treatments-xml/data/03/8B/6A/038B6A784519AE27FF45FF41FE798213.xml

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<mods:title id="20D735794BCCFC9862CCDE65471EA56D">The &quot; false Eucoila &quot; finally named; Striatovertex a new genus of Eucoilinae (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CC8B62DFB28A1B2FF209A707DBE46C23">Schick, Katherine N</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EB8F1CF35312CC53AAC2CB281A34D4F6">Forshage, Mattias</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6008CF0A3122E9C4BD97118B76772D7C">Nordlander, Göran</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="65D4D973C767E47D4591E924A9382F65">2011</mods:date>
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<treatment id="038B6A784519AE27FF45FF41FE798213" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6195235" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119395722" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6195235" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038B6A784519AE27FF45FF41FE798213" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038B6A784519AE27FF45FF41FE798213" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
<subSubSection id="C33888E54519AE23FF45FF41FE0B81F0" box="[151,441,221,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E4519AE23FF45FF41FE0B81F0" blockId="1.[151,441,221,247]" box="[151,441,221,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
<heading id="D0D56C024519AE23FF45FF41FE0B81F0" bold="true" box="[151,441,221,247]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B956077C4519AE23FF45FF41FE0B81F0" bold="true" box="[151,441,221,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED4519AE23FF45FF41FE9D81F0" box="[151,303,221,247]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B956077C4519AE23FF45FF41FE9D81F0" bold="true" box="[151,303,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Striatovertex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A265BA074519AE23FEE5FF41FE0B81F0" box="[311,441,221,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33888E54519AE23FF45FEB9FD3F803E" box="[151,653,291,314]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E4519AE23FF45FEB9FD3F803E" blockId="1.[151,653,291,314]" box="[151,653,291,314]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
<typeStatus id="549965CC4519AE23FF45FEB9FF7A803D" box="[151,200,293,314]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED4519AE23FEF4FEB8FD3F803E" authority="Kieffer, 1907" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1907" box="[294,653,291,314]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Psilodora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nudipennis">
<emphasis id="B956077C4519AE23FEF4FEB8FE4D803D" box="[294,511,292,314]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Psilodora nudipennis</emphasis>
Kieffer, 1907
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33888E54519AE23FF45FEFAFEE3820D" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E4519AE23FF45FEFAFEE3820D" blockId="1.[151,1436,358,778]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B956077C4519AE23FF45FEFAFEA38078" bold="true" box="[151,273,358,383]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Large black-reddish eucoilines with more or less hairless wings (fig. 1), lacking hair fringe and with membrane pubescence mostly reduced to punctiform hair bases (fig. 7). They are distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED4519AE23FB2FFE16FAD180A5" box="[1277,1379,394,418]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Eucoilini">Eucoilini</taxonomicName>
with strongly reduced wing pubescence (
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED4519AE23FDFFFE32FD3680C1" box="[557,644,430,454]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Eucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C4519AE23FDFFFE32FD3680C1" box="[557,644,430,454]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Eucoila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED4519AE23FD41FE32FC9580C1" box="[659,807,430,454]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Bothrochacis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C4519AE23FD41FE32FC9580C1" box="[659,807,430,454]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Bothrochacis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, some 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED4519AE23FCABFE32FBA980C1" box="[889,1051,430,454]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Trybliographa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C4519AE23FCABFE32FBA980C1" box="[889,1051,430,454]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Trybliographa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) by each of the following characters: posteroventral corner of metapleuron flat, rounded and pubescent (&quot;pvc&quot; in fig. 2, compare with the raised, oblique hairless corner in 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED4519AE23FE6AFE6AFDAD8309" box="[440,543,502,526]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Eucoilini">Eucoilini</taxonomicName>
in fig. 3), very narrow and shallow subalar pit (&quot;sap&quot; in fig. 2, compare with the deep round pit in 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED4519AE23FEB1FD86FE7B8335" box="[355,457,538,562]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Eucoilini">Eucoilini</taxonomicName>
in fig. 3), F1 (and not F2) of male antennae modified. From its close relatives 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED4519AE23FA86FD87FF548350" class="Insecta" genus="Odontosema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C4519AE23FA86FD87FF548350" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Odontosema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED4519AE23FEC9FDA2FECD8351" box="[283,383,574,598]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Epicoela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C4519AE23FEC9FDA2FECD8351" box="[283,383,574,598]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Epicoela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED4519AE23FE71FDA2FDA58351" box="[419,535,574,598]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ganaspini">Ganaspini</taxonomicName>
, and rather similar 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED4519AE23FD3EFDA2FCCA8351" box="[748,888,574,598]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Lopheucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C4519AE23FD3EFDA2FCCA8351" box="[748,888,574,598]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Lopheucoila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED4519AE23FC7FFDA3FBAC8351" box="[941,1054,575,598]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Dettmeria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C4519AE23FC7FFDA3FBAC8351" box="[941,1054,575,598]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Dettmeria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED4519AE23FB91FDA2FB778351" box="[1091,1221,574,598]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Zaeucoilini">Zaeucoilini</taxonomicName>
, they can be distinguished by the following combination: a high, emarginate, not remarkably broad pronotal plate (fig. 4), lack of keel on mesoscutum, posterior margin of scutellum rounded without projections (fig. 5), glandular pit of scutellar plate situated near hind margin (fig. 5). Other diagnostic features (none unique) include the striate (usually heavily striate) vertex (fig. 6), and the characteristic row of stout setae on subcosta (conspicuous as wing is usually otherwise hairless) (fig. 7).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF5D8BE64519AE23FF45F882FCFD8633" box="[151,847,1822,1845]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/206817/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" targetBox="[151,1436,834,1798]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E4519AE23FF45F882FCFD8633" blockId="1.[151,847,1822,1845]" box="[151,847,1822,1845]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B956077C4519AE23FF45F882FEA18634" bold="true" box="[151,275,1822,1845]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Habitus of a 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED4519AE23FE49F883FDAF8633" box="[411,541,1823,1844]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C4519AE23FE49F883FDAF8633" box="[411,541,1823,1844]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Striatovertex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. Stereo microscopy image.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C33888E54519AE21FF15F8FCFB63862F" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E4519AE23FF15F8FCFCAC869A" blockId="1.[151,1436,1888,2021]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B956077C4519AE23FF15F8FCFEEB867E" bold="true" box="[199,345,1888,1913]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Description.</emphasis>
Length 2.8– 
<quantity id="4CDA768B4519AE23FE3CF8FDFD86867E" box="[494,564,1889,1913]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
. Head and mesosoma black, red or reddish-brown, smooth and shiny, with more or less sparse setae; mesosoma shining black or red.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E4519AE20FF15F835FEC28038" blockId="1.[151,1436,1888,2021]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,319]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B956077C4519AE23FF15F835FEB686C6" box="[199,260,1961,1985]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Head</emphasis>
with slightly protruding compound eyes. Temples nearly as long as eyes. Occipital carina absent, this area and posterior area of vertex and temples diagonally striate. Frons, vertex, occiput bare and shiny. Ocellar plate raised above surface of frons by nearly diameter of large ocellus. Antennal sockets distinctly protruding in lateral view. Eye diameter approximately half length of face (from ocelli to mandibular bases). Face and genae with very few short scattered setae; postgenae with dense, woolly pubescence. Mandibles not densely hairy, with only about ten long setae visible on outside surface, with 2–3 teeth. Palpal formula 4-2. Apical segment of maxillary palpi weakly securiform.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5D8BE6451AAE20FF45F89DFF6E8631" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451AAE20FF45F89DFF6E8631" blockId="2.[151,1436,1793,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B956077C451AAE20FF45F89DFEA18610" bold="true" box="[151,275,1793,1816]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Mesosoma of a 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451AAE20FE6EF89FFD8C861F" box="[444,574,1795,1816]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451AAE20FE6EF89FFD8C861F" box="[444,574,1795,1816]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Striatovertex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp, lateral view; pvc = posteroventral corner of metapleuron, sap = subalar pit. SEM image.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5D8BE6451AAE20FF45F8A3FCEC86B6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/206818/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" targetBox="[156,1436,361,1782]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451AAE20FF45F8A3FCEC86B6" blockId="2.[151,1436,1793,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B956077C451AAE20FF45F8A3FEA08653" bold="true" box="[151,274,1855,1878]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Mesosoma of a typical representative of 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451AAE20FD63F8A3FCA28652" box="[689,784,1855,1877]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Eucoilini">Eucoilini</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451AAE20FCC8F8A3FBC38652" authority="Westwood" authorityName="Westwood" box="[794,1137,1855,1877]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Trybliographa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rapae">
<emphasis id="B956077C451AAE20FCC8F8A3FC5F8652" box="[794,1005,1855,1877]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Trybliographa rapae</emphasis>
(Westwood)
</taxonomicName>
, lateral view, for comparison; pvc = posteroventral corner of metapleuron, sap = subalar pit. SEM image. 
<emphasis id="B956077C451AAE20FF45F8E0FEA08696" bold="true" box="[151,274,1916,1939]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Pronotal plate of a 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451AAE20FE0BF8E1FDE88695" box="[473,602,1917,1938]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451AAE20FE0BF8E1FDE88695" box="[473,602,1917,1938]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Striatovertex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp, anterior view. SEM image. 
<emphasis id="B956077C451AAE20FF45F806FEA086B7" bold="true" box="[151,274,1946,1969]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Scutellum of a 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451AAE20FE61F800FD8686B6" box="[435,564,1948,1969]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451AAE20FE61F800FD8686B6" box="[435,564,1948,1969]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Striatovertex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp, dorsal view. SEM image.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5D8BE6451AAE20FF45F825FCE486D7" box="[151,854,1977,2000]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451AAE20FF45F825FCE486D7" blockId="2.[151,1436,1793,2031]" box="[151,854,1977,2000]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B956077C451AAE20FF45F825FEA086C8" bold="true" box="[151,274,1977,2000]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
Vertex of a 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451AAE20FE5CF826FDA386D7" box="[398,529,1978,2000]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Striatovertex</taxonomicName>
sp, posterior view. SEM image.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5D8BE6451AAE20FF45F844FD6386E9" box="[151,721,2008,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451AAE20FF45F844FD6386E9" blockId="2.[151,1436,1793,2031]" box="[151,721,2008,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B956077C451AAE20FF45F844FEA186E9" bold="true" box="[151,275,2008,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
Fore wing of a 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451AAE20FE66F844FD8486E9" box="[436,566,2008,2030]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Striatovertex</taxonomicName>
sp. LM image.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451BAE21FF15FF04FDF3808F" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B956077C451BAE21FF15FF04FE8381B7" box="[199,305,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Antennae</emphasis>
in female 13-segmented, no longer than head plus mesosoma. First flagellar articles (F1-F3) narrow and decreasing in length distally; F4-F11 moniliform with apical article longer and slightly wider than preceding ones; F4 and F5 (plus F6 and F 
<quantity id="4CDA768B451BAE21FE27FF7CFDAD81F0" box="[501,543,223,247]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" unit="in" value="7.0">7 in</quantity>
some species) with few scattered rhinaria (multiporous plate sensillae), F6-F11 (or F8-F11) with rhinaria throughout visible surface. Entire antennae with whorls of stout setae, each seta nearly length of club article diameter. Male antennae 15-segmented, length about 25% longer than body length. Antennae slender; F1 slightly curved, F2 longer than F1, both shorter than remaining subequal articles. Each rhinarium extending 25–30% length of segment.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451BAE21FF15FE09FBEB849B" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B956077C451BAE21FF15FE09FE8D80AB" box="[199,319,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Mesosoma</emphasis>
smooth and glossy, high; length only about 15% longer than height. Pronotal plate with lateral cavities open, dorsal margin raised above level of mesoscutum and broadly emarginate, nearly bilobed. Ridges extending from sides of posterior part of pronotal plate very short and not visible across anterior dorsal corner of lateral part of pronotum. Pronotum with area of woolly pubescence inside upper half of its ventral border and beneath pronotal plate, few longer setae scattered across lateral parts. Mesoscutum weakly arched, highest area of curve rising not more than 1/8 length of mesoscutum. Depressions inside posterior lateral margins dorsally broad grooves just above area of tegulae. Mesoscutum generally smooth and shiny with few scattered hairs. Scutal sulcus weakly arched between protruding corners of axillae. Lateral bars of scutellum long, striate laterally and smooth dorsally. Scutellum distinctly margined laterally with perpendicular ridges; posterior part extending back beyond metanotum; ridged margin angled obliquely backwards; row of long stout setae just inside posterior margin of scutellum, Dorsal surface of scutellum with a row a stout setae inside lateral margin, sculpture reticulate with depressions largest near margin, decreasing in size towards center, turning into punctures on the lateral parts of the scutellar plate. Scutellar plate varying in shape from narrow teardrop-shaped oval to nearly round, arched in lateral view, surface smooth and concave; glandular pit in posterior part of varying shape, lateral rows of setae very short, visible only in median part, with 2–3 pairs of setae. Scutellar foveae generally round, smooth and glossy. Mesopleuron high, glossy with few scattered hairs; subalar pit reduced to very shallow depression. Mesopleural carina complete but thin; precoxal carina complete. Metanotum with distinct plate, emarginate ventrally, visible posterodorsally. Metapleuron high and rectangular, overall convex; hind margin strongly raised, forming a distinct subposterior depression anterior to margin. Lobe over spiracle protruding posterodorsally into pale calyptra; area above strongly depressed. Anteroventral cavity elongate. Faint metapleural median groove extending backward from midpoint of mesopleural sulca, posteroventrally, widening to nearly circular depression. From posterior margin a few poorly developed metapleural ridges extend anteriorly. The dorsalmost ridge (ridge 1 of 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3A69F451BAE21FBF9FB14FB5C85A7" author="Nordlander" box="[1067,1262,1160,1184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" refString="Nordlander, G. (1980) Revision of the genus Leptopilina Forster, 1869 (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea: Eucoilidae). Entomologica Scandinavica, 11, 428 - 453." type="journal article" year="1980">Nordlander 1980</bibRefCitation>
), emerging just ventral to calyptral lobe, is slightly more well-developed, as is the one emerging from the posteroventral corner (ridge 3 of 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3A69F451BAE21FEC8FB4CFE6C85EF" author="Nordlander" box="[282,478,1232,1256]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" refString="Nordlander, G. (1980) Revision of the genus Leptopilina Forster, 1869 (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea: Eucoilidae). Entomologica Scandinavica, 11, 428 - 453." type="journal article" year="1980">Nordlander 1980</bibRefCitation>
), directed obliquely anterodorsally. Ventral to these, a straight ventral carina is well elevated. Posteroventral corner rounded, with no obliquely posterolaterally facing surface, with the line of hairs along posterior margin commencing at the ventral beginning of the curve of the posteroventral angle. Propodeum protruding only in area of nucha in both lateral and dorsal view. Propodeal carinae high and stout, in posterodorsal view well separated and angled at midpoint. Propodeum densely hairy except on carinae, on nucha, on surface between carinae, and on posterolaterally facing surfaces immediately below spiracles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451BAE21FF15FA35FE258757" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B956077C451BAE21FF15FA35FEB884C7" box="[199,266,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Wings</emphasis>
with hyaline surface and occasional dots, remnants of pubescence; males occasionally with setae in distal half of forewings. Forewing broad, apically rounded, with deep closed radial cell, 1st radial abscissa distinctly shorter than 2nd radial abscissa. Stout, erect setae or their remnant setigerous punctures visible on dorsal surface of subcosta. Submarginal and median veins visible as slight fold or lost completely. 
<collectingCountry id="F3359BFE451BAE21FB90F988FBC8872B" box="[1090,1146,1556,1580]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Hind</collectingCountry>
wings with long cilia on posterior wing margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451BAE21FF15F9C1FDFA879F" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B956077C451BAE21FF15F9C1FF4E8773" box="[199,252,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Legs</emphasis>
reddish straw-colored to brown; not remarkably long. A small patch of woolly setae usually visible on posterioproximal surface of hind coxa.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451BAE21FF15F939FB63862F" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B956077C451BAE21FF15F939FE8E87BB" box="[199,316,1701,1724]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Metasoma</emphasis>
dominated by large tergite (fused tergites of 3rd and 4th metasomal segments), with complete hairy ring in anterior part and dense band of punctuation posteriorly, and a few posterior tergites more or less visible. Male metasoma shorter than mesosoma and about 3/4 as high as long, blunt, nearly squared posteriorly in lateral view. Female metasoma subequal in size to mesosoma; hypopygium projecting out very slightly.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33888E5451BAE26FF15F8A8FC368428" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451BAE21FF15F8A8FDEC8677" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B956077C451BAE21FF15F8A8FEFC864B" bold="true" box="[199,334,1844,1868]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Etymology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451BAE21FE86F8A9FE56864B" box="[340,484,1845,1868]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451BAE21FE86F8A9FE56864B" box="[340,484,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Striatovertex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
means striated vertex (from latin 
<emphasis id="B956077C451BAE21FC8CF8A9FC20864B" box="[862,914,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Stria</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B956077C451BAE21FC1BF8A9FBB9864B" box="[969,1035,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Ve r t ex</emphasis>
), a characteristic property of representatives of this genus, and is feminine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451BAE21FF17F8E0FC4D86BF" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
Biogeography: Widespread in the New World, also with one species in 
<collectingCountry id="F3359BFE451BAE21FC38F8E0FBE18693" box="[1002,1107,1916,1940]" name="Australia" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Australia</collectingCountry>
, and one species deliberately introduced in Hawaii from North 
<collectingCountry id="F3359BFE451BAE21FDC2F83CFDC386BF" box="[528,625,1952,1976]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">America</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3A69F451BAE21FDADF83CFC9D86BF" author="Kotinsky" box="[639,815,1952,1976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" refString="Kotinsky, J. (1906) Minutes of September 6 th 1906. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 1, 82 - 83." type="journal article" year="1906">Kotinsky, 1906</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3A69F451BAE21FCE8F83CFC4186BF" author="Beardsley" box="[826,1011,1952,1976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" refString="Beardsley, J. W. (1989) Hawaiian Eucoilidae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea), key to genera and taxonomic notes on apparently non-endemic species. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 29, 165 - 194." type="journal article" year="1989">Beardsley, 1989</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451CAE26FF17FF0BFA838213" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
Biology: Collected throughout the year and apparently multivoltine, 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FC18FF04FBE881A8" box="[970,1114,152,175]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FC18FF04FBE881A8" box="[970,1114,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
wasps are well-known to be associated with herbivore dung, as koinobiont parasitoids of calyptrate 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FC1BFF20FBAF81D3" box="[969,1053,188,212]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
larvae-puparia therein. There are many literature records of rearings of 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FD9EFF7CFD1181FF" box="[588,675,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Eucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FD9EFF7CFD1181FF" box="[588,675,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Eucoila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from cow dung in North 
<collectingCountry id="F3359BFE451CAE26FC1FFF43FB8381F0" box="[973,1073,223,247]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">America</collectingCountry>
, which is usually a name under which 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FF31FE99FEC0801B" box="[227,370,261,284]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FF31FE99FEC0801B" box="[227,370,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not distinguished from true 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FD1EFE98FC91801B" box="[716,803,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Eucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FD1EFE98FC91801B" box="[716,803,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Eucoila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and from some species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FB80FE98FB40801B" box="[1106,1266,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Trybliographa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FB80FE98FB40801B" box="[1106,1266,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Trybliographa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In some studies the wasps have been identified as 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FDE5FEB4FCB08047" box="[567,770,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Eucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impatiens">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FDE5FEB4FCB08047" box="[567,770,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Eucoila impatiens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3A69F451CAE26FCC2FEBBFC2F8038" author="Bruce" box="[784,925,295,319]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Bruce, W. H. (1964) The history and biology of the horn fly, Haematobia irritans (Linnaeus) with comments on control. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin, 157, 1 - 33." type="journal article" year="1964">Bruce, 1964</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3A69F451CAE26FC7BFEBBFB088038" author="Thomas" box="[937,1210,295,319]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Thomas, G. D. &amp; Wingo, C. W. (1968) Parasites of the face fly and two other species of dung-inhabiting flies in Missouri. Journal of economic entomology, 61, 147 - 152." type="journal article" year="1968">Thomas &amp; Wingo, 1968</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3A69F451CAE26FB17FEB4FA258038" author="Turner" box="[1221,1431,295,320]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Turner, E. C., Burton, R. P. &amp; Gerhardt, R. R. (1968) Natural parasitism of dung breeding Diptera: a comparison between native hosts and an introduced host, the face fly. Journal of economic entomology, 61, 1012 - 1015." type="journal article" year="1968">
Turner 
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FAC5FEB5FAFD8047" box="[1303,1359,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
, 1968
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3A69F451CAE26FF45FED0FE938063" author="Wylie" box="[151,289,332,356]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Wylie, H. G. (1973) Parasites of face fly, Musca autumnalis (Diptera: Muscidae) and associated Diptera near Belleville, Ontario. Canadian entomologist, 105, 257 - 261." type="journal article" year="1973">Wylie, 1973</bibRefCitation>
) or 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FE9CFED0FE178063" box="[334,421,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Eucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FE9CFED0FE178063" box="[334,421,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Eucoila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
near 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FE36FED0FCA98063" authority="Wharton, 1979" authorityName="Wharton" authorityYear="1979" box="[484,795,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Pseudeucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufocincta">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FE36FED0FDE58063" box="[484,599,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">rufocincta</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3A69F451CAE26FDB7FED0FCA08063" author="Wharton" box="[613,786,332,356]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Wharton, R. A. (1979) Some predators and parasitoids of dung-breeding Diptera from Central California. Pan Pacific Entomologist, 55, 181 - 186." type="journal article" year="1979">Wharton, 1979</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, in which case they are 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FBF5FED1FB058063" box="[1063,1207,333,356]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FBF5FED1FB058063" box="[1063,1207,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
unless actually misidentified; while all the records given as 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FDB3FEECFD0A808F" box="[609,696,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Eucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FDB3FEECFD0A808F" box="[609,696,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Eucoila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp can be 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FCE2FEECFC728080" box="[816,960,368,391]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FCE2FEECFC728080" box="[816,960,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FC1FFEECFB96808F" box="[973,1060,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Eucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FC1FFEECFB96808F" box="[973,1060,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Eucoila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FB99FEECFB5F808F" box="[1099,1261,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Trybliographa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FB99FEECFB5F808F" box="[1099,1261,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Trybliographa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3A69F451CAE26FB29FEF3FA258080" author="Blickle" box="[1275,1431,367,391]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Blickle, R. L. (1961) Parasites of the face fly, Musca autumnalis, in New Hampshire. Journal of Economic Entomology, 54, 802." type="journal article" year="1961">Blickle, 1961</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3A69F451CAE26FF45FE08FE9880AB" author="Blume" box="[151,298,404,428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Blume, R. R. (1970) Insects associated with bovine droppings in Kerr and Bexar counties, Texas. Journal of Economic Entomology, 63, 1023 - 1024." type="journal article" year="1970">Blume, 1970</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3A69F451CAE26FEE7FE08FEC280AB" author="Blume" box="[309,368,404,428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Blume, R. R. (1986) Parasites of Diptera associated with bovine droppings on a pasture in east central Texas. Southwestern Entomologist, 11, 215 - 222." type="journal article" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3A69F451CAE26FEA9FE08FD8780AB" author="Figg" box="[379,565,404,428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Figg, D. E., Hall, R. D. &amp; Thomas, G. D. (1982) Bucoprophilous pasture flies and associated insect parasites in Central Missouri. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 55, 476." type="journal article" year="1982">
Figg 
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FE67FE09FE5E80AB" box="[437,492,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
, 1982
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3A69F451CAE26FD92FE08FCDF80AB" author="Harris" box="[576,877,404,428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Harris, R. L. &amp; Summerlin, J. W. (1984) Parasites of horn fly pupae in east central Texas. Southwestern entomologist, 9, 169 - 173." type="journal article" year="1984">Harris &amp; Summerlin, 1984</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3A69F451CAE26FCAAFE08FB2180AB" author="Sanders" box="[888,1171,404,428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Sanders, D. P. &amp; Dobson, R. C. (1966) The insect complex associated with bovine manure in Indiana. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 59, 955 - 959." type="journal article" year="1966">Sanders &amp; Dobson, 1966</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3A69F451CAE26FB4CFE08FAD880AB" author="Skoda" box="[1182,1386,404,428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Skoda, S. R., Campbell, J. B. &amp; Thomas, G. D. (1987) Parasites of face flies (Diptera: Muscidae) in south central nebraska. Environmental entomology, 16, 902 - 904." type="journal article" year="1987">Skoda et al., 1987</bibRefCitation>
). As long as the voucher specimens from these studies are not traced and identified, we can expect, based on our own faunistic knowledge, that a majority of large eucoilines in dung in the Nearctic are indeed 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FB52FE41FABD80F3" box="[1152,1295,477,500]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FB52FE41FABD80F3" box="[1152,1295,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but far from all, so that some of these records may in fact not concern 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FCC4FD9CFC148310" box="[790,934,512,535]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FCC4FD9CFC148310" box="[790,934,512,535]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In these studies, 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FBBFFD9CFAC2831F" box="[1133,1392,512,536]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impatiens">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FBBFFD9CFAC2831F" box="[1133,1392,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex impatiens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been recorded as common parasitoids of 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FDB3FDB8FBBF833B" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[609,1037,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Haematobia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irritans">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FDB3FDB8FCF5833B" box="[609,839,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Haematobia irritans</emphasis>
(Linnaeus, 1758)
</taxonomicName>
(the horn fly) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FB0DFDB9FEEA8358" authority="DeGeer, 1776" authorityName="DeGeer" authorityYear="1776" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Musca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="autumnalis">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FB0DFDB9FF008367" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Musca autumnalis</emphasis>
DeGeer, 1776
</taxonomicName>
(the face fly) of 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FDCDFDDBFD3D8358" box="[543,655,583,607]" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Muscidae</taxonomicName>
, and as rare from 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FCB0FDD5FAB78358" authority="Fabricius, 1781" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1781" box="[866,1285,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Neomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cornicina">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FCB0FDD5FB8B8367" box="[866,1081,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Neomyia cornicina</emphasis>
(Fabricius, 1781)
</taxonomicName>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FAFDFDDBFA2E8358" box="[1327,1436,583,607]" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Muscidae</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FF14FDF1FD988383" authority="Walker, 1849" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1849" box="[198,554,620,644]" class="Insecta" family="Sarcophagidae" genus="Ravinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="querula">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FF14FDF1FEC98383" box="[198,379,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Ravinia querula</emphasis>
(Walker, 1849)
</taxonomicName>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FD9DFDF0FD4A8383" box="[591,760,620,644]" class="Insecta" family="Sarcophagidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sarcophagidae</taxonomicName>
. In addition to this, 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FC04FDF1FB528383" box="[982,1248,620,644]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufocincta">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FC04FDF1FB528383" box="[982,1248,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex rufocincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been held in laboratory culture as a parasitoid of blowflies on carrion (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3A69F451CAE26FCF9FD13FC5683A0" author="Lindquist" box="[811,996,655,679]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Lindquist, A. W. (1936) Parasites of the horn fly and other flies breeding in dung. Journal of Economic Entomology, 29, 1154 - 1158." type="journal article" year="1936">Lindquist, 1936</bibRefCitation>
). Other indirect sources and label data record 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FF34FD29FEC483CB" box="[230,374,693,716]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FF34FD29FEC483CB" box="[230,374,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
emerging from carrion and birdnests. It is probable that 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FC28FD29FB3B83CB" box="[1018,1161,693,716]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FC28FD29FB3B83CB" box="[1018,1161,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
attack all kinds of large calyptrate fly larvae in rotting habitats, but substrate preferences, and the clues attracting the wasps, as well as frequency and success rate on different hosts of course remain to investigate with properly identified wasps.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451CAE26FF15FCD8FE21825B" blockId="4.[199,403,835,860]" box="[199,403,835,860]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FF15FCD8FE21825B" bold="true" box="[199,403,835,860]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Included species:</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451CAE26FF45FC11FD2B82C0" blockId="4.[151,1436,908,1832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FF45FC11FDFE82A3" authority="Cameron, 1905" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1905" box="[151,588,908,932]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azteca" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FF45FC11FEC982A3" box="[151,379,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex azteca</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="F3359BFE451CAE26FE5DFC10FE4882A3" box="[399,506,908,932]" name="Cameroon" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Cameron</collectingCountry>
, 1905)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A265BA07451CAE26FD8BFC10FD7782A3" box="[601,709,908,932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FD8BFC10FD7782A3" bold="true" box="[601,709,908,932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FD09FC11FB1282A3" authority="Cameron, 1905" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1905" box="[731,1184,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Heptamerocera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azteca">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FD09FC11FC6C82A3" box="[731,990,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Heptamerocera azteca</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3359BFE451CAE26FC39FC10FBE782A3" box="[1003,1109,908,932]" name="Cameroon" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Cameron</collectingCountry>
, 1905
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FB63FC10FA2E82A3" box="[1201,1436,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Pseudeucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azteca">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FB63FC10FA2E82A3" box="[1201,1436,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Pseudeucoila azteca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[comb. by Weld, 1952]) Nearctic species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451CAE26FF45FC49FE6B8508" blockId="4.[151,1436,908,1832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FF45FC49FD9C82EB" authority="Girault, 1920" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1920" box="[151,558,980,1004]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cultra" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FF45FC49FEC782EB" box="[151,373,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex cultra</emphasis>
(Girault, 1920)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A265BA07451CAE26FDEBFC48FD1682EB" box="[569,676,980,1004]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FDEBFC48FD1682EB" bold="true" box="[569,676,980,1004]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FD6BFC48FBAD82EB" authority="Girault, 1920" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1920" box="[697,1055,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Psilodora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cultra">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FD6BFC48FCC482EB" box="[697,886,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Psilodora cultra</emphasis>
Girault, 1920
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FBFCFC48FB6182EB" box="[1070,1235,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Eucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cultra">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FBFCFC48FB6182EB" box="[1070,1235,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Eucoila cultra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[comb. by Weld 1952]) Nearctic species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451CAE26FF45FB81FB368550" blockId="4.[151,1436,908,1832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FF45FB81FDDB8533" authority="Ashmead, 1888" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1888" box="[151,617,1052,1076]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erythropa" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FF45FB81FE2E8533" box="[151,412,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex erythropa</emphasis>
(Ashmead, 1888)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A265BA07451CAE26FDA0FB80FD688533" box="[626,730,1052,1076]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FDA0FB80FD688533" bold="true" box="[626,730,1052,1076]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FD3EFB80FB198533" authority="Ashmead, 1888" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1888" box="[748,1195,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Cothonaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erythropa">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FD3EFB80FC5F8533" box="[748,1005,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Cothonaspis erythropa</emphasis>
Ashmead, 1888
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FB65FB80FA298533" box="[1207,1435,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Psilodora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erythropa">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FB65FB80FA298533" box="[1207,1435,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Psilodora erythropa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[comb. in Kieffer, 1901], 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FE3AFBDCFD01855F" box="[488,691,1088,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Eucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erythropa">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FE3AFBDCFD01855F" box="[488,691,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Eucoila erythropa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[comb. by Weld 1951]) Nearctic species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451CAE26FF45FBF9FE2585C3" blockId="4.[151,1436,908,1832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FF45FBF9FD94857B" authority="Say, 1836" authorityName="Say" authorityYear="1836" box="[151,550,1124,1148]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impatiens" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FF45FBF9FE2E857B" box="[151,412,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex impatiens</emphasis>
(Say, 1836)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A265BA07451CAE26FDFCFBF8FD27857B" box="[558,661,1124,1148]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FDFCFBF8FD27857B" bold="true" box="[558,661,1124,1148]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FD74FBF8FBB8857B" authority="Say, 1836" authorityName="Say" authorityYear="1836" box="[678,1034,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Diplolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impatiens">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FD74FBF8FC22857B" box="[678,912,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Diplolepis impatiens</emphasis>
Say, 1836
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FBC4FBF8FB51857B" box="[1046,1251,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Eucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impatiens">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FBC4FBF8FB51857B" box="[1046,1251,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Eucoila impatiens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[comb. by Ashmead, 1885]) (syn. 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FE70FB14FCDA8598" authority="Provancher, 1881" authorityName="Provancher" authorityYear="1881" box="[418,872,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Kleidotoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupulifera">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FE70FB14FD2C85A7" box="[418,670,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Kleidotoma cupulifera</emphasis>
Provancher, 1881
</taxonomicName>
[syn. by Ashmead, 1885]) Nearctic species (introduced on Hawaii).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451CAE26FF45FB4CFAB385E0" blockId="4.[151,1436,908,1832]" box="[151,1281,1231,1256]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FF45FB4CFD8585E0" authority="Cameron, 1884" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[151,567,1231,1256]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incisa" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FF45FB4CFEC285EF" box="[151,368,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex incisa</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="F3359BFE451CAE26FEADFB53FE5885E0" box="[383,490,1231,1255]" name="Cameroon" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Cameron</collectingCountry>
, 1884)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A265BA07451CAE26FDEFFB4CFD1185EF" box="[573,675,1232,1256]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FDEFFB4CFD1185EF" bold="true" box="[573,675,1232,1256]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FD66FB4CFBBC85E0" authority="Cameron, 1884" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[692,1038,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Eucoela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incisa">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FD66FB4CFCEB85EF" box="[692,857,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Eucoela incisa</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3359BFE451CAE26FCB2FB53FC7885E0" box="[864,970,1231,1255]" name="Cameroon" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Cameron</collectingCountry>
, 1884
</taxonomicName>
) Neotropical species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451CAE26FF45FB69FC368428" blockId="4.[151,1436,908,1832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FF45FB69FDC5840B" authority="Dalla Torre, 1892" authorityName="Dalla Torre" authorityYear="1892" box="[151,631,1268,1292]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insularis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FF45FB69FE23840B" box="[151,401,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex insularis</emphasis>
(Dalla Torre, 1892)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A265BA07451CAE26FD52FB68FD5A840B" box="[640,744,1268,1292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FD52FB68FD5A840B" bold="true" box="[640,744,1268,1292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FD28FB68FB25840B" authority="Dalla Torre, 1892" authorityName="Dalla Torre" authorityYear="1892" box="[762,1175,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Eucoela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FD28FB68FC73840B" box="[762,961,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Eucoela insularis</emphasis>
Dalla Torre, 1892
</taxonomicName>
, replacement name for 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FF1BFA84FDBC8428" authority="Cameron" authorityName="Cameron" box="[201,526,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Eucoela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufiventris">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FF1BFA84FE138437" box="[201,417,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Eucoela rufiventris</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3359BFE451CAE26FE75FA8BFDBC8428" box="[423,526,1303,1327]" name="Cameroon" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Cameron</collectingCountry>
</taxonomicName>
nec Giraud) Neotropical species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33888E5451CAE27FF45FAA1FE798213" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451CAE26FF45FAA1FBBA849B" blockId="4.[151,1436,908,1832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FF45FAA1FDE48453" authority="Kieffer, 1907" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,598,1340,1364]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nudipennis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FF45FAA1FE1B8453" box="[151,425,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex nudipennis</emphasis>
(Kieffer, 1907)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A265BA07451CAE26FD8CFAA0FD718453" box="[606,707,1340,1364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FD8CFAA0FD718453" bold="true" box="[606,707,1340,1364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FD06FAA0FBD18453" authority="Kieffer, 1907" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1907" box="[724,1123,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Psilodora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nudipennis">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FD06FAA0FC768453" box="[724,964,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Psilodora nudipennis</emphasis>
Kieffer, 1907
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FBBFFAA0FAF48453" box="[1133,1350,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Eucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nudipennis">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FBBFFAA0FAF48453" box="[1133,1350,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Eucoila nudipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[comb. by Weld, 1952]) (syn. 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FE16FAFCFCF08470" authority="Kieffer, 1909" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1909" box="[452,834,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Psilodora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paraensis">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FE16FAFCFD14847F" box="[452,678,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Psilodora paraensis</emphasis>
Kieffer, 1909
</taxonomicName>
[syn. by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3A69F451CAE26FC78FAC3FBC08470" author="Nordlander" box="[938,1138,1375,1399]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Nordlander, G. (1981) A review of the genus Trybliographa Forster, 1869 (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea: Eucoilidae). Entomologica Scandinavica, 12, 381 - 402." type="journal article" year="1981">Nordlander, 1981</bibRefCitation>
], syn. 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FB68FAFCFA2E847F" box="[1210,1436,1376,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Psilodora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paraensis">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FB68FAFCFA2E847F" box="[1210,1436,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Psilodora paraensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FF1BFA19FE6C849B" authority="Kieffer, 1909" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1909" box="[201,478,1412,1436]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" rank="variety" variety="festiva">
var. 
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FF2BFA18FEF0849B" box="[249,322,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">festiva</emphasis>
Kieffer, 1909
</taxonomicName>
[syn. by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3A69F451CAE26FD94FA18FCBF849B" author="Nordlander" box="[582,781,1412,1436]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Nordlander, G. (1981) A review of the genus Trybliographa Forster, 1869 (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea: Eucoilidae). Entomologica Scandinavica, 12, 381 - 402." type="journal article" year="1981">Nordlander, 1981</bibRefCitation>
]) Neotropical species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451CAE26FF45FA34FEC284E3" blockId="4.[151,1436,908,1832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FF45FA34FD6984B8" authority="Kerrich &amp; Quinlan, 1960" authorityName="Kerrich &amp; Quinlan" authorityYear="1960" box="[151,731,1447,1472]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occipitalis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FF45FA34FE1184C7" box="[151,419,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex occipitalis</emphasis>
(Kerrich &amp; Quinlan, 1960)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A265BA07451CAE26FD31FA34FCF884C7" box="[739,842,1448,1472]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FD31FA34FCF884C7" bold="true" box="[739,842,1448,1472]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FC89FA34FAE784B8" authority="Kerrich &amp; Quinlan, 1960" authorityName="Kerrich &amp; Quinlan" authorityYear="1960" box="[859,1365,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Eucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occipitalis">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FC89FA34FB9D84C7" box="[859,1071,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Eucoila occipitalis</emphasis>
Kerrich &amp; Quinlan, 1960
</taxonomicName>
) Australian species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451CAE26FF45FA6CFAA7870F" blockId="4.[151,1436,908,1832]" box="[151,1301,1520,1544]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FF45FA6CFDE7870F" authority="Ashmead, 1887" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1887" box="[151,597,1520,1544]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubripes" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FF45FA6CFE3E870F" box="[151,396,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex rubripes</emphasis>
(Ashmead, 1887)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A265BA07451CAE26FD8FFA6CFD70870F" box="[605,706,1520,1544]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FD8FFA6CFD70870F" bold="true" box="[605,706,1520,1544]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FD01FA6CFBFA870F" authority="Ashmead, 1887" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1887" box="[723,1096,1520,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Eucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubripes">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FD01FA6CFC22870F" box="[723,912,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Eucoila rubripes</emphasis>
Ashmead, 1887
</taxonomicName>
) Nearctic species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451CAE26FF45F989FA268757" blockId="4.[151,1436,908,1832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FF45F989FDD0872B" authority="Kieffer, 1907" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,610,1556,1580]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufocincta" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FF45F989FE15872B" box="[151,423,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex rufocincta</emphasis>
(Kieffer, 1907)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A265BA07451CAE26FDBDF988FD69872B" box="[623,731,1556,1580]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FDBDF988FD69872B" bold="true" box="[623,731,1556,1580]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FD23F988FBC6872B" authority="Kieffer, 1907" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1907" box="[753,1140,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Eucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufocincta">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FD23F988FC7A872B" box="[753,968,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Eucoila rufocincta</emphasis>
Kieffer, 1907
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FB57F988FA2E872B" box="[1157,1436,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Pseudeucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufocincta">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FB57F988FA2E872B" box="[1157,1436,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Pseudeucoila rufocincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[comb. by Weld, 1952]) (syn. 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FDC8F9A5FC278757" authority="Kieffer, 1910" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1910" box="[538,917,1592,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Lytosema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atricornis">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FDC8F9A5FD488757" box="[538,762,1593,1616]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Lytosema atricornis</emphasis>
Kieffer, 1910
</taxonomicName>
[syn. by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3A69F451CAE26FC2FF9A4FB0D8757" author="Nordlander" box="[1021,1215,1592,1616]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Nordlander, G. (1981) A review of the genus Trybliographa Forster, 1869 (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea: Eucoilidae). Entomologica Scandinavica, 12, 381 - 402." type="journal article" year="1981">Nordlander 1981</bibRefCitation>
]) Nearctic species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451CAE26FF45F9C1FD48879F" blockId="4.[151,1436,908,1832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FF45F9C1FD3B8773" authority="Gillette, 1891" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1891" box="[151,649,1628,1652]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="septemspinosa" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FF45F9C1FE608773" box="[151,466,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex septemspinosa</emphasis>
(Gillette, 1891)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A265BA07451CAE26FD40F9C0FD4B8773" box="[658,761,1628,1652]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FD40F9C0FD4B8773" bold="true" box="[658,761,1628,1652]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FCDEF9C0FB048773" authority="Gillette, 1891" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1891" box="[780,1206,1628,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Eucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="septemspinosa">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FCDEF9C0FBBC8773" box="[780,1038,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Eucoila septemspinosa</emphasis>
Gillette, 1891
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FB11F9C0FEA6879F" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Psilodora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="septemspinosa">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FB11F9C0FEA6879F" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Psilodora septemspinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[comb. by Kieffer 1901]) Nearctic species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451CAE26FF45F939FDF287E7" blockId="4.[151,1436,908,1832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FF45F939FD8F87BB" authority="Kieffer, 1909" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,573,1700,1724]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FF45F939FE3F87BB" box="[151,397,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex unicolor</emphasis>
(Kieffer, 1909)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A265BA07451CAE26FD96F938FD1987BB" box="[580,683,1700,1724]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FD96F938FD1987BB" bold="true" box="[580,683,1700,1724]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FD6EF938FBAB87BB" authority="Kieffer, 1909" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1909" box="[700,1049,1700,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Eucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FD6EF938FCCB87BB" box="[700,889,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Eucoila unicolor</emphasis>
Kieffer, 1909
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FBF7F938FA9087BB" box="[1061,1314,1700,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Pseudeucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FBF7F938FA9087BB" box="[1061,1314,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Pseudeucoila unicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[comb. by Weld 1952]) Neotropical species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451CAE26FF45F971FD21862F" blockId="4.[151,1436,908,1832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FF45F971FDC68603" authority="Ashmead, 1885" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1885" box="[151,628,1772,1796]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagabunda" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FF45F971FE188603" box="[151,426,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex vagabunda</emphasis>
(Ashmead, 1885)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A265BA07451CAE26FDAEF970FD518603" box="[636,739,1772,1796]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FDAEF970FD518603" bold="true" box="[636,739,1772,1796]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FD26F970FB078603" authority="Ashmead, 1885" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1885" box="[756,1205,1772,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Kleidotoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagabunda">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FD26F970FC488603" box="[756,1018,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Kleidotoma vagabunda</emphasis>
Ashmead, 1885
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FB13F970FA2E8603" box="[1217,1436,1772,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Eucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagabunda">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FB13F970FA2E8603" box="[1217,1436,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Eucoila vagabunda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[comb. by Weld 1951]) Nearctic species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451CAE26FF17F8CBFCDF86DB" blockId="4.[151,1436,1879,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FF17F8CBFE068677" bold="true" box="[197,436,1879,1904]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Systematic position.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FE6EF8C4FDFE8668" box="[444,588,1880,1903]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FE6EF8C4FDFE8668" box="[444,588,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Striatovertex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are typical 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FD00F8C4FCF68677" box="[722,836,1880,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ganaspini">Ganaspini</taxonomicName>
(of the &quot;neotropical grade&quot; group) in all the relevant characters (small hairpatches on coxae, high and emarginate pronotal plate, F1 modified in males), and lack the important characteristics of 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FE00F83CFD8B86BF" box="[466,569,1952,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Eucoilini">Eucoilini</taxonomicName>
and the &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FD74F83CFCFA86BF" box="[678,840,1952,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Trybliographa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FD74F83CFCFA86BF" box="[678,840,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Trybliographa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex&quot; to which the true 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451CAE26FB58F83CFB5386BF" box="[1162,1249,1952,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Eucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451CAE26FB58F83CFB5386BF" box="[1162,1249,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Eucoila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belong (hairless metapleural triangle, distinct subalar pits, F2 modified in males).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451DAE27FF15FF0BFAB58080" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,788]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
Representatives of 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FE4FFF04FD9E81A8" box="[413,556,152,175]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451DAE27FE4FFF04FD9E81A8" box="[413,556,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Striatovertex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been included in two recently made phylogenetic analyses, first the analysis of the subfamily 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FE40FF20FDB881D3" box="[402,522,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Eucoilinae">Eucoilinae</taxonomicName>
based on morphological characters by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3A69F451DAE27FC02FF20FAB781D3" box="[976,1285,188,212]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" refString="Fontal-Cazalla, F. M., Buffington, M., Nordlander, G., Liljeblad, J., Ros-Farre, P., Nieves Aldrey, J. L., Pujade-Villar, J. &amp; Ronquist, F. (2002) Phylogeny of the Eucoilinae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae). Cladistics, 18, 154 - 199." type="journal article">Fontal-Cazalla et al (2002)</bibRefCitation>
and then the combined analysis including molecular data of the whole family 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FCBBFF43FC7F81F0" ID-CoL="62446" box="[873,973,223,247]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Figitidae</taxonomicName>
by Buffington et al (2007). In the former, 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FF45FE99FE94801B" box="[151,294,261,284]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451DAE27FF45FE99FE94801B" box="[151,294,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Striatovertex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
came out close to 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FE28FE98FDEC801B" box="[506,606,260,284]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Epicoela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451DAE27FE28FE98FDEC801B" box="[506,606,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Epicoela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FD47FE98FCB8801B" box="[661,778,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Aganaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451DAE27FD47FE98FCB8801B" box="[661,778,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Aganaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the grouping proposed there as the &quot;neotropical grade&quot;. In the latter, it was sister to 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FE01FEB4FDFA8047" box="[467,584,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Aganaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451DAE27FE01FEB4FDFA8047" box="[467,584,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Aganaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FDAEFEB4FD528047" box="[636,736,296,320]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Epicoela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451DAE27FDAEFEB4FD528047" box="[636,736,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Epicoela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were situated elsewhere, and the whole apparent &quot;neotropical grade&quot; turned out to be part of &quot;core 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FDFCFED0FD1B8063" box="[558,681,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Eucoilinae">Eucoilinae</taxonomicName>
&quot; and of a monophyletic group therein which was called the &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FA9CFED1FF79808F" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Zamischus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451DAE27FA9CFED1FF79808F" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Zamischus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group&quot;, which coincides with the tribe 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FD56FEF3FD448080" box="[644,758,367,391]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ganaspini">Ganaspini</taxonomicName>
(as reerected in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3A69F451DAE27FC7CFEF3FB4C8080" author="Forshage" box="[942,1278,367,391]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" refString="Forshage, M. &amp; Nordlander, G. (2008) Identification key to European genera of Eucoilinae (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae) Insect Systematics and Evolution, 39, 341 - 359." type="journal article" year="2008">Forshage &amp; Nordlander, 2008</bibRefCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9DDB6E451DAE27FF15FE08FE798213" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,788]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
Morphologically, 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FE42FE09FDAD80AB" box="[400,543,405,428]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Striatovertex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451DAE27FE42FE09FDAD80AB" box="[400,543,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Striatovertex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is clearly most similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FC9AFE08FC0F80AB" box="[840,957,404,428]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Aganaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451DAE27FC9AFE08FC0F80AB" box="[840,957,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Aganaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FC27FE08FBEA80AB" box="[1013,1112,404,428]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Epicoela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451DAE27FC27FE08FBEA80AB" box="[1013,1112,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Epicoela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and according to the analyses it is either the former or both of these it is most closely related to. Obviously, several other not closely-related genera of 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FEDEFE40FE3680F3" box="[268,388,476,500]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Eucoilinae">Eucoilinae</taxonomicName>
and other 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FDD0FE40FDD480F3" ID-CoL="62446" box="[514,614,476,500]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Figitidae</taxonomicName>
share important characters, in addition to the reduction of wing pubescence. Some of these attack hosts in dung and carrion too (the true 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FC5FFD9CFC56831F" box="[909,996,512,536]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Eucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451DAE27FC5FFD9CFC56831F" box="[909,996,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Eucoila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, plus several genera of 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FB23FE63FAEB8310" box="[1265,1369,511,535]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Figitinae">Figitinae</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FAB6FD9DFF04833B" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Figites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451DAE27FAB6FD9DFF04833B" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Figites</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FF15FDB8FE95833B" box="[199,295,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Neralsia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451DAE27FF15FDB8FE95833B" box="[199,295,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Neralsia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FEEBFDB8FE0F833B" box="[313,445,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Xyalophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451DAE27FEEBFDB8FE0F833B" box="[313,445,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Xyalophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FE1DFDB8FDCD833B" box="[463,639,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Xyalophoroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451DAE27FE1DFDB8FDCD833B" box="[463,639,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Xyalophoroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), while some others attack fruit-infesting tephritid or lonchaeid flies (
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FF72FDD4FE9F8367" box="[160,301,584,608]" class="Insecta" genus="Odontosema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451DAE27FF72FDD4FE9F8367" box="[160,301,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Odontosema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FEEEFDD4FE7A8367" box="[316,456,584,608]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Lopheucoila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451DAE27FEEEFDD4FE7A8367" box="[316,456,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Lopheucoila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FE04FDD5FDFA8367" box="[470,584,585,608]" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Dettmeria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B956077C451DAE27FE04FDD5FDFA8367" box="[470,584,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Dettmeria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (Buffington, 2007 and references therein). Wing pubescence reduction has been commonly interpreted as an adaptation facilitating smooth movement in a sticky substrate, which would possibly make sense in dung as well as fruit. In some of these taxa, reduction of wing pubescence is more pronounced in females than males, which makes sense if related to oviposition habitat. Nevertheless, several other parasitic wasps including other 
<taxonomicName id="4C22A0ED451DAE27FE41FD4BFE4583E8" ID-CoL="62446" box="[403,503,727,751]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Figitidae</taxonomicName>
oviposit in these and other similarly sticky habitats with normally pubescent wings without apparent problems.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>