200 lines
18 KiB
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200 lines
18 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397752" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397752" approvalRequired="3" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="3" checkinTime="1648655544658" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="4C3D87E8FFE26A5DFA9692811886B695" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Pipistrellus adamsi Kitchener, Caputi & B. Jones 1986" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="783" masterDocId="B004FF90FFFB6A44FFFC96591E00BB32" masterDocTitle="Vespertilionidae" masterLastPageNumber="981" masterPageNumber="716" pageNumber="783" updateTime="1658800978584" updateUser="jonas">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>716</mods:start>
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<mods:end>981</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397752</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6397752</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6578097" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628517" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6578097" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FFE26A5DFA9692811886B695" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FFE26A5DFA9692811886B695" lastPageNumber="783" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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<subSubSection box="[1386,1443,1240,1286]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[1384,2386,1240,1366]" box="[1386,1443,1240,1286]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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<heading box="[1386,1443,1240,1286]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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<figureCitation box="[1386,1443,1240,1286]" captionStart="Plate 56: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="13.[123,155,3277,3298]" captionTargetBox="[12,2758,16,3657]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="18. Common Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus pipistrellus), 19. Soprano Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus pygmaeus), 20. Crete Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus creticus), 21. Hanak’s Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus hanaki), 22. Nathusius’s Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus nathusii), 23. Madeira Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus maderensis), 24. Kuhl’s Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus kuhlii), 25. Dusky Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus hesperidus), 26. Rusty Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus rusticus), 27. Tiny Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus nanulus), 28. Aellen’s Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus inexspectatus), 29. Mount GarguesPipistrelle (Pipustrellus aero), 30. Dar-es-Salaam Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus permixtus), 31. Racey’s Pipistrelle (Puipustrellus raceyi), 32. Dhofar Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus dhofarensis), 33. Japanese Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus abramus), 34. Endo’s Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus endoi), 35. Sturdee’s Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus sturdeei), 36. Javan Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus javanicus), 37. Indian Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus coromandra), 38. Kelaart’s Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus ceylonicus), 39. Least Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus tenuis), 40. Mount Popa Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus paterculus), 41. Narrow-winged Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus stenopterus), 42. Minahassa Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus minahassae), 43. Greater Papuan Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus collinus), 44. Lesser Papuan Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus papuanus), 45. New Guinea Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus angulatus), 46. Watts’s Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus wattsi), 47. Northern Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus westralis), 48. Forest Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus adamsi)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398502/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">48.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1460,1807,1240,1286]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[1384,2386,1240,1366]" box="[1460,1807,1240,1286]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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<heading box="[1460,1807,1240,1286]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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<vernacularName box="[1460,1807,1240,1286]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Forest Pipistrelle</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1875,2216,1240,1286]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[1384,2386,1240,1366]" box="[1875,2216,1240,1286]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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<heading box="[1875,2216,1240,1286]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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<taxonomicName authority="Kitchener, Caputi & B. Jones, 1986" authorityName="Kitchener, Caputi & B. Jones" authorityYear="1986" box="[1875,2216,1240,1286]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adamsi">
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<emphasis box="[1875,2216,1240,1286]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Pipistrellus adamsi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="783" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[1384,2386,1240,1366]" box="[1385,2385,1304,1325]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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<heading box="[1385,2385,1304,1325]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1385,1461,1304,1325]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1471,1663,1304,1325]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Pipistrelle d'Adams</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1683,1774,1304,1325]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1783,2065,1304,1325]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Cape-York-Zwergfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2086,2178,1304,1325]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[2188,2385,1304,1325]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Pipistrela de Adams</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="25.[1384,2386,1240,1366]" box="[1385,2045,1343,1364]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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<heading box="[1385,2045,1343,1364]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1385,1632,1343,1364]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1640,1831,1343,1364]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Adams's Pipistrelle</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName box="[1844,2045,1343,1364]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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<collectingRegion box="[1844,1894,1343,1364]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Cape</collectingRegion>
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<collectingRegion box="[1899,1941,1343,1364]" country="United Kingdom" name="York" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">York</collectingRegion>
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Pipistrelle
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</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="783" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[1995,2592,1410,1838]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1997,2150,1410,1443]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Kitchener, Caputi & B. Jones, 1986</treatmentCitation>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="783" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[1995,2592,1410,1838]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319528" latitude="-13.45" longitude="18.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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“
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<quantity box="[2091,2173,1450,1483]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="783" unit="km" value="40.0">40 km</quantity>
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E Archer River Crossing, Cape York,
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<collectingRegion box="[2091,2258,1493,1522]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Queensland</collectingRegion>
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(
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<geoCoordinate box="[2295,2400,1493,1522]" degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="783" precision="925" value="-13.45">13°27’S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[2433,2562,1493,1522]" degrees="143" direction="east" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="783" precision="55555" value="18.0">143°18°E</geoCoordinate>
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),”
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<collectingCountry box="[1996,2120,1529,1562]" name="Australia" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Australia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="783" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[1995,2592,1410,1838]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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Although similar to one another, P. adams: and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Koopman" authorityYear="1984" box="[2061,2200,1608,1641]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="westralis">P. westralis</taxonomicName>
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are considered distinct species based on morphological and genetic data. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="783" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397872" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6397872/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="783" targetBox="[1382,1974,1420,1835]" targetPageId="25">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[1995,2592,1410,1838]" lastBlockId="25.[1382,2590,1848,3495]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1997,2167,1730,1759]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Restricted to N
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<collectingCountry box="[2412,2535,1730,1759]" name="Australia" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Australia</collectingCountry>
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, including Top End region (including Melville and Bathurst Is) in
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<collectingRegion box="[2267,2528,1805,1838]" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
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and Cape York (including Prince ofWales I) in
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<collectingRegion box="[1965,2132,1848,1877]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Queensland</collectingRegion>
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; there are several isolated records from E
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<collectingRegion box="[1488,1654,1884,1917]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Queensland</collectingRegion>
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on Atherton Tableland, at Cape Hillsborough, and near Blackwater.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="783" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[1382,2590,1848,3495]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1384,1634,1927,1956]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 35-44 mm, tail 26-35 mm, ear 8-5-12 mm, forearm 29-6-32-7 mm; weight 3-6-2 g. Like the Northern Pipistrelle (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Koopman" authorityYear="1984" box="[2273,2420,1963,1996]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="westralis">P. westralis</taxonomicName>
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), the Forest Pipistrelle is very small and one of the smallest bats in
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<collectingCountry box="[2166,2290,2002,2035]" name="Australia" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Australia</collectingCountry>
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. Dorsal pelage varies from dark brown to grayish brown or rusty red; ventral pelage is considerably lighter but generally matches dorsum. Face, ears, forearms, and wings vary between light brown and dark blackish. Ears are broadly rounded at tips and subtriangular in shape; tragus is c.50% the height of ear and has larger basal lobe and more convex posterior edge than the Northern Pipistrelle. Uropatagium stretches nearly to end oftail (only extreme tip is free), and postcalcarial lobe is semicircular. Glans penis has slightly flared head, with small ventral flaps against shaft; there is a relatively long fleshy lobe projecting from ventral tip. Baculum is long (but shorter than in the Northern Pipistrelle), with narrow base, and is curved, with deeply bifurcated tip (for 30% ofits length rather than 10% in the Northern Pipistrelle). Skull is small and gracile but larger in all dimensions than that of the Northern Pipistrelle, although skull is rather similar to that species in most other aspects; posterior palate is narrower; skull is less inflated overall, with less concave interparietal region; C' is significantly larger in size; and lower molars are nyctalodont.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="783" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[1382,2590,1848,3495]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1384,1493,2555,2588]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Monsoonal forests,
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<taxonomicName box="[1771,1898,2555,2588]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Melaleuca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="25" pageNumber="783" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Melaleuca</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName box="[1917,2060,2555,2588]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="25" pageNumber="783" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Myrtaceae</taxonomicName>
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) forests, rainforests surrounded by eucalypt forest, open woodlands, and near creek and river systems in savanna woodlands.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="783" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[1382,2590,1848,3495]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1384,1645,2634,2667]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Forest Pipistrelles might forage by fly-catching and probably gleaning off of vegetation based on its dietary components. Diet is composed of insects (e.g. beetles, moths, leathoppers, bugs,flies, flying ants, cockroaches, and mosquitoes) and spiders.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="783" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[1382,2590,1848,3495]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1384,1519,2791,2824]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Pregnant Forest Pipistrelles have been recorded from early September to late October, indicating births occur in October-November. Lactating and post-lactating females have been captured in early December and late February, with adult-sized volant young. Females give birth to one young and might breed more than once a year.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="783" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[1382,2590,1848,3495]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1382,1608,2949,2982]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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The Forest Pipistrelle is nocturnal. Unlike many other vespertilionids,it does not seem to be very active until later in the night. In the Top End region of northern
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<collectingCountry box="[1383,1503,3028,3061]" name="Australia" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Australia</collectingCountry>
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, activity begins around midnight, with peak 7-8 hours after sunset and smaller amounts of activity closer to sunset. On Cape York, it appears to become active around dusk as in other vespertilionids. Forest Pipistrelles presumably roost in hollow trees, but there are reports of them roosting in rock shelters. Search-call shape is FM/QCEF, with characteristic frequency recorded averaging 43-9 kHz (42-5-45-3 kHz) in the Top End region.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection box="[1384,2324,3226,3259]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783" type="biology_ecology">
|
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<paragraph blockId="25.[1382,2590,1848,3495]" box="[1384,2324,3226,3259]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1384,2085,3226,3259]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
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|
No information.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
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|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="783" type="conservation">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph blockId="25.[1382,2590,1848,3495]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1384,1732,3265,3298]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Forest Pipistrelle has a relatively wide distribution and seems to be relatively common. It faces no major threats, but habitat loss might become a future threat.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="783" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph blockId="25.[1382,2590,1848,3495]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1385,1537,3392,3417]" pageId="25" pageNumber="783">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Adams et al. (1987), Churchill (2008), Hill & Harrison (1987), Hoye & Milne (2008), Kitchener et al. (1986), Koopman (1984b), Lumsden, Woinarski & Milne (2008), Milne (2002), Milne, Burwell & Pavey (2016), Milne, Fisher et al. (2005).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|