
<geoCoordinate id="99A300B8FFBABE11736D0B91E79FFCCB" box="[575,728,745,773]" degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" precision="1" seconds="44.9" value="-23.429138">
23
<superScript id="0BE2CB37FFBABE11730B0B95E725FD34" attach="left" box="[601,610,745,762]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">◦</superScript>
25
<superScript id="0BE2CB37FFBABE11732C0B95E7C4FD34" attach="left" box="[638,643,745,762]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">′</superScript>
44.9&quot; S
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="99A300B8FFBABE1173B50B91E630FCCB" box="[743,887,745,773]" degrees="46" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-46.6325">
46
<superScript id="0BE2CB37FFBABE1172530B95E64DFD34" attach="left" box="[769,778,745,762]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">◦</superScript>
37
<superScript id="0BE2CB37FFBABE1172750B95E66BFD34" attach="none" box="[807,812,745,762]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">′</superScript>
57
<superScript id="0BE2CB37FFBABE11721A0B95E615FD34" attach="left" box="[840,850,745,762]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">′′</superScript>
W
</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectorName id="516203A9FFBABE1172D60B92E143FCCB" box="[900,1028,749,773]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">F. Carbayo</collectorName>
et al., col.,
<date id="882940BFFFBABE1171940A71E4DEFCEB" box="[198,409,781,805]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" value="2008-12-14">
<collectingDate id="986DB957FFBABE1171940A71E4DEFCEB" box="[198,409,781,805]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" value="2008-12-14">14 December 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
.
<location id="F94830A4FFBABE1170F10A71E741FCEB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:743ED769FFBABE0B709808DAE462F9B4:F94830A4FFBABE1170F10A71E741FCEB" box="[419,518,781,805]" latitude="-23.429138" longLatPrecision="14" longitude="-46.6325" name="Pharynx" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">Pharynx</location>
: sagittal sections on 21 slides; copulatory apparatus: sagittal sections on 17 slides
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="4CFF6C22FFBABE1170B20A51E48CFC0A" collectingDate="2008-12-14" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="F. Carbayo" latitude="-23.429138" location="Cephalic region" longLatPrecision="14" longitude="-46.6325" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" specimenCode="PL 1002" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectionCode id="9A86FEBAFFBABE1170B20A51E706FC8B" box="[480,577,813,837]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">MZUSP</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="AC31CE04FFBABE11731B0A52E7EBFC8B" box="[585,684,813,837]" collectionCode="PL" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" type="Museum">PL 1002</specimenCode>
. ibid.,
<geoCoordinate id="99A300B8FFBABE1173A80A51E6D5FC8B" box="[762,914,809,837]" degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" precision="1" seconds="44.9" value="-23.429138">
23
<superScript id="0BE2CB37FFBABE1172470A55E659FCF4" attach="none" box="[789,798,809,826]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">◦</superScript>
25
<superScript id="0BE2CB37FFBABE1172680A55E678FCF4" attach="none" box="[826,831,809,826]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">′</superScript>
44.9&quot; S
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="99A300B8FFBABE1172CD0A51E169FC8B" box="[927,1070,809,837]" degrees="46" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-46.6325">
46
<superScript id="0BE2CB37FFBABE1172E80A55E684FCF4" attach="none" box="[954,963,809,826]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">◦</superScript>
37
<superScript id="0BE2CB37FFBABE11728D0A55E6A3FCF4" attach="left" box="[991,996,809,826]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">′</superScript>
57
<superScript id="0BE2CB37FFBABE1175520A55E14DFCF4" attach="left" box="[1024,1034,809,826]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">′′</superScript>
W
</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectorName id="516203A9FFBABE1175680A52E5A8FCAB" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">F. Carbayo</collectorName>
et al., col.,
<date id="882940BFFFBABE1170210A31E700FCAB" box="[371,583,845,869]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" value="2008-12-14">
<collectingDate id="986DB957FFBABE1170210A31E700FCAB" box="[371,583,845,869]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" value="2008-12-14">14 December 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
.
<location id="F94830A4FFBABE1173030A31E640FCAB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:743ED769FFBABE0B709808DAE462F9B4:F94830A4FFBABE1173030A31E640FCAB" box="[593,775,845,869]" latitude="-23.429138" longLatPrecision="14" longitude="-46.6325" name="Cephalic region" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">Cephalic region</location>
: sagital sections on six slides; anterior region 2: sagittal sections on eight slides; pre-pharyngeal region: transverse sections on three slides; pharynx: sagittal sections on 10 slides; copulatory apparatus: sagittal sections on 18 slides
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBABE1171DD0A89E459FBC2" blockId="11.[143,286,1012,1036]" box="[143,286,1012,1036]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBABE1171DD0A89E459FBC2" box="[143,286,1012,1036]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">Type locality</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBABE1171DD0D59E437FB92" blockId="11.[143,1103,1060,1116]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">
Parque Estadual da Serra da Cantareira,
<collectingRegion id="3E53A89DFFBABE1173040D58E780FBF2" box="[598,711,1060,1084]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBABE1173950D58E794FBF2" bold="true" box="[711,723,1060,1084]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">/</emphasis>
SP,
<collectingCountry id="848026EFFFBABE1173A90D58E606FBF2" box="[763,833,1060,1084]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, covered with secondary Atlantic Rainforest.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBABE1171DD0DF0E440FB6A" blockId="11.[143,263,1164,1188]" box="[143,263,1164,1188]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBABE1171DD0DF0E440FB6A" box="[143,263,1164,1188]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBABE1171DD0DC0E4B8FADA" blockId="11.[143,1104,1211,1300]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">
In Tupi-Guarani language
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFBABE1170EB0DC0E4BDFB1A" authorityName="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich" authorityYear="2012" box="[441,506,1212,1236]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="banga">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBABE1170EB0DC0E4BDFB1A" box="[441,506,1212,1236]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">banga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
means
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBABE11731F0DC0E73BFB1A" box="[589,636,1212,1236]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">bent</emphasis>
or
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBABE1173F20DC1E7ACFB1A" box="[672,747,1213,1236]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">reverse</emphasis>
; it alludes to the ventral, behind the atrium, approach of the common glandular ovovitelline duct, in contrast to what has been described for the genus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBABE1171DD0C38E5BCFA95" blockId="11.[143,251,1348,1371]" box="[143,251,1348,1371]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBABE1171DD0C38E5BCFA95" box="[143,251,1348,1371]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBABE1171DD0C0FE7C0F9C4" blockId="11.[143,1104,1395,1547]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFBABE1171DD0C0FE471FA45" authorityName="von Graff" authorityYear="1896" box="[143,310,1395,1419]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBABE1171DD0C0FE471FA45" box="[143,310,1395,1419]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">Choeradoplana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with pale ochre dorsum, with numerous brown-to-black irregular small spots arranged in a network design; pharynx bell-shaped; prostatic vesicle intrabulbar; narrow female atrium; common glandular ovovitelline duct approaching the vagina behind the atrium, from the ventral side; a massive sphincter ventral to male and female atria, adjacent to the gonopore canal.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBABE1171DD0F47E449F99C" blockId="11.[143,270,1595,1618]" box="[143,270,1595,1618]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBABE1171DD0F47E449F99C" box="[143,270,1595,1618]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBABE1171DD0F17E117F96C" blockId="11.[143,1104,1642,1699]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">
<materialsCitation id="4CFF6C22FFBABE1171DD0F17E117F96C" collectionCode="MZUSP" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" specimenCode="PL 1002" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="232CD8DDFFBABE1171DD0F17E5B4F94D" box="[143,243,1643,1667]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="9A86FEBAFFBABE1171AB0F16E41DF94C" box="[249,346,1642,1666]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162">MZUSP</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="AC31CE04FFBABE1170320F17E487F94C" box="[352,448,1642,1666]" collectionCode="PL" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" type="Museum">PL 1002</specimenCode>
, the largest specimen when alive, measured up to
<quantity id="3B6FCB9AFFBABE1172B50F16E174F94C" box="[999,1075,1642,1666]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" unit="mm" value="45.0">45 mm</quantity>
in length and
<quantity id="3B6FCB9AFFBABE1170460FF6E410F96C" box="[276,343,1674,1698]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
in width. After fixation
<typeStatus id="232CD8DDFFBABE11732A0FF7E79CF96D" box="[632,731,1675,1699]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
measured
<quantity id="3B6FCB9AFFBABE1172090FF6E6ECF96C" box="[859,939,1674,1698]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="1162" unit="mm" value="44.0">44 mm</quantity>
in length and
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<caption id="A8E836F7FFBDBE16718709D5E48EFF12" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163" startId="12.[213,268,169,191]">
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBDBE16718709D5E48EFF12" blockId="12.[213,1170,169,220]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">
Table 3.
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFBDBE16706309D5E74FFF71" authority="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich, 2012" authorityName="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich" authorityYear="2012" box="[305,520,169,191]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="banga" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBDBE16706309D5E74FFF71" box="[305,520,169,191]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">Choeradoplana banga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5D00716FFBDBE16735C09D6E71CFF71" box="[526,603,170,191]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
– body measurements of fixed specimens (in mm and % of body measurements).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBDBE167187087CE17EFDF4" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">
<table id="8E9794DFFFBD41E57187087CE1C3FDF4" box="[213,1156,256,570]" gridcols="4" gridrows="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">
<tr id="42A7643DFFBD41E57187087CE1C3FED8" box="[213,1156,256,278]" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">
<th id="01760D41FFBD41E57187087CE4F6FED8" box="[213,433,256,278]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">Specimen</th>
<th id="01760D41FFBD41E570A0087CE715FED8" box="[498,594,256,278]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">Holotype</th>
<th id="01760D41FFBD41E573D6087CE618FED8" box="[644,863,256,278]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">Paratype MZUSP PL</th>
<th id="01760D41FFBD41E572FB087CE1C3FED8" box="[937,1156,256,278]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">Paratype MZUSP PL</th>
</tr>
<tr id="42A7643DFFBD41E571870861E1C3FEFD" box="[213,1156,285,307]" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1">
<td id="01760D41FFBD41E573D60861E618FEFD" box="[644,863,285,307]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">1001</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBD41E572FB0861E1C3FEFD" box="[937,1156,285,307]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">1002</td>
</tr>
<tr id="42A7643DFFBD41E571870824E1C3FEA0" box="[213,1156,344,366]" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">
<th id="01760D41FFBD41E571870824E4F6FEA0" box="[213,433,344,366]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">Length</th>
<td id="01760D41FFBD41E570A00824E715FEA0" box="[498,594,344,366]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">36</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBD41E573D60824E618FEA0" box="[644,863,344,366]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">?</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBD41E572FB0824E1C3FEA0" box="[937,1156,344,366]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">44</td>
</tr>
<tr id="42A7643DFFBD41E571870809E1C3FE45" box="[213,1156,373,395]" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">
<th id="01760D41FFBD41E571870809E4F6FE45" box="[213,433,373,395]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">Width</th>
<td id="01760D41FFBD41E570A00809E715FE45" box="[498,594,373,395]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">3</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBD41E573D60809E618FE45" box="[644,863,373,395]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">3.5</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBD41E572FB0809E1C3FE45" box="[937,1156,373,395]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="42A7643DFFBD41E5718708EEE1C3FE66" box="[213,1156,402,424]" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">
<th id="01760D41FFBD41E5718708EEE4F6FE66" box="[213,433,402,424]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">Mouth to anterior tip</th>
<td id="01760D41FFBD41E570A008EEE715FE66" box="[498,594,402,424]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">20</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBD41E573D608EEE618FE66" box="[644,863,402,424]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">?</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBD41E572FB08EEE1C3FE66" box="[937,1156,402,424]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">28</td>
</tr>
<tr id="42A7643DFFBD41E5718708D3E1C3FE0B" box="[213,1156,431,453]" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">
<th id="01760D41FFBD41E5718708D3E4F6FE0B" box="[213,433,431,453]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">Relative M: L</th>
<td id="01760D41FFBD41E570A008D3E715FE0B" box="[498,594,431,453]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">57.1 %</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBD41E573D608D3E618FE0B" box="[644,863,431,453]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">?</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBD41E572FB08D3E1C3FE0B" box="[937,1156,431,453]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">63.6 %</td>
</tr>
<tr id="42A7643DFFBD41E5718708B1E1C3FE2D" box="[213,1156,461,483]" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">
<th id="01760D41FFBD41E5718708B1E4F6FE2D" box="[213,433,461,483]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">Gonopore to anterior</th>
<td id="01760D41FFBD41E570A008B1E715FE2D" box="[498,594,461,483]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">28.5</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBD41E573D608B1E618FE2D" box="[644,863,461,483]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">?</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBD41E572FB08B1E1C3FE2D" box="[937,1156,461,483]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">33</td>
</tr>
<tr id="42A7643DFFBD41E571870896E1C3FDCE" box="[213,1156,490,512]" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
<th id="01760D41FFBD41E571870896E4F6FDCE" box="[213,433,490,512]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">tip</th>
</tr>
<tr id="42A7643DFFBD41E571870B7BE1C3FDD3" box="[213,1156,519,541]" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">
<th id="01760D41FFBD41E571870B7BE4F6FDD3" box="[213,433,519,541]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">Relative G: L</th>
<td id="01760D41FFBD41E570A00B7BE715FDD3" box="[498,594,519,541]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">81.5 %</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBD41E573D60B7BE618FDD3" box="[644,863,519,541]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">?</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBD41E572FB0B7BE1C3FDD3" box="[937,1156,519,541]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">75.0 %</td>
</tr>
<tr id="42A7643DFFBD41E571870B58E1C3FDF4" box="[213,1156,548,570]" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="01760D41FFBD41E571870B58E4F6FDF4" box="[213,433,548,570]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">Creeping sole: width</th>
<td id="01760D41FFBD41E570A00B58E715FDF4" box="[498,594,548,570]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">81.2 %</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBD41E572FB0B58E1C3FDF4" box="[937,1156,548,570]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">78.6 %</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBDBE1671870B26E7E7FDBE" blockId="12.[213,672,602,624]" box="[213,672,602,624]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">G, gonopore; L, length; M, mouth; W, width.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBDBE1671810BD9E1D3FC53" blockId="12.[211,1172,677,1690]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">
<quantity id="3B6FCB9AFFBDBE1671810BD9E45FFD73" box="[211,280,677,701]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
in width (
<tableCitation id="B11553C4FFBDBE1670C50BD9E4B7FD73" box="[407,496,677,701]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="12.[213,268,169,191]" captionText="Table 3. Choeradoplana banga sp. nov. – body measurements of fixed specimens (in mm and % of body measurements)." pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">Table 3</tableCitation>
). Body elongated, with anterior end slightly dilated, provided with the two glandular cushions ventrally separated by a longitudinal groove, diagnostic of the genus (
<figureCitation id="64AC7AFAFFBDBE1670A20B99E711FD33" box="[496,598,741,765]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="13.[143,210,1116,1138]" captionTargetBox="[143,1103,167,1083]" captionTargetId="figure-6@13.[143,1103,167,1083]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 9. Choeradoplana banga sp. nov. Holotype initiating movement. About 30 mm in length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5199905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5199905/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">Figure 9</figureCitation>
). As characteristic for the genus, live worms held the anterior extremity dorso-posteriorly rolled. Posterior end pointed. Dorsum highly convex in cross-section; body margins rounded; ventral side slightly convex. Dorsal background colour pale ochre, with numerous small irregular dark brown spots, most confluent, creating a network design. Body margins slightly ferruginous; ventral side pale yellowish. Mouth
<quantity id="3B6FCB9AFFBDBE1670810AF9E758FC52" box="[467,543,901,925]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
and gonopore at
<quantity id="3B6FCB9AFFBDBE1673B10AF9E602FC52" box="[739,837,901,925]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163" unit="mm" value="28.5">28.5 mm</quantity>
from anterior end (
<typeStatus id="232CD8DDFFBDBE16754D0AF9E1CFFC53" box="[1055,1160,901,925]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBDBE1671AC0AD9E6BAFBD2" blockId="12.[211,1172,677,1690]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">
Eyes formed by one pigmented cup
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBDBE1673E50ADAE784FC73" box="[695,707,934,957]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">c</emphasis>
.55 µm in diameter, absent in the first
<quantity id="3B6FCB9AFFBDBE1671810AB8E47FFC12" box="[211,312,964,988]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
. From this point on, distributed marginally in an irregular row of two or three eyes, up to posterior end of body. Sensory pits 35 µm deep, located ventro-marginally, from
<quantity id="3B6FCB9AFFBDBE1670430D78E416FBD2" box="[273,337,1028,1052]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
to
<quantity id="3B6FCB9AFFBDBE1670270D78E48EFBD2" box="[373,457,1028,1052]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163" unit="mm" value="8.2">8.2 mm</quantity>
behind anterior end (
<typeStatus id="232CD8DDFFBDBE1673EF0D78E666FBD2" box="[701,801,1028,1052]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
MZUSP PL 1001).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBDBE1671AC0D58E753FB52" blockId="12.[211,1172,677,1690]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">Epidermis ciliated only over creeping sole. Rhabditogen cells open onto whole cephalic surface, more densely through epithelium of glandular cushions. Cellular bodies of cephalic cushion erythrophil glands located between longitudinal cutaneous muscle layer and epithelium.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBDBE1671AC0DDFE417FB35" blockId="12.[211,1172,677,1690]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">
At anterior end,
<quantity id="3B6FCB9AFFBDBE1670960DDFE75BFB75" box="[452,540,1187,1211]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
behind apex, ventral nerve plate (100 µm thick) gives rise to an ill-defined cerebral ganglion (approximately 200 µm thick and
<quantity id="3B6FCB9AFFBDBE1675420DBFE116FB15" box="[1040,1105,1219,1243]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
long) (
<typeStatus id="232CD8DDFFBDBE1671890D9FE403FB35" box="[219,324,1251,1275]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBDBE1671AC0C7FE408FA34" blockId="12.[211,1172,677,1690]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">
Cutaneous musculature comprising three typical layers of
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFBDBE1672F70C7FE171FAD5" authorityName="Stimpson" authorityYear="1857" box="[933,1078,1283,1307]" family="Geoplanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="1155" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Geoplaninae">Geoplaninae</taxonomicName>
species, namely, a subepithelial more external layer of circular fibres, and then a double layer of diagonal decussated fibres, and then one of longitudinal fibres, arranged into dense bundles (
<figureCitation id="64AC7AFAFFBDBE16706B0C1FE4EEFAB5" box="[313,425,1379,1403]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="14.[211,278,710,732]" captionTargetBox="[214,1170,172,674]" captionTargetId="figure-5@14.[211,1171,168,678]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 10. Choeradoplana banga sp. nov. Holotype. Diagrammatic transverse section of prepharyngeal region. Scale bar 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5199907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5199907/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">Figure 10</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="B11553C4FFBDBE1670E70C1FE74DFAB5" box="[437,522,1379,1403]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="14.[213,268,1171,1193]" captionText="Table 4. Choeradoplana banga sp. nov. – thickness (in µm) of cutaneous muscle layers in the pre-pharyngeal region." pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">Table 4</tableCitation>
). Ventrally, layer of longitudinal fibres partially sunk into the parenchyma and with its fibres seemingly not joined into bundles. CMI 29.5%. In cephalic region sunken cutaneous longitudinal muscle fibres gather medianly forming retractor, unroller of whole extremity, as described by
<bibRefCitation id="98061B8EFFBDBE1672FF0CBEE12EFA14" author="Froehlich CG" box="[941,1129,1474,1498]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163" pagination="195 - 279" refId="ref8390" refString="Froehlich CG. 1955. Sobre morfologia e taxonomia das Geoplanidae. Bol Fac Filos Cienc Let Univ Sao Paulo, Ser Zool. 19: 195 - 279." type="journal article" year="1955">Froehlich (1955)</bibRefCitation>
for
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFBDBE1671810C9FE400FA35" authorityName="Graff" authorityYear="1899" box="[211,327,1507,1531]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="iheringi">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBDBE1671810C9FE400FA35" box="[211,327,1507,1531]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">C. iheringi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBDBE1671AC0F7EE159F954" blockId="12.[211,1172,677,1690]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">
Three parenchymal muscle layers: a dorsal weak layer of diagonal, decussated fibres (30–35 µm thick,
<typeStatus id="232CD8DDFFBDBE16708E0F5EE703F9F4" box="[476,580,1570,1594]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
), located immediately under the dorsal subcutaneous nerve net, and two transverse layers, one supraintestinal (80–105 µm thick) and other subintestinal (75 µm thick) (
<figureCitation id="64AC7AFAFFBDBE1673410F1EE7C3F9B4" box="[531,644,1634,1658]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="14.[211,278,710,732]" captionTargetBox="[214,1170,172,674]" captionTargetId="figure-5@14.[211,1171,168,678]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 10. Choeradoplana banga sp. nov. Holotype. Diagrammatic transverse section of prepharyngeal region. Scale bar 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5199907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5199907/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1163">Figure 10</figureCitation>
). In cephalic region there is an additional layer (20 µm thick) of transverse muscle fibres, located under ventral nerve plate.
</paragraph>
<caption id="A8E836F7FFBCBE1771DD0D20E117FBBC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5199905" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5199905" box="[143,1104,1116,1138]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5199905/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="1164" startId="13.[143,210,1116,1138]" targetBox="[143,1103,167,1083]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBCBE1771DD0D20E117FBBC" blockId="13.[143,1104,1116,1138]" box="[143,1104,1116,1138]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1164">
Figure 9.
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFBCBE1771A40D20E48AFBBC" authority="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich, 2012" authorityName="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich" authorityYear="2012" box="[246,461,1116,1138]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="banga" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBCBE1771A40D20E48AFBBC" box="[246,461,1116,1138]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1164">Choeradoplana banga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5D00716FFBCBE1770800D20E759FBBF" box="[466,542,1116,1137]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1164" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Holotype initiating movement. About 30 mm in length.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBCBE1771E80DDFE117FAB5" blockId="13.[143,1104,1187,1690]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1164">
Mouth in middle of pharyngeal pouch (
<figureCitation id="64AC7AFAFFBCBE1773DE0DDFE7B9FB75" box="[652,766,1187,1211]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="15.[143,210,825,847]" captionTargetBox="[147,1100,170,790]" captionTargetId="figure-6@15.[143,1103,169,792]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 11. Choeradoplana banga sp. nov. Holotype. Diagrammatic represention of the pharynx from sagittal sections. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5199909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5199909/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="1164">Figure 11</figureCitation>
),
<quantity id="3B6FCB9AFFBCBE1772450DDFE620FB75" box="[791,871,1187,1211]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="1164" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
from anterior body end (
<typeStatus id="232CD8DDFFBCBE1771990DBFE473FB15" box="[203,308,1219,1243]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1164" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
). Pharyngeal pouch lined with non-ciliated, cubic-to-flat epithelium, underlain by a one-fibre thick layer of circular muscle fibres. Pharynx bell-shaped, tending to collar-shape. Outer pharyngeal epithelium flat, ciliated, underlain by onefibre thick longitudinal muscle layer, then by a layer of circular fibres (15 µm thick) with interspersed longitudinal fibres. Inner pharyngeal epithelium cuboidal, ciliated, underlain by a circular muscle layer (50 µm thick) with interspersed longitudinal fibres.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBCBE1471E80CF8E1CAFCB8" blockId="13.[143,1104,1187,1690]" lastBlockId="14.[211,1172,830,1110]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="1165" pageId="13" pageNumber="1164">
Testes located between supraintestinal muscle layer and intestine. Distributed on each side of the body in a single-to-triple row from ovarian level (
<quantity id="3B6FCB9AFFBCBE1772A00CDFE117FA74" box="[1010,1104,1443,1467]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="13" pageNumber="1164" unit="mm" value="6.6">6.6 mm</quantity>
from anterior end) to dorsal pharyngeal insertion, at
<quantity id="3B6FCB9AFFBCBE17724B0CBEE62AFA14" box="[793,877,1474,1498]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="13" pageNumber="1164" unit="mm" value="23.0">23 mm</quantity>
from anterior end (
<typeStatus id="232CD8DDFFBCBE1771C50C9EE447FA34" box="[151,256,1506,1530]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1164" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
). Anteriormost testes
<quantity id="3B6FCB9AFFBCBE1773500C9EE71CFA34" box="[514,603,1506,1530]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="1164" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
behind cerebral ganglia. Sperm ducts running immediately above subintestinal muscle layer, dorsal to ovovitelline ducts. Close to copulatory apparatus they curve anterodorsally and medianly, before penetrating the penial bulb to open at each side of proximal tubular portion of prostatic vesicle (
<figureCitation id="64AC7AFAFFBCBE1771C50F1EE47DF9B4" box="[151,314,1634,1658]" captionStart-0="Figure 12" captionStart-1="Figure 13" captionStart-2="Figure 14" captionStart-3="Figure 15" captionStartId-0="15.[143,210,1333,1355]" captionStartId-1="16.[211,278,769,791]" captionStartId-2="16.[211,278,1248,1270]" captionStartId-3="17.[143,210,556,578]" captionTargetBox-0="[148,1103,933,1297]" captionTargetBox-1="[211,1169,170,728]" captionTargetBox-2="[214,1168,874,1211]" captionTargetBox-3="[144,1100,172,521]" captionTargetId-0="figure-26@15.[143,1103,931,1300]" captionTargetId-1="figure-5@16.[211,1171,168,736]" captionTargetId-2="figure-33@16.[211,1171,866,1215]" captionTargetId-3="figure-6@17.[143,1103,168,522]" captionTargetPageId-0="15" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionTargetPageId-2="16" captionTargetPageId-3="17" captionText-0="Figure 12. Choeradoplana banga sp. nov. Holotype. Diagrammatic representation of the copulatory apparatus from sagittal sections. Only one-side half of the prostatic vesicle represented. Scale bar 1 mm." captionText-1="Figure 13. Choeradoplana banga sp. nov. Holotype. Micrograph of a sagittal section of the massive sphincter ventral to the male and female atria. Scale bar 0.5 mm." captionText-2="Figure 14. Choeradoplana banga sp. nov. Paratype MZUSP PL 1001. Diagrammatic representation of the copulatory apparatus from sagittal sections. Only one-side half represented. Scale bar 1 mm." captionText-3="Figure 15. Choeradoplana banga sp. nov. Paratype MZUSP PL 1001. Micrograph of a sagittal section of the copulatory apparatus. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5199911" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5199913" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5199915" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5199917" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5199911/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5199913/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5199915/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5199917/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="1164">Figures 12–15</figureCitation>
). Distally, vesicle widens acquiring an irregular shape and very folded walls. It communicates amply with male cavity, without an ejaculatory duct. Entally, male atrium is spacious with several small folds, especially from dorsal wall; ectally, mainly because of a bulky fold from the ventral wall, it becomes a long narrow canal.
</paragraph>
<caption id="A8E836F7FFBFBE1471810BBAE709FD37" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5199907" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5199907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5199907/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165" startId="14.[211,278,710,732]" targetBox="[214,1170,172,674]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBFBE1471810BBAE709FD37" blockId="14.[211,1172,710,762]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">
Figure 10.
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFBFBE1470180BBBE763FD13" authority="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich, 2012" authorityName="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich" authorityYear="2012" box="[330,548,711,733]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="banga" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBFBE1470180BBBE763FD13" box="[330,548,711,733]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">Choeradoplana banga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5D00716FFBFBE14737F0BBBE73BFD12" box="[557,636,711,732]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Holotype. Diagrammatic transverse section of prepharyngeal region. Scale bar 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBFBE1471AC0A02E779FBD8" blockId="14.[211,1172,830,1110]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">
Epithelium of tubular portion of prostatic vesicle columnar, ciliated, crossed by cell glands with fine erythrophil granules; dilated portion lined with columnar, irregularly ciliated epithelium. Pierced by cell glands containing gross erythrophil granules, and underlain by a 15-µm-thick circular muscle layer. In
<typeStatus id="232CD8DDFFBFBE1472040AA2E6FCFC38" box="[854,955,990,1014]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, tubular portion of prostatic vesicle contains sperm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBFBE1571AC0D62E5BBF994" blockId="14.[211,1172,830,1110]" lastBlockId="15.[143,1104,1474,1690]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="1166" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">
<materialsCitation id="4CFF6C22FFBFBE1571AC0D62E5B0F994" collectionCode="MZUSP" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="1166" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165" specimenCode="PL 1001" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
Male atrium clothed proximally with a columnar epithelium that becomes cubic distally; irregularly ciliated all along. It is crossed by secretory cells of
<specimenCount id="EA91ADF6FFBFBE14754C0D42E1C8FB98" box="[1054,1167,1086,1110]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165" type="generic">two types</specimenCount>
, containing erythrophil and cyanophil granular secretions, respectively. Its muscularis is an 8-µm-thick layer of circular fibres. Between common muscular coat and muscularis is a dense mass of muscle fibres without clear orientation. In
<typeStatus id="232CD8DDFFBEBE1572D60F7FE6A0F9D5" box="[900,999,1539,1563]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1166" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="9A86FEBAFFBEBE1572BD0F7EE117F9D4" box="[1007,1104,1538,1562]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="15" pageNumber="1166">MZUSP</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="AC31CE04FFBEBE1571DD0F5FE5A8F9F4" box="[143,239,1570,1594]" collectionCode="PL" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" pageId="15" pageNumber="1166" type="Museum">PL 1001</specimenCode>
, male atrial cavity is partially filled by an ejaculate with sperm and erythrophil secretion
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="A8E836F7FFBFBE1471870DEFE4FAFB08" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165" startId="14.[213,268,1171,1193]">
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBFBE1471870DEFE4FAFB08" blockId="14.[213,1170,1171,1222]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">
Table 4.
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFBFBE1470600DEFE74BFB67" authority="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich, 2012" authorityName="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich" authorityYear="2012" box="[306,524,1171,1193]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="banga" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBFBE1470600DEFE74BFB67" box="[306,524,1171,1193]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">Choeradoplana banga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5D00716FFBFBE1473460DE8E725FB67" box="[532,610,1172,1193]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
– thickness (in µm) of cutaneous muscle layers in the pre-pharyngeal region.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBFBE1471870D96E131F98C" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">
<table id="8E9794DFFFBF41E571870D96E1D5F98C" box="[213,1170,1258,1602]" gridcols="2" gridrows="11" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">
<tr id="42A7643DFFBF41E571870D96E1D5FACE" box="[213,1170,1258,1280]" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">
<th id="01760D41FFBF41E571870D96E4B3FACE" box="[213,500,1258,1280]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">Specimen</th>
<th id="01760D41FFBF41E5754E0D96E1D5FACE" box="[1052,1170,1258,1280]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">Holotype</th>
</tr>
<tr id="42A7643DFFBF41E571870C59E1D5FAF5" box="[213,1170,1317,1339]" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">
<td id="01760D41FFBF41E571870C59E4B3FAF5" box="[213,500,1317,1339]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">Dorsal circular</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBF41E5754E0C59E1D5FAF5" box="[1052,1170,1317,1339]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">10 (1–2)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="42A7643DFFBF41E571870C3EE1D5FA96" box="[213,1170,1346,1368]" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">
<td id="01760D41FFBF41E571870C3EE4B3FA96" box="[213,500,1346,1368]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">Dorsal diagonal</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBF41E5754E0C3EE1D5FA96" box="[1052,1170,1346,1368]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">40 (1–4)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="42A7643DFFBF41E571870C23E1D5FABB" box="[213,1170,1375,1397]" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">
<td id="01760D41FFBF41E571870C23E4B3FABB" box="[213,500,1375,1397]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">Dorsal longitudinal</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBF41E5754E0C23E1D5FABB" box="[1052,1170,1375,1397]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">110 (50–75)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="42A7643DFFBF41E571870C00E1D5FA5C" box="[213,1170,1404,1426]" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">
<td id="01760D41FFBF41E571870C00E4B3FA5C" box="[213,500,1404,1426]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">Dorsal total</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBF41E5754E0C00E1D5FA5C" box="[1052,1170,1404,1426]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">160</td>
</tr>
<tr id="42A7643DFFBF41E571870CE5E1D5FA61" box="[213,1170,1433,1455]" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">
<td id="01760D41FFBF41E571870CE5E4B3FA61" box="[213,500,1433,1455]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">Sunken ventral longitudinal</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBF41E5754E0CE5E1D5FA61" box="[1052,1170,1433,1455]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">110 (1–8)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="42A7643DFFBF41E571870CCBE1D5FA03" box="[213,1170,1463,1485]" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">
<td id="01760D41FFBF41E571870CCBE4B3FA03" box="[213,500,1463,1485]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">Normal ventral longitudinal</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBF41E5754E0CCBE1D5FA03" box="[1052,1170,1463,1485]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">25 (1–3)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="42A7643DFFBF41E571870CA8E1D5FA24" box="[213,1170,1492,1514]" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">
<td id="01760D41FFBF41E571870CA8E4B3FA24" box="[213,500,1492,1514]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">Ventral diagonal</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBF41E5754E0CA8E1D5FA24" box="[1052,1170,1492,1514]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">15 (1–3)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="42A7643DFFBF41E571870C8DE1D5F9C9" box="[213,1170,1521,1543]" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">
<td id="01760D41FFBF41E571870C8DE4B3F9C9" box="[213,500,1521,1543]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">Ventral circular</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBF41E5754E0C8DE1D5F9C9" box="[1052,1170,1521,1543]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">5 (1–2)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="42A7643DFFBF41E571870F72E1D5F9EA" box="[213,1170,1550,1572]" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">
<td id="01760D41FFBF41E571870F72E4B3F9EA" box="[213,500,1550,1572]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">Ventral total</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBF41E5754E0F72E1D5F9EA" box="[1052,1170,1550,1572]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">150</td>
</tr>
<tr id="42A7643DFFBF41E571870F50E1D5F98C" box="[213,1170,1580,1602]" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">
<td id="01760D41FFBF41E571870F50E4B3F98C" box="[213,500,1580,1602]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">CMI</td>
<td id="01760D41FFBF41E5754E0F50E1D5F98C" box="[1052,1170,1580,1602]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">29.5%</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<tableNote id="017167F1FFBFBE1471870F1EE133F95B" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165" targetBox="[213,1170,1258,1602]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBFBE1471870F1EE6BCF9B9" blockId="14.[213,1140,1633,1685]" box="[213,1019,1633,1655]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">Lowest and highest number of muscle fibres per bundle are given in parenthesis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBFBE1471870F03E133F95B" blockId="14.[213,1140,1633,1685]" box="[213,1140,1663,1685]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1165">CMI, cutaneous musculature thickness relative to body height at the pre-pharyngeal region.</paragraph>
</tableNote>
<caption id="A8E836F7FFBEBE1571DD0A45E752FCA2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5199909" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5199909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5199909/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="1166" startId="15.[143,210,825,847]" targetBox="[147,1100,170,790]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBEBE1571DD0A45E752FCA2" blockId="15.[143,1104,825,876]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1166">
Figure 11.
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFBEBE1570510A45E49DFC81" authority="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich, 2012" authorityName="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich" authorityYear="2012" box="[259,474,825,847]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="15" pageNumber="1166" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="banga" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBEBE1570510A45E49DFC81" box="[259,474,825,847]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1166">Choeradoplana banga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5D00716FFBEBE1570B20A46E76AFC81" box="[480,557,826,847]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1166" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Holotype. Diagrammatic represention of the pharynx from sagittal sections. Scale bar 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="A8E836F7FFBEBE1571DD0C49E474FA4B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5199911" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5199911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5199911/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="1166" startId="15.[143,210,1333,1355]" targetBox="[148,1103,933,1297]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBEBE1571DD0C49E474FA4B" blockId="15.[143,1104,1333,1413]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1166">
Figure 12.
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFBEBE1570510C49E49BFA85" authority="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich, 2012" authorityName="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich" authorityYear="2012" box="[259,476,1333,1355]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="15" pageNumber="1166" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="banga" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFBEBE1570510C49E49BFA85" box="[259,476,1333,1355]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1166">Choeradoplana banga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5D00716FFBEBE1570B00C4AE777FA85" box="[482,560,1334,1355]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1166" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Holotype. Diagrammatic representation of the copulatory apparatus from sagittal sections. Only one-side half of the prostatic vesicle represented. Scale bar 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFBEBE0A71E80F1EE67DF9D4" blockId="15.[143,1104,1474,1690]" lastBlockId="16.[211,1171,1379,1690]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="1167" pageId="15" pageNumber="1166">
Ovaries globular, approximately 320 µm in diameter, located
<quantity id="3B6FCB9AFFBEBE1572380F1EE6F8F9B4" box="[874,959,1634,1658]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="1166" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
behind cerebral ganglia, immediately above ventral nerve plate (
<typeStatus id="232CD8DDFFBEBE1573800FFEE67CF954" box="[722,827,1666,1690]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1166" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
). Ovovitelline ducts arise from external side of ovaries, and run backwards between muscle fibres of subintestinal transverse muscle layer. They proceed inclined medianly and slightly to the dorsum passing female atrium. Behind female atrium at half the height of dorsum, they curve upwards, and unite with short common glandular ovovitelline duct. The latter joins the vagina, a posteriorly directed tubular diverticle of female atrium. Female atrium is a narrow cavity, as long as one-quarter of male atrium.
</paragraph>
<caption id="A8E836F7FFA1BE0A71810A7DE6F1FCFA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5199913" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5199913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5199913/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1167" startId="16.[211,278,769,791]" targetBox="[211,1169,170,728]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFA1BE0A71810A7DE6F1FCFA" blockId="16.[211,1172,769,820]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1167">
Figure 13.
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFA1BE0A70190A7DE761FCD9" authority="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich, 2012" authorityName="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich" authorityYear="2012" box="[331,550,769,791]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="16" pageNumber="1167" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="banga" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFA1BE0A70190A7DE761FCD9" box="[331,550,769,791]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1167">Choeradoplana banga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5D00716FFA1BE0A73620A7EE7C7FCD9" box="[560,640,770,791]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1167" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Holotype. Micrograph of a sagittal section of the massive sphincter ventral to the male and female atria. Scale bar 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="A8E836F7FFA1BE0A71810D9CE47BFAFE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5199915" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5199915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5199915/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1167" startId="16.[211,278,1248,1270]" targetBox="[214,1168,874,1211]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFA1BE0A71810D9CE47BFAFE" blockId="16.[211,1172,1248,1328]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1167">
Figure 14.
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFA1BE0A701A0D9CE767FB38" authority="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich, 2012" authorityName="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich" authorityYear="2012" box="[328,544,1248,1270]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="16" pageNumber="1167" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="banga" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFA1BE0A701A0D9CE767FB38" box="[328,544,1248,1270]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1167">Choeradoplana banga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5D00716FFA1BE0A73750D9DE732FB38" box="[551,629,1249,1270]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1167" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Paratype MZUSP PL 1001. Diagrammatic representation of the copulatory apparatus from sagittal sections. Only one-side half represented. Scale bar 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFA1BE0A71AC0F5EE450F954" blockId="16.[211,1171,1379,1690]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1167">
Female atrium and vagina, both lined with columnar non-ciliated epithelium, crossed by
<specimenCount id="EA91ADF6FFA1BE0A701F0F3FE4FFF995" box="[333,440,1603,1627]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1167" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
of glands, respectively, erythrophil and cyanophil. Female atrium with 6-µm-thick coat of interwoven muscle fibres; vagina with thin coat of circular fibres.
</paragraph>
<caption id="A8E836F7FFA0BE0B71DD0B50E7E3FD91" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5199917" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5199917" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5199917/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168" startId="17.[143,210,556,578]" targetBox="[144,1100,172,521]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFA0BE0B71DD0B50E7E3FD91" blockId="17.[143,1103,556,607]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168">
Figure 15.
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFA0BE0B70510B50E49BFD8C" authority="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich, 2012" authorityName="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich" authorityYear="2012" box="[259,476,556,578]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="banga" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFA0BE0B70510B50E49BFD8C" box="[259,476,556,578]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168">Choeradoplana banga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5D00716FFA0BE0B70B10B50E777FD8F" box="[483,560,556,577]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Paratype MZUSP PL 1001. Micrograph of a sagittal section of the copulatory apparatus. Scale bar 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFA0BE0B71E80BD1E63DFCEB" blockId="17.[143,1103,685,869]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168">Ventrally, in the wall of male and female atrium adjacent to gonopore canal, is an extraordinarily massive muscular sphincter, 500 µm thick, composed of circular fibres interspersed with very scarce longitudinal fibres. Gonopore canal lined with columnar, ciliated epithelium underlain by 20-µm-thick circular musculature.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFA0BE0B71E80A51E7ECFCAB" blockId="17.[143,1103,685,869]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168">Common muscular coat consists of a dense layer, 80–120 µm thick, of interwoven fibres embracing the whole copulatory complex.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFA0BE0B71DD0AEAE443FC63" blockId="17.[143,260,918,941]" box="[143,260,918,941]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFA0BE0B71DD0AEAE443FC63" box="[143,260,918,941]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168">Discussion</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFA0BE0B71DD0AB8E768FB52" blockId="17.[143,1104,964,1658]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168">
Externally,
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFA0BE0B70420AB9E435FC13" authorityName="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich" authorityYear="2012" box="[272,370,965,989]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="banga">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFA0BE0B70420AB9E435FC13" box="[272,370,965,989]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168">C. banga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is hardly distinguishable from
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFA0BE0B73820AB9E603FC13" authorityName="Graff" authorityYear="1899" box="[720,836,965,989]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="iheringi">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFA0BE0B73820AB9E603FC13" box="[720,836,965,989]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168">C. iheringi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, to such an extent that, convinced that we were dealing with a
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFA0BE0B736E0A99E7E8FC33" authorityName="Graff" authorityYear="1899" box="[572,687,997,1021]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="iheringi">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFA0BE0B736E0A99E7E8FC33" box="[572,687,997,1021]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168">C. iheringi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimen, we removed and degraded a piece of the
<typeStatus id="232CD8DDFFA0BE0B70670D79E4DFFBD3" box="[309,408,1029,1053]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
MZUSP PL1001 for DNA extraction without having previously measured the worm’s length. Specimens of
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFA0BE0B739D0D58E601FBF2" authorityName="Graff" authorityYear="1899" box="[719,838,1060,1084]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="iheringi">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFA0BE0B739D0D58E601FBF2" box="[719,838,1060,1084]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168">C. iheringi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been collected in Teresópolis, RJ (
<bibRefCitation id="98061B8EFFA0BE0B701E0D38E499FB92" author="Riester A" box="[332,478,1092,1116]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168" pagination="1 - 88" refId="ref8579" refString="Riester A. 1938. Beitrage zur Geoplaniden-Fauna Brasiliens. Abhandl senkenberg naturf Ges. 441: 1 - 88." type="journal article" year="1938">Riester 1938</bibRefCitation>
), Ribeirão Pires, SP (
<bibRefCitation id="98061B8EFFA0BE0B739D0D38E623FB92" author="Marcus E" box="[719,868,1092,1116]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168" pagination="5 - 215" refId="ref8508" refString="Marcus E. 1951. Turbellaria brasileiros (9). Bol Fac Filos Cienc Let Univ Sao Paulo, Ser Zool. 16: 5 - 215." type="journal article" year="1951">Marcus 1951</bibRefCitation>
) and Salesópolis, SP (
<bibRefCitation id="98061B8EFFA0BE0B71C50D18E4B2FBB2" author="Leal-Zanchet AM &amp; Souza SA de" box="[151,501,1124,1148]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168" pagination="523 - 530" refId="ref8473" refString="Leal-Zanchet AM, Souza SA de. 2003. Redescricao de Choeradoplana iheringi Graff (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Terricola). Rev Bras Zool. 20 (3): 523 - 530." type="journal article" year="2003">Leal-Zanchet and Souza 2003</bibRefCitation>
). Ribeirão Pires is the closest to the type locality of
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFA0BE0B71DD0DF8E5B6FB52" authorityName="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich" authorityYear="2012" box="[143,241,1156,1180]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="banga">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFA0BE0B71DD0DF8E5B6FB52" box="[143,241,1156,1180]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168">C. banga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, approximately
<quantity id="3B6FCB9AFFA0BE0B70F40DF8E4AAFB52" box="[422,493,1156,1180]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168" unit="km" value="40.0">40 km</quantity>
away.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC28667FFFA0BE0B71E80DDFE462F9B4" blockId="17.[143,1104,964,1658]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168">
Regarding the anatomy, the copulatory complex of
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFA0BE0B73A90DD8E61BFB72" authorityName="Carbayo &amp; Froehlich" authorityYear="2012" box="[763,860,1188,1212]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="banga">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFA0BE0B73A90DD8E61BFB72" box="[763,860,1188,1212]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168">C. banga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses two important peculiarities. One is the female genital canal (vagina plus common glandular ovovitelline duct) flexing downwards to receive both ovovitelline ducts that finish their ascending path behind the copulatory complex, before attaining the dorsum. This is a unique arrangement of the female genital ducts (female genital canal plus ovovitelline ducts) previously not described in
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFA0BE0B735E0C3FE7FCFA95" box="[524,699,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168">
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFA0BE0B735E0C3FE7F0FA95" authorityName="von Graff" authorityYear="1896" box="[524,695,1347,1371]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">Choeradoplana</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
All the previously described species,
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFA0BE0B71DD0C1FE441FAB5" authorityName="Graff" authorityYear="1899" box="[143,262,1379,1403]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="iheringi">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFA0BE0B71DD0C1FE441FAB5" box="[143,262,1379,1403]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168">C. iheringi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
included, as remarked by
<bibRefCitation id="98061B8EFFA0BE0B73680C1FE6C8FAB5" author="Ogren RE &amp; Kawakatsu M" box="[570,911,1379,1403]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168" pagination="79 - 166" refId="ref8537" refString="Ogren RE, Kawakatsu M. 1990. Index to the species of the family Geoplanidae (Turbellaria, Tricladida, Terricola) Part I: Geoplaninae. Bull Fuji Women's College. Ser II. 28: 79 - 166." type="journal article" year="1990">Ogren and Kawakatsu (1990)</bibRefCitation>
, have the female genital canal dorsally or dorso-anteriorly flexed, and the ovovitelline ducts ascending, up to the dorsum, laterally to the female atrium, and approaching anteriorly to the female canal. The other outstanding peculiarity is the presence of the massive sphincter ventrally to male and female atria, a feature that is not only unique for a
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFA0BE0B71DD0F7EE4CAF9D4" box="[143,397,1538,1562]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFA0BE0B71DD0F7EE471F9D4" box="[143,310,1538,1562]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168">Choeradoplana</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
, but also unique among known
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFA0BE0B73AC0F7EE6C8F9D4" authorityName="Stimpson" authorityYear="1857" box="[766,911,1538,1562]" family="Geoplanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="17" pageNumber="1155" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Geoplaninae">Geoplaninae</taxonomicName>
species. The two peculiarities of the genital anatomy reinforces
<bibRefCitation id="98061B8EFFA0BE0B73F50F5EE632F9F4" author="Froehlich CG" box="[679,885,1570,1594]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168" pagination="195 - 279" refId="ref8390" refString="Froehlich CG. 1955. Sobre morfologia e taxonomia das Geoplanidae. Bol Fac Filos Cienc Let Univ Sao Paulo, Ser Zool. 19: 195 - 279." type="journal article" year="1955">Froehlich’s (1955)</bibRefCitation>
statement that the copulatory apparatus of
<taxonomicName id="3B971DFCFFA0BE0B70FB0F3EE717F994" authorityName="von Graff" authorityYear="1896" box="[425,592,1602,1626]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Choeradoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CEE3BA6DFFA0BE0B70FB0F3EE717F994" box="[425,592,1602,1626]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168">Choeradoplana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is of a simple
<typeStatus id="232CD8DDFFA0BE0B73AA0F3FE66DF995" box="[760,810,1603,1627]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1168">type</typeStatus>
, but shows high variation in the details.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue Copy permalink