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<document id="E8AE7C8783DB502C9FC23FB9946A609F" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.13644131" ID-ISSN="1732-2421" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13644131" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="karina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="karina" checkinTime="1723142615332" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Archibald, J. David &amp; Averianov, Alexander O." docDate="2006" docId="03DA879A7672FF991835E036AA6AFB6B" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaPalaeontolPol.51.2.351-376.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 51 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:93F5927C23D90727DE855278A6F17B37.1:ActaPalaeontolPol.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="93F5927C23D90727DE855278A6F17B37" docStyleName="ActaPalaeontolPol.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Bulaklestes kezbe Nessov 1985" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="368" masterDocId="FFE3FFE2767FFF881B19E17CA86DFFB0" masterDocTitle="Late Cretaceous asioryctitherian eutherian mammals from Uzbekistan and phylogenetic analysis of Asioryctitheria" masterLastPageNumber="376" masterPageNumber="351" pageNumber="364" updateTime="1725366295411" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="ABF2D5F95C0F13E4E6E7F1893C7B133F">Late Cretaceous asioryctitherian eutherian mammals from Uzbekistan and phylogenetic analysis of Asioryctitheria</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3D25A28AFDD7F80EBDF69ABEFF1911BB">Archibald, J. David</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="44117355433902735C33D92F5A6F1997" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="297C6D6F18086D5E25D9FE6B52E6A9AA">Averianov, Alexander O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="DA559BE3519931F2C0C67C4AE97A9B0C">Acta Palaeontologica Polonica</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="0F2E3841B1C6B8C41DB4E81A16582749">2006</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="409E8A18EE23EB375FC4398C6386F8B9" type="volume">
<mods:number id="EF3F8FA809473474DCF34D3462AA7768">51</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="870EE44C8A4277A21F1A0E88139019A0" type="ISSN">1732-2421</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DA879A7672FF991835E036AA6AFB6B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA879A7672FF991835E036AA6AFB6B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DA879A7672FF991835E036AA6AFB6B" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="368" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">
<subSubSection id="C36965077672FF851835E036ACAEFED6" box="[812,1219,330,358]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCC368C7672FF851835E036ACAEFED6" blockId="13.[812,1219,330,391]" box="[812,1219,330,358]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">
<heading id="D08481E07672FF851835E036ACAEFED6" box="[812,1219,330,358]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" reason="9">
<taxonomicName id="4C734D0F7672FF851835E036ACAEFED6" authority="Nessov, 1985" authorityName="Nessov" authorityYear="1985" box="[812,1219,330,358]" class="Mammalia" family="Aegialodontidae" genus="Bulaklestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphitheriida" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kezbe">
<emphasis id="B907EA9E7672FF851835E036AC60FED6" box="[812,1037,330,358]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Bulaklestes kezbe</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B7D7672FF851F0CE036ACAEFED6" author="Nessov, L. A. &amp; Nesov, L. A." box="[1045,1219,330,358]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" pagination="8 - 18" refId="ref20554" refString="Nessov, L. A. [Nesov, L. A.] 1985. New mammals from the Cretaceous of Kyzylkum [in Russian]. Vestnik Leningradskogo Universiteta, Seria 7, 17: 8 - 18." type="journal article" year="1985">Nessov, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36965077672FF851835E00EAC63FE37" box="[812,1038,370,391]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCC368C7672FF851835E00EAC63FE37" blockId="13.[812,1219,330,391]" box="[812,1038,370,391]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">
<figureCitation id="13482A097672FF851835E00EABF9FE37" box="[812,916,370,391]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="14.[102,135,980,1000]" captionStartId-1="15.[102,135,1853,1873]" captionStartId-2="16.[102,135,1478,1498]" captionTargetBox-0="[342,1248,228,953]" captionTargetBox-1="[290,1296,229,1825]" captionTargetBox-2="[285,1298,225,1449]" captionTargetId-0="figure-557@14.[339,1249,225,943]" captionTargetId-1="figure-44@15.[290,1296,225,1826]" captionTargetId-2="figure-249@16.[284,1303,225,1450]" captionTargetPageId-0="14" captionTargetPageId-1="15" captionTargetPageId-2="16" captionText-0="Fig. 8. Stereopairs of Bulaklestes kezbe Nessov, 1985; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian). A. 1985. CCMGE 19/12176, right P4; in labial (A1) and occlusal (A2) views. B. ZIN 82591, left M1 lacking paracone; in occlusal (B1), labial (B2), and anterior (B3) views. C. CCMGE 12/12176, type, right M3; in occlusal (C1), labial (C2), and anterior (C3) views." captionText-1="Fig. 9. Stereopairs of Bulaklestes kezbe Nessov, 1985; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian). A. URBAC 03−142, right dentary with p4 missing most of the crown, p5, m1, and alveoli for two−rooted c and p1–2 (p4–5, m1 shown), in occlusal (A1), labial (A2), and lingual (A3) views. B. URBAC 00−61, left dentary with i3?–4?, c, p1–2, 4, in occlusal (B1), labial (B2), and lingual (B3) views." captionText-2="Fig. 10. Stereopairs of Bulaklestes kezbe Nessov, 1985; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian). A. URBAC 98−141, left m1, in lingual (A1) and occlusal (A2) views. B. URBAC 03−94, m2 from left dentary with m2 and alveoli for p5, m1, and m3, in lingual (B1) and occlusal (B2) views. C. URBAC 04−170, erupting m3 from right dentary with erupting m3 and posterior alveolus for m2; occlusal. D. URBAC 04−163, left dentary with m2–3, m1 lacking most of the crown, and alveoli for p5, in lingual (D1) and occlusal (D2) views." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644147" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644149" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644151" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13644147/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13644149/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13644151/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Figs. 8–10</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="C6F103377672FF851887E00EAB9DFE37" box="[926,1008,370,391]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="4.[102,157,231,252]" captionText="Table 1. Upper tooth measurements. Italicized numbers are estimates. Parentheses are deciduous teeth. A dagger (†) indicates a type specimen. Abbreviations as follows: L, length; W, width; AW, anterior width; PW, posterior width." pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Tables 1</tableCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="C6F103377672FF8518E5E00EAC67FE37" box="[1020,1034,370,391]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="5.[102,157,231,252]" captionText="Table 2. Lower tooth measurements.Italicized numbers are estimates.Parentheses are deciduous teeth.A dagger(†) indicates a type specimen.Abbreviations as follows: L, length; W, width; TRW, trigonid width; TAW, talonid width; TRL, trigonid length; TAL, talonid length." pageId="13" pageNumber="364">2</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36965077672FF851835E0E6ACB5FDF1" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BCC368C7672FF851835E0E6ACB5FDF1" blockId="13.[812,1486,410,703]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">
1985
<taxonomicName id="4C734D0F7672FF85187BE0E6AC67FE1F" authorityName="Archibald &amp; Averianov" authorityYear="2006" box="[866,1034,410,431]" class="Mammalia" family="Aegialodontidae" genus="Bulaklestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphitheriida" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kezbe" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B907EA9E7672FF85187BE0E6AC67FE1F" box="[866,1034,410,431]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Bulaklestes kezbe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23457E57672FF851F09E0E6AC32FE1F" box="[1040,1119,410,431]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B7D7672FF851F71E0E6AD66FE1F" author="Nessov, L. A. &amp; Nesov, L. A." box="[1128,1291,410,431]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" pagination="8 - 18" refId="ref20554" refString="Nessov, L. A. [Nesov, L. A.] 1985. New mammals from the Cretaceous of Kyzylkum [in Russian]. Vestnik Leningradskogo Universiteta, Seria 7, 17: 8 - 18." type="journal article" year="1985">Nessov 1985: 16</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 3: 6. 1985 Theria [indet.];
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B7D7672FF8518E0E0CBAC17FE7C" author="Nessov, L. A. &amp; Nesov, L. A." box="[1017,1146,439,460]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" pagination="8 - 18" refId="ref20554" refString="Nessov, L. A. [Nesov, L. A.] 1985. New mammals from the Cretaceous of Kyzylkum [in Russian]. Vestnik Leningradskogo Universiteta, Seria 7, 17: 8 - 18." type="journal article" year="1985">Nessov 1985</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 3: 2. 1993
<taxonomicName id="4C734D0F7672FF85187BE0A9AC67FE5A" authorityName="Archibald &amp; Averianov" authorityYear="2006" box="[866,1034,469,490]" class="Mammalia" family="Aegialodontidae" genus="Bulaklestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphitheriida" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kezbe">
<emphasis id="B907EA9E7672FF85187BE0A9AC67FE5A" box="[866,1034,469,490]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Bulaklestes kezbe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B7D7672FF851F0EE0A8ACFAFE59" author="Nessov, L. A. &amp; Nesov, L. A." box="[1047,1175,468,489]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" pagination="105 - 133" refId="ref20643" refString="Nessov, L. A. [Nesov, L. A.] 1993. New Mesozoic mammals of Middle Asia and Kazakhstan and comments about evolution of theriofaunas of Cretaceous coastal plains of Asia [in Russian]. Trudy Zoologiceskogo Instituta RAN 249: 105 - 133." type="journal article" year="1993">Nessov 1993</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 4: 10. 1994
<taxonomicName id="4C734D0F7672FF85187BE08EAC67FDB7" authorityName="Archibald &amp; Averianov" authorityYear="2006" box="[866,1034,498,519]" class="Mammalia" family="Aegialodontidae" genus="Bulaklestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphitheriida" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kezbe">
<emphasis id="B907EA9E7672FF85187BE08EAC67FDB7" box="[866,1034,498,519]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Bulaklestes kezbe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B7D7672FF851F0EE08DAC83FDB6" author="Nessov, L. A. &amp; Sigogneau-Russell, D. &amp; Russell, D. E." box="[1047,1262,497,518]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" pagination="51 - 92" refId="ref20957" refString="Nessov, L. A., Sigogneau-Russell, D., and Russell, D. E. 1994. A survey of Cretaceous tribosphenic mammals from middle Asia (Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Tajikistan), of their geological setting, age and faunal environment. Palaeovertebrata 23: 51 - 92." type="journal article" year="1994">Nessov et al. 1994: 64</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 4: 2. 1997
<taxonomicName id="4C734D0F7672FF85187BE373AC67FD94" authorityName="Archibald &amp; Averianov" authorityYear="2006" box="[866,1034,527,548]" class="Mammalia" family="Aegialodontidae" genus="Bulaklestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphitheriida" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kezbe">
<emphasis id="B907EA9E7672FF85187BE373AC67FD94" box="[866,1034,527,548]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Bulaklestes kezbe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B7D7672FF851F0EE373ACFAFD94" author="Nessov, L. A. &amp; Nesov, L. A." box="[1047,1175,527,548]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" refId="ref20733" refString="Nessov, L. A. [Nesov, L. A.] 1997. Melovye nemorskie pozvonocnye Severnoj Evrazii. (Posthumous edition by L. B. Golovneva and A. O. Averianov). 218 pp. University of Saint Petersburg, Institute of the Earth Crust, Saint Petersburg." type="book" year="1997">Nessov 1997</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 48: 2. 1997 Theria [indet.];
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B7D7672FF8518E0E350AC17FDF1" author="Nessov, L. A. &amp; Nesov, L. A." box="[1017,1146,556,577]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" refId="ref20733" refString="Nessov, L. A. [Nesov, L. A.] 1997. Melovye nemorskie pozvonocnye Severnoj Evrazii. (Posthumous edition by L. B. Golovneva and A. O. Averianov). 218 pp. University of Saint Petersburg, Institute of the Earth Crust, Saint Petersburg." type="book" year="1997">Nessov 1997</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 48: 4.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36965077672FF991835E333AA6AFB6B" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="368" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCC368C7672FF851835E333ACC3FDD4" blockId="13.[812,1486,410,703]" box="[812,1198,591,612]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">
<materialsCitation id="3B1B3CD17672FF851835E333ACC3FDD4" box="[812,1198,591,612]" collectionCode="CCMGE" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" specimenCode="CCMGE 12" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B907EA9E7672FF851835E333ABE9FDD4" box="[812,900,591,612]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">
<typeStatus id="54C8882E7672FF851835E333ABE9FDD4" box="[812,900,591,612]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCode id="DBD59EF77672FF851888E333AC6EFDD4" box="[913,1027,591,612]" collectionCode="CCMGE" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mbe3-x34x" name="Chernyshev Central Museum of Geological Explorations,Collections of the Department of Herpetology, Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">CCMGE 12</specimenCode>
/12176, right M3.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC368C7672FF851835E30EAB11FD0F" blockId="13.[812,1486,410,703]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">
<emphasis id="B907EA9E7672FF851835E30EAC45FD37" box="[812,1064,626,647]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Type locality and horizon</emphasis>
: CBI−4b, Dzharakuduk, Kyzylkum Desert,
<collectingCountry id="F364761C7672FF851835E3F2ABF6FD13" box="[812,923,654,675]" name="Uzbekistan" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Uzbekistan</collectingCountry>
. Bissekty Formation, Upper Cretaceous (Turonian). Found in 1980.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC368C7672FF861835E3AEAAFBF8FD" blockId="13.[812,1486,721,2026]" lastBlockId="14.[102,775,1103,1869]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="365" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">
<emphasis id="B907EA9E7672FF851835E3AEAC6AFD59" box="[812,1031,722,746]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Referred specimens</emphasis>
.—
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851F3EE3ADACE0FD5A" box="[1063,1165,721,746]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mbe3-x34x" name="Chernyshev Central Museum of Geological Explorations,Collections of the Department of Herpetology, Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">CCMGE</collectionCode>
19/12176, right P4 (CBI−4v);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851835E38DABE0FCBA" box="[812,909,753,778]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
99−104, right P4 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851FF8E38EAD7DFCB9" box="[1249,1296,754,777]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
82591, left M1 lacking paracone (CBI−14, 1998);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851FB1E26DAD64FC9A" box="[1192,1289,785,810]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
00−61, left dentary with i3?–4?, c, p1–2, 4 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851FC9E24DAD5CFCFA" box="[1232,1329,817,842]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
03−142, right dentary with p4 missing most of the crown, p5, m1, and alveoli for two−rooted c and p1–2 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851FFFE20DAD2AFC3A" box="[1254,1351,881,906]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
98−132, left m1 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF8518C9E2EDAC5CFC1A" box="[976,1073,913,938]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
98−141, left m1 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851E75E2EDADA0FC1A" box="[1388,1485,913,938]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
99−101, left m1 lacking paraconid, metaconid and hypoconulid (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851F19E2ADAC0CFC5A" box="[1024,1121,977,1002]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
98−128, right m1 lacking metaconid and hypoconulid (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851FABE28DAD7EFBBA" box="[1202,1299,1009,1034]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
98−129, left m1 trigonid (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851F00E56DAC17FB9A" box="[1049,1146,1041,1066]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
98−131, right m1 trigonid (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF8518BDE54DAC68FBFA" box="[932,1029,1073,1098]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
98−143, left m1 trigonid lacking protoconid (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF8518F7E52DAC22FBDA" box="[1006,1103,1105,1130]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
04−163, left dentary with m2–3, m1 lacking most of the crown, and alveoli for p5 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851835E5EEAB36FB19" box="[812,859,1170,1193]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
84971, right dentary with m2–3 talonids, m1 roots, and alveoli for c, p1–2, 4–5 (CBI−14, 1985);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851FE8E5CDAD3FFB7A" box="[1265,1362,1201,1226]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
03−94, left dentary with m2 and alveoli for p5, m1, and m3 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851835E58DABE0FABA" box="[812,909,1265,1290]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
04−170, right dentary with erupting m3 and posterior alveolus for m2 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851F89E46DAC9CFA9A" box="[1168,1265,1297,1322]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
02−22, left dentary with m
<quantity id="4C8B9B697672FF851899E44DABC1FAFA" box="[896,940,1329,1354]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
crypt and alveoli for m1–2 (CBI−4e);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851E75E44DADA0FAFA" box="[1388,1485,1329,1354]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
03−22, left dentary with m
<quantity id="4C8B9B697672FF851F72E42DACF7FADA" box="[1131,1178,1361,1386]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
crypt and alveoli for m2 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF8518B9E40EABA2FA39" box="[928,975,1394,1417]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
84970, left dentary with m3 talonid and posterior alveolus for c, double−rooted alveoli for p1–2, 3–4, m1–2, and anterior alveolus for m3 (CBI−14, 1980);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851E75E4CDADA0FA7A" box="[1388,1485,1457,1482]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
04−51, right dentary with m3 lacking trigonid and part of the coronoid process (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851F7AE48DACA9F9BA" box="[1123,1220,1521,1546]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
02−37, left dentary with m3 lacking most of the trigonid and alveoli for m1–2 (CBI−4e);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851887E74DAB92F9FA" box="[926,1023,1585,1610]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
04−21, left dentary with m3 lacking metaconid and alveoli for m2 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851FA0E72DAD77F9DA" box="[1209,1306,1617,1642]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
98−133, left m3 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF8518BBE70EABBCF939" box="[930,977,1650,1673]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
88440, right dentary with alveoli for p1–2, 4 (CBI−4a, 1989);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF8518F1E7EDAC24F91A" box="[1000,1097,1681,1706]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
03−140, right dentary with alveoli for p2, 4–5 and posterior alveolus for p1 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851E75E7CDADA0F97A" box="[1388,1485,1713,1738]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
02−39, left dentary with fragments of p4–5 and alveoli for m1–2 (CBI−4e);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF8518F5E78DAC20F8BA" box="[1004,1101,1777,1802]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
04−83, right dentary with alveoli for p4–5, m1–3 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851F70E66DACA7F89A" box="[1129,1226,1809,1834]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
03−201, right dentary with alveoli for p4–5, m1–2 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851FFBE64DAD2EF8FA" box="[1250,1347,1841,1866]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
04−210, left dentary with alveoli for p4–5, m1–2 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851E51E62EAD1AF8D9" box="[1352,1399,1874,1897]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
88439, left dentary with posterior alveolus for p5, alveoli for m1–3 and part of angular process (CBI−14, 1989);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851E04E6EDAD13F81A" box="[1309,1406,1937,1962]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
02−11, left dentary with alveoli for p5, m1–3 (CBI−4e);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497672FF851E75E6CDADA0F87A" box="[1388,1485,1969,1994]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">URBAC</collectionCode>
03−82, left dentary with alveoli for p5, m1–3 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861B7FE533A8AAFBD8" box="[102,199,1103,1128]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">URBAC</collectionCode>
97−12, left dentary with alveoli for m1–3 and parts of coronoid and angular processes (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861943E50CAAE4FB37" box="[602,649,1136,1159]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
88927, left dentary with alveoli for m1–3 and parts of coronoid and angular processes (CBI− uncertain locality);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF86195FE5CCAACAFB79" box="[582,679,1200,1225]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">URBAC</collectionCode>
03−149, left dentary with alveoli for m1–3 and part of angular process (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861BFDE58DA97EFAB8" box="[228,275,1265,1288]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
88960, left dentary with roots of m1–3 (CBI−14, 1987);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861A39E46CA9ECFA99" box="[288,385,1296,1321]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">URBAC</collectionCode>
00−58, left dentary with alveoli for m1–3 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861A35E44DA936FAF8" box="[300,347,1329,1352]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
88442, left dentary with alveoli for m1–3 (CBI−14, 1989);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861A7CE42EA9F9FAD9" box="[357,404,1362,1385]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
88487, right dentary with alveoli for m1–3 (CBI−4a, 1989);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861A8BE40DA99EFA3A" box="[402,499,1393,1418]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">URBAC</collectionCode>
02−31, left dentary with posterior alveolus for m1 and alveoli for m2–3 (CBI−4e);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861B7FE4CDA8AAFA7A" box="[102,199,1457,1482]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">URBAC</collectionCode>
00−38, right dentary with alveoli for m2 and erupting m3 (CBI−4e);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861A21E4AEA90AFA59" box="[312,359,1490,1513]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
88492, left dentary with alveoli for m2–3 (CBI−14, 1987);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861A72E48FA9F7F9BA" box="[363,410,1523,1546]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
88496, left dentary with alveoli for m2–3 (CBI−14, 1980);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861A8AE76EA999F99B" box="[403,500,1554,1579]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">URBAC</collectionCode>
04−78, left dentary with alveoli for m2–3 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861AA8E74EAA7FF9FB" box="[433,530,1586,1611]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">URBAC</collectionCode>
04−167, left dentary with alveoli for m2–3 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861AC8E72EAA5FF9DB" box="[465,562,1618,1643]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">URBAC</collectionCode>
04−216, left dentary with alveoli for m2–3 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861AF0E70FAA27F93C" box="[489,586,1651,1676]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">URBAC</collectionCode>
04−222, left dentary with alveoli for m2–3 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861918E7EFAA0FF91C" box="[513,610,1683,1708]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">URBAC</collectionCode>
03−1999, right dentary with alveoli for m2–3 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF86195BE7C8AA1CF97B" box="[578,625,1716,1739]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
88956, right dentary with alveoli for m1–3 (CBI−15, 1985);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF8619BFE7AFAB6AF95C" box="[678,775,1747,1772]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">URBAC</collectionCode>
98−144, left dentary with alveoli for m3 (CBI−14);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF8619BFE788AB6AF8BD" box="[678,775,1780,1805]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">URBAC</collectionCode>
02−42, left dentary with alveoli for m3 (CBI−4e);
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF8619BFE668AB6AF89D" box="[678,775,1812,1837]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">URBAC</collectionCode>
04−142, left dentary with alveoli for m3 (CBI−14).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0C66047671FF861B7FE2A8AABDFB90" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644147" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13644147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13644147/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" startId="14.[102,135,980,1000]" targetBox="[342,1248,228,953]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BCC368C7671FF861B7FE2A8AABDFB90" blockId="14.[102,1486,980,1060]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">
Fig. 8. Stereopairs of
<taxonomicName id="4C734D0F7671FF861A3FE2A8AA28FC58" authority="Nessov, 1985" authorityName="Nessov" authorityYear="1985" box="[294,581,980,1000]" class="Mammalia" family="Aegialodontidae" genus="Bulaklestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphitheriida" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kezbe">
<emphasis id="B907EA9E7671FF861A3FE2A8A9AEFC58" box="[294,451,980,1000]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">Bulaklestes kezbe</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B7D7671FF861AD1E2A9AA28FC58" author="Nessov, L. A. &amp; Nesov, L. A." box="[456,581,980,1000]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" pagination="8 - 18" refId="ref20554" refString="Nessov, L. A. [Nesov, L. A.] 1985. New mammals from the Cretaceous of Kyzylkum [in Russian]. Vestnik Leningradskogo Universiteta, Seria 7, 17: 8 - 18." type="journal article" year="1985">Nessov, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian).
<emphasis id="B907EA9E7671FF861F5CE2A8AC38FC58" bold="true" box="[1093,1109,980,1000]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">A</emphasis>
. 1985. CCMGE 19/12176, right P4; in labial (A
<subScript id="17F734C97671FF861BBFE286A8C3FBB8" attach="right" box="[166,174,1018,1032]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">1</subScript>
) and occlusal (A
<subScript id="17F734C97671FF861A53E286A93FFBB8" attach="right" box="[330,338,1018,1032]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">2</subScript>
) views.
<emphasis id="B907EA9E7671FF861AB9E28CA9C2FBB3" bold="true" box="[416,431,1008,1027]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">B</emphasis>
. ZIN 82591, left M1 lacking paracone; in occlusal (B
<subScript id="17F734C97671FF861883E286ABCFFBB8" attach="left" box="[922,930,1018,1032]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">1</subScript>
), labial (B
<subScript id="17F734C97671FF861F1DE286AC61FBB8" attach="left" box="[1028,1036,1018,1032]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">2</subScript>
), and anterior (B
<subScript id="17F734C97671FF861FB0E286ACDCFBB8" attach="left" box="[1193,1201,1018,1032]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">3</subScript>
) views.
<emphasis id="B907EA9E7671FF861FE6E28CAD62FBB4" bold="true" box="[1279,1295,1008,1028]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">C</emphasis>
. CCMGE 12/12176, type, right M3; in occlusal (C
<subScript id="17F734C97671FF861A6BE56AA917FB94" attach="left" box="[370,378,1046,1060]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">1</subScript>
), labial (C
<subScript id="17F734C97671FF861AC2E56AA98EFB94" attach="left" box="[475,483,1046,1060]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">2</subScript>
), and anterior (C
<subScript id="17F734C97671FF861966E56AAAEAFB94" attach="left" box="[639,647,1046,1060]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">3</subScript>
) views.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCC368C7671FF861B7FE618A9D7F8CC" blockId="14.[102,442,1891,1916]" box="[102,442,1891,1916]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">
<emphasis id="B907EA9E7671FF861B7FE618A8B5F8CB" box="[102,216,1892,1915]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">Diagnosis</emphasis>
.—As for the genus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC368C7671FF861B7FE6EFAD2EFAF8" blockId="14.[102,775,1937,2026]" lastBlockId="14.[812,1485,1103,2029]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">
<emphasis id="B907EA9E7671FF861B7FE6EFA88AF81A" box="[102,231,1939,1962]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">Description</emphasis>
.—There are two P4s referred to this species. They differ slightly in size, but are similar in morphology. The crown is very high, with the apex canted slightly posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="13482A097671FF86182DE533ABE0FBD8" box="[820,909,1103,1128]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[102,135,980,1000]" captionTargetBox="[342,1248,228,953]" captionTargetId="figure-557@14.[339,1249,225,943]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 8. Stereopairs of Bulaklestes kezbe Nessov, 1985; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian). A. 1985. CCMGE 19/12176, right P4; in labial (A1) and occlusal (A2) views. B. ZIN 82591, left M1 lacking paracone; in occlusal (B1), labial (B2), and anterior (B3) views. C. CCMGE 12/12176, type, right M3; in occlusal (C1), labial (C2), and anterior (C3) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13644147/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
). The faint anterior and posterior crests extend from the apex toward the anterior and posterior basal cusps respectively. The posterior crest possesses a distinct swelling. The labial side of the single, large cusp is gently concave. On the lingual side there is a swelling in the middle of the crown, which is not complete on either specimen. This swelling possibly was supported by a small separate (third) root, but this is not certain. There is a faint posterolingual cingulum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC368C7671FF86184BE42DADC6FA79" blockId="14.[812,1485,1103,2029]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">
Except in size, M1 differs from M1s in
<taxonomicName id="4C734D0F7671FF861E15E42DADA0FAD8" baseAuthorityName="Nessov" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[1292,1485,1360,1384]" class="Mammalia" family="Aegialodontidae" genus="Daulestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aegialodontia" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inobservabilis">
<emphasis id="B907EA9E7671FF861E15E42DADA0FAD8" box="[1292,1485,1360,1384]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">D. inobservabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having a relatively larger parastyle (also pronounced in M3) and a thickened, cusp−like crest between the stylocone and parastyle. There are no pre− or postcingula (
<figureCitation id="13482A097671FF861E5CE4CCADF0FA79" box="[1349,1437,1456,1481]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[102,135,980,1000]" captionTargetBox="[342,1248,228,953]" captionTargetId="figure-557@14.[339,1249,225,943]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 8. Stereopairs of Bulaklestes kezbe Nessov, 1985; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian). A. 1985. CCMGE 19/12176, right P4; in labial (A1) and occlusal (A2) views. B. ZIN 82591, left M1 lacking paracone; in occlusal (B1), labial (B2), and anterior (B3) views. C. CCMGE 12/12176, type, right M3; in occlusal (C1), labial (C2), and anterior (C3) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13644147/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC368C7671FF86184BE4ADABB3F9FA" blockId="14.[812,1485,1103,2029]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">
For a description of M3 see the description of
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861E70E4ADADA0FA5A" box="[1385,1485,1489,1514]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mbe3-x34x" name="Chernyshev Central Museum of Geological Explorations,Collections of the Department of Herpetology, Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">CCMGE</collectionCode>
12/
<quantity id="4C8B9B697671FF861856E48DABDEF9BA" box="[847,947,1521,1546]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.092704" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" unit="in" value="12176.0">12176 in</quantity>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B7D7671FF8618A3E48DAC9FF9BA" author="Nessov, L. A. &amp; Sigogneau-Russell, D. &amp; Russell, D. E." box="[954,1266,1521,1546]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" pagination="51 - 92" refId="ref20957" refString="Nessov, L. A., Sigogneau-Russell, D., and Russell, D. E. 1994. A survey of Cretaceous tribosphenic mammals from middle Asia (Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Tajikistan), of their geological setting, age and faunal environment. Palaeovertebrata 23: 51 - 92." type="journal article" year="1994">Nessov et al. (1994: 64–65)</bibRefCitation>
, here shown in
<figureCitation id="13482A097671FF861EB8E48DAB3DF99A" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[102,135,980,1000]" captionTargetBox="[342,1248,228,953]" captionTargetId="figure-557@14.[339,1249,225,943]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 8. Stereopairs of Bulaklestes kezbe Nessov, 1985; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian). A. 1985. CCMGE 19/12176, right P4; in labial (A1) and occlusal (A2) views. B. ZIN 82591, left M1 lacking paracone; in occlusal (B1), labial (B2), and anterior (B3) views. C. CCMGE 12/12176, type, right M3; in occlusal (C1), labial (C2), and anterior (C3) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13644147/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
. This tooth has some very faint swellings in the postcingular region.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC368C7671FF86184BE72DAC8AF85A" blockId="14.[812,1485,1103,2029]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">
The dentary symphysis terminates below p1 or p2 (
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF86182DE70DABFBF93A" box="[820,918,1649,1674]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">URBAC</collectionCode>
00−61,
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF8618EDE70DAC38F93A" box="[1012,1109,1649,1674]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">URBAC</collectionCode>
03−142,
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861FD9E70EAC82F939" box="[1216,1263,1650,1673]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
84971) (
<figureCitation id="13482A097671FF861E42E70DADD9F93A" box="[1371,1460,1649,1674]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[102,135,1853,1873]" captionTargetBox="[290,1296,229,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-44@15.[290,1296,225,1826]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 9. Stereopairs of Bulaklestes kezbe Nessov, 1985; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian). A. URBAC 03−142, right dentary with p4 missing most of the crown, p5, m1, and alveoli for two−rooted c and p1–2 (p4–5, m1 shown), in occlusal (A1), labial (A2), and lingual (A3) views. B. URBAC 00−61, left dentary with i3?–4?, c, p1–2, 4, in occlusal (B1), labial (B2), and lingual (B3) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13644149/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13482A097671FF861EAAE701ADD1F93D" box="[1459,1468,1661,1677]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[102,135,1552,1572]" captionTargetBox="[321,1258,226,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-215@7.[321,1267,225,1520]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. Stereopairs of Daulestes inobservabilis (Nessov, 1982); Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian). A. URBAC 98−146, right P4 missing small part of anterior margin, in labial (A1) and occlusal (A2) views. B. URBAC 02−91, P5 and M1 from right maxilla with P5, M1, and alveoli for P4 and M2–3, in labial (B1), occlusal (B2), and lingual (B3) views. C. URBAC 98−140, left M2, in occlusal (C1), labial (C2), and anterior (C3) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13644137/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">
<subScript id="17F734C97671FF861EAAE701ADD1F93D" attach="left" box="[1459,1468,1661,1677]" fontSize="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">3</subScript>
</figureCitation>
). There are two anterior mental foramina. The first is below i4? (
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF86182DE7CDABFBF97A" box="[820,918,1713,1738]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">URBAC</collectionCode>
00−61), while the second is below the anterior root of p1 (
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF86186DE7ADABC9F95A" box="[884,932,1745,1770]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
84970, 84971), the posterior root of p1 (
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861E73E7ADADA1F95A" box="[1386,1484,1745,1770]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">URBAC</collectionCode>
00−61), or between c and p1 (
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861F9CE78DAC8AF8BA" box="[1157,1255,1777,1802]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">URBAC</collectionCode>
03−142) (
<figureCitation id="13482A097671FF861E45E78DADD9F8BA" box="[1372,1460,1777,1802]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[102,135,1853,1873]" captionTargetBox="[290,1296,229,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-44@15.[290,1296,225,1826]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 9. Stereopairs of Bulaklestes kezbe Nessov, 1985; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian). A. URBAC 03−142, right dentary with p4 missing most of the crown, p5, m1, and alveoli for two−rooted c and p1–2 (p4–5, m1 shown), in occlusal (A1), labial (A2), and lingual (A3) views. B. URBAC 00−61, left dentary with i3?–4?, c, p1–2, 4, in occlusal (B1), labial (B2), and lingual (B3) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13644149/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13482A097671FF861EAAE781ADD1F8BD" box="[1459,1468,1789,1805]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[102,135,1919,1939]" captionText="Fig. 2. Stereopairs of Daulestes kulbeckensis Trofimov and Nessov, 1979; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian). A. CCMGE 1/11758, type, right dentary with partial alveolus for posterior root of two rooted canine, two alveoli for p1, partial anterior and posterior roots for p2, p4 lacking protoconid apex, p5 lacking protoconid apex, m1 lacking para− and metaconid apices, anterior alveolus for m2, in occlusal (A1), labial (A2), and lingual (A3) views. B. URBAC 03−85, right dentary with m1–2, m3 trigonid partially erupted, and alveoli for p5, in occlusal (B1), labial (B2), and lingual (B3) views." pageId="14" pageNumber="365">
<subScript id="17F734C97671FF861EAAE781ADD1F8BD" attach="left" box="[1459,1468,1789,1805]" fontSize="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">2</subScript>
</figureCitation>
). The posterior mental foramen is below the anterior root of p5 (
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF86182DE64DAB09F8FA" box="[820,868,1841,1866]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
84970, 84971,
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861F00E64DAC17F8FA" box="[1049,1146,1841,1866]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">URBAC</collectionCode>
02−11, 02−39, 03−94, 03−142, 04−210), or the middle of this tooth (
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861FAEE62DAD74F8DA" box="[1207,1305,1873,1898]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">URBAC</collectionCode>
03−82,
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861E75E62DADA0F8DA" box="[1388,1485,1873,1898]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">URBAC</collectionCode>
03−142) (
<figureCitation id="13482A097671FF86188CE60DAB81F83A" box="[917,1004,1905,1930]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[102,135,1853,1873]" captionTargetBox="[290,1296,229,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-44@15.[290,1296,225,1826]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 9. Stereopairs of Bulaklestes kezbe Nessov, 1985; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian). A. URBAC 03−142, right dentary with p4 missing most of the crown, p5, m1, and alveoli for two−rooted c and p1–2 (p4–5, m1 shown), in occlusal (A1), labial (A2), and lingual (A3) views. B. URBAC 00−61, left dentary with i3?–4?, c, p1–2, 4, in occlusal (B1), labial (B2), and lingual (B3) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13644149/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13482A097671FF8618F5E601AB98F83D" box="[1004,1013,1917,1933]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[102,135,1919,1939]" captionText="Fig. 2. Stereopairs of Daulestes kulbeckensis Trofimov and Nessov, 1979; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian). A. CCMGE 1/11758, type, right dentary with partial alveolus for posterior root of two rooted canine, two alveoli for p1, partial anterior and posterior roots for p2, p4 lacking protoconid apex, p5 lacking protoconid apex, m1 lacking para− and metaconid apices, anterior alveolus for m2, in occlusal (A1), labial (A2), and lingual (A3) views. B. URBAC 03−85, right dentary with m1–2, m3 trigonid partially erupted, and alveoli for p5, in occlusal (B1), labial (B2), and lingual (B3) views." pageId="14" pageNumber="365">
<subScript id="17F734C97671FF8618F5E601AB98F83D" attach="left" box="[1004,1013,1917,1933]" fontSize="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">2</subScript>
</figureCitation>
). In
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861F35E60EAC36F839" box="[1068,1115,1906,1929]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
84971 there is a smaller, second posterior mental foramen below the posterior root of p5. The depth of the dentary increases markedly with age (deepest in
<collectionCode id="ED62AE497671FF861835E6ADABE0F85A" box="[812,909,2001,2026]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">URBAC</collectionCode>
04−163 at
<quantity id="4C8B9B697671FF861F1CE6ADAC30F859" box="[1029,1117,2001,2026]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="2.7">2.7 mm</quantity>
,
<figureCitation id="13482A097671FF861F70E6ADACA1F85A" box="[1129,1228,2001,2026]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[102,135,1478,1498]" captionTargetBox="[285,1298,225,1449]" captionTargetId="figure-249@16.[284,1303,225,1450]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 10. Stereopairs of Bulaklestes kezbe Nessov, 1985; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian). A. URBAC 98−141, left m1, in lingual (A1) and occlusal (A2) views. B. URBAC 03−94, m2 from left dentary with m2 and alveoli for p5, m1, and m3, in lingual (B1) and occlusal (B2) views. C. URBAC 04−170, erupting m3 from right dentary with erupting m3 and posterior alveolus for m2; occlusal. D. URBAC 04−163, left dentary with m2–3, m1 lacking most of the crown, and alveoli for p5, in lingual (D1) and occlusal (D2) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644151" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13644151/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">Fig. 10D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13482A097671FF861FD7E6A1ACBAF85D" box="[1230,1239,2013,2029]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[102,134,1163,1183]" captionTargetBox="[269,1313,228,1135]" captionTargetId="figure-409@2.[269,1319,225,1136]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Stereopairs of Daulestes kulbeckensis Trofimov and Nessov, 1979; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian). A. URBAC 98−126, probably associated lingual and labial parts of a left M1 in, occlusal (A1), labial (A2), and anterior (A3) views. B. URBAC 98−127, a right M2 lacking the metacone, in occlusal (B1), labial (B2), and anterior (B3) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644135" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13644135/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">
<subScript id="17F734C97671FF861FD7E6A1ACBAF85D" attach="right" box="[1230,1239,2013,2029]" fontSize="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">1</subScript>
</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0C66047670FF871B7FE641AC5FF839" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644149" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13644149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13644149/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="366" startId="15.[102,135,1853,1873]" targetBox="[290,1296,229,1825]" targetPageId="15" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BCC368C7670FF871B7FE641AC5FF839" blockId="15.[102,1486,1853,1933]" pageId="15" pageNumber="366">
Fig. 9. Stereopairs of
<taxonomicName id="4C734D0F7670FF871A33E641AA20F8E1" authority="Nessov, 1985" authorityName="Nessov" authorityYear="1985" box="[298,589,1853,1873]" class="Mammalia" family="Aegialodontidae" genus="Bulaklestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphitheriida" pageId="15" pageNumber="366" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kezbe">
<emphasis id="B907EA9E7670FF871A33E641A9A4F8E1" box="[298,457,1853,1873]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="366">Bulaklestes kezbe</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B7D7670FF871AD6E642AA20F8E1" author="Nessov, L. A. &amp; Nesov, L. A." box="[463,589,1853,1873]" pageId="15" pageNumber="366" pagination="8 - 18" refId="ref20554" refString="Nessov, L. A. [Nesov, L. A.] 1985. New mammals from the Cretaceous of Kyzylkum [in Russian]. Vestnik Leningradskogo Universiteta, Seria 7, 17: 8 - 18." type="journal article" year="1985">Nessov, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian).
<emphasis id="B907EA9E7670FF871F4AE641AC0EF8E1" bold="true" box="[1107,1123,1853,1873]" pageId="15" pageNumber="366">A</emphasis>
. URBAC 03−142, right dentary with p4 missing most of the crown, p5, m1, and alveoli for two−rooted c and p1–2 (p4–5, m1 shown), in occlusal (A
<subScript id="17F734C97670FF871F7FE61FAC03F8C1" attach="left" box="[1126,1134,1891,1905]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="366">1</subScript>
), labial (A
<subScript id="17F734C97670FF871FCFE61FACB3F8C1" attach="right" box="[1238,1246,1891,1905]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="366">2</subScript>
), and lingual (A
<subScript id="17F734C97670FF871E62E61FADEEF8C1" attach="right" box="[1403,1411,1891,1905]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="366">3</subScript>
) views.
<emphasis id="B907EA9E7670FF871B7FE60AA818F839" bold="true" box="[102,117,1910,1929]" pageId="15" pageNumber="366">B</emphasis>
. URBAC 00−61, left dentary with i3?–4?, c, p1–2, 4, in occlusal (B
<subScript id="17F734C97670FF8719C2E603AA8EF83D" attach="left" box="[731,739,1919,1933]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="366">1</subScript>
), labial (B
<subScript id="17F734C97670FF87185DE603AB21F83D" attach="left" box="[836,844,1919,1933]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="366">2</subScript>
), and lingual (B
<subScript id="17F734C97670FF8718F8E603AB84F83D" attach="left" box="[993,1001,1919,1933]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="366">3</subScript>
) views.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCC368C7670FF981B95E6CDA8A6F8F8" blockId="15.[102,775,1969,2026]" lastBlockId="16.[102,775,1644,2026]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="367" pageId="15" pageNumber="366">
<materialsCitation id="3B1B3CD17670FF981B95E6CDA8AAF8F8" collectionCode="ZIN, URBAC" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="367" pageId="15" pageNumber="366" specimenCode="ZIN 88439, URBAC 97-12, URBAC 04-83" specimenCount="32">
A single larger mandibular foramen or several smaller masseteric foramina are present. In
<specimenCode id="DBD59EF77670FF871908E6AEAAF8F85A" box="[529,661,2001,2026]" collectionCode="ZIN" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="15" pageNumber="366" type="Museum">ZIN 88439</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DBD59EF77670FF8719BFE6ADAB1CF87A" box="[678,881,1969,2026]" collectionCode="URBAC" pageId="15" pageNumber="366">URBAC 97−12</specimenCode>
, and 03−149 the base of the mandibular angle and the mandibular foramen are preserved, which are similar to those in
<taxonomicName id="4C734D0F766FFF981B9DE710A9E5F934" baseAuthorityName="McKenna, Kielan-Jaworowska, and Meng" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[132,392,1644,1668]" class="Mammalia" family="Asioryctidae" genus="Uchkudukodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Asioryctitheria" pageId="16" pageNumber="367" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nessovi">
<emphasis id="B907EA9E766FFF981B9DE710A9E5F934" box="[132,392,1644,1668]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">Uchkudukodon nessovi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The angle is somewhat inflected medially. On the medial side of the coronoid process on
<specimenCode id="DBD59EF7766FFF9819C1E7F1A8C1F976" collectionCode="ZIN" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="16" pageNumber="367" type="Museum">ZIN 88439</specimenCode>
and
<specimenCode id="DBD59EF7766FFF981BFCE7D1A9FEF976" box="[229,403,1709,1734]" collectionCode="URBAC" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">URBAC 04−83</specimenCode>
, there is a subhorizontal line delimiting the ventral border for the temporalis muscle. Only three of
<specimenCount id="9D75FD05766FFF981BDCE792A932F8B7" box="[197,351,1774,1799]" count="32" pageId="16" pageNumber="367" type="generic">32 specimens</specimenCount>
that preserve the posterior portion of the dentary come from individuals with m
<quantity id="4C8B9B69766FFF981924E672AA0BF897" box="[573,614,1806,1831]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="16" pageNumber="367" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
some stage of eruption
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0C6604766FFF981B7FE4BAABF7F99E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644151" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13644151" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13644151/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="367" startId="16.[102,135,1478,1498]" targetBox="[285,1298,225,1449]" targetPageId="16" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BCC368C766FFF981B7FE4BAABF7F99E" blockId="16.[102,1486,1477,1585]" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">
Fig. 10. Stereopairs of
<taxonomicName id="4C734D0F766FFF981A29E4BAAA23FA6A" authority="Nessov, 1985" authorityName="Nessov" authorityYear="1985" box="[304,590,1478,1498]" class="Mammalia" family="Aegialodontidae" genus="Bulaklestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphitheriida" pageId="16" pageNumber="367" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kezbe">
<emphasis id="B907EA9E766FFF981A29E4BAA9A0FA6A" box="[304,461,1478,1498]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">Bulaklestes kezbe</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B7D766FFF981ACBE4BBAA23FA6A" author="Nessov, L. A. &amp; Nesov, L. A." box="[466,590,1478,1498]" pageId="16" pageNumber="367" pagination="8 - 18" refId="ref20554" refString="Nessov, L. A. [Nesov, L. A.] 1985. New mammals from the Cretaceous of Kyzylkum [in Russian]. Vestnik Leningradskogo Universiteta, Seria 7, 17: 8 - 18." type="journal article" year="1985">Nessov, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian).
<emphasis id="B907EA9E766FFF981F55E4B9AC31FA69" bold="true" box="[1100,1116,1477,1497]" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">A</emphasis>
. URBAC 98−141, left m1, in lingual (A
<subScript id="17F734C9766FFF981EA4E4B3ADA8FA6D" attach="left" box="[1469,1477,1487,1501]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">1</subScript>
) and occlusal (A
<subScript id="17F734C9766FFF981BE1E497A96DFA49" attach="left" box="[248,256,1515,1529]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">2</subScript>
) views.
<emphasis id="B907EA9E766FFF981A4AE49EA90FFA45" bold="true" box="[339,354,1506,1525]" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">B</emphasis>
. URBAC 03−94, m2 from left dentary with m2 and alveoli for p5, m1, and m3, in lingual (B
<subScript id="17F734C9766FFF981FCBE497ACB7FA49" attach="left" box="[1234,1242,1515,1529]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">1</subScript>
) and occlusal (B
<subScript id="17F734C9766FFF981E62E497ADEEFA49" attach="left" box="[1403,1411,1515,1529]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">2</subScript>
) views.
<emphasis id="B907EA9E766FFF981B7FE481A81BF9A1" bold="true" box="[102,118,1533,1553]" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">C</emphasis>
. URBAC 04−170, erupting m3 from right dentary with erupting m3 and posterior alveolus for m2; occlusal.
<emphasis id="B907EA9E766FFF981F58E482AC3CF9A1" bold="true" box="[1089,1105,1534,1553]" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">D</emphasis>
. URBAC 04−163, left dentary with m2–3, m1 lacking most of the crown, and alveoli for p5, in lingual (D
<subScript id="17F734C9766FFF9819B9E75FAAC5F981" attach="right" box="[672,680,1571,1585]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">1</subScript>
) and occlusal (D
<subScript id="17F734C9766FFF981850E75FAB3CF981" attach="left" box="[841,849,1571,1585]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">2</subScript>
) views.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCC368C766FFF981B95E62DAC1FF975" blockId="16.[102,775,1644,2026]" lastBlockId="16.[812,1486,1644,2026]" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">
What we here identify as i3 and i4 (known only in
<collectionCode id="ED62AE49766FFF9819BEE62DAB6AF8DA" box="[679,775,1873,1898]" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">URBAC</collectionCode>
00−61) are slightly procumbent (
<figureCitation id="13482A09766FFF981AD3E60DAA4DF83A" box="[458,544,1905,1930]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[102,135,1853,1873]" captionTargetBox="[290,1296,229,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-44@15.[290,1296,225,1826]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 9. Stereopairs of Bulaklestes kezbe Nessov, 1985; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian). A. URBAC 03−142, right dentary with p4 missing most of the crown, p5, m1, and alveoli for two−rooted c and p1–2 (p4–5, m1 shown), in occlusal (A1), labial (A2), and lingual (A3) views. B. URBAC 00−61, left dentary with i3?–4?, c, p1–2, 4, in occlusal (B1), labial (B2), and lingual (B3) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13644149/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
). The presumed i4 is less than half the size of the presumed i3, but both have similar crown construction. The crown is anteroposteriorly expanded, with a single cusp and short anterior and longer keels, and a lingual cingulid, which is more pronounced on the presumed i3. In
<collectionCode id="ED62AE49766FFF98186AE7F0ABBEF915" box="[883,979,1676,1701]" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">URBAC</collectionCode>
00−61, the presumed i4 is displaced labially compared to the presumed i3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC368C766FFF98184BE7B3ADD3F8B8" blockId="16.[812,1486,1644,2026]" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">
The lower canine is double−rooted and higher than the presumed i3. There is a very faint posterior cusp (
<figureCitation id="13482A09766FFF981E40E793ADDFF8B8" box="[1369,1458,1775,1800]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[102,135,1853,1873]" captionTargetBox="[290,1296,229,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-44@15.[290,1296,225,1826]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 9. Stereopairs of Bulaklestes kezbe Nessov, 1985; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian). A. URBAC 03−142, right dentary with p4 missing most of the crown, p5, m1, and alveoli for two−rooted c and p1–2 (p4–5, m1 shown), in occlusal (A1), labial (A2), and lingual (A3) views. B. URBAC 00−61, left dentary with i3?–4?, c, p1–2, 4, in occlusal (B1), labial (B2), and lingual (B3) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13644149/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC368C766FFF99184BE66DAA2DFBBF" blockId="16.[812,1486,1644,2026]" lastBlockId="17.[102,775,886,1200]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="368" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">
The p1–2 and 4 are double−rooted and similar in structure, gradually increasing in size posteriorly (
<collectionCode id="ED62AE49766FFF981FFBE64DAD2EF8FA" box="[1250,1347,1841,1866]" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">URBAC</collectionCode>
00−61) (
<figureCitation id="13482A09766FFF981EB8E64DAB22F8DA" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[102,135,1853,1873]" captionTargetBox="[290,1296,229,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-44@15.[290,1296,225,1826]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 9. Stereopairs of Bulaklestes kezbe Nessov, 1985; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian). A. URBAC 03−142, right dentary with p4 missing most of the crown, p5, m1, and alveoli for two−rooted c and p1–2 (p4–5, m1 shown), in occlusal (A1), labial (A2), and lingual (A3) views. B. URBAC 00−61, left dentary with i3?–4?, c, p1–2, 4, in occlusal (B1), labial (B2), and lingual (B3) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13644149/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
). The same is characteristic for other specimens. There is no paraconid and the talonid cusp is small on p1–2 and 4 of
<collectionCode id="ED62AE49766FFF981835E6EDABE1F81A" box="[812,908,1937,1962]" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">URBAC</collectionCode>
00−61, while p
<quantity id="4C8B9B69766FFF981F5DE6EDAC1EF81A" box="[1092,1139,1937,1962]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="16" pageNumber="367" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED62AE49766FFF981F99E6EDAC8DF81A" box="[1152,1248,1937,1962]" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">URBAC</collectionCode>
03−142 has a small paraconid (
<figureCitation id="13482A09766FFF9818B1E6CDAB93F87A" box="[936,1022,1969,1994]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[102,135,1853,1873]" captionTargetBox="[290,1296,229,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-44@15.[290,1296,225,1826]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 9. Stereopairs of Bulaklestes kezbe Nessov, 1985; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian). A. URBAC 03−142, right dentary with p4 missing most of the crown, p5, m1, and alveoli for two−rooted c and p1–2 (p4–5, m1 shown), in occlusal (A1), labial (A2), and lingual (A3) views. B. URBAC 00−61, left dentary with i3?–4?, c, p1–2, 4, in occlusal (B1), labial (B2), and lingual (B3) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13644149/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13482A09766FFF9818E7E6C1AC6AF87D" box="[1022,1031,1981,1997]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[102,134,1163,1183]" captionTargetBox="[269,1313,228,1135]" captionTargetId="figure-409@2.[269,1319,225,1136]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Stereopairs of Daulestes kulbeckensis Trofimov and Nessov, 1979; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian). A. URBAC 98−126, probably associated lingual and labial parts of a left M1 in, occlusal (A1), labial (A2), and anterior (A3) views. B. URBAC 98−127, a right M2 lacking the metacone, in occlusal (B1), labial (B2), and anterior (B3) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644135" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13644135/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">
<subScript id="17F734C9766FFF9818E7E6C1AC6AF87D" attach="left" box="[1022,1031,1981,1997]" fontSize="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="367">1</subScript>
</figureCitation>
). The p4 is similar in height to the lower canine. In p5 the paraconid is much larger and there is a distinct anterolingual cingulid (
<collectionCode id="ED62AE49766EFF991AB5E20AAA60FC3F" box="[428,525,886,911]" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">URBAC</collectionCode>
03−142). The talonid cusp is similar to the paraconid in size, but positioned higher on the crown. The very short and narrow talonid occupies only the lingual side of the crown, not extending as far labially as the anterior portion of the crown (
<figureCitation id="13482A09766EFF991AC3E28AAA5EFBBF" box="[474,563,1014,1039]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[102,135,1853,1873]" captionTargetBox="[290,1296,229,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-44@15.[290,1296,225,1826]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 9. Stereopairs of Bulaklestes kezbe Nessov, 1985; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian). A. URBAC 03−142, right dentary with p4 missing most of the crown, p5, m1, and alveoli for two−rooted c and p1–2 (p4–5, m1 shown), in occlusal (A1), labial (A2), and lingual (A3) views. B. URBAC 00−61, left dentary with i3?–4?, c, p1–2, 4, in occlusal (B1), labial (B2), and lingual (B3) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13644149/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0C6604766EFF991B7FE3C1AB05FCF1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644153" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13644153" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13644153/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368" startId="17.[102,135,701,721]" targetBox="[287,1301,228,673]" targetPageId="17" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BCC368C766EFF991B7FE3C1AB05FCF1" blockId="17.[102,1486,701,834]" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">
Fig. 11. Stereopairs of composite occlusal views of M1’s and M2’s. All specimens from Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian).
<emphasis id="B907EA9E766EFF991B7FE3A5A81BFD5D" bold="true" box="[102,118,729,749]" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">A</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C734D0F766EFF991B9CE3A6AB56FD5D" authority="(McKenna, Kielan-Jaworowska, and Meng, 2000)" baseAuthorityName="McKenna, Kielan-Jaworowska, and Meng" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[133,827,729,750]" class="Mammalia" family="Asioryctidae" genus="Uchkudukodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Asioryctitheria" pageId="17" pageNumber="368" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nessovi">
<emphasis id="B907EA9E766EFF991B9CE3A6A936FD5D" box="[133,347,730,750]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Uchkudukodon nessovi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B7D766EFF991A72E3A5AB58FD5D" author="McKenna, M. C. &amp; Kielan-Jaworowska, Z. &amp; Meng, J." box="[363,821,729,749]" pageId="17" pageNumber="368" pagination="1 - 54" refId="ref20392" refString="McKenna, M. C., Kielan-Jaworowska, Z., and Meng, J. 2000. Earliest eutherian mammal skull, from the Late Cretaceous (Coniacian) of Uzbekistan. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 45: 1 - 54." type="journal article" year="2000">McKenna, Kielan−Jaworowska, and Meng, 2000</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(URBAC 98−124, left M1 reversed and URBAC 03−213, right M2).
<emphasis id="B907EA9E766EFF991B7FE38AA818FCB9" bold="true" box="[102,117,758,777]" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">B</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C734D0F766EFF991B99E38AAA38FCB9" authority="Trofimov and Nessov, 1979" authorityName="Trofimov and Nessov" authorityYear="1979" box="[128,597,757,778]" class="Mammalia" family="Aegialodontidae" genus="Daulestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aegialodontia" pageId="17" pageNumber="368" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kulbeckensis">
<emphasis id="B907EA9E766EFF991B99E38AA93CFCBA" box="[128,337,758,778]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Daulestes kulbeckensis</emphasis>
Trofimov and
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B7D766EFF991AC3E38AAA38FCB9" author="Nessov, L. A. &amp; Nesov, L. A. &amp; Trofimov, B. A." box="[474,597,757,777]" pageId="17" pageNumber="368" pagination="952 - 954" refId="ref20859" refString="Nessov, L. A. [Nesov, L. A.] and Trofimov, B. A. 1979. The oldest insectivore of the Cretaceous of the Uzbek SSR [in Russian]. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR 247: 952 - 954." type="journal article" year="1979">Nessov, 1979</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(URBAC 98−126, probably associated lingual and labial parts of a left M1, reversed and URBAC 98−127, a right M2 lacking the metacone).
<emphasis id="B907EA9E766EFF991AFCE26DA998FC95" bold="true" box="[485,501,785,805]" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">C</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C734D0F766EFF991918E26EAB00FC95" authority="(Nessov, 1982)" baseAuthorityName="Nessov" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[513,877,785,806]" class="Mammalia" family="Aegialodontidae" genus="Daulestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aegialodontia" pageId="17" pageNumber="368" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inobservabilis">
<emphasis id="B907EA9E766EFF991918E26EAAB2FC96" box="[513,735,786,806]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Daulestes inobservabilis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B7D766EFF9919F3E26DAB0AFC95" author="Nessov, L. A. &amp; Nesov, L. A." box="[746,871,785,805]" pageId="17" pageNumber="368" pagination="228 - 242" refId="ref20474" refString="Nessov, L. A. [Nesov, L. A.] 1982. The most ancient mammals of the USSR [in Russian]. Ezegodnik Vsesoyuznogo Paleontologiceskogo Obsestva 25: 228 - 242." type="journal article" year="1982">Nessov, 1982</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(URBAC 02−91, right M1 and URBAC 98−140, left M2, reversed).
<emphasis id="B907EA9E766EFF991B7FE252A81BFCF1" bold="true" box="[102,118,814,833]" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">D</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C734D0F766EFF991B9BE252A9CCFCF1" authority="Nessov, 1985" authorityName="Nessov" authorityYear="1985" box="[130,417,813,834]" class="Mammalia" family="Aegialodontidae" genus="Bulaklestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphitheriida" pageId="17" pageNumber="368" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kezbe">
<emphasis id="B907EA9E766EFF991B9BE252A94DFCF2" box="[130,288,814,834]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Bulaklestes kezbe</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B7D766EFF991A3FE252A9CCFCF1" author="Nessov, L. A. &amp; Nesov, L. A." box="[294,417,813,833]" pageId="17" pageNumber="368" pagination="8 - 18" refId="ref20554" refString="Nessov, L. A. [Nesov, L. A.] 1985. New mammals from the Cretaceous of Kyzylkum [in Russian]. Vestnik Leningradskogo Universiteta, Seria 7, 17: 8 - 18." type="journal article" year="1985">Nessov, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(ZIN 82591, left M1 lacking paracone, reversed).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCC368C766EFF991B95E564A903FB00" blockId="17.[102,775,886,1200]" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">
Lower molars (
<figureCitation id="13482A09766EFF991A58E56BA9F9FB80" box="[321,404,1047,1072]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[102,135,1853,1873]" captionTargetBox="[290,1296,229,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-44@15.[290,1296,225,1826]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 9. Stereopairs of Bulaklestes kezbe Nessov, 1985; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian). A. URBAC 03−142, right dentary with p4 missing most of the crown, p5, m1, and alveoli for two−rooted c and p1–2 (p4–5, m1 shown), in occlusal (A1), labial (A2), and lingual (A3) views. B. URBAC 00−61, left dentary with i3?–4?, c, p1–2, 4, in occlusal (B1), labial (B2), and lingual (B3) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13644149/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Figs. 9</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13482A09766EFF991ABFE56BA9AFFB80" box="[422,450,1047,1072]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[102,135,1478,1498]" captionTargetBox="[285,1298,225,1449]" captionTargetId="figure-249@16.[284,1303,225,1450]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 10. Stereopairs of Bulaklestes kezbe Nessov, 1985; Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian). A. URBAC 98−141, left m1, in lingual (A1) and occlusal (A2) views. B. URBAC 03−94, m2 from left dentary with m2 and alveoli for p5, m1, and m3, in lingual (B1) and occlusal (B2) views. C. URBAC 04−170, erupting m3 from right dentary with erupting m3 and posterior alveolus for m2; occlusal. D. URBAC 04−163, left dentary with m2–3, m1 lacking most of the crown, and alveoli for p5, in lingual (D1) and occlusal (D2) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13644151" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13644151/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">10</figureCitation>
) are similar to those in
<taxonomicName id="4C734D0F766EFF9919F5E564A96CFBE0" baseAuthorityName="Nessov" baseAuthorityYear="1982" class="Mammalia" family="Aegialodontidae" genus="Daulestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aegialodontia" pageId="17" pageNumber="368" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inobservabilis">
<emphasis id="B907EA9E766EFF9919F5E564A96CFBE0" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">D. inobservabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with a rather oblique protocristid on m1, and the cristid obliqua is lingual to or at the protocristid notch. The m3 hypoconulid is posteriorly procumbent, as in other Dzharakuduk asioryctitheres.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC368C766EFF991B7FE5BFAA6AFB6B" blockId="17.[102,519,1218,1243]" box="[102,519,1218,1243]" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">
<emphasis id="B907EA9E766EFF991B7FE5BFA964FB6A" box="[102,265,1219,1242]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Measurements</emphasis>
.—See
<tableCitation id="C6F10337766EFF991A45E5BEA9D6FB6B" box="[348,443,1218,1243]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="4.[102,157,231,252]" captionText="Table 1. Upper tooth measurements. Italicized numbers are estimates. Parentheses are deciduous teeth. A dagger (†) indicates a type specimen. Abbreviations as follows: L, length; W, width; AW, anterior width; PW, posterior width." pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Tables 1</tableCitation>
and
<tableCitation id="C6F10337766EFF991AEBE5BEAA6EFB6B" box="[498,515,1218,1243]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="5.[102,157,231,252]" captionText="Table 2. Lower tooth measurements.Italicized numbers are estimates.Parentheses are deciduous teeth.A dagger(†) indicates a type specimen.Abbreviations as follows: L, length; W, width; TRW, trigonid width; TAW, talonid width; TRL, trigonid length; TAL, talonid length." pageId="17" pageNumber="368">2</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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