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116 lines
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.51.380" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b17ba1c7-d901-4d6b-9caa-6bb4e7bcf6d8" ID-PMC="PMC3088026" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-51-33" ID-Pensoft-UUID="331EC652695364616735FFCCFFE6FF98" ID-PubMed="21594121" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576696" ID-ZooBank="44A7F29ED3944B2D981F6C380B935950" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2010" ModsDocID="1313-2970-51-33" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 51" ModsDocTitle="Revision of the afrotropical species of Zaprionus (Diptera, Drosophilidae), with descriptions of two new species and notes on internal reproductive structures and immature stages" checkinTime="1451251053215" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Yassin, Amir & David, Jean R." docDate="2010" docId="9C8E78E24D3B717E360FD057C53D3AC9" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 51: 33-72" docOrigin="ZooKeys 51" docPubDate="2010-07-23" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.51.380" docTitle="Zaprionus (Zaprionus) lachaisei Yassin & David 2010, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="842BCF21-9ACF-48C1-9B53-9DAC95C49554" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" id="331EC652695364616735FFCCFFE6FF98" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="331EC652695364616735FFCCFFE6FF98" masterDocTitle="Revision of the afrotropical species of Zaprionus (Diptera, Drosophilidae), with descriptions of two new species and notes on internal reproductive structures and immature stages" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="52" updateTime="1705949946224" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title id="DF63D1D72871326431FC1E1C61A6EA72">Revision of the afrotropical species of Zaprionus (Diptera, Drosophilidae), with descriptions of two new species and notes on internal reproductive structures and immature stages</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="C0DAF0F0EE6D1EA7330C506E11B77AAA" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="02358656F6858517E026DA7B345B789A">Yassin, Amir</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="1DE44A262DBD1B1F3CD4309A494858FC" type="email">yassin@legs.cnrs-gif.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="44DBA169283A88B2504A61C75AA45EC1">David, Jean R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="4D7DF818A8CE070EA3D57AE4387FC8D0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="AE66984E8C7C59D705D7E4663DD3D27A">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D84546C84D447E6196D4B0BE09724EDB">
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<mods:date id="ABFD89CD8C1D98760206DC9FD7A2E9F9">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CFF8554E3B565D0983FD9CBFAFE47294">2010-07-23</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="143649E3F930DEE97A62007C1B5E2DFA">51</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="3AA64F2F1FFDCF4179492B002B2C7581">33</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="61A77DABD4F3B9A51EE4AFD2AF476CAA">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.51.380</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="8AF3156DC129B370F7469043288A9ED8">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5577676E96039A959EF11F4F00784293" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.51.380</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D4FA91FC40D476589447AE4C9D76BF9E" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-51-33</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="29FA35B81AE68FDEF0BA0014062D9D39" type="Zenodo-Dep">576696</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="9C8E78E24D3B717E360FD057C53D3AC9" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159359475" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:842BCF21-9ACF-48C1-9B53-9DAC95C49554" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9C8E78E24D3B717E360FD057C53D3AC9" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">
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<subSubSection id="0721CA481ADAEF1A70EEDC9DA665DD5A" pageId="19" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1D3C4DDE8B1EBAFEC50BF83FB050C6BA" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">
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<taxonomicName id="1F8C05F7763067A3BF9C4438C0384387" ID-CoL="9HKSN" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:842BCF21-9ACF-48C1-9B53-9DAC95C49554" authority="Yassin & David" authorityName="Yassin & David" authorityYear="2010" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Zaprionus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zaprionus (Zaprionus) lachaisei" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lachaisei" status="sp. n." subGenus="Zaprionus">Zaprionus Zaprionus lachaisei Yassin & David</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="501DAFE2AB4C4F44643C3F2B90316E8C" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7E8449279FA3988BE37691C3CCC3F155" pageId="19" pageNumber="52" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="500F36795F18028F6A3A18764546C18B" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="919FA0FADA74732FED3F6B72176CF6CD" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">
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This species resembles
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<taxonomicName id="F58A96017FBD4A3F45D2167A1A664AEB" authorityName="Coquillett" authorityYear="1901" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Zaprionus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittiger">Zaprionus vittiger</taxonomicName>
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, but has the bigger body size (TL> 1.60 mm), spiniform spines enlarged and blackened on the first two tarsomeres of the foreleg (
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<figureCitation id="38DD7B3BD3B4FA9F10A74E16DB6247C7" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Tarsomeres of male foreleg of Zaprionus neglectus Collart, 1937 a, Zaprionus kololdkinae Chassagnard & Tsacas, 1987 b, Zaprionus lachaisei Yassin & David, sp. n. c, Zaprionus taronus Chassagnard & Tsacas, 1993 d, and Zaprionus santomensis Yassin & David, sp. n. e." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/13100" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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), and shorter puparial anterior spiracles (H = 5) (
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<figureCitation id="9BA12340019544192F51C3F0C9B2E02B" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Puparium of Zaprionus neglectus Collart, 1937 a, Zaprionus inermis Collart, 1937 b, Zaprionus cercus Chassagnard & McEvey, 1992 c, Zaprionus santomensis Yassin & David, sp. n. d, Zaprionus lachaisei Yassin & David, sp. n. e and Zaprionus vittiger Coquillett, 1902 f." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/13108" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
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). It is also distinguishable by a peculiar behavior of the larvae which do not leave the culture bottle when disturbed or crowded.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="334276FF6CE0D07C82D8CABEBE813F70" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="19" pageNumber="52" type="description">
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<paragraph id="9AEB808AE1909ADEB844F6495E87EDF8" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="01E8556D25599F3BD1F94DFDD7C3E05B" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">♂. TL = 1.68 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2D61BAD556E5F73D2F2A172B7DC78DB2" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Head. Arista with 3 dorsal and 2 ventral rays plus a terminal fork, pedicel tan. Frons orange-tan with lateral white stripes; median white stripe absent; ocellar triangle raised and darker; hw:fw = 2.04, fw:fl = 1.05. Face pale; carina large; palpus yellow. Gena broad, o:j = 10.2, o:ch = 5.2. Orbital bristles in straight line; or2 very minute, or1:or2:or3 = 7:2:5, orbito-index = 1.4. Ocellar setae long, divergent; oc:or1 = 1.3, poc:oc = 0.5, iv:ov = 0.6. Eye red and densely pilose.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1FB3F28AD9778EAD0B263DB7BEDF592A" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Thorax. Scutum tan, darker than frons, with four white longitudinal stripes continuing on scutellum; white stripes narrow, bordered with large black stripes, especially on the inner side; acs in 6 regular rows anterior to adc and 4 irregular rows between them; psc enlarged, adc:psc = 1.5; adc:pdc = 0.6. Scutellum slightly pointed at the apex, where white spot absent; bsc:asc = 1.3. Sterno-index = 0.6. F1 with 4 setiferous spines not borne on tubercules on the anteroventral margin. Basitarsus of the foreleg with a hairy brush on the ventral margin. Spiniform spines of the first and second tarsomeres of the foreleg enlaged and blackened.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EDDD604855973A10F89F83D80E362FAC" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Wing. Dusky; WL:WW = 2.3, C-index = 3.0, 4v-index = 1.5, 4c-index = 0.8, 5x-index = 0.7, M-index = 0.3, ac-index = 2.5, b/c = 0.6, C3 fringe 0.45, WL = 3.8 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="01DC671F81F9F29FF45D5862E8B9215B" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Abdomen. Uniformly tan, with dark spots at the bases of tergal bristles.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EEFCABF0298F3487D46B20B0099F93E3" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">
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Terminalia (
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<figureCitation id="5FF734993FB57172413496614A65CD78" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Male genitalia and spermatheca of Zaprionus lachaisei Yassin & David, sp. n. a, b, and Zaprionus santomensis Yassin & David, sp. n. c, d." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/13111" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Fig. 13a</figureCitation>
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). Epandrium densely pubescent at ventral portion; posterior margin pubescent at dorsal portion with 5 long bristles; anterior phragma narrow;
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<pageBreakToken id="3D1C29F723D7BC8918BA031823B5EAA1" pageId="20" pageNumber="53" start="start">epandrial</pageBreakToken>
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ventral lobe with 3 long bristles. Surstylus quadrate with two rows of prensisetae. Cercus triangular laterally. Hypandrium with a small pubescent patch at the lateral portion of the paraphyses. Aedeagus expanded apically; aedeagal flap expanded and deeply serrate. Apodeme subequal in length to aedeagus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CFEAC673345521E7622C7EF8B452C198" pageId="20" pageNumber="53">♀. TL = 1.76 mm, resembling male.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CF105056064909A615265F55C5031842" pageId="20" pageNumber="53">
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Terminalia. Oviscape with 8 peg-like and 7 short, marginal setae plus 4 supernumary. Spermatheca large, globulous and smooth (
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<figureCitation id="1D9B931443D4AFC2A0EFA825EE5D7261" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Male genitalia and spermatheca of Zaprionus lachaisei Yassin & David, sp. n. a, b, and Zaprionus santomensis Yassin & David, sp. n. c, d." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/13111" pageId="20" pageNumber="53">Fig. 13b</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="34541911B993F026EC80D510B0EE092B" pageId="20" pageNumber="53">Egg. Elliptical with 4 equally long and fine filaments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="64AD9373B5CFC60C81FFC5AE42E5EB6E" pageId="20" pageNumber="53">Larva. Not escaping the culture medium when disturbed or crowded.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="794EA599B8A3DD8311309BB2C12EFAF4" pageId="20" pageNumber="53">
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Puparium. H = 5.0 (
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<figureCitation id="0F04DE0511D79931104DAC97CCF5EC4E" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Puparium of Zaprionus neglectus Collart, 1937 a, Zaprionus inermis Collart, 1937 b, Zaprionus cercus Chassagnard & McEvey, 1992 c, Zaprionus santomensis Yassin & David, sp. n. d, Zaprionus lachaisei Yassin & David, sp. n. e and Zaprionus vittiger Coquillett, 1902 f." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/13108" pageId="20" pageNumber="53">Fig. 11d</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1DA29AF4543FE4CCF9C3258FBBFEE49B" pageId="20" pageNumber="53" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="273DE3645318EB24C6565028B3ADD31F" pageId="20" pageNumber="53">Distribution</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4CC40C66B5CCAD03BCB7C9EEEB97D9E1" pageId="20" pageNumber="53">. Tanzania.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A0C2A1534048A4A93C8FDB86FEB6DA82" pageId="20" pageNumber="53" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="B57BDFB9CB119BFE7195030D0AED424E" pageId="20" pageNumber="53">Type material</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8EA56CC3CDD5BCCD1E1D1EE8880A3C7D" pageId="20" pageNumber="53">. Holotype (male) and allotype (female), Tanzania: East-Usambara Mountains, Amani (870 m), ex type strain ZMI.12, 11-VIII-2008, founder female coll. 25-IX-2002, D. Lachaise. Paratypes: 10 males and 10 females with the same label. Types deposited in MNHN.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C62778B8D81B5C4C8333352F1F793646" pageId="20" pageNumber="53" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="88BBFD8BED3AFEFCAB1624A819ADD1CD" pageId="20" pageNumber="53">Discussion</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4F900583F87451DC9B31CC54363BA4DA" pageId="20" pageNumber="53">. Attempts to hybridize this strain with others belonging to the vittiger complex have all failed. The species is very prolific and easy to breed in the laboratory.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7BD626F4CE5115EF328A769803AC606C" pageId="20" pageNumber="53" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="394AA20C70293B16B99C94F10C023E21" pageId="20" pageNumber="53">Etymology</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4CA9CDB586E0A74368B119406AEDD069" pageId="20" pageNumber="53">
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. Patronym, in honor of the French
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<taxonomicName id="B322C08D49D966F569A0F9ACA2BA9296" class="Hexapoda" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Drosophila</taxonomicName>
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systematist Dr. Daniel Lachaise (1948-2006), collector of the types of two new species described here.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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