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292 lines
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bb9fed3d-8c07-41d8-947a-06926ac852a5" ID-PMC="PMC8093188" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1034-165" ID-Pensoft-UUID="B10A957A0D455B8F81DAD0409B37F8F5" ID-PubMed="33958929" ID-ZooBank="B93166004BE645879BB124B575FD405B" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1034-165" checkinTime="1619530782287" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tong, Yanfeng, Sun, Xiaochen, Li, Shuqiang & Bian, Dongju" docDate="2021" docId="FE012097094E5941AAFDFD48C31894FC" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1034: 165-197" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1034" docPubDate="2021-04-26" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388" docTitle="Ischnothyreus cristiformis Tong & Li 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="F27DFEC6-EED4-4695-A551-1004663BED38" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="B10A957A0D455B8F81DAD0409B37F8F5" lastPageNumber="165" masterDocId="B10A957A0D455B8F81DAD0409B37F8F5" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic study of the genus Ischnothyreus (Araneae, Oonopidae) from Xishuangbanna Rainforest, southwestern China" masterLastPageNumber="197" masterPageNumber="165" pageNumber="165" updateTime="1668150208617" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomic study of the genus Ischnothyreus (Araneae, Oonopidae) from Xishuangbanna Rainforest, southwestern China</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tong, Yanfeng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4348-7029</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Life Science College, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sun, Xiaochen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Life Science College, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3290-5416</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">lisq@ioz.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bian, Dongju</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Shenyang 110016, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">biandongju@163.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-04-26</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1034</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>165</mods:start>
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<mods:end>197</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1034-165</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">B93166004BE645879BB124B575FD405B</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">B10A957A0D455B8F81DAD0409B37F8F5</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="181652948" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F27DFEC6-EED4-4695-A551-1004663BED38" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FE012097094E5941AAFDFD48C31894FC" lastPageNumber="165" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/F27DFEC6-EED4-4695-A551-1004663BED38" authority="Tong & Li" authorityName="Tong & Li" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Ischnothyreus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ischnothyreus cristiformis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristiformis" status="sp. nov.">Ischnothyreus cristiformis Tong & Li</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="165">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Ischnothyreus cristiformis sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views D-G prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views H-J left chelicerae, anterior, posterior and lateral views. Abbreviation: stp = strong, tooth-like projection. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-G); 0.1 mm (H-J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535985" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Figures 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Ischnothyreus cristiformis sp. nov., male holotype, left palp, SEM A-C prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views D, E palpal bulb, prolateral and retrolateral views F-H distal part of palpal bulb, dorsal, prolateral and retrolateral views. Abbreviations: llm = lamella-like membrane; rl = retrolateral lobe; rol = round lobe; tsm = thread-shaped membrane; vpr = ventral protuberance." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535986" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">, 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Ischnothyreus cristiformis sp. nov., female paratype A-C habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views D-G prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views H epigastric region, ventral view. Abbreviation: css = central strongly sclerotized structure; Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-G); 0.2 mm (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535987" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">, 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Ischnothyreus spp., left male palp A-C I. cristiformis sp. nov. D-F I. mangun sp. nov. G-I I. mengyang sp. nov. J-L I. qidaoban sp. nov. M-O I. qiuxing A, D, G, J, M prolateral view B, E, H, K, N dorsal view C, F, I, L, O retrolateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-F, M-O); 0.2 mm (G-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/536004" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">, 20A-C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Ischnothyreus spp., left male chelicerae A, B I. cristiformis sp. nov. C, D I. mangun sp. nov. E, F I. mengyang sp. nov. G, H I. qidaoban sp. nov. A, C, E, G anterior view B, D, F, H posterior view. Abbreviations: ccp = cockscomb-shaped process; hsp = helmet-shaped process; lsp = large, sclerotized process." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/536006" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">, 22A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Endogyne of Ischnothyreus spp., A, B I. cristiformis sp. nov. C, D I. mangun sp. nov. E, F I. mengyang sp. nov. G, H I. qidaoban sp. nov. I, J I. qiuxing A, C, E, G, I ventral view B, D, F, H, J dorsal view. Abbreviations: a = apodemes; bsa = bell-shaped atrium; cd = central oval depression; csa = circular atrium; nsa = nipple-shaped atrium; oa = opening of the atrium; rsa = rectangular-shaped atrium; wt = winding tube. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/536007" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">, 23A, B</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Holotype</emphasis>
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♂: China, Yunnan, Mengla County, Xiaolongha, Xishuangbanna Biodiversity Conservation Corridor, montane monsoon forest;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="24.161" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="21.402683">21°24.161'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="36.412" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.606865">101°36.412'E</geoCoordinate>
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; 791 m; 16.VI.2013; Q. Zhao and Z. Chen leg. (SYNU-379).
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Paratypes.</emphasis>
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1♀: same data as for holotype (SYNU-380); 3♂1♀: Xiaolongha, Xishuangbanna Biodiversity Conservation Corridor, Qidaoban, valley forest;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="24.808" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="21.413467">21°24.808'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="37.874" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.63123">101°37.874'E</geoCoordinate>
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; 711 m; 18.VI.2013; Q. Zhao and Z. Chen leg. (SYNU-381-384).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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The new species is similar to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. mangun" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" rank="species" species="mangun">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">I. mangun</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. xiaolongha" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" rank="species" species="xiaolongha">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">I. xiaolongha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. by the lamella-like membrane of the male palp and short dorsal abdominal scutum, but can be distinguished by the large cockscomb-shaped sclerotized process (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Ischnothyreus cristiformis sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views D-G prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views H-J left chelicerae, anterior, posterior and lateral views. Abbreviation: stp = strong, tooth-like projection. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-G); 0.1 mm (H-J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535985" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">1H-J</figureCitation>
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) of the male cheliceral fang (vs the unmodified cheliceral fang (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Ischnothyreus mangun sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views D-G prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views H, I left chelicerae, anterior and posterior views. Abbreviation: stp = strong, tooth-like projection. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-G); 0.1 mm (H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535988" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">4H, I</figureCitation>
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) in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. mangun" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" rank="species" species="mangun">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">I. mangun</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. and the tongue-shaped sclerotized process (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Ischnothyreus xiaolongha sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views D-G prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views H-J left chelicerae, anterior, posterior and lateral views. Abbreviation: stp = strong, tooth-like projection. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-G); 0.1 mm (H-J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/536001" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">17H-J</figureCitation>
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) in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. xiaolongha" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" rank="species" species="xiaolongha">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">I. xiaolongha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.), the broad rectangular-shaped retrolateral lobe of the bulb (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Ischnothyreus cristiformis sp. nov., male holotype, left palp, SEM A-C prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views D, E palpal bulb, prolateral and retrolateral views F-H distal part of palpal bulb, dorsal, prolateral and retrolateral views. Abbreviations: llm = lamella-like membrane; rl = retrolateral lobe; rol = round lobe; tsm = thread-shaped membrane; vpr = ventral protuberance." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535986" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">2F</figureCitation>
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) (vs the leaf-shaped lobe (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Ischnothyreus mangun sp. nov., male holotype, left palp, SEM A-C prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views D, E palpal bulb, prolateral and retrolateral views F-H distal part of palpal bulb, dorsal, prolateral and retrolateral views. Abbreviations: llm = lamella-like membrane; nsm = needle-shaped membrane; rl = retrolateral lobe; rol = round lobe; vpr = ventral protuberance." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535989" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">5F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Ischnothyreus xiaolongha sp. nov., male holotype, left palp, SEM A-C prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views D, E palpal bulb, prolateral and retrolateral views F-H distal part of palpal bulb, dorsal, prolateral and retrolateral views. Abbreviations: llm = lamella-like membrane; nsm = needle-shaped membrane; rl = retrolateral lobe; rol = round lobe; vpr = ventral protrusion." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/536002" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">18F</figureCitation>
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) in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. mangun" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" rank="species" species="mangun">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">I. mangun</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. xiaolongha" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" rank="species" species="xiaolongha">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">I. xiaolongha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.). The female differs from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. mangun" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" rank="species" species="mangun">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">I. mangun</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. xiaolongha" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" rank="species" species="xiaolongha">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">I. xiaolongha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. by the large bowl-shaped atrium (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Ischnothyreus cristiformis sp. nov., female paratype A-C habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views D-G prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views H epigastric region, ventral view. Abbreviation: css = central strongly sclerotized structure; Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-G); 0.2 mm (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535987" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">3H</figureCitation>
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) (vs small rectangular-shaped atrium (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Ischnothyreus mangun sp. nov., female paratype A-D prosoma, dorsal, lateral, anterior and ventral views E abdomen, dorsal view F epigastric region, ventral view. Abbreviation: css = central strongly sclerotized structure. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-E); 0.2 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535990" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">6F</figureCitation>
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) in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. mangun" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" rank="species" species="mangun">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">I. mangun</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. and small bell-shaped atrium (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Ischnothyreus xiaolongha sp. nov., female paratype A-C habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views D-G prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views H epigastric region, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/536003" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">19H</figureCitation>
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) in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="I. xiaolongha" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" rank="species" species="xiaolongha">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">I. xiaolongha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535985" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Figure 1.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tong & Li" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Ischnothyreus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ischnothyreus cristiformis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristiformis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Ischnothyreus cristiformis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
sp. nov., male holotype
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">A-C</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">D-G</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">H-J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
left chelicerae, anterior, posterior and lateral views. Abbreviation: stp = strong, tooth-like projection. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">A-G</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
); 0.1 mm (
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">H-J</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="description">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||
|
|
Male (holotype).
|
||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Body</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
: habitus as in Fig.
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Ischnothyreus cristiformis sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views D-G prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views H-J left chelicerae, anterior, posterior and lateral views. Abbreviation: stp = strong, tooth-like projection. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-G); 0.1 mm (H-J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535985" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">1A-C</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
; body length 1.64.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Carapace</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
: 0.88 long, 0.65 wide; yellow, with egg-shaped patches behind eyes, surface of elevated portion of pars cephalica smooth, sides finely reticulate, lateral margin straight, smooth (Fig.
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Ischnothyreus cristiformis sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views D-G prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views H-J left chelicerae, anterior, posterior and lateral views. Abbreviation: stp = strong, tooth-like projection. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-G); 0.1 mm (H-J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535985" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">1D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Clypeus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
: height about 2/3 of ALE diameter (Fig.
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Ischnothyreus cristiformis sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views D-G prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views H-J left chelicerae, anterior, posterior and lateral views. Abbreviation: stp = strong, tooth-like projection. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-G); 0.1 mm (H-J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535985" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">1G</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
: see Fig.
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Ischnothyreus cristiformis sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views D-G prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views H-J left chelicerae, anterior, posterior and lateral views. Abbreviation: stp = strong, tooth-like projection. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-G); 0.1 mm (H-J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535985" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">1D, G</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Sternum</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
: pale orange (Fig.
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Ischnothyreus cristiformis sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views D-G prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views H-J left chelicerae, anterior, posterior and lateral views. Abbreviation: stp = strong, tooth-like projection. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-G); 0.1 mm (H-J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535985" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">1F</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Mouthparts</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
: chelicerae, endites and labium orange; chelicerae straight, base of fangs with large cockscomb-shaped sclerotized process, fang groove with a few small denticles (Figs
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Ischnothyreus cristiformis sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views D-G prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views H-J left chelicerae, anterior, posterior and lateral views. Abbreviation: stp = strong, tooth-like projection. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-G); 0.1 mm (H-J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535985" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">1H-J</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Ischnothyreus spp., left male chelicerae A, B I. cristiformis sp. nov. C, D I. mangun sp. nov. E, F I. mengyang sp. nov. G, H I. qidaoban sp. nov. A, C, E, G anterior view B, D, F, H posterior view. Abbreviations: ccp = cockscomb-shaped process; hsp = helmet-shaped process; lsp = large, sclerotized process." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/536006" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">22A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
); anteromedian tip of endites with one strong, tooth-like projection (Fig.
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Ischnothyreus cristiformis sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views D-G prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views H-J left chelicerae, anterior, posterior and lateral views. Abbreviation: stp = strong, tooth-like projection. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-G); 0.1 mm (H-J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535985" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">1F</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
: 0.76 long, 0.44 wide; dorsal scutum well sclerotized, pale orange, covering 1/3 of the abdomen width and approximately 2/3 of the abdomen length, fused to epigastric scutum; epigastric and postgastric scute well sclerotized, pale orange, fused, postgastric scutum covering about 2/3 of the abdomen length (Fig.
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Ischnothyreus cristiformis sp. nov., male holotype A-C habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views D-G prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views H-J left chelicerae, anterior, posterior and lateral views. Abbreviation: stp = strong, tooth-like projection. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-G); 0.1 mm (H-J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535985" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">1A-C</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
: pale orange, femur I with 2 prolateral spines, tibia I with 4 pairs, metatarsus I with 2 pairs of long ventral spines. Leg II spination similar to leg I except femur with only 1 prolateral spine. Legs III and IV spineless.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Palp</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
: trochanter with ventral projection, cymbium brown; bulb with 2 ventral protuberances, one large and another very small, distal end of bulb elongated, with numerous lamella-like membranes, retrolateral lobe broad, rectangular-shaped (Figs
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Ischnothyreus cristiformis sp. nov., male holotype, left palp, SEM A-C prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views D, E palpal bulb, prolateral and retrolateral views F-H distal part of palpal bulb, dorsal, prolateral and retrolateral views. Abbreviations: llm = lamella-like membrane; rl = retrolateral lobe; rol = round lobe; tsm = thread-shaped membrane; vpr = ventral protuberance." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535986" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">2</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Ischnothyreus spp., left male palp A-C I. cristiformis sp. nov. D-F I. mangun sp. nov. G-I I. mengyang sp. nov. J-L I. qidaoban sp. nov. M-O I. qiuxing A, D, G, J, M prolateral view B, E, H, K, N dorsal view C, F, I, L, O retrolateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-F, M-O); 0.2 mm (G-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/536004" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">20A-C</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535986" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tong & Li" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Ischnothyreus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ischnothyreus cristiformis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristiformis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Ischnothyreus cristiformis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
sp. nov., male holotype, left palp, SEM
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">A-C</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">D, E</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
palpal bulb, prolateral and retrolateral views
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">F-H</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
distal part of palpal bulb, dorsal, prolateral and retrolateral views. Abbreviations: llm = lamella-like membrane; rl = retrolateral lobe; rol = round lobe; tsm = thread-shaped membrane; vpr = ventral protuberance.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Female (paratype, SYNU-380).</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Same as male except as noted.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Body</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
: habitus as in Fig.
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Ischnothyreus cristiformis sp. nov., female paratype A-C habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views D-G prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views H epigastric region, ventral view. Abbreviation: css = central strongly sclerotized structure; Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-G); 0.2 mm (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535987" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">3A-C</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
; body length 1.76.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Carapace</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
: 0.72 long, 0.67 wide.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Mouthparts</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
: chelicerae and endites unmodified.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
: 1.05 long, 0.67 wide; dorsal scutum covering 1/3 of the abdomen length, about 1/4 of the abdomen width.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Epigastric area</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
: postgastric scutum with strongly sclerotized structure in the middle (Fig.
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Ischnothyreus cristiformis sp. nov., female paratype A-C habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views D-G prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views H epigastric region, ventral view. Abbreviation: css = central strongly sclerotized structure; Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-G); 0.2 mm (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535987" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">3H</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Endogyne</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
: from the middle of the slightly thickened margin of the postgastric scutum runs a dark, simple winding tube, ending in a large bowl-shaped atrium (Fig.
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Endogyne of Ischnothyreus spp., A, B I. cristiformis sp. nov. C, D I. mangun sp. nov. E, F I. mengyang sp. nov. G, H I. qidaoban sp. nov. I, J I. qiuxing A, C, E, G, I ventral view B, D, F, H, J dorsal view. Abbreviations: a = apodemes; bsa = bell-shaped atrium; cd = central oval depression; csa = circular atrium; nsa = nipple-shaped atrium; oa = opening of the atrium; rsa = rectangular-shaped atrium; wt = winding tube. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/536007" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">23A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="etymology">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">The specific name is a Latin adjective and refers to the large cockscomb-shaped sclerotized process of the cheliceral fang.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="distribution">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Known only from the localities of the type series.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1034.63388.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/535987" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tong & Li" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Ischnothyreus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ischnothyreus cristiformis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristiformis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Ischnothyreus cristiformis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
sp. nov., female paratype
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">A-C</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">D-G</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">H</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
epigastric region, ventral view. Abbreviation: css = central strongly sclerotized structure; Scale bars: 0.4 mm (
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">A-G</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
); 0.2 mm (
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">H</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
</treatment>
|
||
|
|
</document>
|