treatments-xml/data/8E/EE/46/8EEE46E3A2BF892BD5847F12AF0FA64A.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6ea34267-96fa-4df6-a700-49c1b357afba" ID-PMC="PMC6277488" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-112-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B" ID-PubMed="30524186" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1911101" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1314-2003-112-1" ModsDocOrigin="PhytoKeys 112" ModsDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species" checkinTime="1555330596787" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pirie, Michael D., Chatrou, Lars W. &amp; Maas, Paul J. M." docDate="2018" docId="8EEE46E3A2BF892BD5847F12AF0FA64A" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 112: 1-141" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 112" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897" docTitle="Cremastosperma pedunculatum R. E. Fr." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species" masterLastPageNumber="141" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668139101010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Pirie, Michael D.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Chatrou, Lars W.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Maas, Paul J. M.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>112</mods:number>
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>141</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-112-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="156201248" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8EEE46E3A2BF892BD5847F12AF0FA64A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8EEE46E3A2BF892BD5847F12AF0FA64A" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
28. 
<taxonomicName LSID="C3519021-90B9-581F-B51C-6290DC17D5B8" authority="(Diels) R. E. Fr." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma pedunculatum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculatum">Cremastosperma pedunculatum (Diels) R.E.Fr.</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F44" captionText="Figure 38. Cremastosperma pedunculatum (Diels) R. E. Fr. a flowering twig b receptacle, illustrating insertion of carpels c carpel with single apical / lateral ovule (a-c Weberbauer 4558, reproduced from Fries (1930)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245350" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Map 7" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Map 7. Distribution of Cremastosperma megalophyllum R. E. Fr.; C. microcarpum R. E. Fr.; C. pedunculatum (Diels) R. E. Fr.; and C. peruvianum R. E. Fr." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.map7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245326" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, Map 7</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma pedunculatum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculatum">Cremastosperma pedunculatum</taxonomicName>
(Diels) R.E.Fr., Acta Horti Bergiani 10: 48. 1930.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Aberemoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aberemoa pedunculata" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculata">Aberemoa pedunculata</taxonomicName>
Diels, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 409. 1906.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
PERU, San 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
: Moyobamba, 1100-1200 m a.s.l., 1906, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Weberbauer, A. 4558</emphasis>
(holotype: B! [B 10 0242366]; isotypes: F, G! [G00237252], S! [S-R-7025]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tree</emphasis>
4-15 m tall, 8-15 cm diam.; young twigs and petioles glabrous. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
: petioles 4-15 by 1-3 mm; lamina elliptic to obovate or narrowly so, 12-27 by 4-10 cm (index 2-3.6), chartaceous, (dark) greyish-brown above, blackish-brown with darker veins below, glabrous above, glabrous to sparsely covered with appressed golden hairs to 0.6 mm long, particularly on veins below, base acute to rounded, decurrent, apex acuminate (acumen 5-20 mm long), primary vein 1.5-2.5 mm wide at widest point, secondary veins 7-13, intersecondary veins often 1-3, distance between from 5 mm at the base to 15-20 mm closer to the apex, angles with primary vein inconsistent, 40-60° at the base and closer to the apex, not branching, forming distinct loops, smallest distance between loops and margin 1-4 mm, tertiary veins more or less percurrent. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescence</emphasis>
of single flowers clustered in groups of up to 2, on leafy or leafless twigs or main trunk; peduncles 2-10 by ca. 1 mm (in flower), 5-15 by ca. 1.5 mm (in fruit), sparsely to rather densely covered with appressed golden or whitish hairs 0.1-0.4 mm long; pedicels (30 
<normalizedToken originalValue="–)35–75(–">-)35-75(-</normalizedToken>
95) by ca. 1 mm at the base, to 3 mm at the apex (in flower), (30 
<normalizedToken originalValue="–)55–85(–">-)55-85(-</normalizedToken>
110) by 1-1.5 mm at the base, to 3 mm at the apex (in fruit), sparsely to rather densely (at the base) covered with appressed golden or whitish hairs 0.1- 0.4 mm long or glabrous; 1-several lower bracts, elliptic, ca. 1.5 by 1 mm, acute, soon falling off, sparsely to rather densely covered with appressed golden or whitish hairs 0.1- 0.4 mm long; upper bract attached in variable position on pedicel, ovate to very broadly ovate, 1-2.5 by 1-2 mm, acute, obtuse or rounded, sparsely to rather densely covered with appressed golden or whitish hairs 0.1- 0.4 mm long or glabrous; closed flower buds very broadly ovoid to globose, opening loosely in development; flowers green, maturing to green-violet, yellow or pale cream-yellow, inner petals with purple base 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in vivo</emphasis>
, dark brown or reddish-brown 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in sicco</emphasis>
, sepals and petals glabrous; sepals free or connate for ca. 1 mm, broadly to very broadly ovate or broadly ovate-triangular, appressed, patent or recurved, 2.5-4 by 2.5-4 mm, obtuse, mostly persistent; outer petals elliptic to broadly elliptic, 11-17 by 7-13 mm, inner petals elliptic, obovate or narrowly so, 11-19 by 4-8 mm, obtuse or rounded, petals with prominent venation; androecium ca. 7 mm diam., stamens 1.3-1.8 mm long, connective appendage 0.5-0.8 mm wide; gynoecium ca. 1.5 mm diam., carpels 2-2.2 mm long. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Monocarps</emphasis>
3-27, ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, asymmetrical, 12-17 by 10-12 mm, green (immature) 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in vivo</emphasis>
, black, dark brown or reddish-brown 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in sicco</emphasis>
, with an excentric apicule; stipes 11-21 by 1.5-2 mm; fruiting receptacle 4-10 mm diam.; monocarps, stipes and receptacle glabrous. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Seeds</emphasis>
ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, reddish-brown, pitted, ca. 10 by 7 mm, raphe sunken, regular.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Ecuador (Zamora-Chinchipe), Peru (San 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
, Cajamarca). Two collections of less certain affinity have been made further north in Ecuador (Pastaza, Morona-Santiago) and one in Colombia (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caquetá">Caqueta</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Premontane and montane primary and secondary forest, sometimes inundated, mainly on soils with calcareous bedrock. At elevations of 850-1800 m (except the single specimen collected in Pastaza (Ecuador) at 360 m). Flowering: July, October-December; fruiting February, July, October and December.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The pedicels of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma pedunculatum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma pedunculatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are unusually long in the genus, similar to those of 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. bullatum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="bullatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. bullatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(distinguished by the bullate appearance of the leaves and dense, long, indument on most parts) and only exceeded by 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. longipes" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="longipes">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. longipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(from the western side of the Andes and with larger leaves) and 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. dolichopodum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="dolichopodum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. dolichopodum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(from further south in Peru). 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma pedunculatum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma pedunculatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is otherwise similar to 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. alticola" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alticola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. alticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which also occurs at higher elevations in northern Peru and Ecuador (albeit much less frequently collected), differing from 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. alticola" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alticola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. alticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of indument on the (longer) pedicels, lack of branching inflorescences and stipes as long as or longer than monocarps.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The holotype of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. F. Macbride" authorityYear="1929" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Guatteria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Guatteria socialis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="socialis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Guatteria socialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
J.F.Macbr., 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. Schunke 395</emphasis>
, was determined by 
<bibRefCitation author="Diels, L" journalOrPublisher="Berlin-Dahlem" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="73 - 86" refId="B16" refString="Diels, L, 1931. Annonaceae novae. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 73 - 86" title="Annonaceae novae. Notizbl. Bot. Gart." volume="11" year="1931">Diels (1931)</bibRefCitation>
as 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pedunculatum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pedunculatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. pedunculatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
although he deliberately omitted placing 
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. socialis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="socialis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. socialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in synonymy under 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pedunculatum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pedunculatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. pedunculatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, citing differences in the reported growth form. The type is reported by the collector to be a liana. This has not been recorded for any other collections of 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pedunculatum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pedunculatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. pedunculatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(although it is reported for the type specimen of 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. oblongum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="oblongum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. oblongum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). In addition, the collection was made in the central Peruvian department of Junin, much further south than the known distribution of 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pedunculatum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pedunculatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. pedunculatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(in northern Peru and Ecuador). A photo of the holotype (not the specimen itself) was made available to the authors. The collection appears to be of a 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(the leaves with a raised primary vein), but includes only immature buds. Although Maas et al. (Maas, Mennega &amp; Westra 1994; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3767/000651915X690341" author="Maas, PJM" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 219" refId="B45" refString="Maas, PJM, Westra, LYT, Guerrero, SA, Lobao, AQ, Scharf, U, Zamora, NA, Erkens, RHJ, 2015. Confronting a morphological nightmare: Revision of the Neotropical genus Guatteria (Annonaceae). Blumea 60 (1): 1 - 219, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651915X690341" title="Confronting a morphological nightmare: Revision of the Neotropical genus Guatteria (Annonaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3767/000651915X690341" volume="60" year="2015">Maas et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
) have listed 
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. socialis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="socialis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. socialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a taxonomic synonym of 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pedunculatum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pedunculatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. pedunculatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, we consider the available evidence insufficient to assign this specimen to a particular species in 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma pedunculatum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma pedunculatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs over a relatively wide area including within protected areas in Ecuador. Least concern [LC] (Table 
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Summary of IUCN preliminary conservation status per species including calculations using ConR (Dauby et al. 2017). The total number of collections is shown, including the number georeferenced (thus included in the calculations using ConR). &quot; Unique occurrences &quot; represent those with differing coordinates, whereby for poorly collected species, numbers of collections that could not be precisely georeferenced but nevertheless represent additional occurrences are indicated; &quot; locations &quot; refers to the IUCN definition as &quot; a geographically or ecologically distinct area in which a single threat can rapidly affect all individuals of the taxon present &quot;; and &quot; subpopulations &quot; are &quot; geographically or otherwise distinct groups in the population between which there is little demographic or genetic exchange (IUCN 2012). EOO = extent of occurrence, whereby the criteria contributing to endangered status are CR &lt;100 km 2, EN &lt;5,000 km 2 and VU &lt;20,000 km 2; AOO = area of occupancy, whereby the criteria are CR &lt;10 km 2, EN &lt;500 km 2 and VU &lt;2,000 km 2. We estimated EOO and AOO using ConR, also indicating for (potentially) threatened species where the values would be higher taking non-georeferenced specimens into account. Known occurrences (or not) in protected areas (national parks or reserves with protected status according to the IUCN; https: // protectedplanet. net / accessed 04.09.2018) are documented and an overall threat category with IUCN code is presented which takes into account each of these factors (as discussed individually in each species treatment)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/45F44CBB3BA4F892B1D1B4BC42D3B1F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="45F44CBB3BA4F892B1D1B4BC42D3B1F1">1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
COLOMBIA. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caquetá">Caqueta</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Florencia, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="1.6">1°36'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-75.61667">75°37'W</geoCoordinate>
, 1400-1440 m a.s.l., 10 Nov 1993, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
J.G. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ramírez">Ramirez</normalizedToken>
et al. 4881
</emphasis>
(MO). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">ECUADOR. Morona-Santiago</emphasis>
: Cordillera de Huaracayo, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Coangos, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="44" value="-3.2622223">3°15'44&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="01" value="-78.20027">78°12'01&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 1380 m a.s.l., 25 Mar 2001, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neill</emphasis>
&amp; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Manzanares 13201</emphasis>
(U); E of Macas, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-2.35">2°21'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.98333">77°59'W</geoCoordinate>
, 700-1400 m a.s.l., 24 Aug 1996, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stahl et al. 2931</emphasis>
(AAU). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pastaza</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Acaro, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-1.3833333">1°23'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.416664">77°25'W</geoCoordinate>
, 360 m a.s.l., 19 Jan 1998, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neill et al. 11065</emphasis>
(AAU, MO, QCNE, WAG). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Santiago-Zamora</emphasis>
: without precise locality, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-2.6666667">2°40'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.0">78°00'W</geoCoordinate>
, 450-550 m a.s.l., 17 Nov 1944, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Camp E 1311</emphasis>
(NY). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zamora-Chinchipe</emphasis>
: San Francisco Scientific Station, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-3.9666667">3°58'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.066666">79°04'W</geoCoordinate>
, 1900 m a.s.l., 21 Nov 1998, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. Cornejo</emphasis>
&amp; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bonifaz 6702</emphasis>
(AAU, U); Nangaritza, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-4.25">4°15'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.65">78°39'W</geoCoordinate>
, 1000 m a.s.l., 12 Mar 2017, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. Cornejo et al. 9000</emphasis>
(L); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Nangaritza, Shaimi, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-4.3166666">4°19'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.666664">78°40'W</geoCoordinate>
, 985 m a.s.l., 6 Nov 2004, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Homeier et al. 1489</emphasis>
(MO); Parque Nacional Podocarpus, Bombuscaro entrance, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-4.116667">4°07'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.96667">78°58'W</geoCoordinate>
, 1050 m a.s.l., 27 Jan 2009, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Homeier et al. 4173</emphasis>
(WAG); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Nangaritza, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-4.3333335">4°20'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.666664">78°40'W</geoCoordinate>
, 1000 m a.s.l., 7 Dec 1990, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neill 9589</emphasis>
(MO, QCNE, U); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Nangaritza, Miazi, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-4.266667">4°16'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.7">78°42'W</geoCoordinate>
, 930 m a.s.l., 26 Oct 1991, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Palacios et al. 8646</emphasis>
(COL, F, QCNE, U); Cordillera del 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Condór">Condor</normalizedToken>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="54" value="-4.2816668">4°16'54&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-78.6">78°36'00&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 900 m a.s.l., 27 Jul 2003, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quizhpe et al. 671</emphasis>
(MO, U); Parque Nacional Podocarpus, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="50" value="-4.663889">4°39'50&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-79.11667">79°07'00&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 1050-1250 m a.s.l., 12 Jul 1990, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rome et al. 1014</emphasis>
(MO, QCNE, U). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">PERU. Cajamarca</emphasis>
: San Ignacio, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="5" direction="south" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="-5.3083334">5°18'30&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-78.71667">78°43'00&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 1350 m a.s.l., 23 Jul 1997, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Campos et al. 4268</emphasis>
(USM); Distr. Huarango, Caserio Nuevo Mundo, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="5" direction="south" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-5.1666665">5°10'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.53333">78°32'W</geoCoordinate>
, 1500-1600 m a.s.l., 21 Jul 1997, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
E. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rodríguez">Rodriguez</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
&amp; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. Reyes 1758</emphasis>
(F, HUT, U). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
San 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Prov. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ríoja">Rioja</normalizedToken>
, Venceremos, Rioja-Pomacocha road, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="5" direction="south" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-5.75">5°45'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.666664">77°40'W</geoCoordinate>
, 1850 m a.s.l., 11 Feb 1984, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gentry et al. 45355</emphasis>
(MO); Prov. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ríoja">Rioja</normalizedToken>
, Pedro 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ruíz-Moyobamba">Ruiz-Moyobamba</normalizedToken>
road, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="5" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-5.8333335">5°50'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.75">77°45'W</geoCoordinate>
, 1770-2150 m a.s.l., 5 Aug 1983, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D.N. Smith</emphasis>
&amp; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. Vasquez 4611</emphasis>
(MO, U); Prov. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ríoja">Rioja</normalizedToken>
(locality unknown), 
<geoCoordinate degrees="6" direction="south" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-6.133333">6°08'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.3">77°18'W</geoCoordinate>
, 1500-1640 m a.s.l., 2 Jul 1998, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
I. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
et al. 9615
</emphasis>
(F).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1911325" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245350" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 38" startId="F44">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 38.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma pedunculatum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma pedunculatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Diels) R.E.Fr. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">a</emphasis>
flowering twig 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">b</emphasis>
receptacle, illustrating insertion of carpels 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">c</emphasis>
carpel with single apical/lateral ovule (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">a-c</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Weberbauer 4558</emphasis>
, reproduced from 
<bibRefCitation author="Fries, RE" journalOrPublisher="Acta Horti Bergiani" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 128" refId="B20" refString="Fries, RE, 1930. Revision der Arten einiger Anonaceen-Gattungen I. Acta Horti Bergiani 10: 1 - 128" title="Revision der Arten einiger Anonaceen-Gattungen I." volume="10" year="1930">Fries (1930)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>